WO2020088264A1 - Antenna structure and terminal - Google Patents

Antenna structure and terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020088264A1
WO2020088264A1 PCT/CN2019/111782 CN2019111782W WO2020088264A1 WO 2020088264 A1 WO2020088264 A1 WO 2020088264A1 CN 2019111782 W CN2019111782 W CN 2019111782W WO 2020088264 A1 WO2020088264 A1 WO 2020088264A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
decoupling
branch
structure according
network
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PCT/CN2019/111782
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘洋
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020088264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020088264A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna structure and terminal.
  • the terminal products will be placed around the corresponding multiple input and multiple output (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO) antenna system, but it also needs to be further compatible with 4G and 3G related product frequency bands. Therefore, more MIMO antennas and 3G and 4G main and diversity antennas and Wifi antennas will be arranged on the edge of the terminal.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and a terminal, which can effectively ensure the isolation between adjacent antennas without being limited to the physical size between adjacent antennas.
  • An antenna structure includes: a first antenna and a second antenna; a decoupling network connected between the first antenna and the second antenna, the decoupling network includes at least one conductive patch, the The conductive patch is made of conductive material and includes a ring-shaped body and a notch provided on the body.
  • the decoupling network includes at least two decoupling branches, each decoupling branch is provided with at least one conductive patch, and the at least two decoupling branches are connected in parallel to form a first endpoint, respectively And a second endpoint, the first endpoint is connected to the first antenna, the second endpoint is connected to the second antenna, and the decoupling network is relative to the first antenna and the second antenna
  • the center line of symmetry between them is symmetrical.
  • the decoupling branch includes a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch, the first decoupling branch is provided with the conductive patch, and the second decoupling branch is provided with There are two such conductive patches.
  • the decoupling branch further includes a third decoupling branch, the third decoupling branch is provided with the conductive patch, and the conductive patch on the third decoupling branch The direction of the notch is opposite to the direction of the notch of the conductive patch on the first decoupling branch.
  • the shape of the body of the conductive patch is one of the following: circular ring, rectangular.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna are multiple input multiple output MIMO antennas
  • the first antenna includes a first connecting arm connected to one end of the decoupling network
  • the second antenna includes The second connection arm connected to the other end of the decoupling network, the first connection arm and the second connection arm are made of a conductive material.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna respectively include feeding points
  • the first connecting arm extends from the feeding point of the first antenna to one end of the decoupling network
  • the second The connecting arm extends from the feeding point of the second antenna to the other end of the decoupling network
  • the first antenna and the second antenna further include a ground plane of the PCB surface layer, a radiator and a feeder line located in a clear area of the PCB, and the first antenna and the second antenna are symmetrically distributed.
  • the size of the clearance area is 10 mm * 40 mm, and the distance between the feeding point of the first antenna and the feeding point of the second antenna is 20 mm.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna are at least one of the following: an IFA antenna, a monopole antenna, and a loop antenna.
  • a terminal includes multiple antenna structures, and the antenna structure includes at least one antenna structure as described in any embodiment of the present application.
  • antenna structures which are respectively disposed on the four sides of the main board of the terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna layout of a terminal known in an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in yet another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in still another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna layout of a terminal in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram before and after the isolation index is improved in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Isolation refers to the ratio of the signal transmitted by one antenna and the signal received by another antenna to the signal of this transmitting antenna.
  • Input return loss refers to the parameter of the performance where part of the incident power is reflected back to the signal source.
  • Scattering parameters are scattering parameters, used to evaluate the performance of the signal emitted and transmitted by the object to be measured.
  • S parameters mainly include input return loss S11 and isolation S12.
  • MIMO Multiple input multiple output refers to the use of multiple transmit antennas and receive antennas at the transmitter and receiver, respectively, to transmit and receive signals through multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver.
  • Band refers to the frequency range of electromagnetic waves, the unit is Hz, according to the size of the frequency, it can be divided into the following types.
  • VLF Very low frequency
  • the intermediate frequency (MF) is 300kHz to 3000kHz, and the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is medium wave 1000m to 100m.
  • High frequency (HF) 3MHz ⁇ 30MHz the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is short wave 100m ⁇ 10m.
  • VHF Very high frequency
  • Ultra high frequency (SHF) 3GHz ⁇ 30GHz the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is 10cm ⁇ 1cm in centimeter wave.
  • the extremely high frequency (EHF) is 30 GHz to 300 GHz, and the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is 10 mm to 1 mm in millimeter wave.
  • the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is Simi wave 1mm ⁇ 0.1mm.
  • a schematic diagram of an antenna layout of a known terminal is provided.
  • known terminal products have multiple antenna structures around their periphery, including a MIMO antenna, a main antenna, a diversity antenna, and a Wifi antenna
  • the terminal usually refers to the fifth generation mobile communication network (5G) terminal.
  • MIMO antennas include MIMO # 1, MIMO # 2, MIMO # 3, MIMO # 4, MIMO # 5, MIMO # 6, WiFi antennas include Wifi1, Wifi2, and main and diversity antennas include Main1, Main2, Diversity .
  • MIMO antennas include MIMO # 1, MIMO # 2, MIMO # 3, MIMO # 4, MIMO # 5, MIMO # 6, WiFi antennas include Wifi1, Wifi2, and main and diversity antennas include Main1, Main2, Diversity .
  • In the antenna design of the terminal in order to improve the improvement of the isolation index, it mainly relies on the following measures.
  • Two adjacent antennas adopt different antenna forms, such as IFA antenna, single-stage antenna and loop antenna.
  • the feed points of the two antennas and the radiator are placed orthogonally and vertically.
  • two adjacent antennas adopt different antenna forms. This measure was verified in the early stage, and the isolation improvement effect was not very obvious.
  • two monopole antennas and one monopole antenna were verified based on the band 41 (corresponding to 2496 ⁇ 2690MHz).
  • an IFA antenna, a monopole antenna and a loop antenna the isolation between two monopole antennas is -10dB, the isolation between a monopole antenna and an IFA antenna is -12dB, and a single The isolation between the polar antenna and a loop antenna is -11dB. From the verification situation, the isolation improvement effect is not obvious.
  • the feed points of the two antennas and the radiator are placed orthogonally. This measure is mainly affected by the space and layout of the antenna. As shown in Figure 1, many MIMO antennas are on the side of the terminal, and orthogonal placement of the antennas cannot be achieved.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure including a first antenna 10 and a second antenna 20; connected to the first A decoupling network 30 between the antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, the decoupling network 30 includes at least one conductive patch 31, the conductive patch 31 is made of a conductive material, including a ring-shaped body And a notch 310 provided on the body.
  • the decoupling network 30 can form a current coupling path between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20. Since the body of the conductive patch 31 is provided with a notch 310, the coupling is decoupled
  • the network 30 includes a first current path between one side of the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 and the first antenna 10 and a first current path between the other side of the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 and the second antenna 20 Two current paths, the surface currents of the first current path and the second current path are opposite in phase, and the coupling currents of the two parts of the current path are neutralized, which can effectively reduce the antenna coupling between adjacent antennas.
  • the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is effectively improved.
  • the number of the conductive patch 31 may be one, two or more.
  • Each conductive patch 31 has a symmetrical structure, including a first patch portion located on one side of the notch 310 and a second patch portion located on the other side of the notch 310.
  • the decoupling network 30 further includes a neutralization line 320 connecting the conductive patch 31 to the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the first patch part is connected to the first antenna 10 through the neutralization line 320.
  • the second patch part is connected to the second antenna 20 through a neutral line 320.
  • the number of the conductive patches 31 is two, and the neutralizing lines 320 are connected in series to form a single-row decoupling branch, and are connected to the neutralizing line 320 between the two conductive patches 31.
  • the midpoint of is on the symmetric center line HH of the antenna structure.
  • the decoupling network 30 includes at least two decoupling branches, each decoupling branch is provided with at least one conductive patch 31, and the at least two decoupling branches are connected in parallel to form a first End point 330 and second end point 340, the first end point 330 is connected to the first antenna 10, the second end point 340 is connected to the second antenna 20, and the decoupling network 30 is relative to the
  • the symmetric center line HH between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 has a symmetric structure.
  • each decoupling branch includes a conductive patch 31 and a neutral line 320 connecting the conductive patch 31 and the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, respectively.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are in a symmetrical state along the symmetric centerline HH, and the entire antenna structure including the decoupling network 30 is also in a symmetrical state relative to the symmetrical centerline HH.
  • the decoupling network 30 The function is similar to a broadband filter.
  • the electromagnetic waves coupled between the two antennas can be effectively filtered out when passing through the filter network structure, thereby effectively improving the isolation between the antennas.
  • the filtering frequency band of the decoupling network 30 can be adjusted.
  • the decoupling network 30 can be decoupled by changing the actual working frequency band by changing The number of branches and the number of conductive patches 31 in the decoupling branches are optimized and adjusted.
  • the decoupling branch includes a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch.
  • a conductive patch 31 is provided on the first decoupling branch
  • the second Two conductive patches 31 are provided on the decoupling branch.
  • the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch are connected in parallel, and the conductive patch 31 of the first decoupling branch and the conductive patch 31 of the second decoupling branch are arranged in a zigzag pattern So that the decoupling network 30 is in a symmetrical state with respect to the symmetric center line HH between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch respectively include different numbers of conductive patches 31 to respectively implement filtering in different frequency bands.
  • the decoupling branch includes a first decoupling branch, a second decoupling branch, and a third decoupling branch
  • the first decoupling branch is provided with one of the conductive Type patch 31
  • two conductive type patches 31 are provided on the second decoupling branch
  • one conductive type patch 31 is provided on the third decoupling branch
  • the first decoupling The branch and the third decoupling branch are respectively located on opposite sides of the second decoupling branch.
  • the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 on the third decoupling branch faces the third
  • the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 on a decoupling branch faces in the opposite direction.
  • the decoupling network 30 is in a symmetrical state with respect to the symmetric center line HH between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, and the third decoupling branch and the first decoupling branch are relative to the second decoupling branch.
  • the coupling branch is in a symmetrical state
  • the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch respectively include different numbers of conductive patches 31, and the first decoupling branch and the third decoupling branch have conductive patches 31
  • the number of is the same and the gap is in the opposite direction.
  • the shape of the body of the conductive patch 31 may be one of the following: a circular ring, a rectangle, or other geometric shapes. Please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 again, the body of the conductive patch 31 is rectangular, and the notch 310 is disposed in the center of the long side of the rectangle. In any decoupling branch, the neutralization line 320 is respectively connected to the conductive patch 31 The two short sides are connected. When the antenna structure is disposed around the terminal, the direction of the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 in the decoupling branch near the edge of the terminal is all toward the edge direction of the terminal.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are multiple input multiple output MIMO antennas.
  • the first antenna 10 includes a first connecting arm 11 connected to one end of the decoupling network 30.
  • the second antenna 20 includes a second connection arm 21 connected to the other end of the decoupling network 30.
  • the first connection arm 11 and the second connection arm 21 are made of a conductive material.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 include A first connecting arm 11 and a second connecting arm 21 made of conductive material and extending in the direction of the coupling network 30 are located.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 may be a bracket antenna, and a printed antenna (PCB antenna) may be used.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are respectively MIMO antennas
  • the antenna structure is a MIMO antenna structure
  • the first connecting arm 11 and the second connecting arm 21 are respectively L-shaped, and their widths
  • the width of the neutralization line 320 is substantially equal, which facilitates the connection between the first connection arm 11 and the second connection arm 21 at the ends and the corresponding neutralization line 320 by welding.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 respectively include feeding points
  • the first connecting arm 11 goes from the first feeding point 13 of the first antenna 10 to the decoupling network 30
  • One end extends and the second connecting arm 21 extends from the second feeding point 23 of the second antenna 20 to the other end of the decoupling network 30.
  • the feed point refers to the position of the interface between the antenna and the cable. When the radio wave entering the antenna reaches the feed point, there is a peak, a valley, or there may be any position between the peak and the valley, feeding at a different position The electrical point exhibits different impedances.
  • the second connecting arm 21 It extends outward from the position of the second feeding point 23 of the second antenna 20 to ensure the position where the first connecting arm 11 and the second connecting arm 21 are connected to the feeding points of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, respectively
  • the decoupling network 30 is connected between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 to form a current coupling path, wherein the decoupling network 30 is located at the first current between the symmetric center line HH and the first antenna 10
  • the path and the surface current of the second current path between the symmetric center line HH and the second antenna 20 have opposite phases, so that the coupling current between the two parts of the current coupling path can cancel the neutralization and reduce the antenna coupling. , Making electromagnetic waves in specific frequency bands impossible to pass.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 further include a ground plane 40 on the surface layer of the PCB, a radiator and a feeder located in the clearance area of the PCB, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are Symmetrically distributed.
  • the first radiator 15 of the first antenna 10 may refer to the metal trace of the low-frequency antenna
  • the second radiator 25 of the second antenna 20 may refer to the metal trace of the high-frequency antenna.
  • the metal trace may be composed of a single continuous
  • the communication of the metal traces may also be composed of a plurality of separated metal traces.
  • the metal traces and the feeder wires are electrically connected to the corresponding feed points, respectively.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 may share the ground plane 40 of the PCB surface layer.
  • Clearance refers to the open area in the vertical projection area of the antenna (both the upper and lower ranges must be considered). Within the projection area of the antenna, do not lay the ground (especially the on-board antenna), and keep the clear space of the antenna to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
  • the size of the clearance area is 10 mm * 40 mm, and the distance between the first feeding point 13 of the first antenna 10 and the second feeding point 23 of the second antenna 20 is 20 mm.
  • the antenna clearing area only needs to meet the requirements of the radiating antenna, and no new antenna clearing is required.
  • the position of the feeding point is reasonably set in accordance with the size of the antenna clearing area to ensure that the first connecting arm 11 and the second connecting arm 21 are
  • the feed points of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 exhibit the same impedance, and the decoupling network 30 is located between the symmetric center line HH and the first antenna 10 and the symmetric center line HH and the second antenna
  • the surface currents of the parts between 20 are opposite in phase, so that the coupling current between the two parts of the current coupling path can cancel the neutralization, and the purpose of reducing the antenna coupling degree can be achieved, so that electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band cannot pass.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are at least one of the following: an IFA antenna, a monopole antenna, and a loop antenna.
  • the types of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are not limited to a certain same type, but may be one or a combination of multiple types of different antennas.
  • the second antenna 20 is preferably an antenna of the same frequency band.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are 2.7Ghz-5.1Ghz antennas, and the coupling between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can be reduced by about 10-15 dB.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal including the antenna structure provided in any embodiment of the present application (as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4).
  • the antenna structure may be provided on any side of the main board 80 of the terminal or on multiple sides of the main board 80 respectively.
  • the antenna structure may be provided on the top, bottom, and / or side of the main board 80.
  • the decoupling network 30 forms a current coupling path between the corresponding two antennas, thereby improving the antenna routing to improve The isolation between the antennas.
  • the antenna structure includes a decoupling network 30 connected between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the decoupling network 30 includes at least one conductive patch 31, wherein the conductive patch 31 is composed of Made of conductive material, including a ring-shaped body and a notch 310 provided on the body, the decoupling network 30 forms a current coupling path between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, due to the conductive patch 31
  • the notch 310 is provided so that the current path of the portion of the decoupling network 30 between the symmetric center line HH and the first antenna 10 and the portion of the current path between the symmetric center line HH and the second antenna 20 are opposite in phase,
  • the coupling current of the two parts of the current path is offset and neutralized, which can effectively reduce the degree of antenna coupling between adjacent antennas, without increasing the physical size between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is improved.
  • the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is the SUB6G frequency band, in which the band 41: 2496-2690MHz; n77: 3300-4200MHz; n78: 3300-3800MHz; n79: 4400-5000MHz as an example
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are monopole antennas with the same wiring form, and the working frequency bands of the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are the same, so the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of the present application is not used At the time, the isolation S12 index was verified at -6dB.
  • the tested isolation S12 indexes are all below -15dB, which meets the actual engineering needs.
  • the working frequency bands of the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 cover three frequency bands n77, n78, and n79, and the antenna covers a wider bandwidth.
  • the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application has specific applications.
  • the isolation index can be optimized under the premise that the efficiency is above 45%; or, the efficiency of the two antennas can be debugged first, and then add this between adjacent antennas of the same frequency
  • the embodiments of the application provide a decoupling network, and then jointly optimize the antenna efficiency and isolation index.
  • the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application is especially It is suitable for 5G terminal products that are close to each other and densely arranged.
  • there is no need to slit the main board 80 no need to increase the distance between the two antennas in order to improve isolation, no need to arrange complex circuits to change the two
  • the length of the balanced line points between the antennas to improve the isolation will not affect the overall layout.

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Abstract

Disclosed in embodiments of the present invention are an antenna structure and a terminal. The antenna structure comprises: a first antenna (10) and a second antenna (20); and a decoupling network (30) connected between the first antenna (10) and the second antenna (20). The decoupling network (30) comprises at least one electrically conductive patch (31). The electrically conductive patch (31) is made of an electrically conductive material, and comprises an annular main body and a recess (310) arranged at the main body.

Description

天线结构及终端Antenna structure and terminal
交叉引用cross reference
本申请引用于2018年11月02日递交的名称为“天线结构及终端”的第201811303075.1号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。This application refers to the Chinese patent application No. 201811303075.1 filed on November 02, 2018 and titled "Antenna Structure and Terminal", which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线结构及终端。This application relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna structure and terminal.
背景技术Background technique
随着移动通信的迅猛发展，低频段频谱资源的开发已经非常成熟，剩余的低频段频谱资源已经不能满足第五代移动通信网络(5G)时代10G比特每秒(10GBits bits per second，10Gbps)的峰值速率需求，因此，未来5G***需要在毫米波频段上需找可用的频谱资源。作为5G关键技术之一的毫米波技术已经成为目前标准组织和产业链各方研究的重点，同时对应的5G终端也在进一步加紧实现中，而5G毫米波对应的一些高方向性，空间损耗大等特点，使得目前传统的在主板两端分别设置主、分集天线的布局形式已经无法满足5G的要求，因此，终端产品会在其周围布局相应的多入多出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)天线***，但同时还需进一步兼容4G、3G的相关品频段，因此，会在终端边沿布置较多的MIMO天线及3G、4G的主、分集天线和Wifi天线。With the rapid development of mobile communications, the development of low-band spectrum resources has become very mature, and the remaining low-band spectrum resources can no longer meet the 10G bits per second (10Gbps) of the fifth generation mobile communication network (5G) era. Peak rate requirements, therefore, future 5G systems need to find available spectrum resources in the millimeter wave band. As one of the key technologies of 5G, millimeter wave technology has become the focus of the current research of standards organizations and various parties in the industry chain. At the same time, the corresponding 5G terminals are also being stepped up to achieve, while 5G millimeter wave corresponds to some high directivity and large space loss. Such features make the traditional layout of setting the main and diversity antennas at both ends of the main board unable to meet the requirements of 5G. Therefore, the terminal products will be placed around the corresponding multiple input and multiple output (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO) antenna system, but it also needs to be further compatible with 4G and 3G related product frequency bands. Therefore, more MIMO antennas and 3G and 4G main and diversity antennas and Wifi antennas will be arranged on the edge of the terminal.
与4G终端相比，5G终端天线数量明显增多，两天线之间距离明显相距较近，且很多都是同频的MIMO天线，这必然会产生天线之间的相互干扰，影响天线辐射效果，使得终端速率明显下降。因此，如何保证两两天线之间的隔离度指标就成为5G终端天线设计合理的一个重要因素。Compared with 4G terminals, the number of 5G terminal antennas has increased significantly, the distance between the two antennas is obviously close, and many of them are MIMO antennas of the same frequency. This will inevitably produce mutual interference between the antennas and affect the antenna radiation effect The terminal rate drops significantly. Therefore, how to ensure the isolation index between two antennas has become an important factor in the rational design of 5G terminal antennas.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决现有存在的技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种天线结构及终端，能够在不受限于相邻天线之间的物理尺寸的前提下，有效确保相邻天线之间的隔离度。To solve the existing technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and a terminal, which can effectively ensure the isolation between adjacent antennas without being limited to the physical size between adjacent antennas.
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例的技术方案是这样实现的。To achieve the above objective, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are implemented in this way.
一种天线结构，包括：第一天线和第二天线；连接于所述第一天线和所述第二天线之间的去耦合网络，所述去耦合网络包括至少一导电型贴片，所述导电型贴片由导电材料制成，包括呈环形的本体及设置于所述本体上的缺口。An antenna structure includes: a first antenna and a second antenna; a decoupling network connected between the first antenna and the second antenna, the decoupling network includes at least one conductive patch, the The conductive patch is made of conductive material and includes a ring-shaped body and a notch provided on the body.
其中，所述去耦合网络包括至少两条去耦支路，每一去耦支路上设置有至少一所述导电型贴片，所述至少两条去耦支路并联连接分别形成第一端点和第二端点，所述第一端点与所述第一天线连接，所述第二端点与所述第二天线连接，所述去耦合网络相对于所述第一天线和所述第二天线之间的对称中心线呈对称结构。Wherein, the decoupling network includes at least two decoupling branches, each decoupling branch is provided with at least one conductive patch, and the at least two decoupling branches are connected in parallel to form a first endpoint, respectively And a second endpoint, the first endpoint is connected to the first antenna, the second endpoint is connected to the second antenna, and the decoupling network is relative to the first antenna and the second antenna The center line of symmetry between them is symmetrical.
其中，所述去耦支路包括第一去耦支路和第二去耦支路，所述第一去耦支路上设置有一个所述导电型贴片，所述第二去耦支路上设置有两个所述导电型贴片。Wherein, the decoupling branch includes a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch, the first decoupling branch is provided with the conductive patch, and the second decoupling branch is provided with There are two such conductive patches.
其中，所述去耦支路还包括第三去耦支路，所述第三去耦支路上设置有一个所述导电型贴片，所述第三去耦支路上的所述导电型贴片的缺口朝向与所述第一去耦支路上的所述导电型贴片的缺口朝向相反。Wherein, the decoupling branch further includes a third decoupling branch, the third decoupling branch is provided with the conductive patch, and the conductive patch on the third decoupling branch The direction of the notch is opposite to the direction of the notch of the conductive patch on the first decoupling branch.
其中，所述导电型贴片的本体的形状为如下之一：圆环形、矩形。Wherein, the shape of the body of the conductive patch is one of the following: circular ring, rectangular.
其中，所述第一天线和所述第二天线为多入多出MIMO天线，所述第一天线包括与所述去耦合网络的一端连接的第一连接臂，所述第二天线包括与所述去耦合网络的另一端连接的第二连接臂，所述第一连接臂和所述第二连接臂由导电材料制成。Wherein, the first antenna and the second antenna are multiple input multiple output MIMO antennas, the first antenna includes a first connecting arm connected to one end of the decoupling network, and the second antenna includes The second connection arm connected to the other end of the decoupling network, the first connection arm and the second connection arm are made of a conductive material.
其中，所述第一天线和所述第二天线分别包括馈电点，所述第一 连接臂从所述第一天线的馈电点向所述去耦合网络的一端延伸形成，所述第二连接臂从所述第二天线的馈电点向所述去耦合网络的另一端延伸形成。Wherein, the first antenna and the second antenna respectively include feeding points, and the first connecting arm extends from the feeding point of the first antenna to one end of the decoupling network, and the second The connecting arm extends from the feeding point of the second antenna to the other end of the decoupling network.
其中，所述第一天线和所述第二天线还分别包括PCB表层的地平面、位于PCB净空区域的辐射体及馈电线，所述第一天线和所述第二天线呈对称分布。Wherein, the first antenna and the second antenna further include a ground plane of the PCB surface layer, a radiator and a feeder line located in a clear area of the PCB, and the first antenna and the second antenna are symmetrically distributed.
其中，所述净空区域的尺寸为10mm*40mm，所述第一天线的馈电点与所述第二天线的馈电点之间的距离为20mm。Wherein, the size of the clearance area is 10 mm * 40 mm, and the distance between the feeding point of the first antenna and the feeding point of the second antenna is 20 mm.
其中，所述第一天线和所述第二天线分别为如下至少一种：IFA天线、单极天线、环形天线。Wherein, the first antenna and the second antenna are at least one of the following: an IFA antenna, a monopole antenna, and a loop antenna.
一种终端，包括多个天线结构，所述天线结构包括至少一个如本申请任一实施例所述的天线结构。A terminal includes multiple antenna structures, and the antenna structure includes at least one antenna structure as described in any embodiment of the present application.
其中，所述天线结构为四个，分别设置于所述终端的主板的四侧。Wherein, there are four antenna structures, which are respectively disposed on the four sides of the main board of the terminal.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1为本申请一实施例中已知的终端的天线布局示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna layout of a terminal known in an embodiment of this application;
图2为本申请另一实施例中天线结构的示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in another embodiment of this application;
图3为本申请又一实施例中天线结构的示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in yet another embodiment of this application;
图4为本申请再一实施例中天线结构的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in still another embodiment of this application;
图5为本申请一实施例中终端的天线布局示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna layout of a terminal in an embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请一实施例中隔离度指标提升前后的对比示意图。FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram before and after the isolation index is improved in an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合说明书附图及具体实施例对本申请技术方案做详细阐述。除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present application. The terminology used in the specification of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
对本申请实施例进行详细说明之前，对本申请实施例中主要涉及的名词和术语进行说明，本申请实施例中涉及的名词和术语适用于如下的解释。Before describing the embodiments of the present application in detail, the terms and terms mainly involved in the embodiments of the present application are described. The terms and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to the following explanation.
1)隔离度(S12)，是指一个天线发射信号，通过另外一天线接收的信号与该发射天线信号的比值。1) Isolation (S12) refers to the ratio of the signal transmitted by one antenna and the signal received by another antenna to the signal of this transmitting antenna.
2)输入回波损耗(S11)，是指入射功率的一部分被反射回信号源的性能的参数。2) Input return loss (S11) refers to the parameter of the performance where part of the incident power is reflected back to the signal source.
3)散射系数(Scattering parameters)，S参数即散射参数，用于评估待测物发射信号和传送信号的性能。其中，S参数主要包括输入回波损耗S11和隔离度S12。3) Scattering parameters (Scattering parameters), S-parameters are scattering parameters, used to evaluate the performance of the signal emitted and transmitted by the object to be measured. Among them, S parameters mainly include input return loss S11 and isolation S12.
4)多入多出(MIMO)，是指在发射端和接收端分别使用多个发射天线和接收天线，使信号通过发射端与接收端的多个天线传送和接收。4) Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) refers to the use of multiple transmit antennas and receive antennas at the transmitter and receiver, respectively, to transmit and receive signals through multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver.
5)频段(band)，指的是电磁波的频率范围，单位为Hz，按照频率的大小，可以分为如下几种。5) Band (band) refers to the frequency range of electromagnetic waves, the unit is Hz, according to the size of the frequency, it can be divided into the following types.
甚低频(VLF)3kHz～30kHz，对应电磁波的波长为甚长波100km～10km。Very low frequency (VLF) 3kHz ~ 30kHz, the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is very long wave 100km ~ 10km.
低频(LF)30kHz～300kHz，对应电磁波的波长为长波10km～1km。Low frequency (LF) 30kHz ~ 300kHz, the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is long wave 10km ~ 1km.
中频(MF)300kHz～3000kHz，对应电磁波的波长为中波1000m～100m。The intermediate frequency (MF) is 300kHz to 3000kHz, and the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is medium wave 1000m to 100m.
高频(HF)3MHz～30MHz，对应电磁波的波长为短波100m～10m。High frequency (HF) 3MHz ~ 30MHz, the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is short wave 100m ~ 10m.
甚高频(VHF)30MHz～300MHz，对应电磁波的波长为米波10m～1m。Very high frequency (VHF) 30MHz ~ 300MHz, the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is 10m ~ 1m.
特高频(UHF)300MHz～3000MHz，对应电磁波的波长为分米波100cm～10cm。Ultra high frequency (UHF) 300MHz ~ 3000MHz, the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is decimeter wave 100cm ~ 10cm.
超高频(SHF)3GHz～30GHz，对应电磁波的波长为厘米波10cm～1cm。Ultra high frequency (SHF) 3GHz ~ 30GHz, the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is 10cm ~ 1cm in centimeter wave.
极高频(EHF)30GHz～300GHz，对应电磁波的波长为毫米波10mm～ 1mm。The extremely high frequency (EHF) is 30 GHz to 300 GHz, and the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is 10 mm to 1 mm in millimeter wave.
至高频300GHz～3000GHz，对应电磁波的波长为丝米波1mm～0.1mm。Up to high frequency 300GHz ～ 3000GHz, the wavelength of the corresponding electromagnetic wave is Simi wave 1mm ～ 0.1mm.
6)增益(dB)，在输入功率相等的条件下，实际天线与理想的辐射单元在空间同一点处所产生的信号的功率密度之比。6) Gain (dB), under the condition that the input power is equal, the ratio of the power density of the signal generated by the actual antenna and the ideal radiating unit at the same point in space.
如图1所示，在一个实施例中，提供一种已知终端的天线布局示意图，目前，已知的终端产品在其周边布局多个天线结构，包括MIMO天线、主、分集天线和Wifi天线，该终端通常是指第五代移动通信网络(5G)终端。如图1所示，MIMO天线包括MIMO#1、MIMO#2、MIMO#3、MIMO#4、MIMO#5、MIMO#6，WiFi天线包括Wifi1、Wifi2，主、分集天线包括Main1、Main2、Diversity。在该终端的天线设计中，为了提升隔离度指标的提升，主要依靠以下方面措施。As shown in FIG. 1, in one embodiment, a schematic diagram of an antenna layout of a known terminal is provided. Currently, known terminal products have multiple antenna structures around their periphery, including a MIMO antenna, a main antenna, a diversity antenna, and a Wifi antenna , The terminal usually refers to the fifth generation mobile communication network (5G) terminal. As shown in Figure 1, MIMO antennas include MIMO # 1, MIMO # 2, MIMO # 3, MIMO # 4, MIMO # 5, MIMO # 6, WiFi antennas include Wifi1, Wifi2, and main and diversity antennas include Main1, Main2, Diversity . In the antenna design of the terminal, in order to improve the improvement of the isolation index, it mainly relies on the following measures.
1、增加两天线之间的物理尺寸。1. Increase the physical size between the two antennas.
2、两相邻天线采用不同的天线形式，如IFA天线、单级天线和环形天线等。2. Two adjacent antennas adopt different antenna forms, such as IFA antenna, single-stage antenna and loop antenna.
3、两天线馈点及辐射体正交垂直放置。3. The feed points of the two antennas and the radiator are placed orthogonally and vertically.
4、主板上两天线馈点之间增加缝隙。4. Increase the gap between the two antenna feed points on the motherboard.
5、降低某一个天线的辐射效率。5. Reduce the radiation efficiency of a certain antenna.
然而，发明人在研究中发现，以上措施在5G终端中依然存在以下问题。However, the inventor found in the research that the above measures still have the following problems in 5G terminals.
针对第1点，增加两天线之间的距离。该措施受净空面积影响较大，由于5G都对应较高的频段，因此在天线布局时不会给出较大的天线净空用来保证天线辐射效率，同时还有足够的距离保证两天线之间的隔离度指标。另外，从图1中看到，整个天线布局都是两两相接的，如果天线MIMO1和MIMO2之间距离增大，则必然会导致MIMO1和Main2之间及MIMO2和Wifi1之间的距离减小，同样会导致其隔离度变差，因此在5G终端天线布局中，依靠增加两天线间距离的措施不能很好地解决隔离度问题。For point 1, increase the distance between the two antennas. This measure is greatly affected by the headroom area. Since 5G corresponds to a higher frequency band, a larger antenna headroom will not be given in the antenna layout to ensure antenna radiation efficiency, and there is enough distance to ensure that the two antennas are between Isolation index. In addition, as can be seen from Figure 1, the entire antenna layout is connected in pairs. If the distance between the antennas MIMO1 and MIMO2 increases, it will inevitably lead to a decrease in the distance between MIMO1 and Main2 and between MIMO2 and Wifi1 , It will also lead to poor isolation, so in the 5G terminal antenna layout, relying on measures to increase the distance between the two antennas can not solve the isolation problem well.
针对第2点，两相邻天线采用不同的天线形式。该措施在前期验证，隔离度提升效果不是非常明显，在前期隔离度措施验证时，以band 41频段(对应是指2496～2690MHz)为基础，分别验证了两个单极天线，一个单极天线和一个IFA天线，一个单极天线和一个环形天线之间的隔离度，其中两个单极天线之间的隔离度-10dB，一个单极天线和一个IFA天线之间隔离度-12dB，一个单极天线和一个环形天线之间隔离度-11dB。从验证情况看，隔离度提升效果不明显。For the second point, two adjacent antennas adopt different antenna forms. This measure was verified in the early stage, and the isolation improvement effect was not very obvious. During the previous period of isolation measure verification, two monopole antennas and one monopole antenna were verified based on the band 41 (corresponding to 2496 ～ 2690MHz). And an IFA antenna, a monopole antenna and a loop antenna, the isolation between two monopole antennas is -10dB, the isolation between a monopole antenna and an IFA antenna is -12dB, and a single The isolation between the polar antenna and a loop antenna is -11dB. From the verification situation, the isolation improvement effect is not obvious.
针对第3点，两天线馈点及辐射体正交放置。该措施主要受天线空间及布局的影响较大，如图1所示很多MIMO天线都处于终端侧边，无法实现天线正交放置。For point 3, the feed points of the two antennas and the radiator are placed orthogonally. This measure is mainly affected by the space and layout of the antenna. As shown in Figure 1, many MIMO antennas are on the side of the terminal, and orthogonal placement of the antennas cannot be achieved.
针对第4点，主板上两天线馈点之间增加缝隙。该措施在无源光板治具验证时，效果明显，但考虑到最终终端设计实际，主板上开缝的措施会导致射频基带等电路设计无法实现，因此该措施不能运用到实际设计中。For the fourth point, increase the gap between the two antenna feed points on the motherboard. This measure has obvious effect when the passive light board fixture is verified, but considering the actual terminal design, the measure of slotting on the main board will cause the circuit design of RF baseband and other circuits to be unrealized, so this measure cannot be applied to the actual design.
针对第5点，降低某一个天线的辐射效率。该措施主要是在4G终端设计时，为了减小分集天线对主天线的干扰，适当降低分集天线效率，确保主天线辐射达标而采取的权宜措施，但是对MIMO天线***来说，并不区分主、分集天线，因此，就要求每个天线的辐射效率均达到最佳，以防止MIMO天线之间辐射效率相差较大，也将势必影响终端的上行和下载速率。For the fifth point, reduce the radiation efficiency of a certain antenna. This measure is mainly used in the design of 4G terminals, in order to reduce the interference of the diversity antenna to the main antenna, appropriately reduce the efficiency of the diversity antenna, and ensure that the radiation of the main antenna meets the expedient measures. However, for the MIMO antenna system, the main antenna is not distinguished. , Diversity antennas, therefore, the radiation efficiency of each antenna is required to be the best to prevent the difference in radiation efficiency between MIMO antennas, which will inevitably affect the uplink and download rates of the terminal.
为了能够解决上述已知的天线布局中存在的问题，如图2所示，本申请实施例提供一种天线结构，该天线结构包括第一天线10和第二天线20；连接于所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20之间的去耦合网络30，所述去耦合网络30包括至少一导电型贴片31，所述导电型贴片31由导电材料制成，包括呈环形的本体及设置于所述本体上的缺口310。In order to solve the problems in the above known antenna layout, as shown in FIG. 2, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure including a first antenna 10 and a second antenna 20; connected to the first A decoupling network 30 between the antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, the decoupling network 30 includes at least one conductive patch 31, the conductive patch 31 is made of a conductive material, including a ring-shaped body And a notch 310 provided on the body.
上述实施例所提供的天线结构及终端，该去耦合网络30可以形成第一天线10和第二天线20之间的电流耦合路径，由于导电型贴片31的本体上设置有缺口310，去耦合网络30包括位于导电型贴片31的缺口310的一侧与第一天线10之间的第一电流路径和位于导电型贴片31的缺口310的 另一侧与第二天线20之间的第二电流路径，第一电流路径和第二电流路径的表面电流的相位相反，两部分的电流路径的耦合电流达到抵消中和，从而可以有效降低相邻天线之间的天线耦合度，在不需要增加第一天线10和第二天线20之间的物理尺寸的前提下，有效地提升了第一天线10和第二天线20之间的隔离度。With the antenna structure and terminal provided in the above embodiment, the decoupling network 30 can form a current coupling path between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20. Since the body of the conductive patch 31 is provided with a notch 310, the coupling is decoupled The network 30 includes a first current path between one side of the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 and the first antenna 10 and a first current path between the other side of the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 and the second antenna 20 Two current paths, the surface currents of the first current path and the second current path are opposite in phase, and the coupling currents of the two parts of the current path are neutralized, which can effectively reduce the antenna coupling between adjacent antennas. On the premise of increasing the physical size between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is effectively improved.
其中，该导电型贴片31的数量可以是一个、两个或者其它多个。每一导电型贴片31均呈对称结构，包括位于缺口310一侧的第一贴片部及位于缺口310另一侧的第二贴片部。该去耦合网络30还包括将所述导电型贴片31与第一天线10和第二天线20连接的中和线320，第一贴片部通过中和线320与第一天线10连接，第二贴片部通过中和线320与第二天线20连接。如图3所示，该导电型贴片31的数量为两个，通过中和线320相互串联连接形成单列的去耦合支路，连接于两个导电型贴片31之间的中和线320的中点位于该天线结构的对称中心线HH上。采用该单列去耦支路的去耦合网络30，可以通过改变导电型贴片31的数量而针对某一个特定的频段进行滤波设计。The number of the conductive patch 31 may be one, two or more. Each conductive patch 31 has a symmetrical structure, including a first patch portion located on one side of the notch 310 and a second patch portion located on the other side of the notch 310. The decoupling network 30 further includes a neutralization line 320 connecting the conductive patch 31 to the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20. The first patch part is connected to the first antenna 10 through the neutralization line 320. The second patch part is connected to the second antenna 20 through a neutral line 320. As shown in FIG. 3, the number of the conductive patches 31 is two, and the neutralizing lines 320 are connected in series to form a single-row decoupling branch, and are connected to the neutralizing line 320 between the two conductive patches 31. The midpoint of is on the symmetric center line HH of the antenna structure. Using the decoupling network 30 of the single-row decoupling branch, the filter design can be performed for a specific frequency band by changing the number of conductive patches 31.
其中，所述去耦合网络30包括至少两条去耦支路，每一去耦支路上设置有至少一所述导电型贴片31，所述至少两条去耦支路并联连接分别形成第一端点330和第二端点340，所述第一端点330与所述第一天线10连接，所述第二端点340与所述第二天线20连接，所述去耦合网络30相对于所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20之间的对称中心线HH呈对称结构。这里，每一去耦支路包括导电型贴片31及将所述导电型贴片31分别与所述第一天线10和第二天线20连接的中和线320。所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20沿对称中心线HH呈对称状态，包括该去耦合网络30的天线结构的整体相对于该对称中心线HH同样呈对称状态，该去耦合网络30的功能类似于一个宽带滤波器，两个天线之间相互耦合出来的电磁波在经过滤波网络结构时，可以有效地被滤除，从而有效地提升天线之间的隔离度。其中，通过调节去耦支路的数量和所述去耦支路中导电型贴片31的数量，可以调节 去耦合网络30的滤波频段，去耦合网络30可以根据实际工作频段，通过改变去耦合支路的数量和所述去耦合支路中的导电型贴片31的数量进行优化调整。Wherein, the decoupling network 30 includes at least two decoupling branches, each decoupling branch is provided with at least one conductive patch 31, and the at least two decoupling branches are connected in parallel to form a first End point 330 and second end point 340, the first end point 330 is connected to the first antenna 10, the second end point 340 is connected to the second antenna 20, and the decoupling network 30 is relative to the The symmetric center line HH between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 has a symmetric structure. Here, each decoupling branch includes a conductive patch 31 and a neutral line 320 connecting the conductive patch 31 and the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, respectively. The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are in a symmetrical state along the symmetric centerline HH, and the entire antenna structure including the decoupling network 30 is also in a symmetrical state relative to the symmetrical centerline HH. The decoupling network 30 The function is similar to a broadband filter. The electromagnetic waves coupled between the two antennas can be effectively filtered out when passing through the filter network structure, thereby effectively improving the isolation between the antennas. Wherein, by adjusting the number of decoupling branches and the number of conductive patches 31 in the decoupling branches, the filtering frequency band of the decoupling network 30 can be adjusted. The decoupling network 30 can be decoupled by changing the actual working frequency band by changing The number of branches and the number of conductive patches 31 in the decoupling branches are optimized and adjusted.
其中，如图4所示，所述去耦支路包括第一去耦支路和第二去耦支路，所述第一去耦支路上设置有一个导电型贴片31，所述第二去耦支路上设置有两个所述导电型贴片31。这里，第一去耦支路和第二去耦支路之间并联连接，第一去耦支路的导电型贴片31和第二去耦支路的导电型贴片31呈品字型排列，使得去耦合网络30相对于第一天线10和第二天线20之间的对称中心线HH呈对称状态。其中，第一去耦支路和第二去耦支路分别包括不同数量的导电型贴片31，以分别实现不同频段的滤波。As shown in FIG. 4, the decoupling branch includes a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch. A conductive patch 31 is provided on the first decoupling branch, and the second Two conductive patches 31 are provided on the decoupling branch. Here, the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch are connected in parallel, and the conductive patch 31 of the first decoupling branch and the conductive patch 31 of the second decoupling branch are arranged in a zigzag pattern So that the decoupling network 30 is in a symmetrical state with respect to the symmetric center line HH between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20. Wherein, the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch respectively include different numbers of conductive patches 31 to respectively implement filtering in different frequency bands.
其中，如图5所示，所述去耦支路包括第一去耦支路、第二去耦支路和第三去耦支路，所述第一去耦支路上设置有一个所述导电型贴片31，所述第二去耦支路上设置有两个所述导电型贴片31，所述第三去耦支路上设置有一个所述导电型贴片31，所述第一去耦支路和所述第三去耦支路分别位于所述第二去耦支路的相对两侧，所述第三去耦支路上的所述导电型贴片31的缺口310朝向与所述第一去耦支路上的所述导电型贴片31的缺口310朝向相反。这里，去耦合网络30相对于第一天线10和第二天线20之间的对称中心线HH整体呈对称状态，且第三去耦支路和第一去耦支路相对于所述第二去耦支路呈对称状态，第一去耦支路和第二去耦支路分别包括不同数量的导电型贴片31，第一去耦支路和第三去耦支路中导电型贴片31的数量相同且缺口朝向相反，通过增加去耦支路的数量，可以拓宽滤波频带。Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5, the decoupling branch includes a first decoupling branch, a second decoupling branch, and a third decoupling branch, and the first decoupling branch is provided with one of the conductive Type patch 31, two conductive type patches 31 are provided on the second decoupling branch, one conductive type patch 31 is provided on the third decoupling branch, and the first decoupling The branch and the third decoupling branch are respectively located on opposite sides of the second decoupling branch. The notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 on the third decoupling branch faces the third The notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 on a decoupling branch faces in the opposite direction. Here, the decoupling network 30 is in a symmetrical state with respect to the symmetric center line HH between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, and the third decoupling branch and the first decoupling branch are relative to the second decoupling branch. The coupling branch is in a symmetrical state, the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch respectively include different numbers of conductive patches 31, and the first decoupling branch and the third decoupling branch have conductive patches 31 The number of is the same and the gap is in the opposite direction. By increasing the number of decoupling branches, the filtering frequency band can be widened.
其中，所述导电型贴片31的本体的形状可以为如下之一：圆环形、矩形或者其它的几何形状。请再次参阅图2至图4，导电型贴片31的本体均为矩形，缺口310设置于矩形的长边的中央，任一去耦支路中，中和线320分别与导电型贴片31的两个短边连接。其中，当该天线结构设置于终端的周边时，靠近该终端的边缘的去耦支路中的导电型贴片31的缺口310的方向均朝向终端的边缘方向。The shape of the body of the conductive patch 31 may be one of the following: a circular ring, a rectangle, or other geometric shapes. Please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 again, the body of the conductive patch 31 is rectangular, and the notch 310 is disposed in the center of the long side of the rectangle. In any decoupling branch, the neutralization line 320 is respectively connected to the conductive patch 31 The two short sides are connected. When the antenna structure is disposed around the terminal, the direction of the notch 310 of the conductive patch 31 in the decoupling branch near the edge of the terminal is all toward the edge direction of the terminal.
其中，所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20为多入多出MIMO天线，所述第一天线10包括与所述去耦合网络30的一端连接的第一连接臂11，所述第二天线20包括与所述去耦合网络30的另一端连接的第二连接臂21，所述第一连接臂11和所述第二连接臂21由导电材料制成。这里，为了便于去耦合网络30的灵活布置时，实现第一天线10和第二天线20与所述去耦合网络30之间的连接，第一天线10和第二天线20分别包括朝向所述去耦合网络30所在位置的方向延伸形成的由导电材料制成的第一连接臂11和第二连接臂21。该第一天线10和第二天线20可以是支架天线，与可以印刷天线(PCB形式天线)。本申请实施例中，所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20分别为MIMO天线，该天线结构为MIMO天线结构，第一连接臂11和第二连接臂21分别呈L型，其宽度与中和线320的宽度大致相等，便于第一连接臂11和第二连接臂21在端部的位置与对应的中和线320之间通过焊接连接。The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are multiple input multiple output MIMO antennas. The first antenna 10 includes a first connecting arm 11 connected to one end of the decoupling network 30. The second antenna 20 includes a second connection arm 21 connected to the other end of the decoupling network 30. The first connection arm 11 and the second connection arm 21 are made of a conductive material. Here, in order to facilitate the flexible arrangement of the decoupling network 30, the connection between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 and the decoupling network 30 is achieved. The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 include A first connecting arm 11 and a second connecting arm 21 made of conductive material and extending in the direction of the coupling network 30 are located. The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 may be a bracket antenna, and a printed antenna (PCB antenna) may be used. In the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are respectively MIMO antennas, the antenna structure is a MIMO antenna structure, and the first connecting arm 11 and the second connecting arm 21 are respectively L-shaped, and their widths The width of the neutralization line 320 is substantially equal, which facilitates the connection between the first connection arm 11 and the second connection arm 21 at the ends and the corresponding neutralization line 320 by welding.
其中，所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20分别包括馈电点，所述第一连接臂11从所述第一天线10的第一馈电点13向所述去耦合网络30的一端延伸形成，所述第二连接臂21从所述第二天线20的第二馈电点23向所述去耦合网络30的另一端延伸形成。这里，馈电点是指天线与电缆的接口位置，进入天线的无线电波，到达馈电点时，有波峰，有波谷，也可能有波峰与波谷之间的任一位置，在不同的位置馈电点所表现出来的阻抗是不同的，通过合理设置馈电点的位置，且第一连接臂11从第一天线10的第一馈电点13的位置向外延伸形成，第二连接臂21从第二天线20的第二馈电点23的位置向外延伸形成，可以确保第一连接臂11和第二连接臂21分别与第一天线10和第二天线20的馈电点连接的位置所呈现的阻抗相同，去耦合网络30连接于第一天线10和第二天线20之间形成电流耦合路径，其中，去耦合网络30位于对称中心线HH与第一天线10之间的第一电流路径和位于对称中心线HH与第二天线20之间的第二电流路径的表面电流的相位相反，从而，两部分电流耦合路径之间的耦合电流可以抵消中和，达到降低天线耦 合度的目的，使得特定频段的电磁波无法通过。Wherein, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 respectively include feeding points, and the first connecting arm 11 goes from the first feeding point 13 of the first antenna 10 to the decoupling network 30 One end extends and the second connecting arm 21 extends from the second feeding point 23 of the second antenna 20 to the other end of the decoupling network 30. Here, the feed point refers to the position of the interface between the antenna and the cable. When the radio wave entering the antenna reaches the feed point, there is a peak, a valley, or there may be any position between the peak and the valley, feeding at a different position The electrical point exhibits different impedances. By reasonably setting the position of the feeding point, and the first connecting arm 11 extends outward from the position of the first feeding point 13 of the first antenna 10, the second connecting arm 21 It extends outward from the position of the second feeding point 23 of the second antenna 20 to ensure the position where the first connecting arm 11 and the second connecting arm 21 are connected to the feeding points of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, respectively The impedances presented are the same, the decoupling network 30 is connected between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 to form a current coupling path, wherein the decoupling network 30 is located at the first current between the symmetric center line HH and the first antenna 10 The path and the surface current of the second current path between the symmetric center line HH and the second antenna 20 have opposite phases, so that the coupling current between the two parts of the current coupling path can cancel the neutralization and reduce the antenna coupling. , Making electromagnetic waves in specific frequency bands impossible to pass.
其中，所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20还分别包括PCB表层的地平面40、位于PCB净空区域的辐射体及馈电线，所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20呈对称分布。这里，第一天线10的第一辐射体15可以是指低频天线的金属走线，第二天线20的第二辐射体25可以是指高频天线的金属走线，金属走线可以由单个连续的金属走线沟通，也可以由多个分隔的金属走线构成，其中对应的第一天线10或第二天线20中，金属走线、馈电线分别与对应的馈电点电连接。所述第一天线10和第二天线20可以共用PCB表层的地平面40。Wherein, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 further include a ground plane 40 on the surface layer of the PCB, a radiator and a feeder located in the clearance area of the PCB, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are Symmetrically distributed. Here, the first radiator 15 of the first antenna 10 may refer to the metal trace of the low-frequency antenna, and the second radiator 25 of the second antenna 20 may refer to the metal trace of the high-frequency antenna. The metal trace may be composed of a single continuous The communication of the metal traces may also be composed of a plurality of separated metal traces. In the corresponding first antenna 10 or second antenna 20, the metal traces and the feeder wires are electrically connected to the corresponding feed points, respectively. The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 may share the ground plane 40 of the PCB surface layer.
净空，指的是天线竖直面投影区域内的空旷面积(上下范围都要考虑)。在天线的投影区域范围内，不要铺地(尤其是板载天线)，保持天线的净空，以提高天线的辐射效率。其中，所述净空区域的尺寸为10mm*40mm，所述第一天线10的第一馈电点13与所述第二天线20的第二馈电点23之间的距离为20mm。这里，天线净空面积仅需满足辐射天线需要即可，无需要求新的天线净空，结合天线的净空区域的尺寸合理设置馈电点的位置，确保第一连接臂11和第二连接臂21分别与第一天线10和第二天线20的馈电点连接的位置所呈现的阻抗相同，去耦合网络30位于对称中心线HH与第一天线10之间的部分和位于对称中心线HH与第二天线20之间的部分的表面电流的相位相反，从而，两部分电流耦合路径之间的耦合电流可以抵消中和，可以达到降低天线耦合度的目的，使得特定频段的电磁波无法通过。Clearance refers to the open area in the vertical projection area of the antenna (both the upper and lower ranges must be considered). Within the projection area of the antenna, do not lay the ground (especially the on-board antenna), and keep the clear space of the antenna to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The size of the clearance area is 10 mm * 40 mm, and the distance between the first feeding point 13 of the first antenna 10 and the second feeding point 23 of the second antenna 20 is 20 mm. Here, the antenna clearing area only needs to meet the requirements of the radiating antenna, and no new antenna clearing is required. The position of the feeding point is reasonably set in accordance with the size of the antenna clearing area to ensure that the first connecting arm 11 and the second connecting arm 21 are The feed points of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 exhibit the same impedance, and the decoupling network 30 is located between the symmetric center line HH and the first antenna 10 and the symmetric center line HH and the second antenna The surface currents of the parts between 20 are opposite in phase, so that the coupling current between the two parts of the current coupling path can cancel the neutralization, and the purpose of reducing the antenna coupling degree can be achieved, so that electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band cannot pass.
其中，所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20分别为如下至少一种：IFA天线、单极天线、环形天线。本申请实施例中，第一天线10和第二天线20的类型不限于某一种相同的类型，而可以是不同的天线类型中的一种或者多种的组合，该第一天线10和第二天线20优选为同频段天线。如，第一天线10和第二天线20为2.7Ghz-5.1Ghz天线，第一天线10和第二天线20之间的耦合可以降低10-15dB左右。The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are at least one of the following: an IFA antenna, a monopole antenna, and a loop antenna. In the embodiment of the present application, the types of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are not limited to a certain same type, but may be one or a combination of multiple types of different antennas. The second antenna 20 is preferably an antenna of the same frequency band. For example, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are 2.7Ghz-5.1Ghz antennas, and the coupling between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can be reduced by about 10-15 dB.
本申请实施例还提供一种终端，该终端包括本申请任一实施例(如 图2-图4所示)所提供的天线结构。所述天线结构可以设置于终端的主板80的任一侧面或者分别设置于所述主板80的多个侧面，如天线结构可以设置于主板80的顶端、底端和/或侧面。An embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal including the antenna structure provided in any embodiment of the present application (as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4). The antenna structure may be provided on any side of the main board 80 of the terminal or on multiple sides of the main board 80 respectively. For example, the antenna structure may be provided on the top, bottom, and / or side of the main board 80.
如图5所述，所述天线结构为四个，分别设置于所述终端的主板80的四个侧面，所述主板的尺寸为40mm*40mm。这里，针对主板80的尺寸为40mm*40mm空间上设计了四个天线结构，共同形成8天线阵列，每一侧的天线结构中，去耦合网络中靠近终端周缘的导电型贴片的缺口朝向均朝向该对应的终端周缘。在不改变天线布局的前提下，通过于相邻的两天线之间设置去耦合网络30，通过去耦合网络30形成为对应的两天线之间的电流耦合路径，从而通过优化天线走线，提升了天线之间的隔离度。As shown in FIG. 5, there are four antenna structures, which are respectively disposed on the four sides of the main board 80 of the terminal, and the size of the main board is 40 mm * 40 mm. Here, four antenna structures are designed for the space of the main board 80 with a size of 40mm * 40mm, which together form an 8-antenna array. In the antenna structure on each side, the gap of the conductive patch near the periphery of the terminal in the decoupling network is evenly oriented. Towards the periphery of the corresponding terminal. Without changing the antenna layout, by setting a decoupling network 30 between the two adjacent antennas, the decoupling network 30 forms a current coupling path between the corresponding two antennas, thereby improving the antenna routing to improve The isolation between the antennas.
本申请实施例中，天线结构包括连接于第一天线10和第二天线20之间的去耦合网络30，所述去耦合网络30包括至少一导电型贴片31，其中导电型贴片31由导电材料制成，包括呈环形的本体及设置于所述本体上的缺口310，该去耦合网络30形成第一天线10和第二天线20之间的电流耦合路径，由于导电型贴片31上设置有缺口310，从而去耦合网络30于对称中心线HH与第一天线10之间的部分的电流路径和于对称中心线HH与第二天线20之间的部分的电流路径的电流相位相反，两部分的电流路径的耦合电流达到抵消中和，从而可以有效降低相邻天线之间的天线耦合度，在不需要增加第一天线10和第二天线20之间的物理尺寸的前提下，有效地提高了第一天线10和第二天线20之间的隔离度。In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure includes a decoupling network 30 connected between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20. The decoupling network 30 includes at least one conductive patch 31, wherein the conductive patch 31 is composed of Made of conductive material, including a ring-shaped body and a notch 310 provided on the body, the decoupling network 30 forms a current coupling path between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20, due to the conductive patch 31 The notch 310 is provided so that the current path of the portion of the decoupling network 30 between the symmetric center line HH and the first antenna 10 and the portion of the current path between the symmetric center line HH and the second antenna 20 are opposite in phase, The coupling current of the two parts of the current path is offset and neutralized, which can effectively reduce the degree of antenna coupling between adjacent antennas, without increasing the physical size between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20. The isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is improved.
请结合参阅图6，以第一天线10和第二天线20的工作频段为SUB6G频段，其中band 41:2496～2690MHz；n77:3300～4200MHz；n78:3300～3800MHz；n79:4400～5000MHz为例，第一天线10和第二天线20为走线形式完全相同的单极天线，且第一天线10和第二天线20的辐射体工作频段相同，在不采用本申请实施例所提供的天线结构时，隔离度S12指标经过验证在-6dB。而采用本申请实施例所提供的天线结构，经测试隔离度S12指标全部在-15dB以下，满足实际工程需要。从工作频段看，所述第一 天线10和第二天线20的辐射体的工作频段覆盖n77、n78、n79三个频段，天线覆盖的带宽较宽，本申请实施例提供的天线结构在具体应用时，可以先调试两个天线的效率，保证效率在45％以上的前提下，再优化隔离度指标；或者，可以先调试两个天线的效率，再于同频的相邻天线之间加入本申请实施例提供去耦合网络，再结合天线效率和隔离度指标进行共同优化。由于是在不改变原有布局的前提下，通过增设于第一天线10和第二天线20之间的去耦合网络30来提升天线隔离度指标，从而，本申请实施例所提供的天线结构尤其适用于天线之间相距较近、布置较密的5G终端类产品，如此，无需在主板80上开缝、无需为了提升隔离度而增大两天线之间的距离、无需布置复杂的电路更改两天线之间的平衡线点长度而提升隔离度，也不会对整体布局产生影响。Please refer to FIG. 6 together, taking the operating frequency band of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 as the SUB6G frequency band, in which the band 41: 2496-2690MHz; n77: 3300-4200MHz; n78: 3300-3800MHz; n79: 4400-5000MHz as an example , The first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are monopole antennas with the same wiring form, and the working frequency bands of the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are the same, so the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of the present application is not used At the time, the isolation S12 index was verified at -6dB. With the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application, the tested isolation S12 indexes are all below -15dB, which meets the actual engineering needs. From the perspective of working frequency bands, the working frequency bands of the radiators of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 cover three frequency bands n77, n78, and n79, and the antenna covers a wider bandwidth. The antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application has specific applications. When the efficiency of the two antennas can be debugged, the isolation index can be optimized under the premise that the efficiency is above 45%; or, the efficiency of the two antennas can be debugged first, and then add this between adjacent antennas of the same frequency The embodiments of the application provide a decoupling network, and then jointly optimize the antenna efficiency and isolation index. Since the decoupling network 30 between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is added to improve the antenna isolation index without changing the original layout, the antenna structure provided by the embodiments of the present application is especially It is suitable for 5G terminal products that are close to each other and densely arranged. Thus, there is no need to slit the main board 80, no need to increase the distance between the two antennas in order to improve isolation, no need to arrange complex circuits to change the two The length of the balanced line points between the antennas to improve the isolation will not affect the overall layout.
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围以准。The above is only the specific implementation of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application. It should be covered by the scope of protection of this application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (12)

  1. 一种天线结构，其特征在于，包括：An antenna structure, characterized in that it includes:
    第一天线和第二天线；The first antenna and the second antenna;
    连接于所述第一天线和所述第二天线之间的去耦合网络，所述去耦合网络包括至少一导电型贴片，所述导电型贴片由导电材料制成，包括呈环形的本体及设置于所述本体上的缺口。A decoupling network connected between the first antenna and the second antenna, the decoupling network includes at least one conductive patch, the conductive patch is made of a conductive material, and includes a ring-shaped body And a gap provided on the body.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述去耦合网络包括至少两条去耦支路，每一去耦支路上设置有至少一所述导电型贴片，所述至少两条去耦支路并联连接分别形成第一端点和第二端点，所述第一端点与所述第一天线连接，所述第二端点与所述第二天线连接，所述去耦合网络相对于所述第一天线和所述第二天线之间的对称中心线呈对称状态。The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the decoupling network includes at least two decoupling branches, each decoupling branch is provided with at least one conductive patch, and the at least two The decoupling branches are connected in parallel to form a first endpoint and a second endpoint, the first endpoint is connected to the first antenna, the second endpoint is connected to the second antenna, and the decoupling network is opposite The center line of symmetry between the first antenna and the second antenna is in a symmetrical state.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述去耦支路包括第一去耦支路和第二去耦支路，所述第一去耦支路上设置有一个所述导电型贴片，所述第二去耦支路上设置有两个所述导电型贴片。The antenna structure according to claim 2, wherein the decoupling branch includes a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch, and the first decoupling branch is provided with one of the conductivity types For patches, two conductive patches are provided on the second decoupling branch.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述去耦支路还包括第三去耦支路，所述第三去耦支路上设置有一个所述导电型贴片，所述第三去耦支路上的所述导电型贴片的缺口朝向与所述第一去耦支路上的所述导电型贴片的缺口朝向相反。The antenna structure according to claim 3, wherein the decoupling branch further includes a third decoupling branch, and the third decoupling branch is provided with the conductive patch, the first The notch of the conductive patch on the three decoupling branches is opposite to the notch of the conductive patch on the first decoupling branch.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述导电型贴片的本体的形状为如下之一：圆环形、矩形。The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the body of the conductive patch is one of the following: circular ring, rectangular.
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一天线和所述第二天线为多入多出MIMO天线，所述第一天线包括与所述去耦合网络的一端连接的第一连接臂，所述第二天线包括与所述去耦合网络的另一端连接的第二连接臂，所述第一连接臂和所述第二连接臂由导电材料制成。The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are multiple-input multiple-output MIMO antennas, and the first antenna includes decoupling from the A first connection arm connected to one end of the network, the second antenna includes a second connection arm connected to the other end of the decoupling network, the first connection arm and the second connection arm are made of a conductive material .
  7. 如权利要求6所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一天线和所述第二天线分别包括馈电点，所述第一连接臂从所述第一天线的馈电点向所述去耦合网络的一端延伸形成，所述第二连接臂从所述第二天线的馈电点向所述去耦合网络的另一端延伸形成。The antenna structure according to claim 6, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna each include a feeding point, and the first connecting arm extends from the feeding point of the first antenna toward the One end of the decoupling network extends, and the second connecting arm extends from the feeding point of the second antenna to the other end of the decoupling network.
  8. 如权利要求7所述天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一天线和所述第二天 线还分别包括PCB表层的地平面、位于PCB净空区域的辐射体及馈电线，所述第一天线和所述第二天线呈对称分布。The antenna structure according to claim 7, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna further comprise a ground plane on the surface layer of the PCB, a radiator and a feeder located in the clearance area of the PCB, The second antennas are symmetrically distributed.
  9. 如权利要求8所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述净空区域的尺寸为10mm*40mm，所述第一天线的馈电点与所述第二天线的馈电点之间的距离为20mm。The antenna structure according to claim 8, wherein the size of the clearance area is 10mm * 40mm, and the distance between the feeding point of the first antenna and the feeding point of the second antenna is 20mm .
  10. 如权利要求6所述的天线结构，其特征在于，所述第一天线和所述第二天线分别为如下至少一种：IFA天线、单极天线、环形天线。The antenna structure according to claim 6, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are at least one of the following: an IFA antenna, a monopole antenna, and a loop antenna.
  11. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括至少一个如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的天线结构。A terminal, characterized by comprising at least one antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-10.
  12. 如权利要求11所述终端，其特征在于，所述天线结构为四个，分别设置于所述终端的主板的四侧。The terminal according to claim 11, wherein the antenna structure is four, which are respectively disposed on four sides of the main board of the terminal.
PCT/CN2019/111782 2018-11-02 2019-10-17 Antenna structure and terminal WO2020088264A1 (en)

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