WO2020136304A1 - Method for constructing and finishing jointless, waterproof external and internal surfaces that are resistant to climatic changes - Google Patents

Method for constructing and finishing jointless, waterproof external and internal surfaces that are resistant to climatic changes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020136304A1
WO2020136304A1 PCT/ES2019/070893 ES2019070893W WO2020136304A1 WO 2020136304 A1 WO2020136304 A1 WO 2020136304A1 ES 2019070893 W ES2019070893 W ES 2019070893W WO 2020136304 A1 WO2020136304 A1 WO 2020136304A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plates
finishing
coating
external
application
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2019/070893
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rafael SARASOLA SÁNCHEZ-CASTILLO
Original Assignee
Sarasola Sanchez Castillo Rafael
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sarasola Sanchez Castillo Rafael filed Critical Sarasola Sanchez Castillo Rafael
Publication of WO2020136304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020136304A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the construction and finishing of external and internal surfaces such as covers, studs or other surfaces, without joints, and with the particularity of being waterproof and resistant to climatic changes.
  • the technical field in which the present invention is inscribed falls within the industrial sector dedicated to construction in general, and more particularly to the field of coating and surface protection in buildings or other constructions, with a degree of finish. preset.
  • fiber cement-based plates prepared to be fixed, by means of nails or screws, to a previously installed frame or frame made of wood or steel, as appropriate.
  • the main objective of the present invention is a procedure for the construction and finishing of external or internal surfaces in any type of construction, with any shape or profile, without joints, waterproof and resistant to climatic changes, for which panels of the type of those made from fiber cement, especially a lightened cement plate, obtained by a continuous process and from a mixture of Portfand cement with a layer of fiberglass and polymorphic coating on both sides (that is, the external face and the internal face according to the position of use), with fine-tuned longitudinal edges and a smooth and robust finish thanks to the provision of a double mesh covering and flexible fiberglass tape.
  • the edges of the plate are straight and as a whole, it offers a smooth and resistant support for laying ceramic tiles, glass mosaics and brick or stone materials, as well as the possibility of being smoothed for the application of other types. of finish that allows obtaining a surface ready to be painted.
  • the covering plates or panels according to the invention can be fastened to previously assembled structures at the installation site, either made of wood or metal, with the use of screws with variable characteristics.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a support plate according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows several schematic views, in plan, of corresponding to possible examples of ways of using the plate of Figures 1, and
  • Figure 3 illustrates various phases of the assembly process of the covering plates on a support structure with a curved-convex end.
  • the present invention is directed to a constructive procedure, in particular for the surface coating of roofs, facades and interiors, free of joints, after the application of the paint treatment, with the use of plates made of lightweight, fiber-reinforced cement, with such flexibility that it can be adapted to any shape of the surface to which they are applied with small radii of curvature and without breaks or cracks, and above all without deformation.
  • the procedure makes use, as mentioned, of fiber-reinforced cement plates, according to the representation that appears in Figure 1 of the drawings.
  • the plate generally indicated by numerical reference 1 is obtained by a continuous cycle, and consists of a mixture of Portiand cement with fibers, such that one of the faces 1a of the plate (for example, the face external) incorporates a reinforcement layer based on fiberglass and polymeric coating, while the other side 1 b of the plate (for example, the inner side) is reinforced with a special fiberglass fabric.
  • the perimeter edge 2 of plate 1 is sharpened and the end edges of ia plate are straight.
  • the optimal thickness of the plate 1 is comprised in a range of 10 to 13 mm, preferably of the order of 12.5 mm, which allows the plate to be extremely flexible and capable of adapting to any curvature or configuration of the surface to be coated, up to a minimum radius of the order of 15 mm, without breaks or cracks and, as has been said, without deformation.
  • the plate provides a smooth surface capable of receiving the corresponding treatments in cast iron of the different finishes that you want to provide to the coating.
  • Figure 1 shows the plate 1 advantageously curved, to graphically illustrate the mentioned flexibility characteristic.
  • a plate for surface coatings conceived in accordance with the preceding description, provides a multitude of practical advantages over other systems of the state of the art.
  • a plate for surface coatings conceived in accordance with the preceding description, provides a multitude of practical advantages over other systems of the state of the art.
  • the deterioration of the plate in the presence of water is avoided, which provides it with high durability in environments saturated with humidity, high temperatures and also in the presence of continuous frost.
  • the plate 1 can be fixed by means of screws to any previous structure, metal or wood, that defines the skeleton in the way to be carried out.
  • the screws used can be of variable length depending on the thickness of the plate, and those of the self-tapping type and resistant to corrosion are preferred.
  • Figure 2 illustrates various ways of using the plates or covering elements constructed as explained above.
  • the graphic illustrations show a first representation, indicated as (a), in which a structure consisting of support pillars appears, indicated by numerical reference 3 in successive positions that follow approximately a semicircle, with the concavity towards the outside, the Adjacent studs separated from each other by a predetermined distance V.
  • the uprights 3 take the shape of a "C *" and have those of one half of the semicircle orientation opposite to those of the other half.
  • the connection between the plate 1 and the uprights 3 of the support structure is carried out, for example, as has been said, by means of screws.
  • Illustration (b) presents an example of construction also in the form of a semicircle, inverted with respect to the representation (1), that is, with the convexity towards the outside.
  • the position of the uprights 3 determines the development and the curvature to which the plate 1 must adapt, following a pre-established radius of curvature.
  • the representation indicated as (c) shows the formation of a separating element, as a dividing wall, obtained by using two plates 1 with the same characteristics attached to the corresponding uprights 3 on both sides of the latter, following both plates 1 developments stand apart separated by the dimension of the uprights 3 themselves.
  • the wooden or metal uprights 3 are installed as described, fixing them to the floor slab 4 of the construction (or any other support) preferably using metal plugs (not visible in the Figure) or other comparable means, and with their lower ends inserted in a previously installed rail 7 that faithfully follows the path of the profile of the surface to be coated.
  • the placement of the number of uprights 3 and the distance between them is a function of the profile that the support structure follows, and in any case, the distance between uprights must be such that when applying the cement board on such uprights, the shape of said support is faithfully reproduced.
  • the plates are attached to the skeleton provided by the uprights 3 according to the profile of the surface to be coated, with the help of screws 5 that are screwed to said studs 3.
  • a smoothing putty is applied to the surface of the plates, being the cement-type putty, to create a smooth bonding layer that then allows the correct application of paint.
  • the next step is to apply an epoxy-type coating to provide good adhesive behavior as a primer for flooring and paving.
  • the primer is of a type with a very low solvent content, of low viscosity, of which they are marketed in the form of two components (resin and hardener) for ossified nets, and that depending on the porosity and absorption of the support, allow to be diluted with the incorporation of an appropriate solvent, improving the penetration of the product into the support and thereby increasing adhesion.
  • the next operation consists of sanding the entire surface to make it smooth and ready for the next stage of paint application, preferably a polyurethane paint consisting of a polyurethane-polyaspartic hybrid polymer based on reagents derived from aspartic acid that offers moderate reactivity and is used which is exempt from the problems associated with other materials of the current art intended for equivalent applications, as is the case of paints based on polyfundonal amines.
  • This type of paint therefore provides a series of advantages, among which the following are worth mentioning: it provides a hard and resistant coating with a single application;
  • the last stage of the finishing process consists in the application of a finishing coat, either matt or glossy, in the base of each application or of each particular preference.
  • the paint used for this final coat consists of a high-performance resin, based on aliphatic monocomponent polyurethane, which cures with environmental humidity, providing hard, tough and flexible coatings at the same time, with high resistance to abrasion, scratching, outside and UV radiation. It also has a very high resistance to chemical agents, in addition to not yellowing due to exposure to UV rays.
  • the paint can be colorless or it can be colored with a paste of the desired color or it can also be purchased with a standard coloring.
  • the invention is particularly applicable in the industrial construction sector in general, for the coating of external or internal surfaces with characteristics of impermeability, free of joints and resistance to climate changes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Described is a method for constructing and finishing external or internal surfaces by means of cladding with continuously produced plates (1) of lightweight fibre-reinforced cement, with high flexibility and capacity to follow any shape or configuration imposed by a supporting structure. The plates can be fastened to a framework formed by a multiplicity of wood or metal uprights (3) previously secured to a floor or supporting structure (4), accurately following the path of the surface to be cladded, guided by a rail (7), wherein fastening to the uprights by means of self-threading screws (5). The external surface of the cladding undergoes a succession of finishing operations with an end result of fast curing, moisture resistance and UV radiation resistance, ending with the application of a colourless or coloured matte or gloss resin paint.

Description

“PROCEPIMIENTO DE CONSTRUCCIÓN Y ACABADO DE SUPERFICIES EXTERNAS E INTERNAS SIN JUNTAS, IMPERMEABLES Y RESISTENTES A LOS CAMBIOS “CONSTRUCTION AND FINISHING PROCESS FOR EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL SURFACES WITHOUT JOINTS, WATERPROOF AND RESISTANT TO CHANGES
CLIMÁTICOS” CLIMATIC ”
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
Campo técnico de la Invención Technical field of the invention
La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento para la construcción y acabado de superficies externas e internas tales como cubiertas, tachadas u otras superficies, sin juntas, y con la particularidad de ser impermeables y resistentes a los cambios climáticos. The present invention relates to a process for the construction and finishing of external and internal surfaces such as covers, studs or other surfaces, without joints, and with the particularity of being waterproof and resistant to climatic changes.
El campo técnico en el que se inscribe la presente Invención se encuentra comprendido dentro del sector industrial dedicado a la construcción en general, y de forma más particular al campo del revestimiento y la protección de superficies en edificios u otras construcciones, con un grado de acabado preestablecido. The technical field in which the present invention is inscribed falls within the industrial sector dedicated to construction in general, and more particularly to the field of coating and surface protection in buildings or other constructions, with a degree of finish. preset.
Antecedentes de la Invención Background of the Invention
Se conoce en el estado de la técnica el hecho de recubrir las superficies de las edificaciones con vistas a obtener algún tipo de beneficio tanto desde el punto de vista estético como desde el punto de vista de la protección y la habitabilidad del Inmueble. Agentes extemos tales como las radicaciones UV, la humedad, la lluvia, o simplemente el paso del tiempo afectan a las superficies de la edificación (fachadas, techos, suelos, etc.) y por lo tanto resulta práctico y deseable proteger tales superficies con el fin de evitar, o al menos retrasar en la medida de lo posible, los efectos adversos derivados del paso del tiempo. It is known in the state of the art the fact of covering the surfaces of buildings with a view to obtaining some kind of benefit both from the aesthetic point of view and from the point of view of the protection and habitability of the Property. External agents such as UV radiation, humidity, rain, or simply the passage of time affect building surfaces (facades, ceilings, floors, etc.) and therefore it is practical and desirable to protect such surfaces with the In order to avoid, or at least delay as far as possible, the adverse effects derived from the passage of time.
Ya se conoce en el estado de la técnica el hecho de proteger dichas superficies mediante la aplicación de elementos de recubrimiento sobre las zonas de interés. Las características de los revestimientos actuales dependen generalmente del soporte sobre el que se vayan a aplicar. En su mayor parte, los revestimientos actuales están fabricados a base de resinas dado que este material aporta beneficios tales como elasticidad, impermeabilidad y durabilidad. Así, la elección del revestimiento a utilizar en cada caso depende de factores tales como el tipo de materiales usados en la construcción de la superficie a recubrir, la zona geográfica y la climatología del lugar o incluso el estado previo en el que se encuentre la superficie a proteger. It is already known in the state of the art to protect these surfaces by applying coating elements on the areas of interest. The characteristics of current coatings generally depend on the support on which they are to be applied. For the most part, current coatings are made from resins since this material provides benefits such as elasticity, impermeability and durability. Thus, the choice of the coating to be used in each case depends on factors such as the type of materials used in the construction of the surface to be coated, the geographical area and the weather of the place or even the previous state where the surface to be protected is located.
También se conoce en el estado de la técnica la utilización de otros materiales para la fabricación de componentes y elementos de recubrimiento. Tal es el caso de los paneles a base de PVC, preparados para encajar unos con otros mediante uniones encastrables, con la particularidad de que las características del material usado en estos paneles permiten que durante las operaciones de colocación sobre la superficie a revestir, se puedan cortar fácilmente las partes sobrantes y ajustarlas a las formas y tamaños deseados. The use of other materials for the manufacture of components and covering elements is also known in the state of the art. Such is the case of PVC-based panels, prepared to fit together by means of built-in joints, with the particularity that the characteristics of the material used in these panels allow that during the laying operations on the surface to be coated, they can be Easily cut off excess parts and adjust them to desired shapes and sizes.
Adicionalmente, se conoce la utilización de placas a base de fibrocemento, preparadas para ser fijadas, mediante clavos o tomillos, a un marco o bastidor previamente instalado de madera o de acero, según convenga. Additionally, it is known to use fiber cement-based plates, prepared to be fixed, by means of nails or screws, to a previously installed frame or frame made of wood or steel, as appropriate.
La diversidad de revestimientos usados el estado de la técnica y mencionados de forma somera en lo que antecede, cumplen con muchas de las fundones y necesidades para las que fueron diseñados, aunque no por ello están exentos de determinados inconvenientes que sería deseable subsanar. Entre esos Inconvenientes se puede dtar, a título de ejemplo, los tiempos de montaje, la dificultad de aplicar determinados tipos de acabado al recubrimiento, la necesidad de un mantenimiento apropiado y, sobre todo, la incapacidad de los revestimientos actuales para adaptarse con exactitud a cualquier forma o configuración que presente la superficie a recubrir. The diversity of coatings used in the state of the art and briefly mentioned above, meet many of the features and needs for which they were designed, although they are not exempt from certain drawbacks that it would be desirable to overcome. These drawbacks include, for example, assembly times, the difficulty of applying certain types of finish to the coating, the need for proper maintenance and, above all, the inability of current coatings to adapt exactly to any shape or configuration of the surface to be coated.
Breve descripción de la Invención Brief description of the invention
La presente invención se ha propuesto como objetivo principal un procedimiento de construcción y acabado de superficies externas o intemas en cualquier tipo de construcción, con cualquier forma o perfil, sin juntas, impermeables y resistentes a los cambios climáticos, para lo cual se utilizan paneles del tipo de los fabricados a base de fibrocemento, en especial una placa de cemento aligerado, obtenida mediante un proceso continuo y a partir de una mezcla de cemento Portfand con una capa de fibra de vidrio y revestimiento pollmórico por ambas caras (es decir, la cara externa y la cara interna según la posición de uso), con los bordes longitudinales afinados y acabado liso y robusto merced a la provisión de un doble recubrimiento con malla y cinta flexible de fibra de vidrio. Los bordes de la placa son rectos y en su conjunto, ofrece un soporte liso y resistente para la colocación de revestimientos cerámicos, mosaicos de vidrio y revestimientos de ladrillo o materiales pétreos, así como la posibilidad de poder ser alisado para la aplicación de otros tipos de acabado que permitan obtener una superficie lista para ser pintada. Las placas o paneles de recubrimiento según la Invención pueden ser sujetadas a estructuras previamente montadas en el lugar de instalación, ya sean de madera o bien metálicas, con la utilización de tomillos de características variables. The main objective of the present invention is a procedure for the construction and finishing of external or internal surfaces in any type of construction, with any shape or profile, without joints, waterproof and resistant to climatic changes, for which panels of the type of those made from fiber cement, especially a lightened cement plate, obtained by a continuous process and from a mixture of Portfand cement with a layer of fiberglass and polymorphic coating on both sides (that is, the external face and the internal face according to the position of use), with fine-tuned longitudinal edges and a smooth and robust finish thanks to the provision of a double mesh covering and flexible fiberglass tape. The edges of the plate are straight and as a whole, it offers a smooth and resistant support for laying ceramic tiles, glass mosaics and brick or stone materials, as well as the possibility of being smoothed for the application of other types. of finish that allows obtaining a surface ready to be painted. The covering plates or panels according to the invention can be fastened to previously assembled structures at the installation site, either made of wood or metal, with the use of screws with variable characteristics.
Breve descripción de loe dibujos Brief description of the drawings
Estas y otras características y ventajas de la invención se pondrán más claramente de manifiesto a partir de la descripción detallada que sigue de una forma de realización preferida de la misma, dada únicamente a título de ejemplo ilustrativo y sin carácter imitativo alguno con referencia a los dibujos que se acompañan, en los que: These and other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, given solely by way of illustrative example and not by way of imitation with reference to the drawings. which are accompanied, in which:
La Figura 1 es una vista esquemática, en perspectiva, de un ejemplo de realización de placa de soporte confórme a la invención; FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a support plate according to the invention;
La Figura 2 muestra varias vistas esquemáticas, en planta, de correspondientes a posibles ejemplos de formas de uso de la placa de la Figuras 1 , y Figure 2 shows several schematic views, in plan, of corresponding to possible examples of ways of using the plate of Figures 1, and
La Figura 3 Ilustra varias fases del proceso de montaje de las placas de recubrimiento sobre una estructura de soporte con extremo curvo-convexo. Figure 3 illustrates various phases of the assembly process of the covering plates on a support structure with a curved-convex end.
Descripción de una forma de realización preferida Description of a preferred embodiment
Tal y como se ha definido con anterioridad, la presente invención está dirigida a un procedimiento constructivo, en particular para el recubrimiento superficial de cubiertas, fachadas e interiores, exento de juntas, después de la aplicación del tratamiento de pintura, con la utilización de placas de cemento aligerado, reforzado con fibras, dotadas de una flexibilidad tal que le permiten adaptarse a cualquier forma de la superficie a la que se apliquen con radios de curvatura reducidos y sin roturas ni grietas, y sobre todo sin deformarse. Para ello, el procedimiento hace uso, como se ha dicho, de placas de cemento reforzado con fibras, conforme a la representación que aparece en la Figura 1 de los dibujos. En esencia, la placa indicada en general mediante la referencia numérica 1 , se obtiene mediante un ciclo continuo, y consiste en una mezcla de cemento Portiand con fibras, de tal modo que una de las caras 1a de la placa (por ejemplo, la cara externa) incorpora una capa de refuerzo a base de fibra de vidrio y revestimiento polimérico, mientras la otra cara 1 b de la placa (por ejemplo, la cara intema) está reforzada con un tejido especial de fibra de vidrio. El borde perimetral 2 de la placa 1 está afinado y los bordes extremos de ia placa son rectos. As defined above, the present invention is directed to a constructive procedure, in particular for the surface coating of roofs, facades and interiors, free of joints, after the application of the paint treatment, with the use of plates made of lightweight, fiber-reinforced cement, with such flexibility that it can be adapted to any shape of the surface to which they are applied with small radii of curvature and without breaks or cracks, and above all without deformation. For this, the procedure makes use, as mentioned, of fiber-reinforced cement plates, according to the representation that appears in Figure 1 of the drawings. In essence, the plate generally indicated by numerical reference 1, is obtained by a continuous cycle, and consists of a mixture of Portiand cement with fibers, such that one of the faces 1a of the plate (for example, the face external) incorporates a reinforcement layer based on fiberglass and polymeric coating, while the other side 1 b of the plate (for example, the inner side) is reinforced with a special fiberglass fabric. The perimeter edge 2 of plate 1 is sharpened and the end edges of ia plate are straight.
Confórme a las pruebas prácticas realizadas, se ha determinado que, con preferencia, el espesor óptimo de la placa 1 está comprendido en un rango de 10 a 13 mm, con preferencia del orden de 12,5 mm, lo que permite que la placa resulte extremadamente flexible y con capacidad para adaptarse a cualquier curvatura o configuración de la superficie a recubrir, hasta un radio mínimo del orden de 15 mm, sin roturas ni grietas y, según se ha dicho, sin deformarse. According to the practical tests carried out, it has been determined that, preferably, the optimal thickness of the plate 1 is comprised in a range of 10 to 13 mm, preferably of the order of 12.5 mm, which allows the plate to be extremely flexible and capable of adapting to any curvature or configuration of the surface to be coated, up to a minimum radius of the order of 15 mm, without breaks or cracks and, as has been said, without deformation.
Adicionalmente, la placa proporciona una superficie lisa susceptible de recibir los tratamientos que correspondan en fundón de los distintos acabados que se desee proporcionar al revestimiento. La Figura 1 muestra la placa 1 ventajosamente curvada, para ilustrar gráficamente la característica de flexibilidad mencionada. Additionally, the plate provides a smooth surface capable of receiving the corresponding treatments in cast iron of the different finishes that you want to provide to the coating. Figure 1 shows the plate 1 advantageously curved, to graphically illustrate the mentioned flexibility characteristic.
Una placa para revestimientos superficiales concebida conforme a la descripdón que antecede, proporciona una multipliddad de ventajas prácticas frente a otros sistemas del estado de la técnica. Así, al consistir en una mezcla de cemento reforzado con fibras ligeras y carecer de componentes tales como yeso, celulosa y amianto, se evita el deterioro de la placa en presencia de agua, lo que le proporciona una alta durabilidad en entornos saturados de humedad, altas temperaturas y también ante la presencia continua de heladas. A plate for surface coatings conceived in accordance with the preceding description, provides a multitude of practical advantages over other systems of the state of the art. Thus, by consisting of a mixture of cement reinforced with light fibers and lacking components such as gypsum, cellulose and asbestos, the deterioration of the plate in the presence of water is avoided, which provides it with high durability in environments saturated with humidity, high temperatures and also in the presence of continuous frost.
También, hay que hacer mención a facilidad de montaje de la placa 1 dado que la misma puede ser fijada mediante tomillos a cualquier estructura previa, metálica o de madera, que defina el esqueleto de la forma que se ha de realizar. Como se comprenderá, los tomillos utilizados pueden ser de longitud variable en función del espesor de la placa, y se prefieren los de tipo autorroscante, y resistentes a la corrosión. Also, mention should be made of the ease of mounting the plate 1 since it can be fixed by means of screws to any previous structure, metal or wood, that defines the skeleton in the way to be carried out. As will be understood, the screws used can be of variable length depending on the thickness of the plate, and those of the self-tapping type and resistant to corrosion are preferred.
La Figura 2 ilustra varias formas de uso de las placas o elementos de recubrimiento construidos según se ha explicado con anterioridad. Las ilustraciones gráficas muestran una primera representación, indicada como (a), en la que aparece una estructura constituida por montantes de soporte, indicados mediante la referencia numérica 3 en posiciones sucesivas que siguen aproximadamente una semicircunferencia, con la concavidad hada el exterior, estando los montantes contiguos separados entre sí por una distancia V predeterminada. Los montantes 3 adoptan forma de“C* y tienen los de una mitad de la semicircunferencia orientación opuestas a los de la otra mitad. La vinculación entre la placa 1 y los montantes 3 de la estructura de soporte se realiza por ejemplo, según se ha dicho, mediante tomillos. La Ilustración (b) presenta un ejemplo de construcción asimismo en forma de semicircunferencia, invertida con respecto a la representación (1), es decir con la convexidad hacia el exterior. La posición de los montantes 3 determina el desarrollo y la curvatura a la que debe adaptarse la placa 1, siguiendo un radio de curvatura preestablecido. Figure 2 illustrates various ways of using the plates or covering elements constructed as explained above. The graphic illustrations show a first representation, indicated as (a), in which a structure consisting of support pillars appears, indicated by numerical reference 3 in successive positions that follow approximately a semicircle, with the concavity towards the outside, the Adjacent studs separated from each other by a predetermined distance V. The uprights 3 take the shape of a "C *" and have those of one half of the semicircle orientation opposite to those of the other half. The connection between the plate 1 and the uprights 3 of the support structure is carried out, for example, as has been said, by means of screws. Illustration (b) presents an example of construction also in the form of a semicircle, inverted with respect to the representation (1), that is, with the convexity towards the outside. The position of the uprights 3 determines the development and the curvature to which the plate 1 must adapt, following a pre-established radius of curvature.
Por último, la representación indicada como (c) muestra la formación de un elemento separador, a modo de pared divisoria, obtenido mediante la utilización de dos placas 1 de las mismas características fijadas a los montantes 3 correspondientes por ambos lados de estos últimos, siguiendo ambas placas 1 desarrollos páratelos separados por la dimensión de los propios montantes 3. Finally, the representation indicated as (c) shows the formation of a separating element, as a dividing wall, obtained by using two plates 1 with the same characteristics attached to the corresponding uprights 3 on both sides of the latter, following both plates 1 developments stand apart separated by the dimension of the uprights 3 themselves.
Una vez descritas las características estructurales y operativas de la placa de cemento aligerado reforzado con fibras usada en la presente invención, se va a realizar una exposición de la secuencia de montaje y construcción de la presente Invención, hasta el eventual acabado final de la instalación. Esta descripción se va a realizar a partir de las tres representaciones que se muestran en la Figura 3 de los dibujos, cada una de ellas indicada respectivamente como (d), (e) y (f). Once the structural and operational characteristics of the fiber reinforced lightweight cement board used in the present invention have been described, an exposition of the assembly and construction sequence of the present invention will be carried out, until the eventual final finish of the installation. This description will be made from the three representations shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, each indicated respectively as (d), (e) and (f).
Para ello, según muestra la representación (d), se procede a la instalación de los montantes 3, de madera o metálicos según se ha descrito, fijándolos al forjado 4 de la construcción (u otro soporte cualquiera) preferentemente mediante tacos metálicos (no visibles en la Figura) u otros medios equiparables, y con sus extremos inferiores introducidos en un carril 7 previamente instalado que sigue fielmente el recorrido del perfil de la superficie que se desea revestir. La colocación del número de montantes 3 y la distancia entre los mismos está en función del perfil que sigua la estructura de soporte, y en cualquier caso, la distancia entre montantes debe ser tal que permita que al aplicar la placa de cemento sobre tales montantes, se reproduzca fielmente la forma de dicho soporte. To do this, as shown in representation (d), the wooden or metal uprights 3 are installed as described, fixing them to the floor slab 4 of the construction (or any other support) preferably using metal plugs (not visible in the Figure) or other comparable means, and with their lower ends inserted in a previously installed rail 7 that faithfully follows the path of the profile of the surface to be coated. The placement of the number of uprights 3 and the distance between them is a function of the profile that the support structure follows, and in any case, the distance between uprights must be such that when applying the cement board on such uprights, the shape of said support is faithfully reproduced.
En la fase siguiente, tal y como muestra la representación (e), se procede a fijar las placas al esqueleto proporcionado por los montantes 3 de acuerdo con el perfil de la superficie a recubrir, con la ayuda de tomillos 5 que se atorillan a dichos montantes 3. In the following phase, as shown in representation (e), the plates are attached to the skeleton provided by the uprights 3 according to the profile of the surface to be coated, with the help of screws 5 that are screwed to said studs 3.
En una fase posterior, a la que se refiere la representación identificada como (f) en la Figura 3, se realiza un revestimiento previo de las juntas con una cinta 6 específica para esta aplicación. Se prefiere la cinta comercial de fibra de vidrio, aunque se comprenderá que pueden ser utilizadas cintas de otro tipo en función de aplicaciones particulares. In a later phase, to which the representation identified as (f) in the Figure 3, a pre-coating of the joints is made with a tape 6 specific for this application. Commercial fiberglass tape is preferred, although it will be understood that other types of tape may be used depending on particular applications.
En la etapa siguiente se procede a aplicar sobre la superficie de las placas una masilla de alisado, siendo la masilla de tipo cementoso, para crear una capa lisa de agarre que permita después la correcta aplicación de la pintura. In the following stage, a smoothing putty is applied to the surface of the plates, being the cement-type putty, to create a smooth bonding layer that then allows the correct application of paint.
La siguiente etapa consiste en aplicar un revestimiento de tipo epoxi para proporcionar un buen comportamiento adhesivo como imprimación para el revestimiento de suelos y pavimentos. La imprimación es de un tipo con un contenido muy bajo de disolventes, de baja viscosidad, de los que se comercializan en forma de dos componentes (resina y endurecedor) p red osificados, y que en función de la porosidad y absorción del soporte admita ser diluido con la incorporación de un disolvente apropiado, mejorando la penetración del producto en el soporte y aumentando con ello la adherencia. The next step is to apply an epoxy-type coating to provide good adhesive behavior as a primer for flooring and paving. The primer is of a type with a very low solvent content, of low viscosity, of which they are marketed in the form of two components (resin and hardener) for ossified nets, and that depending on the porosity and absorption of the support, allow to be diluted with the incorporation of an appropriate solvent, improving the penetration of the product into the support and thereby increasing adhesion.
Una vez finalizada la etapa anterior, se procede a aplicar un tratamiento con resina de poliurea bicomponente, de curado rápido y aplicación de membranas elásticas que puentean fisuras. Este producto tiene un comportamiento operativo muy reseñable dada su capacidad de puenteo de fisuras, su alta elasticidad, el curado rápido, y su característica de ser plgmentable.. Once the previous stage is completed, we proceed to apply a treatment with two-component polyurea resin, fast curing and application of elastic membranes that bridge fissures. This product has a very remarkable operating behavior due to its ability to bridge fissures, its high elasticity, fast curing, and its characteristic of being collapsible.
La siguiente operación consiste en lijar toda la superficie para dejarla lisa y preparada para la siguiente etapa de aplicación de pintura, se usa preferentemente una pintura poliuretánlca consistente en un polímero híbrido poliuretano-poliaspártloo a base de reactivos derivados del ácido aspártico que ofrece reactividad moderada y que está exento de los problemas asociados a otros materiales de la técnica actual destinados a aplicaciones equivalentes, como es el caso de las pinturas a base de aminas polifundonales. El empleo de este tipo de pintura proporciona por tanto una serie de ventajas entre las que cabe destacar las siguientes: proporciona un revestimiento duro y resistente con una sola aplicación; The next operation consists of sanding the entire surface to make it smooth and ready for the next stage of paint application, preferably a polyurethane paint consisting of a polyurethane-polyaspartic hybrid polymer based on reagents derived from aspartic acid that offers moderate reactivity and is used which is exempt from the problems associated with other materials of the current art intended for equivalent applications, as is the case of paints based on polyfundonal amines. The use of this type of paint therefore provides a series of advantages, among which the following are worth mentioning: it provides a hard and resistant coating with a single application;
consiste en dos componentes y permite su aplicación a máquina; It consists of two components and allows machine application;
merced a la naturaleza del poliuretano, no amarillea; thanks to the nature of polyurethane, it does not yellow;
su capacidad para retener el brillo y el color es excelente; está prácticamente exento de disolventes y no es inflamable; its ability to retain shine and color is excellent; it is practically free of solvents and is not flammable;
presenta un tiempo de curado corto; it has a short cure time;
tiene propiedades anticorrosivas; it has anticorrosive properties;
asimismo presenta una elevada resistencia a la intemperie; it also has a high resistance to weathering;
cura a bajas temperaturas, y cures at low temperatures, and
proporciona grosores elevados con una sola aplicación. provides high thickness with a single application.
Finalmente, la última etapa del proceso de acabado consiste en la aplicación de una capa de acabado, ya sea mate o ya sea brillante, en fundón de cada aplicadón o de cada preferenda particular. La pintura utilizada para esta capa final consiste en una resina de altas prestadones, a base de poliuretano monocomponente alifático, que cura con la humedad ambiental, proporcionando recubrimientos duros, tenaces y flexibles a la vez, con alta resistencia a la abrasión, al rayado, al exterior y a la radiación UV. Asimismo presenta una resistencia muy alta a los agentes químicos, además de que no amarillea por exposición a los rayos UV. La pintura puede ser incolora o bien puede colorearse con una pasta del color deseado o también ser adquirido con una coloración estándar. Finally, the last stage of the finishing process consists in the application of a finishing coat, either matt or glossy, in the base of each application or of each particular preference. The paint used for this final coat consists of a high-performance resin, based on aliphatic monocomponent polyurethane, which cures with environmental humidity, providing hard, tough and flexible coatings at the same time, with high resistance to abrasion, scratching, outside and UV radiation. It also has a very high resistance to chemical agents, in addition to not yellowing due to exposure to UV rays. The paint can be colorless or it can be colored with a paste of the desired color or it can also be purchased with a standard coloring.
Apllcabllldad Industrial Industrial Apllcabllldad
Tal y como se desprende la descripción que antecede de una forma de realización preferida, la invención es particularmente aplicable en el sector industrial de la construcción en general, para el revestimiento de superficies externas o internas con características de Impermeabilidad, exentas de juntas y resistencia a los cambios climáticos. As is clear from the foregoing description of a preferred embodiment, the invention is particularly applicable in the industrial construction sector in general, for the coating of external or internal surfaces with characteristics of impermeability, free of joints and resistance to Climate changes.
No se considera necesario hacer más extenso el contenido de la presente descripción para que un experto en la materia pueda comprender su alcance y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan, así como llevar a cabo la realización práctica de su objeto. No obstante lo anterior, los expertos en la materia podrán entender y determinar que dentro de la esencialkdad del invento podrán Introducirse múltiples variaciones de detalle, que podrán afectar a las formas, dimensiones y tamaños, sin apartarse por ello del alcance de la Invención según se define mediante las reivindicaciones anexas. It is not considered necessary to make the content of the present description more extensive so that an expert in the matter can understand its scope and the advantages derived from it, as well as carry out the practical realization of its object. Notwithstanding the foregoing, those skilled in the art will be able to understand and determine that within the essential nature of the invention multiple variations of detail may be introduced, which may affect the shapes, dimensions and sizes, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Procedimiento de construcción y acabado de superficies externas e internas sin juntas, impermeables y resistentes a los cambios climáticos, destinado a proporcionar a superficies de construcción tales como fachadas, cubiertas e Interiores un revestimiento protector u ornamental con unas características de acabado predefinidas, caracterizado porque comprende aplicar una multiplicidad de placas de revestimiento (1) sobre la superficie a proteger, fijadas a múltiples de montantes (3), de madera o metálicos, previamente sujetos a la estructura del forjado por medio de tomillos (5), consistiendo tales placas (1) en elementos de recubrimiento obtenidos a partir de una mezcla de cemento Rortland y una capa de fibra de vidrio por cada por cada una de sus caras (1a„ 1b) externa e interna, con bordes afinados, y donde la distribución de los montantes (3) de fijación de las placas de revestimiento (1) están insertados por su extremo inferior en un carril (7) que reproduce fielmente el perfil de la superficie a revestir, 1.- Construction and finishing procedure of external and internal surfaces without joints, waterproof and resistant to climate changes, intended to provide construction surfaces such as facades, roofs and Interiors with a protective or ornamental coating with predefined finishing characteristics, characterized in that it comprises applying a multiplicity of cladding plates (1) on the surface to be protected, fixed to multiple pillars (3), of wood or metal, previously attached to the structure of the slab by means of screws (5), consisting of plates (1) in covering elements obtained from a mixture of Rortland cement and a layer of fiberglass on each of each of its external and internal faces (1a „1b), with sharp edges, and where the distribution of the uprights (3) for fixing the covering plates (1) are inserted at their lower end in a rail (7) that faithfully reproduces the profile of the surface to be coated,
y porque el procedimiento comprende además una sucesión de fases procesales sucesivas para acabado del revestimiento, mediante las que se proporciona a la (1a) externa de las placas (1) un acabado sin juntas, resistente al agua, a los agentes químicos y a la radiación UV. and because the procedure also includes a succession of successive procedural phases for finishing the coating, by means of which the (1a) external of the plates (1) is provided with a seamless finish, resistant to water, chemical agents and radiation UV.
2.- Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el espesor de las placas (1) utilizadas en el revestimiento está comprendido en un rango de 10 a 13 mm. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the plates (1) used in the coating is in the range of 10 to 13 mm.
3.- Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el espesor de las placas (1 ) utilizadas en el revestimiento es de 12,5 mm. 3. Procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the plates (1) used in the coating is 12.5 mm.
4.- Procedimiento según las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque las placas (1) presentan la característica de una elevada flexibilidad que permite la adaptación de las mismas a cualquier recorrido o perfil de la superficie a revestir, con curvaturas variables de hasta 15 cm de radio sin roturas ni grietas. 4.- Procedure according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plates (1) have the characteristic of high flexibility that allows them to adapt to any path or profile of the surface to be coated, with variable curvatures of up to 15 cm radio without breaks or cracks.
5.- Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque las sucesivas fases del proceso de acabado superficial de la cara extema (1a) de las placas (1) aplicadas a la superficie a revestir consisten en: 5. Procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that the successive phases of the surface finishing process of the external face (1a) of the plates (1) applied to the surface to be coated consist of:
- tratamiento de las juntas con la ayuda de un determinado cemento; aplicación de una masilla cementosa para la formación de una capa lisa de agarre para la pintura; - treatment of the joints with the help of a certain cement; application of a cementitious putty to form a smooth bonding layer for the paint;
aplicación de un revestimiento a base de resinas epoxi, especialmente apropiado para proporcionar efectos adhesivos útiles como imprimaciones para el revestimiento de suelos y pavimentos; application of a coating based on epoxy resins, especially suitable to provide useful adhesive effects as primers for flooring and paving;
aplicación de una capa de poliuretano blcomponente, de curado rápido, para la provisión de membranas elásticas que puentean fisuras; application of a fast-curing, blue-component polyurethane layer for the provision of elastic membranes that bridge cracks;
realización de una operación de lijado superficial; performing a surface sanding operation;
aplicación de una capa de pintura poliuretánica de acabado, y applying a coat of polyurethane finish paint, and
aplicación de una pintura consistente en resina a base de poliuretano monocomponente alifático, de tonalidad mate o brillante, ya sea incoloro o ya sea coloreado. application of a paint consisting of resin based on aliphatic monocomponent polyurethane, matt or glossy, either colorless or colored.
PCT/ES2019/070893 2018-12-27 2019-12-27 Method for constructing and finishing jointless, waterproof external and internal surfaces that are resistant to climatic changes WO2020136304A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201831286 2018-12-27
ES201831286A ES2769948A1 (en) 2018-12-27 2018-12-27 CONSTRUCTION AND FINISHING PROCEDURE FOR EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL SURFACES WITHOUT JOINTS, WATERPROOF AND RESISTANT TO CLIMATE CHANGES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020136304A1 true WO2020136304A1 (en) 2020-07-02

Family

ID=71112129

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2019/070893 WO2020136304A1 (en) 2018-12-27 2019-12-27 Method for constructing and finishing jointless, waterproof external and internal surfaces that are resistant to climatic changes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
ES (1) ES2769948A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020136304A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4578915A (en) * 1984-03-12 1986-04-01 National Gypsum Company Exterior wall
ES2212134T3 (en) * 1996-10-16 2004-07-16 James Hardie Research Pty Limited WALL ELEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF THE SAME.
US20060168906A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-08-03 United States Gypsum Company Non-combustible reinforced cementitious lighweight panels and metal frame system for a fire wall and other fire resistive assemblies
WO2006087751A1 (en) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-24 Tec.Inn. S.R.L. Method for reinforcing building structures and coating obtained thereby

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4578915A (en) * 1984-03-12 1986-04-01 National Gypsum Company Exterior wall
ES2212134T3 (en) * 1996-10-16 2004-07-16 James Hardie Research Pty Limited WALL ELEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF THE SAME.
US20060168906A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-08-03 United States Gypsum Company Non-combustible reinforced cementitious lighweight panels and metal frame system for a fire wall and other fire resistive assemblies
WO2006087751A1 (en) * 2005-02-17 2006-08-24 Tec.Inn. S.R.L. Method for reinforcing building structures and coating obtained thereby

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"AQUAPANEL® Cement Board Outdoor", June 2015 (2015-06-01), XP055723323, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.knauf.cl/archivos/AQUAPANEL_Outdoor_ES.pdf> [retrieved on 20160226] *
"PLACA CEMENTICIA VS. PLACA DE FIBROCEMENTO", 12 August 2018 (2018-08-12), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.acedur.com/blog/placa-of-cemento-vs-placa-of-fibrocemento> [retrieved on 20190226] *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2769948A1 (en) 2020-06-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9963885B2 (en) Wall panel
CA2608219C (en) Masonry system
ES2662852T3 (en) Water resistant reinforced board
KR100935095B1 (en) The outer wall insulation materials and the structure
US20170241131A1 (en) System and method for providing exterior insulation and finishing for a building
KR101525825B1 (en) High-strength exterior insulation complex waterproof construction method for fiber reinforced plastics
US20060123736A1 (en) System and method for filling joints between exterior cement panels
EP3365511B1 (en) Insulated wall panel with plurality of aesthetic facing elements
US20060283138A1 (en) Fiber Reinforced Polymer Roof Strengthening Method
WO2020136304A1 (en) Method for constructing and finishing jointless, waterproof external and internal surfaces that are resistant to climatic changes
ES2321393T3 (en) INSULATION AND SEALING PROCEDURE OF SENSITIVELY FLAT RIGHTS.
JP6146244B2 (en) Waterproof structure and waterproofing method for external floor
KR102247690B1 (en) Waterproofing Method and Its Waterproofing Structure of Concrete Structure using Polyurea
KR101607811B1 (en) Triplication Composite waterproofing method
ES2432823B1 (en) Insulating construction panel with easy adhesion and high mechanical resistance, and its application in new and rehabilitation works
WO2021053117A1 (en) Decorative covering for walls of humid environments and/or subject to water jets and process of application thereof
ES2351137B1 (en) MICROCEMENT LAMINATE AND PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING THE SAME.
JP2006291561A (en) Exposed concrete finishing method applied to siding board surface
JP2006213542A (en) Repairing structure and repairing method of building exterior material
WO2023181384A1 (en) Method for protecting concrete column
AU686243B2 (en) Improvements in or relating to preformed building materials
JP2022092267A (en) Method for protecting concrete columnar object
WO2016064164A1 (en) Protection block for protecting exposed waterproof sheet and construction method for protecting exposed waterproof sheet by using protection block
KR20170095094A (en) Roof waterproofing structure using Fiber Reinforced Plastics and its construction method
KR101399632B1 (en) Waterproof method using synthetic rubber waterproof agent

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19905706

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19905706

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1