WO2020088425A1 - 空调机及其控制方法 - Google Patents

空调机及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020088425A1
WO2020088425A1 PCT/CN2019/113838 CN2019113838W WO2020088425A1 WO 2020088425 A1 WO2020088425 A1 WO 2020088425A1 CN 2019113838 W CN2019113838 W CN 2019113838W WO 2020088425 A1 WO2020088425 A1 WO 2020088425A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hot water
port
way valve
heat exchanger
air conditioner
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/113838
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄曙良
曹培春
王战术
李亚军
王振
董现
Original Assignee
青岛海信日立空调***有限公司
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Publication of WO2020088425A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020088425A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0096—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater combined with domestic apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0234—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in series arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2347/00—Details for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion
    • F25B2347/02—Details of defrosting cycles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/50—Hydropower in dwellings

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to an air conditioner and its control method.
  • multi-connected air conditioning systems have gradually entered people's lives.
  • This multi-connected air conditioning system can not only meet daily cooling and heating needs, but also use heat Recycling and other technologies can produce domestic hot water without consuming additional energy and improve energy efficiency.
  • Certain embodiments of the present application provide an air conditioner, including an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, and a hot water generator, wherein the indoor unit includes an indoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor unit includes a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the air conditioner further includes a hot water switch and a first four-way valve, wherein the hot water switch includes a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface, and the first four-way valve includes an A port, B port, C port and D port; the first interface of the hot water switch is connected to the first end of the hot water generator, the second interface of the hot water switch is connected to the compressor The exhaust end is connected, and the third interface of the hot water switch is connected to the B port of the first four-way valve; the A port of the first four-way valve is connected to the first end of the indoor heat exchanger Connected, the B port of the first four-way valve is also connected to the second end of the hot water generator, and the C port of the first four-way valve is connected to the first end of the outdoor heat exchanger
  • the air conditioner further includes a separate hot water solenoid valve, the first end of the single hot water solenoid valve is connected to the B port of the first four-way valve and the hot water occurs On the pipeline connecting the second end of the heat exchanger, the second end of the separate hot water solenoid valve is connected to the pipeline connecting the second end of the indoor heat exchanger and the second end of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the air conditioner further includes a first one-way valve, an inlet of the first one-way valve is connected to a second end of the separate hot water solenoid valve, and the first one-way valve Is connected to the pipeline connecting the second end of the indoor heat exchanger and the second end of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the hot water switch includes a second four-way valve
  • the second four-way valve includes port A, port B, port C, and port D; A of the second four-way valve Port as the first port of the hot water switch, the port B of the second four-way valve as the second port of the hot water switch, and the port C of the second four-way valve as the For the third interface of the hot water switch, the D port of the second four-way valve is connected to the D port of the first four-way valve.
  • the air conditioner further includes a second one-way valve, the inlet of the second one-way valve is connected to the first interface of the hot water switch, and the second one-way valve The outlet is connected to the first end of the hot water generator.
  • the air conditioner further includes a third one-way valve, an inlet of the third one-way valve is connected to a third interface of the hot water switch, and the third one-way valve The outlet is connected to the B port of the first four-way valve.
  • the hot water switch includes a three-way valve, and the three-way valve includes port A, port B, and port C; port A of the three-way valve serves as the hot water switch The first port of the three-way valve is used as the second port of the hot water switch, and the port C of the three-way valve is used as the third port of the hot water switch.
  • the hot water switch includes a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve; the first end of the first solenoid valve serves as the first interface of the hot water switch; The second end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the first end of the second solenoid valve, and the common end of the two is used as the second interface of the hot water switch; the second end of the second solenoid valve As the third interface of the hot water switch.
  • the air conditioner includes multiple indoor units, and the multiple indoor units are connected in parallel with each other; or, the air conditioner includes one indoor unit.
  • the air conditioner further includes: a first shut-off valve connected between the second end of the indoor heat exchanger and the second end of the outdoor heat exchanger; connected to the first A second shut-off valve between the A port of a four-way valve and the first end of the indoor heat exchanger; connected to the B port of the first four-way valve and the second end of the hot water generator The third shut-off valve between; the fourth shut-off valve connected between the first interface of the hot water switch and the first end of the hot water generator.
  • Certain embodiments of the present application provide a method for controlling an air conditioner, which is applied to the air conditioner as provided in the first aspect.
  • the control method includes: when hot water is required, the first The interface is connected to the second interface to connect the hot water generator to the air conditioner; when hot water is not needed, connect the second and third interfaces of the hot water switch to make the hot water generator bypassed .
  • the situation in which hot water production is required includes a cycle process of cooling and hot water production at the same time.
  • the cycle process includes: connecting the first interface and the second interface of the hot water production switch to connect the first The ports B and C of the four-way valve are connected, and the ports A and D are connected, so that the hot water generator is connected in series with the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor, enters the hot water generator after passing the hot water switch, After releasing the heat, the refrigerant passes through the first four-way valve and enters the outdoor heat exchanger. After continuing to release the heat, it enters the indoor heat exchanger to absorb the heat and returns to the compressor after passing the first four-way valve.
  • the situation in which hot water production is required includes a cycle of heating and hot water production at the same time.
  • the cycle process includes: connecting the first interface and the second interface of the hot water A four-way valve is connected to port A and port B, port C and port D are connected, so that the hot water generator is connected in series with the indoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor, enters the hot water generator after passing the hot water switch After the refrigerant releases heat, it enters the indoor heat exchanger after passing through the first four-way valve. After continuing to release heat, it enters the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb heat, and returns to the compressor after passing through the first four-way valve.
  • the air conditioner further includes a separate hot water solenoid valve; the case where hot water is required includes a separate hot water circulation process, and the circulating process includes: One port is connected to the second port, port A and port B of the first four-way valve are connected, port C and port D are connected, the separate hot water solenoid valve is opened, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor and enters after passing the hot water switch
  • the hot water generator after the refrigerant releases the heat, enters the outdoor heat exchanger through a separate hot water solenoid valve, absorbs the heat, and returns to the compressor after passing through the first four-way valve.
  • the case where hot water production is not required includes a separate refrigeration cycle process, which includes: connecting the second port and the third port of the hot water switch to the first four-way valve The B and C ports are connected, and the A and D ports are connected, so that the hot water generator is bypassed, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor, enters the outdoor heat exchanger after passing the hot water switch, and enters the indoor after the refrigerant releases heat The heat exchanger, after absorbing heat, passes through the first four-way valve and returns to the compressor.
  • the cycle process includes: connecting the second interface and the third interface of the hot water switch, and connecting the first four-way The B and C ports of the valve are connected, and the A and D ports are connected, so that the hot water generator is bypassed, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor, enters the indoor heat exchanger after passing the hot water switch, and enters after the refrigerant releases heat The outdoor heat exchanger, after absorbing heat, returns to the compressor after passing through the first four-way valve.
  • the situation in which hot water production is not required includes a defrosting cycle process.
  • the cycle process includes: connecting the second interface and the third interface of the hot water production switch, after a set time, Connect the B and C ports of the first four-way valve, and the A and D ports, so that the hot water generator is bypassed, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor, and then passes through the hot water switch and the first four-way valve. After entering the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant releases heat and enters the indoor heat exchanger. At this time, the fan of the indoor unit does not rotate. After the refrigerant absorbs the heat, it returns to the compressor through the first four-way valve.
  • FIG. 1 is a basic structural diagram of an air conditioner provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a specific structural diagram of an air conditioner provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a specific structural diagram of an air conditioner provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a specific structural diagram of an air conditioner provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a hot water circulation cycle while an air conditioner provided in an embodiment of the present application is cooling;
  • FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a hot water circulation while the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the present application is heating;
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the present application in a separate refrigeration cycle
  • FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a single heating cycle of the air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of a defrosting cycle performed by an air conditioner provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of an air conditioner provided by an embodiment of the present application for performing a separate hot water circulation.
  • first and second are used for description purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • the multi-line air conditioner usually connects the water tank to be heated and the heat exchanger of the air conditioner in parallel, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor of the air conditioner is divided into two channels, which respectively flow through the water tank and the heat exchanger In order to achieve the functions of simultaneous hot water production by air conditioning and cooling, and hot water production by air conditioning and heating. Because the gaseous refrigerant is divided into two channels and flows through the water tank and the heat exchanger respectively, the pressure of the gaseous refrigerant flowing through the water tank is lower and the temperature is lower.
  • the heating of the water tank is mainly using phase change latent heat. Affected by the physical properties of the refrigerant, the heating effect of the phase change latent heat is limited, resulting in a low temperature of the domestic hot water produced by the multi-line air conditioning system connected in parallel.
  • an air conditioner provided in some embodiments of the present application includes an indoor unit 100, an outdoor unit 200, and a hot water generator 300, wherein the indoor unit 100 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger 101, and the outdoor unit 200 is provided with a compressor 201 and outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the air conditioner further includes a hot water switch 204 and a first four-way valve 203, wherein the hot water switch 204 includes a first port E, a second port F, and a third port G, and the first four-way valve 203 includes A Mouth, mouth B, mouth C and mouth D.
  • the first interface E of the hot water switch 204 is connected to the first end g of the hot water generator 300, and the second interface F of the hot water switch 204 is connected to the exhaust end f of the compressor 201 to switch hot water
  • the third port G of the device 204 is connected to the port B of the first four-way valve 203.
  • Port A of the first four-way valve 203 is connected to the first end a of the indoor heat exchanger 101, port B of the first four-way valve 203 is also connected to the second end h of the hot water generator 300, and the first four-way valve Port C of 203 is connected to the first end c of the outdoor heat exchanger 202, and port D of the first four-way valve 203 is connected to the suction end e of the compressor 201.
  • the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 is connected to the second end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the first four-way valve 203 and the hot water switch 204 control the switching connection of different pipes in the air conditioner.
  • the hot water making switch 204 is used to control the hot water generator 300 to be connected or bypassed in the air conditioner.
  • the hot water switch 204 has two states:
  • the first port E communicates with the second port F, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge end f of the compressor 201 can flow through the hot water generator 300 and its connecting pipeline, that is, hot water generation
  • the air conditioner 300 and its connecting pipeline are connected to the air conditioner.
  • the state where the first interface E and the second interface F of the hot water switch 204 are connected is defined as the on state of the hot water switch 204, and the second interface F of the hot water switch 204 and the The state where the third interface G is connected is defined as the closed state of the hot water switch 204.
  • the first four-way valve 203 functions to switch the indoor unit 100 to the cooling or heating operation state in the air conditioner.
  • the first four-way valve 203 has two states:
  • Port B communicates with port C, and port A communicates with port D.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge end f of the compressor 201 first flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and then flows through the indoor heat exchanger 101 At this time, the indoor unit 100 is in a cooling working state.
  • Port A communicates with port B, and port C communicates with port D.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge end f of the compressor 201 first flows through the indoor heat exchanger 101 and then flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 202 At this time, the indoor unit 100 is in the heating operation state.
  • the state where the ports B and C of the first four-way valve 203 are connected, and the port A and D are connected is defined as the closed state of the first four-way valve 203, and the port B of the first four-way valve 203 is connected to
  • the state where port A is in communication and port C and D are in communication is defined as the open state of the first four-way valve 203.
  • the above air conditioner can realize multiple functions of simultaneous hot water cooling, simultaneous hot water heating, separate cooling, separate heating and defrosting:
  • the hot water switch 204 When making hot water while cooling, the hot water switch 204 is switched to the open state, its first port E is connected to the second port F, the first four-way valve 203 is switched to the closed state, and its ports B and C are connected , Port A and port D communicate.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the exhaust end f of the compressor 201, flows in from the second interface F of the hot water switch 204 and discharges out of the first interface E, and then enters the hot water generator 300 and releases heat to achieve hot water production; Then the refrigerant flows out from the hot water generator 300, then flows in from the B port of the first four-way valve 203 and discharges out from the C port, and flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 202 to continue the heat release, and continues to flow through the indoor heat exchanger 101 and It absorbs heat to realize indoor cooling; finally, the refrigerant flows back to the compressor 201 to complete the cooling and hot water circulation at the same time.
  • the hot water switch 204 When heating water while heating, the hot water switch 204 is switched to the open state, its first port E is connected to the second port F, the first four-way valve 203 is switched to the open state, and its ports A and B Connected, port C and port D are connected.
  • the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, flows in from the second interface F of the hot water switch 204 and flows out of the first interface E, and then enters the hot water generator 300 and releases heat to realize hot water production; then the refrigerant occurs from the hot water
  • the heater 300 flows out, then flows in from the port B of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from the port A, flows through the indoor heat exchanger 101 to continue to radiate heat, and realize indoor heating; Finally, it flows back to the compressor 201 to complete the cycle of heating and hot water at the same time.
  • the hot water switch 204 When cooling alone, the hot water switch 204 switches to the closed state, its second port F communicates with the third port G, the first four-way valve 203 switches to the closed state, its ports A and D communicate, and port B Port C is connected.
  • the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, flows in from the second port F of the hot water switch 204 and flows out from the third port G, and then flows in from the port B of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from port C to enter outdoor heat exchange
  • the unit 202 releases heat, continues to flow through the indoor heat exchanger 101 and absorbs heat to achieve indoor cooling, and finally flows back to the compressor 201 to complete a single refrigeration cycle.
  • the hot water switch 204 When heating alone, the hot water switch 204 switches to the closed state, its first port E communicates with the second port F, the first four-way valve 203 switches to the open state, its port A communicates with port B, port C Connect with port D.
  • the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, flows in from the second port F of the hot water switch 204 and flows out of the third port G, and then flows in from the B port of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out of the A port to enter the indoor heat exchange
  • the unit 101 releases heat to achieve indoor heating, continues to flow through the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and absorbs heat, and finally flows back to the compressor 201 to complete a single heating cycle.
  • the hot water switch 204 When defrosting, the hot water switch 204 is switched to the closed state, its first port E is in communication with the second port F, the first four-way valve 203 is switched to the closed state, its port A and D are connected, and port B is Port C is connected.
  • the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, flows in from the second port F of the hot water switch 204 and discharges from the third port G, and then flows in from the port B of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from port C to enter outdoor heat exchange
  • the unit 202 releases heat and realizes defrosting. It continues to flow through the indoor heat exchanger 101 and absorbs heat. At this time, the fan of the indoor unit 100 does not rotate, and finally flows back to the compressor 201 to complete a defrosting cycle.
  • the second interface F and the third interface G of the hot water switch 204 are controlled to communicate (that is, the hot water switch 204 is switched to the on state), so that The hot water generator 300 and the heat exchanger of the air conditioner (and the indoor heat exchanger 101 or the outdoor heat exchanger 202) are connected in series.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, firstly releases heat through the hot water generator 300 to produce hot water, and then flows through the heat exchanger to cool or heat the air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner provided in the embodiment of the present application mainly uses the sensible heat of the refrigerant to heat the water in the hot water generator 300, so that the produced domestic hot water can reach a higher temperature, reducing or even not using other Energy (such as electrical energy) heating water greatly reduces the consumption of other energy sources used for auxiliary heating, and has the advantage of good energy saving effect.
  • Energy such as electrical energy
  • the above air conditioner can realize multiple functions such as simultaneous hot water cooling, simultaneous hot water heating, independent cooling, separate heating, and defrosting, thus achieving multiple functions in one machine.
  • the air conditioner may further include a separate hot water solenoid valve 401, the first end i of the separate hot water solenoid valve 401 is connected to the The port B of a four-way valve 203 is connected to the second end h of the hot water generator 300, and the second end j of the separately-made hot water solenoid valve 401 is connected to the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 and the outdoor The second end d of the heat exchanger 202 is connected to the pipeline.
  • a separate hot water solenoid valve 401 the first end i of the separate hot water solenoid valve 401 is connected to the The port B of a four-way valve 203 is connected to the second end h of the hot water generator 300, and the second end j of the separately-made hot water solenoid valve 401 is connected to the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 and the outdoor The second end d of the heat exchanger 202 is connected to the pipeline.
  • the separate hot water production solenoid valve 401 When separate hot water production is needed, the separate hot water production solenoid valve 401 is opened to allow the refrigerant flowing out of the hot water production switch 204 to flow through the pipeline where the separate hot water production solenoid valve 401 is located, and then directly to the outdoor heat exchange After passing through the first four-way valve 203, the compressor 202 returns to the compressor 201, so that the hot water solenoid valve 401 alone bypasses the indoor unit 100 (that is, the refrigerant does not flow through the indoor unit 100), so that the air conditioner can be separately prepared The function of hot water.
  • the air conditioner may further include a first check valve 402, an inlet m of the first check valve 402, and a third The two ends j are connected, and the outlet n of the first one-way valve 402 is connected to the pipeline connecting the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the first one-way valve 402 can prevent the refrigerant from flowing back to the individual hot water solenoid valve 401 and protect the individual hot water solenoid valve 401.
  • the hot water making switch 204 may have multiple implementation forms, and several possible implementation forms will be described below.
  • the hot water switch 204 of the above air conditioner may include a second four-way valve 206, and the second four-way valve 206 includes port A, port B, and port C.
  • Port D and Port A where Port A serves as the first interface E of the hot water switch 204, Port B serves as the second interface F of the hot water switch 240, and Port C serves as the third interface of the hot water switch 204 G.
  • the state where the ports B and C of the second four-way valve 206 communicate with each other and port A and D are defined as the closed state of the second four-way valve 206. In this state, the hot water generator 300 and its connecting pipeline It was bypassed from the air conditioner.
  • the state where the ports B and A of the second four-way valve 206 communicate with each other and port C and D are defined as the open state of the second four-way valve 206. In this state, the hot water generator 300 and its connecting pipeline Connected to the air conditioner.
  • the D port of the second four-way valve 206 is connected to the D port of the first four-way valve 203.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include a second one-way valve 210, and the inlet m of the second one-way valve 210 is connected to the first interface E of the hot water making switch 204.
  • the outlet n of the two check valves 210 is connected to the first end g of the hot water generator 300.
  • the second four-way valve 206 When the second four-way valve 206 is in the closed state (that is, the air conditioner has no hot water requirement), port B and port C of the second four-way valve 206 communicate with port A and D to close the second one-way valve 210 After the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 201 flows through the second four-way valve 206, the second one-way valve 210 can prevent the refrigerant from passing directly through the connecting line between the port B of the first four-way valve 203 and the hot water generator 300 Flows back to the suction end e of the compressor 201, thereby preventing the high and low pressure ends of the compressor 201 (that is, the exhaust end f and the suction end e) from colliding, ensuring that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 201 flows through the second four-way valve After 206, it flows into the first four-way valve 203 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and the indoor heat exchanger 101 for heat exchange, thereby ensuring that the cooling and heating functions of the
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include a third check valve 211, and the inlet m of the third check valve 211 is connected to the third interface G of the hot water making switch 204.
  • the outlet n of the three check valve 211 is connected to the port B of the first four-way valve 203.
  • the third one-way valve 211 is closed, and after the refrigerant flows through the hot water generator 300, the refrigerant can be prevented from flowing in from the port C of the second four-way valve 206 and flowing out from the port D, and then directly returned to the suction end e of the compressor 201 , So as to prevent the high and low pressure ends of the compressor 201 (that is, the exhaust end f and the suction end e) from colliding, to ensure that the refrigerant flows into the first four-way valve 203, and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and the indoor heat exchanger 101 for heat Exchange to ensure that the above air conditioner performs normal cooling and heating functions while making hot water.
  • the hot water making switch 204 may include a three-way valve 207, and the three-way valve 207 includes port A, port B, and port C.
  • Port A of the three-way valve 207 serves as the first port E of the hot water switch 204
  • port B of the three-way valve 207 serves as the second port F of the hot water switch 204
  • port C of the three-way valve 207 serves as the heating The third interface G of the water switch 204.
  • the hot water making switch 204 When port B and port A of the three-way valve 207 are in communication, the hot water making switch 204 is in an open state, and the hot water generator 300 and its connecting pipeline are connected to the air conditioner. When the ports B and C of the three-way valve 207 are connected, the hot water making switch 204 is in a closed state, and the hot water generator 300 and its connecting pipeline are bypassed from the air conditioner.
  • the hot water making switch 204 may also include a first solenoid valve 208 and a second solenoid valve 209.
  • the first end p of the first solenoid valve 208 serves as the first interface E of the hot water switch 204
  • the second end q of the first solenoid valve 208 is connected to the first end p of the second solenoid valve 209.
  • the common end serves as the second interface F of the hot water switch
  • the second end q of the second solenoid valve 209 serves as the third interface G of the hot water switch 204.
  • the hot water making switch 204 When the first solenoid valve 208 is opened and the second solenoid valve 209 is closed, the hot water making switch 204 is in an open state, and the hot water generator 300 and its connecting pipeline are connected to the air conditioner. When the first solenoid valve 208 is closed and the second solenoid valve 209 is opened, the hot water making switch 204 is in a closed state, and the hot water generator 300 and its connecting pipeline are bypassed from the air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner provided by the present application further includes an outdoor electronic throttle 205 and an indoor electronic throttle 102 disposed on the connecting pipeline between the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and the indoor heat exchanger 101 .
  • the outdoor electronic throttle 205 may be disposed near the second end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202; the indoor electronic throttle 102 may be disposed near the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101.
  • both the indoor electronic throttle and the outdoor electronic throttle can be electronic expansion valves.
  • Both the outdoor electronic throttle 205 and the indoor electronic throttle 102 have two working states:
  • Throttle state at this time it plays a role of throttle and decompression of the refrigerant flowing in the air conditioner pipeline, when high-pressure refrigerant flows through the throttle outdoor electronic throttle 205 or indoor electronic throttle 102 Becomes a low-pressure refrigerant.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include an exhaust check valve 212 disposed at the exhaust end f of the compressor 201 In the pipeline, the inlet is connected to the exhaust end f of the compressor 201, and the outlet is connected to the second interface F of the hot water switch 204.
  • closing the exhaust check valve 212 can maintain the pressure difference between the high and low pressure lines of the air conditioner, so that the air conditioner can be turned on next time.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include an oil separator 217 disposed on the pipeline where the exhaust end f of the compressor 201 is located, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows from the compressor When the exhaust end f of 201 is discharged, the refrigerant oil of the compressor may be carried.
  • the oil separator 217 can be used to separate the refrigerant oil mixed in the refrigerant. It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present application, the oil separator 217 may not be provided in the above air conditioner.
  • an oil return circuit may also be provided between the oil separator 217 and the suction end e of the compressor 201.
  • the oil return circuit is provided with an oil return solenoid valve 215 and an oil return capillary 216. Those are connected in series.
  • the oil return circuit is used to recover the refrigerant oil of the compressor separated by the oil separator 217 from the suction end e of the compressor 201 to the compressor 201.
  • the oil return circuit is not provided in the air conditioner.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include a gas-liquid separator 218 disposed on the pipeline where the suction end e of the compressor 201 is located, for The liquid carried in the recirculated refrigerant is separated to ensure that the refrigerant returned to the compressor 201 is in a gaseous state to protect the compressor 201.
  • the air-liquid separator 218 may not be required in the air conditioner.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include one of a high-pressure pipe where the exhaust end f of the compressor 201 is located and a low-pressure pipe where the suction end e is located Bypass circuit between high and low pressure.
  • a high-low pressure bypass circuit is connected between the oil separator 217 and the exhaust check valve 212 of the high-pressure line, and the other end is connected to the gas-liquid separator 218 of the low-pressure line and the first four-way Between the D port of the valve 203.
  • the high and low pressure bypass circuit is provided with a bypass solenoid valve 213 and a bypass capillary 214.
  • Opening the bypass solenoid valve 213 can reduce the starting pressure difference of the compressor 201.
  • the bypass solenoid valve 213 can be opened to adjust the pressure of the discharge end f and the suction end e of the compressor 201. Maintain the high and low pressure of the air conditioner within the normal range.
  • the above-mentioned air conditioner may not need to provide a high-low pressure bypass circuit.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include a high-pressure sensor 219 disposed on the pipeline where the discharge end f of the compressor 201 is located, the high-pressure sensor 219 is used for monitoring The pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 201.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include a low-pressure sensor 220 provided on the pipeline where the exhaust end f of the compressor 201 is located, and the low-pressure sensor 220 is used for monitoring The pressure of the low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant sucked by the compressor 201.
  • the above air conditioner may not need to be provided with a high-pressure sensor 219 and / or a low-pressure sensor 220.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the above air conditioner may further include a defrost sensor 222 provided on the outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the defrost sensor 221 can sense the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 202, so that the outdoor heat exchanger 202 can be monitored. In the case of frost, when the frost layer on the outdoor heat exchanger 202 is too thick, the user is promptly warned or enters the defrosting mode to remove the frost, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the air conditioner.
  • the outdoor unit 200 of the air conditioner may further include an outdoor temperature sensor 223 disposed on the outdoor heat exchanger 202, and the outdoor temperature sensor 223 can detect the outdoor temperature .
  • the air conditioner may further include:
  • a first shut-off valve 403 connected between the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 and the second end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 is a liquid-side shut-off valve. During installation, the first shut-off valve 403 functions to connect the liquid pipe of the indoor unit 100.
  • the air conditioner may further include:
  • the second shut-off valve 404 connected to the port A of the first four-way valve 203 and the first end a of the indoor heat exchanger 101 is a gas-side shut-off valve. During installation, the second shut-off valve 404 functions to connect the air pipe of the indoor unit 100.
  • the air conditioner may further include:
  • a third shut-off valve 405 connected between the port B of the first four-way valve 203 and the second end h of the hot water generator 300 is a gas-side shut-off valve.
  • the third shut-off valve 405 and the fourth shut-off valve 406 function as refrigerant lines connected to the hot water generator 300.
  • shut-off valves are normally open.
  • the second four-way valve 206 is switched to the open state, and its ports A and B are connected, and ports C and D are connected;
  • the four-way valve 203 is switched to the closed state, and ports B and C are connected, and ports A and D are connected;
  • the hot water solenoid valve 401 is closed separately.
  • the outdoor electronic throttle 205 is in an unthrottled state.
  • the indoor electronic throttle 102 is in a throttle state, and the opening degree is used to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant in each indoor heat exchanger.
  • the high and low pressure bypass valve 213 is in a closed state, and the oil return solenoid valve 215 is in an open state.
  • the specific circulation process is as follows:
  • the compressor 201 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows out of the discharge end f of the compressor 201, flows through the oil separator 217, and then flows to the second four-way valve 206, and the second four-way valve
  • the port B of the valve 206 flows in and out from the port A and flows to the hot water generator 300.
  • the refrigerant flows into the hot water generator 300 from the first end g of the hot water generator 300, exchanges heat with the water in the hot water generator 300 and releases heat, and then turns into a low-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant or a low-temperature and high-pressure gas liquid Two-phase co-existing refrigerant, to achieve hot water production. Then the refrigerant flows out from the second end h of the hot water generator 300 and flows to the first four-way valve 203, flows in from the port B of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from the port C and flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 202 from the first end c of the outdoor heat exchanger 202, continues to release heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and liquefies into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and from the first end of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 d flows out, flows through the outdoor electronic throttle 205 in a fully open state, and then flows to the indoor unit 100.
  • the refrigerant After throttling and depressurizing through the indoor electronic throttle 102 in a throttled state, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 101 from the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 to exchange heat in the room
  • the device 101 absorbs heat and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, thereby achieving indoor cooling.
  • the pressure measured at the inlet of the check valve 211 is less than the pressure on the outlet side, causing the check valve to shut off.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the first end a of the indoor heat exchanger 101 and flows to the first four-way valve 203, flows in from the A port of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from the D port, flows through the gas-liquid separator 218, and finally The suction end e of the compressor 201 flows back to the compressor 201, completing one cycle.
  • the second four-way valve 206 is switched to the open state, and the ports A and B are connected, and the ports C and D are connected;
  • the first four-way valve 203 is switched to the open state, and the ports A and B are connected, and the ports C and D are connected;
  • the single hot water solenoid valve 401 is switched to the closed state.
  • the outdoor electronic throttle 205 is in a throttle state.
  • the indoor electronic throttle 102 is in an unthrottled state, and the opening degree is used to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant in each indoor heat exchanger.
  • the high and low pressure bypass valve 213 is in a closed state, and the oil return solenoid valve 215 is in an open state.
  • the specific circulation process is as follows:
  • the compressor 201 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows out of the discharge end f of the compressor 201, flows through the oil separator 217, and then flows to the second four-way valve 206, and the second four-way valve
  • the port B of the valve 206 flows in and out from the port A and flows to the hot water generator 300.
  • the refrigerant flows into the hot water generator 300 from the first end g of the hot water generator 300, exchanges heat with the water in the hot water generator 300 and releases heat, and turns into a low-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, or a low-temperature and high-pressure gas-liquid Phase coexisting refrigerant, thereby making hot water. Then, it flows out from the second end h of the hot water generator 300 and flows to the first four-way valve 203, flows in from the port B of the first four-way valve 203, flows out from the port A, and flows to the indoor unit 100.
  • the refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 101 from the first end a of the indoor heat exchanger 101, and continues to radiate heat in the indoor heat exchanger 101 and liquefy into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, thereby realizing indoor heating.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101, flows through the indoor electronic throttle 102 in the fully open state, and then flows to the outdoor unit 200.
  • the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 202 from the second end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 to exchange heat outdoors
  • the heat absorber 202 vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, flows out from the first end c of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and flows to the first four-way valve 203, flows in from the C port of the first four-way valve 203, and flows from the D port It flows out, flows through the gas-liquid separator 218, and finally flows back to the compressor 201 from the suction end e of the compressor 201, where it is compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant to complete a cycle.
  • the pressure measured at the inlet of the check valve 211 is less than the pressure on the outlet side, causing the check valve to shut off.
  • the second four-way valve 206 is switched to the closed state, and its ports A and D are connected, and ports B and C are connected; the first four-way valve is connected 203 is switched to the closed state, and ports B and C are connected, and ports A and D are connected; the single hot water solenoid valve 401 is switched to the closed state.
  • the outdoor electronic throttle 205 is in an unthrottled state.
  • the indoor electronic throttle 102 is in a throttle state, and the opening degree is used to regulate the flow rate of refrigerant in each indoor heat exchanger.
  • the high and low pressure bypass valve 213 is in a closed state, and the oil return solenoid valve 215 is in an open state.
  • the specific circulation process is as follows:
  • the compressor 201 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows out of the discharge end f of the compressor 201, flows through the oil separator 217, and then flows to the second four-way valve 206, and the second four-way valve
  • the port B of the valve 206 flows in and out from the port C and flows to the first four-way valve 203, and then flows in from the port B of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from the port C to the outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 202 from the first end c of the outdoor heat exchanger 202, radiates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and liquefies into a low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and from the first end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 It flows out, flows through the outdoor electronic throttle 205 in a fully open state, and then flows to the indoor unit 100.
  • the refrigerant After throttling and depressurizing through the indoor electronic throttle 102 in a throttled state, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 101 from the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 to exchange heat in the room
  • the device 101 absorbs heat and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, thereby achieving indoor cooling.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the first end a of the indoor heat exchanger 101 and flows to the first four-way valve 203, flows in from the A port of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from the D port, flows through the gas-liquid separator 218, and finally from the compression
  • the suction end e of the machine 201 flows back to the compressor 201, and is recompressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant to complete a cycle.
  • the second four-way valve 206 is switched to the closed state, and the ports A and D are connected, and the ports B and C are connected; connect the first four-way valve
  • the valve 203 is switched to the open state, and the ports A and B are connected, and the ports C and D are connected; the single hot water solenoid valve 401 is switched to the closed state.
  • the outdoor electronic throttle 205 is in a throttle state.
  • the indoor electronic throttle 102 is in an unthrottled state, and the opening degree is used to regulate the flow rate of refrigerant in each indoor heat exchanger.
  • the high and low pressure bypass valve 213 is in a closed state, and the oil return solenoid valve 215 is in an open state.
  • the specific circulation process is as follows:
  • the compressor 201 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows out of the discharge end f of the compressor 201, flows through the oil separator 217, and then flows to the second four-way valve 206.
  • the port B of the valve 206 flows in and out from port C and flows to the first four-way valve 203, and then flows in from port B of the first four-way valve 203 and discharges from port A to the indoor unit 100.
  • the refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 101 from the first end a of the indoor heat exchanger 101, and continues to radiate heat in the indoor heat exchanger 101 and liquefy into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, thereby realizing indoor heating.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101, flows through the indoor electronic throttle 102 in the fully open state, and then flows to the outdoor unit 200.
  • the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 202 from the second end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 to exchange heat outdoors
  • the heat absorber 202 vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, flows out from the first end c of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and flows to the first four-way valve 203, flows in from the C port of the first four-way valve 203, and flows from the D port It flows out, flows through the gas-liquid separator 218, and finally flows back to the compressor 201 from the suction end e of the compressor 201, where it is compressed again into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant to complete a cycle.
  • the second four-way valve 206 is switched to the closed state, and its ports A and D are connected, and ports B and C are connected; the first four-way valve is connected 203 is switched to the closed state, and ports B and C are connected, and ports A and D are connected; the single hot water solenoid valve 401 is switched to the closed state.
  • the outdoor electronic throttle 205 is in an unthrottled state.
  • the indoor electronic throttle 102 is in a throttle state, and the opening degree is used to regulate the flow rate of refrigerant in each indoor heat exchanger.
  • the high and low pressure bypass valve 213 is in a closed state, and the oil return solenoid valve 215 is in an open state.
  • the second four-way valve 206 is switched to the closed state to make the second four-way valve Port A and port D of 206 are connected, and port B and port C are connected.
  • the first four-way valve 203 is switched to the closed state to make port B and port C communicate, and port A and port D communicate.
  • the purpose of this operation is to prevent the liquid refrigerant from flowing into the first four-way valve 203 from the B port of the first four-way valve 203 and damaging the first four-way valve 203, and to ensure that the refrigerants flowing into the first four-way valve 203 are all gaseous refrigerants .
  • first four-way valve 203 and the second four-way valve 206 are closed at the same time, there may be liquid refrigerant flowing into the first four-way valve 203 in the pipeline; and if the second four-way valve 206 is closed first, wait for the setting After the first four-way valve 203 is closed, it can ensure that the refrigerant entering the first four-way valve 203 is the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the discharge end f of the compressor 201, so this operation can protect the first The role of the four-way valve 203.
  • the above “set time” may be 15s-25s; further, the above “set time” may be 20s.
  • the compressor 201 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows out of the discharge end f of the compressor 201, flows through the oil separator 217, and then flows to the second four-way valve 206, and the second four-way valve
  • the second port B of the valve 206 flows in and out from port C and flows to the first four-way valve 203, and then flows in from port B of the first four-way valve 203 and discharges from port C to the outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 202 from the first end c of the outdoor heat exchanger 202, radiates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and liquefies into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and defrosts the outdoor unit.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the first end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202, flows through the outdoor electronic throttle 205 in a fully open state, and then flows to the indoor unit 100.
  • the refrigerant After throttling and depressurizing through the indoor electronic throttle 102 in the throttle state, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant (supercooled liquid), and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 101 from the second end b of the indoor heat exchanger 101 In the indoor heat exchanger 101, it absorbs heat and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. It should be noted that, in the defrosting state, the fan of the indoor unit 100 does not rotate to avoid cooling the room.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the first end a of the indoor heat exchanger 101 and flows to the first four-way valve 203, flows in from port A and flows out from port D, flows through the gas-liquid separator 218, and finally from the suction end of the compressor 201 e flows back to the compressor 201, and is recompressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant to complete a cycle.
  • the second four-way valve 206 is switched to the open state, and its ports A and B are connected, and ports C and D are connected; the first four The port valve 203 is switched to the open state, and the ports A and B are connected, and the ports C and D are connected; the single hot water solenoid valve 401 is switched to the open state.
  • the outdoor electronic throttle 205 is in a throttle state, the indoor electronic throttle 102 is in a small opening state close to fully closed, the high and low pressure bypass valve 213 is in a closed state, and the oil return solenoid valve 215 is in an open state.
  • the specific circulation process is as follows:
  • the compressor 201 compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows out of the discharge end f of the compressor 201, flows through the oil separator 217, and then flows to the second four-way valve 206, and the second four-way valve
  • the port B of the valve 206 flows in and out from the port A and flows to the hot water generator 300.
  • the refrigerant flows into the hot water generator 300 from the first end g of the hot water generator 300, exchanges heat with the water in the hot water generator 300 and releases heat, and becomes a low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, thereby realizing hot water production. Then, the refrigerant flows out from the second end h of the hot water generator 300 and flows to the individual hot water solenoid valve 401 in the open state, flows in from the inlet i of the individual hot water solenoid valve 401, and flows out from the outlet j and flows to the outdoor unit 200 .
  • the refrigerant After throttling and depressurizing through the outdoor electronic throttle 205 in the throttle state, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 202. It flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 202 from the second end d of the outdoor heat exchanger 202, absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and vaporizes into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, flows out from the first end c of the outdoor heat exchanger 202 and flows toward The first four-way valve 203.
  • the refrigerant flows in from the C port of the first four-way valve 203 and flows out from the D port, flows through the gas-liquid separator 218, and finally flows back to the compressor 201 from the suction end e of the compressor 201, and is compressed again to high temperature and high pressure. Gaseous refrigerant, complete a cycle.
  • the electronic throttle is in a throttle state.
  • the electronic throttle is an electronic expansion valve
  • the electronic expansion valve is in a relatively small opening state.
  • the electronic throttle is in an unthrottled state.
  • the electronic throttle is an electronic expansion valve
  • the electronic expansion valve is in a relatively large or fully open state.
  • the number of indoor heat exchangers 101 is not unique.
  • the air conditioner may include multiple indoor heat exchangers 101, and the multiple indoor heat exchangers 101 are connected in parallel with each other.
  • An indoor unit 100 includes an indoor heat exchanger 101.
  • the air conditioner includes multiple indoor heat exchangers 101 connected in parallel, it is equivalent to the air conditioner including multiple indoor units 100 connected in parallel, that is, the air conditioner
  • One outdoor unit 200 drives multiple indoor units 100, which is called an air-conditioning system with multiple tractors.
  • the above air conditioner may include only one indoor heat exchanger 101.
  • An indoor unit 100 includes an indoor heat exchanger 101, that is, the above air conditioner includes only one indoor unit 100, that is, the above air conditioner is driven by one outdoor unit 200 to one indoor unit 100, which is called a one-for-one Air Conditioning System.
  • the indoor unit has a small capacity to start up during cooling, and the amount of refrigerant participating in the cycle is small.
  • the hot water generator is connected in parallel with the outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant is divided into two channels.
  • the liquid refrigerant flow is small, resulting in insufficient circulation of refrigerant in the hot water generator, so the hot water generator is used for heat recovery
  • the amount of refrigerant used to make hot water is low, and the pressure is low, resulting in a poor effect of using heat recovery to make hot water, and even unable to make hot water.
  • the hot water generator 300 since the hot water generator 300 is connected in series with the heat exchanger (and the indoor heat exchanger 101 or the outdoor heat exchanger 202), the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor First, it flows through the hot water generator 300 for heat recovery to produce hot water, and the pressure of the refrigerant is also high.
  • the main purpose is to use the sensible heat of the refrigerant to achieve heat recovery to produce hot water. Even if it is used in a one-for-one air conditioning system, hot water The water in the generator 300 can also reach a higher temperature, so that heat recovery can be effectively achieved.
  • the hot water generator 300 is provided with a hot water generator heat exchanger 301, and the hot water generator heat exchanger 301 is used to flow through Its own refrigerant exchanges heat to heat water.
  • the hot water generator heat exchanger 301 may use an outer disk copper tube, an outer disk microchannel heat exchanger, or an inner copper tube.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a control method of an air conditioner, which is applied to the above air conditioner.
  • the control method includes the following processes:
  • the first interface E and the second interface F of the hot water switch 204 are connected to connect the hot water generator to the air conditioner, and the compressor
  • the refrigerant discharged from 201 flows through the hot water generator 300 and performs heat exchange (heat release) on the water in the hot water generator 300 to produce hot water, and then flows into the heat exchanger of the air conditioner connected in series.
  • the second interface F and the third interface G of the hot water switch 204 are connected, so that the hot water generator is bypassed by the compressor 201
  • the discharged refrigerant will no longer flow through the hot water generator 300, but flows into the first four-way valve 203 and then directly flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 202 or the indoor heat exchanger 101.
  • control method of the above air conditioner has the same advantages as the above air conditioner, and will not be repeated here.
  • the above-mentioned situation in which hot water production is required may include a cycle process of cooling and hot water production at the same time.
  • the cycle process includes: connecting the first interface E and The two ports F are connected, and the ports B and C of the first four-way valve 203 are connected, and the ports A and D are connected, so that the hot water generator 300 is connected in series with the outdoor heat exchanger 202, and the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201 through After the hot water switch 204 enters the hot water generator 300, the refrigerant releases heat, passes through the first four-way valve 203, enters the outdoor heat exchanger 202, and continues to release heat, enters the indoor heat exchanger 101 to absorb heat, and passes through the first A four-way valve 203 returns to the compressor 201.
  • the specific cycle process please refer to the above description of the cycle process of simultaneous cooling and hot water generation in the air conditioner.
  • the above-mentioned situation in which hot water production is required may include a circulation process of heating and hot water production at the same time.
  • the circulation process includes: connecting the first interface E of the hot water production switch 204 and The second port F is connected, and the ports A and B of the first four-way valve are connected, and the ports C and D are connected, so that the hot water generator 300 is connected in series with the indoor heat exchanger 101, and the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201 through The hot water switch 204 enters the hot water generator 300. After the refrigerant releases heat, it passes through the first four-way valve 203 and enters the indoor heat exchanger 101.
  • a separate hot water solenoid valve 401 is added to the air conditioner.
  • the above-mentioned situation requiring hot water production includes a separate hot water circulation process, which includes: connecting the first port E and the second port F of the hot water switch 204, and the A port of the first four-way valve 203 and Port B is connected, port C and port D are connected, the separate hot water solenoid valve 401 is opened, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, enters the hot water generator 300 after passing through the hot water switch 204, and the refrigerant releases the heat through the separate system
  • the hot water solenoid valve 401 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 202, absorbs heat, passes through the first four-way valve 203, and returns to the compressor 201.
  • For the specific circulation process please refer to the relevant description of the circulation process of individual hot water production in the air conditioner above.
  • the above case where hot water production is not required may include a separate refrigeration cycle process, which includes: the second interface F and the third interface G of the hot water production switch 204 Connect, connect port B and port C of the first four-way valve 203, port A and port D, so that the hot water generator 300 is bypassed, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, enters after passing through the hot water switch 204
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 202 after releasing heat from the refrigerant, enters the indoor heat exchanger 101, absorbs the heat, passes through the first four-way valve 203, and returns to the compressor 201.
  • For the specific circulation process please refer to the above description of the individual refrigeration cycle process in the air conditioner.
  • the above case where hot water is not required may include a separate heating cycle process
  • the cycle process includes: the second interface F and the third interface of the hot water switch 204 G communicates, connecting ports B and C of the first four-way valve 203, and ports A and D, so that the hot water generator 300 is bypassed, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, and passes through the hot water switch 204 After entering the indoor heat exchanger 101, the refrigerant releases heat, enters the outdoor heat exchanger 202, absorbs the heat, passes through the first four-way valve 203, and returns to the compressor 201.
  • the specific cycle process please refer to the relevant description of the cycle process of individual heating in the air conditioner above.
  • the above case where hot water production is not required may include a defrosting cycle process, which includes: connecting the second interface F and the third interface G of the hot water production switch 204 Connect, after a set time (for example, 20s), connect the B and C ports of the first four-way valve 203, and the A and D ports to prevent the liquid refrigerant from flowing into the first four-way valve 203 and damaging the first four ⁇ ⁇ 203.
  • a set time for example, 20s
  • the hot water generator 300 is bypassed, the refrigerant flows out of the compressor 201, passes through the hot water making switch 204 and the first four-way valve 203 in sequence, and then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 202.
  • the fan of the indoor unit 100 After the refrigerant releases heat, it enters the room In the heat exchanger 101, the fan of the indoor unit 100 does not rotate at this time to avoid cooling the room. After the refrigerant absorbs heat, it passes through the first four-way valve 203 and returns to the compressor 201.
  • the specific cycle process please refer to the above description of the defrost cycle process in the air conditioner.
  • the first interface and the second interface of the hot water production switch are controlled to communicate so that the hot water generator is in the compressor
  • the hot water generator and the heat exchanger are connected in series. In this way, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows out of the compressor, firstly releases heat through the hot water generator to produce hot water, and then flows through the heat exchanger to cool or heat the air conditioner.
  • the sensible heat of the gaseous refrigerant is used to heat the water in the hot water generator, so the domestic hot water produced can reach a higher temperature, It reduces or even eliminates the need to use other energy sources (such as electrical energy) to heat water, thus greatly reducing the consumption of other energy sources used for auxiliary heating, and has the advantage of good energy saving effect.
  • the above air conditioner when the above air conditioner needs hot water production, it connects the first port and the second port of the hot water switch to connect the hot water generator to the circulation system: connect the B port and C port of the first four-way valve Port connection, port A and D port connection, can achieve simultaneous cooling of hot water; the first four-way valve A port and B port, C port and D port connection, can achieve simultaneous heating of hot water.
  • connect the second and third ports of the hot water switch to bypass the hot water generator connect ports B and C, and ports A and D to achieve separate Refrigeration; connect B and A, C and D to achieve separate heating; connect B and C, A and D, and make the fan of the indoor unit not rotate, can be eliminated Frost. It can be seen that the air conditioner and the control method provided by the present application can realize the above-mentioned multiple functions, so as to realize multiple functions of one machine.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一空调机，包括制热水切换器和第一四通阀，制热水切换器包括第一接口、第二接口和第三接口，第一四通阀包括A口、B口、C口和D口；第一接口与热水发生器第一端相连，第二接口与压缩机排气端相连，第三接口与B口相连；A口与室内换热器第一端相连，B口与热水发生器第二端相连，C口与室外换热器第一端相连。

Description

空调机及其控制方法
本申请要求在2018年10月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811287810.4、发明名称为“空调循环***及其控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及空调技术领域，尤其涉及一种空调机及其控制方法。
背景技术
随着人们对节能、室内装修配合等方面的需求的进一步提升，多联机的空调***逐渐进入人们的生活，这种多联机的空调***不仅可以满足日常的制冷、制热需求，还可以利用热回收等技术，在不消耗额外能源的情况下制取生活热水，提高能源利用率。
发明内容
本申请的某些实施例提供了一种空调机，包括室内机、室外机及热水发生器，其中室内机包括室内换热器，所述室外机包括压缩机和室外换热器。所述空调机还包括制热水切换器和第一四通阀，其中所述制热水切换器包括第一接口、第二接口和第三接口，所述第一四通阀包括A口、B口、C口和D口；所述制热水切换器的第一接口与所述热水发生器的第一端相连，所述制热水切换器的第二接口与所述压缩机的排气端相连，所述制热水切换器的第三接口与所述第一四通阀的B口相连；所述第一四通阀的A 口与所述室内换热器的第一端相连，所述第一四通阀的B口还与所述热水发生器的第二端相连，所述第一四通阀的C口与所述室外换热器的第一端相连，所述第一四通阀的D口与所述压缩机的吸气端相连；所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器的第二端相连。
在某些实施例中，所述空调机还包括单独制热水电磁阀，所述单独制热水电磁阀的第一端连接至所述第一四通阀的B口与所述热水发生器的第二端相连的管路上，所述单独制热水电磁阀的第二端连接至所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器的第二端相连的管路上。
在某些实施例中，所述空调机还包括第一单向阀，所述第一单向阀的入口与所述单独制热水电磁阀的第二端相连，所述第一单向阀的出口连接至所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器的第二端相连的管路上。
在某些实施例中，所述制热水切换器包括第二四通阀，所述第二四通阀包括A口、B口、C口和D口；所述第二四通阀的A口作为所述制热水切换器的第一接口，所述第二四通阀的B口作为所述制热水切换器的第二接口，所述第二四通阀的C口作为所述制热水切换器的第三接口，所述第二四通阀的D口与所述第一四通阀的D口相连。
在某些实施例中，所述空调机还包括第二单向阀，所述第二单向阀的入口与所述制热水切换器的第一接口相连，所述第二单向阀的出口与所述热水发生器的第一端相连。
在某些实施例中，所述空调机还包括第三单向阀，所述第三单向阀的入口与所述制热水切换器的第三接口相连，所述第三单向阀的出口与所述第一四通阀的B口相连。
在某些实施例中，所述制热水切换器包括三通阀，所述三通阀包括A口、B口和C口；所述三通阀的A口作为所述制热水切换器的第一接口，所述三通阀的B口作为所述制热水切换器的第二接口，所述三通阀的C口作为所述制热水切换器的第三接口。
在某些实施例中，所述制热水切换器包括第一电磁阀和第二电磁阀；所述第一电磁阀的第一端作为所述制热水切换器的第一接口；所述第一电磁阀的第二端与所述第二电磁阀的第一端相连，二者相连的公共端作为所述制热水切换器的第二接口；所述第二电磁阀的第二端作为所述制热水切换器的第三接口。
在某些实施例中，所述空调机包括多台室内机，所述多台室内机相互并联；或者，所述空调机包括一台室内机。
在某些实施例中，所述空调机还包括：连接于所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器的第二端之间的第一截止阀；连接于所述第一四通阀的A口与所述室内换热器的第一端之间的第二截止阀；连接于所述第一四通阀的B口与所述热水发生器的第二端之间的第三截止阀；连接于所述制热水切换器的第一接口与所述热水发生器的第一端之间的第四截止阀。
本申请某些实施例提供了一种空调机的控制方法，应用于如第一方面所提供的空调机，所述控制方法包括：在需要制热水时，将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，使热水发生器接入空调机中；在不需要制热水时，将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，使热水发生器被旁通。
在某些实施例中，所述需要制热水的情况包括制冷的同时制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通， 将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器与室外换热器相串联，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入热水发生器，冷媒放出热量后，通过第一四通阀后进入室外换热器，继续放出热量后，进入室内换热器吸收热量，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
在某些实施例中，所述需要制热水的情况包括制热的同时制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，将第一四通阀的A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通，使热水发生器与室内换热器相串联，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入热水发生器，冷媒放出热量后，通过第一四通阀后进入室内换热器，继续放出热量后，进入室外换热器吸收热量，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
在某些实施例中，所述空调机还包括单独制热水电磁阀；所述需要制热水的情况包括单独制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，第一四通阀的A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通，单独制热水电磁阀打开，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入热水发生器，冷媒放出热量后，通过单独制热水电磁阀后进入室外换热器，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
在某些实施例中，所述不需要制热水的情况包括单独制冷的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器被旁通，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入室外换热器，冷媒放出热量后，进入室内换热器，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
在某些实施例中，所述不需要制热水的情况包括单独制热的循环过程， 该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器被旁通，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入室内换热器，冷媒放出热量后，进入室外换热器，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
在某些实施例中，所述不需要制热水的情况包括除霜的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，经过设定时间后，将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器被旁通，冷媒由压缩机流出，依次通过制热水切换器和第一四通阀后，进入室外换热器，冷媒放出热量后，进入室内换热器，此时室内机的风机不转动，冷媒吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些实施例获得其他的实施例。
图1为本申请实施例所提供的空调机的基本结构图；
图2为本申请实施例所提供的空调机的一种具体结构图；
图3为本申请实施例所提供的空调机的一种具体结构图；
图4为本申请实施例所提供的空调机的一种具体结构图；
图5为本申请实施例所提供的空调机进行制冷的同时制热水循环的流 向图；
图6为本申请实施例所提供的空调机进行制热的同时制热水循环的流向图；
图7为本申请实施例所提供的空调机进行单独制冷循环的流向图；
图8为本申请实施例所提供的空调机进行单独制热循环的流向图；
图9为本申请实施例所提供的空调机进行除霜循环的流向图；
图10为本申请实施例所提供的空调机进行单独制热水循环的流向图。
附图标记说明：
100-室内机；                  101-室内机换热器；
102-室内电子节流器；          200-室外机；
201-压缩机；                  202-室外换热器；
203-第一四通阀；              204-制热水切换器；
205-室外电子节流器；          206-第二四通阀；
207-三通阀；                  208-第一电磁阀；
209-第二电磁阀；              210-第二单向阀；
211-第三单向阀；              212-排气单向阀；
213-旁通电磁阀；              214-旁通毛细管；
215-回油电磁阀；              216-回油毛细管；
217-油分离器；                218-气液分离器；
219-高压传感器；              220-低压传感器；
221-排气温度传感器；          222-除霜传感器；
223-室外温度传感器；          300-热水发生器；
301-热水发生器换热器；       401-单独制热水电磁阀；
402-第一单向阀；             403-第一截止阀；
404-第二截止阀；             405-第三截止阀；
406-第四截止阀。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在某些实施例中多联机的空调机通常将需要加热的水箱与空调的换热器并联连接，从空调的压缩机排出的高温高压的气态冷媒分为两路分别流经水箱与换热器，从而实现空调制冷的同时制热水，空调制热的同时制热水等功能。由于气态冷媒分为两路分别流经水箱与换热器，致使流经水箱的气态冷媒的压强较低，温度较低，其对水箱的加热主要是利用相变潜热进行加热。受冷媒的物理性质的影响，其相变潜热的加热效果有限，致使采用上述并联连接的多联机的空调***制取的生活热水水温较低。
参见图1，本申请某些实施例中提供的空调机，包括室内机100、室外机200及热水发生器300，其中室内机100设置有室内换热器101，室外机200设置有压缩机201和室外换热器202。
该空调机还包括制热水切换器204和第一四通阀203，其中制热水切换器204包括第一接口E、第二接口F和第三接口G，第一四通阀203包括A口、B口、C口和D口。
制热水切换器204的第一接口E与热水发生器300的第一端g相连，制热水切换器204的第二接口F与压缩机201的排气端f相连，制热水切换器204的第三接口G与第一四通阀203的B口相连。
第一四通阀203的A口与室内换热器101的第一端a相连，第一四通阀203的B口还与热水发生器300的第二端h相连，第一四通阀203的C口与室外换热器202的第一端c相连，第一四通阀203的D口与压缩机201的吸气端e相连。
室内换热器101的第二端b与室外换热器202的第二端d相连。
本申请实施例所提供的空调机中，通过第一四通阀203和制热水切换器204控制上述空调机内的不同管路的切换连接。
其中，制热水切换器204用于控制热水发生器300在该空调机中接入或旁通的作用。制热水切换器204有两种状态：
(1)第一接口E与第二接口F连通，这样，从压缩机201的排气端f排出的高温高压的冷媒可流经热水发生器300及其连接管路，也即热水发生器300及其连接管路被接入空调机中。
(2)第二接口F和第三接口G连通，这样，从压缩机201的排气端 f排出的高温高压的冷媒将不会流经热水发生器300及其连接管路，也即热水发生器300及其连接管路被旁通。
为了方便描述，以下将制热水切换器204的第一接口E与第二接口F连通的状态定义为制热水切换器204的开启状态，将制热水切换器204的第二接口F和第三接口G连通的状态定义为制热水切换器204的关闭状态。
第一四通阀203在上述空调机中起到切换室内机100为制冷或制热工作状态的作用。第一四通阀203有两种状态：
(1)B口与C口连通、A口与D口连通，这样，从压缩机201的排气端f排出的高温高压冷媒先流经室外换热器202，后流经室内换热器101，此时室内机100处于制冷的工作状态。
(2)A口与B口连通、C口与D口连通，这样，从压缩机201的排气端f排出的高温高压冷媒先流经室内换热器101，后流经室外换热器202，此时室内机100处于制热的工作状态。
为了方便描述，将第一四通阀203的B口与C口连通、A口与D口连通的状态定义为第一四通阀203的关闭状态，将第一四通阀203的B口与A口连通、C口与D口连通的状态定义为第一四通阀203的开启状态。
上述空调机能够实现制冷的同时制热水、制热的同时制热水、单独制冷、单独制热和除霜等多种功能：
当制冷的同时制热水时，制热水切换器204切换至开启状态，其第一接口E与第二接口F连通，第一四通阀203切换至关闭状态，其B口与C口连通、A口与D口连通。冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f流出，从制热水切换器204的第二接口F流入并从第一接口E排出流出，而后进入热水发 生器300并放热，实现制热水；继而冷媒从热水发生器300流出，然后从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从C口排出流出，并流过室外换热器202继续放热，继续流过室内换热器101并吸热，实现室内制冷；最终冷媒流回压缩机201，完成一次制冷的同时制热水的循环。
当制热的同时制热水时，制热水切换器204切换至开启状态，其第一接口E与第二接口F连通，第一四通阀203切换至开启状态，其A口与B口连通、C口与D口连通。冷媒从压缩机201流出，从制热水切换器204的第二接口F流入并从第一接口E流出，而后进入热水发生器300并放热，实现制热水；继而冷媒从热水发生器300流出，然后从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从A口流出，流过室内换热器101继续放热，实现室内制热；冷媒继续流过室外换热器202并吸热，最终流回压缩机201，完成一次制热的同时制热水的循环。
当单独制冷时，制热水切换器204切换至关闭状态，其第二接口F与第三接口G连通，第一四通阀203切换至关闭状态，其A口与D口连通、B口与C口连通。冷媒从压缩机201流出，从制热水切换器204的第二接口F流入并从第三接口G流出，继而从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从C口流出，进入室外换热器202并放热，继续流过室内换热器101并吸热，实现室内制冷，最终流回压缩机201，完成一次单独制冷的循环。
当单独制热时，制热水切换器204切换至关闭状态，其第一接口E与第二接口F连通，第一四通阀203切换至开启状态，其A口与B口连通、C口与D口连通。冷媒从压缩机201流出，从制热水切换器204的第二接口F流入并从第三接口G流出，继而从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从A 口流出，进入室内换热器101并放热，实现室内制热，继续流过室外换热器202并吸热，最终流回压缩机201，完成一次单独制热的循环。
当除霜时，制热水切换器204切换至关闭状态，其第一接口E与第二接口F连通，第一四通阀203切换至关闭状态，其A口与D口连通、B口与C口连通。冷媒从压缩机201流出，从制热水切换器204的第二接口F流入并从第三接口G排出，继而从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从C口流出，进入室外换热器202并放热，实现除霜，继续流过室内换热器101并吸热，此时室内机100的风机不转动，最终流回压缩机201，完成一次除霜的循环。
由上述几个循环模式可知，在需要制取热水时，通过控制制热水切换器204的第二接口F和第三接口G连通(即制热水切换器204切换至开启状态)，使热水发生器300和空调机的换热器(及室内换热器101或室外换热器202)串联连接。高温高压的冷媒从压缩机201中流出，首先会经过热水发生器300进行放热从而制取热水，然后再流经换热器进行空调的制冷或制热。因此，本申请实施例所提供的空调机主要是利用冷媒的显热对热水发生器300内的水进行加热，从而所制取的生活热水能够达到较高的温度，减少甚至无需利用其他能源(如电能)加热水，大大降低了用来辅助加热的其他能源的消耗量，具有节能效果良好的优势。
并且，上述空调机可实现制冷的同时制热水、制热的同时制热水、单独制冷、单独制热和除霜等多种功能，从而实现了一机多用。
基于上述技术方案，在本申请的一些实施例中，请参见图2～4，上述空调机还可以包括单独制热水电磁阀401，单独制热水电磁阀401的第一 端i连接至第一四通阀203的B口与热水发生器300的第二端h相连的管路上，单独制热水电磁阀401的第二端j连接至室内换热器101的第二端b与室外换热器202的第二端d相连的管路上。
当需要单独制热水时，将单独制热水电磁阀401打开，使从制热水切换器204流出的冷媒从单独制热水电磁阀401所在的管路中流过，而后直接流向室外换热器202，经过第一四通阀203后返回压缩机201，从而单独制热水电磁阀401将室内机100旁通(即冷媒不会流经室内机100)，使上述空调机实现单独制取热水的功能。
进一步的，如图2～4所示，作为一种可能的设计，上述空调机还可以包括第一单向阀402，第一单向阀402的入口m与单独制热水电磁阀401的第二端j相连，第一单向阀402的出口n连接至室内换热器101的第二端b与室外换热器202的第二端d相连的管路上。第一单向阀402能够防止冷媒回流至单独制热水电磁阀401，起到保护单独制热水电磁阀401的作用。
本申请实施例所提供的空调机中，制热水切换器204可以有多种实现形式，下面将对几种可能的实现形式予以描述。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2所示，上述的空调机的制热水切换器204可以包括第二四通阀206，第二四通阀206包括A口、B口、C口和D口，其中，A口作为制热水切换器204的第一接口E，B口作为制热水切换结240构的第二接口F，C口作为制热水切换器204的第三接口G。
将第二四通阀206的B口与C口连通、A口与D口连通的状态定义为第二四通阀206的关闭状态，这种状态下，热水发生器300及其连接管 路被从空调机中旁通。将第二四通阀206的B口与A口连通、C口与D口连通的状态定义为第二四通阀206的开启状态，这种状态下，热水发生器300及其连接管路被接入空调机中。
另外，将第二四通阀206的D口与第一四通阀203的D口相连。
进一步的，如图2所示，上述空调机的室外机200还可以包括第二单向阀210，第二单向阀210的入口m与制热水切换器204的第一接口E相连，第二单向阀210的出口n与热水发生器300的第一端g相连。当第二四通阀206处于关闭状态(即空调机无制热水需求)，第二四通阀206的B口与C口连通、A口与D口连通，将第二单向阀210关闭，从压缩机201排出的冷媒流过第二四通阀206后，第二单向阀210能够阻止冷媒通过第一四通阀203的B口与热水发生器300之间的连接管路直接流回压缩机201的吸气端e，从而防止压缩机201的高低压端(即排气端f与吸气端e)串通，保证从压缩机201排出的冷媒在流过第二四通阀206后，流入第一四通阀203，并进入室外换热器202和室内换热器101中进行热交换，进而保证上述空调机的制冷、制热功能正常进行。
进一步的，如图2所示，上述空调机的室外机200还可以包括第三单向阀211，第三单向阀211的入口m与制热水切换器204的第三接口G相连，第三单向阀211的出口n与第一四通阀203的B口相连。第三单向阀211关闭，能够在冷媒流过热水发生器300后，阻止冷媒从第二四通阀206的C口流入并从D口流出而后直接回流至压缩机201的吸气端e，从而防止压缩机201的高低压端(即排气端f与吸气端e)串通，保证冷媒流入第一四通阀203，并进入室外换热器202和室内换热器101中进行热 交换，进而保证上述空调机在制热水的同时，制冷、制热功能正常进行。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，如图3所示，制热水切换器204可以包括三通阀207，三通阀207包括A口、B口和C口。三通阀207的A口作为制热水切换器204的第一接口E，三通阀207的B口作为制热水切换器204的第二接口F，三通阀207的C口作为制热水切换器204的第三接口G。
当三通阀207的B口与A口连通，制热水切换器204处于开启状态，热水发生器300及其连接管路被接入空调机中。当三通阀207的B口与C口连通，制热水切换器204处于关闭状态，热水发生器300及其连接管路被从空调机中旁通。
在本申请的再一些实施例中，如图4所示，制热水切换器204也可以包括第一电磁阀208和第二电磁阀209。第一电磁阀208的第一端p作为制热水切换器204的第一接口E，第一电磁阀208的第二端q与第二电磁阀209的第一端p相连，二者相连的公共端作为制热水切换器的第二接口F，第二电磁阀209的第二端q作为制热水切换器204的第三接口G。
当第一电磁阀208开启、第二电磁阀209关闭，此时制热水切换器204处于开启状态，热水发生器300及其连接管路被接入空调机中。当第一电磁阀208关闭、第二电磁阀209开启，此时制热水切换器204处于关闭状态，热水发生器300及其连接管路被从空调机中旁通。
请继续参见图2～4，本申请所提供的空调机还包括设置在室外换热器202与室内换热器101之间的连接管路上的室外电子节流器205和室内电子节流器102。其中，室外电子节流器205可设置在室外换热器202的第 二端d的附近；室内电子节流器102可设置在室内换热器101的第二端b的附近处。
在某些实施例中，室内电子节流器和室外电子节流器均可以为电子膨胀阀。
室外电子节流器205和室内电子节流器102均有两种工作状态：
(1)节流状态，此时其对空调机管路中流动的冷媒起到节流减压的作用，当高压冷媒流过节流状态的室外电子节流器205或室内电子节流器102后，变为低压冷媒。
(2)全开状态，此时其对管路中流动的冷媒的压强无影响。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2～4所示，空调机的室外机200还可以包括排气单向阀212，排气单向阀212设置于压缩机201的排气端f所在的管路上，其入口与压缩机201的排气端f相连，出口与制热水切换器204的第二接口F相连。在空调机停机时，关闭排气单向阀212，能够维持空调机的高低压管路的压差，以方便下次空调机开机。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机的室外机200还可以包括设置于压缩机201的排气端f所在管路上的油分离器217，高温高压的冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f排出时，可能会携带有压缩机的冷冻油，油分离器217能够用于将混于冷媒中的冷冻油分离出来。需要说明的是，在本申请的另一些实施例中，上述空调机中可以无需设置油分离器217。
在本申请的一些实施例中，油分离器217与压缩机201的吸气端e之间还可以设置有回油回路，回油回路上设置有回油电磁阀215和回油毛细管216，二者相串联。回油回路用于将油分离器217分离出的压缩机的冷 冻油由压缩机201的吸气端e回收至压缩机201中。需要说明的是，
在本申请的另一些实施例中，空调机中没有设置回油回路。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，参见图2～4，上述空调机的室外机200还可以包括设置于压缩机201的吸气端e所在的管路上的气液分离器218，用于将回流的冷媒中携带的液体分离出来，保证回流至压缩机201中的冷媒均为气态，以保护压缩机201。
在本申请的一些实施例中，空调机中也可以无需设置气液分离器218。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机的室外机200还可以包括设置在压缩机201的排气端f所在的高压管路和吸气端e所在的低压管路之间的高低压旁通回路。示例性的，该高低压旁通回路的一端连接至高压管路的油分离器217与排气单向阀212之间，另一端连接至低压管路的气液分离器218与第一四通阀203的D口之间。该高低压旁通回路上设置有旁通电磁阀213和旁通毛细管214。开启旁通电磁阀213，能够降低压缩机201的启动压差。此外，压缩机201的排气端f的高压过高或吸气端e的低压过低时，开启旁通电磁阀213，能够调整压缩机201的排气端f和吸气端e的压强，使空调机的高压和低压维持在正常范围内。
在本申请的一些实施例中，上述空调机可以无需设置高低压旁通回路。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机的室外机200还可以包括设置于压缩机201的排气端f所在的管路上的高压传感器219，该高压传感器219用于监测压缩机201所排出的高温高压的气态冷媒的压强。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机的室外机200还可以包括设置于压缩机201的排气端f所在的管路上的低压传感器220，该低 压传感器220用于监测压缩机201所吸入的低温低压的气态冷媒的压强。
需要说明的是，在本申请的一些实施例中，上述空调机可以无需设置高压传感器219和/或低压传感器220。
此外，上述空调机的室外机200还可以包括设置于室外换热器202上的除霜传感器222，除霜传感器221能够感应到室外换热器202的温度，从而能够监测室外换热器202的上霜情况，在室外换热器202上的霜层过厚时，及时警示用户或自行进入除霜模式将霜除去，保证了空调机的平稳运行。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机的室外机200还可以包括设置于室外换热器202上的室外温度传感器223，室外温度传感器223能够对室外温度起到检测作用。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机还可以包括：
连接于室内换热器101的第二端b与室外换热器202的第二端d之间的第一截止阀403，第一截止阀403为液侧截止阀。在安装时，第一截止阀403起到连接室内机100液管的作用。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机还可以包括：
连接于第一四通阀203的A口与室内换热器101的第一端a之间的第二截止阀404，第二截止阀404为气侧截止阀。在安装时，第二截止阀404起到连接室内机100气管的作用。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参见图2～4，空调机还可以包括：
连接于第一四通阀203的B口与热水发生器300的第二端h之间的第三截止阀405，第三截止阀405为气侧截止阀。
连接于制热水切换器的第一接口与所述热水发生器300的第一端g之间的第四截止阀406，第四截止阀406为气侧截止阀。
在安装时，第三截止阀405和第四截止阀406起到连接热水发生器300的冷媒管路的作用。
需要说明的是，在空调机的各种工作模式下，上述各截止阀处于常开状态。
下面将以图2所示出的空调机的具体结构为例，详细描述本申请实施例所提供的空调机的各循环模式。
如图5所示，当空调机处于制冷的同时制热水的循环模式时，将第二四通阀206切换至开启状态，其A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通；将第一四通阀203切换至关闭状态，其B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通；将单独制热水电磁阀401关闭。室外电子节流器205处于非节流状态。室内电子节流器102处于节流状态，同时开度用于调控冷媒在各个室内换热器中的流量。高低压旁通阀213处于关闭状态，回油电磁阀215处于开启状态。具体循环过程如下：
压缩机201将冷媒压缩成为高温高压的气态冷媒，高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f流出，流经油分离器217后，流向第二四通阀206，由第二四通阀206的B口流入并从A口流出并流向热水发生器300。
冷媒由热水发生器300的第一端g流入热水发生器300，与热水发生器300内的水进行热交换并放热后，变成低温高压的气态冷媒，或低温高压的气液两相共存态冷媒，从而实现制热水。而后冷媒从热水发生器300的第二端h流出并流向第一四通阀203，从第一四通阀203的B口流入并 从C口流出并流向室外换热器202。
继而冷媒由室外换热器202的第一端c流入室外换热器202，在室外换热器202内继续放热并液化为低温高压的液态冷媒，并从室外换热器202的第一端d流出，流过处于全开状态的室外电子节流器205，而后流向室内机100。
经由处于节流状态的室内电子节流器102节流降压后，冷媒变为低温低压的液态冷媒，并由室内换热器101的第二端b流入室内换热器101，在室内换热器101中吸热并汽化为低温低压的气态冷媒，从而实现对室内制冷。
单向阀211进口测的压力小于出口侧压力，导致单向阀截止。
之后冷媒从室内换热器101的第一端a流出并流向第一四通阀203，从第一四通阀203的A口流入并从D口流出，流经气液分离器218，最终从压缩机201的吸气端e流回压缩机201，完成一次循环。
如图6所示，当该空调机处于制热的同时制热水的循环模式时，将第二四通阀206切换至开启状态，其A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通；将第一四通阀203切换至开启状态，其A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通；将单独制热水电磁阀401切换至关闭状态。室外电子节流器205处于节流状态。室内电子节流器102处于非节流状态，同时开度用于调控冷媒在各个室内换热器中的流量。高低压旁通阀213处于关闭状态，回油电磁阀215处于开启状态。具体循环过程如下：
压缩机201将冷媒压缩成为高温高压的气态冷媒，高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f流出，流经油分离器217后，流向第二四通阀 206，由第二四通阀206的B口流入并从A口流出并流向热水发生器300。
冷媒由热水发生器300的第一端g流入热水发生器300，与热水发生器300内的水进行热交换并放热，变成低温高压的气态冷媒，或低温高压的气液两相共存态冷媒，从而实现制热水。而后从热水发生器300的第二端h流出并流向第一四通阀203，从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从A口流出并流向室内机100。
继而冷媒由室内换热器101的第一端a流入室内换热器101，在室内换热器101内继续放热并液化为低温高压的液态冷媒，从而实现对室内制热。之后冷媒并从室内换热器101的第二端b流出，流过处于全开状态的室内电子节流器102，而后流向室外机200。
经由处于节流状态的室外电子节流器205节流降压后，冷媒变为低温低压的液态冷媒，并由室外换热器202的第二端d流入室外换热器202，在室外换热器202中吸热并汽化为低温低压的气态冷媒，从室外换热器202的第一端c流出并流向第一四通阀203，从第一四通阀203的C口流入并从D口流出，流经气液分离器218，最终从压缩机201的吸气端e流回压缩机201，重新被压缩为高温高压的气态冷媒，完成一次循环。单向阀211进口测的压力小于出口侧压力，导致单向阀截止。
如图7所示，当空调机处于单独制冷的循环模式时，将第二四通阀206切换至关闭状态，其A口和D口连通，B口和C口连通；将第一四通阀203切换至关闭状态，其B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通；将单独制热水电磁阀401切换至关闭状态。室外电子节流器205处于非节流状态。室内电子节流器102处于节流状态，同时开度用于调控冷媒在各个室内换热 器中的流量。高低压旁通阀213处于关闭状态，回油电磁阀215处于开启状态。具体循环过程如下：
压缩机201将冷媒压缩成为高温高压的气态冷媒，高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f流出，流经油分离器217后，流向第二四通阀206，由第二四通阀206的B口流入并从C口流出并流向第一四通阀203，之后从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从C口流出并流向室外换热器202。
继而冷媒由室外换热器202的第一端c流入室外换热器202，在室外换热器202内放热并液化为低温高压的液态冷媒，并从室外换热器202的第一端d流出，流过处于全开状态的室外电子节流器205，而后流向室内机100。
经由处于节流状态的室内电子节流器102节流降压后，冷媒变为低温低压的液态冷媒，并由室内换热器101的第二端b流入室内换热器101，在室内换热器101中吸热并汽化为低温低压的气态冷媒，从而实现对室内制冷。
冷媒从室内换热器101的第一端a流出并流向第一四通阀203，从第一四通阀203的A口流入并从D口流出，流经气液分离器218，最终从压缩机201的吸气端e流回压缩机201，重新被压缩为高温高压的气态冷媒，完成一次循环。
如图8所示，当该空调机处于单独制热的循环模式时，第二四通阀206切换至关闭状态，其A口和D口连通，B口和C口连通；将第一四通阀203切换至开启状态，其A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通；将单独制热水电磁阀401切换至关闭状态。室外电子节流器205处于节流状态。室内 电子节流器102处于非节流状态，同时开度用于调控冷媒在各个室内换热器中的流量。高低压旁通阀213处于关闭状态，回油电磁阀215处于开启状态。具体循环过程如下：
压缩机201将冷媒压缩成为高温高压的气态冷媒，高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f流出，流经油分离217器后，流向第二四通阀206，由第二四通阀206的第B口流入并从C口流出并流向第一四通阀203，之后从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从A口排出并流向室内机100。
继而冷媒由室内换热器101的第一端a流入室内换热器101，在室内换热器101内继续放热并液化为低温高压的液态冷媒，从而实现对室内制热。之后冷媒从室内换热器101的第二端b流出，流过处于全开状态的室内电子节流器102，而后流向室外机200。
经由处于节流状态的室外电子节流器205节流降压后，冷媒变为低温低压的液态冷媒，并由室外换热器202的第二端d流入室外换热器202，在室外换热器202中吸热并汽化为低温低压的气态冷媒，从室外换热器202的第一端c流出并流向第一四通阀203，从第一四通阀203的C口流入并从D口流出，流经气液分离器218，最终从压缩机201的吸气端e流回压缩机201，重新被压缩为高温高压的气态冷媒，完成一次循环。
如图9所示，当空调机处于除霜的循环模式时，将第二四通阀206切换至关闭状态，其A口和D口连通，B口和C口连通；将第一四通阀203切换至关闭状态，其B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通；将单独制热水电磁阀401切换至关闭状态。室外电子节流器205处于非节流状态。室内电子节流器102处于节流状态，同时开度用于调控冷媒在各个室内换热器中 的流量。高低压旁通阀213处于关闭状态，回油电磁阀215处于开启状态。
需要说明的是，在切换第二四通阀206和第一四通阀203的状态时，具体可采用如下操作：先将第二四通阀206切换至关闭状态，使其第二四通阀206的A口和D口连通，B口和C口连通。之后等待设定时间，再将第一四通阀203切换至关闭状态，使其B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通。这样操作的目的是，避免液态冷媒由第一四通阀203的B口流入第一四通阀203中而损坏第一四通阀203，保证流入第一四通阀203的冷媒均为气态冷媒。
由于若同时将第一四通阀203和第二四通阀206关闭，这样管路内可能会有液态冷媒流入第一四通阀203；而若先将第二四通阀206关闭，等待设定后再将第一四通阀203关闭，这样能够保证进入第一四通阀203的冷媒均为压缩机201的排气端f所排出的气态冷媒，因此这样的操作可起到保护第一四通阀203的作用。
示例性的，上述“设定时间”可为15s～25s；进一步的，上述“设定时间”可为20s。
除霜的具体循环过程如下：
压缩机201将冷媒压缩成为高温高压的气态冷媒，高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f流出，流经油分离器217后，流向第二四通阀206，由第二四通阀206的第二接B口流入并从C口流出并流向第一四通阀203，之后从第一四通阀203的B口流入并从C口排出并流向室外换热器202。
继而冷媒由室外换热器202的第一端c流入室外换热器202，在室外 换热器202内放热并液化为低温高压的液态冷媒，实现对室外机进行除霜。之后冷媒从室外换热器202的第一端d流出，流过处于全开状态的室外电子节流器205，而后流向室内机100。
经由处于节流状态的室内电子节流器102节流降压后，冷媒变为低温低压的液态冷媒(过冷液体)，并由室内换热器101的第二端b流入室内换热器101，在室内换热器101中吸热并汽化为低温低压的气态冷媒。需要说明的是，在除霜状态下，室内机100的风机不转动，以避免对室内制冷。
冷媒从室内换热器101的第一端a流出并流向第一四通阀203，从的A口流入并从D口流出，流经气液分离器218，最终从压缩机201的吸气端e流回压缩机201，重新被压缩为高温高压的气态冷媒，完成一次循环。
如图10所示，当空调机处于单独制热水的循环模式时，将第二四通阀206切换至开启状态，其A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通；将第一四通阀203切换至开启状态，其A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通；将单独制热水电磁阀401切换至开启状态。室外电子节流器205处于节流状态，室内电子节流器102处于小开度接近全闭的状态，高低压旁通阀213处于关闭状态，回油电磁阀215处于开启状态。具体循环过程如下：
压缩机201将冷媒压缩成为高温高压的气态冷媒，高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机201的排气端f流出，流经油分离器217后，流向第二四通阀206，由第二四通阀206的B口流入并从A口流出并流向热水发生器300。
冷媒由热水发生器300的第一端g流入热水发生器300，与热水发生器300内的水进行热交换并放热，变为低温高压的液态冷媒，从而实现制 热水。而后冷媒从热水发生器300的第二端h流出并流向处于开启状态的单独制热水电磁阀401，从单独制热水电磁阀401的入口i流入并从出口j流出并流向室外机200。
经由处于节流状态的室外电子节流器205节流降压后，冷媒变为低温低压的液态冷媒，并流向室外换热器202。由室外换热器202的第二端d流入室外换热器202，在室外换热器202内吸热并汽化为低温低压的气态冷媒，从室外换热器202的第一端c流出并流向第一四通阀203。之后冷媒从第一四通阀203的C口流入并从D口流出，流经气液分离器218，最终从压缩机201的吸气端e流回压缩机201，重新被压缩为高温高压的气态冷媒，完成一次循环。
上述实施例中，电子节流器处于节流状态，当电子节流器为电子膨胀阀时，电子膨胀阀处于相对小开度的状态。电子节流器处于非节流状态，当电子节流器为电子膨胀阀时，电子膨胀阀处于相对大开度或者全开的状态。
在本申请实施例所提供的空调机中，室内换热器101的数量不唯一。在一些实施例中，如图2～4所示，上述空调机可以包括多台室内换热器101，多台室内换热器101相互并联。一台室内机100包括一台室内换热器101，当上述空调机包括多台并联的室内换热器101时，相当于上述空调机包括多台并联的室内机100，也就是说，上述空调机由一台室外机200带动多台室内机100，称为一拖多的空调***。
在另一些实施例中，上述空调机可以仅包括一台室内换热器101。一台室内机100包括一台室内换热器101，即上述空调机仅包括一台室内机 100，也即上述空调机由一台室外机200带动一台室内机100，称为一拖一的空调***。
在相关技术中，对于一拖一的空调***，制冷时室内机开机容量较小，参与循环的冷媒量较小，在将热水发生器与室外换热器并联后，冷媒分流为两路分别进入水箱和室外换热器，并且室外换热器中几乎完全是液态冷媒，液态冷媒流量较小，导致热水发生器中的参与循环的冷媒量不足，因此热水发生器中用于热回收制取热水的冷媒量较少，压强较低，造成利用热回收制取热水的效果较差，甚至无法制取热水。与此相比，本申请实施例中的空调机，由于将热水发生器300与换热器(及室内换热器101或室外换热器202)串联，从压缩机排出的高温高压的冷媒首先流经热水发生器300进行热回收制取热水，冷媒压强也较高，主要是利用冷媒的显热来实现热回收制取热水，即便应用于一拖一的空调***，热水发生器300中的水也能达到较高的温度，从而能够有效实现热回收。
请再次参见图2～4，在本申请实施例所提供的空调机中，热水发生器300内设置有热水发生器换热器301，热水发生器换热器301用于与流经自身的冷媒进行换热，以加热水。热水发生器换热器301可以采用外盘铜管、外盘微通道换热器或内部铜管等。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种空调机的控制方法，应用于上述空调机中。该控制方法包括如下过程：
在需要制热水时，如图5和6所示，将制热水切换器204的第一接口E和第二接口F连通，使热水发生器接入空调机中，此时由压缩机201排出的冷媒将流经热水发生器300并对热水发生器300内的水进行热交换 (放热)，制得热水后流入与之串联连接的空调机的换热器中。
在不需要制热水时，如图7、8和9所示，将制热水切换器204的第二接口F和第三接口G连通，使热水发生器被旁通，由压缩机201排出的冷媒将不再流经热水发生器300，而是流入第一四通阀203后直接流入室外换热器202或室内换热器101中。
上述空调机的控制方法与上述空调机的优势相同，此处不再赘述。
在某些实施例中，请参见图5，上述需要制热水的情况可以包括制冷的同时制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器204的第一接口E和第二接口F连通，将第一四通阀203的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器300与室外换热器202相串联，冷媒由压缩机201流出，通过制热水切换器204后进入热水发生器300，冷媒放出热量后，通过第一四通阀203后进入室外换热器202，继续放出热量后，进入室内换热器101吸收热量，通过第一四通阀203后回到压缩机201。具体循环过程可参见上面空调机中对制冷的同时制热水的循环过程的相关描述。
在某些实施例中，请参见图6，上述需要制热水的情况可以包括制热的同时制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器204的第一接口E和第二接口F连通，将第一四通阀的A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通，使热水发生器300与室内换热器101相串联，冷媒由压缩机201流出，通过制热水切换器204后进入热水发生器300，冷媒放出热量后，通过第一四通阀203后进入室内换热器101，继续放出热量后，进入室外换热器202吸收热量，通过第一四通阀203后回到压缩机201。具体循环过程可参见上面空调机中对制热的同时制热水的循环过程的相关描述。
在某些实施例中，请参见图10，在空调机中增设单独制热水电磁阀401。上述需要制热水的情况包括单独制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器204的第一接口E和第二接口F连通，第一四通阀203的A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通，单独制热水电磁阀401打开，冷媒由压缩机201流出，通过制热水切换器204后进入热水发生器300，冷媒放出热量后，通过单独制热水电磁阀401后进入室外换热器202，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀203后回到压缩机201。具体循环过程可参见上面空调机中对单独制热水的循环过程的相关描述。
在某些实施例中，请参见图7，上述不需要制热水的情况可以包括单独制冷的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器204的第二接口F和第三接口G连通，将第一四通阀203的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器300被旁通，冷媒由压缩机201流出，通过制热水切换器204后进入室外换热器202，冷媒放出热量后，进入室内换热器101，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀203后回到压缩机201。具体循环过程可参见上面空调机中对单独制冷的循环过程的相关描述。
在某些实施例中，请参见图8，上述不需要制热水的情况可以包括单独制热的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器204的第二接口F和第三接口G连通，将第一四通阀203的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器300被旁通，冷媒由压缩机201流出，通过制热水切换器204后进入室内换热器101，冷媒放出热量后，进入室外换热器202，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀203后回到压缩机201。具体循环过程可参见上面空调机中对单独制热的循环过程的相关描述。
在某些实施例中，请参见图9，上述不需要制热水的情况可以包括除霜的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器204的第二接口F和第三接口G连通，经过设定时间(例如20s)后，将第一四通阀203的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，以避免液态冷媒流入第一四通阀203而损坏第一四通阀203。此时，热水发生器300被旁通，冷媒由压缩机201流出，依次通过制热水切换器204和第一四通阀203后，进入室外换热器202，冷媒放出热量后，进入室内换热器101，此时室内机100的风机不转动，以避免对室内制冷，冷媒吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀203后回到压缩机201。具体循环过程可参见上面空调机中对除霜的循环过程的相关描述。
本申请实施例中所提供的空调机及其控制方法中，在需要制取热水时，通过控制制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，使热水发生器处于压缩机的排气端和空调机的换热器(即室内换热器或室外换热器)之间，从而热水发生器和换热器串联连接。这样，高温高压的冷媒从压缩机中流出，首先会经过热水发生器进行放热从而制取热水，然后再流经换热器进行空调的制冷或制热。与热水发生器和换热器器并联连接的技术方案相比，利用气态冷媒的显热对热水发生器内的水进行加热，因此所制取的生活热水能够达到较高的温度，减少了甚至无需利用其他能源(如电能)加热水，因而大大降低了用来辅助加热的其他能源的消耗量，具有节能效果良好的优势。
并且，上述空调机在需要制热水时，将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，使热水发生器接入循环***中：将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通、A口和D口连通，可实现制冷的同时制热水；将第一四通阀的A口 和B口连通、C口和D口连通，可实现制热的同时制热水。在不需要制热水时，将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，使热水发生器旁通：将B口和C口连通、A口和D口连通，可实现单独制冷；将B口和A口连通、C口和D口连通，可实现单独制热；将B口和C口连通、A口和D口连通，并使室内机的风机不转动，可实现除霜。可见，本申请所提供的空调机及控制方法能够实现上述多种功能，从而实现一机多用。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种空调机，包括室内机、室外机及热水发生器，其中室内机包括室内换热器，所述室外机包括压缩机和室外换热器，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括制热水切换器和第一四通阀，其中所述制热水切换器包括第一接口、第二接口和第三接口，所述第一四通阀包括A口、B口、C口和D口；
    所述制热水切换器的第一接口与所述热水发生器的第一端相连，所述制热水切换器的第二接口与所述压缩机的排气端相连，所述制热水切换器的第三接口与所述第一四通阀的B口相连；
    所述第一四通阀的A口与所述室内换热器的第一端相连，所述第一四通阀的B口还与所述热水发生器的第二端相连，所述第一四通阀的C口与所述室外换热器的第一端相连，所述第一四通阀的D口与所述压缩机的吸气端相连；
    所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器的第二端相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括单独制热水电磁阀，所述单独制热水电磁阀的第一端连接至所述第一四通阀的B口与所述热水发生器的第二端相连的管路上，所述单独制热水电磁阀的第二端连接至所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器的第二端相连的管路上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括第一单向阀，所述第一单向阀的入口与所述单独制热水电磁阀的第二端相连，所述第一单向阀的出口连接至所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器 的第二端相连的管路上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述制热水切换器包括第二四通阀，所述第二四通阀包括A口、B口、C口和D口；
    所述第二四通阀的A口作为所述制热水切换器的第一接口，所述第二四通阀的B口作为所述制热水切换器的第二接口，所述第二四通阀的C口作为所述制热水切换器的第三接口，所述第二四通阀的D口与所述第一四通阀的D口相连。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括第二单向阀，所述第二单向阀的入口与所述制热水切换器的第一接口相连，所述第二单向阀的出口与所述热水发生器的第一端相连。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括第三单向阀，所述第三单向阀的入口与所述制热水切换器的第三接口相连，所述第三单向阀的出口与所述第一四通阀的B口相连。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述制热水切换器包括三通阀，所述三通阀包括A口、B口和C口；
    所述三通阀的A口作为所述制热水切换器的第一接口，所述三通阀的B口作为所述制热水切换器的第二接口，所述三通阀的C口作为所述制热水切换器的第三接口。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述制热水切换器包括第一电磁阀和第二电磁阀；
    所述第一电磁阀的第一端作为所述制热水切换器的第一接口；所述第一电磁阀的第二端与所述第二电磁阀的第一端相连，二者相连的公共端作 为所述制热水切换器的第二接口；所述第二电磁阀的第二端作为所述制热水切换器的第三接口。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8任一项所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述空调机包括多台室内机，所述多台室内机相互并联；或者，
    所述空调机包括一台室内机。
  10. 根据权利要求1～8任一项所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括：
    连接于所述室内换热器的第二端与所述室外换热器的第二端之间的第一截止阀；
    连接于所述第一四通阀的A口与所述室内换热器的第一端之间的第二截止阀；
    连接于所述第一四通阀的B口与所述热水发生器的第二端之间的第三截止阀；
    连接于所述制热水切换器的第一接口与所述热水发生器的第一端之间的第四截止阀。
  11. 一种空调机的控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法应用于如权利要求1～10任一项所述空调机，所述控制方法包括：
    在需要制热水时，将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，使热水发生器接入空调机中；
    在不需要制热水时，将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，使热水发生器被旁通。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的空调机的控制方法，其特征在于，所述 需要制热水的情况包括制冷的同时制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器与室外换热器相串联，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入热水发生器，冷媒放出热量后，通过第一四通阀后进入室外换热器，继续放出热量后，进入室内换热器吸收热量，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的空调机的控制方法，其特征在于，所述需要制热水的情况包括制热的同时制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，将第一四通阀的A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通，使热水发生器与室内换热器相串联，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入热水发生器，冷媒放出热量后，通过第一四通阀后进入室内换热器，继续放出热量后，进入室外换热器吸收热量，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的空调机的控制方法，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括单独制热水电磁阀；所述需要制热水的情况包括单独制热水的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第一接口和第二接口连通，第一四通阀的A口和B口连通，C口和D口连通，单独制热水电磁阀打开，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入热水发生器，冷媒放出热量后，通过单独制热水电磁阀后进入室外换热器，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的空调机的控制方法，其特征在于，所述不需要制热水的情况包括单独制冷的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热 水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器被旁通，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入室外换热器，冷媒放出热量后，进入室内换热器，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的空调机的控制方法，其特征在于，所述不需要制热水的情况包括单独制热的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器被旁通，冷媒由压缩机流出，通过制热水切换器后进入室内换热器，冷媒放出热量后，进入室外换热器，吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的空调机的控制方法，其特征在于，所述不需要制热水的情况包括除霜的循环过程，该循环过程包括：将制热水切换器的第二接口和第三接口连通，经过设定时间后，将第一四通阀的B口和C口连通，A口和D口连通，使热水发生器被旁通，冷媒由压缩机流出，依次通过制热水切换器和第一四通阀后，进入室外换热器，冷媒放出热量后，进入室内换热器，此时室内机的风机不转动，冷媒吸收热量后，通过第一四通阀后回到压缩机。
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