WO2020109193A1 - Structural element for a vehicle - Google Patents

Structural element for a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020109193A1
WO2020109193A1 PCT/EP2019/082339 EP2019082339W WO2020109193A1 WO 2020109193 A1 WO2020109193 A1 WO 2020109193A1 EP 2019082339 W EP2019082339 W EP 2019082339W WO 2020109193 A1 WO2020109193 A1 WO 2020109193A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
structural element
composite
vehicle
structural
layers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/082339
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Thomas
Fabian FISCHER
Thomas Grosse
Thomas Mertens
Original Assignee
Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to CN201980077932.7A priority Critical patent/CN113056624B/en
Publication of WO2020109193A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020109193A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/10—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/001—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof characterised by combining metal and synthetic material
    • B62D29/005—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof characterised by combining metal and synthetic material preformed metal and synthetic material elements being joined together, e.g. by adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/748—Releasability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a structural element for a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a structural element for a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 6 and a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 10.
  • Structural elements in the vehicle sector are exposed to a variety of loads. This is especially true in the event of an accident. Structural elements such as beams in the form of sills, door crash tubes, B-pillars or side members are particularly affected. Structural elements of this type are therefore conventionally very solid, usually made of metal.
  • DE 10 2012 015 919 A1 discloses a battery housing, the housing base of which is made from a plurality of fiber-reinforced plastic layers in a sandwich construction.
  • DE 10 2014 207 483 A1 discloses a structural component for motor vehicles with a sandwich structure that has a core and two cover layers.
  • DE 10 2016 222 435 A1 also discloses a sandwich element which is used for a supporting structure.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a new structural element which can be flexibly adapted to different load requirements, has a low weight and at the same time is simple to manufacture.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a structural element for a vehicle, comprising the steps: introducing a layer of natural material between further layers and joining the layers to form a composite.
  • the composite is reshaped, so that the reshaped composite has a spiral cross section at least in sections.
  • the layers can be joined, for example, by pressing or gluing and optionally hardening. It also follows that the layers are out
  • Natural material and other layers do not necessarily have to adjoin each other directly.
  • a layer that has not yet been shaped for example a layer of adhesive, can be located between the further layers and the layer made of natural material.
  • further layers made of, for example, different natural materials,
  • Plastics, fiber composite plastics and metallic materials can be provided.
  • at least two further layers should be provided, which cover at least one layer made of natural material from both sides.
  • Layers that are provided as continuous material are preferably used. These are expediently separated after joining, so that the composite is made up for a longer period.
  • the joined composite is preferably formed by bending, more preferably using a roll forming system.
  • the structural element produced can, in other words,
  • the composite comprising the layer of natural material with the other layers as cover layers, is rolled up, for example, about a longitudinal axis, so that the spiral-like cross section results.
  • Wood is the preferred natural material. Wood is an inexpensive, renewable and light material. The spiral cross-section can be produced from wood with particularly little effort, wood in this form also being able to absorb particularly high forces. However, other natural materials with corresponding properties can also be used.
  • the spiral of the spiral-like cross-section does not necessarily have to be round, but can also be triangular, square or polygonal and thus be adapted, for example, to a surrounding geometry to which it is to be attached, for example.
  • the method according to the invention is very simple to carry out and also for one
  • the structural element that can be produced can easily be designed and manufactured to meet a wide variety of requirements.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing tubular structural elements.
  • the responsible specialist chooses the material for the other layers taking into account
  • the further layers comprise a metallic material.
  • Metallic materials are characterized, for example, by the fact that they can also be shaped particularly well with high resilience and are then dimensionally stable, which is particularly advantageous in the production of the spiral cross section according to the invention.
  • the layer of natural material is arranged between the further layers, preferably of metallic material, directly adjacent to these.
  • the further layers are laminated directly onto the layer made of natural material, wherein a layer of adhesive can optionally be provided in between.
  • the formed composite is combined with a structural part which forms an outer surface of the structural element.
  • the structural element can particularly advantageously be inserted into a tubular structural part. However, it can also be arranged, for example, between one or more sheets, which are preferably connected to one another. In other words, the formed composite thus forms a core of the structural element, which can be surrounded by further structural parts.
  • the structural element produced in the method according to the invention is therefore not of conventional structural elements
  • the formed composite is subjected to a further forming step, the spiral-like cross section being deformed at least in sections.
  • the cigar shape can, for example, be flattened in sections transversely to its longitudinal axis. This deformation is preferably used to manufacture
  • the flattening can only take place in the end regions of the cigar, so that, for example, screwing points to another structural part or other part of a vehicle are created.
  • Such interfaces are especially designed to remove the energy to be absorbed in the event of an accident.
  • the cigar can be completely or only partially flattened with regard to the degree of compression.
  • the cigar can only be flattened in sections along its longitudinal axis, for example in one end region, in several end regions, in a middle region or in other regions which appear advantageous to the person skilled in the art in the production of such interfaces.
  • the flattening can also vary with regard to the degree of compression along the longitudinal axis, so that, for example, a cylindrical cigar shape can also change into a tapering cigar shape or even a cone shape. If, as described above, the formed composite is arranged, for example, between further structural parts, these can also be formed together in the further forming step.
  • the force absorption and the energy dissipation can thus be set independently of the direction of action and can thus be optimized particularly advantageously.
  • the further layers comprise a steel sheet and the layer comprises natural veneer.
  • the steel sheet is preferably made thin, and the person skilled in the art can independently set a lower limit for the sheet thickness using the load capacity of the layer made of natural material.
  • the wood veneer is particularly cheap to use and easy to work with.
  • Adhesive is preferably applied between the layers, followed by pressing and curing or also partial curing with post-curing in
  • the composite is preferably reshaped.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a structural element for a vehicle, comprising: a layer made of natural material, which is arranged between further layers and joined to form a composite.
  • the composite is reshaped, so that the reshaped composite has a spiral cross section, at least in sections.
  • the structural element according to the invention can in particular be a
  • the formed composite is combined with a structural part which forms an outer surface of the structural element.
  • the spiral cross-section of the formed composite is deformed at least in sections.
  • the structural element comprises a sill, a pillar or another supporting structure for a vehicle.
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a structural element according to the invention as described above or comprising a
  • Structural element produced in a method according to the invention according to the
  • the vehicle can preferably be a motor vehicle.
  • Figure 1 shows the sequence of a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a structural element according to the invention in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 3 shows a further structural element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the sequence of a method according to the invention for producing a structural element 10 for a vehicle 12 (compare FIG. 4).
  • the method shown in FIG. 1 begins with a layer of natural material 14 being introduced between two further layers 16 in this embodiment, which in this embodiment consist of metallic material.
  • the layer made of natural material 14 is wood veneer 18.
  • the other layers 16 made of metallic material are thin steel sheets 20 in the present case.
  • the wood veneer 18 and the steel sheets 20 are stored and not shown here as continuous material delivered in a continuous process. In Figure 1, this is done in accordance with the coordinate system shown in the Y direction.
  • a rolling installation 22 is provided for introducing the wood veneer 18 between the steel sheets 20. Before the wood veneer 18 is inserted between the steel sheets 20, it is coated on both sides with an adhesive 24. In this step of the process, the adhesive 24 has not yet hardened.
  • Wood veneer 18 to form a composite 26.
  • the steel sheets 20 and the wood veneer 18 pass through a press tool 28, which may be tempered.
  • the layers 14, 16 are pressed into the composite 26 and the adhesive 24 cures.
  • the composite 26 After the composite 26 has left the pressing tool 28 in the Y direction, the composite 26 is cut off with a cutting tool 30.
  • This cutting is expediently carried out only after the forming step of the composite 26 described below.
  • the process closes this purpose can also be designed quasi-continuously.
  • the shaping step mentioned takes place in the present case with the aid of a roll-forming machine 32.
  • the assembly 26 runs into the roll-forming machine 32 in the Y direction and is then, in the present case counterclockwise, wound around its longitudinal axis L.
  • the longitudinal axis L is aligned parallel to the axis X of the coordinate system shown.
  • a reshaped composite 34 is produced which has a spiral-like cross section 36.
  • FIG. 2 shows a structural element 10 according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 2 the structural element 10 according to the invention is initially shown after its production method according to the invention has been completed.
  • the coordinate systems contained in FIG. 2 correspond to those from FIG. 1.
  • a further embodiment of the structural element 10 is shown in the upper part of FIG. 2, the formed composite 34 being combined with further structural parts 38. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 2, the formed composite is sandwiched between the structural parts 38. The structural parts 38 form an outer surface 40 of the structural element 10.
  • the formed composite 34 in the present case, together with the further structural parts 38, can be subjected to a further forming step.
  • the spiral cross section 36 is flattened in the end region 42 and becomes part of an interface 44 for the assembly and force transmission of the structural element 10 to surrounding systems.
  • this further forming step takes place transversely to the longitudinal axis L and along the entire longitudinal axis L.
  • the structural parts 38 can preferably be connected to one another in the end regions 42.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further structural element 10 according to the invention
  • Structural element 10 is shown in an isometric view, and the marked section is shown in section A-A at the bottom right.
  • the structural element 10 is a sill 46, purely by way of example for the vehicle 12 shown in FIG. 4.
  • the internal structure of the sill 46 is shown in more detail in the sectional view.
  • the sill 46 comprises a further structural part 38 made of metal. This forms the outer surface 40 of the sill 46.
  • the deformed composite 34 is arranged on the inside or facing away from the outer surface 40.
  • the layer made of natural material 14 and the further layers 16 made of metallic material are only shown in simplified form here. It can be seen that the formed composite 34 is deformed transversely to its longitudinal axis L and follows the shape of the further structural part 38. In the end regions 42, the formed composite 34 is completely flattened and, together with the structural part 38, forms a mechanical interface 44 to the vehicle 12. If, for example, an accident-related force F acts from outside, the energy introduced by the formed composite 34 becomes one largely implemented in deformation work and otherwise derived into the vehicle 12 via the interface 44.
  • FIG. 4 finally shows the vehicle 12 according to the invention, which is an example of a motor vehicle 48.
  • the structural element 10 according to the invention is used as the sill 46 in the motor vehicle 48. But it can also be used for other load-bearing purposes
  • Structures are used, for example also for a B-pillar 50.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural element (10) for a vehicle (12). According to the invention, the structural element (10) has the shape of a cigar, wherein a composite (26), comprising a layer made of natural material (14) is rolled about a longitudinal axis (L), for example, together with additional layers (16) made of metallic material, as cover layers, resulting in the spiral-like cross-section (36).

Description

Beschreibung description
Strukturelement für ein Fahrzeug Structural element for a vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strukturelements für ein Fahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 , ein Strukturelement für ein Fahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 6 sowie ein Fahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 10. The invention relates to a method for producing a structural element for a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1, a structural element for a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 6 and a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 10.
Strukturelemente im Fahrzeugbereich, beispielsweise bei Kraftfahrzeugen, sind vielfältigen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Dies gilt insbesondere im Falle eines Unfalls. Strukturelemente wie beispielsweise Träger in Form von Schwellern, Tür-Crashrohren, B-Säulen oder Längsträgern sind dabei besonders betroffen. Daher sind derartige Strukturelemente konventionell sehr massiv ausgelegt, üblicherweise aus Metall. Structural elements in the vehicle sector, for example in the case of motor vehicles, are exposed to a variety of loads. This is especially true in the event of an accident. Structural elements such as beams in the form of sills, door crash tubes, B-pillars or side members are particularly affected. Structural elements of this type are therefore conventionally very solid, usually made of metal.
Neben Anforderungen wie einer hohen Wirtschaftlichkeit und einem geringen Gewicht bestehen bei derartigen Strukturelementen wichtige technische Anforderungen, insbesondere eine hohe Energieaufnahme im Falle eines Unfalls und die Möglichkeit, die Energie auch aus In addition to requirements such as high cost-effectiveness and low weight, there are important technical requirements for such structural elements, in particular high energy consumption in the event of an accident and the possibility of also using the energy
unterschiedlichen Belastungsrichtungen aufzunehmen. absorb different load directions.
Bei konventionellen Trägern aus Metall führt dies dazu, dass diese für unterschiedliche In the case of conventional metal supports, this means that they are used for different purposes
Anforderungen individuell gestaltet werden müssen und die vorangehend genannten Requirements must be designed individually and the above
Anforderungen nicht hinreichend erfüllen können. Can’t meet requirements sufficiently.
Aus der DE 10 2012 015 919 A1 ist beispielsweise ein Batteriegehäuse bekannt, dessen Gehäuseboden in einer Sandwichbauweise aus mehreren faserverstärkten Kunststofflagen gefertigt ist. DE 10 2012 015 919 A1, for example, discloses a battery housing, the housing base of which is made from a plurality of fiber-reinforced plastic layers in a sandwich construction.
Weiterhin offenbart die DE 10 2014 207 483 A1 ein Strukturbauteil für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einer Sandwichstruktur, die einen Kern und zwei Deckschichten aufweist. Furthermore, DE 10 2014 207 483 A1 discloses a structural component for motor vehicles with a sandwich structure that has a core and two cover layers.
Auch die DE 10 2016 222 435 A1 offenbart ein Sandwichelement, welches für eine tragende Struktur verwendet wird. Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein neues Strukturelement zu schaffen, welches flexibel an unterschiedliche Belastungsanforderungen angepasst werden kann, ein geringes Gewicht aufweist und gleichzeitig einfach herzustellen ist. DE 10 2016 222 435 A1 also discloses a sandwich element which is used for a supporting structure. The invention is based on the object of creating a new structural element which can be flexibly adapted to different load requirements, has a low weight and at the same time is simple to manufacture.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Patentansprüche 1 , 6 und 10 gelöst. Weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den übrigen, in den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung genannten Merkmalen. The object is solved by the subject matter of independent claims 1, 6 and 10. Further preferred refinements of the invention result from the other features mentioned in the subclaims and the description.
Ein erster Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strukturelements für ein Fahrzeug, umfassend die Schritte: Einbringen einer Lage aus Naturwerkstoff zwischen weiteren Lagen und Fügen der Lagen zu einem Verbund. A first aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a structural element for a vehicle, comprising the steps: introducing a layer of natural material between further layers and joining the layers to form a composite.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Verbund umgeformt wird, so dass der umgeformte Verbund zumindest abschnittsweise einen spiralartigen Querschnitt aufweist. According to the invention, it is provided that the composite is reshaped, so that the reshaped composite has a spiral cross section at least in sections.
Das Fügen der Lagen kann beispielsweise durch Verpressen oder auch Verkleben und gegebenenfalls Aushärten erfolgen. Hieraus ergibt sich auch, dass die Lagen aus The layers can be joined, for example, by pressing or gluing and optionally hardening. It also follows that the layers are out
Naturwerkstoff und weiteren Lagen nicht zwingend unmittelbar aneinander angrenzen müssen. So kann sich beispielsweise zwischen den weiteren Lagen und der Lage aus Naturwerkstoff eine noch nicht urgeformte Schicht befinden, beispielsweise eine Schicht Klebstoff. Es können grundsätzlich weitere Lagen aus beispielsweise unterschiedlichen Naturwerkstoffen, Natural material and other layers do not necessarily have to adjoin each other directly. For example, a layer that has not yet been shaped, for example a layer of adhesive, can be located between the further layers and the layer made of natural material. Basically, further layers made of, for example, different natural materials,
Kunststoffen, Faserverbundkunststoffen sowie metallischen Werkstoffen vorgesehen sein. Mit anderen Worten sollen zumindest zwei weitere Lagen vorgesehen sein, die zumindest eine Lage aus Naturwerkstoff von beiden Seiten her bedecken. Plastics, fiber composite plastics and metallic materials can be provided. In other words, at least two further layers should be provided, which cover at least one layer made of natural material from both sides.
Vorzugsweise werden Lagen verwendet, die als Endlosmaterial bereitgestellt werden. Diese werden zweckmäßigerweise nach dem Fügen abgetrennt, so dass der Verbund auf länger konfektioniert wird. Layers that are provided as continuous material are preferably used. These are expediently separated after joining, so that the composite is made up for a longer period.
Das Umformen des gefügten Verbunds erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Biegen, weiterhin vorzugsweise mit einer Rollformanlage. The joined composite is preferably formed by bending, more preferably using a roll forming system.
Das hergestellte Strukturelement kann, mit weiterhin anderen Worten ausgedrückt, In other words, the structural element produced can, in other words,
beispielsweise eine Zigarrenform aufweisen, bei welcher der Verbund, umfassend die Lage aus Naturwerkstoff mit den weiteren Lagen als Decklagen, um beispielsweise eine Längsachse aufgerollt wird, so dass sich der spiralartige Querschnitt ergibt. Als Naturwerkstoff wird vorzugsweise Holz verwendet. Holz ist ein preiswertes, nachwachsendes und leichtes Material. Der spiralartige Querschnitt kann aus Holz mit besonders geringem Aufwand hergestellt werden, wobei Holz in dieser Form auch besonders hohe Kräfte aufzunehmen vermag. Es können aber auch andere Naturwerkstoffe mit entsprechenden Eigenschaften verwendet werden. For example, have a cigar shape in which the composite, comprising the layer of natural material with the other layers as cover layers, is rolled up, for example, about a longitudinal axis, so that the spiral-like cross section results. Wood is the preferred natural material. Wood is an inexpensive, renewable and light material. The spiral cross-section can be produced from wood with particularly little effort, wood in this form also being able to absorb particularly high forces. However, other natural materials with corresponding properties can also be used.
Die Spirale des spiralartigen Querschnitts muss nicht zwangsweise rund sein, sondern kann auch dreieckig, viereckig oder mehreckig sein und somit beispielsweise an eine umliegende Geometrie angepasst werden, an der sie beispielsweise befestigt werden soll. The spiral of the spiral-like cross-section does not necessarily have to be round, but can also be triangular, square or polygonal and thus be adapted, for example, to a surrounding geometry to which it is to be attached, for example.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist sehr einfach ausführbar und auch für eine The method according to the invention is very simple to carry out and also for one
Massenproduktion geeignet. Das herstellbare Strukturelement lässt sich dabei einfach auf unterschiedlichste Anforderungen hin auslegen und hersteilen. Besonders bietet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von rohrförmigen Strukturelementen an. Suitable for mass production. The structural element that can be produced can easily be designed and manufactured to meet a wide variety of requirements. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing tubular structural elements.
Grundsätzlich sind die hergestellten Strukturelemente hinsichtlich ihrer Masse gering und gleichzeitig sehr belastbar. Die Kombination aus spezifischen Eigenschaften des Basically, the structural elements produced are small in terms of their mass and at the same time very resilient. The combination of specific properties of the
Naturwerkstoffs mit Hinblick auf Druck- und Biegebelastungen mit den spezifischen Natural material with regard to pressure and bending loads with the specific
Eigenschaften der darauf auflaminierten weiteren Lagen ermöglicht eine flexible Formgebung und hohe Belastbarkeit zugleich, da aufgrund der Sandwichbauweise Energie aus The properties of the other layers laminated onto it enable flexible shaping and high resilience at the same time, because of the sandwich construction energy from
unterschiedlichen Belastungsrichtungen effektiv aufgenommen werden kann. Der zuständige Fachmann wählt den Werkstoff für die weiteren Lagen unter Berücksichtigung von different load directions can be absorbed effectively. The responsible specialist chooses the material for the other layers taking into account
Anforderungen an das Strukturelement, wie beispielsweise Belastbarkeit, Zähigkeit, Requirements for the structural element, such as resilience, toughness,
Formbarkeit, Masse, Witterungsbeständigkeit, Materialverträglichkeit mit umgebenden Strukturen, elektrischen Eigenschaften und anhand der im Übrigen hierin offenbarten technischen Lehre zweckmäßig aus. Formability, mass, weather resistance, material compatibility with surrounding structures, electrical properties and based on the technical teaching disclosed herein.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die weiteren Lagen einen metallischen Werkstoff umfassen. In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, it is provided that the further layers comprise a metallic material.
Metallische Werkstoffe zeichnen sich beispielsweise dadurch vorteilhaft aus, dass sie sich bei hoher Belastbarkeit auch besonders gut umformen lassen und danach formstabil sind, was gerade bei der Herstellung des spiralartigen Querschnitts gemäß der Erfindung vorteilhaft ist. In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Lage aus Naturwerkstoff zwischen den weiteren Lagen, vorzugsweise aus metallischem Werkstoff, unmittelbar an diese angrenzend angeordnet wird. Metallic materials are characterized, for example, by the fact that they can also be shaped particularly well with high resilience and are then dimensionally stable, which is particularly advantageous in the production of the spiral cross section according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention it is provided that the layer of natural material is arranged between the further layers, preferably of metallic material, directly adjacent to these.
Mit anderen Worten werden die weiteren Lagen direkt auf die Lage aus Naturwerkstoff auflaminiert, wobei gegebenenfalls noch eine Schicht Klebstoff dazwischen vorgesehen sein kann. In other words, the further layers are laminated directly onto the layer made of natural material, wherein a layer of adhesive can optionally be provided in between.
Der Aufbau des hergestellten Strukturelements sowie die Durchführung des Verfahrens der Erfindung sind somit besonders aufwandsarm möglich. The structure of the structural element produced and the implementation of the method of the invention are thus possible with particularly little effort.
In weiterhin bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der umgeformte Verbund mit einem Strukturteil kombiniert wird, welches eine äußere Oberfläche des Strukturelements bildet. In a further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention it is provided that the formed composite is combined with a structural part which forms an outer surface of the structural element.
Besonders vorteilhaft kann das Strukturelement in ein rohrförmiges Strukturteil hineingeführt werden. Es kann aber auch beispielsweise zwischen einem oder mehreren Blechen angeordnet werden, die vorzugsweise miteinander verbunden werden. Mit anderen Worten ausgedrückt, bildet der umgeformte Verbund also einen Kern des Strukturelements, der von weiteren Strukturteilen umgeben sein kann. Optisch ist das in dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Strukturelement somit nicht von konventionellen Strukturelementen zu The structural element can particularly advantageously be inserted into a tubular structural part. However, it can also be arranged, for example, between one or more sheets, which are preferably connected to one another. In other words, the formed composite thus forms a core of the structural element, which can be surrounded by further structural parts. Visually, the structural element produced in the method according to the invention is therefore not of conventional structural elements
unterscheiden. differentiate.
In weiterhin bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der umgeformte Verbund einem weiteren Umformschritt unterzogen wird, wobei der spiralartige Querschnitt zumindest abschnittsweise deformiert wird. In a further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, it is provided that the formed composite is subjected to a further forming step, the spiral-like cross section being deformed at least in sections.
Mit anderen Worten ausgedrückt und veranschaulicht erklärt an der oben angesprochenen Zigarrenform, kann die Zigarrenform beispielsweise abschnittsweise quer zu ihrer Längsachse plattgedrückt werden. Diese Deformation dient vorzugsweise einer Herstellung von In other words, expressed and illustrated by the above-mentioned cigar shape, the cigar shape can, for example, be flattened in sections transversely to its longitudinal axis. This deformation is preferably used to manufacture
mechanischen Schnittstellen, beispielsweise Montageschnittstellen und wird hierauf mechanical interfaces, for example assembly interfaces and is based on this
entsprechend ausgelegt. Beispielsweise kann das Plattdrücken nur in Endbereichen der Zigarre erfolgen, so dass beispielsweise Anschraubpunkte an ein anderes Strukturteil oder sonstiges Teil eines Fahrzeugs entstehen. Derartige Schnittstellen werden insbesondere auch darauf ausgelegt, die im Falle eines Unfalls aufzunehmende Energie wieder abzutragen. Die Zigarre kann, hinsichtlich des Kompressionsgrads ganz oder nur teilweise plattgedrückt werden. Entlang ihrer Längsachse kann die Zigarre, wie oben bereits erwähnt, rein exemplarisch nur abschnittsweise plattgedrückt werden, beispielsweise in einem Endbereich, in mehreren Endbereichen, in einem mittleren Bereich oder in sonstigen Bereichen, die dem Fachmann bei der Herstellung derartiger Schnittstellen vorteilhaft erscheinen. Auch kann das Plattdrücken hinsichtlich des Kompressionsgrads entlang der Längsachse variieren, so dass beispielsweise eine zylindrische Zigarrenform auch in eine spitz zulaufende Zigarrenform oder gar eine Konusform übergehen kann. Wird, wie vorangehend beschrieben, der umgeformte Verbund beispielsweise zwischen weiteren Strukturteilen angeordnet, so können diese auch gemeinsam in dem weiteren Umformschritt umgeformt werden. designed accordingly. For example, the flattening can only take place in the end regions of the cigar, so that, for example, screwing points to another structural part or other part of a vehicle are created. Such interfaces are especially designed to remove the energy to be absorbed in the event of an accident. The cigar can be completely or only partially flattened with regard to the degree of compression. As already mentioned above, the cigar can only be flattened in sections along its longitudinal axis, for example in one end region, in several end regions, in a middle region or in other regions which appear advantageous to the person skilled in the art in the production of such interfaces. The flattening can also vary with regard to the degree of compression along the longitudinal axis, so that, for example, a cylindrical cigar shape can also change into a tapering cigar shape or even a cone shape. If, as described above, the formed composite is arranged, for example, between further structural parts, these can also be formed together in the further forming step.
Somit kann im Falle eines Unfalls die Kraftaufnahme und der Energieabbau unabhängig von der Wirkrichtung eingestellt werden und somit besonders vorteilhaft optimiert werden. In the event of an accident, the force absorption and the energy dissipation can thus be set independently of the direction of action and can thus be optimized particularly advantageously.
In weiterhin bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die weiteren Lagen ein Stahlblech umfassen und die Lage aus Naturwerkstoff Holzfurnier umfasst. In a further preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, it is provided that the further layers comprise a steel sheet and the layer comprises natural veneer.
Das Stahlblech ist vorzugsweise dünn ausgeführt, wobei der Fachmann unter Ausnutzung der Belastbarkeit der Lage aus Naturwerkstoff eine untere Grenze der Blechdicke selbstständig festlegen kann. Das Holzfurnier lässt sich besonders günstig verwenden und einfach verarbeiten. Vorzugsweise wird zwischen den Lagen Klebstoff aufgetragen, gefolgt von einem Verpressen und Aushärten oder auch teilweise Aushärten mit einem Nachhärten in The steel sheet is preferably made thin, and the person skilled in the art can independently set a lower limit for the sheet thickness using the load capacity of the layer made of natural material. The wood veneer is particularly cheap to use and easy to work with. Adhesive is preferably applied between the layers, followed by pressing and curing or also partial curing with post-curing in
nachgelagerten Verarbeitungsschritten. Im Anschluss erfolgt vorzugsweise die Umformung des Verbunds. downstream processing steps. Subsequently, the composite is preferably reshaped.
Ein zweiter Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Strukturelement für ein Fahrzeug, umfassend: eine Lage aus Naturwerkstoff, die zwischen weiteren Lagen angeordnet und mit diesen zu einem Verbund gefügt ist. A second aspect of the invention relates to a structural element for a vehicle, comprising: a layer made of natural material, which is arranged between further layers and joined to form a composite.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass der Verbund umgeformt ist, so dass der umgeformte Verbund zumindest abschnittsweise einen spiralartigen Querschnitt aufweist. According to the invention, it is provided that the composite is reshaped, so that the reshaped composite has a spiral cross section, at least in sections.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Strukturelement kann es sich insbesondere um ein The structural element according to the invention can in particular be a
Strukturelement handeln, welches in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß der vorhergehenden Beschreibung herstellbar ist. Die obige Beschreibung gilt somit entsprechend auch für das erfindungsgemäße Strukturelement. In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Strukturelements der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die weiteren Lagen einen metallischen Werkstoff umfassen. Act structural element, which can be produced in a method according to the invention as described above. The above description also applies accordingly to the structural element according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment of the structural element of the invention it is provided that the further layers comprise a metallic material.
In weiterhin bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Strukturelements der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der umgeformte Verbund mit einem Strukturteil kombiniert ist, welches eine äußere Oberfläche des Strukturelements bildet. In a further preferred configuration of the structural element of the invention, it is provided that the formed composite is combined with a structural part which forms an outer surface of the structural element.
In weiterhin bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Strukturelements der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der spiralartige Querschnitt des umgeformten Verbunds zumindest abschnittsweise deformiert ist. In a further preferred embodiment of the structural element of the invention, it is provided that the spiral cross-section of the formed composite is deformed at least in sections.
In weiterhin bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des Strukturelements der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Strukturelement einen Schweller, eine Säule oder eine sonstige tragende Struktur für ein Fahrzeug umfasst. In a further preferred embodiment of the structural element of the invention, it is provided that the structural element comprises a sill, a pillar or another supporting structure for a vehicle.
Ein dritter Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeug, umfassend ein erfindungsgemäßes Strukturelement gemäß der vorhergehenden Beschreibung oder umfassend ein A third aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a structural element according to the invention as described above or comprising a
Strukturelement, hergestellt in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß der Structural element, produced in a method according to the invention according to the
vorhergehenden Beschreibung. previous description.
Bei dem Fahrzeug kann es sich vorzugsweise um ein Kraftfahrzeug handeln. The vehicle can preferably be a motor vehicle.
Die verschiedenen in dieser Anmeldung genannten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind, sofern im Einzelfall nicht anders ausgeführt, mit Vorteil miteinander kombinierbar. Unless otherwise stated in the individual case, the various embodiments of the invention mentioned in this application can advantageously be combined with one another.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der zugehörigen The invention is described below in exemplary embodiments on the basis of the associated
Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen: Drawings explained. Show it:
Figur 1 den Ablauf eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens; Figure 1 shows the sequence of a method according to the invention;
Figur 2 ein erfindungsgemäßes Strukturelement in einer Querschnittsansicht; FIG. 2 shows a structural element according to the invention in a cross-sectional view;
Figur 3 ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Strukturelement; und FIG. 3 shows a further structural element according to the invention; and
Figur 4 ein erfindungsgemäßes Fahrzeug. Figur 1 zeigt den Ablauf eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Strukturelements 10 für ein Fahrzeug 12 (vergleiche Figur 4). Figure 4 shows an inventive vehicle. FIG. 1 shows the sequence of a method according to the invention for producing a structural element 10 for a vehicle 12 (compare FIG. 4).
Das in Figur 1 gezeigte Verfahren beginnt damit, dass eine Lage aus Naturwerkstoff 14 zwischen in dieser Ausführungsform zwei weiteren Lagen 16 eingebracht wird, die in dieser Ausführungsform aus metallischem Werkstoff bestehen. Bei der Lage aus Naturwerkstoff 14 handelt es sich vorliegend um Holzfurnier 18. Bei den weiteren Lagen 16 aus metallischem Werkstoff handelt es sich vorliegend um dünne Stahlbleche 20. Das Holzfurnier 18 und die Stahlbleche 20 werden, was hier nicht gezeigt ist, als Endlosmaterial bevorratet und in einem kontinuierlichen Prozess angeliefert. In Figur 1 erfolgt dies entsprechend dem gezeigten Koordinatensystem in Y-Richtung. The method shown in FIG. 1 begins with a layer of natural material 14 being introduced between two further layers 16 in this embodiment, which in this embodiment consist of metallic material. In the present case, the layer made of natural material 14 is wood veneer 18. The other layers 16 made of metallic material are thin steel sheets 20 in the present case. The wood veneer 18 and the steel sheets 20 are stored and not shown here as continuous material delivered in a continuous process. In Figure 1, this is done in accordance with the coordinate system shown in the Y direction.
Zum Einbringen des Holzfurniers 18 zwischen die Stahlbleche 20 ist eine Walzanlage 22 vorgesehen. Bevor das Holzfurnier 18 zwischen die Stahlbleche 20 eingebracht wird, wird es beidseitig mit einem Klebstoff 24 beschichtet. In diesem Schritt des Verfahrens ist der Klebstoff 24 noch nicht ausgehärtet. A rolling installation 22 is provided for introducing the wood veneer 18 between the steel sheets 20. Before the wood veneer 18 is inserted between the steel sheets 20, it is coated on both sides with an adhesive 24. In this step of the process, the adhesive 24 has not yet hardened.
Nach Durchlauf durch die Walzanlage 22 erfolgt ein Fügen der Stahlbleche 20 mit dem After passing through the rolling mill 22, the steel sheets 20 are joined with the
Holzfurnier 18 zu einem Verbund 26. Zu diesem Zweck durchlaufen die Stahlbleche 20 und das Holzfurnier 18 ein gegebenenfalls temperiertes Presswerkzeug 28. In dem Presswerkzeug 28 erfolgt ein Verpressen der Lagen 14, 16 zu dem Verbund 26 und ein Aushärten des Klebstoffs 24. Wood veneer 18 to form a composite 26. For this purpose, the steel sheets 20 and the wood veneer 18 pass through a press tool 28, which may be tempered. In the press tool 28, the layers 14, 16 are pressed into the composite 26 and the adhesive 24 cures.
Nachdem der Verbund 26 das Presswerkzeug 28 in Y-Richtung verlassen hat, erfolgt ein Abtrennen des Verbunds 26 mit einem Trennwerkzeug 30. Dieses Abtrennen erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise erst nachdem im folgenden beschriebenen Umformschritt des Verbunds 26. Bezüglich des Abtrennens sei noch angemerkt, dass der Prozess zu diesem Zweck auch quasi-kontinuierlich gestaltet sein kann. After the composite 26 has left the pressing tool 28 in the Y direction, the composite 26 is cut off with a cutting tool 30. This cutting is expediently carried out only after the forming step of the composite 26 described below. With regard to the cutting, it should also be noted that the process closes this purpose can also be designed quasi-continuously.
Der angesprochene Umformschritt erfolgt vorliegend mithilfe einer Rollformanlage 32. Der Verbund 26 läuft in Y-Richtung in die Rollformanlage 32 ein und wird dann, vorliegend entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn, um seine Längsachse L aufgewickelt. Die Längsachse L ist vorliegend parallel zur Achse X des gezeigten Koordinatensystems ausgerichtet. Bei diesem Umformschritt wird ein umgeformter Verbund 34 hergestellt, der einen spiralartigen Querschnitt 36 aufweist. The shaping step mentioned takes place in the present case with the aid of a roll-forming machine 32. The assembly 26 runs into the roll-forming machine 32 in the Y direction and is then, in the present case counterclockwise, wound around its longitudinal axis L. In the present case, the longitudinal axis L is aligned parallel to the axis X of the coordinate system shown. In this reshaping step, a reshaped composite 34 is produced which has a spiral-like cross section 36.
In Figur 2 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Strukturelement 10 in einer Querschnittsansicht dargestellt. FIG. 2 shows a structural element 10 according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
Im unteren Teil der Figur 2 ist zunächst das erfindungsgemäße Strukturelement 10 nach Abschluss seines erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahrens gezeigt. Die in Figur 2 enthaltenen Koordinatensysteme stimmen mit denen aus der Figur 1 überein. In the lower part of FIG. 2, the structural element 10 according to the invention is initially shown after its production method according to the invention has been completed. The coordinate systems contained in FIG. 2 correspond to those from FIG. 1.
Im oberen Teil der Figur 2 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform des Strukturelements 10 gezeigt, wobei der umgeformte Verbund 34 mit weiteren Strukturteilen 38 kombiniert wird. Wie im oberen Teil von Figur 2 gezeigt, ist der umgeformte Verbund sandwichartig zwischen den Strukturteilen 38 eingebettet. Dabei bilden die Strukturteile 38 eine äußere Oberfläche 40 des Strukturelements 10. A further embodiment of the structural element 10 is shown in the upper part of FIG. 2, the formed composite 34 being combined with further structural parts 38. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 2, the formed composite is sandwiched between the structural parts 38. The structural parts 38 form an outer surface 40 of the structural element 10.
In Endbereichen 42, exemplarisch gezeigt im rechten Endbereich 42, kann der umgeformte Verbund 34, vorliegend exemplarisch gemeinsam mit den weiteren Strukturteilen 38, einem weiteren Umformschritt unterzogen werden. Der spiralartige Querschnitt 36 wird dabei im Endbereich 42 plattgedrückt und wird Teil einer Schnittstelle 44 zur Montage und Kraftableitung des Strukturelements 10 an umliegende Systeme. In end regions 42, shown by way of example in the right end region 42, the formed composite 34, in the present case, together with the further structural parts 38, can be subjected to a further forming step. The spiral cross section 36 is flattened in the end region 42 and becomes part of an interface 44 for the assembly and force transmission of the structural element 10 to surrounding systems.
Vorliegend erfolgt dieser weitere Umformschritt quer zur Längsachse L und entlang der gesamten Längsachse L. In the present case, this further forming step takes place transversely to the longitudinal axis L and along the entire longitudinal axis L.
In den Endbereichen 42 können die Strukturteile 38 vorzugsweise miteinander verbunden sein. The structural parts 38 can preferably be connected to one another in the end regions 42.
Figur 3 zeigt ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Strukturelement 10. Oben links ist das FIG. 3 shows a further structural element 10 according to the invention
Strukturelement 10 in einer isometrischen Ansicht dargestellt, und der gekennzeichnete Schnittverlauf ist in der Schnittansicht A-A rechts unten dargestellt. Structural element 10 is shown in an isometric view, and the marked section is shown in section A-A at the bottom right.
Bei dem Strukturelement 10 handelt es sich um einen Schweller 46, rein exemplarisch für das in Figur 4 gezeigte Fahrzeug 12. In der Schnittansicht ist der innere Aufbau des Schwellers 46 näher dargestellt. Erkennbar ist, dass der Schweller 46 ein weiteres Strukturteil 38 aus Metall umfasst. Dieses bildet die äußere Oberfläche 40 des Schwellers 46. Innenliegend beziehungsweise der äußeren Oberfläche 40 abgewandt ist der umgeformte Verbund 34 angeordnet. Die Lage aus Naturwerkstoff 14 und die weiteren Lagen 16 aus metallischem Werkstoff sind hier nur vereinfacht dargestellt. Es ist erkennbar, dass der umgeformte Verbund 34 quer zu seiner Längsachse L deformiert ist und der Form des weiteren Strukturteils 38 folgt. In den Endbereichen 42 ist der umgeformte Verbund 34 vollständig plattgedrückt und bildet zusammen mit dem Strukturteil 38 eine mechanische Schnittstelle 44 zum Fahrzeug 12. Greift nun von außen her eine beispielsweise unfallbedingte Kraft F an, so wird die eingebrachte Energie durch den umgeformten Verbund 34 zu einem großen Teil in Deformationsarbeit umgesetzt und im Übrigen über die Schnittstelle 44 in das Fahrzeug 12 abgeleitet. The structural element 10 is a sill 46, purely by way of example for the vehicle 12 shown in FIG. 4. The internal structure of the sill 46 is shown in more detail in the sectional view. It can be seen that the sill 46 comprises a further structural part 38 made of metal. This forms the outer surface 40 of the sill 46. The deformed composite 34 is arranged on the inside or facing away from the outer surface 40. The layer made of natural material 14 and the further layers 16 made of metallic material are only shown in simplified form here. It can be seen that the formed composite 34 is deformed transversely to its longitudinal axis L and follows the shape of the further structural part 38. In the end regions 42, the formed composite 34 is completely flattened and, together with the structural part 38, forms a mechanical interface 44 to the vehicle 12. If, for example, an accident-related force F acts from outside, the energy introduced by the formed composite 34 becomes one largely implemented in deformation work and otherwise derived into the vehicle 12 via the interface 44.
Figur 4 zeigt schließlich das erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeug 12, bei welchem es sich exemplarisch um ein Kraftfahrzeug 48 handelt. FIG. 4 finally shows the vehicle 12 according to the invention, which is an example of a motor vehicle 48.
Das erfindungsgemäße Strukturelement 10 ist bei dem Kraftfahrzeug 48, wie bereits erwähnt, als Schweller 46 verwendet. Es kann aber darüber hinaus auch für sonstige tragende As already mentioned, the structural element 10 according to the invention is used as the sill 46 in the motor vehicle 48. But it can also be used for other load-bearing purposes
Strukturen verwendet werden, beispielsweise auch für eine B-Säule 50. Structures are used, for example also for a B-pillar 50.
Bezugszeichenliste Reference symbol list
10 Strukturelement 10 structural element
12 Fahrzeug 12 vehicle
14 Lage aus Naturwerkstoff 14 Layer made of natural material
16 weitere Lage 16 more locations
18 Holzfurnier 18 wood veneer
0 Stahlblech 0 steel sheet
2 Walzanlage 2 rolling mill
4 Klebstoff 4 glue
6 Verbund 6 composite
8 Presswerkzeug 8 pressing tool
30 Trennwerkzeug 30 cutting tool
32 Rollformanlage 32 roll forming machine
34 umgeformte Verbund 34 formed composite
36 spiralartiger Querschnitt 36 spiral cross section
38 Strukturteil 38 structural part
40 äußere Oberfläche 40 outer surface
42 Endbereich 42 end region
44 Schnittstelle 44 interface
46 Schweller 46 sills
48 Kraftfahrzeug 48 motor vehicle
50 B-Säule 50 B-pillar
L Längsachse L longitudinal axis
F Kraft F force

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strukturelements (10) für ein Fahrzeug (12), umfassend die Schritte: Einbringen einer Lage aus Naturwerkstoff (14) zwischen weiteren Lagen (16) und Fügen der Lagen (14; 16) zu einem Verbund (26) dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbund (26) umgeformt wird, so dass der umgeformte Verbund (34) zumindest abschnittsweise einen spiralartigen Querschnitt (36) aufweist. 1. A method for producing a structural element (10) for a vehicle (12), comprising the steps: inserting a layer of natural material (14) between further layers (16) and joining the layers (14; 16) to form a composite (26) characterized in that the composite (26) is reshaped so that the reshaped composite (34) has a spiral cross-section (36) at least in sections.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weiteren Lagen (16) einen metallischen Werkstoff umfassen. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the further layers (16) comprise a metallic material.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der umgeformte Verbund (34) mit einem Strukturteil (38) kombiniert wird, welches eine äußere Oberfläche (40) des Strukturelements (10) bildet. 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the formed composite (34) is combined with a structural part (38) which forms an outer surface (40) of the structural element (10).
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der umgeformte Verbund (34) einem weiteren Umformschritt unterzogen wird, wobei der spiralartige Querschnitt (36) zumindest abschnittsweise deformiert wird. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformed composite (34) is subjected to a further shaping step, the spiral-like cross section (36) being deformed at least in sections.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weiteren Lagen (16) ein Stahlblech (20) umfassen und die Lage aus Naturwerkstoff (14) Holzfurnier (18) umfasst. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further layers (16) comprise a steel sheet (20) and the layer made of natural material (14) comprises wood veneer (18).
6. Strukturelement (10) für ein Fahrzeug (12), umfassend: eine Lage aus Naturwerkstoff (14), die zwischen weiteren Lagen (16) angeordnet und mit diesen zu einem Verbund (26) gefügt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbund (26) umgeformt ist, so dass der umgeformte Verbund (34) zumindest abschnittsweise einen spiralartigen Querschnitt (36) aufweist. 6. Structural element (10) for a vehicle (12), comprising: a layer made of natural material (14), which is arranged between further layers (16) and joined to form a composite (26), characterized in that the composite ( 26) is reshaped, so that the reshaped composite (34) has a spiral cross section (36) at least in sections.
7. Strukturelement (10) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weiteren 7. Structural element (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the further
Lagen (16) einen metallischen Werkstoff umfassen. Layers (16) comprise a metallic material.
8. Strukturelement (10) nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der umgeformte Verbund (34) mit einem Strukturteil (38) kombiniert ist, welches eine äußere Oberfläche (40) des Strukturelements (10) bildet. 8. Structural element (10) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the formed composite (34) is combined with a structural part (38) which forms an outer surface (40) of the structural element (10).
9. Strukturelement (10) nach Anspruch 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der 9. Structural element (10) according to claim 6 to 8, characterized in that the
spiralartige Querschnitt (36) des umgeformten Verbunds (34) zumindest abschnittsweise deformiert ist. spiral cross section (36) of the formed composite (34) is deformed at least in sections.
10. Fahrzeug (12), umfassend ein Strukturelement (10), nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9 oder hergestellt in einem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5. 10. Vehicle (12) comprising a structural element (10) according to one of claims 6 to 9 or produced in a method according to one of claims 1 to 5.
PCT/EP2019/082339 2018-11-26 2019-11-25 Structural element for a vehicle WO2020109193A1 (en)

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