WO2020134224A1 - System and method for evaluating floatability of particles - Google Patents

System and method for evaluating floatability of particles Download PDF

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WO2020134224A1
WO2020134224A1 PCT/CN2019/106953 CN2019106953W WO2020134224A1 WO 2020134224 A1 WO2020134224 A1 WO 2020134224A1 CN 2019106953 W CN2019106953 W CN 2019106953W WO 2020134224 A1 WO2020134224 A1 WO 2020134224A1
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particles
bubbles
floatability
bubble
evaluating
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PCT/CN2019/106953
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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邢耀文
桂夏辉
张友飞
郭芳余
曹亦俊
丁世豪
刘敏
罗佳倩
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中国矿业大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N2015/1028—Sorting particles

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of particle flotation, in particular to a system and method for evaluating particle floatability.
  • Flotation means that through the difference in surface properties between different particles (mainly the affinity/hydrophobicity difference), in the solid-liquid-gas three-phase system of the slurry, through the selective adhesion between particles of different components and bubbles, the target group is achieved Separation of the remaining components to achieve a method of enriching useful components.
  • the behavior between the particles and bubbles is divided into three stages: in the first stage, the particles collide with the bubbles; in the second stage, after the particles collide with the bubbles, the hydration film between the particles bubbles thins, ruptures, and stabilizes The three-phase periphery is formed; in the third stage, the particles slide along the surface of the bubble and eventually adhere to the surface of the bubble.
  • the induction time the time when the particles come into contact with the bubbles until the hydration film becomes thinner, ruptures, and the stable three-phase periphery is formed is called the induction time.
  • hydrophilic particles it is difficult to form a stable three-phase periphery after collision of particle bubbles, and the particles eventually fall off with the bubbles. Hydrophobic particles are transported through the bubbles to the foam layer and discharged with overflow, while hydrophilic particles enter the underflow.
  • floatability As a mineral surface property that reflects the difficulty of mineral flotation, floatability is widely used in the determination of technical means in the flotation process and the prediction of product properties.
  • contact angle, induction time or flotation kinetics are generally used for individual or comprehensive comparative evaluation.
  • the more accurate judgment parameters of the second and third stages that have a greater impact on the flotation are induction time and desorption behavior.
  • the traditional method only the measurement evaluation of the induction time is considered and the desorption behavior is ignored. From the sub-process of flotation, it can be seen that the combined measurement of adhesion + desorption (ie induction time + desorption behavior) can be used for particles.
  • the judgment characterization of buoyancy is the most accurate.
  • the induction time measuring instrument and the particle bubble desorption measuring instrument are two sets of equipment, which operate independently of each other. In the actual test experiment, two sets of independently operating equipment have a very adverse effect on the consistency of the test sample and its test environment and the simplicity of the test, and greatly occupy the space in the laboratory.
  • the present invention aims to provide a system and method for judging the floatability of particles to solve the problem that the prior art judges the floatability of samples only by the induction time, resulting in inaccurate judgment.
  • the present invention provides a system for evaluating the floatability of particles, including a motion driving unit, a video monitoring unit, and a displacement acquisition unit;
  • the displacement collection unit includes a displacement sensor and a data collection system, the data collection system is connected to the displacement sensor, and the displacement collection unit is used to measure the critical desorption amplitude of particles falling off from bubbles;
  • the motion driving unit is used to drive the particle bubble air flocs to perform simple resonance
  • the video monitoring unit is used to monitor the adhesion state of particles and bubbles. When the particles and bubbles are desorbed, the data collection system collects the critical desorption amplitude.
  • a controller is included, and the controller controls the motion of the motion driving unit.
  • controller has a built-in power amplifier.
  • the video monitoring unit includes a light source and a camera
  • the motion driving unit includes a fixed stage, a displacement stage, a motion stage, and a capillary tube
  • the controller controls the motion of the motion stage and the displacement stage.
  • a bubble generation unit which includes a syringe and a hose, one end of the hose is connected to the syringe, and the other end is connected to the capillary.
  • a stop valve is provided on the hose, and the size of air bubbles is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the stop valve.
  • the present invention also provides a method for evaluating the floatability of particles.
  • the method for evaluating the adhesion behavior of particles and the desorption behavior of particles includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The bubble generation unit generates bubbles
  • Step 2 Adjust the motion drive unit to make the bubble approach the sample
  • Step 3 Gradually increase the contact time between the sample and the air bubble, and monitor the adhesion state through the video monitoring unit.
  • the data collection system collects the data of the induction time
  • Step 4 The motion driving unit drives the sample bubble air flocs to perform simple harmonic motion
  • Step 5 Increase the amplitude of the simple harmonic motion.
  • the data collection system collects the amplitude at this time;
  • Step 6 According to the difference of induction time and amplitude of different particles, judge whether different particles can be separated by flotation.
  • step 5 the vibration frequency is kept constant while increasing the amplitude.
  • the vibration frequency is 20 to 30 Hz.
  • step 1 and step 2 includes adjusting the relative position between the sample and the bubble by adjusting the sample stage.
  • the adhesion between the particles and the air bubbles is good, and the particles are difficult to desorb from the air bubbles, which indicates that the particles have good floatability. If the adhesion between the particles and the bubbles is very good, but the particles are very easy to desorb from the bubbles, it does not prove that the particles have good floatability. Therefore, it is incomplete and inaccurate to judge the floatability of particles only by adhesion (ie, induction time) in the prior art.
  • the present invention uses the two behaviors of adhesion and desorption between particles and bubbles Judgment, that is, judging by the two parameters of induction time and critical desorption amplitude, improves the accuracy of the judgment result and realizes the quantitative evaluation of particle floatability.
  • the present invention realizes the common characterization of bubble induction time and critical desorption amplitude of the same sample under the same external environment (bubble diameter, liquid phase properties, etc.), reduces the impact of changes in the external environment on the experimental results, and improves the test Accuracy.
  • the system uses less equipment, small size, strong operability, saves external space, and has a wide range of use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system for evaluating particle floatability according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a motion driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1-Motion drive unit 2-Light source; 3-High speed camera; 4-Triaxial sample stage; 5-Sample tank; 6-Controller; 7-Computer; 8-Hose; 9-Gas injector; 10-Data acquisition System; 11-displacement sensor; AL type fixed stage; B-displacement stage; C-motion stage; DT type capillary.
  • An embodiment of the present invention discloses a system for evaluating the floatability of particles, including a bubble generating unit, a motion driving unit 1, a video monitoring unit, a displacement collecting unit, and a triaxial sample stage 4.
  • the displacement collection unit includes a displacement sensor 11 and a data collection system 10.
  • the data collection system 10 is connected to the displacement sensor 11.
  • the displacement collection unit is used to measure the critical desorption amplitude of particles falling off from the bubbles.
  • the motion drive unit 1 includes an L-shaped fixed table A, a displacement table B, a motion table C and a T-shaped capillary D.
  • the motion drive unit is used to adjust the distance between the lower end of the bubble and the particle bed on the one hand, and to drive the particle bubble gas on the other hand
  • the flocs do simple harmonic vibration, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the bubble generating unit is used to generate bubbles, and includes a gas injector 9 and a hose 8. One end of the hose 8 is connected to the gas injector 8 and the other end is connected to a T-shaped capillary.
  • the video monitoring unit includes a light source 2 and a high-speed camera 3 for monitoring the adhesion and desorption state of particles and bubbles.
  • the data collection system 10 collects corresponding data according to the adhesion and desorption state.
  • the bubble generation unit generates bubbles, which are driven by the motion drive unit to approach the particles at a constant speed, gradually increasing the contact time between the particles and the bubbles, and the adhesion state is monitored by the video monitoring unit.
  • the data collection system collects the data of the induction time.
  • the motion driving unit drives the particle bubble air flocs to perform simple resonance, increasing the amplitude of the simple resonance.
  • the video monitoring unit detects that the particles are falling off on the surface of the bubble, the data collection system collects the amplitude at this time.
  • the system for evaluating the floatability of particles can test both the adhesion behavior of the flotation particle bubbles and the desorption behavior of the flotation particle bubbles. Specifically, it is possible to measure both the contact time (induction time) when the adhesion between the particles and the bubbles occurs (induction time), and the critical desorption amplitude of the particles from the bubbles.
  • the system for evaluating the floatability of the particles in this embodiment further includes a signal output unit, and the signal output unit includes a controller and a user end, and the user end controls the motion drive through the controller Unit movement.
  • the controller controls the displacement stage B to fine-tune the distance between the lower end of the bubble and the bed of particles, and controls the movement of the movement stage C (movement distance, lifting speed, and contact time at the lowest end) to measure the induction time.
  • the test sensitivity of the induction time is 1ms.
  • the test system of this embodiment is provided with a power amplifier inside the controller to amplify the output power, thereby amplifying the stop time of the motion table C at the lowest end, and thereby improving Test sensitivity of induction time.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a check valve on the hose of the bubble generating unit.
  • a check valve on the hose of the bubble generating unit.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for evaluating the floatability of particles.
  • the method evaluates both the adhesion behavior of particles and the desorption behavior of particles, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 The bubble generation unit generates bubbles
  • Step 2 Adjust the motion drive unit to make the bubble approach the sample
  • Step 3 Gradually increase the contact time between the particles and the bubbles, and monitor the adhesion state through the video monitoring unit.
  • the data collection system collects the data of the induction time
  • Step 4 The motion driving unit drives the particle bubble air flocs to perform simple resonance
  • Step 5 Increase the amplitude of the simple harmonic motion.
  • the data collection system collects the amplitude at this time;
  • Step 6 According to the difference of induction time and amplitude of different particles, judge whether different particles can be separated by flotation.
  • the method for judging the floatability of particles jointly characterizes the floatability of particles from adsorption and desorption, and the judgment result is more accurate.
  • the buoyancy of the particles is quantitatively evaluated by measuring the contact time (induction time) when the adhesion between the particles and the bubbles happens, and the critical desorption amplitude of the particles desorbing from the bubbles.
  • the test results are more accurate.
  • the vibration frequency is controlled to 20-30 Hz. It is preferably 25 Hz.
  • step 2 adjusting the motion driving unit to make the bubble approach the sample is fine-tuning.
  • coarse adjustment is also included before fine adjustment.
  • the relative position between the sample and the air bubble may be adjusted by adjusting the sample stage between step 1 and step 2.
  • the sample tank 5 contains the liquid phase (flotation agent), first put the particles to be tested into the bottom of the sample tank 5 and keep the bed of the particles flat, and place the sample tank 5 containing the particles to be tested On the three-axis sample stage 4, turn on and adjust the light source 2 and the high-speed camera 3, and manually adjust the relative distance between the particles and the lower end of the T-shaped capillary D through the three-axis sample stage 4, so as to obtain a clear capillary and particle bed on the computer 7 Layer image.
  • the gas injector 9 Through the hose 8 with a stop valve, the gas injector 9 generates bubbles of appropriate size and closes the stop valve.
  • the distance between the lower end of the bubble and the bed of particles is finely adjusted by the displacement platform B on the motion drive unit 1, and the controller 6 is opened. Control the movement of the motion table C (movement distance, lifting speed and stop time at the lowest end) to measure the induction time of the particles. After the particles and bubbles are firmly adhered, the motion table C stops working and the three-axis sample table 4 is adjusted down to make single particles -The bubble polymer is far away from the bed, and then the displacement acquisition unit (displacement sensor 11 and data acquisition system 10) is turned on, and the motion drive unit 1 starts to work. Under the sinusoidal movement of 25 Hz, the critical release of particles from the bubble is obtained by adjusting the capillary vibration amplitude Attached amplitude.
  • the induction time of low-rank coal with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm is measured as 500-1000ms, the critical desorption amplitude is 1-1.5mm; the induction time of anthracite with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm is 100 ⁇ 300ms, the critical desorption amplitude is 1.5 ⁇ 3mm. It can be seen that the induction time and critical desorption amplitude of the low-rank coal and anthracite particles differ greatly, indicating that anthracite coal is more easily trapped by bubbles and has a higher flotation yield than low-rank coal.

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Abstract

A system and method for evaluating the floatability of a particle, relating to the technical field of particle floatation, and solving the problem in the prior art of inaccurate evaluation caused due to the fact that the floatability of samples is evaluated only by means of an induction time period. A test system for floatation particles and bubbles comprises a motion driving unit (1), a video monitoring unit, and a displacement collecting unit; the displacement collecting unit is used for measuring the critical desorption amplitude of the particles falling off from the bubbles; the motion driving unit (1) is used for driving particle flocs and bubble flocs to perform simple harmonic vibration; the video monitoring unit is used for monitoring the adhesion state of the particles and the bubbles; when the particles and the bubbles are desorbed, a data collecting system (10) collects the critical desorption amplitude. A test method comprises: generate the bubbles; the bubbles approach the samples; collect the data of the duration time period; sample flocks and bubble flocks perform simple harmonic vibration; and the data collecting system (10) collects the amplitude at this time. The floatability of the particles is characterized jointly by means of the adhesion and desorption behaviors of the particles and the bubbles, and thus, the accuracy of a test is improved.

Description

一种评判颗粒可浮性的***及方法System and method for evaluating particle floatability 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及颗粒浮选技术领域，尤其涉及一种评判颗粒可浮性的***及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of particle flotation, in particular to a system and method for evaluating particle floatability.
背景技术Background technique
浮选即通过不同颗粒间表面性质差异(主要是亲/疏水性差异)，在矿浆的固-液-气三相体系中，通过不同组分颗粒与气泡间的选择性粘附，实现目的组分与其余组分的分离，从而实现有用组分富集的方法。对于疏水性颗粒，颗粒气泡间的行为分为三个阶段：第一阶段，颗粒与气泡发生碰撞；第二阶段，颗粒与气泡发生碰撞后，颗粒气泡间的水化膜薄化、破裂，稳定三相周边形成；第三阶段，颗粒沿气泡表面滑移，最终粘附于气泡表面。其中，颗粒与气泡开始接触，直至水化膜变薄、破裂且稳定三相周边形成的时间即称为诱导时间。对于亲水性颗粒，颗粒气泡发生碰撞后难以形成稳定的三相周边，颗粒最终与气泡脱落。疏水性颗粒经气泡运输至泡沫层随溢流排出，亲水性颗粒则进入底流。Flotation means that through the difference in surface properties between different particles (mainly the affinity/hydrophobicity difference), in the solid-liquid-gas three-phase system of the slurry, through the selective adhesion between particles of different components and bubbles, the target group is achieved Separation of the remaining components to achieve a method of enriching useful components. For hydrophobic particles, the behavior between the particles and bubbles is divided into three stages: in the first stage, the particles collide with the bubbles; in the second stage, after the particles collide with the bubbles, the hydration film between the particles bubbles thins, ruptures, and stabilizes The three-phase periphery is formed; in the third stage, the particles slide along the surface of the bubble and eventually adhere to the surface of the bubble. Among them, the time when the particles come into contact with the bubbles until the hydration film becomes thinner, ruptures, and the stable three-phase periphery is formed is called the induction time. For hydrophilic particles, it is difficult to form a stable three-phase periphery after collision of particle bubbles, and the particles eventually fall off with the bubbles. Hydrophobic particles are transported through the bubbles to the foam layer and discharged with overflow, while hydrophilic particles enter the underflow.
作为反映矿物浮选难易程度的一种矿物表面性质，可浮性广泛运用于浮选过程中技术手段的确定及产品性质的预测。在传统的可浮性评价手段中，一般用接触角、诱导时间或浮选动力学进行单独或综合的比较评价。然而，在浮选子过程的颗粒-气泡间的相互作用过程中，对浮选较大影响的第二、三阶段的较准确评判参数为诱导时间及脱附行为。在传统的手段中，仅考虑到对于诱导时间的测量评判而忽略了脱附行为，由浮选的子过程可知，粘附+脱附(即诱导时间+脱附行为)的结合测量对于颗粒可浮性的评判表征最为准确。As a mineral surface property that reflects the difficulty of mineral flotation, floatability is widely used in the determination of technical means in the flotation process and the prediction of product properties. In the traditional floatability evaluation method, contact angle, induction time or flotation kinetics are generally used for individual or comprehensive comparative evaluation. However, in the particle-bubble interaction process of the flotation sub-process, the more accurate judgment parameters of the second and third stages that have a greater impact on the flotation are induction time and desorption behavior. In the traditional method, only the measurement evaluation of the induction time is considered and the desorption behavior is ignored. From the sub-process of flotation, it can be seen that the combined measurement of adhesion + desorption (ie induction time + desorption behavior) can be used for particles. The judgment characterization of buoyancy is the most accurate.
在传统的试验装置中，仅有单独的诱导时间测量仪，而缺乏专门的颗粒气泡脱附测量仪。若增加一套单独的颗粒气泡脱附测量仪，则诱导时间测量仪和颗粒气泡脱附测量仪为两套设备，彼此之间独立运行。在实际的测试实验中，两套独立运行的设备，对于试验样品及其测试环境的一致性及试验的简便性均有着极为不利的影响，且极大占用实验室内的空间。In the traditional test equipment, there is only a single induction time measuring instrument, and there is no special particle bubble desorption measuring instrument. If a separate set of particle bubble desorption measuring instrument is added, the induction time measuring instrument and the particle bubble desorption measuring instrument are two sets of equipment, which operate independently of each other. In the actual test experiment, two sets of independently operating equipment have a very adverse effect on the consistency of the test sample and its test environment and the simplicity of the test, and greatly occupy the space in the laboratory.
发明内容Summary of the invention
鉴于上述的分析，本发明旨在提供一种评判颗粒可浮性的***及方法，用以解决现有技术仅通过诱导时间来评判样品的可浮性，导致评判不准确的问题。In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a system and method for judging the floatability of particles to solve the problem that the prior art judges the floatability of samples only by the induction time, resulting in inaccurate judgment.
本发明的目的主要是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved by the following technical solutions:
一方面，本发明提供了一种评判颗粒可浮性的***，包括运动驱动单元、视频监视单元和位移采集单元；In one aspect, the present invention provides a system for evaluating the floatability of particles, including a motion driving unit, a video monitoring unit, and a displacement acquisition unit;
所述位移采集单元包括位移传感器和数据采集***，所述数据采集***与所述位移传感器连接，所述位移采集单元用来测量颗粒从气泡脱落的临界脱附振幅；The displacement collection unit includes a displacement sensor and a data collection system, the data collection system is connected to the displacement sensor, and the displacement collection unit is used to measure the critical desorption amplitude of particles falling off from bubbles;
所述运动驱动单元用来驱动颗粒气泡气絮体做简谐振动；The motion driving unit is used to drive the particle bubble air flocs to perform simple resonance;
所述视频监视单元用来监视颗粒与气泡的粘附状态，当颗粒与气泡脱附时，数据采集***采集临界脱附振幅。The video monitoring unit is used to monitor the adhesion state of particles and bubbles. When the particles and bubbles are desorbed, the data collection system collects the critical desorption amplitude.
在上述方案的基础上，本发明还做了如下改进：Based on the above solution, the present invention has also made the following improvements:
进一步，还包括控制器，所述控制器控制所述运动驱动单元的运动。Further, a controller is included, and the controller controls the motion of the motion driving unit.
进一步，所述控制器内置功率放大器。Further, the controller has a built-in power amplifier.
进一步，所述视频监视单元包括光源和摄像机；所述运动驱动单元包括固定台、位移台、运动台和毛细管；所述控制器控制所述运动台和所述位移台的运动。Further, the video monitoring unit includes a light source and a camera; the motion driving unit includes a fixed stage, a displacement stage, a motion stage, and a capillary tube; and the controller controls the motion of the motion stage and the displacement stage.
进一步，还包括气泡生成单元，所述气泡生成单元包括注射器和软管，所述软管的一端与所述注射器连接，另一端与所述毛细管连接。Further, it also includes a bubble generation unit, which includes a syringe and a hose, one end of the hose is connected to the syringe, and the other end is connected to the capillary.
进一步，所述软管上设有止流阀，通过控制所述止流阀的开闭来控制气泡的大小。Further, a stop valve is provided on the hose, and the size of air bubbles is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the stop valve.
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种评判颗粒可浮性的方法，该方法评判颗粒的粘附行为以及颗粒的脱附行为，包括以下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for evaluating the floatability of particles. The method for evaluating the adhesion behavior of particles and the desorption behavior of particles includes the following steps:
步骤1：气泡生成单元生成气泡；Step 1: The bubble generation unit generates bubbles;
步骤2：调节运动驱动单元，使气泡逼近样品；Step 2: Adjust the motion drive unit to make the bubble approach the sample;
步骤3：逐渐增加样品与气泡的接触时间，通过视频监视单元监测粘附状态，当样品与气泡发生粘附时，数据采集***采集诱导时间的数据；Step 3: Gradually increase the contact time between the sample and the air bubble, and monitor the adhesion state through the video monitoring unit. When the sample adheres to the air bubble, the data collection system collects the data of the induction time;
步骤4：运动驱动单元驱动样品气泡气絮体做简谐振动；Step 4: The motion driving unit drives the sample bubble air flocs to perform simple harmonic motion;
步骤5：增加简谐振动的振幅，当视频监视单元监测到样品在气泡表面脱落时，数据采集***采集此时的振幅；Step 5: Increase the amplitude of the simple harmonic motion. When the video monitoring unit detects that the sample falls off on the surface of the bubble, the data collection system collects the amplitude at this time;
步骤6：根据不同颗粒的诱导时间差异以及振幅的大小，评判不同颗粒之间是否能够通过浮选的方式进行分离。Step 6: According to the difference of induction time and amplitude of different particles, judge whether different particles can be separated by flotation.
在上述方案的基础上，本发明还做了如下改进：Based on the above solution, the present invention has also made the following improvements:
进一步，步骤5中，增加振幅的过程中保持振动频率不变。Further, in step 5, the vibration frequency is kept constant while increasing the amplitude.
进一步，振动频率为20～30Hz。Further, the vibration frequency is 20 to 30 Hz.
进一步，步骤1和步骤2之间包括通过调节样品台调节样品与气泡间的相对位置。Further, between step 1 and step 2 includes adjusting the relative position between the sample and the bubble by adjusting the sample stage.
本发明至少可实现如下有益效果之一：The present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1)颗粒与气泡之间的粘附性好，并且颗粒难于从气泡上脱附下来，才表明颗粒的可浮性好。假如颗粒与气泡之间的粘附性非常好，但颗粒非常容易从气泡上脱附下来，并不能证明颗粒的可浮性好。因此，现有技术仅通过粘附性(即诱导时间)来评判颗粒的可浮性是不全面的，也是不准确的，本发明通过颗粒与气泡之间的粘附和脱附两种行为来评判，即通过诱导时间和临界脱附振幅两个参数来评判，提高了评判结果的准确性，实现了颗粒可浮性的定量评价。(1) The adhesion between the particles and the air bubbles is good, and the particles are difficult to desorb from the air bubbles, which indicates that the particles have good floatability. If the adhesion between the particles and the bubbles is very good, but the particles are very easy to desorb from the bubbles, it does not prove that the particles have good floatability. Therefore, it is incomplete and inaccurate to judge the floatability of particles only by adhesion (ie, induction time) in the prior art. The present invention uses the two behaviors of adhesion and desorption between particles and bubbles Judgment, that is, judging by the two parameters of induction time and critical desorption amplitude, improves the accuracy of the judgment result and realizes the quantitative evaluation of particle floatability.
(2)本发明实现了同一样品在相同的外部环境(气泡直径、液相性质等)下气泡诱导时间及临界脱附振幅的共同表征，降低外部环境的变化对实验结果的影响，提高了试验的准确性。(2) The present invention realizes the common characterization of bubble induction time and critical desorption amplitude of the same sample under the same external environment (bubble diameter, liquid phase properties, etc.), reduces the impact of changes in the external environment on the experimental results, and improves the test Accuracy.
(3)通过在控制器内设置功率放大器，放大输出功率，将诱导时间的测试灵敏度提高至0.1ms级。(3) By setting a power amplifier in the controller to amplify the output power, the test sensitivity of the induction time is increased to the level of 0.1ms.
(4)实现了同一***测试浮选颗粒气泡粘附及脱附两种行为性质，极大简化了试验操作流程，缩短试验时间，减少样品消耗。(4) The two behavioral properties of bubble adhesion and desorption of flotation particles are tested by the same system, which greatly simplifies the test operation process, shortens the test time, and reduces sample consumption.
(5)本***所使用的设备少、体积小，可操作性强，节省外部空间，使用范围广泛。(5) The system uses less equipment, small size, strong operability, saves external space, and has a wide range of use.
本发明中，上述各技术方案之间还可以相互组合，以实现更多的优选组合方案。本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分优点可从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过说明书、权利要求书中所特别指出的内容中来实现和获得。In the present invention, the above technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be explained in the subsequent description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by what is specifically pointed out in the description and claims.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
附图仅用于示出具体实施例的目的，而并不认为是对本发明的限制，在整个附图中，相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。The drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments, and are not considered to limit the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference symbols indicate the same components.
图1为本发明实施例评判颗粒可浮性的***的总体结构示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system for evaluating particle floatability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例运动驱动单元的结构示意图。2 is a schematic structural diagram of a motion driving unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记：Reference mark:
1-运动驱动单元；2-光源；3-高速摄像机；4-三轴样品台；5-样品槽；6-控制器；7-电脑；8-软管；9-气体注射器；10-数据采集***；11-位移传感器；A-L型固定台；B-位移台；C-运动台；D-T型毛细管。1-Motion drive unit; 2-Light source; 3-High speed camera; 4-Triaxial sample stage; 5-Sample tank; 6-Controller; 7-Computer; 8-Hose; 9-Gas injector; 10-Data acquisition System; 11-displacement sensor; AL type fixed stage; B-displacement stage; C-motion stage; DT type capillary.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图来具体描述本发明的优选实施例，其中，附图构成本发明一部分，并与本发明的实施例一起用于阐释本发明的原理，并非用于限定本发明的范围。The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, where the drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used to explain the principles of the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，两种颗粒的诱导时间相差越大，说明越容易通过浮选的方式将二者分开；临界脱附振幅越大则颗粒气泡间的脱附力越大，脱附越难以发生。It should be noted that the larger the difference between the induction time of the two particles, the easier it is to separate the two by flotation; the larger the critical desorption amplitude, the greater the desorption force between the particles bubbles, and the more difficult the desorption occurs. .
本发明的一个实施例，公开了一种评判颗粒可浮性的***，包括气泡生成单元、运动驱动单元1、视频监视单元、位移采集单元和三轴样品台4。An embodiment of the present invention discloses a system for evaluating the floatability of particles, including a bubble generating unit, a motion driving unit 1, a video monitoring unit, a displacement collecting unit, and a triaxial sample stage 4.
位移采集单元包括位移传感器11和数据采集***10，数据采集***10与位移传感器11连接，位移采集单元用来测量颗粒从气泡脱落的临界脱附振幅。The displacement collection unit includes a displacement sensor 11 and a data collection system 10. The data collection system 10 is connected to the displacement sensor 11. The displacement collection unit is used to measure the critical desorption amplitude of particles falling off from the bubbles.
运动驱动单元1包括L型固定台A、位移台B、运动台C和T型毛细管D，运动驱动单元一方面用来调节气泡下端与颗粒床层的距离，另一方面用来驱动颗粒气泡气絮体做简谐振动，如图2所示。The motion drive unit 1 includes an L-shaped fixed table A, a displacement table B, a motion table C and a T-shaped capillary D. The motion drive unit is used to adjust the distance between the lower end of the bubble and the particle bed on the one hand, and to drive the particle bubble gas on the other hand The flocs do simple harmonic vibration, as shown in Figure 2.
气泡生成单元用来生成气泡，包括气体注射器9和软管8，软管8的一端与气体注射器8连接，另一端与T型毛细管连接。The bubble generating unit is used to generate bubbles, and includes a gas injector 9 and a hose 8. One end of the hose 8 is connected to the gas injector 8 and the other end is connected to a T-shaped capillary.
视频监视单元包括光源2和高速摄像机3，用来监视颗粒与气泡的粘附和脱附状态，数据采集***10根据粘附和脱附状态采集相应的数据。The video monitoring unit includes a light source 2 and a high-speed camera 3 for monitoring the adhesion and desorption state of particles and bubbles. The data collection system 10 collects corresponding data according to the adhesion and desorption state.
实施时，气泡生成单元生成气泡，气泡在运动驱动单元的驱动下以某一恒定速度逼近颗粒，逐渐增加颗粒与气泡间的接触时间，通过视频监视单元监测粘附状态，当颗粒与气泡恰好发生粘附时，数据采集***采集诱导时间的数据。运动驱动单元驱动颗粒气泡气絮体做简谐振动，增加简谐振动的振幅，当视频监 视单元监测到颗粒在气泡表面脱落时，数据采集***采集此时的振幅。During implementation, the bubble generation unit generates bubbles, which are driven by the motion drive unit to approach the particles at a constant speed, gradually increasing the contact time between the particles and the bubbles, and the adhesion state is monitored by the video monitoring unit. When the particles and the bubbles happen to happen At the time of adhesion, the data collection system collects the data of the induction time. The motion driving unit drives the particle bubble air flocs to perform simple resonance, increasing the amplitude of the simple resonance. When the video monitoring unit detects that the particles are falling off on the surface of the bubble, the data collection system collects the amplitude at this time.
与现有技术相比，本实施例提供的评判颗粒可浮性的***既可以测试浮选颗粒气泡的粘附行为，又可以测试浮选颗粒气泡的脱附行为。具体来说，既可以测量颗粒与气泡间恰好发生粘附时的接触时间(诱导时间)，又可以测量颗粒从气泡脱附的临界脱附振幅。Compared with the prior art, the system for evaluating the floatability of particles provided in this embodiment can test both the adhesion behavior of the flotation particle bubbles and the desorption behavior of the flotation particle bubbles. Specifically, it is possible to measure both the contact time (induction time) when the adhesion between the particles and the bubbles occurs (induction time), and the critical desorption amplitude of the particles from the bubbles.
需要说明的是，为了更加准确地控制运动驱动单元的运动，本实施例评判颗粒可浮性的***还包括信号输出单元，信号输出单元包括控制器和用户端，用户端通过控制器控制运动驱动单元的运动。It should be noted that, in order to more accurately control the motion of the motion driving unit, the system for evaluating the floatability of the particles in this embodiment further includes a signal output unit, and the signal output unit includes a controller and a user end, and the user end controls the motion drive through the controller Unit movement.
具体来说，控制器通过控制位移台B来微调气泡下端与颗粒床层的距离，通过控制运动台C的运动(运动距离、升降速度及在最低端的接触时间)来测量诱导时间。Specifically, the controller controls the displacement stage B to fine-tune the distance between the lower end of the bubble and the bed of particles, and controls the movement of the movement stage C (movement distance, lifting speed, and contact time at the lowest end) to measure the induction time.
一般来说，诱导时间的测试灵敏度为1ms，为了提高测试灵敏度，本实施例的测试***在控制器内部设有功率放大器，来放大输出功率，从而放大运动台C在最低端的停止时间，进而提高诱导时间的测试灵敏度。In general, the test sensitivity of the induction time is 1ms. In order to improve the test sensitivity, the test system of this embodiment is provided with a power amplifier inside the controller to amplify the output power, thereby amplifying the stop time of the motion table C at the lowest end, and thereby improving Test sensitivity of induction time.
为了方便控制气体注射器所产生的气泡的大小，本发明实施例在气泡生成单元的软管上设有止流阀。需要产生气泡时，打开止流阀，当气泡的大小达到使用要求时，关闭止流阀。In order to conveniently control the size of the bubbles generated by the gas injector, the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a check valve on the hose of the bubble generating unit. When it is necessary to generate bubbles, open the stop valve, and when the size of the bubble reaches the requirements for use, close the stop valve.
本发明的另一个实施例公开了一种评判颗粒可浮性的方法，该方法既评价颗粒的粘附行为又评价颗粒的脱附行为，包括以下步骤：Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for evaluating the floatability of particles. The method evaluates both the adhesion behavior of particles and the desorption behavior of particles, including the following steps:
步骤1：气泡生成单元生成气泡；Step 1: The bubble generation unit generates bubbles;
步骤2：调节运动驱动单元，使气泡逼近样品；Step 2: Adjust the motion drive unit to make the bubble approach the sample;
步骤3：逐渐增加颗粒与气泡的接触时间，通过视频监视单元监测粘附状态，当颗粒与气泡恰好发生粘附时，数据采集***采集诱导时间的数据；Step 3: Gradually increase the contact time between the particles and the bubbles, and monitor the adhesion state through the video monitoring unit. When the particles and the bubbles happen to adhere, the data collection system collects the data of the induction time;
步骤4：运动驱动单元驱动颗粒气泡气絮体做简谐振动；Step 4: The motion driving unit drives the particle bubble air flocs to perform simple resonance;
步骤5：增加简谐振动的振幅，当视频监视单元监测到颗粒在气泡表面脱落时，数据采集***采集此时的振幅；Step 5: Increase the amplitude of the simple harmonic motion. When the video monitoring unit detects that the particles fall off on the surface of the bubble, the data collection system collects the amplitude at this time;
步骤6：根据不同颗粒的诱导时间差异以及振幅的大小，评判不同颗粒之间是否能够通过浮选的方式进行分离。Step 6: According to the difference of induction time and amplitude of different particles, judge whether different particles can be separated by flotation.
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例评判颗粒可浮性的方法从吸附和脱附两种行为，来共同表征颗粒的可浮性，评判结果更准确。具体来说，是通过测量颗粒与气泡间恰好发生粘附时的接触时间(诱导时间)，以及颗粒从气泡脱附的临界脱附振幅来定量评价颗粒的可浮性，与现有技术仅通过粘附行为(接触角或诱导时间)来评价颗粒的可浮性相比，测试结果更准确。Compared with the prior art, the method for judging the floatability of particles according to the embodiments of the present invention jointly characterizes the floatability of particles from adsorption and desorption, and the judgment result is more accurate. Specifically, the buoyancy of the particles is quantitatively evaluated by measuring the contact time (induction time) when the adhesion between the particles and the bubbles happens, and the critical desorption amplitude of the particles desorbing from the bubbles. Compared with the adhesion behavior (contact angle or induction time) to evaluate the floatability of the particles, the test results are more accurate.
考虑到气泡气絮体做简谐振动时，如果振动太快，会使气泡变形严重，振动太慢会使气泡不容易脱落，所以本实施例中振动频率控制为20～30Hz。优选为25Hz。Considering that when the bubble air flocs perform simple resonance, if the vibration is too fast, the bubbles will be seriously deformed, and if the vibration is too slow, the bubbles will not easily fall off, so in this embodiment, the vibration frequency is controlled to 20-30 Hz. It is preferably 25 Hz.
具体来说，步骤2中调节运动驱动单元使气泡逼近样品为微调。本实施例中在微调之前还包括粗调。示例性地，可以为在步骤1和步骤2之间通过调节样品台调节样品与气泡间的相对位置。Specifically, in step 2, adjusting the motion driving unit to make the bubble approach the sample is fine-tuning. In this embodiment, coarse adjustment is also included before fine adjustment. Exemplarily, the relative position between the sample and the air bubble may be adjusted by adjusting the sample stage between step 1 and step 2.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，样品槽5内盛有液相(浮选剂)，首先将待测颗粒放入样品槽5底部并保持颗粒床层的平整，将装有待测颗粒的样品槽5置于三轴样品台4上，打开并调节光源2及高速摄像机3，通过三轴样品台4手动调节颗粒与T型毛细管D下端的相对距离，以使在电脑7上得到清晰的毛细管与颗粒床层的图像。通过带有止流阀的软管8，气体注射器9产生大小合适的气泡并关闭止流阀，通过运动驱动单元1上位移台B微调气泡下端与颗粒床层的距离，打开控制器6，通过控制运动台C的运动(运动距离、升降速度及在最低端的停止时间)测出颗粒的诱导时间，待颗粒与气泡粘附牢固后，运动台C停止工作，下调三轴样品台4使单颗粒-气泡聚合体远离床层，而后开启位移采集单元(位移传感器11及数据采集***10)，运动驱动单元1开始工作，在25Hz的正弦运动下通过调节毛细管振动振幅得到颗粒从气泡脱落的临界脱附振幅。As shown in Figure 1, the sample tank 5 contains the liquid phase (flotation agent), first put the particles to be tested into the bottom of the sample tank 5 and keep the bed of the particles flat, and place the sample tank 5 containing the particles to be tested On the three-axis sample stage 4, turn on and adjust the light source 2 and the high-speed camera 3, and manually adjust the relative distance between the particles and the lower end of the T-shaped capillary D through the three-axis sample stage 4, so as to obtain a clear capillary and particle bed on the computer 7 Layer image. Through the hose 8 with a stop valve, the gas injector 9 generates bubbles of appropriate size and closes the stop valve. The distance between the lower end of the bubble and the bed of particles is finely adjusted by the displacement platform B on the motion drive unit 1, and the controller 6 is opened. Control the movement of the motion table C (movement distance, lifting speed and stop time at the lowest end) to measure the induction time of the particles. After the particles and bubbles are firmly adhered, the motion table C stops working and the three-axis sample table 4 is adjusted down to make single particles -The bubble polymer is far away from the bed, and then the displacement acquisition unit (displacement sensor 11 and data acquisition system 10) is turned on, and the motion drive unit 1 starts to work. Under the sinusoidal movement of 25 Hz, the critical release of particles from the bubble is obtained by adjusting the capillary vibration amplitude Attached amplitude.
使用本发明的方法测得粒径为0.25～0.5mm的低阶煤的诱导时间为500～1000ms，临界脱附振幅为1～1.5mm；粒径为0.25～0.5mm的无烟煤的诱导时间为100～300ms，临界脱附振幅为1.5～3mm。由此可见，低阶煤和无烟煤两种颗粒的诱导时间和临界脱附振幅均相差较大，说明与低阶煤相比，无烟煤更容易被气泡捕获，浮选产率高。Using the method of the present invention, the induction time of low-rank coal with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm is measured as 500-1000ms, the critical desorption amplitude is 1-1.5mm; the induction time of anthracite with a particle size of 0.25-0.5mm is 100 ~300ms, the critical desorption amplitude is 1.5 ~ 3mm. It can be seen that the induction time and critical desorption amplitude of the low-rank coal and anthracite particles differ greatly, indicating that anthracite coal is more easily trapped by bubbles and has a higher flotation yield than low-rank coal.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种评判颗粒可浮性的***，其特征在于，包括运动驱动单元、视频监视单元和位移采集单元；所述位移采集单元包括位移传感器和数据采集***，所述数据采集***与所述位移传感器连接，所述位移采集单元用来测量颗粒从气泡脱落的临界脱附振幅；所述运动驱动单元用来驱动颗粒气泡气絮体做简谐振动；所述视频监视单元用来监视颗粒与气泡的粘附状态，当颗粒与气泡脱附时，数据采集***采集临界脱附振幅。A system for evaluating the floatability of particles is characterized by comprising a motion driving unit, a video monitoring unit and a displacement acquisition unit; the displacement acquisition unit includes a displacement sensor and a data acquisition system, the data acquisition system and the displacement sensor Connected, the displacement acquisition unit is used to measure the critical desorption amplitude of particles falling off from the bubbles; the motion driving unit is used to drive the particle bubble gas flocs for simple resonance; the video monitoring unit is used to monitor the particles and bubbles In the adhesion state, when the particles are desorbed from the bubbles, the data acquisition system collects the critical desorption amplitude.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的评判颗粒可浮性的***，其特征在于，还包括控制器，所述控制器控制所述运动驱动单元的运动。The system for evaluating the floatability of particles according to claim 1, further comprising a controller, the controller controlling the motion of the motion driving unit.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的评判颗粒可浮性的***，其特征在于，所述控制器内置功率放大器。The system for evaluating particle floatability according to claim 2, wherein the controller has a built-in power amplifier.
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的评判颗粒可浮性的***，其特征在于，所述视频监视单元包括光源和摄像机；所述运动驱动单元包括固定台、位移台、运动台和毛细管；所述控制器控制所述运动台和所述位移台的运动。The system for evaluating particle floatability according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the video monitoring unit includes a light source and a camera; the motion driving unit includes a fixed stage, a displacement stage, a motion stage and a capillary ; The controller controls the movement of the motion stage and the displacement stage.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的评判颗粒可浮性的***，其特征在于，还包括气泡生成单元，所述气泡生成单元包括注射器和软管，所述软管的一端与所述注射器连接，另一端与所述毛细管连接。The system for evaluating the floatability of particles according to claim 4, further comprising a bubble generating unit, the bubble generating unit includes a syringe and a hose, one end of the hose is connected to the syringe, and the other end Connect with the capillary.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的评判颗粒可浮性的***，其特征在于，所述软管上设有止流阀，通过控制所述止流阀的开闭来控制气泡的大小。The system for evaluating the floatability of particles according to claim 5, wherein a stop valve is provided on the hose, and the size of air bubbles is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the stop valve.
  7. 一种评判颗粒可浮性的方法，其特征在于，使用权利要求1-6所述的***，该方法评判颗粒的粘附行为以及颗粒的脱附行为，包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating the floatability of particles, characterized in that the system according to claims 1-6 is used. The method for evaluating the adhesion behavior and desorption behavior of particles includes the following steps:
    步骤1：气泡生成单元生成气泡；Step 1: The bubble generation unit generates bubbles;
    步骤2：调节运动驱动单元，使气泡逼近样品；Step 2: Adjust the motion drive unit to make the bubble approach the sample;
    步骤3：逐渐增加样品与气泡的接触时间，通过视频监视单元监测粘附状态，当样品与气泡发生粘附时，数据采集***采集诱导时间的数据；Step 3: Gradually increase the contact time between the sample and the air bubble, and monitor the adhesion state through the video monitoring unit. When the sample adheres to the air bubble, the data collection system collects the data of the induction time;
    步骤4：运动驱动单元驱动样品气泡气絮体做简谐振动；Step 4: The motion driving unit drives the sample bubble air flocs to perform simple harmonic motion;
    步骤5：增加简谐振动的振幅，当视频监视单元监测到样品在气泡表面脱落时，数据采集***采集此时的振幅；Step 5: Increase the amplitude of the simple harmonic motion. When the video monitoring unit detects that the sample falls off on the surface of the bubble, the data collection system collects the amplitude at this time;
    步骤6：根据不同颗粒的诱导时间差异以及振幅的大小，评判不同颗粒之间是否能够通过浮选的方式进行分离。Step 6: According to the difference of induction time and amplitude of different particles, judge whether different particles can be separated by flotation.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的评判颗粒可浮性的方法，其特征在于，步骤5中，增加振幅的过程中保持振动频率不变。The method for judging the floatability of particles according to claim 7, wherein in step 5, the vibration frequency is kept unchanged during the increase of the amplitude.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的评判颗粒可浮性的方法，其特征在于，振动频率为20～30Hz。The method for evaluating the floatability of particles according to claim 8, wherein the vibration frequency is 20 to 30 Hz.
  10. 根据权利要求7-9任一项所述的评判颗粒可浮性的方法，其特征在于，步骤1和步骤2之间包括通过调节样品台调节样品与气泡间的相对位置。The method for evaluating particle floatability according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein step 1 and step 2 include adjusting the relative position between the sample and the air bubble by adjusting the sample stage.
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