WO2020105489A1 - Elastic roller - Google Patents

Elastic roller

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Publication number
WO2020105489A1
WO2020105489A1 PCT/JP2019/044119 JP2019044119W WO2020105489A1 WO 2020105489 A1 WO2020105489 A1 WO 2020105489A1 JP 2019044119 W JP2019044119 W JP 2019044119W WO 2020105489 A1 WO2020105489 A1 WO 2020105489A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
elastic
less
isocyanate compound
surface layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/044119
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雄作 森
沙織 宇都宮
寛之 ▲高▼梨
朋晴 竹内
Original Assignee
信越ポリマー株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 信越ポリマー株式会社 filed Critical 信越ポリマー株式会社
Priority to CN201980052921.3A priority Critical patent/CN112543894B/en
Publication of WO2020105489A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020105489A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elastic roller.
  • Development rollers used in image forming devices such as copiers, printers, and facsimiles that use electrophotography have the function of conveying the developer to the image carrier on which the electrostatic latent image is formed.
  • the developer transportability of the developing roller affects the quality of the image forming apparatus, especially the print density. Therefore, it has been studied to form unevenness on the surface of the developing roller and adjust the electrical characteristics of various materials forming the developing roller, thereby improving the developer transportability of the developing roller.
  • the developer may stick to the surface of the developing roller when used for a long time (referred to as "filming").
  • filming is, for example, because the developer is deformed or destroyed by the sliding stress of the blade or the like that is in pressure contact with the elastic roller when the developer is charged or adhered, and further, the development by frictional heat with the blade or the like is performed. It is considered to be caused by the melting of the agent.
  • it has been required to provide an elastic roller in which the occurrence of filming is suppressed as much as possible and thereby the durable printing performance is stabilized.
  • a conductive shaft, a conductive elastic layer formed on the outer periphery of the conductive shaft, and an outer periphery of the conductive elastic layer are formed.
  • a shaft made of at least a metal, an elastic layer carried on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a surface layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer are used.
  • the surface layer is made of fluoroethylene vinyl ether copolymer.
  • Polyurethane comprising a reaction product of a polymer and an isocyanate cyanurate, and fine particles having a primary particle diameter of 5 to 30 nm are contained, and the polyurethane has a peak intensity ratio of NCO groups and hydroxyl groups of 5 in the infrared absorption spectrum by the ATR method.
  • An elastic roller is disclosed which is characterized in that it is between 0.6 and 8.8.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an elastic roller in which the occurrence of filming and the decrease in print density are favorably suppressed.
  • an elastic roller including a shaft, an elastic layer provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and a surface layer provided outside the elastic layer, an elastic layer
  • the present invention is completed and the present invention is completed.
  • the present invention provides the following.
  • An elastic roller including a shaft body, an elastic layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the shaft body, and a surface layer provided outside the elastic layer, wherein the elastic roller includes the elastic layer and the surface layer.
  • An adhesive layer is provided between the elastic layer and the elastic layer, the resistance value of the elastic layer is 1 ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ or more and 5 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ or less, and the relative dielectric constant of the adhesive layer is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz.
  • An elastic roller having a relative dielectric constant of 1,000 to 10,000 at 0.01 Hz, a relative dielectric constant of 1 to 10 at 100 Hz, and 10 to 200 at 0.01 Hz.
  • the surface layer is a binder base material obtained by mixing both ends modified silicone oil with a carbonate polyol and / or a fluorine polyol, and further mixing and reacting an isocyanurate type isocyanate compound and / or an adduct type isocyanate compound.
  • the elastic roller according to any one of (1) to (3), which is formed by adding silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles having a size of 2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less and a second isocyanate compound and curing the mixture.
  • the elastic roller 1 of the present invention includes a shaft body 2, an elastic layer 3 provided on the outer surface of the shaft body 2, and a surface layer 4 provided outside the elastic layer 3.
  • the elastic roller 1 of the present invention is preferably used as a developing roller, but is not limited to such an application.
  • shaft body 2 As the shaft body 2, preferably, a shaft body having a conductive property and used in a conventionally known elastic roller can be used.
  • the shaft body 2 is preferably made of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and brass, for example.
  • such a shaft body 2 is generally known by the name of "core bar”.
  • the shaft body 2 may include an insulating resin.
  • the insulating resin may be, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.
  • the shaft body 2 may include, for example, a core body made of an insulating resin and a plating layer provided on the core body. Such a shaft body 2 can be obtained, for example, by plating a core body made of an insulating resin to make it conductive.
  • the shaft body 2 is preferably a core metal in order to obtain good conductive properties.
  • the shape of the shaft body 2 is preferably, for example, a rod shape, a tubular shape, or the like.
  • the sectional shape of the shaft body 2 may be, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a non-circular shape such as a polygonal shape.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2 may be subjected to treatments such as cleaning treatment, degreasing treatment, and primer treatment.
  • the axial length of the shaft body 2 is not particularly limited and may be appropriately adjusted according to the form of the image forming apparatus to be installed.
  • the diameter of the shaft body 2 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the form of the image forming apparatus to be installed.
  • the resistance value of the elastic layer 3 is 1 ⁇ 10 1 ⁇ or more and 1 ⁇ 10 7 ⁇ or less.
  • the resistance value of the elastic layer 3 is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ or more and 1 ⁇ 10 7 ⁇ or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ or more and 5 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ or less.
  • Elastic layer 3 is made of a rubber material including silicone rubber. Since the elastic layer 3 contains the silicone rubber, the compression set can be reduced and the flexibility in the low temperature environment is excellent.
  • silicone rubber examples include crosslinked products of organopolysiloxane such as dimethylpolysiloxane and diphenylpolysiloxane. Further, the silicone rubber may be a modified product thereof.
  • the elastic layer 3 preferably mainly contains silicone rubber. Specifically, the content of the silicone rubber in the elastic layer 3 is preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 40% by mass or more, and 60% by mass based on the total mass of the elastic layer 3. It is more preferable that the above is satisfied.
  • the elastic layer 3 may include components other than the rubber material.
  • the elastic layer 3 may further include a conductivity imparting agent.
  • the conductivity imparting agent is not particularly limited as long as it is a component for imparting conductivity to the elastic layer 3.
  • Examples of the conductivity-imparting agent include conductive carbon, carbons for rubber, metal, conductive powder containing a conductive polymer, and the like.
  • Carbon black is preferably used as the conductive powder, and examples of carbon black include furnace black such as Ketjen black (registered trademark), acetylene black, channel black, and thermal black.
  • the elastic layer 3 is formed so that the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2 is exposed at both ends of the shaft body 2 in the axial direction. That is, on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2, there is a region where the elastic layer 3 is not provided.
  • the mode of the elastic layer 3 in the present invention is not limited to such a mode, and the elastic layer 3 may be provided so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2.
  • the elastic layer 3 may be a solid layer, and preferably has no hollow inside the layer.
  • solid means that the layer does not have 0.1 mm 2 / piece or more hollows.
  • the JIS A hardness of the elastic layer 3 is preferably 20 or more and 55 or less. Since the JIS A hardness (JIS K 6301) of the elastic layer 3 is within the above range, the contact area (nip width) between the elastic roller 1 and the contacted object (for example, an image bearing member such as a photoconductor) is large. Therefore, performances such as transfer efficiency, charging efficiency, and development efficiency tend to be further improved. Further, the possibility of mechanically damaging the contacted body is reduced.
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 3 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less from the viewpoint that a uniform nip width with the contacted body can be ensured in the contact state with the contacted body. It is more preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
  • “thickness” means the thickness of the elastic roller 1 in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the outer diameter of the elastic layer 3 is not particularly limited. The outer diameter may be, for example, 5 mm or more and 20 mm or less. In the present specification, the "outer diameter" means the outer diameter of the elastic roller 1 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the thickness and outer diameter of the elastic layer 3 are adjusted by adjusting the amount of the rubber composition used when forming the elastic layer 3, polishing or grinding the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3 after forming the elastic layer 3, and the like. Can be adjusted by.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3 may be subjected to surface treatment such as primer treatment, corona treatment, plasma treatment, excimer treatment, UV treatment, itro treatment and flame treatment.
  • the elastic layer 3 may be a cured product of the rubber composition shown below.
  • the above rubber composition preferably contains a rubber component forming a silicone rubber by crosslinking.
  • a rubber component include silicone raw rubber such as organopolysiloxane.
  • organopolysiloxane examples include the organopolysiloxane represented by the following average composition formula.
  • RnSiO (4-n) / 2 [R represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group which may be substituted. The carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 or more and 12 or less, and more preferably 1 or more and 8 or less. A plurality of R may be the same or different. n shows the number of 1.95 or more and 2.05 or less. ]
  • R in the above formula examples include an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group, and a dodecyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, and hexenyl.
  • Groups such as alkenyl groups, phenyl groups, tolyl groups, etc. aryl groups, ⁇ -phenylpropyl groups, etc.
  • aralkyl groups and chloromethyl groups, trifluoropropyl groups, cyanoethyl groups, etc., hydrogen bonded to carbon atoms of the above groups
  • examples thereof include organic groups in which some or all of the atoms are substituted with halogen atoms or cyano groups.
  • the organopolysiloxane is preferably an organopolysiloxane containing at least two alkenyl groups bonded to a silicon atom in one molecule.
  • at least two R's preferably have the above alkenyl group.
  • the organopolysiloxane has a vinyl group.
  • organopolysiloxane examples include dimethylpolysiloxane and diphenylpolysiloxane.
  • the organopolysiloxane preferably has a molecular chain terminal blocked with a trimethylsilyl group, a dimethylvinylsilyl group, a dimethylhydroxysilyl group, a trivinylsilyl group, or the like.
  • the rubber composition may contain various additives.
  • additives include, for example, conductivity-imparting agents, chain extenders, and auxiliary agents such as crosslinking agents, catalysts such as addition reaction catalysts, reaction control agents, dispersants, antioxidants, antioxidants, and fillers.
  • catalysts such as addition reaction catalysts, reaction control agents, dispersants, antioxidants, antioxidants, and fillers.
  • the rubber composition may be a liquid rubber composition or a millable rubber composition.
  • the surface layer 4 is provided on the outermost surface of the elastic roller 1.
  • the relative dielectric constant of the surface layer 4 is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz, and 10 or more and 100 or less at 0.01 Hz.
  • the relative dielectric constant of the surface layer 4 is preferably 1 or more and 5 or less at 100 Hz, and preferably 7 or more and 120 or less at 0.01 Hz.
  • the surface layer 4 is formed by applying and curing a mixture of the following components (A) to (D).
  • a binder main agent obtained by polymerizing a composition comprising a silicone oil modified at both ends and an isocyanate compound,
  • B a second isocyanate compound,
  • C Silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles having a particle size of 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less,
  • D Diluting solvent.
  • the binder main agent is obtained by polymerizing a composition comprising a silicone oil modified at both ends and an isocyanate compound. If necessary, this composition may further contain a fluorine resin such as a silicone oil modified with a diol having a single terminal, a polyol, and a tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.
  • the both-end modified silicone oil is one of so-called reactive silicone oils and has a property of polymerizing with an isocyanate compound. Therefore, the silicone oil modified at both ends is preferably modified at both ends of the silicone chain with an amino group (primary or secondary amino group), a mercapto group, or a hydroxyl group.
  • These both-end modified silicone oils are commercially available as both-end amino-modified silicone oils, both-end mercapto-modified silicone oils, both-end carboxyl-modified silicone oils, both-end phenol-modified silicone oils, and both-end carbinol-modified silicone oils.
  • examples of the preferred both-end modified silicone oil used in the present invention include the both-end modified silicone oil represented by the following general formula (1).
  • R represents —C 3 H 6 OC 2 H 4 OH or —C 3 H 6 OCH 2 —C (CH 2 OH) 2 C 2 H 5 , and n is 20 or less. Represents an integer.
  • silicone oils represented by the general formula (1) it is particularly preferable to use a silicone oil in which R at both ends is —C 3 H 6 OC 2 H 4 OH and n is about 10. ..
  • silicone oil commercially available products can be appropriately obtained.
  • the functional group bonded to the silicon atom is a methyl group, but a silicone oil modified at both ends in which the methyl group is replaced with a hydrogen atom may be used.
  • the one-end diol-modified silicone oil is a reactive silicone oil like the both-end modified silicone oil, but two hydroxyl groups are bonded to one end of the silicone chain.
  • a linear polyurethane is produced.
  • a branched chain is introduced into the polyurethane and the elastic roller 1 It is possible to improve the nano-level fine roughness of.
  • Examples of the one-end diol-modified silicone oil include one-end modified silicone oil represented by the following general formula (2).
  • R ′ represents —C 3 H 6 OCH 2 —C (CH 2 OH) 2 C 2 H 5
  • n represents an integer of 20 or less.
  • silicone oils modified with a diol having a single terminal represented by the general formula (2)
  • the functional group bonded to the silicon atom is a methyl group, but a silicone oil in which the methyl group is replaced with a hydrogen atom may be used.
  • the one-terminal diol-modified silicone oil used for preparing the binder main agent is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of both-end modified silicone oil, and 2 parts by mass. More preferably, it is 4 parts by mass or less.
  • the isocyanate compound used for the preparation of the binder main agent is not particularly limited as long as it has reactivity with the reactive group introduced into the silicone oil, for example, diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
  • diisocyanates such as (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and modified products of these isocyanates such as adduct type, burette type, isocyanurate type, and allophanate type.
  • isocyanate compounds isocyanurate type isocyanate compounds and adduct type isocyanate compounds are preferable, and these may be used alone or in combination. The longer the molecular chain of the isocyanate compound, the more flexible the polyurethane can be produced.
  • the isocyanate compound used for preparing the binder main agent is preferably 7.78 parts by mass or more and 23.30 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silicone oil modified at both ends, and 11.67. It is more preferable that the amount is not less than 19.45 parts by mass.
  • Carbonate polyol, hydrogenated butadiene polyol, fluorine polyol The carbonate polyol, the fluorine polyol, and the hydrogenated butadiene polyol react with the above-mentioned isocyanate compound or the second isocyanate compound described later to form polyurethane.
  • these polyols may be used alone, or a plurality of polyols may be used in combination.
  • the polyol to be used it is preferable to use carbonate polyol and fluorine polyol alone or in combination.
  • the carbonate polyol and / or the fluorine polyol is preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silicone oil modified at both ends.
  • these polyols commercially available products can be used.
  • (B) Second isocyanate compound As the isocyanate compound, various isocyanate compounds usually used in the preparation of polyurethane (for example, aromatic isocyanate compound, aliphatic isocyanate compound, alicyclic isocyanate compound) can be used.
  • aromatic isocyanate compound examples include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI), and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4 '-MDI), 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,4'-MDI), 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate (TODI), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), Examples thereof include 3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate.
  • aliphatic isocyanate compound examples include hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMHDI), lysine diisocyanate, norbornene diisocyanatomethyl (NBDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate. (TMXDI) and the like.
  • examples of the alicyclic polyisocyanate include transcyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), H6XDI (hydrogenated XDI), H12MDI (hydrogenated MDI), and 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane. Examples thereof include diisocyanate.
  • the amount of the second isocyanate compound used in the mixed liquid used for forming the surface layer 4 is such that the reaction rate of the second isocyanate compound is 80% or more and 126% or less, preferably 95% or more and 112% or less. Is preferably used.
  • the mixed liquid for forming the surface layer 4 contains silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles.
  • the particle size of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the silicone rubber particles and acrylic particles used in the present invention preferably have heat resistance such that they are not deformed or melted even at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, and more preferably have a heat resistance at 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. Thereby, even at the crosslinking temperature of the surface layer 4, the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles can be prevented from being deformed.
  • the heat resistance of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles can be evaluated by confirming that the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles do not melt and flow out even when pressure and heat are applied in the melt flow indexer.
  • the hardness of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles is preferably 20 degrees or more and 80 degrees or less, more preferably 50 degrees or more and 75 degrees or less, as measured by Durometer A (instantaneous) (JIS K 6253: 1997). ..
  • Durometer A instantaneous
  • JIS K 6253: 1997 JIS K 6253: 1997.
  • the hardness of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles is within the above range, it is possible to effectively prevent the increase of the friction coefficient of the surface layer 4 and the occurrence of adhesion due to the destruction and deformation of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles.
  • the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles may be present (embedded) in the surface layer 4, or a part thereof may be projected on the surface of the surface layer 4. Further, it may be dispersed non-uniformly in the surface layer 4, or may be unevenly distributed on the surface side of the surface layer 4.
  • silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles for the silicone rubber particles, a structure obtained by crosslinking dimethylpolysiloxane, etc., organopolysiloxane, polyorganosylsesoxane is preferable, and as the acrylic particles, use commercially available acrylic particles. You can
  • silicone rubber particles as organic groups, alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group and butyl group; aryl groups such as phenyl group and tolyl group; alkenyl groups such as vinyl group and allyl group; ⁇ - Aralkyl groups such as phenylethyl group and ⁇ -phenylpropyl group; monovalent halogenated hydrocarbon groups such as chloromethyl group and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group; epoxy group, amino group, mercapto group, acryloxy group, Organopolysiloxane or organopolysilsesquioxane having a group selected from one or two or more monovalent organic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms selected from reactive group-containing organic groups such as methacryloxy group
  • the particles prepared from the organopolysiloxane or the organopolysilsesquioxane may be particles surface-treated with an organoalkoxysilane.
  • silicone rubber particles examples include “KMP-597” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., “EP-5500”, “EP-2600”, and “EP-2601” manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. , “E-2720", “DY 33-430M”, “EP-2720”, “EP-9215 Cosmetic Powder”, “9701 Cosmetic Powder”, etc. can be used.
  • the amount of silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles used is preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 20 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder main agent. ..
  • ((D) Diluting solvent As the diluting solvent, an aqueous solvent and an organic solvent can be used, and a low boiling point solvent and a high boiling point solvent can be used in combination depending on the required drying rate.
  • the solid content concentration is preferably within the range of 10% by mass to 50% by mass, and within the range of 20% by mass to 40% by mass. Is more preferable.
  • the solid content concentration is low, liquid dripping is likely to occur at the time of coating, and it takes time to dry.
  • the coating surface may be rough or the thickness control may be difficult.
  • the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles swell in the mixed liquid, and the surface layer 4 can be made to have no repellency or dent and the sedimentation of the silicone rubber particles or the acrylic particles in the mixed liquid is suppressed. be able to.
  • an organic solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene, heptane, cyclohexanone, and isophorone.
  • MEK methyl ethyl ketone
  • MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • the elastic roller 1 of the present invention includes an adhesive layer between the shaft body 2 and the elastic layer 3 and between the elastic layer 3 and the surface layer 4.
  • the electrical characteristics of the elastic roller 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the electrical characteristics of the adhesive layer.
  • the developing performance of the elastic roller 1 as the developing roller can be adjusted well.
  • the relative dielectric constant of the adhesive layer is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz and 1000 or more and 10000 or less at 0.01 Hz.
  • the relative dielectric constant of the adhesive layer is preferably 4.0 or more and 10.0 or less at 100 Hz, and preferably 2000 or more and 5000 or less at 0.01 Hz.
  • the adhesive layer preferably contains an organic titanium compound and / or an organic zirconium compound, and more preferably contains these organic metal compounds and a silane coupling agent.
  • the organic titanium compound and the organic zirconium compound in combination with the silane coupling agent, the relative dielectric constant of the elastic layer 3 is increased to maintain good developing performance and to bond the elastic layer 3 and the surface layer 4 together. It is possible to improve the property.
  • the organic titanium compound include a titanium compound containing an alkoxy group and a titanium chelate compound
  • examples of the organic zirconium compound include a zirconium compound containing an alkoxy group and a zirconium chelate compound.
  • these organic titanium compounds and organic zirconium compounds commercially available compounds can be appropriately used.
  • ⁇ Preparation of binder main agent> The following materials were mixed to prepare a composition for preparing a binder base material, which was held at 100 to 120 ° C. for 4 to 6 hours to prepare a binder base material.
  • Table 1 shows the detailed formulation for preparing the composition for preparing the binder main component.
  • Binder Main Agent (A1) Both ends hydroxyl group modified dimethyl silicone oil (A2) One end diol modified silicone oil (A3) Carbonate diol (A4) Tetrafluoroethylene copolymer polyol (A5) Polyester polyol (A6) Isocyanate compound (adduct type isocyanate ) (A7) Isocyanate compound (isocyanurate type isocyanate)
  • An elastic body made of a rubber material was molded on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body by extrusion molding using a rubber composition formed of silicone rubber.
  • the rubber composition formed from silicone rubber was heated at 360 ° C. for 5 minutes using an infrared heating furnace (IR furnace), and further heated at 200 ° C. for 4 hours using a gear oven. Cured.
  • IR furnace infrared heating furnace
  • an elastic layer made of a cured product of the rubber composition was formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft treated with the primer.
  • the elastic layer was a solid layer, and the thickness of the elastic layer was 4.25 mm.
  • the resistance value of the elastic layer was measured using R8340 ULTRA HIGH RESISTANCE METER (manufactured by ADVANTEST Co., Ltd.), it was 1.00 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ .
  • the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer was UV-treated.
  • the adhesive primer layer shown in Table 2 was applied onto the UV-treated elastic layer according to each category of Examples and Comparative Examples, and then the mixed solution shown in Table 2 was applied by a spray method.
  • the applied mixed liquid was heated at 150 to 160 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a surface layer on the elastic layer.
  • the thickness of the surface layer was 7 ⁇ m.
  • the print density and the filming amount of each of the manufactured developing rollers were measured as follows.
  • the image forming apparatus used was model number: HL-L2360DN (manufactured by Brother Industries, Ltd.).
  • As the developing roller of the image forming apparatus each manufactured developing roller was mounted in the developing apparatus. Then, a solid image was formed under the conditions of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55%, and the print evaluation was confirmed.
  • the filming condition after printing 4000 sheets and the image quality after printing 4000 sheets (the density step ratio between the initial print forming portion and the final print forming portion of solid printing) were evaluated.
  • An X-Rite 500 spectrodensitometer manufactured by X-Rite was used for the concentration measurement.
  • the print density was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. In this test, the print density is A when the evaluation is A. A: When the density step ratio is 96 to 100% and the printing dots are clean B: When the density step ratio is 92 to 95% and there are other problems (coarse printing dots) C : When the density step ratio is 91% or less and there are other problems
  • Toner adhesion was evaluated by the amount of developer adhered. Specifically, after sucking the developer adhering to the surface of the developing roller after printing 4000 sheets, the mass transferred to the filming weight measuring jig was measured. For the filming evaluation, the mass of the transferred developer was evaluated according to the following criteria. In this test, the filming amount is evaluated as A or B when the evaluation is acceptable. A: 0 mg or more and 0.003 mg or less B: 0.003 mg or more and 0.006 mg or less C: 0.006 mg or more
  • Table 2 shows the evaluation results.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)

Abstract

This elastic roller is provided with a shaft body, an elastic layer provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body, and a surface layer provided outside of the elastic layer. The elastic roller comprises an adhesive layer disposed between the elastic layer and the surface layer, the resistance value of the elastic layer is 1×104 Ω to 1×106 Ω, the relative permittivity of the adhesive layer is 1-10 at 100 Hz and 1000-10,000 at 0.01 Hz, and the relative permittivity of the surface layer is 1-10 at 100 Hz and 10-200 at 0.01 Hz.

Description

弾性ローラElastic roller
　本発明は、弾性ローラに関する。 The present invention relates to an elastic roller.
　電子写真方式を採用する複写機、プリンター、ファクシミリ等の画像形成装置に用いられる現像ローラは、静電潜像が形成された像担持体に現像剤を搬送する機能を持つ。現像ローラが有する現像剤搬送性は、画像形成装置の品質、特に印字濃度に影響する。したがって、現像ローラの表面に凹凸を形成するとともに、現像ローラを構成する各種材料の電気的特性を調整し、これにより、現像ローラの現像剤搬送性を向上させることが検討されている。 Development rollers used in image forming devices such as copiers, printers, and facsimiles that use electrophotography have the function of conveying the developer to the image carrier on which the electrostatic latent image is formed. The developer transportability of the developing roller affects the quality of the image forming apparatus, especially the print density. Therefore, it has been studied to form unevenness on the surface of the developing roller and adjust the electrical characteristics of various materials forming the developing roller, thereby improving the developer transportability of the developing roller.
　ここで、現像ローラは、長期間使用された場合、その表面に現像剤が固着することがある（「フィルミング」という）。このようなフィルミングは、例えば、現像剤を帯電又は付着させる際に弾性ローラと圧接するブレード等の摺動ストレスによって現像剤が変形し、又は破壊され、さらに、ブレード等との摩擦熱による現像剤の溶融等に起因して生じるものと考えられている。従来、現像ローラの製造にあたっては、フィルミングの発生を極力抑制し、これにより、耐久印字性能が安定化された弾性ローラを提供することが求められていた。 Here, the developer may stick to the surface of the developing roller when used for a long time (referred to as "filming"). Such filming is, for example, because the developer is deformed or destroyed by the sliding stress of the blade or the like that is in pressure contact with the elastic roller when the developer is charged or adhered, and further, the development by frictional heat with the blade or the like is performed. It is considered to be caused by the melting of the agent. Heretofore, in the production of the developing roller, it has been required to provide an elastic roller in which the occurrence of filming is suppressed as much as possible and thereby the durable printing performance is stabilized.
　フィルミング抑制について検討された弾性ローラとして例えば特許文献１には、導電性軸体と、該導電性軸体の外周に形成された導電性弾性層と、該導電性弾性層の外周に形成されたトナー担持層と、を有する現像ローラであって、トナー担持層は、表面に平均粒径１１ｎｍ以上４０ｎｍ以下の粒子が分散されており、現像ローラの回転トルクが２．５Ｎ以上３．５Ｎ以下であることを特徴とする弾性ローラが開示されている。 As an elastic roller that has been studied for suppressing filming, for example, in Patent Document 1, a conductive shaft, a conductive elastic layer formed on the outer periphery of the conductive shaft, and an outer periphery of the conductive elastic layer are formed. And a toner carrying layer, wherein the toner carrying layer has particles having an average particle diameter of 11 nm or more and 40 nm or less dispersed on the surface thereof, and the developing roller has a rotation torque of 2.5 N or more and 3.5 N or less. An elastic roller is disclosed.
　また、特許文献２には、少なくとも金属からなる軸と、該軸の外周に担持された弾性層と、該弾性層の外周面に形成された表層からなり、該表層は、フルオロエチレンビニルエーテル共重合体とイソシアネートのシアヌレート体との反応物からなるポリウレタンと、一次粒子径が５～３０ｎｍの微粒子を含有し、かつ前記ポリウレタンはＡＴＲ法による赤外吸収スペクトルにおけるＮＣＯ基と水酸基のピーク強度比が５．６～８．８であることを特徴とする弾性ローラが開示されている。 In Patent Document 2, a shaft made of at least a metal, an elastic layer carried on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a surface layer formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer are used. The surface layer is made of fluoroethylene vinyl ether copolymer. Polyurethane comprising a reaction product of a polymer and an isocyanate cyanurate, and fine particles having a primary particle diameter of 5 to 30 nm are contained, and the polyurethane has a peak intensity ratio of NCO groups and hydroxyl groups of 5 in the infrared absorption spectrum by the ATR method. An elastic roller is disclosed which is characterized in that it is between 0.6 and 8.8.
特開２０１６－１７７２５３号公報JP, 2016-177253, A 特開２０１４－２１５５４６号公報JP, 2014-215546, A
　しかしながら、特許文献１及び特許文献２に記載の弾性ローラでは、フィルミングの発生が抑制されたとしても、現像剤を担持又は供給するための静電容量が低下する傾向にあり、安定的に現像剤を帯電させることができず、結果として印字濃度が低下する場合があった。
　本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、フィルミングの発生及び印字濃度の低下が良好に抑制された弾性ローラを提供することを目的とする。 However, with the elastic rollers described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, even if the occurrence of filming is suppressed, the electrostatic capacity for carrying or supplying the developer tends to decrease, and stable development is achieved. In some cases, the agent could not be charged, resulting in a decrease in print density.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an elastic roller in which the occurrence of filming and the decrease in print density are favorably suppressed.
　本発明の発明者らは、鋭意研究を行った結果、軸体と、軸体の外周面上に設けられる弾性層と、弾性層より外側に設けられる表層と、を備える弾性ローラにおいて、弾性層の抵抗値、表層の比誘電率及び弾性層と表層との間に設けられた接着層又はプライマー層の比誘電率を調整することにより、上記課題を解決することを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。具体的には、本発明は、以下のものを提供する。 The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies and as a result, in an elastic roller including a shaft, an elastic layer provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and a surface layer provided outside the elastic layer, an elastic layer By adjusting the resistance value, the relative permittivity of the surface layer and the relative permittivity of the adhesive layer or the primer layer provided between the elastic layer and the surface layer, the present invention is completed and the present invention is completed. Came to. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.
　（１）軸体と、前記軸体の外周面上に設けられる弾性層と、弾性層より外側に設けられる表層と、を備える弾性ローラであって、前記弾性ローラは、前記弾性層と前記表層との間に接着層を設けており、前記弾性層の抵抗値が１×１０４Ω以上５×１０６Ω以下であり、前記接着層の比誘電率が、１００Ｈｚにおいて１以上１０以下であり、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて１０００以上１００００以下であり、前記表層の比誘電率が１００Ｈｚにおいて１以上１０以下であり、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて１０以上２００以下である、弾性ローラ。 (1) An elastic roller including a shaft body, an elastic layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the shaft body, and a surface layer provided outside the elastic layer, wherein the elastic roller includes the elastic layer and the surface layer. An adhesive layer is provided between the elastic layer and the elastic layer, the resistance value of the elastic layer is 1 × 10 4 Ω or more and 5 × 10 6 Ω or less, and the relative dielectric constant of the adhesive layer is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz. An elastic roller having a relative dielectric constant of 1,000 to 10,000 at 0.01 Hz, a relative dielectric constant of 1 to 10 at 100 Hz, and 10 to 200 at 0.01 Hz.
　（２）前記接着層が、有機チタン化合物及び／又は有機ジルコニウム化合物を含有する、（１）に記載の弾性ローラ。 (2) The elastic roller according to (1), wherein the adhesive layer contains an organic titanium compound and / or an organic zirconium compound.
　（３）前記表層が、両末端変性シリコーンオイルに、イソシアヌレート型イソシアネート化合物及び／又はアダクト型イソシアネート化合物を混合して反応させたバインダー主剤に、２μｍ以上１０μｍ以下のシリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子と、第二のイソシアネート化合物と、を加えて硬化して形成される、（１）又は（２）に記載の弾性ローラ。 (3) Silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles having a surface layer of 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less in a binder main agent obtained by mixing both ends modified silicone oil with an isocyanurate type isocyanate compound and / or an adduct type isocyanate compound And the second isocyanate compound are added and cured to form the elastic roller according to (1) or (2).
　（４）前記表層が、両末端変性シリコーンオイルに、カーボネートポリオール及び／又はフッ素ポリオールを混合し、更に、イソシアヌレート型イソシアネート化合物及び／又はアダクト型イソシアネート化合物を混合して反応させたバインダー主剤に、２μｍ以上１０μｍ以下のシリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子と、第二のイソシアネート化合物と、を加えて硬化して形成される、（１）から（３）のいずれかに記載の弾性ローラ。 (4) The surface layer is a binder base material obtained by mixing both ends modified silicone oil with a carbonate polyol and / or a fluorine polyol, and further mixing and reacting an isocyanurate type isocyanate compound and / or an adduct type isocyanate compound. The elastic roller according to any one of (1) to (3), which is formed by adding silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles having a size of 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less and a second isocyanate compound and curing the mixture.
　本発明によれば、フィルミングの発生及び印字濃度の低下が良好に抑制された弾性ローラを提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elastic roller in which the occurrence of filming and the decrease in print density are well suppressed.
本発明の弾性ローラを示す図面である。It is drawing which shows the elastic roller of this invention.
　以下、本発明について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
　＜弾性ローラ＞
　本発明の弾性ローラ１は、軸体２と、軸体２の外表面に設けられる弾性層３と、弾性層３より外側に設けられる表層４と、を備える。本発明の弾性ローラ１は、好ましくは、現像ローラとして用いられるものであるが、そのような用途に限定されるものではない。 <Elastic roller>
The elastic roller 1 of the present invention includes a shaft body 2, an elastic layer 3 provided on the outer surface of the shaft body 2, and a surface layer 4 provided outside the elastic layer 3. The elastic roller 1 of the present invention is preferably used as a developing roller, but is not limited to such an application.
　［軸体］
　軸体２は、好ましくは、導電特性を有する、従来公知の弾性ローラに用いられる軸体を用いることができる。軸体２は、例えば、鉄、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、及び真鍮からなる群より選択される少なくとも１種の金属で構成されていることが好ましい。なお、このような軸体２は、一般に、「芯金」の名称でも知られている。 [Shaft]
As the shaft body 2, preferably, a shaft body having a conductive property and used in a conventionally known elastic roller can be used. The shaft body 2 is preferably made of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and brass, for example. In addition, such a shaft body 2 is generally known by the name of "core bar".
　軸体２は、絶縁性樹脂を含むものであってもよい。絶縁性樹脂は、例えば、熱可塑性樹脂であってもよく、熱硬化性樹脂であってもよい。軸体２は、例えば、絶縁性樹脂からなる芯体と、この芯体上に設けられたメッキ層と、を備えるものであってよい。このような軸体２は、例えば、絶縁性樹脂からなる芯体にメッキを施して導電化することにより得ることができる。 The shaft body 2 may include an insulating resin. The insulating resin may be, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. The shaft body 2 may include, for example, a core body made of an insulating resin and a plating layer provided on the core body. Such a shaft body 2 can be obtained, for example, by plating a core body made of an insulating resin to make it conductive.
　軸体２は、良好な導電特性を得るために、芯金であることが好ましい。 The shaft body 2 is preferably a core metal in order to obtain good conductive properties.
　軸体２の形状は、例えば、棒状、管状等であることが好ましい。軸体２の断面形状は、例えば、円形、楕円形であってもよく、多角形等の非円形であってもよい。軸体２の外周面には、洗浄処理、脱脂処理、プライマー処理等の処理が施されていてもよい。 The shape of the shaft body 2 is preferably, for example, a rod shape, a tubular shape, or the like. The sectional shape of the shaft body 2 may be, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a non-circular shape such as a polygonal shape. The outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2 may be subjected to treatments such as cleaning treatment, degreasing treatment, and primer treatment.
　軸体２の軸方向の長さは特に限定されず、設置される画像形成装置の形態に応じて適宜調整してもよい。また、軸体２の直径（外接円の直径）も特に限定されず、設置される画像形成装置の形態に応じて適宜調整すればよい。 The axial length of the shaft body 2 is not particularly limited and may be appropriately adjusted according to the form of the image forming apparatus to be installed. The diameter of the shaft body 2 (diameter of the circumscribing circle) is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the form of the image forming apparatus to be installed.
　［弾性層］
　本発明の弾性ローラ１において、弾性層３の抵抗値は、１×１０１Ω以上１×１０７Ω以下である。弾性層３の抵抗値を当該範囲に調整することにより、特に初期段階（例えば１枚から５００枚程度）における現像剤の帯電性を安定させ、印字濃度の低下を抑制することができる。弾性層３の抵抗値は、１×１０３Ω以上１×１０７Ω以下であることが好ましく、１×１０４Ω以上５×１０６Ω以下であることがより好ましい。 [Elastic layer]
In the elastic roller 1 of the present invention, the resistance value of the elastic layer 3 is 1 × 10 1 Ω or more and 1 × 10 7 Ω or less. By adjusting the resistance value of the elastic layer 3 within the range, it is possible to stabilize the chargeability of the developer particularly in the initial stage (for example, about 1 to 500 sheets) and suppress the decrease in print density. The resistance value of the elastic layer 3 is preferably 1 × 10 3 Ω or more and 1 × 10 7 Ω or less, and more preferably 1 × 10 4 Ω or more and 5 × 10 6 Ω or less.
　弾性層３は、シリコーンゴムを含むゴム材料から構成される。弾性層３がシリコーンゴムを含むことで、圧縮永久歪みを低減することができるとともに、低温環境下における柔軟性に優れるという効果が得られる。 Elastic layer 3 is made of a rubber material including silicone rubber. Since the elastic layer 3 contains the silicone rubber, the compression set can be reduced and the flexibility in the low temperature environment is excellent.
　シリコーンゴムとしては、例えば、ジメチルポリシロキサン、ジフェニルポリシロキサン等のオルガノポリシロキサンの架橋物が挙げられる。また、シリコーンゴムは、これらの変性物であってもよい。 Examples of the silicone rubber include crosslinked products of organopolysiloxane such as dimethylpolysiloxane and diphenylpolysiloxane. Further, the silicone rubber may be a modified product thereof.
　弾性層３は、主としてシリコーンゴムを含んでいることが好ましい。具体的には、弾性層３におけるシリコーンゴムの含有量が、弾性層３の全質量を基準として、３０質量％以上であることが好ましく、４０質量％以上であることがより好ましく、６０質量％以上であることが更に好ましい。 The elastic layer 3 preferably mainly contains silicone rubber. Specifically, the content of the silicone rubber in the elastic layer 3 is preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 40% by mass or more, and 60% by mass based on the total mass of the elastic layer 3. It is more preferable that the above is satisfied.
　弾性層３は、ゴム材料以外の成分を含んでいてもよい。例えば、弾性層３は、導電性付与剤を更に含んでいてもよい。導電性付与剤は、弾性層３に導電性を付与するための成分であればよく、特に限定されるものではない。導電性付与剤としては、例えば、導電性カーボン、ゴム用カーボン類、金属、導電性ポリマー等を含む導電性粉末等を挙げることができる。導電性粉末としては、カーボンブラックを用いることが好ましく、カーボンブラックとしては、例えば、ケッチェンブラック（登録商標）等のファーネスブラック、アセチレンブラック、チャンネルブラック、サーマルブラック等を挙げることができる。 The elastic layer 3 may include components other than the rubber material. For example, the elastic layer 3 may further include a conductivity imparting agent. The conductivity imparting agent is not particularly limited as long as it is a component for imparting conductivity to the elastic layer 3. Examples of the conductivity-imparting agent include conductive carbon, carbons for rubber, metal, conductive powder containing a conductive polymer, and the like. Carbon black is preferably used as the conductive powder, and examples of carbon black include furnace black such as Ketjen black (registered trademark), acetylene black, channel black, and thermal black.
　弾性ローラ１においては、軸体２の軸方向の両端で軸体２の外周面が露出するように弾性層３が形成されている。すなわち、軸体２の外周面上には、弾性層３が設けられていない領域が存在している。しかしながら、本発明における、弾性層３の態様はこのような態様に限定されるものではなく、弾性層３が、軸体２の外周面の全面を覆うように設けられていてもよい。 In the elastic roller 1, the elastic layer 3 is formed so that the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2 is exposed at both ends of the shaft body 2 in the axial direction. That is, on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2, there is a region where the elastic layer 3 is not provided. However, the mode of the elastic layer 3 in the present invention is not limited to such a mode, and the elastic layer 3 may be provided so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 2.
　弾性層３は、中実な層であってよく、層の内部に中空を有していないことが好ましい。本明細書において「中実」とは、層の内部に０．１ｍｍ２／個以上の中空を有しないことを意味する。 The elastic layer 3 may be a solid layer, and preferably has no hollow inside the layer. In the present specification, “solid” means that the layer does not have 0.1 mm 2 / piece or more hollows.
　弾性層３のＪＩＳ　Ａ硬度は、２０以上５５以下であることが好ましい。弾性層３のＪＩＳ　Ａ硬度（ＪＩＳ　Ｋ　６３０１）が上記範囲内であることにより、弾性ローラ１と被当接体（例えば、感光体等の像担持体）との接触面積（ニップ幅）が大きくなるため、転写効率、帯電効率、及び現像効率等の性能が一層向上する傾向にある。また、被当接体に機械的ダメージを与える可能性が低減される。 The JIS A hardness of the elastic layer 3 is preferably 20 or more and 55 or less. Since the JIS A hardness (JIS K 6301) of the elastic layer 3 is within the above range, the contact area (nip width) between the elastic roller 1 and the contacted object (for example, an image bearing member such as a photoconductor) is large. Therefore, performances such as transfer efficiency, charging efficiency, and development efficiency tend to be further improved. Further, the possibility of mechanically damaging the contacted body is reduced.
　弾性層３の厚さは、被当接体との当接状態において被当接体との均一なニップ幅を確保することができる等の観点から、０．５ｍｍ以上１０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましく、１ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下であることがより好ましい。なお、本明細書において「厚さ」とは、弾性ローラ１の軸方向に垂直な方向の厚さを意味する。弾性層３の外径は、特に限定されない。外径は、例えば、５ｍｍ以上２０ｍｍ以下であってもよい。なお、本明細書において、「外径」とは、弾性ローラ１の軸方向に垂直な断面における外径を意味する。弾性層３の厚さ及び外径は、弾性層３を形成する際に用いるゴム組成物の量を調整する、弾性層３の形成後に弾性層３の外周面を研磨又は研削する、等の方法により調整することができる。 The thickness of the elastic layer 3 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less from the viewpoint that a uniform nip width with the contacted body can be ensured in the contact state with the contacted body. It is more preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. In the present specification, “thickness” means the thickness of the elastic roller 1 in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The outer diameter of the elastic layer 3 is not particularly limited. The outer diameter may be, for example, 5 mm or more and 20 mm or less. In the present specification, the "outer diameter" means the outer diameter of the elastic roller 1 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction. The thickness and outer diameter of the elastic layer 3 are adjusted by adjusting the amount of the rubber composition used when forming the elastic layer 3, polishing or grinding the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3 after forming the elastic layer 3, and the like. Can be adjusted by.
　弾性層３の外周面には、プライマー処理、コロナ処理、プラズマ処理、エキシマ処理、ＵＶ処理、イトロ処理、フレーム処理等の表面処理が施されていてもよい。 The outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer 3 may be subjected to surface treatment such as primer treatment, corona treatment, plasma treatment, excimer treatment, UV treatment, itro treatment and flame treatment.
　弾性層３は、以下に示すゴム組成物の硬化物であってもよい。 The elastic layer 3 may be a cured product of the rubber composition shown below.
　（ゴム組成物）
　上記のゴム組成物は、架橋によりシリコーンゴムを構成するゴム成分を含有することが好ましい。このようなゴム成分としては、例えば、オルガノポリシロキサン等のシリコーン生ゴムが挙げられる。 (Rubber composition)
The above rubber composition preferably contains a rubber component forming a silicone rubber by crosslinking. Examples of such a rubber component include silicone raw rubber such as organopolysiloxane.
　オルガノポリシロキサンとしては、例えば、下記平均組成式で表されるオルガノポリシロキサン等を挙げることができる。
　ＲｎＳｉＯ（４－ｎ）／２
［Ｒは、置換されていてもよい一価の炭化水素基を示す。炭化水素基の炭素数は、１以上１２以下が好ましく、１以上８以下がより好ましい。複数のＲは同一でも異なっていてもよい。ｎは１．９５以上２．０５以下の数を示す。］ Examples of the organopolysiloxane include the organopolysiloxane represented by the following average composition formula.
RnSiO (4-n) / 2
[R represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group which may be substituted. The carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 or more and 12 or less, and more preferably 1 or more and 8 or less. A plurality of R may be the same or different. n shows the number of 1.95 or more and 2.05 or less. ]
　上記式中のＲとしては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ヘキシル基、ドデシル基等のアルキル基、シクロヘキシル基等のシクロアルキル基、ビニル基、アリル基、ブテニル基、ヘキセニル基等のアルケニル基、フェニル基、トリル基等のアリール基、β－フェニルプロピル基等のアラルキル基、及びクロロメチル基、トリフルオロプロピル基、シアノエチル基等、上記の基の炭素原子に結合した水素原子の一部又は全部をハロゲン原子又はシアノ基等で置換された有機基を挙げることができる。 Examples of R in the above formula include an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group, and a dodecyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, and hexenyl. Groups such as alkenyl groups, phenyl groups, tolyl groups, etc. aryl groups, β-phenylpropyl groups, etc. aralkyl groups, and chloromethyl groups, trifluoropropyl groups, cyanoethyl groups, etc., hydrogen bonded to carbon atoms of the above groups Examples thereof include organic groups in which some or all of the atoms are substituted with halogen atoms or cyano groups.
　オルガノポリシロキサンは、一分子中にケイ素原子と結合するアルケニル基を少なくとも２個含有するオルガノポリシロキサンであることが好ましい。例えば、上記式中、少なくとも２個のＲが上記アルケニル基を有することが好ましい。オルガノポリシロキサンは、ビニル基を有することが更に好ましい。 The organopolysiloxane is preferably an organopolysiloxane containing at least two alkenyl groups bonded to a silicon atom in one molecule. For example, in the above formula, at least two R's preferably have the above alkenyl group. More preferably, the organopolysiloxane has a vinyl group.
　オルガノポリシロキサンの具体例としては、ジメチルポリシロキサン、ジフェニルポリシロキサン等が挙げられる。オルガノポリシロキサンは、分子鎖末端がトリメチルシリル基、ジメチルビニルシリル基、ジメチルヒドロキシシリル基、トリビニルシリル基等で封鎖されていることが好ましい。 Specific examples of the organopolysiloxane include dimethylpolysiloxane and diphenylpolysiloxane. The organopolysiloxane preferably has a molecular chain terminal blocked with a trimethylsilyl group, a dimethylvinylsilyl group, a dimethylhydroxysilyl group, a trivinylsilyl group, or the like.
　ゴム組成物は、各種の添加剤を含有していてもよい。このような添加剤としては、例えば、導電性付与剤、鎖延長剤、及び架橋剤等の助剤、付加反応触媒等の触媒、反応制御剤、分散剤、老化防止剤、酸化防止剤、充填材、顔料、着色剤、加工助剤、軟化剤、可塑剤、乳化剤、耐熱性向上剤、難燃性向上剤、受酸剤、熱伝導性向上剤、離型剤、溶剤などを挙げることができる。 The rubber composition may contain various additives. Such additives include, for example, conductivity-imparting agents, chain extenders, and auxiliary agents such as crosslinking agents, catalysts such as addition reaction catalysts, reaction control agents, dispersants, antioxidants, antioxidants, and fillers. Materials, pigments, colorants, processing aids, softeners, plasticizers, emulsifiers, heat resistance improvers, flame retardancy improvers, acid acceptors, thermal conductivity improvers, release agents, solvents, etc. it can.
　ゴム組成物は、液状のゴム組成物であってよく、ミラブル型のゴム組成物であってもよい。 The rubber composition may be a liquid rubber composition or a millable rubber composition.
　［表層］
　表層４は、弾性ローラ１の最表面に設けられるものである。本発明において、表層４の比誘電率が１００Ｈｚにおいて１以上１０以下であり、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて１０以上１００以下である。表層４の１００Ｈｚと０．０１Ｈｚにおける比誘電率を上記の範囲に調整することにより、現像剤中の外添材シリカと弾性ローラ表面の結合力として働く鏡像力及びファンデルワールス力を低減させることができ、フィルミングの発生が良好に抑制される。表層４の比誘電率は、１００Ｈｚにおいて好ましくは１以上５以下、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて好ましくは７以上１２０以下である。 [Surface]
The surface layer 4 is provided on the outermost surface of the elastic roller 1. In the present invention, the relative dielectric constant of the surface layer 4 is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz, and 10 or more and 100 or less at 0.01 Hz. By adjusting the relative permittivity of the surface layer 4 at 100 Hz and 0.01 Hz within the above range, the image force and van der Waals force acting as the binding force between the external additive silica in the developer and the elastic roller surface can be reduced. The occurrence of filming is effectively suppressed. The relative dielectric constant of the surface layer 4 is preferably 1 or more and 5 or less at 100 Hz, and preferably 7 or more and 120 or less at 0.01 Hz.
　弾性ローラ１におけるフィルミングの発生を防止するためには、少なくとも、表層４の特性を調整する必要がある。本発明においては、表層４は、下記（Ａ）成分から（Ｄ）成分の混合物を塗布して硬化したものである。
　（Ａ）両末端変性シリコーンオイル及びイソシアネート化合物からなる組成物を重合したバインダー主剤、
　（Ｂ）第二のイソシアネート化合物、
　（Ｃ）粒子径が０．２μｍ以上１０μｍ以下である、シリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子、
　（Ｄ）希釈溶剤。 In order to prevent the occurrence of filming in the elastic roller 1, it is necessary to adjust at least the characteristics of the surface layer 4. In the present invention, the surface layer 4 is formed by applying and curing a mixture of the following components (A) to (D).
(A) A binder main agent obtained by polymerizing a composition comprising a silicone oil modified at both ends and an isocyanate compound,
(B) a second isocyanate compound,
(C) Silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles having a particle size of 0.2 μm or more and 10 μm or less,
(D) Diluting solvent.
　なお、上記の混合物は、加熱硬化される前には液状の状態のものである。 Note that the above mixture is in a liquid state before being heat-cured.
　（（Ａ）バインダー主剤）
　バインダー主剤は、両末端変性シリコーンオイル及びイソシアネート化合物からなる組成物を重合させたものである。この組成物は、必要に応じて、更に、片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイル、ポリオール並びに四フッ化エチレン共重合体等のフッ素樹脂を含んでいてもよい。 ((A) Binder main agent)
The binder main agent is obtained by polymerizing a composition comprising a silicone oil modified at both ends and an isocyanate compound. If necessary, this composition may further contain a fluorine resin such as a silicone oil modified with a diol having a single terminal, a polyol, and a tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.
　（両末端変性シリコーンオイル）
　両末端変性シリコーンオイルは、いわゆる、反応性シリコーンオイルの１種であり、イソシアネート化合物と重合する特性を有する。よって、両末端変性シリコーンオイルは、アミノ基（１級又は２級アミノ基）、メルカプト基、又はヒドロキシル基により、シリコーン鎖の両末端が変性されていることが好ましい。これらの両末端変性シリコーンオイルは、両末端アミノ変性シリコーンオイル、両末端メルカプト変性シリコーンオイル、両末端カルボキシル変性シリコーンオイル、両末端フェノール変性シリコーンオイル、両末端カルビノール変性シリコーンオイルとして市販されている。 (Both ends modified silicone oil)
The both-end modified silicone oil is one of so-called reactive silicone oils and has a property of polymerizing with an isocyanate compound. Therefore, the silicone oil modified at both ends is preferably modified at both ends of the silicone chain with an amino group (primary or secondary amino group), a mercapto group, or a hydroxyl group. These both-end modified silicone oils are commercially available as both-end amino-modified silicone oils, both-end mercapto-modified silicone oils, both-end carboxyl-modified silicone oils, both-end phenol-modified silicone oils, and both-end carbinol-modified silicone oils.
　ここで、本発明で用いられる好ましい両末端変性シリコーンオイルとしては、以下の一般式（１）で示される両末端変性シリコーンオイルを挙げることができる。 Here, examples of the preferred both-end modified silicone oil used in the present invention include the both-end modified silicone oil represented by the following general formula (1).
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
　一般式（１）において、Ｒは、－Ｃ３Ｈ６ＯＣ２Ｈ４ＯＨ、又は－Ｃ３Ｈ６ＯＣＨ２－Ｃ（ＣＨ２ＯＨ）２Ｃ２Ｈ５を示し、ｎは、２０以下の整数を表す。 In the general formula (1), R represents —C 3 H 6 OC 2 H 4 OH or —C 3 H 6 OCH 2 —C (CH 2 OH) 2 C 2 H 5 , and n is 20 or less. Represents an integer.
　一般式（１）で示される両末端変性シリコーンオイルの中でも、特に、両末端のＲが、－Ｃ３Ｈ６ＯＣ２Ｈ４ＯＨであり、ｎが約１０であるシリコーンオイルを用いることが好ましい。このようなシリコーンオイルについては、市販のものを適宜入手することができる。 Among both end-modified silicone oils represented by the general formula (1), it is particularly preferable to use a silicone oil in which R at both ends is —C 3 H 6 OC 2 H 4 OH and n is about 10. .. As such silicone oil, commercially available products can be appropriately obtained.
　なお、一般式（１）においては、ケイ素原子に結合する官能基は、メチル基となっているが、このメチル基が水素原子で置換された両末端変性シリコーンオイルであってもよい。 In the general formula (1), the functional group bonded to the silicon atom is a methyl group, but a silicone oil modified at both ends in which the methyl group is replaced with a hydrogen atom may be used.
　表層４を形成するための混合物に両末端変性シリコーンオイルを含有することにより、表層４に適度な弾性を付与することができるとともに、表層４の電気的特性を調整して、表層４の比誘電率を低下させることができ、フィルミングの発生を有効に抑制することができる。 By containing the silicone oil modified at both ends in the mixture for forming the surface layer 4, it is possible to impart appropriate elasticity to the surface layer 4 and adjust the electrical characteristics of the surface layer 4 to obtain a relative dielectric constant of the surface layer 4. The rate can be reduced, and the occurrence of filming can be effectively suppressed.
　（片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイル）
　片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイルは、両末端変性シリコーンオイルと同様に、反応性シリコーンオイルであるが、シリコーン鎖の一方の末端に、２つのヒドロキシル基が結合しているものである。通常、両末端変性シリコーンオイルとイソシアネート化合物とを重合させた場合、直鎖状のポリウレタンが生成するが、片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイルを併用することにより、ポリウレタンに分岐鎖が導入され、弾性ローラ１のナノレベルの微細な粗さを向上させることができる。 (One end diol modified silicone oil)
The one-end diol-modified silicone oil is a reactive silicone oil like the both-end modified silicone oil, but two hydroxyl groups are bonded to one end of the silicone chain. Usually, when both end-modified silicone oil and an isocyanate compound are polymerized, a linear polyurethane is produced. However, by using the one-end diol-modified silicone oil together, a branched chain is introduced into the polyurethane and the elastic roller 1 It is possible to improve the nano-level fine roughness of.
　片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイルとしては、以下の一般式（２）で示される片末端変性シリコーンオイルを挙げることができる。 Examples of the one-end diol-modified silicone oil include one-end modified silicone oil represented by the following general formula (2).
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
　一般式（２）において、Ｒ’は、－Ｃ３Ｈ６ＯＣＨ２－Ｃ（ＣＨ２ＯＨ）２Ｃ２Ｈ５を示し、ｎは、２０以下の整数を表す。 In the general formula (2), R ′ represents —C 3 H 6 OCH 2 —C (CH 2 OH) 2 C 2 H 5 , and n represents an integer of 20 or less.
　一般式（２）で示される片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイルの中でも、特に、ｎが約１０であるシリコーンオイルを用いることが好ましい。なお、一般式（２）においては、ケイ素原子に結合する官能基は、メチル基となっているが、このメチル基が水素原子で置換されたシリコーンオイルであってもよい。 Among the silicone oils modified with a diol having a single terminal represented by the general formula (2), it is particularly preferable to use a silicone oil having n of about 10. In the general formula (2), the functional group bonded to the silicon atom is a methyl group, but a silicone oil in which the methyl group is replaced with a hydrogen atom may be used.
　本発明において、バインダー主剤の調製のために使用する片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイルは、両末端変性シリコーンオイル１００質量部に対して、１質量部以上５質量部以下であることが好ましく、２質量部以上４質量部以下であることがより好ましい。両末端変性シリコーンオイルに対する片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイルの使用量を上記の範囲内のものとすることにより、表層４の表面粗さを調整することにより、現像性能を良好に維持ししつつ、フィルミングを効果的に防止することができる。 In the present invention, the one-terminal diol-modified silicone oil used for preparing the binder main agent is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of both-end modified silicone oil, and 2 parts by mass. More preferably, it is 4 parts by mass or less. By controlling the surface roughness of the surface layer 4 by adjusting the amount of the one-end diol-modified silicone oil used with respect to the both-end modified silicone oil within the above range, it is possible to maintain good developing performance while maintaining good development performance. It is possible to effectively prevent minging.
　（イソシアネート化合物）
　本発明において、バインダー主剤の調製のために使用するイソシアネート化合物としては、シリコーンオイルに導入された反応性基との反応性を有するものであれば特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート（ＭＤＩ）、トリレンジイソシアネート（ＴＤＩ）、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート（ＨＤＩ）等のジイソシアネート、及びこれらのイソシアネートの変性体である、アダクト型、ビュレット型、イソシアヌレート型、アロファネート型等を挙げることができる。これらのイソシアネート化合物の中でも、イソシアヌレート型イソシアネート化合物とアダクト型イソシアネート化合物であることが好ましく、これらを単独で用いてもよく、組み合わせて用いてもよい。イソシアネート化合物は、その分子鎖が長いほど、より高い柔軟性を有するポリウレタンを生成することができる。 (Isocyanate compound)
In the present invention, the isocyanate compound used for the preparation of the binder main agent is not particularly limited as long as it has reactivity with the reactive group introduced into the silicone oil, for example, diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Examples thereof include diisocyanates such as (MDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and modified products of these isocyanates such as adduct type, burette type, isocyanurate type, and allophanate type. Among these isocyanate compounds, isocyanurate type isocyanate compounds and adduct type isocyanate compounds are preferable, and these may be used alone or in combination. The longer the molecular chain of the isocyanate compound, the more flexible the polyurethane can be produced.
　本発明において、バインダー主剤の調製のために使用するイソシアネート化合物は、両末端変性シリコーンオイル１００質量部に対して、７．７８質量部以上２３．３０質量部以下であることが好ましく、１１．６７質量部以上１９．４５質量部以下であることがより好ましい。両末端変性シリコーンオイルに対するイソシアネート化合物の使用量を上記の範囲内のものとすることにより、表層４を形成するための混合物の粘度を好適なものとして、作業性を向上させることができる。 In the present invention, the isocyanate compound used for preparing the binder main agent is preferably 7.78 parts by mass or more and 23.30 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silicone oil modified at both ends, and 11.67. It is more preferable that the amount is not less than 19.45 parts by mass. By adjusting the amount of the isocyanate compound used with respect to the silicone oil modified at both ends to be within the above range, the viscosity of the mixture for forming the surface layer 4 can be made suitable and the workability can be improved.
　（カーボネートポリオール、水添ブタジエンポリオール、フッ素ポリオール）
　カーボネートポリオール、フッ素ポリオール、水添ブタジエンポリオールは、上述のイソシアネート化合物や後述する第二のイソシアネート化合物と反応して、ポリウレタンを形成するものである。本発明おいて、これらのポリオールを単独で用いてもよいし、複数のポリオールを組み合わせて用いることもできる。用いるポリオールとしては、カーボネートポリオール、フッ素ポリオールを単独で用いるか、組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。 (Carbonate polyol, hydrogenated butadiene polyol, fluorine polyol)
The carbonate polyol, the fluorine polyol, and the hydrogenated butadiene polyol react with the above-mentioned isocyanate compound or the second isocyanate compound described later to form polyurethane. In the present invention, these polyols may be used alone, or a plurality of polyols may be used in combination. As the polyol to be used, it is preferable to use carbonate polyol and fluorine polyol alone or in combination.
　カーボネートポリオール及び／又はフッ素ポリオールは、両末端変性シリコーンオイル１００質量部に対して５質量部以上４０質量部以下であることが好ましく、１５質量部以上２５質量部以下であることがより好ましい。これらのポリオールとしては、市販のものを使用することができる。 The carbonate polyol and / or the fluorine polyol is preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silicone oil modified at both ends. As these polyols, commercially available products can be used.
　（（Ｂ）第二のイソシアネート化合物）
　イソシアネート化合物としては、ポリウレタンの調製に通常使用される各種イソシアネート化合物（例えば、芳香族イソシアネート化合物、脂肪族イソシアネート化合物、脂環式イソシアネート化合物）を用いることができる。芳香族イソシアネート化合物としては、例えば、２，４－トリレンジイソシアネート（２，４－ＴＤＩ）、２，６－トリレンジイソシアネート（２，６－ＴＤＩ）、４，４’－ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート（４，４’－ＭＤＩ）、２，４’－ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート（２，４’－ＭＤＩ）、１，４－フェニレンジイソシアネート、ポリメチレンポリフェニレンポリイソシアネート、トリジンジイソシアネート（ＴＯＤＩ）、１，５－ナフタレンジイソシアネート（ＮＤＩ）、３，３’－ジメチルビフェニル－４，４’－ジイソシアネート等を挙げることができる。また、脂肪族イソシアネート化合物としては、例えば、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート（ＨＤＩ）、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート（ＴＭＨＤＩ）、リジンジイソシアネート、ノルボルネンジイソシアナートメチル（ＮＢＤＩ）、キシリレンジイソシアネート（ＸＤＩ）、テトラメチルキシリレンジイソシアネート（ＴＭＸＤＩ）等を挙げることができる。さらに、脂環式ポリイソシアネートとしては、例えば、トランスシクロヘキサン－１，４－ジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート（ＩＰＤＩ）、Ｈ６ＸＤＩ（水添ＸＤＩ）、Ｈ１２ＭＤＩ（水添ＭＤＩ）、４，４’－ジシクロへキシルメタンジイソシアネート等を挙げることができる。 ((B) Second isocyanate compound)
As the isocyanate compound, various isocyanate compounds usually used in the preparation of polyurethane (for example, aromatic isocyanate compound, aliphatic isocyanate compound, alicyclic isocyanate compound) can be used. Examples of the aromatic isocyanate compound include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI), and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4 '-MDI), 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (2,4'-MDI), 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate (TODI), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), Examples thereof include 3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate. Examples of the aliphatic isocyanate compound include hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMHDI), lysine diisocyanate, norbornene diisocyanatomethyl (NBDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate. (TMXDI) and the like. Furthermore, examples of the alicyclic polyisocyanate include transcyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), H6XDI (hydrogenated XDI), H12MDI (hydrogenated MDI), and 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane. Examples thereof include diisocyanate.
　本発明において、表層４を形成するために使用する混合液における第二のイソシアネート化合物の使用量は、第二のイソシアネート化合物の反応率が８０％以上１２６％以下、好ましくは９５％以上１１２％以下となるように使用されることが好ましい。 In the present invention, the amount of the second isocyanate compound used in the mixed liquid used for forming the surface layer 4 is such that the reaction rate of the second isocyanate compound is 80% or more and 126% or less, preferably 95% or more and 112% or less. Is preferably used.
　（（Ｃ）シリコーンゴム粒子、アクリル粒子）
　表層４を形成するための混合液は、シリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子を含有する。このシリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子の粒子径は、０．２μｍ以上１０μｍ以下であることが好ましく、０．８μｍ以上５μｍ以下であることがより好ましい。シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子の粒子径を上記の範囲内のものとすることにより、弾性ローラ１の表面粗さが適切に維持され、現像剤搬送性が良好に保たれる一方で、解像度を高い水準に維持して、画質の悪化を防止することができる。シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子の粒径は、弾性ローラ１を切断処理した後に、顕微鏡により断面を観察することにより測定することができる。 ((C) Silicone rubber particles, acrylic particles)
The mixed liquid for forming the surface layer 4 contains silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles. The particle size of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles is preferably 0.2 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and more preferably 0.8 μm or more and 5 μm or less. By setting the particle diameters of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles within the above range, the surface roughness of the elastic roller 1 is appropriately maintained, and the developer transportability is kept good, while the resolution is high. It can be maintained at the standard level to prevent the deterioration of the image quality. The particle diameters of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles can be measured by observing the cross section with a microscope after the elastic roller 1 is cut.
　本発明において使用するシリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子は、１００℃以上の温度でも変形又は溶融等しない耐熱性を有することが好ましく、１３０℃から１８０℃での耐熱性を有することがより好ましい。これにより、表層４の架橋温度においても、これらのシリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子が、変形することを防止することができる。シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子の耐熱性は、メルトフローインデクサーにおいて、圧力と熱を与えてもシリコーンゴム粒子やアクリル粒子が溶けて流れ出すことがないことを確認することにより、評価することができる。 The silicone rubber particles and acrylic particles used in the present invention preferably have heat resistance such that they are not deformed or melted even at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, and more preferably have a heat resistance at 130 ° C. to 180 ° C. Thereby, even at the crosslinking temperature of the surface layer 4, the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles can be prevented from being deformed. The heat resistance of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles can be evaluated by confirming that the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles do not melt and flow out even when pressure and heat are applied in the melt flow indexer.
　シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子の硬度は、デュロメータＡ（瞬時）（ＪＩＳ　Ｋ　６２５３：１９９７）により測定して２０度以上８０度以下であることが好ましく、５０度以上７５度以下であることがより好ましい。シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子の硬度が、上記の範囲内のものであることにより、シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子の破壊や変形による、表層４の摩擦係数の上昇や粘着の発生を効果的に防止できるとともに、表層４の硬度が上がりすぎることによる、表層４におけるクラックや割れの発生を防止することもでき、トナーに過剰なストレスを与えることも防止できる。 The hardness of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles is preferably 20 degrees or more and 80 degrees or less, more preferably 50 degrees or more and 75 degrees or less, as measured by Durometer A (instantaneous) (JIS K 6253: 1997). .. When the hardness of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles is within the above range, it is possible to effectively prevent the increase of the friction coefficient of the surface layer 4 and the occurrence of adhesion due to the destruction and deformation of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the surface layer 4 from being cracked or broken due to the hardness of the surface layer 4 being excessively increased, and to prevent excessive stress from being applied to the toner.
　シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子は、表層４中に存在（埋没）していてもよく、その一部が表層４の表面に突出していてもよい。また、表層４において不均一に分散していてもよく、表層４の表面側に偏在していてもよい。 The silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles may be present (embedded) in the surface layer 4, or a part thereof may be projected on the surface of the surface layer 4. Further, it may be dispersed non-uniformly in the surface layer 4, or may be unevenly distributed on the surface side of the surface layer 4.
　シリコーンゴム粒子及びアクリル粒子のうち、シリコーンゴム粒子については、ジメチルポリシロキサン等、オルガノポリシロキサン、ポリオルガノシルセスオキサンを架橋した構造が好ましく、アクリル粒子としては、市販のアクリル粒子を使用することができる。 Of the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles, for the silicone rubber particles, a structure obtained by crosslinking dimethylpolysiloxane, etc., organopolysiloxane, polyorganosylsesoxane is preferable, and as the acrylic particles, use commercially available acrylic particles. You can
　なお、シリコーンゴム粒子については、有機基として、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基等のアルキル基；フェニル基、トリル基等のアリール基；ビニル基、アリル基等のアルケニル基；β－フェニルエチル基、β－フェニルプロピル基等のアラルキル基；クロロメチル基、３，３，３－トリフルオロプロピル基等の１価ハロゲン化炭化水素基；エポキシ基、アミノ基、メルカプト基、アクリロキシ基、メタクリロキシ基等の反応性基含有有機基から選択される１種又は２種以上の炭素数１以上２０以下の１価の有機基から選択される基を有するオルガノポリシロキサン又はオルガノポリシルセスキオキサンから調製することが好ましく、これら、オルガノポリシロキサン又はオルガノポリシルセスキオキサンから調製される粒子を、オルガノアルコキシシランで表面処理した粒子であってもよい。このようなシリコーンゴム粒子としては、例えば、信越化学工業株式会社製の「ＫＭＰ－５９７」や、東レ・ダウコーニング株式会社製の「ＥＰ－５５００」、「ＥＰ－２６００」、「ＥＰ－２６０１」、「Ｅ－２７２０」、「ＤＹ　３３－４３０Ｍ」、「ＥＰ－２７２０」、「ＥＰ－９２１５Ｃｏｓｍｅｔｉｃ　Ｐｏｗｄｅｒ」、「９７０１Ｃｏｓｍｅｔｉｃ　Ｐｏｗｄｅｒ」等を使用することができる。 Regarding the silicone rubber particles, as organic groups, alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group and butyl group; aryl groups such as phenyl group and tolyl group; alkenyl groups such as vinyl group and allyl group; β- Aralkyl groups such as phenylethyl group and β-phenylpropyl group; monovalent halogenated hydrocarbon groups such as chloromethyl group and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group; epoxy group, amino group, mercapto group, acryloxy group, Organopolysiloxane or organopolysilsesquioxane having a group selected from one or two or more monovalent organic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms selected from reactive group-containing organic groups such as methacryloxy group The particles prepared from the organopolysiloxane or the organopolysilsesquioxane may be particles surface-treated with an organoalkoxysilane. Examples of such silicone rubber particles include “KMP-597” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., “EP-5500”, “EP-2600”, and “EP-2601” manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. , "E-2720", "DY 33-430M", "EP-2720", "EP-9215 Cosmetic Powder", "9701 Cosmetic Powder", etc. can be used.
　シリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子の使用量は、バインダー主剤１００質量部に対して、１５質量部以上４０質量部以下であることが好ましく、２０質量部以上３５質量部以下であることがより好ましい。シリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子の使用量を、上記使用量の範囲内のものとすることにより、弾性ローラ１の表面粗さが適切に維持され、現像剤搬送性が良好に保たれる一方で、解像度を高い水準に維持して、画質の悪化を防止することができる。 The amount of silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles used is preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 20 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder main agent. .. By adjusting the amount of the silicone rubber particles and / or the acrylic particles to be used within the above range, the surface roughness of the elastic roller 1 is appropriately maintained, and the developer transportability is kept good. Thus, the resolution can be maintained at a high level and the deterioration of the image quality can be prevented.
　（（Ｄ）希釈溶剤）
　希釈溶剤としては、水系溶剤、及び有機系溶剤を使用することができ、求められる乾燥速度に応じて、低沸点溶剤、高沸点溶剤を組み合わせて使用することができる。 ((D) Diluting solvent)
As the diluting solvent, an aqueous solvent and an organic solvent can be used, and a low boiling point solvent and a high boiling point solvent can be used in combination depending on the required drying rate.
　本発明において、表層４を形成するための混合物においては、固形分濃度が１０質量％以上５０質量％以下の範囲内であることが好ましく、２０質量％以上４０質量％以下の範囲内であることがより好ましい。固形分濃度が低いと、塗布時に液ダレが起こり易く、乾燥に時間がかかるとともに、固形分濃度が高いと、塗布表面のザラツキを生じたり、厚み制御が難しくなったりする。 In the present invention, in the mixture for forming the surface layer 4, the solid content concentration is preferably within the range of 10% by mass to 50% by mass, and within the range of 20% by mass to 40% by mass. Is more preferable. When the solid content concentration is low, liquid dripping is likely to occur at the time of coating, and it takes time to dry. When the solid content concentration is high, the coating surface may be rough or the thickness control may be difficult.
　本発明において、希釈溶剤としては、上述のシリコーンゴム粒子やアクリル粒子を膨潤させる希釈溶剤を使うことが好ましい。これにより、混合液中でシリコーンゴム粒子やアクリル粒子が膨潤し、表層４を、はじきや凹みのないものとすることができるとともに、混合液中でのシリコーンゴム粒子やアクリル粒子の沈降を抑制することができる。 In the present invention, it is preferable to use a diluent solvent that swells the above silicone rubber particles and acrylic particles as the diluent solvent. As a result, the silicone rubber particles and the acrylic particles swell in the mixed liquid, and the surface layer 4 can be made to have no repellency or dent and the sedimentation of the silicone rubber particles or the acrylic particles in the mixed liquid is suppressed. be able to.
　このような希釈溶剤としては、メチルエチルケトン（ＭＥＫ）、メチルイソブチルケトン（ＭＩＢＫ）、テトラヒドロフラン（ＴＨＦ）、アセトン、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、トルエン、キシレン、ヘプタン、シクロヘキサノン、イソホロン等の有機溶剤を用いることが好ましい。 As such a diluting solvent, it is possible to use an organic solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene, heptane, cyclohexanone, and isophorone. preferable.
　［接着層］
　本発明の弾性ローラ１は、軸体２と弾性層３との間、及び弾性層３と表層４との間に、接着層を備える。ここで、特に弾性層３と表層４の間に設けられる接着層については、接着層の電気的特性を調整することにより、弾性ローラ１としての電気的特性を調整することができ、これにより、現像ローラとしての弾性ローラ１の現像性能を良好に調整することができる。
　本発明の弾性ローラ１において、接着層の比誘電率が、１００Ｈｚにおいて１以上１０以下であり、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて１０００以上１００００以下である。接着層の比誘電率を当該範囲に調整することにより、フィルミングの発生を良好に抑制するために表層の比誘電率を低めに調整したとしても、現像剤を担持又は供給するための静電容量の確保が可能となり、安定的に現像剤を帯電させることができる。このため、印刷時の印字濃度の低下を抑えることができる。接着層の比誘電率は、１００Ｈｚにおいて好ましくは４．０以上１０．０以下であり、また、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて好ましくは２０００以上５０００以下である。 [Adhesive layer]
The elastic roller 1 of the present invention includes an adhesive layer between the shaft body 2 and the elastic layer 3 and between the elastic layer 3 and the surface layer 4. Here, in particular, regarding the adhesive layer provided between the elastic layer 3 and the surface layer 4, the electrical characteristics of the elastic roller 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the electrical characteristics of the adhesive layer. The developing performance of the elastic roller 1 as the developing roller can be adjusted well.
In the elastic roller 1 of the present invention, the relative dielectric constant of the adhesive layer is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz and 1000 or more and 10000 or less at 0.01 Hz. By adjusting the relative permittivity of the adhesive layer within the range, even if the relative permittivity of the surface layer is adjusted to be low in order to suppress the occurrence of filming satisfactorily, an electrostatic charge for carrying or supplying the developer is obtained. The capacity can be secured, and the developer can be stably charged. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in print density during printing. The relative dielectric constant of the adhesive layer is preferably 4.0 or more and 10.0 or less at 100 Hz, and preferably 2000 or more and 5000 or less at 0.01 Hz.
　接着層は、有機チタン化合物及び／又は有機ジルコニウム化合物を含有していることが好ましく、これらの有機金属化合物と、シランカップリング剤とを含有していることがより好ましい。有機チタン化合物及び有機ジルコニウム化合物と、シランカップリング剤とを併用することにより、弾性層３の比誘電率を上昇させて、現像性能を良好に維持するとともに、弾性層３と表層４との接着性を良好なものとすることができる。有機チタン化合物としては、アルコキシ基を含有するチタン化合物、チタンキレート化合物等が挙げることができ、有機ジルコニウム化合物としては、アルコキシ基を含有するジルコニウム化合物、ジルコニウムキレート化合物等を挙げることができる。これらの、有機チタン化合物及び有機ジルコニウム化合物は、市販されているものを適宜使用することができる。 The adhesive layer preferably contains an organic titanium compound and / or an organic zirconium compound, and more preferably contains these organic metal compounds and a silane coupling agent. By using the organic titanium compound and the organic zirconium compound in combination with the silane coupling agent, the relative dielectric constant of the elastic layer 3 is increased to maintain good developing performance and to bond the elastic layer 3 and the surface layer 4 together. It is possible to improve the property. Examples of the organic titanium compound include a titanium compound containing an alkoxy group and a titanium chelate compound, and examples of the organic zirconium compound include a zirconium compound containing an alkoxy group and a zirconium chelate compound. As these organic titanium compounds and organic zirconium compounds, commercially available compounds can be appropriately used.
　以下、本発明について、実施例を挙げて詳細に説明する。なお、本発明は、以下に示す実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to the examples shown below.
　＜バインダー主剤の調製＞
　以下に示す材料を混合して、バインダー主剤を調製するための組成物を調製し、これを、１００℃から１２０℃で、４時間から６時間保持して、バインダー主剤を調製した。バインダー主剤を調製するための組成物を調製する際の詳細な配合については、表１に示す。 <Preparation of binder main agent>
The following materials were mixed to prepare a composition for preparing a binder base material, which was held at 100 to 120 ° C. for 4 to 6 hours to prepare a binder base material. Table 1 shows the detailed formulation for preparing the composition for preparing the binder main component.
　［（Ａ）バインダー主剤を調製するための組成物］
　（Ａ１）両末端ヒドロキシル基変性ジメチルシリコーンオイル
　（Ａ２）片末端ジオール変性シリコーンオイル
　（Ａ３）カーボネートジオール
　（Ａ４）四フッ化エチレン共重合体ポリオール
　（Ａ５）ポリエステルポリオール
　（Ａ６）イソシアネート化合物（アダクト型イソシアネート）
　（Ａ７）イソシアネート化合物（イソシアヌレート型イソシアネート） [Composition for Preparing (A) Binder Main Agent]
(A1) Both ends hydroxyl group modified dimethyl silicone oil (A2) One end diol modified silicone oil (A3) Carbonate diol (A4) Tetrafluoroethylene copolymer polyol (A5) Polyester polyol (A6) Isocyanate compound (adduct type isocyanate )
(A7) Isocyanate compound (isocyanurate type isocyanate)
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
　＜表層を形成するための混合液の調製＞
　バインダー主剤と、下記に示す各材料を混合して、表層を形成するための混合液を調製した。混合液調整の際の詳細な配合については、表２に示した。 <Preparation of mixed solution for forming surface layer>
The binder main agent and the following materials were mixed to prepare a mixed solution for forming the surface layer. Table 2 shows the detailed composition for preparing the mixed solution.
　［（Ｂ）第二のイソシアネート化合物］
　（Ｂ１）イソシアヌレート型イソシアネート
　（Ｂ２）アダクト型イソシアネート [(B) Second Isocyanate Compound]
(B1) Isocyanurate type isocyanate (B2) Adduct type isocyanate
　［（Ｃ）シリコーンゴム粒子、アクリル粒子］
　（Ｃ１）シリコーンゴムビーズ（平均粒子径２μｍ）
　（Ｃ２）高復元性アクリル微粒子（平均粒子径３μｍ）
　（Ｃ３）高復元性アクリル微粒子（平均粒子径１０μｍ） [(C) Silicone rubber particles, acrylic particles]
(C1) Silicone rubber beads (average particle size 2 μm)
(C2) Highly restorative acrylic fine particles (average particle diameter 3 μm)
(C3) Highly restorative acrylic fine particles (average particle diameter 10 μm)
　［（Ｄ）希釈溶剤］
　（Ｄ１）酢酸ブチル [(D) Diluting solvent]
(D1) Butyl acetate
　＜接着層＞
　（Ｅ１）有機シランカップリング剤
　（Ｅ２）有機チタン化合物（チタンオリゴマー）
　（Ｅ３）有機ジルコニウム化合物（ジルコニウムトリブトキシモノアセチルアセトネート） <Adhesive layer>
(E1) Organic silane coupling agent (E2) Organic titanium compound (titanium oligomer)
(E3) Organozirconium compound (zirconium tributoxy monoacetylacetonate)
　＜実施例及び比較例；現像ローラの作製＞
　快削鋼ＳＵＭ２３で構成されている軸体（直径７．５ｍｍ、長さ２７４．１ｍｍ）の表面にシリコーン系プライマーを塗布した後、ギヤオーブン中で１５０℃乾燥させた。この操作により、軸体の外周面をプライマー処理した。 <Examples and Comparative Examples; Fabrication of Developing Roller>
A silicone-based primer was applied to the surface of a shaft body (diameter 7.5 mm, length 274.1 mm) made of free-cutting steel SUM23, and then dried at 150 ° C. in a gear oven. By this operation, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body was treated with a primer.
　シリコーンゴムから形成されたゴム組成物を用いた押出成形により、軸体の外周面上にゴム材料からなる弾性体を成形した。なお、押出成形では、シリコーンゴムから形成されたゴム組成物を、赤外線加熱炉（ＩＲ炉）を用いて３６０℃で５分間加熱し、さらに、ギヤオーブンを用いて２００℃で４時間加熱して硬化させた。これにより、プライマー処理された軸体の外周面上にゴム組成物の硬化物からなる弾性層を形成した。弾性層は中実な層であり、弾性層の厚さは４．２５ｍｍであった。また、弾性層の抵抗値を、Ｒ８３４０　ＵＬＴＲＡ　ＨＩＧＨ　ＲＥＳＩＳＴＡＮＣＥ　ＭＥＴＥＲ（ＡＤＶＡＮＴＥＳＴ株式会社製）を使用して測定したところ、１．００×１０５Ωであった。 An elastic body made of a rubber material was molded on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body by extrusion molding using a rubber composition formed of silicone rubber. In the extrusion molding, the rubber composition formed from silicone rubber was heated at 360 ° C. for 5 minutes using an infrared heating furnace (IR furnace), and further heated at 200 ° C. for 4 hours using a gear oven. Cured. As a result, an elastic layer made of a cured product of the rubber composition was formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft treated with the primer. The elastic layer was a solid layer, and the thickness of the elastic layer was 4.25 mm. Moreover, when the resistance value of the elastic layer was measured using R8340 ULTRA HIGH RESISTANCE METER (manufactured by ADVANTEST Co., Ltd.), it was 1.00 × 10 5 Ω.
　次に、弾性層の外周面をＵＶ処理した。その後、ＵＶ処理された弾性層上に、実施例及び比較例の各区分に応じて、表２に示す接着プライマー層を塗布し、次いで、表２に示す混合液をスプレー法によって塗布した。塗布された混合液を１５０℃から１６０℃で３０分間加熱することにより、弾性層上に表層を形成した。表層の厚さは７μｍであった。 Next, the outer peripheral surface of the elastic layer was UV-treated. After that, the adhesive primer layer shown in Table 2 was applied onto the UV-treated elastic layer according to each category of Examples and Comparative Examples, and then the mixed solution shown in Table 2 was applied by a spray method. The applied mixed liquid was heated at 150 to 160 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a surface layer on the elastic layer. The thickness of the surface layer was 7 μm.
　＜評価＞
　（印字濃度及びフィルミング量の測定）
　製造した各現像ローラについて、以下のようにして、印字濃度及びフィルミング量を測定した。用いた画像形成装置は、型番：ＨＬ－Ｌ２３６０ＤＮ（ブラザー工業株式会社製）であった。この画像形成装置の現像ローラとして、製造した各現像ローラを現像装置内に装着した。次いで、温度２３℃湿度５５％の条件で、ベタ画像を形成し、印字評価を確認した。４０００枚印刷後のフィルミング状況と、４０００枚印刷後の画像品質（ベタ印字の初期印字形成部分と終期印字形成部分との濃度段差率）を評価した。濃度測定にはＸ－Ｒｉｔｅ社製のＸ－Ｒｉｔｅ５００分光濃度計を使用した。 <Evaluation>
(Measurement of print density and filming amount)
The print density and the filming amount of each of the manufactured developing rollers were measured as follows. The image forming apparatus used was model number: HL-L2360DN (manufactured by Brother Industries, Ltd.). As the developing roller of the image forming apparatus, each manufactured developing roller was mounted in the developing apparatus. Then, a solid image was formed under the conditions of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55%, and the print evaluation was confirmed. The filming condition after printing 4000 sheets and the image quality after printing 4000 sheets (the density step ratio between the initial print forming portion and the final print forming portion of solid printing) were evaluated. An X-Rite 500 spectrodensitometer manufactured by X-Rite was used for the concentration measurement.
　印字濃度は、下記評価基準により評価した。本試験において、印字濃度は、評価がＡであると合格である。
　Ａ：濃度段差率が９６～１００％であり、かつ印字ドットがきれいであった場合
　Ｂ：濃度段差率が９２～９５％であり、かつその他の不具合（印字ドットが粗い）があった場合
　Ｃ：濃度段差率が９１％以下であり、かつその他の不具合があった場合 The print density was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. In this test, the print density is A when the evaluation is A.
A: When the density step ratio is 96 to 100% and the printing dots are clean B: When the density step ratio is 92 to 95% and there are other problems (coarse printing dots) C : When the density step ratio is 91% or less and there are other problems
　トナー付着（フィルミング）は、現像剤の付着量により評価した。具体的には、４０００枚印字した後の現像ローラの表面に付着している現像剤を吸引後、フィルミング重量測定ジグに転写した質量を測定した。フィルミング評価については、転写した現像剤の質量で下記基準により評価した。本試験において、フィルミング量は、評価がＡまたはＢであると合格である。
　Ａ：０ｍｇ以上０．００３ｍｇ以下
　Ｂ：０．００３ｍｇより多く０．００６ｍｇ以下
　Ｃ：０．００６ｍｇより多い Toner adhesion (filming) was evaluated by the amount of developer adhered. Specifically, after sucking the developer adhering to the surface of the developing roller after printing 4000 sheets, the mass transferred to the filming weight measuring jig was measured. For the filming evaluation, the mass of the transferred developer was evaluated according to the following criteria. In this test, the filming amount is evaluated as A or B when the evaluation is acceptable.
A: 0 mg or more and 0.003 mg or less B: 0.003 mg or more and 0.006 mg or less C: 0.006 mg or more
　（比誘電率の測定）
　作製した現像ローラにおける表層及び接着層について、ＬＣＲメーター（株式会社ＮＦ回路設計ブロック製）を使用して、０．０１Ｈｚ及び１００Ｈｚにおける比誘電率を測定した。 (Measurement of relative permittivity)
With respect to the surface layer and the adhesive layer in the produced developing roller, the relative dielectric constant at 0.01 Hz and 100 Hz was measured using an LCR meter (manufactured by NF Circuit Design Block Co., Ltd.).
　評価結果を表２に示す。 Table 2 shows the evaluation results.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000004
　１　　弾性ローラ
　２　　軸体
　３　　弾性層
　４　　表層 1 elastic roller 2 shaft body 3 elastic layer 4 surface layer

Claims (4)

  1. 　軸体と、前記軸体の外周面上に設けられる弾性層と、弾性層より外側に設けられる表層と、を備える弾性ローラであって、
    　前記弾性ローラは、前記弾性層と前記表層との間に接着層を設けており、
    　前記弾性層の抵抗値が１×１０４Ω以上１×１０６Ω以下であり、
    　前記接着層の比誘電率が、１００Ｈｚにおいて１以上１０以下であり、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて１０００以上１００００以下であり、
    　前記表層の比誘電率が１００Ｈｚにおいて１以上１０以下であり、０．０１Ｈｚにおいて１０以上２００以下である、弾性ローラ。     An elastic roller comprising a shaft, an elastic layer provided on an outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and a surface layer provided outside the elastic layer,
    The elastic roller is provided with an adhesive layer between the elastic layer and the surface layer,
    The resistance value of the elastic layer is 1 × 10 4 Ω or more and 1 × 10 6 Ω or less,
    The relative dielectric constant of the adhesive layer is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz, and 1000 or more and 10000 or less at 0.01 Hz,
    An elastic roller in which the relative dielectric constant of the surface layer is 1 or more and 10 or less at 100 Hz and 10 or more and 200 or less at 0.01 Hz.
  2. 　前記接着層が、有機チタン化合物及び／又は有機ジルコニウム化合物を含有する、請求項１に記載の弾性ローラ。 The elastic roller according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive layer contains an organic titanium compound and / or an organic zirconium compound.
  3. 　前記表層が、
    　両末端変性シリコーンオイルに、イソシアヌレート型イソシアネート化合物及び／又はアダクト型イソシアネート化合物を混合して反応させたバインダー主剤に、
    　２μｍ以上１０μｍ以下のシリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子と、第二のイソシアネート化合物と、を加えて硬化して形成される、請求項１又は２に記載の弾性ローラ。     The surface layer is
    A binder main agent obtained by mixing both ends-modified silicone oil with an isocyanurate type isocyanate compound and / or an adduct type isocyanate compound, and reacting the mixture.
    The elastic roller according to claim 1 or 2, which is formed by adding silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles having a size of 2 µm or more and 10 µm or less and a second isocyanate compound and curing the same.
  4. 　前記表層が、
    　両末端変性シリコーンオイルに、カーボネートポリオール及び／又はフッ素ポリオールを混合し、更に、イソシアヌレート型イソシアネート化合物及び／又はアダクト型イソシアネート化合物を混合して反応させたバインダー主剤に、
    　２μｍ以上１０μｍ以下のシリコーンゴム粒子及び／又はアクリル粒子と、第二のイソシアネート化合物と、を加えて硬化して形成される、請求項１から３のいずれかに記載の弾性ローラ。     The surface layer is
    To both ends-modified silicone oil, a carbonate polyol and / or a fluorine polyol is mixed, and further, an isocyanurate type isocyanate compound and / or an adduct type isocyanate compound is mixed and reacted with a binder main agent,
    The elastic roller according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is formed by adding silicone rubber particles and / or acrylic particles having a size of 2 µm or more and 10 µm or less and a second isocyanate compound and curing the same.
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