WO2020088130A1 - 一种基于区块链的财产执行方法及*** - Google Patents

一种基于区块链的财产执行方法及*** Download PDF

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WO2020088130A1
WO2020088130A1 PCT/CN2019/105999 CN2019105999W WO2020088130A1 WO 2020088130 A1 WO2020088130 A1 WO 2020088130A1 CN 2019105999 W CN2019105999 W CN 2019105999W WO 2020088130 A1 WO2020088130 A1 WO 2020088130A1
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amount
user
execution
property
account
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PCT/CN2019/105999
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨新颖
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阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/04—Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/18—Legal services
    • G06Q50/186—Estate planning

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present specification relate to the field of information technology, and in particular to a blockchain-based property execution method and system.
  • Property enforcement refers to the act of collecting the property of the person (individual or legal person) who is in debt, based on the results of judicial decisions, by a judicial institution (generally a court). In judicial practice, many executors deliberately transfer and hide property in order to evade payment of debts, resulting in a judicial decision that is ineffective and cannot be executed.
  • a blockchain-based property execution method for each user, part or all of the user's property account amount is set as a lock that the executed user has no right to dispose Amount, the method includes:
  • the executor's device obtains the execution amount and the executed user ID
  • the executor device sends the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain network;
  • the blockchain network is responsible for managing the user's property account;
  • each node in the blockchain network publishes the execution transaction containing the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain; and then based on the execution amount, the execution user identification The corresponding amount is deducted from the locked amount of the property account.
  • a blockchain-based property execution system for each user, part or all of the user's property account is set as a lock that the executed user has no right to punish Amount
  • the system includes: executor equipment and a blockchain network; the blockchain network is responsible for managing the user's property account;
  • the executor device obtains the execution amount and the executed user identification; sends the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain network;
  • Each node in the blockchain network based on a consensus mechanism, publishes the execution transaction containing the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain; further based on the execution amount, from the executed user Identify the deduction from the locked amount of the corresponding property account.
  • a blockchain-based property execution device for each user, part or all of the user's property account amount is set as a lock that the executed user has no right to punish Amount, the device includes:
  • the obtaining module obtains the execution amount and the executed user ID
  • the sending module sends the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain network;
  • the blockchain network is responsible for managing the user's property account, so that each node in the blockchain network is based on a consensus mechanism , Publish the execution transaction containing the execution amount and the executed user ID to the blockchain, and based on the execution amount, deduct from the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID.
  • a computer device which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above program when executing the program Of the blockchain-based property execution method.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present specification sets, for each user, part or all of the amount of the user's property account as the locked amount that the executed user does not have the right to dispose of.
  • the user's property account is managed by the blockchain network.
  • the executing party needs to execute the property execution for the executed user, it can directly send the execution amount to be executed and the user ID of the executed user to the blockchain network.
  • Each node in the blockchain network will contain the execution amount After the execution transaction with the executed user ID is released to the blockchain for certificate storage, a deduction will be made from the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID based on the execution amount.
  • the executor can successfully execute the property of the user to be executed, which solves the problem of difficult property execution.
  • the property execution records of the executor will also be posted on the blockchain, which cannot be eliminated or tampered with.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based property execution method provided by an embodiment of this specification
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based property execution system provided by an embodiment of this specification
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another blockchain-based property execution system provided by an embodiment of this specification.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based property execution device provided by an embodiment of this specification.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for configuring the method of the embodiment of the present specification.
  • Executing Party refers to the agency or the staff of the agency responsible for executing the property of the person subject to execution (legal person or individual) in judicial practice.
  • the executing party may be a court, a court executive bureau, an executive judge of the court executive bureau, etc.
  • Execution user the individual or legal person who is in debt according to law.
  • Application execution user an individual or legal person who has a claim against the executed user according to law, can apply to the executing party to perform property execution on the executed user.
  • Execution Amount The amount of debt that the executed user owes to the application execution user, that is, the amount that the executing party will collect for the executed user.
  • Locked amount Part or all of the user's property account that the user has no right to dispose of is the locked amount of the user's property account.
  • the account types corresponding to the user's property accounts are also different. For example, user Zhang San has three property accounts, namely savings account, pension account and provident fund account.
  • each property account can have a corresponding locked sub-amount, each property account can have a different locked sub-amount, and the sum of the locked sub-amounts of each property account is that the user has no The locked amount of the right to punish.
  • the locked amount is shared by the locked sub-amount of each user's property account. For example, if the user Zhang San has no right to dispose of the locked amount of 100,000 yuan, then the user Zhang San ’s savings account can have a locked sub-amount of 50,000, the pension account can have a locked sub-amount of 30,000, and the provident fund account can have a locked sub-amount The amount can be 20,000.
  • Amount of apportionment If there is more than one property account of the executed user, when the executing party performs property execution on the executed user, for any property account of the executed user, the amount deducted from the property account is the corresponding property account Apportioned amount. In other words, the execution amount is allocated by all or part of the user's property account.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based property execution method provided by an embodiment of this specification, including the following steps:
  • the executor device obtains the execution amount and the executed user ID.
  • part or all of the amount of the user's property account is set as the locked amount that the executed user has no right to dispose of.
  • the user has no right to dispose of the locked amount, which means that the user cannot perform withdrawal, transfer or any other disposition operation on the locked amount.
  • the balance of Zhang San ’s property account is 100,000, and 30,000 in Zhang San ’s property account can be set as the locked amount that Zhang San has no right to dispose of.
  • the balance of the company A ’s property account is 1 million, and the 200,000 in the company A ’s property account can be set as the locked amount that the company A has no right to dispose of.
  • the executor can execute the property of the user based on the locked amount of the user's property account.
  • the locked amount of the user's property account is determined as follows:
  • the credit score corresponding to the user is positively related to the credit evaluation of the user; determine the locked amount of the user's property account based on the balance of the user's property account and the credit score corresponding to the user; The locked amount of the user's property account is positively related to the balance of the user's property account, and the locked amount of the user's property account is negatively related to the credit score corresponding to the user.
  • the credit score corresponding to the user may be given by a blockchain network that is responsible for performing credit evaluation services.
  • the executor device may specifically be a server, computer, mobile phone, or other device of the executor.
  • a blockchain network (may be referred to as a judicial blockchain network) for performing judicial-related businesses can be constructed in the judicial field.
  • the nodes in the judicial blockchain network can be various Equipment of high-level courts, public security organs and procuratorates.
  • the executor device may be a node in the judicial blockchain network.
  • the executor device may receive the execution amount input by the executor and the executed user identification.
  • S102 The executor device sends the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain network.
  • Each node in the blockchain network publishes the execution transaction including the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain based on the consensus mechanism.
  • the blockchain network in step S102 may be a blockchain network responsible for managing the user's property account.
  • the blockchain network may be an alliance chain network composed of major banks, and a node in the alliance chain network is a bank device.
  • the executor device may send the execution amount and the executed user ID to the blockchain network, and then, each node in the blockchain network will be based on a consensus mechanism to The execution transaction including the execution amount and the executed user identification is released to the blockchain for certificate deposit.
  • the transaction described in this specification refers to a piece of data that a user creates through a client of the blockchain and needs to be finally released to the distributed database of the blockchain.
  • the narrow sense of the transaction refers to a value transfer issued by the user to the blockchain; for example, in the traditional Bitcoin blockchain network, the transaction can be a transfer initiated by the user in the blockchain.
  • the generalized transaction refers to a piece of business data with business intent published by the user to the blockchain; for example, the operator can build an alliance chain based on actual business needs, relying on the alliance chain to deploy some other types that are not related to value transfer Online business (for example, rental business, vehicle scheduling business, insurance claims business, credit service, medical service, etc.), and in this type of alliance chain, the transaction can be a business with business intent issued by the user in the alliance chain Message or business request.
  • the executor device may send an execution instruction including the execution amount and the executed user identification to any node in the blockchain network (herein referred to as a target node) ),
  • the target node may construct the above-mentioned execution transaction based on the execution instruction, and broadcast the execution transaction to other nodes in the blockchain network.
  • step S102 the executor device uses its own private key to sign the execution instruction including the execution amount and the executed user identification, and, the signed execution The instruction is sent to the target node.
  • the target node may use the public key of the executor's device to sign and verify the execution instruction, and then construct an execution transaction based on the execution instruction.
  • the executor device may also construct an execution transaction containing the execution amount and the executed user identification, and then broadcast the execution transaction to each node in the blockchain network.
  • the executor device can obtain the account management private key provided by the blockchain network, thereby having the authority to initiate transactions outside the blockchain network.
  • step S102 the executor device uses the account management private key provided by the blockchain network to sign the execution transaction including the execution amount and the executed user ID, and The executed transaction is broadcast to each node in the blockchain network.
  • step S104 after each node in the blockchain network uses the account management public key corresponding to the account management private key to sign and verify the execution transaction, based on the consensus mechanism, it will include all The execution amount of the execution amount and the executed user identification are released to the blockchain.
  • Each node in the blockchain network deducts money from the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID based on the execution amount.
  • each node in the blockchain network may be pre-deployed with a smart contract for implementing property execution logic.
  • each node in the blockchain network can call the smart contract to operate on the property account corresponding to the managed executed user ID, and from the executed user ID based on the execution amount The corresponding amount is deducted from the locked amount of the property account.
  • the node may select from the executed user ID The execution amount is deducted from the locked amount of the corresponding property account; if it is determined that the execution amount is not less than the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID, the node may select the corresponding amount from the executed user ID In the property account, the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID is deducted.
  • each node in the blockchain network may transfer the amount of the deduction to the executing party or apply for execution after deducting the amount from the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID user.
  • each node in the blockchain network deducts the money from the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID After that, the deduction amount can be added to the property account of the executor user.
  • the execution transaction may also include the application execution user ID obtained by the executor device. Therefore, each node in the blockchain network deducts the deduction from the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID, and then adds the deduction amount to the property account corresponding to the application execution user ID.
  • part or all of the user ’s property account amount is set as the locked amount that the executed user does not have the right to dispose of.
  • the user's property account is managed by the blockchain network.
  • the executing party needs to execute the property execution for the executed user, it can directly send the execution amount to be executed and the user ID of the executed user to the blockchain network.
  • Each node in the blockchain network will contain the execution amount After the execution transaction with the executed user ID is released to the blockchain for certificate storage, a deduction will be made from the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID based on the execution amount.
  • the executor can successfully execute the property of the user to be executed, which solves the problem of difficult property execution.
  • the property execution records of the executor will also be posted on the blockchain, which cannot be eliminated or tampered with.
  • users can have property accounts of different account types, such as savings accounts, pension accounts, provident fund accounts, medical insurance accounts, and so on.
  • a corresponding locked amount can be set for each user's property account of a different account type.
  • users who have at least two property accounts with different account types generally refer to individual users.
  • the account type corresponding to the legal person user's property account is generally a savings type, while individual users can have property accounts of different account types, such as savings account, provident fund account, pension account, etc.
  • part or all of the property account is set as a locked sub-amount that the user does not have the right to dispose of, and each property account of the user The sum of the locked sub-amounts is the locked amount that the user has no right to dispose of.
  • step S102 the executor device selects at least one property account from each property account of the executed user as the target property account, and determines the allocation amount corresponding to each target property account according to the execution amount. Then, for each target property account, the executor device sends the assessed amount corresponding to the target user account of the executed user ID to the blockchain network.
  • the sum of the apportioned amounts corresponding to the respective target property accounts is the execution amount.
  • the blockchain network responsible for managing property accounts of various account types may be the same blockchain network, or may not be the same blockchain network.
  • each node in the blockchain network may, for each target property account, based on the consensus mechanism, will include the apportioned amount of the executed user ID corresponding to the target property account The execution sub-transaction is published to the blockchain; then the deduction amount corresponding to the target property account is deducted from the locked sub-value of the target property account.
  • the locked sub-amount of each user's property account can be determined as follows:
  • N is not greater than M
  • the sum of the balance of the first N property accounts is not less than the locked amount of the user's no right to dispose
  • the sum of the balance of the first N-1 property accounts is less than the locked amount of the user's no right to dispose
  • M is The number of property accounts for this user.
  • the balance of the property account is determined as the locked sub-value of the property account; and, the locked amount that the user does not have the right to dispose of is subtracted from the previous N-1
  • the difference of the sum of the balances of the property accounts is determined as the locked sub-amount of the Nth property account; and, if N is less than M, the locked sub-amount of the unselected MN property accounts is also determined to be zero.
  • Zhang San has a savings account (balance is 1 million), a pension account (balance is 200,000) and a provident fund account (balance is 500,000).
  • a savings account balance is 1 million
  • a pension account balance is 200,000
  • a provident fund account balance is 500,000
  • users can withdraw the amount in the savings account at will, and users usually need to meet certain conditions (such as after retirement or to buy a house) before they can withdraw the amount in the pension account and provident fund account.
  • Zhang San ’s credit is good, he may consider giving priority to the amount in Zhang San ’s pension account and provident fund account when locking Zhang San ’s property. Therefore, the three property accounts of Zhang San can be sorted into pension account-provident fund account-savings account from front to back.
  • Zhang San has no right to dispose of the locked amount of 800,000
  • the balance of Zhang San ’s pension account and provident fund account can all be used as the locked sub amount
  • 100,000 in Zhang San ’s savings account can be used as the locked sub amount.
  • Zhang San ’s credit is poor, he may also consider giving priority to the amount in Zhang San ’s savings account when Zhang San ’s property is locked, until the balance of Zhang San ’s savings account is all set as the locked sub-amount.
  • the amount to be allocated for each target property account must be determined based on the execution amount.
  • a person skilled in the art can easily think of a variety of ways to determine the target property account (for example, random selection), and a way to determine the allocation amount corresponding to each target property account.
  • the apportioned amount corresponding to the target property account is not greater than the locked amount of the target property account, and the sum of the apportioned amounts corresponding to the target property accounts is the execution amount.
  • the target property account may be determined according to the order in which the above property accounts are arranged. Specifically, the executor device selects the first S property accounts as the target property account. Among them, S is not greater than M; the sum of the locked sub-amounts of the first S property accounts is not less than the execution amount, and the sum of the locked sub-amounts of the first S-1 property accounts is less than the execution amount.
  • the order of Zhang San ’s property accounts is pension account-provident fund account-savings account
  • the execution order of Zhang San ’s property is also pension account-provident fund account-savings account.
  • the locked sub-amount of the next property account will be executed. Assuming that the executing party needs to collect 500,000 for Zhang San (the execution amount is 500,000), then since the sum of the locked sub-amounts of Zhang San ’s pension account and provident fund account is enough to pay the execution amount, Zhang can Three's pension account and provident fund account are determined as the target property account, there is no need to determine Zhang San's savings account as the target property account.
  • the method for determining the amount of apportionment corresponding to each target property account may be:
  • Zhang San ’s pension account and provident fund account are the target property accounts
  • the corresponding locked sub-amount of 200,000 is determined as the corresponding amount of the pension account
  • 300,000 of the corresponding locked sub-amount of 500,000 is determined as the corresponding apportioned amount of the provident fund account.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based property execution system provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the system shown in FIG. 2 includes: an executor device and a blockchain network, and the blockchain network is responsible for managing a user ’s property account ;
  • the executor device obtains the execution amount and the executed user identification; sends the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain network;
  • Each node in the blockchain network based on a consensus mechanism, publishes the execution transaction containing the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain; further based on the execution amount, from the executed user Identify the deduction from the locked amount of the corresponding property account.
  • any node in the judicial blockchain network as the executing party device initiates execution of the property of the executed user.
  • the executor device first obtains the execution amount and the executed user identification, and then sends the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain network for property execution.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another blockchain-based property execution system provided by an embodiment of this specification.
  • the blockchain network responsible for managing savings accounts which can be composed of banks
  • the blockchain network responsible for managing pension accounts may It is composed of the pension management institutions in various places
  • the blockchain network responsible for managing the provident fund accounts which can be composed of various provident fund management institutions.
  • any node in the judicial blockchain network as the executing party device initiates execution of the property of the executed user.
  • the executor device first obtains the execution amount and the executed user identification, and then selects at least one property account of the executed user as the target property account according to the execution amount and the locked sub-amount of each property account of the executed user (in turn select pension Gold account, provident fund account as the target property account), and determine the corresponding amount of each target property account. Then, the executor's device can execute property execution for the blockchain network corresponding to each target property account.
  • the embodiment of this specification also correspondingly provides a blockchain-based property execution device.
  • the user for each user, the user ’s property account Part or all of the amount is set as the locked amount that the executed user has no right to dispose of, and the device includes:
  • the obtaining module 401 obtains the execution amount and the executed user identification
  • the sending module 402 sends the execution amount and the executed user identification to the blockchain network; the blockchain network is responsible for managing the user's property account, so that each node in the blockchain network is based on consensus
  • the mechanism publishes the execution transaction including the execution amount and the executed user ID to the blockchain, and based on the execution amount, debits the locked amount of the property account corresponding to the executed user ID.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a more specific hardware structure of a computing device provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050.
  • the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 realize the communication connection between the devices within the device through the bus 1050.
  • the processor 1010 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, etc. Programs to implement the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification.
  • the memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory, Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory, Random Access Memory), static storage devices, and dynamic storage devices.
  • the memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present specification are implemented by software or firmware, related program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and are called and executed by the processor 1010.
  • the input / output interface 1030 is used to connect input / output modules to realize information input and output.
  • the input / output / module can be configured as a component in the device (not shown in the figure), or can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions.
  • the input device may include a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, microphone, various sensors, etc.
  • the output device may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, and the like.
  • the communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to implement communication interaction between the device and other devices.
  • the communication module can realize communication through a wired method (such as USB, network cable, etc.), and can also realize communication through a wireless method (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).
  • the bus 1050 includes a path for transferring information between various components of the device (eg, processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040).
  • the device may also include necessary for normal operation Other components.
  • the above-mentioned device may also include only the components necessary to implement the solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, rather than including all the components shown in the figures.
  • Embodiments of this specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the functions of the method shown in FIG. 1.
  • Computer-readable media including permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, can store information by any method or technology.
  • the information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, read-only compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media can be used to store information that can be accessed by computing devices.
  • computer-readable media does not include temporary computer-readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
  • the system, method, module or unit explained in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or entity, or by a product with a certain function.
  • a typical implementation device is a computer, and the specific form of the computer may be a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email sending and receiving device, and a game control Desk, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

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Abstract

一种基于区块链的财产执行方法及***。针对每个用户，将该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额。用户的财产账户是由区块链网络负责管理的。当执行方需要针对被执行用户进行财产执行时，可以直接将需要执行的执行金额以及被执行用户的用户标识发送给区块链网络，区块链网络中的各节点在将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链进行存证之后，会基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。

Description

一种基于区块链的财产执行方法及*** 技术领域
本说明书实施例涉及信息技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于区块链的财产执行方法及***。
背景技术
财产执行，是指司法机构(一般是法院)根据司法裁判结果，对负有债务的被执行人(个人或法人)的财产采取的收缴行为。在司法实践中，很多被执行人为了逃避支付债务，故意转移、隐匿财产，导致生效的司法裁判结果如一纸空文，得不到执行。
此外，随着区块链技术的兴起，在未来，个人或法人的财产账户有可能不再由单个管理机构进行管理，而是由多个管理机构组成的区块链网络进行管理。
基于以上，需要一种基于区块链的财产执行方法，以解决司法实践中财产执行难的问题。
发明内容
为了解决司法实践中财产执行难的问题，本说明书实施例提供一种基于区块链的财产执行方法及***，技术方案如下：
根据本说明书实施例的第1方面，提供一种基于区块链的财产执行方法，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额，所述方法包括：
执行方设备获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；
所述执行方设备将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户；
所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链；进而基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
根据本说明书实施例的第2方面，提供一种基于区块链的财产执行***，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额；
所述***包括：执行方设备与区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户；
所述执行方设备，获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；
所述区块链网络中的各节点，基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链；进而基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
根据本说明书实施例的第3方面，提供一种基于区块链的财产执行装置，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额，所述装置包括：
获取模块，获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；
发送模块，将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链，并基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
根据本说明书实施例的第4方面，提供一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现上述的基于区块链的财产执行方法。
本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案，针对每个用户，将该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额。用户的财产账户是由区块链网络负责管理的。当执行方需要针对被执行用户进行财产执行时，可以直接将需要执行的执行金额以及被执行用户的用户标识发送给区块链网络，区块链网络中的各节点在将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链进行存证之后，会基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。如此，执行方就可以顺利实现对被执行用户的财产执行，解决了财产执行难的问题。并且，执行方的财产执行记录也会被公示于区块链上，不可消除，不可篡改。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本说明书实施例。
此外，本说明书实施例中的任一实施例并不需要达到上述的全部效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的财产执行方法的流程示意图；
图2是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的财产执行***的结构示意图；
图3是本说明书实施例提供的另一种基于区块链的财产执行***的结构示意图；
图4是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的财产执行装置的结构示意图；
图5是用于配置本说明书实施例方法的一种计算机设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
此处，首先对后文将要使用的若干概念进行解释。
执行方：是指司法实践中，负责对被执行人(法人或个人)进行财产执行的机构或机构的工作人员。例如，执行方可以是法院、法院执行局、法院执行局的执行法官等。
被执行用户：即依法负有债务的个人或法人。
申请执行用户：即依法对被执行用户拥有债权的个人或法人，其可以向执行方申请，对被执行用户进行财产执行。
执行金额：被执行用户对申请执行用户所负债务的金额，也就是执行方针对被执行用户所要收缴的金额。
锁定金额：用户的财产账户中，用户无权处分的部分或全部金额，就是用户的财产账户的锁定金额。当用户的财产账户有不止一个时，用户的各财产账户分别对应的账户类型也是不同的。例如，用户张三有3个财产账户，分别为储蓄账户、养老金账户与公积金账户。
此外，当用户的财产账户有不止一个时，每个财产账户都可以有相应的锁定子金额，每个财产账户的锁定子金额可以不同，各财产账户的锁定子金额之和是所述用户无权处分的锁定金额。也就是说，所述锁定金额由用户的每个财产账户的锁定子金额进行分担。例如，用户张三无权处分的锁定金额为10万元，那么，用户张三的储蓄账户的锁定子金额可以是5万，养老金账户的锁定子金额可以是3万，公积金账户的锁定子金额可以是2万。
分摊金额：若被执行用户的财产账户有不止一个，当执行方针对被执行用户进行财产执行时，针对被执行用户的任一财产账户，从该财产账户中扣除的金额就是该财产账户对应的分摊数额。也就是说，执行金额由用户的全部或部分财产账户进行分摊。
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本说明书实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本说明书实施例中的附图，对本说明书实施例中的技术方案进行详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本说明书的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本说明书中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于保护的范围。
以下结合附图，详细说明本说明书各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的财产执行方法的流程示意图，包括以下步骤：
S100：执行方设备获取执行金额与被执行用户标识。
在本说明书实施例中，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额。其中，用户无权处分锁定金额，意味着用户无法对锁定金额执行提现、转账或其他任何处分操作。
例如，对于个人用户张三，张三的财产账户的余额为10万，可以将张三的财产账户中的3万设置为张三无权处分的锁定金额。又如，对于法人用户A公司，A公司的财产账户的余额为100万，可以将A公司的财产账户中的20万设置为A公司无权处分的锁定金额。
这样一来，针对任一用户，当该用户依法对他人负有债务却拒绝偿还时，执行方可以基于该用户财产账户的锁定金额，对该用户进行财产执行。
在本说明书实施例中，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的锁定金额通过如下方式确定：
获取该用户对应的信用评分；该用户对应的信用评分与对该用户的信用评价正相关；根据该用户的财产账户的余额与该用户对应的信用评分，确定该用户的财产账户的锁定金额；该用户的财产账户的锁定金额与该用户的财产账户的余额正相关，该用户的财产账户的锁定金额与该用户对应的信用评分负相关。
其中，在实际应用中，用户对应的信用评分，可以是某个负责执行信用评价业务的区块链网络给出的。
在本说明书实施例中，执行方设备具体可以是执行方的服务器、电脑、手机等设备。需要说明的是，在实际应用中，在司法领域可以建构用于执行司法相关业务的区块链网络(可称为司法区块链网络)，所述司法区块链网络中的节点可以是各级法院、公安机关以及检察院的设备。这种情况下，所述执行方设备可以是司法区块链网络中的一个节点。
在步骤S100中，执行方设备可以接收执行方输入的执行金额与被执行用户标识。
S102：所述执行方设备将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络。
S104：所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链。
步骤S102中的区块链网络，可以是负责管理用户的财产账户的区块链网络。例如，所述区块链网络可以是由各大银行组成的联盟链网络，该联盟链网络中的一个节点是一个银行的设备。
在步骤S102～S104中，执行方设备可以将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给所述区块链网络，然后，所述区块链网络中的各节点会基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链进行存证。
需要说明的是，在本说明书中所描述的交易(transaction)，是指用户通过区块链的客户端创建，并需要最终发布至区块链的分布式数据库中的一笔数据。
也就是说，区块链中的交易，存在狭义的交易以及广义的交易之分。狭义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔价值转移；例如，在传统的比特币区块链网络中，交易可以是用户在区块链中发起的一笔转账。而广义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务数据；例如，运营方可以基于实际的业务需求搭建一个联盟链，依托于联盟链部署一些与价值转移无关的其它类型的在线业务(比如，租房业务、车辆调度业务、保险理赔业务、信用服务、医疗服务等)，而在这类联盟链中，交易可以是用户在联盟 链中发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务消息或者业务请求。
基于此，存在两种情况：
1、在步骤S102中，所述执行方设备可以将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行指令发送给所述区块链网络中的任一节点(本文将之称为目标节点)，所述目标节点可以基于所述执行指令，构建上述的执行交易，并将执行交易广播至所述区块链网络中的其他节点。
对于情况1，进一步地，在步骤S102中，所述执行方设备使用自身的私钥对包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行指令进行签名，以及，将签名后的所述执行指令发送给目标节点。相应地，所述目标节点可以使用所述执行方设备的公钥对所述执行指令进行签名验证通过后，基于所述执行指令构建执行交易。
由于在实践中，财产执行是特定执法机关才有权进行的司法行为，因此，目标节点需要确保向其发送执行指令的设备是执行方的设备。
2、在步骤S102中，所述执行方设备也可以构建包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易，然后将所述执行交易广播给所述区块链网络中的各节点。
对于情况2，进一步地，在实践中，如果只有区块链网络中的节点有权限构建交易，那么，所述执行方设备一般并没有权限构建上述的执行交易。因此，所述执行方设备可以获取所述区块链网络提供的账户管理私钥，从而拥有在所述区块链网络之外发起交易的权限。
具体地，在步骤S102中，所述执行方设备使用所述区块链网络提供的账户管理私钥，对包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易进行签名，并将签名后的所述执行交易广播给所述区块链网络中的各节点。相应地，在步骤S104中，所述区块链网络中的各节点在使用所述账户管理私钥对应的账户管理公钥对所述执行交易进行签名验证通过后，基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链。
S106：所述区块链网络中的各节点基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
在本说明书实施例中，所述区块链网络中的每个节点上可以预先部署有用于实现财产执行逻辑的智能合约。如此，在步骤S106中，所述区块链网络中的每个节点可以调用所述智能合约，对管理的被执行用户标识对应的财产账户进行操作，基于所述执行金 额，从被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
具体地，对于所述区块链网络中的每个节点而言，若确定所述执行金额小于所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额，则该节点可以从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中，扣除所述执行金额；若确定所述执行金额不小于所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额，则该节点可以从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户中，扣除所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额。
在本说明书实施例中，所述区块链网络中的各节点在从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款之后，可以将扣款的金额转交给执行方或申请执行用户。
进一步地，如果执行方在所述区块链网络中也开通了财产账户，那么，所述区块链网络中的各节点在从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款之后，可以向执行方用户的财产账户中增加扣款的金额。
如果申请执行用户在所述区块链网络中也开通了财产账户，那么，所述执行交易中还可以包括所述执行方设备获取的申请执行用户标识。于是，所述区块链网络中的各节点在从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款之后，向所述申请执行用户标识对应的财产账户中增加扣款的金额。
通过图1所示的方法，针对每个用户，将该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额。用户的财产账户是由区块链网络负责管理的。当执行方需要针对被执行用户进行财产执行时，可以直接将需要执行的执行金额以及被执行用户的用户标识发送给区块链网络，区块链网络中的各节点在将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链进行存证之后，会基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。如此，执行方就可以顺利实现对被执行用户的财产执行，解决了财产执行难的问题。并且，执行方的财产执行记录也会被公示于区块链上，不可消除，不可篡改。
此外，在实际应用中，用户可以拥有不同账户类型的财产账户，如储蓄账户、养老金账户、公积金账户、医保账户等等。
因此，在本说明书实施例中，可以对每个用户的不同账户类型的财产账户都设置相应的锁定金额。需要说明的是，拥有至少两个不同账户类型的财产账户的用户一般是指个人用户。因为在实践中，法人用户的财产账户对应的账户类型一般是储蓄类型，而个人用户可以拥有不同账户类型的财产账户，如储蓄账户、公积金账户、养老金账户等。
在本说明书实施例中，以任一用户为例，针对该用户的每个财产账户，该财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为该用户无权处分的锁定子金额，该用户的各财产账户的锁定子金额之和是该用户无权处分的锁定金额。
如此，在步骤S102中，所述执行方设备从被执行用户的各财产账户中选择至少一个财产账户，作为目标财产账户，并根据所述执行金额，确定每个目标财产账户对应的分摊金额。然后，所述执行方设备针对每个目标财产账户，将所述被执行用户标识与该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额发送给区块链网络。
其中，各目标财产账户分别对应的分摊金额之和是所述执行金额。还需要说明的是，在本说明书实施例中，负责管理各账户类型的财产账户的区块链网络可以是同一个区块链网络，也可以不是同一个区块链网络。
基于此，在步骤S104～S106中，所述区块链网络中的各节点可以针对每个目标财产账户，基于共识机制，将包含所述被执行用户标识与该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额的执行子交易发布至区块链；进而从该目标财产账户的锁定子金额中扣除该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额。
进一步地，该用户的各财产账户的锁定子金额可以通过如下方式确定：
首先，对该用户的各财产账户进行排序。
其次，根据该用户无权处分的锁定金额，选择前N个财产账户。其中，N不大于M，前N个财产账户的余额之和不小于该用户无权处分的锁定金额，前N-1个财产账户的余额之和小于该用户无权处分的锁定金额；M为该用户的财产账户的数量。
然后，针对前N-1个财产账户中的每个财产账户，将该财产账户的余额确定为该财产账户的锁定子金额；并且，将该用户无权处分的锁定金额减去前N-1个财产账户的余额之和的差，确定为第N个财产账户的锁定子金额；并且，若N小于M，则还将未选择的M-N个财产账户的锁定子金额确定为0。
需要说明的是，上述的对用户的各财产账户进行排序的规则可以根据实际需要指定。
举例来说，假设用户张三有储蓄账户(余额为100万)、养老金账户(余额为20万)和公积金账户(余额为50万)。根据生活常识，用户可以随意提取储蓄账户中的金额，而用户通常需要满足一定的条件(如退休后或要买房)后，才能提取养老金账户与公积金账户中的金额。基于此，如果张三的信用较好，可以考虑在对张三的财产进行锁定时，优先锁定张三的养老金账户与公积金账户中的金额。于是，可以将张三的3个 财产账户由前到后排序为养老金账户-公积金账户-储蓄账户。假设张三无权处分的锁定金额为80万，那么，可以将张三的养老金账户与公积金账户的余额全部作为锁定子金额，将张三的储蓄账户中的10万作为锁定子金额。
当然，如果张三的信用较差，也可以考虑在对张三的财产进行锁定时，优先锁定张三的储蓄账户中的金额，直至张三的储蓄账户的余额全部被设置为锁定子金额。
当针对被执行用户进行财产执行时，首先需要从被执行用户的各财产账户中选择要征用的财产账户，作为目标财产账户。此外，还要根据执行金额，确定每个目标财产账户所要分摊的金额。本领域技术人员很容易想到多种确定目标财产账户的方式(例如随机选择)，和确定每个目标财产账户对应的分摊金额的方式。总之，针对每个目标财产账户，该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额不大于该目标财产账户的锁定金额，并且，各目标财产账户分别对应的分摊金额之和为所述执行金额。
进一步地，可以根据上述各财产账户的排列顺序确定目标财产账户。具体地，所述执行方设备选择前S个财产账户，作为目标财产账户。其中，S不大于M；前S个财产账户的锁定子金额之和不小于所述执行金额，前S-1个财产账户的锁定子金额之和小于所述执行金额。
如此，沿用上例，张三的财产账户的排列顺序是养老金账户-公积金账户-储蓄账户，那么，对张三的财产的执行顺序也是养老金账户-公积金账户-储蓄账户。当前的财产账户的锁定子金额用尽后，才会针对下一个财产账户的锁定子金额进行执行。假设执行方需要针对张三收缴50万(执行金额为50万)，那么，由于张三的养老金账户和公积金账户的锁定子金额之和已经足够支付所述执行金额了，因此，可以将张三的养老金账户和公积金账户确定为目标财产账户，不需要将张三的储蓄账户确定为目标财产账户。
此外，确定每个目标财产账户对应的分摊金额的方式可以是：
针对前S-1个目标财产账户中的每个目标财产账户，将该目标财产账户的锁定子金额确定为该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额；并且，将所述执行金额减去前S-1个目标财产账户的锁定子金额之和的差，确定为第S个财产账户对应的分摊金额。
还是沿用上例，由于张三的养老金账户与公积金账户为目标财产账户，首先，针对张三的养老金账户，将相应的锁定子金额20万确定为养老金账户对应的分摊金额，然后，针对张三的公积金账户，将相应的锁定子金额50万中的30万确定为公积金账户对应的分摊金额。
图2是本说明书实施例提供的基于区块链的财产执行***的结构示意图，图2所示的***包括：执行方设备与区块链网络，所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户；
所述执行方设备，获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；
所述区块链网络中的各节点，基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链；进而基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
在图2中，存在两个区块链网络，分别为司法区块链网络、负责管理用户的财产账户的区块链网络(可以由各银行组成)。每个用户通常只拥有一个账户类型的财产账户。
其中，司法区块链网络中的任一节点作为所述执行方设备，发起对被执行用户的财产执行。所述执行方设备首先获取执行金额和被执行用户标识，然后将执行金额和被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络进行财产执行即可。
图3是本说明书实施例提供的另一种基于区块链的财产执行***的结构示意图。在图3中，存在4个区块链网络，分别为司法区块链网络、负责管理储蓄账户的区块链网络(可以由各银行组成)、负责管理养老金账户的区块链网络(可以由各地养老金管理机构组成)、负责管理公积金账户(可以由各地公积金管理机构组成)的区块链网络。其中，司法区块链网络中的任一节点作为所述执行方设备，发起对被执行用户的财产执行。所述执行方设备首先获取执行金额和被执行用户标识，然后根据执行金额与被执行用户的每个财产账户的锁定子金额，选择被执行用户的至少一个财产账户作为目标财产账户(依次选择养老金账户、公积金账户作为目标财产账户)，并确定每个目标财产账户对应的分摊金额。接着，执行方设备就可以分别针对每个目标财产账户对应区块链网络进行财产执行。
基于图1所示的基于区块链的财产执行装置，本说明书实施例还对应提供了一种基于区块链的财产执行装置，如图4所示，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额，所述装置包括：
获取模块401，获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；
发送模块402，将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链，并基于所述执行金 额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
图5示出了本说明书实施例所提供的一种更为具体的计算设备硬件结构示意图，该设备可以包括：处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040和总线1050。其中处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040通过总线1050实现彼此之间在设备内部的通信连接。
处理器1010可以采用通用的CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)、微处理器、应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、或者一个或多个集成电路等方式实现，用于执行相关程序，以实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案。
存储器1020可以采用ROM(Read Only Memory，只读存储器)、RAM(Random Access Memory，随机存取存储器)、静态存储设备，动态存储设备等形式实现。存储器1020可以存储操作***和其他应用程序，在通过软件或者固件来实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案时，相关的程序代码保存在存储器1020中，并由处理器1010来调用执行。
输入/输出接口1030用于连接输入/输出模块，以实现信息输入及输出。输入输出/模块可以作为组件配置在设备中(图中未示出)，也可以外接于设备以提供相应功能。其中输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏、麦克风、各类传感器等，输出设备可以包括显示器、扬声器、振动器、指示灯等。
通信接口1040用于连接通信模块(图中未示出)，以实现本设备与其他设备的通信交互。其中通信模块可以通过有线方式(例如USB、网线等)实现通信，也可以通过无线方式(例如移动网络、WIFI、蓝牙等)实现通信。
总线1050包括一通路，在设备的各个组件(例如处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040)之间传输信息。
需要说明的是，尽管上述设备仅示出了处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040以及总线1050，但是在具体实施过程中，该设备还可以包括实现正常运行所必需的其他组件。此外，本领域的技术人员可以理解的是，上述设备中也可以仅包含实现本说明书实施例方案所必需的组件，而不必包含图中所示的全部组件。
本说明书实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现图1所示方法的功能。
计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序的模块或其他 数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括，但不限于相变内存(PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带，磁带磁磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质，可用于存储可以被计算设备访问的信息。按照本文中的界定，计算机可读介质不包括暂存电脑可读媒体(transitory media)，如调制的数据信号和载波。
通过以上的实施方式的描述可知，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本说明书实施例可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现。基于这样的理解，本说明书实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本说明书实施例各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
上述实施例阐明的***、方法、模块或单元，具体可以由计算机芯片或实体实现，或者由具有某种功能的产品来实现。一种典型的实现设备为计算机，计算机的具体形式可以是个人计算机、膝上型计算机、蜂窝电话、相机电话、智能电话、个人数字助理、媒体播放器、导航设备、电子邮件收发设备、游戏控制台、平板计算机、可穿戴设备或者这些设备中的任意几种设备的组合。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于装置和设备实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的方法实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，在实施本说明书实施例方案时可以把各模块的功能在同一个或多个软件和/或硬件中实现。也可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
以上所述仅是本说明书实施例的具体实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本说明书实施例原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本说明书实施例的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种基于区块链的财产执行方法，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额，所述方法包括：
    执行方设备获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；
    所述执行方设备将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户；
    所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链；进而基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述执行交易是目标节点构建并向所述区块链网络广播的，所述目标节点是所述区块链网络中的任一节点；
    所述执行方设备将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络，具体包括：
    所述执行方设备将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行指令发送给所述目标节点。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，所述执行方设备将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行指令发送给所述目标节点，具体包括：
    所述执行方设备使用自身的私钥对包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行指令进行签名，以及，将签名后的所述执行指令发送给目标节点；
    所述执行交易是目标节点构建的，具体包括：
    所述执行交易是目标节点使用所述执行方设备的公钥对所述执行指令进行签名验证通过后，基于所述执行指令构建的。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述执行交易是所述执行方设备构建的；
    所述执行方设备将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络，具体包括：
    所述执行方设备将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易广播给所述区块链网络中的各节点。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述执行方设备将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易广播给所述区块链网络中的各节点，具体包括：
    所述执行方设备使用所述区块链网络提供的账户管理私钥，对包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易进行签名，并将签名后的所述执行交易广播给所述区块 链网络中的各节点；
    所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链，具体包括：
    所述区块链网络中的各节点在使用所述账户管理私钥对应的账户管理公钥对所述执行交易进行签名验证通过后，基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的方法，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的锁定金额通过如下方式确定：
    获取该用户对应的信用评分；该用户对应的信用评分与对该用户的信用评价正相关；
    根据该用户的财产账户的余额与该用户对应的信用评分，确定该用户的财产账户的锁定金额；该用户的财产账户的锁定金额与该用户的财产账户的余额正相关，该用户的财产账户的锁定金额与该用户对应的信用评分负相关。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的方法，进而基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款，具体包括：
    若确定所述执行金额小于所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额，则从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中，扣除所述执行金额；
    若确定所述执行金额不小于所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额，则从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户中，扣除所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    所述区块链网络中的各节点在从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款之后，向执行方用户的财产账户中增加扣款的金额。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述执行交易还包括：所述执行方设备获取的申请执行用户标识；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述区块链网络中的各节点在从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款之后，向所述申请执行用户标识对应的财产账户中增加扣款的金额。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的方法，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的数量大于1，该用户的各财产账户分别对应的账户类型不同，并且，针对该用户的每个财产账户，该财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为该用户无权处分的锁定子金额，该用户的各财产账户的锁定子金额之和是该用户无权处分的锁定金额；
    所述执行方设备将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络，具体包括：
    所述执行方设备从被执行用户的各财产账户中选择至少一个财产账户，作为目标财产账户，并根据所述执行金额，确定每个目标财产账户对应的分摊金额；
    所述执行方设备针对每个目标财产账户，将所述被执行用户标识与该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额发送给区块链网络；各目标财产账户分别对应的分摊金额之和是所述执行金额；
    所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链；进而基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款，具体包括：
    所述区块链网络中的各节点针对每个目标财产账户，基于共识机制，将包含所述被执行用户标识与该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额的执行子交易发布至区块链；进而从该目标财产账户的锁定子金额中扣除该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，该用户的各财产账户的锁定子金额通过如下方式确定：
    对该用户的各财产账户进行排序；
    根据该用户无权处分的锁定金额，选择前N个财产账户；其中，N不大于M，前N个财产账户的余额之和不小于该用户无权处分的锁定金额，前N-1个财产账户的余额之和小于该用户无权处分的锁定金额；M为该用户的财产账户的数量；
    针对前N-1个财产账户中的每个财产账户，将该财产账户的余额确定为该财产账户的锁定子金额；并且，将该用户无权处分的锁定金额减去前N-1个财产账户的余额之和的差，确定为第N个财产账户的锁定子金额；并且，若N小于M，则将未选择的M-N个财产账户的锁定子金额确定为0。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，所述执行方设备从所述被执行用户的各财产账户中选择至少一个财产账户，具体包括：
    所述执行方设备选择前S个财产账户，作为目标财产账户；
    其中，S不大于M；前S个财产账户的锁定子金额之和不小于所述执行金额，前S-1个财产账户的锁定子金额之和小于所述执行金额。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，根据执行金额，确定每个目标财产账户对应的分摊金额，具体包括：
    针对前S-1个目标财产账户中的每个目标财产账户，将该目标财产账户的锁定子金 额确定为该目标财产账户对应的分摊金额；并且，将所述执行金额减去前S-1个目标财产账户的锁定子金额之和的差，确定为第S个财产账户对应的分摊金额。
  14. 一种基于区块链的财产执行方法，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额，所述方法包括：
    执行方设备获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；
    将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链，并基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
  15. 一种基于区块链的财产执行***，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额；
    所述***包括：执行方设备与区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户；
    所述执行方设备，获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；
    所述区块链网络中的各节点，基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链；进而基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
  16. 一种基于区块链的财产执行装置，针对每个用户，该用户的财产账户的部分或全部金额被设置为所述被执行用户无权处分的锁定金额，所述装置包括：
    获取模块，获取执行金额与被执行用户标识；
    发送模块，将所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识发送给区块链网络；所述区块链网络负责管理用户的财产账户，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将包含所述执行金额与所述被执行用户标识的执行交易发布至区块链，并基于所述执行金额，从所述被执行用户标识对应的财产账户的锁定金额中扣款。
  17. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如权利要求1～14任一项所述的方法。
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