WO2020103597A1 - High-specific area activated carbon electrode material and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

High-specific area activated carbon electrode material and preparation method therefor

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Publication number
WO2020103597A1
WO2020103597A1 PCT/CN2019/110367 CN2019110367W WO2020103597A1 WO 2020103597 A1 WO2020103597 A1 WO 2020103597A1 CN 2019110367 W CN2019110367 W CN 2019110367W WO 2020103597 A1 WO2020103597 A1 WO 2020103597A1
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citrate
activated carbon
electrode material
carbon electrode
temperature
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PCT/CN2019/110367
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王静
卢志华
翟倩倩
冀焕明
马育栋
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济宁学院
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Publication of WO2020103597A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020103597A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30—Active carbon
    • C01B32/312—Preparation
    • C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/32—Carbon-based
    • H01G11/44—Raw materials therefor, e.g. resins or coal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of supercapacitor electrode materials, and particularly relates to a high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material and a preparation method thereof.
  • Supercapacitor also known as electrochemical capacitor, is a new type of energy storage device between traditional plate capacitor and secondary battery. Compared with traditional secondary batteries, supercapacitors have the advantages of high power density and long cycle life. They can be used as power sources for electronic equipment and electric vehicles, and thus have a wide range of application prospects.
  • the supercapacitor rate performance of activated carbon as electrodes is poor. Carbon materials with high mesoporosity and macropores are conducive to the transport of electrolyte ions.
  • the use of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide as an activator to activate biomass is a common method for preparing activated carbon.
  • the activated carbon prepared by this method is microporous Mainly, it is not conducive to the transmission of electrolyte ions, and it cannot be used as an electrode material for large current density supercapacitors.
  • the carbon material prepared by direct carbonization of organic potassium salt contains a macroporous structure formed by stacking lamellar structures and exhibits excellent rate performance. Marta Sevilla et al.
  • the present invention provides a high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material, and the present invention provides a preparation method thereof.
  • the high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material described in the present invention is prepared by the following method: using citrate and apple meat as raw materials, and obtained by high temperature carbonization.
  • the preparation method of the high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material of the present invention includes the following steps: the apple pulp is dried and soaked in a citrate aqueous solution, the pulp is taken out and dried, and then subjected to high-temperature carbonization under an inert atmosphere to obtain a primary product, The product is pickled and washed with water until it is neutral and then dried to obtain the finished product.
  • the drying temperature of apple meat is 30-150 °C, and the drying time is 1-200h.
  • Citrate is one or two of potassium citrate and sodium citrate.
  • the concentration of citrate is 0.1-5M.
  • the mass ratio of apple pulp to citrate is 1: 0.1-200.
  • the inert atmosphere is one or two of nitrogen or argon.
  • the time for apple pulp to soak in citrate aqueous solution is 0.1-24h.
  • the high-temperature carbonization temperature is 500-1000 ° C.
  • the acid solution used in the initial product pickling is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.
  • the activated carbon electrode material prepared by the present invention has a high specific surface area and at the same time has a sheet-like structure which is favorable for electrolyte ion transport.
  • the specific surface area can be tested to reach 1500m 2 g -1
  • the supercapacitor made of the obtained electrode material has higher rate performance, and the capacitance retention rate at 1000mV.s -1 can reach 70%;
  • citrate and apple meat are used as raw materials in the preparation of the present invention, the raw materials are widely available, the price is low, and the cost during mass production is reduced;
  • citrate and apple meat are used as raw materials for direct high-temperature carbonization.
  • apple meat is used as a carbon source, and citrate acts as a carbon source and activator at the same time.
  • the apple meat is activated during carbonization, and the yield of the activated carbon electrode material can reach 16%.
  • the activated carbon electrode material has a large-pore sheet structure, which is conducive to the transmission of electrolyte ions and improves the rate performance of the carbon material.
  • the solution is placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24h; the dried apple meat is carbonized at a high temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the process conditions for high-temperature carbonization are: 800 ° C for 2h, and the resulting initial product is pickled with 2M HCl for 24h.
  • the acid-washed product was washed with distilled water to neutrality, placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24 hours to obtain a finished activated carbon electrode material.
  • the high specific surface area activated carbon electrode prepared in this example still maintains a good rectangular shape at a scanning speed of 100mV / s, and the specific capacitance at a scanning speed of 2mV / s can reach 261F / g.
  • Fig. 4 shows the scanning electron micrograph of the sample of the activated carbon electrode material prepared in Example 1, and it can be found that the sample has a large-pore sheet structure.
  • the process conditions for high-temperature carbonization are: 1000 ° C for 0.1h, the initial product is treated with 2M sulfuric acid for 24h, acid The washed product was washed with distilled water to neutrality, placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24 hours to obtain a finished activated carbon electrode material.
  • the high specific surface area activated carbon electrode prepared in this example still maintains a good rectangular shape at a scanning speed of 100mV / s, and the specific capacitance at a scanning speed of 2mV / s can still Reached 310F / g.
  • the high specific surface area activated carbon electrode prepared in this example still maintains a good rectangular shape at a scanning speed of 100mV / s, and the specific capacitance at a scanning speed of 2mV / s can still Reached 288F / g.

Abstract

A high-specific area activated carbon electrode material and a preparation method therefor. The preparation method comprises: drying apple pulp, soaking the dried apple pulp in a citrate aqueous solution, taking out and drying the pulp, performing high-temperature carbonization on the pulp in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a primary product, and performing acid pickling, water washing to a neutral state and drying on the primary product. Compared with conventional activated carbon, the prepared activated carbon electrode material has high specific area and a macro-porous laminated structure favorable for electrolyte ion transmission. The preparation method has wide, cheap and easily-availably raw material sources and reduces the cost of large-scale production.

Description

一种高比表面积活性炭电极材料及其制备方法High specific surface area activated carbon electrode material and preparation method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于超级电容器电极材料技术领域，具体涉及一种高比表面积活性炭电极材料及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of supercapacitor electrode materials, and particularly relates to a high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
超级电容器又称电化学电容器，是介于传统平板电容器和二次电池之间的一种新型储能器件。超级电容器相对于传统二次电池具有功率密度高、循环寿命长等优点，可以作为电子设备和电动汽车的动力电源，因而具有广泛的应用前景。Supercapacitor, also known as electrochemical capacitor, is a new type of energy storage device between traditional plate capacitor and secondary battery. Compared with traditional secondary batteries, supercapacitors have the advantages of high power density and long cycle life. They can be used as power sources for electronic equipment and electric vehicles, and thus have a wide range of application prospects.
活性炭因具有较高的比表面积和孔体积，且相对于碳纳米管、石墨烯等具有成本低廉，能大规模生产的优点而成为超级电容器的首选电极材料。目前活性炭作为电极材料的超级电容器已经实现商品化，并在诸多领域得到了广泛的应用。Activated carbon has the advantages of high specific surface area and pore volume, low cost relative to carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc., and large-scale production, and it has become the electrode material of choice for supercapacitors. At present, activated carbon as an electrode material for supercapacitors has been commercialized and has been widely used in many fields.
技术问题technical problem
由于活性炭介孔比例低，且没有大孔，以活性炭做电极的超级电容倍率性能较差。具有高介孔率和大孔的碳材料有利于电解质离子的传输，采用氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠等做活化剂对生物质进行活化是制备活性炭的常用方法，该方法制备的活性炭以微孔为主，不利于电解质离子的传输，不能用作大电流密度超级电容器的电极材料。而有机钾盐直接碳化制备的碳材料含有片层结构堆叠形成的大孔结构，表现出优异的倍率性能，Marta Sevilla等人直接碳化柠檬酸钾，制备得到高比表面积活性炭，这种碳电极材料在高电流下表现出较高的电容保持率，但是采用这种方法制备活性炭产率较低，成本较高，不利于大规模生产(ACS Nano 8(2014)5069–5078)。Due to the low proportion of activated carbon mesopores and no large pores, the supercapacitor rate performance of activated carbon as electrodes is poor. Carbon materials with high mesoporosity and macropores are conducive to the transport of electrolyte ions. The use of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide as an activator to activate biomass is a common method for preparing activated carbon. The activated carbon prepared by this method is microporous Mainly, it is not conducive to the transmission of electrolyte ions, and it cannot be used as an electrode material for large current density supercapacitors. The carbon material prepared by direct carbonization of organic potassium salt contains a macroporous structure formed by stacking lamellar structures and exhibits excellent rate performance. Marta Sevilla et al. Directly carbonized potassium citrate to prepare activated carbon with high specific surface area. This carbon electrode material It shows a higher capacity retention rate at high current, but the production of activated carbon with this method has a lower yield and higher cost, which is not conducive to large-scale production (ACS Nano 8 (2014) 5069-5078).
技术解决方案Technical solution
 针对以上技术问题，本发明目提供一种高比表面积活性炭电极材料，同时本发明提供其制备方法。In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material, and the present invention provides a preparation method thereof.
本发明所述的高比表面积活性炭电极材料，由以下方法制得：以柠檬酸盐和苹果肉为原料，经高温炭化所得。The high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material described in the present invention is prepared by the following method: using citrate and apple meat as raw materials, and obtained by high temperature carbonization.
本发明所述高比表面积活性炭电极材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将苹果果肉干燥后浸泡于柠檬酸盐水溶液中，取出果肉干燥后在惰性气氛下进行高温炭化，得初产物，将所得初产物酸洗、水洗至中性后后干燥得成品。The preparation method of the high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material of the present invention includes the following steps: the apple pulp is dried and soaked in a citrate aqueous solution, the pulp is taken out and dried, and then subjected to high-temperature carbonization under an inert atmosphere to obtain a primary product, The product is pickled and washed with water until it is neutral and then dried to obtain the finished product.
苹果肉的干燥温度为30-150℃，干燥时间为1-200h。The drying temperature of apple meat is 30-150 ℃, and the drying time is 1-200h.
柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠中的一种或两种复配。Citrate is one or two of potassium citrate and sodium citrate.
柠檬酸盐的浓度为0.1-5M。The concentration of citrate is 0.1-5M.
苹果果肉与柠檬酸盐的质量比为1:0.1-200。The mass ratio of apple pulp to citrate is 1: 0.1-200.
惰性气氛为氮气或氩气中的一种或两种。The inert atmosphere is one or two of nitrogen or argon.
苹果果肉在柠檬酸盐水溶液中浸泡的时间为0.1-24h。The time for apple pulp to soak in citrate aqueous solution is 0.1-24h.
高温碳化的温度为500-1000℃。The high-temperature carbonization temperature is 500-1000 ° C.
 初产物酸洗所用酸溶液为盐酸、硫酸、硝酸中的一种或多种。The acid solution used in the initial product pickling is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.
有益效果Beneficial effect
(1)本发明所制备的活性炭电极材料较传统活性炭相比在具有高比表面积的同时还具有有利于电解质离子传输的片状结构，其中比表面积经测试可达到1500m 2g -1；本发明所得电极材料制成的超级电容器具有更高的倍率性能，在1000mV.s -1下的电容保持率可达到70％； (1) Compared with traditional activated carbon, the activated carbon electrode material prepared by the present invention has a high specific surface area and at the same time has a sheet-like structure which is favorable for electrolyte ion transport. The specific surface area can be tested to reach 1500m 2 g -1 The supercapacitor made of the obtained electrode material has higher rate performance, and the capacitance retention rate at 1000mV.s -1 can reach 70%;
(2)本发明制备时柠檬酸盐和苹果肉为原料，原料来源广泛易得，价格低廉，降低了大规模生产时的成本；(2) The citrate and apple meat are used as raw materials in the preparation of the present invention, the raw materials are widely available, the price is low, and the cost during mass production is reduced;
 (3)本发明制备时以柠檬酸盐和苹果肉为原料直接高温炭化所得，高温炭化时，苹果肉作为碳源，柠檬酸盐同时起到碳源和活化剂的作用，柠檬酸盐对高温碳化时的苹果肉进行活化，制得的活性炭电极材料的收率可达16％，同时活性炭电极材料具有大孔的片状 结构，有利于电解质离子的传输，改善碳材料的倍率性能。(3) In the preparation of the present invention, citrate and apple meat are used as raw materials for direct high-temperature carbonization. During high-temperature carbonization, apple meat is used as a carbon source, and citrate acts as a carbon source and activator at the same time. The apple meat is activated during carbonization, and the yield of the activated carbon electrode material can reach 16%. At the same time, the activated carbon electrode material has a large-pore sheet structure, which is conducive to the transmission of electrolyte ions and improves the rate performance of the carbon material.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1、实施例1制备的活性炭电极的循环伏安曲线；Figure 1. Cyclic voltammogram of the activated carbon electrode prepared in Example 1;
 图2、实施例2制备的活性炭电极的循环伏安曲线；Figure 2. Cyclic voltammogram of the activated carbon electrode prepared in Example 2;
图3、实施例3制备的活性炭电极的循环伏安曲线；Figure 3. Cyclic voltammogram of the activated carbon electrode prepared in Example 3;
图4、实施例1中所制得活性炭电极材料的电镜扫描图。Figure 4. Electron microscopy scan of the activated carbon electrode material prepared in Example 1.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the invention
下面结合实施例和说明书附图对本发明做进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification.
 实施例1Example 1
 首先将苹果去皮后切块，于烘箱中80℃干燥24h；配置2M的柠檬酸钾溶液，取4g干燥苹果肉加入20ml 2M柠檬酸钾溶液中浸泡24h，将浸泡后的苹果肉取出后沥去溶液置于烘箱中80℃干燥24h；将上述干燥后的苹果肉在氮气气氛下高温碳化处理，高温碳化的工艺条件为：800℃处理2h，得到的初产物用2M HCl酸洗处理24h，酸洗后的产品用蒸馏水洗涤至中性，置于烘箱中80℃下干燥24h得活性炭电极材料成品。First peel the apples and cut them into pieces, and dry them in an oven at 80 ° C for 24h; configure 2M potassium citrate solution, take 4g of dried apple meat and add 20ml of 2M potassium citrate solution to soak for 24h, remove the soaked apple meat and drain The solution is placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24h; the dried apple meat is carbonized at a high temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The process conditions for high-temperature carbonization are: 800 ° C for 2h, and the resulting initial product is pickled with 2M HCl for 24h. The acid-washed product was washed with distilled water to neutrality, placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24 hours to obtain a finished activated carbon electrode material.
 将上述活性炭按活性物质:导电剂(石墨):粘结剂(聚四氟乙烯)＝85:10:5的比例混合后制备成电极片，在6M KOH电解液中进行循环伏安测试，测试结果如图1所示，本实施例制备的高比表面积活性炭电极在100mV/s的扫描速度下循环伏安曲线仍保持较好的矩形形状，在2mV/s扫描速度下的比电容能达到261F/g。The above activated carbon was mixed into a ratio of active material: conductive agent (graphite): binder (polytetrafluoroethylene) = 85: 10: 5 to prepare electrode sheets, and cyclic voltammetry test was conducted in 6M KOH electrolyte. The results are shown in Figure 1. The high specific surface area activated carbon electrode prepared in this example still maintains a good rectangular shape at a scanning speed of 100mV / s, and the specific capacitance at a scanning speed of 2mV / s can reach 261F / g.
 图4示出了实施例1所制得的活性炭电极材料样品电镜扫描图片，可以发现样品呈大孔的片状结构。Fig. 4 shows the scanning electron micrograph of the sample of the activated carbon electrode material prepared in Example 1, and it can be found that the sample has a large-pore sheet structure.
 实施例2Example 2
 首先将苹果去皮后切块，于烘箱中150℃下干燥1h；配置0.1M的柠檬酸钾溶液，取 1g干燥苹果肉加入130ml5M柠檬酸钾溶液中浸泡24h；将浸泡后的苹果肉取出后沥去溶液置 于烘箱中80℃干燥24h；将上述干燥后的苹果肉在氩气气氛下碳化处理，高温碳化的工艺条 件为：1000℃处理0.1h，得初产物用2M硫酸处理24h，酸洗后的产品用蒸馏水洗涤至中性，置于烘箱中80℃下干燥24h得活性炭电极材料成品。First peel the apples and cut them into pieces, and dry them in an oven at 150 ° C for 1h; configure 0.1M potassium citrate solution, take 1g of dried apple meat and add 130ml of 5M potassium citrate solution to soak for 24h; after removing the soaked apple meat The drained solution is placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24h; the dried apple meat is carbonized under an argon atmosphere. The process conditions for high-temperature carbonization are: 1000 ° C for 0.1h, the initial product is treated with 2M sulfuric acid for 24h, acid The washed product was washed with distilled water to neutrality, placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24 hours to obtain a finished activated carbon electrode material.
 将上述活性炭按活性物质:导电剂(石墨):粘结剂(聚四氟乙烯)＝85:10:5的比例 进行混合后制备成电极片，在6M KOH电解液中进行循环伏安测试，测试结果如图2所示，本实施例制备的高比表面积活性炭电极在100mV/s的扫描速度下循环伏安曲线仍保持较好的矩形形状，在2mV/s扫描速度下的比电容仍能达到310F/g。The above activated carbon is mixed in the ratio of active material: conductive agent (graphite): binder (polytetrafluoroethylene) = 85: 10: 5 to prepare electrode sheets, and cyclic voltammetry test is carried out in 6M KOH electrolyte. The test results are shown in Figure 2. The high specific surface area activated carbon electrode prepared in this example still maintains a good rectangular shape at a scanning speed of 100mV / s, and the specific capacitance at a scanning speed of 2mV / s can still Reached 310F / g.
 实施例3Example 3
 首先将苹果去皮后切块，于烘箱中30℃干燥200h，配置0.1M的柠檬酸钠溶液，取10g干燥苹果肉加入34ml 0.1M柠檬酸钾溶液中浸泡24h，将浸泡后的苹果肉取出后沥去溶液置于烘箱中80℃干燥24h；将上述干燥后的苹果肉在氮气气氛下碳化处理，高温碳化的工艺条件为：500℃处理20h，得到的产物用2M硝酸处理24h，酸洗后的产品用蒸馏水洗涤至中性，置于烘箱中80℃下干燥24h得活性炭电极材料成品。First peel the apples and cut them into pieces, dry them in an oven at 30 ° C for 200h, dispose 0.1M sodium citrate solution, take 10g dried apple meat and add 34ml 0.1M potassium citrate solution to soak for 24h, then take out the soaked apple meat The drained solution is placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C for 24h; the dried apple meat is carbonized under a nitrogen atmosphere. The high-temperature carbonization process conditions are: 500 ° C for 20h, and the resulting product is treated with 2M nitric acid for 24h, acid washing After the product was washed with distilled water to neutral, placed in an oven and dried at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain the finished activated carbon electrode material.
 将上述活性炭按活性物质:导电剂(石墨):粘结剂(聚四氟乙烯)＝85:10:5的比例 进行混合后制备成电极片，在6M KOH电解液中进行循环伏安测试，测试结果如图3所示，本实施例制备的高比表面积活性炭电极在100mV/s的扫描速度下循环伏安曲线仍保持较好的矩形形状，在2mV/s扫描速度下的比电容仍能达到288F/g。The above activated carbon is mixed in the ratio of active material: conductive agent (graphite): binder (polytetrafluoroethylene) = 85: 10: 5 to prepare electrode sheets, and cyclic voltammetry test is carried out in 6M KOH electrolyte. The test results are shown in Figure 3. The high specific surface area activated carbon electrode prepared in this example still maintains a good rectangular shape at a scanning speed of 100mV / s, and the specific capacitance at a scanning speed of 2mV / s can still Reached 288F / g.

Claims (3)

  1. 一种高比表面积活性炭电极材料，其特征在于：该活性炭电极材料是以柠檬酸盐和苹果肉为原料，经高温炭化所得；A high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material, characterized in that: the activated carbon electrode material is obtained by carbonization of citrate and apple meat through high temperature carbonization;
    所述柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠中的一种或两种复配；柠檬酸盐的浓度为0.1-5M；苹果肉与柠檬酸盐的质量比为1:0.1-200；The citrate is one or both of potassium citrate and sodium citrate; the concentration of citrate is 0.1-5M; the mass ratio of apple meat to citrate is 1: 0.1-200;
    所述高温碳化的温度为500-1000℃，碳化时间为0.1-20h。The temperature of the high-temperature carbonization is 500-1000 ° C, and the carbonization time is 0.1-20h.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种高比表面积活性炭电极材料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：选取柠檬酸盐和苹果肉为原料，先配制柠檬酸盐水溶液，柠檬酸盐水溶液的浓度为2-5M；然后将苹果肉干燥后浸泡于柠檬酸盐水溶液中，浸泡时间为24h，浸泡完成后取出果肉干燥，再在惰性气氛下进行高温炭化，得初产物；将所得初产物依次经酸洗、水洗至中性后干燥得成品；The method for preparing a high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: selecting citrate and apple meat as raw materials, first preparing an aqueous solution of citrate, and the concentration of the aqueous solution of citrate is 2-5M; Then, the apple flesh is dried and soaked in citrate aqueous solution for 24h. After the soaking is completed, the pulp is taken out and dried, and then subjected to high temperature carbonization under an inert atmosphere to obtain the initial product; Wash, wash to neutrality and dry to get the finished product;
    所述苹果肉的干燥温度为30-150℃，干燥时间为1-200h；The drying temperature of the apple meat is 30-150 ° C, and the drying time is 1-200h;
    所述柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠中的一种或两种复配；The citrate is one or both of potassium citrate and sodium citrate;
    所述苹果肉与柠檬酸盐的质量比为1:0.1-200；The mass ratio of apple meat to citrate is 1: 0.1-200;
    所述惰性气氛为氮气或氩气中的一种或两种；The inert atmosphere is one or two of nitrogen or argon;
    所述高温碳化的温度为500-1000℃，碳化时间为0.1-20h；The temperature of the high-temperature carbonization is 500-1000 ° C, and the carbonization time is 0.1-20h;
    所述初产物酸洗所用酸溶液为盐酸、硫酸、硝酸中的一种或多种。The acid solution used for pickling the initial product is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种高比表面积活性炭电极材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述苹果肉的干燥温度为150℃，干燥时间为1h；所述柠檬酸盐为柠檬酸钾，柠檬酸钾水溶液的浓度为5M，苹果肉的用量为1g，柠檬酸钾水溶液的用量为130ml；所述高温碳化的温度为1000℃，碳化时间为0.1h。The method for preparing a high specific surface area activated carbon electrode material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drying temperature of the apple meat is 150 ℃, the drying time is 1h; the citrate is potassium citrate, lemon The concentration of the potassium acid aqueous solution is 5M, the amount of apple meat is 1g, and the amount of potassium citrate aqueous solution is 130ml; the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization is 1000 ° C, and the carbonization time is 0.1h.
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