WO2020151066A1 - Smart soft switching-based method for improving power supply reliability of power distribution grid - Google Patents

Smart soft switching-based method for improving power supply reliability of power distribution grid Download PDF

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WO2020151066A1
WO2020151066A1 PCT/CN2019/078218 CN2019078218W WO2020151066A1 WO 2020151066 A1 WO2020151066 A1 WO 2020151066A1 CN 2019078218 W CN2019078218 W CN 2019078218W WO 2020151066 A1 WO2020151066 A1 WO 2020151066A1
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node
power
power supply
average
vector
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PCT/CN2019/078218
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
范心明
戚建平
曾永浩
邱太洪
李新
董镝
孔令生
叶家雄
麦志远
王成山
李鹏
宋关羽
宋安琪
黄静
陈邦发
陈斯翔
何子兰
冀浩然
陈昊
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广东电网有限责任公司
广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of methods for improving the reliability of distribution networks, and more specifically, to a method for improving the reliability of power supply of distribution networks based on intelligent soft switches.
  • Smart soft switch soft open point, SOP
  • SOP soft open point
  • the application of smart soft switches will greatly improve the flexibility and controllability of the power distribution system.
  • Some scholars have carried out preliminary studies, but there are few studies on the impact of smart soft switches on the reliability of power distribution networks.
  • the power control of the smart soft switch is safer and more reliable, avoiding the potential safety hazards caused by the switch operation; when a fault occurs, due to the effect of DC isolation, it can effectively prevent the fault current ride through; in the process of power restoration , It can provide effective voltage support for the fault side, which can expand the power supply recovery range, and the intelligent soft switch has a very short action time, which can achieve rapid power supply recovery in the power-loss area.
  • the existing reliability analysis methods of distribution network are mainly divided into two categories: Monte Carlo simulation method and analytical method.
  • the Monte Carlo simulation method samples the various components in the system and calculates the reliability index according to the system's fault conditions during the simulation period; the analytical method quickly calculates the reliability index by enumerating the influence of various failure events in the system on each load node.
  • the application of intelligent soft switch can effectively shorten the time of user power outage and expand the scope of power supply recovery. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an analysis method of power supply reliability of distribution network considering the impact of intelligent soft switch power supply recovery to evaluate the effect of intelligent soft switch on the power supply of distribution network.
  • the enhancement of reliability further guides the operation and planning of intelligent soft switches.
  • the invention provides a method for improving the power supply reliability of a distribution network based on an intelligent soft switch.
  • the method can calculate the reliability parameters of each load node, and then obtain the reliability index of the entire distribution system.
  • a method for improving the reliability of power distribution network power supply based on intelligent soft switching includes the following steps:
  • S1 According to the selected distribution system, input line parameters, load level, network topology connection relationship, system operating voltage level and branch current limit, intelligent soft switch access position, capacity, loss coefficient, fault side node voltage constraints, Node phase angle constraint value, the average annual number of failures of each branch of the system, failure repair time, segment switch action time, contact switch action time, intelligent soft switch restoration time, system reference voltage and reference power initial value;
  • S2 According to the structure and parameters of the distribution system, establish an active distribution network power supply restoration model based on smart soft switches. In response to the failure of each branch, use smart soft switches to restore power to the power-loss area and obtain different branches. The power restoration of each node in the case of a circuit failure;
  • the power failure load nodes are divided into three categories: 1load nodes that can only be restored to power supply by repairing the faulty branch; 2load nodes whose power is restored by the main power supply immediately after the fault is cleared; 3pass after the fault is cleared Load node where the intelligent soft switch restores power supply;
  • S4 According to the power restoration status of each load node under different fault conditions, generate the fault correlation matrix A, B, C, and calculate the reliability parameters of each load node, including the average annual power outage frequency of the node, the average annual power outage time of the node, and the average annual node Low battery vector;
  • S5 Calculate the power supply reliability index of the distribution system according to the reliability parameters of each load node, including the system's average annual power outage frequency index, the system's annual average outage duration index, and the system's annual average power shortage index.
  • the method for generating the fault incidence matrix A in the step S4 is:
  • A is a matrix of N L ⁇ N N , N L is the number of system branches, and N N is the number of system nodes, where
  • k and l are the system branch number and node number respectively.
  • the method for generating the fault incidence matrix B in the step S4 is:
  • N L is the number of system branches
  • N N is the number of system nodes
  • the method for generating the fault incidence matrix C in the step S4 is:
  • N L is the number of system branches
  • N N is the number of system nodes
  • ⁇ b ⁇ l ⁇ (A+B+C)
  • ⁇ b is the vector of the average annual power failure frequency of the node
  • ⁇ l is the vector of the average annual number of failures of the branch.
  • step S4 the process of calculating the node's annual average power shortage in step S4 is:
  • L b is the node's annual average power shortage vector
  • T b is the node's annual average power outage time vector
  • P LOAD is the node's active load vector
  • It is the Hadamard operator, which means that the corresponding position elements of two matrices are multiplied.
  • the method for improving power supply reliability of distribution network based on smart soft switch of the present invention fully considers the role of smart soft switch in shortening user power outage time and expanding power supply recovery range, and proposes a power supply reliability index of distribution network considering smart soft switch Calculation method, analysis of the application of intelligent soft switch to the improvement of power supply reliability of distribution network.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a 10kV medium voltage power distribution system example
  • Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a 10kV medium voltage distribution system with intelligent soft switches.
  • a method for improving the reliability of power distribution network power supply based on intelligent soft switching includes the following steps:
  • the capacity of the smart soft switch is 1.0MVA, the loss coefficient is 0.199, and the node voltage constraint value on the fault side is 1.0, the node phase angle constraint value is 0°, and the power direction from the AC side to the DC side is specified as the positive direction;
  • the annual average number of failures of each branch of the system is detailed in Table 3, and the fault repair time is set to 5 hours, divided
  • the switch action time is set to 1 hour, the contact switch action time is set to 1 hour, and the intelligent soft switch power recovery time is set to 5 minutes; finally, the reference voltage of the system is set to 10kV and the reference power is 1MVA.
  • the establishment of an active distribution network power supply restoration model based on smart soft switching includes: setting the maximum active load of the distribution system as the objective function , Considering system power flow constraints, operating voltage constraints, branch current constraints and smart soft switching operation constraints respectively;
  • N N is the number of system nodes; Is the active power consumed by the load at node i; ⁇ i is the coefficient that can restore the load on node i, ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ .
  • ⁇ i is the set of nodes connected to node i;
  • U i , U j and ⁇ ij are the voltage amplitudes and phase angle differences of nodes i and j respectively;
  • G ii , B ii , G ij , and B ij are respectively Self-conductance, self-susceptance, mutual conductance and mutual conductance in the nodal admittance matrix;
  • i and j are the node numbers of the power distribution system connected to the smart soft switch; The active power and reactive power injected into the two converters of the smart soft switch respectively; with Is the loss coefficient of intelligent soft switching; with Is the capacity of the converter connected to nodes i and j; Is the voltage setting value of the intelligent soft switch on the fault side, U 0 is the node voltage constraint value on the fault side; Is the phase angle setting value of the intelligent soft switch on the fault side, and ⁇ 0 is the node phase angle constraint value.
  • the primal dual interior point method is used to solve the above mathematical model to obtain the power supply status of the load node after the failure of different branches;
  • the power failure load nodes are divided into three categories: 1load nodes that can only be restored to power supply by repairing the faulty branch; 2load nodes that are restored by the main power supply immediately after the fault is cleared; 3pass after the fault is cleared Load node where the intelligent soft switch restores power supply;
  • Type one is that power can only be restored by repairing the faulty branch
  • type two is that the main power supply is restored immediately after the fault is cleared.
  • the third is to restore power through the intelligent soft switch after the fault is cleared.
  • each load node According to the power restoration status of each load node under different fault conditions, generate the fault correlation matrix A, B, C, and calculate the reliability parameters of each load node, including the average annual power outage frequency of the node, the average annual power outage time of the node, and the average annual node Low battery, etc.;
  • the method for generating fault correlation matrices A, B, C is
  • A is a matrix of N L ⁇ N N , N L is the number of system branches, N N is the number of system nodes, where
  • k and l are the branch number and node number of the distribution system respectively;
  • N L is the number of system branches
  • N N is the number of system nodes
  • C is a matrix of N L ⁇ N N , N L is the number of system branches, N N is the number of system nodes, where
  • the calculation method of the reliability parameter of the load node is
  • ⁇ b ⁇ l ⁇ (A+B+C) (16)
  • ⁇ b is the average annual power failure frequency vector of the node
  • ⁇ l is the average annual failure frequency vector of the branch
  • A, B, and C are the fault incidence matrix.
  • T b is the average annual power outage time vector of the node
  • ⁇ l is the average annual failure frequency vector of the branch
  • t l is the repair time vector of the faulty branch
  • t sw is the action time vector of the isolation switch to remove the faulty branch
  • t op is the action time vector of the smart soft switch being powered on and restored
  • A, B, C are the fault correlation matrix
  • It is the Hadamard operator, which means that the corresponding position elements of two matrices are multiplied.
  • L b is the node's annual average power shortage vector
  • T b is the node's annual average power outage time vector
  • P LOAD is the node's active load vector
  • It is the Hadamard operator, which means that the corresponding position elements of two matrices are multiplied.
  • the system reliability index calculation method is
  • SAIFI is the system's average annual power outage frequency index
  • ⁇ b,i is the average annual power outage frequency corresponding to the i-th node in the ⁇ b vector
  • N i is the number of load users supplied at node i
  • M is the total system load User number.
  • SAIDI is the system's average annual power outage time indicator
  • ⁇ b,i is the average annual power outage frequency corresponding to the i-th node in the ⁇ b vector
  • T b,i is the i-th node in the T b vector when the average length off
  • node i N i the number of users premises load supplied
  • M is the total number of users the system load.
  • ENS is the system's annual average power shortage index
  • T b,i is the average annual power outage duration corresponding to the i-th node in the T b vector; for The active load corresponding to the i-th node in the vector.
  • the invention proposes a method for improving the power supply reliability of a distribution network based on an intelligent soft switch, and calculates the power supply reliability index of the distribution network.
  • a group of intelligent soft switches is selected to connect to the distribution network, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the following three power restoration schemes are adopted:
  • Scheme III Use smart soft switches to restore power to the power-loss area.
  • the computer hardware environment for performing optimized calculations is Intel(R)Xeon(R)CPU E5-2609, the main frequency is 2.50GHz, the memory is 16GB; the software environment is Windows 10 operating system.
  • the intelligent soft switch restores power supply quickly, shortens the power outage time in the power-loss area, and reduces the average annual power outage time of the system. Compared with the contact switch, the intelligent soft switch restores the power supply area, which significantly reduces the system's annual average power shortage indicator ; Because the intelligent soft switch can only reduce the impact of fault conditions on power users, and cannot change the frequency of faults in the system, the average annual power outage frequency index has not changed.
  • Table 3 Average annual number of failures of branch circuits in 10kV medium voltage distribution system

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Abstract

The present invention provides a smart soft switching-based method for improving the power supply reliability of a power distribution grid; on the basis of a smart soft-switching power supply recovery model, the method analyzes the impact of each branch fault on a load node, constructs a fault correlation matrix, calculates the reliability parameters of each load node, and then obtains a reliability index of the entire power distribution system, and analyzes the role of the application of smart soft switching in improving the power supply reliability of the power distribution grid.

Description

一种基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法A Method for Improving Power Supply Reliability of Distribution Network Based on Intelligent Soft Switch 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及配电网可靠性提升方法领域，更具体地，涉及一种基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法。The invention relates to the field of methods for improving the reliability of distribution networks, and more specifically, to a method for improving the reliability of power supply of distribution networks based on intelligent soft switches.
背景技术Background technique
据不完全统计，80％以上的用户停电事故由配电网故障引发，这就需要配电网具备更高的供电可靠性以应对复杂、多变的运行场景。影响配电网供电可靠性的主要因素包括各电力元件的故障率、故障造成的用户停电时间、故障造成的用户停电范围等，由于配电网建成后各元件的故障率随之固定且更换元件的成本较大，因此缩短故障造成的用户停电时间和停电范围成为高效、可行的配电网供电可靠性提升方法。According to incomplete statistics, more than 80% of user power outages are caused by power distribution network failures, which requires the distribution network to have higher power supply reliability to cope with complex and changeable operating scenarios. The main factors affecting the reliability of the power supply of the distribution network include the failure rate of various power components, the time of user outage caused by the fault, and the range of user outage caused by the fault. After the completion of the distribution network, the failure rate of each element will be fixed and the components will be replaced. Therefore, shortening the time and scope of power outages caused by faults has become an efficient and feasible method to improve the reliability of power supply in the distribution network.
智能软开关(soft open point，SOP)是取代传统联络开关的一种新型智能配电装置，智能软开关的应用将极大地提高配电***运行的灵活性和可控性，对此国内外已有学者开展了初步研究，但关于智能软开关对配电网供电可靠性影响方面的研究较少。与联络开关相比，智能软开关的功率控制更加安全可靠，避免了开关操作可能带来的安全隐患；在故障发生时，由于直流隔离的作用，能够有效阻止故障电流穿越；在供电恢复过程中，能够为故障侧提供有效的电压支撑，从而可以扩大供电恢复范围，且智能软开关动作时间极短，可实现失电区域的快速供电恢复。Smart soft switch (soft open point, SOP) is a new type of smart power distribution device that replaces traditional contact switches. The application of smart soft switches will greatly improve the flexibility and controllability of the power distribution system. Some scholars have carried out preliminary studies, but there are few studies on the impact of smart soft switches on the reliability of power distribution networks. Compared with the tie switch, the power control of the smart soft switch is safer and more reliable, avoiding the potential safety hazards caused by the switch operation; when a fault occurs, due to the effect of DC isolation, it can effectively prevent the fault current ride through; in the process of power restoration , It can provide effective voltage support for the fault side, which can expand the power supply recovery range, and the intelligent soft switch has a very short action time, which can achieve rapid power supply recovery in the power-loss area.
目前已有的配电网可靠性分析方法主要分为两类：蒙特卡洛模拟法和解析法。蒙特卡洛模拟法对***中各个元件进行采样，根据模拟时段内***的故障情况计算可靠性指标；解析法通过枚举***中各种故障事件对各负荷节点的影响，快速计算可靠性指标，以便于可靠性灵敏度分析以及配电网规划设计。但上述方法均不能直接用于考虑智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性分析问题。智能软开关的应用能够有效缩短用户停电时间，扩大供电恢复范围，因此，急需一种考虑智能软开关供电恢复影响的配电网供电可靠性分析方法，用以评价智能软开关对于配电网供电可靠性的提升作用，进一步指导智能软开关的运行与规划问题。The existing reliability analysis methods of distribution network are mainly divided into two categories: Monte Carlo simulation method and analytical method. The Monte Carlo simulation method samples the various components in the system and calculates the reliability index according to the system's fault conditions during the simulation period; the analytical method quickly calculates the reliability index by enumerating the influence of various failure events in the system on each load node. To facilitate reliability sensitivity analysis and distribution network planning and design. However, none of the above methods can be directly applied to the power supply reliability analysis of distribution network considering smart soft switching. The application of intelligent soft switch can effectively shorten the time of user power outage and expand the scope of power supply recovery. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an analysis method of power supply reliability of distribution network considering the impact of intelligent soft switch power supply recovery to evaluate the effect of intelligent soft switch on the power supply of distribution network. The enhancement of reliability further guides the operation and planning of intelligent soft switches.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提供一种基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，该方法可计算各负荷节点的可靠性参数，进而得出整个配电***可靠性指标。The invention provides a method for improving the power supply reliability of a distribution network based on an intelligent soft switch. The method can calculate the reliability parameters of each load node, and then obtain the reliability index of the entire distribution system.
为了达到上述技术效果，本发明的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above technical effects, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，包括以下步骤：A method for improving the reliability of power distribution network power supply based on intelligent soft switching includes the following steps:
S1：根据选定的配电***，输入线路参数、负荷水平、网络拓扑连接关系，***运行电压水平和支路电流限制，智能软开关接入位置、容量、损耗系数、故障侧节点电压约束、节点相角约束值，***各支路年均故障次数、故障修复时长、分段开关动作时间、联络开关动作时间、智能软开关恢复供电时间，***基准电压和基准功率初值；S1: According to the selected distribution system, input line parameters, load level, network topology connection relationship, system operating voltage level and branch current limit, intelligent soft switch access position, capacity, loss coefficient, fault side node voltage constraints, Node phase angle constraint value, the average annual number of failures of each branch of the system, failure repair time, segment switch action time, contact switch action time, intelligent soft switch restoration time, system reference voltage and reference power initial value;
S2：依据配电***结构及参数，建立基于智能软开关的有源配电网供电恢复模型，针对每一条支路发生故障的情况，采用智能软开关对失电区域进行供电恢复，得到不同支路故障情况下的各节点供电恢复情况；S2: According to the structure and parameters of the distribution system, establish an active distribution network power supply restoration model based on smart soft switches. In response to the failure of each branch, use smart soft switches to restore power to the power-loss area and obtain different branches. The power restoration of each node in the case of a circuit failure;
S3：根据供电恢复结果，将停电负荷节点分为三类：①只能通过故障支路修复才能恢复供电的负荷节点；②故障清除后立即由主电源恢复供电的负荷节点；③故障清除后通过智能软开关恢复供电的负荷节点；S3: According to the results of power restoration, the power failure load nodes are divided into three categories: ①load nodes that can only be restored to power supply by repairing the faulty branch; ②load nodes whose power is restored by the main power supply immediately after the fault is cleared; ③pass after the fault is cleared Load node where the intelligent soft switch restores power supply;
S4：依据不同故障情况下各负荷节点的供电恢复状态，生成故障关联矩阵A、B、C，计算各负荷节点的可靠性参数，包括节点年均停电频率、节点年均停电时间、节点年均电量不足向量；S4: According to the power restoration status of each load node under different fault conditions, generate the fault correlation matrix A, B, C, and calculate the reliability parameters of each load node, including the average annual power outage frequency of the node, the average annual power outage time of the node, and the average annual node Low battery vector;
S5：根据各负荷节点的可靠性参数，计算配电***供电可靠性指标，包括***年均停电频率指标、***年均断电时长指标、***年均电量不足指标。S5: Calculate the power supply reliability index of the distribution system according to the reliability parameters of each load node, including the system's average annual power outage frequency index, the system's annual average outage duration index, and the system's annual average power shortage index.
进一步地，所述步骤S4中生成故障关联矩阵A的方法为：Further, the method for generating the fault incidence matrix A in the step S4 is:
A为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 A is a matrix of N L × N N , N L is the number of system branches, and N N is the number of system nodes, where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000001
式中，k、l分别为***支路编号和节点编号。In the formula, k and l are the system branch number and node number respectively.
进一步地，所述步骤S4中生成故障关联矩阵B的方法为：Further, the method for generating the fault incidence matrix B in the step S4 is:
B为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 B is a N L × N N matrix, N L is the number of system branches, N N is the number of system nodes, where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000002
进一步地，所述步骤S4中生成故障关联矩阵C的方法为：Further, the method for generating the fault incidence matrix C in the step S4 is:
C为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 C is a matrix of N L × N N , N L is the number of system branches, and N N is the number of system nodes, where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000003
进一步地，所述步骤S4中计算节点年均停电频率的过程是：Further, the process of calculating the average annual power outage frequency of the node in the step S4 is:
λ b＝λ l×(A+B+C) λ b =λ l ×(A+B+C)
式中，λ b为节点年均停电频率向量；λ l为支路年均故障次数向量。 In the formula, λ b is the vector of the average annual power failure frequency of the node; λ l is the vector of the average annual number of failures of the branch.
进一步地，所述步骤S4中计算节点年均停电时间的过程是：Further, the process of calculating the average annual power outage time of the node in the step S4 is:
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000004
式中，T b为节点年均停电时间向量；λ l为支路年均故障次数向量；t l为故障支路的修复时间向量；t sw为隔离开关切除故障支路的动作时间向量；t op为智能软开关投入供电恢复的动作时间向量；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000005
为Hadamard算子，表示两个矩阵对应位置元素相乘。 In the formula, T b is the average annual power outage time vector of the node; λ l is the average annual failure frequency vector of the branch; t l is the repair time vector of the faulty branch; t sw is the action time vector of the isolation switch to remove the faulty branch; t op is the action time vector when the smart soft switch is powered on and restored;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000005
It is the Hadamard operator, which means that the corresponding position elements of two matrices are multiplied.
进一步地，所述步骤S4中计算节点年均电量不足的过程是：Further, the process of calculating the node's annual average power shortage in step S4 is:
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000006
式中，L b为节点年均电量不足向量；T b为节点年均停电时间向量；P LOAD为节点有功负荷向量；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000007
为Hadamard算子，表示两个矩阵对应位置元素相乘。 In the formula, L b is the node's annual average power shortage vector; T b is the node's annual average power outage time vector; P LOAD is the node's active load vector;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000007
It is the Hadamard operator, which means that the corresponding position elements of two matrices are multiplied.
与现有技术相比，本发明技术方案的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明的一种基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，充分考虑智能软开关对于缩短用户停电时间、扩大供电恢复范围的作用，提出考虑智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性指标计算方法，分析智能软开关的应用对于配电网供电可靠性的提升作用。The method for improving power supply reliability of distribution network based on smart soft switch of the present invention fully considers the role of smart soft switch in shortening user power outage time and expanding power supply recovery range, and proposes a power supply reliability index of distribution network considering smart soft switch Calculation method, analysis of the application of intelligent soft switch to the improvement of power supply reliability of distribution network.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本发明方法的流程图；Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;
图2是10kV中压配电***算例结构图；Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a 10kV medium voltage power distribution system example;
图3是含智能软开关的10kV中压配电***算例结构图。Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a 10kV medium voltage distribution system with intelligent soft switches.
具体实施方式detailed description
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；The attached drawings are only used for illustrative description and cannot be understood as a limitation of the patent;
为了更好说明本实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product;
对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures in the drawings and their descriptions may be omitted.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，一种基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, a method for improving the reliability of power distribution network power supply based on intelligent soft switching includes the following steps:
1)根据选定的配电***，输入线路参数、负荷水平、网络拓扑连接关系，***运行电压水平和支路电流限制，智能软开关接入位置、容量、损耗系数、故障侧节点电压约束、节点相角约束值，***各支路年均故障次数、故障修复时长、分段开关动作时间、联络开关动作时间、智能软开关恢复供电时间，***基准电压和基准功率初值；1) According to the selected distribution system, input line parameters, load level, network topology connection relationship, system operating voltage level and branch current limit, intelligent soft switch access position, capacity, loss coefficient, fault side node voltage constraints, Node phase angle constraint value, the average annual number of failures of each branch of the system, failure repair time, segment switch action time, contact switch action time, intelligent soft switch restoration time, system reference voltage and reference power initial value;
对于本实施例，首先输入10kV中压配电***中线路元件的阻抗值，负荷元件的有功功率、无功功率，网络拓扑连接关系，算例结构如图2所示，节点4、8通过联络开关连接，详细参数见表1和表2；设定一组智能软开关接入配电网，取代联络开关，智能软开关的容量为1.0MVA，损耗系数为0.199，故障侧节点电压约束值为1.0，节点相角约束值为0°，规定从交流侧传递到直流侧的功率方向为正方向；***各支路年均故障次数详细见表3，故障修复时长设定为5小时，分段开关动作时间设定为1小时，联络开关动作时间设定为1小时，智能软开关恢复供电时间设定为5分钟；最后设定***的基准电压为10kV、基准功率为1MVA。For this embodiment, first enter the impedance value of the line components in the 10kV medium voltage distribution system, the active power and reactive power of the load components, and the network topology connection relationship. The example structure is shown in Figure 2. Nodes 4 and 8 are connected through For switch connection, see Table 1 and Table 2 for detailed parameters; set a group of smart soft switches to connect to the distribution network to replace the tie switch. The capacity of the smart soft switch is 1.0MVA, the loss coefficient is 0.199, and the node voltage constraint value on the fault side is 1.0, the node phase angle constraint value is 0°, and the power direction from the AC side to the DC side is specified as the positive direction; the annual average number of failures of each branch of the system is detailed in Table 3, and the fault repair time is set to 5 hours, divided The switch action time is set to 1 hour, the contact switch action time is set to 1 hour, and the intelligent soft switch power recovery time is set to 5 minutes; finally, the reference voltage of the system is set to 10kV and the reference power is 1MVA.
2)依据配电***结构及参数，建立基于智能软开关的有源配电网供电恢复模型，针对每一条支路发生故障的情况，采用智能软开关对失电区域进行供电恢复，得到不同支路故障情况下的各节点供电恢复情况；2) According to the structure and parameters of the distribution system, establish an active distribution network power supply restoration model based on smart soft switches. In response to the failure of each branch, use smart soft switches to restore power to the power-loss area, and obtain different branches. The power restoration of each node in the case of a circuit failure;
对于本实施例，针对8条支路分别发生永久性故障，共有8个故障场景；建立基于智能软开关的有源配电网供电恢复模型，包括：设定配电***有功负荷最大为目标函数，分别考虑***潮流约束、运行电压约束、支路电流约束和智能软开关运行约束；For this embodiment, there are 8 failure scenarios for permanent failures of 8 branches respectively; the establishment of an active distribution network power supply restoration model based on smart soft switching includes: setting the maximum active load of the distribution system as the objective function , Considering system power flow constraints, operating voltage constraints, branch current constraints and smart soft switching operation constraints respectively;
(1)所述的配电***恢复有功负荷最大为目标函数可表示为(1) The maximum active load of the power distribution system restored as the objective function can be expressed as
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000008
式中，N N为***节点数；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000009
为节点i处负荷消耗的有功功率；μ i为可恢复 节点i上负荷的系数，μ i∈{0,1}。 In the formula, N N is the number of system nodes;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000009
Is the active power consumed by the load at node i; μ i is the coefficient that can restore the load on node i, μ i ∈ {0,1}.
(2)所述的***潮流约束表示为(2) The system power flow constraint is expressed as
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000013
式中，Ω i为与节点i相连节点的集合；U i、U j和θ ij分别为节点i、j的电压幅值和相角差；G ii、B ii、G ij、B ij分别为节点导纳矩阵中的自电导、自电纳、互电导和互电纳；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000014
分别为节点i上负荷消耗的有功功率和无功功率；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000016
分别为智能软开关在节点i上注入的有功功率和无功功率。 In the formula, Ω i is the set of nodes connected to node i; U i , U j and θ ij are the voltage amplitudes and phase angle differences of nodes i and j respectively; G ii , B ii , G ij , and B ij are respectively Self-conductance, self-susceptance, mutual conductance and mutual conductance in the nodal admittance matrix;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000014
Are the active power and reactive power consumed by the load on node i;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000016
They are the active power and reactive power injected by the smart soft switch on node i.
(3)所述的运行电压约束表示为(3) The operating voltage constraint is expressed as
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000017
式中，
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000018
和
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000019
分别为节点i电压幅值的上下限。 Where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000018
with
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000019
They are the upper and lower limits of the voltage amplitude of node i.
(4)所述的支路电流约束表示为(4) The branch current constraint is expressed as
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000020
式中，
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000021
是支路ij的电流幅值上限。 Where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000021
Is the upper limit of the current amplitude of branch ij.
(5)所述的智能软开关运行约束表示为(5) The operating constraints of the smart soft switch are expressed as
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000026
式中，i、j为智能软开关所接入配电***的节点编号；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000028
分别为智能软开关两个换流器注入的有功功率和无功功率；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000029
和
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000030
为智能软开关损耗系数；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000031
和
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000032
为接在节点i、j的换流器容量；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000033
为故障侧智能软开关电压设定值，U 0为故障侧节点电压约束值；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000034
为故障侧智能软开关相角设定值，θ 0为节点相角约束值。 In the formula, i and j are the node numbers of the power distribution system connected to the smart soft switch;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000028
The active power and reactive power injected into the two converters of the smart soft switch respectively;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000029
with
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000030
Is the loss coefficient of intelligent soft switching;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000031
with
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000032
Is the capacity of the converter connected to nodes i and j;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000033
Is the voltage setting value of the intelligent soft switch on the fault side, U 0 is the node voltage constraint value on the fault side;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000034
Is the phase angle setting value of the intelligent soft switch on the fault side, and θ 0 is the node phase angle constraint value.
采用原对偶内点法求解上述数学模型，得到不同支路发生故障后的负荷节点供电状态；The primal dual interior point method is used to solve the above mathematical model to obtain the power supply status of the load node after the failure of different branches;
3)根据供电恢复结果，将停电负荷节点分为三类：①只能通过故障支路修复才能恢复供电的负荷节点；②故障清除后立即由主电源恢复供电的负荷节点；③故障清除后通过智能软开关恢复供电的负荷节点；3) According to the power restoration results, the power failure load nodes are divided into three categories: ①load nodes that can only be restored to power supply by repairing the faulty branch; ②load nodes that are restored by the main power supply immediately after the fault is cleared; ③pass after the fault is cleared Load node where the intelligent soft switch restores power supply;
对于本实施例，不同支路故障情况下的各节点恢复供电类型详见表4，类型一为只能通过修复故障支路才能恢复供电，类型二为故障清除后立即由主电源恢复供电，类型三为故障清除后通过智能软开关恢复供电。For this embodiment, the types of power restoration for each node under different branch failures are shown in Table 4. Type one is that power can only be restored by repairing the faulty branch, and type two is that the main power supply is restored immediately after the fault is cleared. The third is to restore power through the intelligent soft switch after the fault is cleared.
4)依据不同故障情况下各负荷节点的供电恢复状态，生成故障关联矩阵A、B、C，计算各负荷节点的可靠性参数，包括节点年均停电频率、节点年均停电时间、节点年均电量不足等；4) According to the power restoration status of each load node under different fault conditions, generate the fault correlation matrix A, B, C, and calculate the reliability parameters of each load node, including the average annual power outage frequency of the node, the average annual power outage time of the node, and the average annual node Low battery, etc.;
对于本实施例，故障关联矩阵A、B、C生成方法为For this embodiment, the method for generating fault correlation matrices A, B, C is
(1)A为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 (1) A is a matrix of N L × N N , N L is the number of system branches, N N is the number of system nodes, where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000035
式中，k、l分别为配电***支路编号和节点编号；In the formula, k and l are the branch number and node number of the distribution system respectively;
(2)B为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 (2) B is a matrix of N L × N N , N L is the number of system branches, N N is the number of system nodes, where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000036
(3)C为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 (3) C is a matrix of N L × N N , N L is the number of system branches, N N is the number of system nodes, where
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000037
对于本实施例，负荷节点的可靠性参数计算方法为For this embodiment, the calculation method of the reliability parameter of the load node is
(1)节点年均停电频率(1) Average annual power outage frequency of nodes
λ b＝λ l×(A+B+C)    (16) λ b =λ l ×(A+B+C) (16)
式中，λ b为节点年均停电频率向量；λ l为支路年均故障次数向量；A、B、C为故障关联矩阵。 In the formula, λ b is the average annual power failure frequency vector of the node; λ l is the average annual failure frequency vector of the branch; A, B, and C are the fault incidence matrix.
(2)节点年均停电时间(2) Average annual outage time of nodes
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000038
式中，T b为节点年均停电时间向量；λ l为支路年均故障次数向量；t l为故障 支路的修复时间向量；t sw为隔离开关切除故障支路的动作时间向量；t op为智能软开关投入供电恢复的动作时间向量；A、B、C为故障关联矩阵；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000039
为Hadamard算子，表示两个矩阵对应位置元素相乘。 In the formula, T b is the average annual power outage time vector of the node; λ l is the average annual failure frequency vector of the branch; t l is the repair time vector of the faulty branch; t sw is the action time vector of the isolation switch to remove the faulty branch; t op is the action time vector of the smart soft switch being powered on and restored; A, B, C are the fault correlation matrix;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000039
It is the Hadamard operator, which means that the corresponding position elements of two matrices are multiplied.
(3)节点年均电量不足(3) The average annual power of the node is insufficient
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000040
式中，L b为节点年均电量不足向量；T b为节点年均停电时间向量；P LOAD为节点有功负荷向量；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000041
为Hadamard算子，表示两个矩阵对应位置元素相乘。 In the formula, L b is the node's annual average power shortage vector; T b is the node's annual average power outage time vector; P LOAD is the node's active load vector;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000041
It is the Hadamard operator, which means that the corresponding position elements of two matrices are multiplied.
5)根据各负荷节点的可靠性参数，计算配电***供电可靠性指标，包括***年均停电频率指标(system average interruption frequency index，SAIFI)、***年均断电时长指标(system average interruption duration index，SAIDI)、***年均电量不足指标(energy not supplied，ENS)。5) Calculate the power supply reliability index of the distribution system according to the reliability parameters of each load node, including the system average interruption frequency index (SAIFI), and the system average interruption duration index (system average interruption duration index) , SAIDI), the system's annual average insufficient power indicator (energy not supplied, ENS).
对于本实施例，***可靠性指标计算方法为For this embodiment, the system reliability index calculation method is
(1)***年均停电频率指标(1) The system's annual average power outage frequency index
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000042
式中，SAIFI为***年均停电频率指标；λ b,i为λ b向量中的第i个节点对应的年均停电频率；N i为节点i处所供应的负荷用户数；M为***总负荷用户数。 In the formula, SAIFI is the system's average annual power outage frequency index; λ b,i is the average annual power outage frequency corresponding to the i-th node in the λ b vector; N i is the number of load users supplied at node i; M is the total system load User number.
(2)***年均断电时长指标(2) The system's average annual power outage time indicator
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000043
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000043
式中，SAIDI为***年均断电时长指标；λ b,i为λ b向量中的第i个节点对应的年均停电频率；T b,i为T b向量中的第i个节点对应的年均断电时长；N i为节点i处所供应的负荷用户数；M为***总负荷用户数。 In the formula, SAIDI is the system's average annual power outage time indicator; λ b,i is the average annual power outage frequency corresponding to the i-th node in the λ b vector; T b,i is the i-th node in the T b vector when the average length off; node i N i the number of users premises load supplied; M is the total number of users the system load.
(3)***年均电量不足指标(3) The system's annual average power shortage indicator
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000044
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000044
式中，ENS为***年均电量不足指标；T b,i为T b向量中的第i个节点对应的年均断电时长；
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000045
为
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000046
向量中的第i个节点对应的有功负荷。 In the formula, ENS is the system's annual average power shortage index; T b,i is the average annual power outage duration corresponding to the i-th node in the T b vector;
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000045
for
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000046
The active load corresponding to the i-th node in the vector.
本发明提出了基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，计算配电网供电可靠性指标。The invention proposes a method for improving the power supply reliability of a distribution network based on an intelligent soft switch, and calculates the power supply reliability index of the distribution network.
对于本实施例，选取一组智能软开关接入配电网，如图3所示。采用以下三种供电恢复方案：For this embodiment, a group of intelligent soft switches is selected to connect to the distribution network, as shown in FIG. 3. The following three power restoration schemes are adopted:
方案I：不考虑联络开关对失电区域进行供电恢复；Option I: Do not consider the tie switch to restore the power supply to the power-loss area;
方案II：采用联络开关对失电区域进行供电恢复；Scheme II: Use a tie switch to restore power supply to the power-loss area;
方案III：采用智能软开关对失电区域进行供电恢复。Scheme III: Use smart soft switches to restore power to the power-loss area.
每种方案失电负荷恢复供电类型见表4，计算得到故障关联矩阵A、B、C见表5；节点年均停电频率、节点年均停电时间、节点年均电量不足计算结果见表6，***年均停电频率指标、***年均断电时长指标、***年均电量不足指标计算结果见表7。See Table 4 for the types of power supply restoration for each plan, and the calculated fault correlation matrices A, B, C are shown in Table 5. The calculation results of the average annual outage frequency of the nodes, the average annual outage time of the nodes, and the average annual power shortage of the nodes are shown in Table 6. The calculation results of the system's average annual power outage frequency index, system annual average power outage time index, and system average annual power shortage index are shown in Table 7.
执行优化计算的计算机硬件环境为Intel(R)Xeon(R)CPU E5-2609，主频为2.50GHz，内存为16GB；软件环境为Windows 10操作***。The computer hardware environment for performing optimized calculations is Intel(R)Xeon(R)CPU E5-2609, the main frequency is 2.50GHz, the memory is 16GB; the software environment is Windows 10 operating system.
可以看出，智能软开关的应用极大地提升了配电网供电可靠性。智能软开关恢复供电快，缩短了失电区域的停电时间，减小了***年均断电时长，相比于联络开关，；智能软开关恢复供电区域大，显著降低了***年均电量不足指标；由于智能软开关只能降低故障情况对于电力用户的影响，无法改变***中故障发生的频率，导致年均停电频率指标未发生变化。It can be seen that the application of intelligent soft switches has greatly improved the power supply reliability of the distribution network. The intelligent soft switch restores power supply quickly, shortens the power outage time in the power-loss area, and reduces the average annual power outage time of the system. Compared with the contact switch, the intelligent soft switch restores the power supply area, which significantly reduces the system's annual average power shortage indicator ; Because the intelligent soft switch can only reduce the impact of fault conditions on power users, and cannot change the frequency of faults in the system, the average annual power outage frequency index has not changed.
表1 10kV中压配电***负荷接入位置及功率Table 1 Load access location and power of 10kV medium voltage distribution system
节点编号Node number 有功功率/kWActive power/kW 无功功率/kvarReactive power/kvar
11 300300 160160
22 200200 110110
33 500500 270270
44 400400 210210
55 400400 210210
66 300300 160160
77 500500 270270
88 400400 210210
表2 10kV中压配电***线路参数Table 2 Line parameters of 10kV medium voltage distribution system
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000048
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000048
表3 10kV中压配电***支路年均故障次数Table 3 Average annual number of failures of branch circuits in 10kV medium voltage distribution system
支路编号Branch number 年均故障次数/(fr/yr)Average annual failure times/(fr/yr)
11 0.100.10
22 0.250.25
33 0.210.21
44 0.210.21
55 0.210.21
66 0.320.32
77 0.250.25
88 0.400.40
表4 失电负荷恢复供电类型Table 4 Types of power supply restoration for power-loss load
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000049
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000049
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000050
表5 故障关联矩阵Table 5 Fault correlation matrix
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000051
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000051
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000052
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000052
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000053
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000053
表6 负荷节点可靠性参数Table 6 Reliability parameters of load nodes
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000054
Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-000054
表7 可靠性指标计算结果Table 7 Reliability index calculation results
方案Program SAIFI/(fr/syst.cust)SAIFI/(fr/syst.cust) SAIDI/(hr/syst.cust)SAIDI/(hr/syst.cust) ENS/(kWh)ENS/(kWh)
II 0.658750.65875 3.293753.29375 9535.009535.00
IIII 0.658750.65875 2.378752.37875 6733.006733.00
IIIIII 0.658750.65875 0.946040.94604 2435.332,435.33
相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件；The same or similar reference numbers correspond to the same or similar parts;
附图中描述位置关系的用于仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；The description of the positional relationship in the drawings is only for illustrative purposes, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the patent;
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are merely examples to clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is unnecessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A method for improving the power supply reliability of a distribution network based on an intelligent soft switch is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
    S1：根据选定的配电***，输入线路参数、负荷水平、网络拓扑连接关系，***运行电压水平和支路电流限制，智能软开关接入位置、容量、损耗系数、故障侧节点电压约束、节点相角约束值，***各支路年均故障次数、故障修复时长、分段开关动作时间、联络开关动作时间、智能软开关恢复供电时间，***基准电压和基准功率初值；S1: According to the selected distribution system, input line parameters, load level, network topology connection relationship, system operating voltage level and branch current limit, intelligent soft switch access position, capacity, loss coefficient, fault side node voltage constraints, Node phase angle constraint value, the average annual number of failures of each branch of the system, failure repair time, segment switch action time, contact switch action time, intelligent soft switch restoration time, system reference voltage and reference power initial value;
    S2：依据配电***结构及参数，建立基于智能软开关的有源配电网供电恢复模型，针对每一条支路发生故障的情况，采用智能软开关对失电区域进行供电恢复，得到不同支路故障情况下的各节点供电恢复情况；S2: According to the structure and parameters of the distribution system, establish an active distribution network power supply restoration model based on smart soft switches. In response to the failure of each branch, use smart soft switches to restore power to the power-loss area and obtain different branches. The power restoration of each node in the case of a circuit failure;
    S3：根据供电恢复结果，将停电负荷节点分为三类：①只能通过故障支路修复才能恢复供电的负荷节点；②故障清除后立即由主电源恢复供电的负荷节点；③故障清除后通过智能软开关恢复供电的负荷节点；S3: According to the results of power restoration, the power failure load nodes are divided into three categories: ①load nodes that can only be restored to power supply by repairing the faulty branch; ②load nodes whose power is restored by the main power supply immediately after the fault is cleared; ③pass after the fault is cleared Load node where the intelligent soft switch restores power supply;
    S4：依据不同故障情况下各负荷节点的供电恢复状态，生成故障关联矩阵A、B、C，计算各负荷节点的可靠性参数，包括节点年均停电频率、节点年均停电时间、节点年均电量不足向量；S4: According to the power restoration status of each load node under different fault conditions, generate the fault correlation matrix A, B, C, and calculate the reliability parameters of each load node, including the average annual power outage frequency of the node, the average annual power outage time of the node, and the average annual node Low battery vector;
    S5：根据各负荷节点的可靠性参数，计算配电***供电可靠性指标，包括***年均停电频率指标、***年均断电时长指标、***年均电量不足指标。S5: Calculate the power supply reliability index of the distribution system according to the reliability parameters of each load node, including the system's average annual power outage frequency index, the system's annual average outage duration index, and the system's annual average power shortage index.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中生成故障关联矩阵A的方法为：The method for improving power supply reliability of a distribution network based on intelligent soft switching according to claim 1, wherein the method for generating a fault incidence matrix A in step S4 is:
    A为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 A is a matrix of N L × N N , N L is the number of system branches, and N N is the number of system nodes, where
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100001
    式中，k、l分别为***支路编号和节点编号。In the formula, k and l are the system branch number and node number respectively.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中生成故障关联矩阵B的方法为：The method for improving power supply reliability of a distribution network based on intelligent soft switching according to claim 2, wherein the method for generating a fault incidence matrix B in step S4 is:
    B为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 B is a N L × N N matrix, N L is the number of system branches, N N is the number of system nodes, where
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100002
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中生成故障关联矩阵C的方法为：The method for improving power supply reliability of a distribution network based on intelligent soft switching according to claim 3, wherein the method for generating a fault incidence matrix C in step S4 is:
    C为一个N L×N N的矩阵，N L为***支路数，N N为***节点数，其中 C is a matrix of N L × N N , N L is the number of system branches, and N N is the number of system nodes, where
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100003
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中计算节点年均停电频率的过程是：The method for improving power supply reliability of a distribution network based on smart soft switching according to claim 4, wherein the process of calculating the average annual power outage frequency of a node in step S4 is:
    λ b＝λ l×(A+B+C) λ b =λ l ×(A+B+C)
    式中，λ b为节点年均停电频率向量；λ l为支路年均故障次数向量。 In the formula, λ b is the vector of the average annual power failure frequency of the node; λ l is the vector of the average annual number of failures of the branch.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中计算节点年均停电时间的过程是：The method for improving power supply reliability of a distribution network based on intelligent soft switching according to claim 5, wherein the process of calculating the average annual power outage time of a node in the step S4 is:
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100004
    式中，T b为节点年均停电时间向量；λ l为支路年均故障次数向量；t l为故障支路的修复时间向量；t sw为隔离开关切除故障支路的动作时间向量；t op为智能软开关投入供电恢复的动作时间向量；ο为Hadamard算子，表示两个矩阵对应位置元素相乘。 In the formula, T b is the average annual power outage time vector of the node; λ l is the average annual failure frequency vector of the branch; t l is the repair time vector of the faulty branch; t sw is the action time vector of the isolation switch to remove the faulty branch; t op is the action time vector when the smart soft switch is powered on and restored; ο is the Hadamard operator, which represents the multiplication of the corresponding position elements of the two matrices.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基于智能软开关的配电网供电可靠性提升方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4中计算节点年均电量不足的过程是：The method for improving power supply reliability of a distribution network based on smart soft switching according to claim 6, wherein the process of insufficient annual average power of the computing node in step S4 is:
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2019078218-appb-100005
    式中，L b为节点年均电量不足向量；T b为节点年均停电时间向量；P LOAD为节点有功负荷向量；ο为Hadamard算子，表示两个矩阵对应位置元素相乘。 In the formula, L b is the node's annual average power shortage vector; T b is the node's annual average power outage time vector; P LOAD is the node's active load vector; ο is the Hadamard operator, which represents the multiplication of the corresponding position elements of the two matrices.
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