WO2020099806A1 - Additive manufacturing machine comprising a gas flow deflection member - Google Patents

Additive manufacturing machine comprising a gas flow deflection member Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020099806A1
WO2020099806A1 PCT/FR2019/052725 FR2019052725W WO2020099806A1 WO 2020099806 A1 WO2020099806 A1 WO 2020099806A1 FR 2019052725 W FR2019052725 W FR 2019052725W WO 2020099806 A1 WO2020099806 A1 WO 2020099806A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
manufacturing
gas
machine
deflection member
additive manufacturing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2019/052725
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alexis PICARD
Original Assignee
Addup
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Addup filed Critical Addup
Publication of WO2020099806A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020099806A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/70—Recycling
    • B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/52—Hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67—Blades
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of selective additive manufacturing.
  • Selective additive manufacturing consists of making three-dimensional objects by consolidating selected areas on successive layers of powdery material (metallic powder, ceramic powder, etc.). The consolidated areas correspond to successive sections of the three-dimensional object. Consolidation is done, for example, layer by layer, by a total or partial selective fusion carried out with a consolidation source (high power laser beam, electron beam, etc.).
  • a consolidation source high power laser beam, electron beam, etc.
  • an additive manufacturing apparatus comprises in a fixed manufacturing chamber:
  • a tool such as a squeegee or a roller, which moves in translation on the powder bed to spread the powder.
  • a flow of inert gas intended to evacuate the fumes and projections resulting from the fusion of the powders, and which can reduce the quality of the beam and the quality of the fusion.
  • This flow of inert gas prevents fumes and projections from disturbing the energy beam. It also helps prevent these fumes and projections from dirtying or obstructing the glass through which the energy beam enters the manufacturing chamber.
  • the configurations proposed to date for such smoke evacuation mechanisms are however not entirely satisfactory.
  • the present invention aims to provide an additive manufacturing machine for the evacuation of fumes and projections resulting from the fusion of powders.
  • the invention relates to an additive manufacturing machine comprising a member for deflecting a gas flow for the evacuation of the fumes resulting from the additive manufacturing of a part, said machine comprising an enclosure, a manufacturing tray. , a gas inlet pipe, a powder deposition carriage, characterized in that said deflection member is configured to direct a flow of gas coming from the gas inlet pipe in a plane substantially tangent to the surface of a manufacturing area of the manufacturing platform, and in that the deflection member is configured to be fixed to the carriage.
  • the invention can also include the following characteristics:
  • the deflection member comprises in an inlet section at least one gas inlet facing an outlet from the gas inlet duct, and in an outlet section at least one gas outlet facing the tray manufacturing, said gas inlet and outlet defining a gas flow conduit; - The length of the inlet section is substantially equal to the length of the outlet from the gas inlet duct;
  • the width of the inlet section is substantially equal to the width of the outlet from the gas inlet duct;
  • the gas outlet present at its opening to the outside, an internal surface inclined relative to the horizontal, at an angle of about 40 ° to 45 °, preferably about 43 °;
  • the length of the outlet section is substantially equal to the width of the production plate
  • said deflection member is configured to be opposite the gas inlet duct when the carriage is outside the production platform;
  • said deflection member is configured to direct a flow of gas, coming from the gas inlet conduit, flowing in an orthonormal direction on the surface of the production plate;
  • - Said deflection member comprises means for fixing by clipping to the depositing carriage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a gas flow deflection member according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a front perspective view of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation in transparency of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a rear perspective view of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention.
  • the machine 10 for additive manufacturing includes a chamber 20 for manufacturing.
  • the manufacturing chamber 20 comprises an enclosure 30 and a worktop 40.
  • the enclosure 30 comprises side walls and an upper cover.
  • the enclosure 30 can for example be made of sheet metal.
  • the work surface 40 is covered by said enclosure 30 and can, for example, be made of metal or ceramic.
  • the manufacturing chamber 20 also includes a manufacturing plate 50.
  • the manufacturing plate 50 is intended to receive the various successive layers of additive manufacturing powder and to support a part during its manufacture. To do this, the plate 50 has characteristics of flatness and surface condition suitable for additive manufacturing. In addition, the plate 50 preferably has mechanical strength characteristics making it possible to support a part of several tens or even hundreds of kilograms. Thus, the plate 50 can for example be made of metal or one-piece ceramic.
  • the plate 50 slides through an opening of the work surface 40 in a manufacturing jacket 41 located under said work plane 40.
  • the work plane 40 surrounds the upper edge of the jacket. manufacturing 41, and the manufacturing shirt 41 makes it possible to keep a manufactured part and the non-solidified powder which surrounds it on the plate 50 in a substantially closed volume.
  • the plate 50 could, for example, be juxtaposed with the work surface 40.
  • the plate 50 is located in the plane of the work plane 40 at the start of the manufacturing cycle, then in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the work plane 40 as the plate descends into the jacket.
  • the production plate 50 can be circular, rectangular, square, triangular, etc.
  • the machine 10 also preferably comprises a closed enclosure 1 1 in which the manufacturing chamber 20 and the work surface 40 are positioned.
  • the closed enclosure 1 1 is adapted to be substantially gas tight.
  • the closed enclosure 11 can, for example, consist of polymer panels and / or metal panels.
  • the closed enclosure 1 1 can be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or a noble gas (ie a gas taken from helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon or radon), or a mixture of some of these gases.
  • an inert gas such as nitrogen or a noble gas (ie a gas taken from helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon or radon), or a mixture of some of these gases.
  • the manufacturing chamber 20 comprises a carriage 60 sliding above the work surface 40 and the plate 50.
  • the carriage 60 makes it possible to distribute the powder on the plate 50 or on a previous layer of powder, for the production of a part.
  • the carriage 60 may, for example, include a squeegee and / or a roller.
  • the manufacturing chamber 20 comprises a power supply member 70 for melting a metallic powder.
  • the power supply member 70 can, for example, be a source of laser beam, electron beam, etc.
  • the machine 10 starts in a position in which the plate 50 is located substantially in the same plane as the work plane 40.
  • the closed enclosure 1 1 is sealed. Oxygen is expelled from it to be replaced by an inert gas.
  • This technical arrangement advantageously makes it possible to improve the quality of manufacturing, avoiding possible oxidation of the additive manufacturing powder used to manufacture a part.
  • the depletion of oxygen in the closed chamber 11 reduces the risk of ignition or explosion, which makes the machine 10 safer.
  • Powder is taken or deposited in front of the carriage 60 by a powder dispensing machine which can be a drawer or an injector.
  • a powder dispensing machine which can be a drawer or an injector.
  • the carriage 60 translates above a powder supply tank provided in the work surface 40. Then, the carriage 60 distributes additive manufacturing powder, for example metallic, on the tray 50 and the power supply member 70 sintered or melted the powder, according to chosen planar coordinates, on a manufacturing zone 51 of the manufacturing plate 50, to manufacture a part.
  • additive manufacturing consists of a successive addition of layers of material from one part. Map of the area
  • the work surface 40 or the plate 50 is moved so that only the layer during manufacture, of the manufacturing zone 51, is located in the plane of the work surface 40.
  • the plate 50 is movable in translation relative to the manufacturing chamber 20, which means that in the reference frame of the chamber 20 the plate 50 moves.
  • An actuator 42 allows the translational movement of the plate 50 in the jacket.
  • the actuator 42 is preferably configured to cause relative translations all substantially in the same direction, in this case said direction of translation is in a vertical plane of the chamber 20 of manufacture.
  • actuator is meant a mechanism controlled electronically and / or pneumatically, capable of producing a relative translational movement between the two entities that it connects, in particular a linear actuator capable of creating a linear compression movement ( it will be understood that the invention is not limited to this type of actuators).
  • Each actuator is thus typically of the jack type, with a fixed main part, often tubular (called then cylinder) in which a movable part (called piston rod) is movable in translation on command.
  • the actuator can be purely electromechanical (this is called a linear actuator, for example with a screw-nut mechanism), pneumatic, hydraulic or any other type of technology defined according to the characteristics of effort, speed, stroke, shape. , weight, and above all reliability, specific to the field of additive manufacturing.
  • the invention is not limited to jacks, and that the actuator (s) may use other technologies, and be for example ball screws or worms.
  • the manufacturing chamber 20 may also include a pit 90 intended to receive an excess of powder and arranged in the continuity of the manufacturing plate.
  • the excess powder is brought from the production plate to the pit 90 by means of the roller 63 of the carriage 60 or a blade disposed on said carriage 60.
  • the machine 10 therefore comprises a gas inlet pipe.
  • the gas can come from the enclosure or correspond to a separate gas, coming from another source, such as an inert gas such as nitrogen or a noble gas (ie a gas taken from helium, neon , argon, krypton, xenon or radon), or a mixture of some of these gases.
  • an inert gas such as nitrogen or a noble gas (ie a gas taken from helium, neon , argon, krypton, xenon or radon), or a mixture of some of these gases.
  • the gas inlet duct can be arranged in the form of a blowing rod 100.
  • the blowing rod is configured to conduct a gas flow in a plane substantially orthonormal to the production plate 50.
  • the machine also comprises a member 1 10 for deflecting the flow of gas from the blowing rod 100.
  • the blowing rod is configured so that its gas outlet is disposed outside of the manufacturing zone 51.
  • the deflection member 1 10 is thus configured to deflect the flow of gas from the blowing rod 100 in order to obtain a flow of gas in a plane tangent to the surface of the manufacturing zone 51.
  • such a deviated flow makes it possible to evacuate a maximum of the fumes associated with the melting of the powders, without penalizing the good performance of the deposited powders.
  • the gas flow mixes with the fumes from the fusion of the powders.
  • the machine also includes a suction box 80 which can be connected to a suction member for the evacuation of this smoke.
  • a first orthogonal coordinate system XYZ is placed, in which the directions X and Y are in the plane of the surface of the manufacturing area 51 and the direction Z is normal to the plane of the surface of the area 51 of manufacturing.
  • the deflection member 1 10 is in the form of a housing, comprising a main body, and comprises on an upper end, for example its upper face, one or more gas inlets 1 1 1 arranged opposite the gas outlet of the blowing rod 100.
  • the length of the upper end of the deflection member 1 10, considered parallel to the axis X is equal to the length of the gas outlet of the blowing rod 100, considered parallel to the axis X .
  • the width of the upper end of the deflection member 110, considered parallel to the axis Y, is substantially equal to the width of the blowing rod 100, considered parallel to the axis Y.
  • such sizing makes it possible to capture a maximum of the flow of gas emitted by the blowing rod 100.
  • the gas inlets 1 1 1 are preferably rectangular, circular, oblong, etc.
  • the deflection member 1 10 also comprises at its lower end, for example on a front face, opposite the carriage 60 and disposed opposite the production plate 50, one or more gas outlets 1 13.
  • the gas outlets 1 13 are preferably rectangular, circular, oblong, etc.
  • the length of the lower end of the deflection member 110, considered parallel to the axis X is approximately equal to the width of the manufacturing plate 50, considered parallel to the axis X.
  • such sizing makes it possible to divert a maximum of the flow of gas emitted by the blowing rod 100 towards the surface of the manufacturing zone 51, and thus to maximize the evacuation of the fumes resulting from the fusion of the powders by a flux grazing said zone 51.
  • the gas inlets 1 1 1 and the gas outlets 1 13 1 define at least one gas duct 1 12.
  • the deflection member 1 10 comprises one or more gas pipes 1 12 passing through the main body of said member 1 10. Said pipes 1 12 are completely or partially partitioned in their longitudinal extent. Preferably, the longitudinal section, in a YZ plane, of a duct 1 12 narrows in the direction going from a gas inlet to a gas outlet.
  • an outlet 1 13 of gas has at its opening to the outside, an inclined internal surface.
  • the internal surface of the underside of a gas outlet 1 13 has an angle a with reference to a horizontal plane.
  • the value of said angle is for example in a range from about 40 ° to about 45 °, preferably equal to about 43 °.
  • the internal surface of the upper face of a gas outlet 1 13 may also have such an angle a with reference to a horizontal plane.
  • such an angle a allows the gas flow to be deflected so that the flow is in a plane tangent to the surface of the manufacturing zone 51.
  • the deflection member 1 10 can be configured to be fixed to the carriage 60.
  • such a configuration makes it possible to simplify the installation of a device allowing the evacuation of the fumes.
  • the carriage 60 may comprise a blade 61 making it possible to bring the powder in front of the manufacturing zone 51 and a roller 63 making it possible to spread the powder over the manufacturing zone 51.
  • Said blade 61 is preferably fixed by means of claws 62 surrounding the upper part of the carriage 60.
  • the deflection member is fixed above the blade 61.
  • the deflection member 1 10 may have on its rear face, adjacent to the carriage 60, a plurality of recesses 1 14, of the same number as claws 62.
  • the recesses 1 14 being configured to allow fixing by clipping said recesses 1 14 to the claws 62 of the roller.
  • the recesses 1 14 have a profile complementary to a profile of part of the claws 62.
  • the recesses may have a curvature substantially concordant with the curvature of the part of the claws 62 where the deflection member 1 10 is affixed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention concerns an additive manufacturing machine (10) comprising a gas flow deflection member (110) for discharging fumes resulting from the additive manufacture of a workpiece, the machine (10) comprising an enclosure (30), a manufacturing plate (50), a gas inlet pipe (100) and a powder deposition carriage (60), characterised in that the deflection member (110) is configured to direct a gas flow from the gas inlet pipe (100) in a plane substantially tangential to the surface of a manufacturing zone (51) of the manufacturing plate (50), and in that the deflection member (110) is configured to be attached to the carriage (60).

Description

MACHINE DE FABRICATION ADDITIVE COMPORTANT UN ORGANE DE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING MACHINE COMPRISING AN ORGAN OF
DEVIATION D’UN FLUX DE GAZ DEVIATION OF A GAS FLOW
DOMAINE DE L'INVENTION ET ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND STATE OF THE ART
La présente invention concerne le domaine général de la fabrication additive sélective. The present invention relates to the general field of selective additive manufacturing.
Plus particulièrement, elle concerne une machine de fabrication additive.  More particularly, it relates to an additive manufacturing machine.
La fabrication additive sélective consiste à réaliser des objets tridimensionnels par consolidation de zones sélectionnées sur des strates successives de matériau pulvérulent (poudre métallique, poudre de céramique, etc...). Les zones consolidées correspondent à des sections successives de l'objet tridimensionnel. La consolidation se fait par exemple couche par couche, par une fusion sélective totale ou partielle réalisée avec une source de consolidation (faisceau laser de forte puissance, faisceau d’électrons, etc.).  Selective additive manufacturing consists of making three-dimensional objects by consolidating selected areas on successive layers of powdery material (metallic powder, ceramic powder, etc.). The consolidated areas correspond to successive sections of the three-dimensional object. Consolidation is done, for example, layer by layer, by a total or partial selective fusion carried out with a consolidation source (high power laser beam, electron beam, etc.).
Classiquement, un appareil de fabrication additive comporte dans une chambre de fabrication fixe :  Conventionally, an additive manufacturing apparatus comprises in a fixed manufacturing chamber:
- un plateau mobile sur lequel sont déposées successivement les différentes couches de poudre de fabrication additive,  - a movable plate on which the different layers of additive manufacturing powder are successively deposited,
- une ou plusieurs sources de faisceaux d’énergie commandées pour balayer sélectivement le lit de poudre,  - one or more sources of energy beams controlled to selectively sweep the powder bed,
- un réservoir d’alimentation de poudre,  - a powder supply tank,
- un outil, tel qu’une raclette ou un rouleau, qui se déplace en translation sur le lit de poudre pour étaler la poudre.  - a tool, such as a squeegee or a roller, which moves in translation on the powder bed to spread the powder.
Classiquement, on prévoit au-dessus du plateau mobile un flux de gaz inerte destiné à évacuer les fumées et projections résultant de la fusion des poudres, et qui peuvent diminuer la qualité du faisceau et la qualité de la fusion. Ce flux de gaz inerte évite que les fumées et les projections ne perturbent le faisceau d’énergie. Il contribue en outre à empêcher que ces fumées et projections salissent ou obstruent la vitre par laquelle le faisceau d’énergie pénètre dans la chambre de fabrication. Les configurations proposées à ce jour pour de tels mécanismes d’évacuation de fumée ne sont néanmoins pas pleinement satisfaisantes. Conventionally, there is provided above the movable plate a flow of inert gas intended to evacuate the fumes and projections resulting from the fusion of the powders, and which can reduce the quality of the beam and the quality of the fusion. This flow of inert gas prevents fumes and projections from disturbing the energy beam. It also helps prevent these fumes and projections from dirtying or obstructing the glass through which the energy beam enters the manufacturing chamber. The configurations proposed to date for such smoke evacuation mechanisms are however not entirely satisfactory.
PRESENTATION GENERALE DE L’INVENTION GENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention a pour objectif de fournir une machine de fabrication additive permettant l’évacuation des fumées et projections résultant de la fusion des poudres. The present invention aims to provide an additive manufacturing machine for the evacuation of fumes and projections resulting from the fusion of powders.
Dans ce but, l’invention concerne une machine de fabrication additive comprenant un organe de déviation d’un flux de gaz pour l’évacuation des fumées résultant de la fabrication additive d’une pièce, ladite machine comprenant une enceinte , un plateau de fabrication, un conduit d’entrée de gaz, un chariot de dépôt de poudre, caractérisée en ce que ledit organe de déviation est configuré pour diriger un flux de gaz issu du conduit d’entrée de gaz dans un plan sensiblement tangent à la surface d’une zone de fabrication du plateau de fabrication, et en ce que l’organe de déviation est configuré pour être fixé au chariot .  For this purpose, the invention relates to an additive manufacturing machine comprising a member for deflecting a gas flow for the evacuation of the fumes resulting from the additive manufacturing of a part, said machine comprising an enclosure, a manufacturing tray. , a gas inlet pipe, a powder deposition carriage, characterized in that said deflection member is configured to direct a flow of gas coming from the gas inlet pipe in a plane substantially tangent to the surface of a manufacturing area of the manufacturing platform, and in that the deflection member is configured to be fixed to the carriage.
Cette disposition technique est particulièrement avantageuse. This technical arrangement is particularly advantageous.
En effet, elle permet d’évacuer de façon optimale les fumées et projections résultant de la fusion des poudres.  Indeed, it allows optimal evacuation of fumes and projections resulting from the fusion of powders.
Avantageusement, l’invention peut en outre comprendre les caractéristiques suivantes : Advantageously, the invention can also include the following characteristics:
- l’organe de déviation comporte dans une section d’entrée au moins une entrée de gaz en regard d’une sortie du conduit d’entrée de gaz, et dans une section de sortie au moins une sortie de gaz en regard du plateau de fabrication, lesdites entrée et sortie de gaz définissant un conduit d’écoulement de gaz ; - la longueur de la section d’entrée est sensiblement égale à la longueur de la sortie du conduit d’entrée de gaz ; - the deflection member comprises in an inlet section at least one gas inlet facing an outlet from the gas inlet duct, and in an outlet section at least one gas outlet facing the tray manufacturing, said gas inlet and outlet defining a gas flow conduit; - The length of the inlet section is substantially equal to the length of the outlet from the gas inlet duct;
- la largeur de la section d’entrée est sensiblement égale à la largeur de la sortie du conduit d’entrée de gaz ;  - The width of the inlet section is substantially equal to the width of the outlet from the gas inlet duct;
- la sortie de gaz présente au niveau de son ouverture vers l’extérieur, une surface interne inclinée par rapport é l’horizontale, d’un angle d’environ 40° à 45°, préférentiellement d’environ 43° ;  - The gas outlet present at its opening to the outside, an internal surface inclined relative to the horizontal, at an angle of about 40 ° to 45 °, preferably about 43 °;
- la longueur de la section de sortie est sensiblement égale à la largeur du plateau de fabrication ;  - The length of the outlet section is substantially equal to the width of the production plate;
- ledit organe de déviation est configuré pour être en regard du conduit d’entrée de gaz quand le chariot est en dehors du plateau de fabrication ; - Said deflection member is configured to be opposite the gas inlet duct when the carriage is outside the production platform;
- ledit organe de déviation est configuré pour diriger un flux de gaz, issu du conduit d’entrée de gaz, s’écoulant dans une direction orthonormale à la surface du plateau de fabrication ; et - said deflection member is configured to direct a flow of gas, coming from the gas inlet conduit, flowing in an orthonormal direction on the surface of the production plate; and
- ledit organe de déviation comporte des moyens de fixation par clipsage au chariot de dépôt.  - Said deflection member comprises means for fixing by clipping to the depositing carriage.
DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
D’autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention ressortiront encore de la description qui suit, laquelle est purement illustrative et non limitative, et doit être lue en regard des figures annexées sur lesquelles : Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description, which is purely illustrative and not limiting, and should be read with reference to the appended figures in which:
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d’une machine de fabrication additive selon l’invention;  - Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an additive manufacturing machine according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une représentation schématique d’un organe de déviation de flux de gaz selon l’invention ;  - Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a gas flow deflection member according to the invention;
- la figure 3 illustre une vue en perspective avant de l’organe de déviation de flux de gaz selon l’invention ;  - Figure 3 illustrates a front perspective view of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention;
- la figure 4 illustre une vue en coupe longitudinale de l’organe de déviation de flux de gaz selon l’invention ; - la figure 5 est une représentation schématique en transparence de l’organe de déviation de flux de gaz selon l’invention ; et - Figure 4 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention; - Figure 5 is a schematic representation in transparency of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention; and
- la figure 6 illustre une vue en perspective arrière de l’organe de déviation de flux de gaz selon l’invention.  - Figure 6 illustrates a rear perspective view of the gas flow deflection member according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Disposition générale General provision
En référence à la figure 1 , la machine 10 de fabrication additive comprend une chambre 20 de fabrication.  Referring to Figure 1, the machine 10 for additive manufacturing includes a chamber 20 for manufacturing.
D’une manière classique, la chambre 20 de fabrication comprend une enceinte 30 et un plan de travail 40. L’enceinte 30 comprend des parois latérales et un capot supérieur. L’enceinte 30 peut par exemple être réalisée en tôle. Le plan de travail 40 est recouvert par ladite enceinte 30 et peut, par exemple, être réalisé en métal ou en céramique.  In a conventional manner, the manufacturing chamber 20 comprises an enclosure 30 and a worktop 40. The enclosure 30 comprises side walls and an upper cover. The enclosure 30 can for example be made of sheet metal. The work surface 40 is covered by said enclosure 30 and can, for example, be made of metal or ceramic.
La chambre de fabrication 20 comporte également un plateau 50 de fabrication. The manufacturing chamber 20 also includes a manufacturing plate 50.
Le plateau 50 de fabrication est destiné à recevoir les différentes couches de poudre de fabrication additive successives et soutenir une pièce lors de sa fabrication. Pour ce faire le plateau 50 présente des caractéristiques de planéité et d’état de surface adaptées à la fabrication additive. De plus, le plateau 50 présente préférentiellement des caractéristiques de résistance mécanique permettant de soutenir une pièce de plusieurs dizaines voire centaines de kilogrammes. Ainsi, le plateau 50 peut par exemple être réalisé en métal ou en céramique monobloc. The manufacturing plate 50 is intended to receive the various successive layers of additive manufacturing powder and to support a part during its manufacture. To do this, the plate 50 has characteristics of flatness and surface condition suitable for additive manufacturing. In addition, the plate 50 preferably has mechanical strength characteristics making it possible to support a part of several tens or even hundreds of kilograms. Thus, the plate 50 can for example be made of metal or one-piece ceramic.
Selon le mode de réalisation ici présenté, le plateau 50 coulisse au travers d’une ouverture du plan de travail 40 dans une chemise de fabrication 41 située sous ledit plan de travail 40. Le plan de travail 40 entoure le bord supérieur de la chemise de fabrication 41 , et la chemise de fabrication 41 permet de conserver une pièce fabriquée et la poudre non solidifiée qui l’entoure sur le plateau 50 dans un volume sensiblement clos.  According to the embodiment presented here, the plate 50 slides through an opening of the work surface 40 in a manufacturing jacket 41 located under said work plane 40. The work plane 40 surrounds the upper edge of the jacket. manufacturing 41, and the manufacturing shirt 41 makes it possible to keep a manufactured part and the non-solidified powder which surrounds it on the plate 50 in a substantially closed volume.
Cependant, selon un autre mode de réalisation, le plateau 50 pourrait, par exemple, être juxtaposé au plan de travail 40. Le plateau 50 se situe dans le plan du plan de travail 40 en début de cycle de fabrication, puis dans un plan sensiblement parallèle au plan du plan de travail 40 au fur et à mesure que le plateau descend dans la chemise. However, according to another embodiment, the plate 50 could, for example, be juxtaposed with the work surface 40. The plate 50 is located in the plane of the work plane 40 at the start of the manufacturing cycle, then in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the work plane 40 as the plate descends into the jacket.
Le plateau de fabrication 50 peut être de forme circulaire, rectangulaire, carré, triangulaire, ....  The production plate 50 can be circular, rectangular, square, triangular, etc.
La machine 10 comprend en outre préférentiellement une enceinte close 1 1 dans laquelle sont positionnés la chambre 20 de fabrication et le plan de travail 40. The machine 10 also preferably comprises a closed enclosure 1 1 in which the manufacturing chamber 20 and the work surface 40 are positioned.
L’enceinte close 1 1 est adaptée pour être sensiblement étanche aux gaz. L’enceinte close 11 peut, par exemple, être constituée de panneaux polymères et/ou de panneaux métalliques.  The closed enclosure 1 1 is adapted to be substantially gas tight. The closed enclosure 11 can, for example, consist of polymer panels and / or metal panels.
L’enceinte close 1 1 peut être remplie d’un gaz inerte tel que l’azote ou un gaz noble (i.e. un gaz pris parmi l’hélium, le néon, l’argon, le krypton, le xénon ou le radon), ou d’un mélange de certains de ces gaz.  The closed enclosure 1 1 can be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or a noble gas (ie a gas taken from helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon or radon), or a mixture of some of these gases.
En outre, la chambre 20 de fabrication comprend un chariot 60 coulissant au- dessus du plan de travail 40 et du plateau 50. In addition, the manufacturing chamber 20 comprises a carriage 60 sliding above the work surface 40 and the plate 50.
Le chariot 60 permet de répartir de la poudre sur le plateau 50 ou sur une couche précédente de poudre, en vue de la fabrication d’une pièce.  The carriage 60 makes it possible to distribute the powder on the plate 50 or on a previous layer of powder, for the production of a part.
Le chariot 60 peut, par exemple, comprendre une raclette et/ou un rouleau.  The carriage 60 may, for example, include a squeegee and / or a roller.
Par ailleurs, la chambre 20 de fabrication comprend un organe d’apport de puissance 70 permettant de fondre une poudre métallique. L’organe d’apport de puissance 70 peut, par exemple, être une source de faisceau laser, de faisceau d’électrons, etc.  Furthermore, the manufacturing chamber 20 comprises a power supply member 70 for melting a metallic powder. The power supply member 70 can, for example, be a source of laser beam, electron beam, etc.
Fonctionnement de la machine Machine operation
En fonctionnement, la machine 10 démarre dans une position dans laquelle le plateau 50 est situé sensiblement dans le même plan que le plan de travail 40.  In operation, the machine 10 starts in a position in which the plate 50 is located substantially in the same plane as the work plane 40.
Dès le lancement du procédé de fabrication, l’enceinte close 1 1 est fermée de manière étanche. L’oxygène en est chassé pour être remplacé par un gaz inerte. Cette disposition technique permet avantageusement d’améliorer la qualité de la fabrication, en évitant une éventuelle oxydation de la poudre de fabrication additive utilisée pour fabriquer une pièce. De plus, la raréfaction de l’oxygène dans l’enceinte close 1 1 diminue les risques d’inflammation ou d’explosion, ce qui rend la machine 10 plus sûre. From the start of the manufacturing process, the closed enclosure 1 1 is sealed. Oxygen is expelled from it to be replaced by an inert gas. This technical arrangement advantageously makes it possible to improve the quality of manufacturing, avoiding possible oxidation of the additive manufacturing powder used to manufacture a part. In addition, the depletion of oxygen in the closed chamber 11 reduces the risk of ignition or explosion, which makes the machine 10 safer.
De la poudre est emmenée ou déposée devant le chariot 60 par une machine de distribution de poudre qui peut être un tiroir ou un injecteur. En variante, le chariot 60 se translate au-dessus d’un bac d’alimentation de poudre prévu dans le plan de travail 40. Ensuite, le chariot 60 répartit de la poudre de fabrication additive, par exemple métallique, sur le plateau 50 et l’organe d’apport de puissance 70 fritte ou fait fondre la poudre, selon des coordonnées planaires choisies, sur une zone 51 de fabrication du plateau 50 de fabrication, pour fabriquer une pièce.  Powder is taken or deposited in front of the carriage 60 by a powder dispensing machine which can be a drawer or an injector. As a variant, the carriage 60 translates above a powder supply tank provided in the work surface 40. Then, the carriage 60 distributes additive manufacturing powder, for example metallic, on the tray 50 and the power supply member 70 sintered or melted the powder, according to chosen planar coordinates, on a manufacturing zone 51 of the manufacturing plate 50, to manufacture a part.
Au fur et à mesure de la fabrication de la pièce, il est nécessaire que le plateau As the piece is manufactured, it is necessary that the tray
50 diminue en altitude par rapport au plan de travail 40. En effet, la fabrication additive consiste en un ajout successif de couches de matière d’une pièce. Le plan de la zone50 decreases in altitude with respect to the work surface 40. In fact, additive manufacturing consists of a successive addition of layers of material from one part. Map of the area
51 de fabrication, de fusion de la poudre, reste inchangé tout au long du processus. 51 manufacturing, powder melting, remains unchanged throughout the process.
Ainsi, le plan de travail 40 ou le plateau 50 est déplacé pour que seule la couche en cours de fabrication, de la zone 51 de fabrication, se situe dans le plan du plan de travail 40.  Thus, the work surface 40 or the plate 50 is moved so that only the layer during manufacture, of the manufacturing zone 51, is located in the plane of the work surface 40.
Par exemple, de façon classique, le plateau 50 est mobile en translation par rapport à la chambre de fabrication 20, ce qui signifie que dans le référentiel de la chambre 20 le plateau 50 se déplace.  For example, conventionally, the plate 50 is movable in translation relative to the manufacturing chamber 20, which means that in the reference frame of the chamber 20 the plate 50 moves.
Un actionneur 42 permet le déplacement en translation du plateau 50 dans la chemise.  An actuator 42 allows the translational movement of the plate 50 in the jacket.
L’actionneur 42 est préférentiellement configuré pour provoquer des translations relatives toutes sensiblement selon une même direction, en l’espèce ladite direction de translation est dans un plan vertical de la chambre 20 de fabrication.  The actuator 42 is preferably configured to cause relative translations all substantially in the same direction, in this case said direction of translation is in a vertical plane of the chamber 20 of manufacture.
Il est précisé que, par actionneur, on entend un mécanisme contrôlé électroniquement et/ou pneumatiquement, capable de produire un mouvement de translation relatif entre les deux entités qu’il relie, en particulier un actionneur linéaire capable de créer un mouvement linéaire de compression (on comprendra que l’invention n’est pas limitée à ce type d’actionneurs). Chaque actionneur est ainsi typiquement de type vérin, avec une partie principale fixe, souvent tubulaire (appelée alors cylindre) dans lequel une pièce mobile (appelée tige de piston) est mobile en translation sur commande. Le vérin peut être purement électromécanique (on parle alors d’actionneur linéaire, par exemple à mécanisme vis-écrou), pneumatique, hydraulique ou tout autre type de technologies définies en fonction des caractéristiques d’effort, de vitesse, de course, de forme, de poids, et surtout de fiabilité, propres au domaine de la fabrication additive. It is specified that, by actuator, is meant a mechanism controlled electronically and / or pneumatically, capable of producing a relative translational movement between the two entities that it connects, in particular a linear actuator capable of creating a linear compression movement ( it will be understood that the invention is not limited to this type of actuators). Each actuator is thus typically of the jack type, with a fixed main part, often tubular (called then cylinder) in which a movable part (called piston rod) is movable in translation on command. The actuator can be purely electromechanical (this is called a linear actuator, for example with a screw-nut mechanism), pneumatic, hydraulic or any other type of technology defined according to the characteristics of effort, speed, stroke, shape. , weight, and above all reliability, specific to the field of additive manufacturing.
L’homme du métier comprendra que l’invention n’est pas limitée aux vérins, et que le ou les actionneurs pourront utiliser d’autres technologies, et être par exemple des vis à billes ou des vis sans fin.  Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention is not limited to jacks, and that the actuator (s) may use other technologies, and be for example ball screws or worms.
La chambre 20 de fabrication peut comporter également une fosse 90 destinée à recevoir un excès de poudre et disposée dans la continuité du plateau de fabrication. Ainsi, la poudre en excès est amenée du plateau de fabrication à la fosse 90 au moyen du rouleau 63 du chariot 60 ou d'une lame disposée sur ledit chariot 60.  The manufacturing chamber 20 may also include a pit 90 intended to receive an excess of powder and arranged in the continuity of the manufacturing plate. Thus, the excess powder is brought from the production plate to the pit 90 by means of the roller 63 of the carriage 60 or a blade disposed on said carriage 60.
Evacuation des fumées Smoke evacuation
Durant le fonctionnement de la machine 10, il résulte de la fusion des poudres de fabrication additive, des fumées et projections qui doivent être évacuées. En effet, une des raisons est de ne pas perturber le faisceau laser pour ne pas diminuer la qualité de la fusion des poudres.  During the operation of the machine 10, it results from the fusion of the additive manufacturing powders, fumes and projections which must be evacuated. One of the reasons is not to disturb the laser beam so as not to reduce the quality of the powder fusion.
La machine 10 comprend donc un conduit d'entrée de gaz. Le gaz peut être issu de l’enceinte ou correspondre à un gaz distinct, issu d’une autre source, tel qu’un gaz inerte tel que l’azote ou un gaz noble (i.e. un gaz pris parmi l’hélium, le néon, l’argon, le krypton, le xénon ou le radon), ou d’un mélange de certains de ces gaz.  The machine 10 therefore comprises a gas inlet pipe. The gas can come from the enclosure or correspond to a separate gas, coming from another source, such as an inert gas such as nitrogen or a noble gas (ie a gas taken from helium, neon , argon, krypton, xenon or radon), or a mixture of some of these gases.
Le conduit d'entrée de gaz peut être agencé sous la forme d’une canne de soufflage 100. La canne de soufflage est configurée pour conduire un flux gazeux dans un plan sensiblement orthonormal au plateau de fabrication 50.  The gas inlet duct can be arranged in the form of a blowing rod 100. The blowing rod is configured to conduct a gas flow in a plane substantially orthonormal to the production plate 50.
La machine comprend également un organe 1 10 de déviation du flux de gaz issu de la canne de soufflage 100. Idéalement, la canne de soufflage est configurée pour que sa sortie de gaz soit disposée en dehors de la zone 51 de fabrication. L’organe 1 10 de déviation est ainsi configuré pour dévier le flux de gaz issu de la canne de soufflage 100 afin d’obtenir un flux de gaz dans un plan tangent à la surface de la zone 51 de fabrication. The machine also comprises a member 1 10 for deflecting the flow of gas from the blowing rod 100. Ideally, the blowing rod is configured so that its gas outlet is disposed outside of the manufacturing zone 51. The deflection member 1 10 is thus configured to deflect the flow of gas from the blowing rod 100 in order to obtain a flow of gas in a plane tangent to the surface of the manufacturing zone 51.
De manière avantageuse, un tel flux dévié permet d’évacuer un maximum des fumées liées à la fusion des poudres, sans pénaliser la bonne tenue des poudres déposées.  Advantageously, such a deviated flow makes it possible to evacuate a maximum of the fumes associated with the melting of the powders, without penalizing the good performance of the deposited powders.
Ensuite, au fur et à mesure de son avancée sur le plateau 50 de fabrication, le flux de gaz se mélange aux fumées issues de la fusion des poudres.  Then, as it advances on the manufacturing plate 50, the gas flow mixes with the fumes from the fusion of the powders.
La machine comprend également un boîtier 80 d’aspiration pouvant être relié à un organe d’aspiration pour l’évacuation de ces fumées.  The machine also includes a suction box 80 which can be connected to a suction member for the evacuation of this smoke.
Pour la suite de la présente description, on pose un premier repère orthogonal XYZ, dans lequel les directions X et Y sont dans le plan de la surface de la zone 51 de fabrication et la direction Z est normale au plan de la surface de la zone 51 de fabrication. For the remainder of this description, a first orthogonal coordinate system XYZ is placed, in which the directions X and Y are in the plane of the surface of the manufacturing area 51 and the direction Z is normal to the plane of the surface of the area 51 of manufacturing.
En référence à la figure 2, l’organe 1 10 de déviation est sous la forme d’un boîtier, comprenant un corps principal, et comporte sur une extrémité supérieure, par exemple sa face supérieure, une ou plusieurs entrées 1 1 1 de gaz disposées en regard de la sortie de gaz de la canne de soufflage 100. Referring to Figure 2, the deflection member 1 10 is in the form of a housing, comprising a main body, and comprises on an upper end, for example its upper face, one or more gas inlets 1 1 1 arranged opposite the gas outlet of the blowing rod 100.
Préférentiellement, la longueur de l’extrémité supérieure de l’organe 1 10 de déviation, considérée parallèlement à l’axe X, est égale à la longueur de la sortie de gaz de la canne de soufflage 100, considérée parallèlement à l’axe X.  Preferably, the length of the upper end of the deflection member 1 10, considered parallel to the axis X, is equal to the length of the gas outlet of the blowing rod 100, considered parallel to the axis X .
Également, préférentiellement, la largeur de l’extrémité supérieure de l’organe 1 10 de déviation, considérée parallèlement à l’axe Y, est sensiblement égale à la largeur de la canne de soufflage 100, considérée parallèlement à l’axe Y.  Also, preferably, the width of the upper end of the deflection member 110, considered parallel to the axis Y, is substantially equal to the width of the blowing rod 100, considered parallel to the axis Y.
De manière avantageuse, un tel dimensionnement permet de capter un maximum du flux de gaz émis par la canne de soufflage 100.  Advantageously, such sizing makes it possible to capture a maximum of the flow of gas emitted by the blowing rod 100.
Les entrées 1 1 1 de gaz sont préférentiellement de forme rectangulaire, circulaire, oblongue... L’organe 1 10 de déviation comporte également à son extrémité inférieure, par exemple sur une face avant, opposée au chariot 60 et disposée en regard du plateau de fabrication 50, une ou plusieurs sorties 1 13 de gaz. The gas inlets 1 1 1 are preferably rectangular, circular, oblong, etc. The deflection member 1 10 also comprises at its lower end, for example on a front face, opposite the carriage 60 and disposed opposite the production plate 50, one or more gas outlets 1 13.
Les sorties 1 13 de gaz sont préférentiellement de forme rectangulaire, circulaire, oblong...  The gas outlets 1 13 are preferably rectangular, circular, oblong, etc.
Préférentiellement, la longueur de l’extrémité inférieure de l’organe 1 10 de déviation, considérée parallèlement à l’axe X, est environ égale à la largeur du plateau 50 de fabrication, considérée parallèlement à l’axe X.  Preferably, the length of the lower end of the deflection member 110, considered parallel to the axis X, is approximately equal to the width of the manufacturing plate 50, considered parallel to the axis X.
De manière avantageuse, un tel dimensionnement permet de dévier un maximum du flux de gaz émis par la canne de soufflage 100 vers la surface de la zone 51 de fabrication, et ainsi de maximiser l’évacuation des fumées issues de la fusion des poudres par un flux rasant ladite zone 51.  Advantageously, such sizing makes it possible to divert a maximum of the flow of gas emitted by the blowing rod 100 towards the surface of the manufacturing zone 51, and thus to maximize the evacuation of the fumes resulting from the fusion of the powders by a flux grazing said zone 51.
En référence à la figure 3, les entrées 1 1 1 de gaz et les sorties 1 13 de gaz en regard, définissent au moins un conduit 1 12 de gaz. With reference to FIG. 3, the gas inlets 1 1 1 and the gas outlets 1 13 1 define at least one gas duct 1 12.
L’organe 1 10 de déviation comporte un ou plusieurs conduits 1 12 de gaz traversant le corps principal dudit organe 1 10. Lesdits conduits 1 12 sont cloisonnés totalement ou partiellement dans leurs étendues longitudinales. Préférentiellement, la section longitudinale, dans un plan YZ, d’un conduit 1 12 se rétrécit dans le sens allant d’une entrée de gaz vers une sortie de gaz.  The deflection member 1 10 comprises one or more gas pipes 1 12 passing through the main body of said member 1 10. Said pipes 1 12 are completely or partially partitioned in their longitudinal extent. Preferably, the longitudinal section, in a YZ plane, of a duct 1 12 narrows in the direction going from a gas inlet to a gas outlet.
En référence à la figure 4, une sortie 1 13 de gaz présente au niveau de son ouverture vers l’extérieur, une surface interne inclinée. Referring to Figure 4, an outlet 1 13 of gas has at its opening to the outside, an inclined internal surface.
Ainsi, la surface interne de la face inférieure d’une sortie 1 13 de gaz, présente un angle a en référence à un plan horizontal. La valeur dudit angle est par exemple comprise dans une gamme d’environ 40° à environ 45°, préférentiellement égale à environ 43°.  Thus, the internal surface of the underside of a gas outlet 1 13 has an angle a with reference to a horizontal plane. The value of said angle is for example in a range from about 40 ° to about 45 °, preferably equal to about 43 °.
La surface interne de la face supérieure d’une sortie 1 13 de gaz peut également présenter un tel angle a en référence à un plan horizontal.  The internal surface of the upper face of a gas outlet 1 13 may also have such an angle a with reference to a horizontal plane.
Avantageusement, un tel angle a permet de dévier le flux de gaz de manière à ce que le flux soit dans un plan tangent à la surface de la zone 51 de fabrication. Comme illustré en figure 5, l’organe 1 10 de déviation peut être configuré pour être fixé au chariot 60. Advantageously, such an angle a allows the gas flow to be deflected so that the flow is in a plane tangent to the surface of the manufacturing zone 51. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the deflection member 1 10 can be configured to be fixed to the carriage 60.
Ainsi, lorsque le chariot 60 se déplace et se retrouve en bout de course en dehors du plateau de fabrication, il se trouve alors positionné en dessous du flux de gaz issu de la canne de soufflage 100.  Thus, when the carriage 60 moves and finds itself at the end of its travel outside the production plate, it is then positioned below the flow of gas coming from the blowing rod 100.
Avantageusement, une telle configuration permet de simplifier l’installation d’un dispositif permettant l’évacuation des fumées.  Advantageously, such a configuration makes it possible to simplify the installation of a device allowing the evacuation of the fumes.
Le chariot 60 peut comporter une lame 61 permettant d’amener de la poudre devant la zone de fabrication 51 et un rouleau 63 permettant d’étaler la poudre sur la zone de fabrication 51. Ladite lame 61 est préférentiellement fixée au moyen de griffes 62 entourant la partie supérieure du chariot 60.  The carriage 60 may comprise a blade 61 making it possible to bring the powder in front of the manufacturing zone 51 and a roller 63 making it possible to spread the powder over the manufacturing zone 51. Said blade 61 is preferably fixed by means of claws 62 surrounding the upper part of the carriage 60.
Préférentiellement, l’organe de déviation est fixé au-dessus de la lame 61.  Preferably, the deflection member is fixed above the blade 61.
En référence également à la figure 6, l’organe 1 10 de déviation peut disposer sur sa face arrière, adjacente au chariot 60, d’une pluralité de renfoncements 1 14, d’un même nombre que de griffes 62. Les renfoncements 1 14 étant configurés pour permettre la fixation par clipsage desdits renfoncements 1 14 aux griffes 62 du rouleau.  With reference also to FIG. 6, the deflection member 1 10 may have on its rear face, adjacent to the carriage 60, a plurality of recesses 1 14, of the same number as claws 62. The recesses 1 14 being configured to allow fixing by clipping said recesses 1 14 to the claws 62 of the roller.
Préférentiellement, les renfoncements 1 14 présentent un profil complémentaire d’un profil d’une partie des griffes 62. Ainsi, les renfoncements peuvent présenter une courbure sensiblement concordante à la courbure de la partie des griffes 62 où l’organe 1 10 de déviation est apposé.  Preferably, the recesses 1 14 have a profile complementary to a profile of part of the claws 62. Thus, the recesses may have a curvature substantially concordant with the curvature of the part of the claws 62 where the deflection member 1 10 is affixed.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Machine (10) de fabrication additive comprenant un organe (1 10) de déviation d’un flux de gaz pour l’évacuation des fumées résultant de la fabrication additive d’une pièce, ladite machine (10) comprenant une enceinte (30), un plateau (50) de fabrication, un conduit (100) d’entrée de gaz, un chariot (60) de dépôt de poudre, caractérisée en ce que ledit organe (1 10) de déviation est configuré pour diriger un flux de gaz issu du conduit (100) d’entrée de gaz dans un plan sensiblement tangent à la surface d’une zone (51 ) de fabrication du plateau (50) de fabrication, et en ce que l’organe (1 10) de déviation est configuré pour être fixé au chariot (60) et dans laquelle ledit organe (1 10) de déviation est configuré pour être en regard du conduit (100) d’entrée de gaz quand le chariot (60) est en dehors du plateau (50) de fabrication.. 1. Machine (10) for additive manufacturing comprising a member (1 10) for deflecting a gas flow for the evacuation of fumes resulting from the additive manufacturing of a part, said machine (10) comprising an enclosure (30 ), a manufacturing plate (50), a gas inlet duct (100), a powder deposition carriage (60), characterized in that said deflection member (1 10) is configured to direct a flow of gas from the gas inlet pipe (100) in a plane substantially tangent to the surface of a manufacturing zone (51) of the manufacturing plate (50), and in that the deflection member (1 10) is configured to be fixed to the carriage (60) and in which said deflection member (1 10) is configured to be opposite the gas inlet conduit (100) when the carriage (60) is outside the plate (50 ) Manufacturing..
2. Machine (10) de fabrication additive selon la revendication 1 , dans 2. Additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 1, in
laquelle l’organe (1 10) de déviation comporte  which the deflection member (1 10) comprises
dans une section d’entrée au moins une entrée (1 1 1 ) de gaz en regard d’une sortie du conduit (100) d’entrée de gaz, et  in an inlet section at least one gas inlet (1 1 1) facing an outlet from the gas inlet duct (100), and
dans une section de sortie au moins une sortie (1 13) de gaz en regard du plateau (50) de fabrication,  in an outlet section at least one outlet (1 13) for gas opposite the manufacturing plate (50),
lesdites entrée (1 1 1 ) et sortie (1 13) de gaz définissant un conduit (1 12) d’écoulement de gaz.  said gas inlet (1 1 1) and outlet (1 13) defining a gas flow conduit (1 12).
3. Machine (10) de fabrication additive selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle, en référence à un repère orthogonal XYZ, dans lequel les directions X et Y sont dans le plan de la surface de la zone (51 ) de fabrication et la direction Z est normale au plan de la surface de la zone (51 ) de fabrication, la longueur de la section d’entrée, considérée parallèlement à l’axe X, est sensiblement égale à la longueur de la sortie du conduit (100) d’entrée de gaz, considérée parallèlement à l’axe X. 3. Additive manufacturing machine (10) according to claim 2, in which, with reference to an orthogonal coordinate system XYZ, in which the directions X and Y are in the plane of the surface of the manufacturing area (51) and the direction Z is normal to the plane of the surface of the manufacturing zone (51), the length of the inlet section, considered parallel to the axis X, is substantially equal to the length of the outlet of the conduit (100) gas inlet, considered parallel to the X axis.
4. Machine (10) de fabrication additive selon l’une des revendications 2 à 3, , en référence à un repère orthogonal XYZ, dans lequel les directions X et Y sont dans le plan de la surface de la zone (51 ) de fabrication et la direction Z est normale au plan de la surface de la zone (51 ) de fabrication dans laquelle la largeur de la section d’entrée, considérée parallèlement à l’axe Y, est sensiblement égale à la largeur de la sortie du conduit (100) d’entrée de gaz, considérée parallèlement à l’axe Y. 4. machine (10) for additive manufacturing according to one of claims 2 to 3, with reference to an orthogonal coordinate system XYZ, in which the directions X and Y are in the plane of the surface of the manufacturing zone (51) and the direction Z is normal to the plane of the surface of the manufacturing zone (51) in which the width of the inlet section, considered parallel to the axis Y, is substantially equal to the width of the outlet of the conduit ( 100) gas inlet, considered parallel to the Y axis.
5. Machine (10) de fabrication additive selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle la sortie (1 13) de gaz présente au niveau de son ouverture vers l’extérieur, une surface interne inclinée par rapport à l’horizontale, d’un angle d’environ 40° à 45°, préférentiellement d’environ 43°. 5. Machine (10) for additive manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein the gas outlet (1 13) has at its opening to the outside, an internal surface inclined relative to the horizontal, by an angle from about 40 ° to 45 °, preferably about 43 °.
6. Machine (10) de fabrication additive selon l’une des revendications 2 à 5, dans laquelle la longueur de la section de sortie est sensiblement égale à la largeur du plateau (50) de fabrication. 6. Additive manufacturing machine (10) according to one of claims 2 to 5, in which the length of the outlet section is substantially equal to the width of the manufacturing plate (50).
7. Machine (10) de fabrication additive selon l’une des revendications précédentes dans laquelle ledit organe (1 10) de déviation est configuré pour diriger un flux de gaz, issu du conduit (100) d’entrée de gaz, s’écoulant dans une direction orthonormale à la surface du plateau (50) de fabrication. 7. Machine (10) for additive manufacturing according to one of the preceding claims wherein said deflection member (1 10) is configured to direct a flow of gas from the gas inlet conduit (100) flowing in an orthonormal direction to the surface of the manufacturing plate (50).
8. Machine (10) de fabrication additive selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit organe (1 10) de déviation comporte des moyens de fixation (1 14) par clipsage au chariot (60) de dépôt. 8. Machine (10) for additive manufacturing according to one of the preceding claims, in which said deflection member (1 10) comprises fixing means (1 14) by clipping to the depositing carriage (60).
PCT/FR2019/052725 2018-11-16 2019-11-15 Additive manufacturing machine comprising a gas flow deflection member WO2020099806A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1871567 2018-11-16
FR1871567A FR3088573B1 (en) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING MACHINE COMPRISING A GAS FLOW DEVIATION MEMB

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DE102010052206A1 (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-05-10 Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh Device useful for manufacturing three-dimensional object by successive solidification of layers of building material, comprises deflection device which redirects laterally injected protective gas stream back to protective gas suction
US20120126457A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2012-05-24 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Layered-modeling device and method using said device for manufacturing three-dimensional objects
WO2017179001A1 (en) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 3D New Technologies S.R.L. Apparatus for additive manufacturing and method of additive manufacturing
US20170297110A1 (en) * 2012-12-25 2017-10-19 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Three-dimensional object building apparatus and method for building three-dimensional object
US20180200793A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2018-07-19 General Electric Company Large scale additive machine
US20180207721A1 (en) * 2014-07-30 2018-07-26 MTU Aero Engines AG Device and method for additively producing at least one component region of a component

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US20120126457A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2012-05-24 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Layered-modeling device and method using said device for manufacturing three-dimensional objects
DE102010052206A1 (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-05-10 Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh Device useful for manufacturing three-dimensional object by successive solidification of layers of building material, comprises deflection device which redirects laterally injected protective gas stream back to protective gas suction
US20170297110A1 (en) * 2012-12-25 2017-10-19 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Three-dimensional object building apparatus and method for building three-dimensional object
US20180207721A1 (en) * 2014-07-30 2018-07-26 MTU Aero Engines AG Device and method for additively producing at least one component region of a component
WO2017179001A1 (en) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 3D New Technologies S.R.L. Apparatus for additive manufacturing and method of additive manufacturing
US20180200793A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2018-07-19 General Electric Company Large scale additive machine

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