WO2020079361A1 - Seawater desalination system for ships - Google Patents
Seawater desalination system for ships Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020079361A1 WO2020079361A1 PCT/FR2019/052436 FR2019052436W WO2020079361A1 WO 2020079361 A1 WO2020079361 A1 WO 2020079361A1 FR 2019052436 W FR2019052436 W FR 2019052436W WO 2020079361 A1 WO2020079361 A1 WO 2020079361A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- water
- motor
- axis
- salinity
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/08—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/10—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/36—Energy sources
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/001—Build in apparatus for autonomous on board water supply and wastewater treatment (e.g. for aircrafts, cruiseships, oil drilling platforms, railway trains, space stations)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to seawater desalination systems on board ships, in particular sailboats, and intended to provide drinking water to the occupants of said ships when they are at sea, and relates in particular to a seawater desalination system operating with both alternating and direct current.
- Such a desalination system generally consists of a reverse osmosis membrane device through which seawater is forced under pressure so that only potable water crosses the membrane while most of the mineral salts are blocked. by said membrane.
- a pump is required to force seawater, under relatively high pressure of up to 65 bar, to pass through the membrane used to perform reverse osmosis.
- a pump drive mechanism is therefore necessary.
- This drive mechanism is generally a DC motor powered by the onboard battery. Different devices can be used to power said battery, such as a dynamo driven in rotation by a wind turbine. It goes without saying that such a battery, sufficient to power the boat's lighting system, discharges quickly when it comes to powering an engine. To compensate for a possible battery deficiency, sailboats have a generator supplying alternating current.
- European patent EP 1 240 076 discloses a seawater desalination system in which the pump drive mechanism is either a direct current motor or an alternating current motor, switching from one to the other. the other is done automatically without human intervention.
- the motors are mounted in the drive position of the axis of the pump by a belt respectively driving a pulley at each end of the axis, each of the belts connecting the shaft drive motor corresponding to the pump axis so that each of the motors drives the rotation of the pump axis when activated.
- the drive mechanism comprises declutching means resulting from the freewheeling assembly of each of the pulleys on the axis of the pump, so that the pulley corresponding to one of the motors is coasted when the other motor is activated to drive the pump axis.
- the object of the invention is to provide a more compact desalination system than the known system of the prior art and which can be installed without the opposite ends of said system being available during its use for maintenance. of this system.
- the invention relates to a seawater desalination system comprising a reverse osmosis cell containing a semi-permeable membrane for carrying out the desalination of water by passing seawater under pressure through said membrane, a pump for enforcing sea water under pressure through said membrane and a drive mechanism of the axis of said pump in which said drive mechanism comprises a direct current motor, supplied by a direct voltage and an alternating current motor, powered by an alternating voltage, in which said motors are mounted in the drive position of the axis of said pump by a belt respectively driving a first and a second pulley, positioned next to each other on the axis of the pump, in which each pulley is fixed on the axis of the pump using a clutch-type clutch.
- the system further comprises selection means for activating only said AC motor and therefore driving the axis of said pump when the two motors are supplied.
- said selection means comprise an electromagnetic relay supplied by said alternating voltage when the latter is connected and a switch in the supply circuit of said DC motor, said switch being normally closed and going into the open position when said electromagnetic relay is supplied by said alternating voltage so that said DC motor ceases to be activated as soon as said AC voltage is connected.
- said selection means are constituted by a control logic such as an electromagnetic card or CMOS technology.
- the system further comprises a reservoir into which the desalinated water is sent after it has passed through said membrane.
- the system further comprises a solenoid valve for sending the desalinated water into said tank when the quality of said water is sufficient and for rejecting the desalinated water when its quality is insufficient.
- the system further comprises means for analyzing the salinity of the water to provide a potability threshold and a non-potability threshold corresponding to a salinity higher than the potability threshold. , said water being discharged only when its salinity exceeds the non-potable threshold, and the water being stored in said reservoir after having been discharged for insufficient quality only when its salinity has dropped below said potable threshold.
- the system is on board a boat such as a sailboat.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the configuration of the seawater desalination system, said configuration showing the pump positioned between the DC motor and the AC motor used to drive said pump,
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the electrical connections of the seawater desalination system
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a crutch type clutch used to fix pulleys on the pump shaft.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a boat in which a seawater desalination system has been installed.
- the desalination system 1 according to the present invention is shown inside the hull of a boat 10.
- the desalination of sea water 100 is carried out using a reverse osmosis cell 12 comprising a membrane semi-permeable.
- the seawater 100 is sent under pressure to the reverse osmosis cell 12.
- the pressure, used within the reverse osmosis cell 12 is typically at least 26 bars. During use, the pressure can reach a level of about 65 bars.
- water (H2O) can pass through the semi-permeable membrane while the mineral salts, contained in seawater 100, cannot. This makes it possible to obtain fresh water whose salinity rate is below a defined threshold which allows the use of said fresh water on board the boat 10.
- the sea water 100 to be desalinated is introduced by means of a pump 20 used to suck said sea water 100 to be desalinated by the inlet valve 14.
- This water passes through easily.
- a filter 16 adapted to retain particles of size greater than a threshold determined by said filter 16.
- said filter 16 must be cleaned periodically.
- the sea water 100 to be desalinated is then sent, via a pipe 17, to a pump unit comprising a pump 20, a direct current motor 22 and an alternating current motor 24.
- the two motors 22, 24 are positioned on the opposite side of the pump 20 and are connected to the axis of said pump 20 to allow the drive of said pump axis 20.
- the configuration and the connections between pump 20, the motor DC 22 and the AC motor 24 are described in detail in FIG. 2.
- the pump 20, driven either by the DC motor 22 or by the AC motor 24, is used to force the passage of seawater 100 to desalinate through the pipe 26 against the semi-permeable membrane located at the interior of the reverse osmosis cell 12.
- the fresh water thus collected is collected at the outlet of the reverse osmosis cell 12 and is then transported via the pipe 28 to a solenoid valve 30.
- the solenoid valve 30 is used either for send the water, via the pipe 32, to a fresh water tank 34, when its salinity rate is below a determined threshold, either to evacuate the water towards the outside of the boat, via the pipe 36 and the valve evacuation 37, when its salinity level is above the determined threshold and the water quality does not correspond to the pre-determined quality criteria.
- the option offering the possibility of sending water either to the pipe 32 or to the pipe 36 using the solenoid valve 30 is controlled by a control element 38.
- Said control element 38 can be in the form of a simple electronic card produced using CMOS technology.
- the command, generated and transmitted by the control element 38 takes account of the parameters of the water collected at the outlet of the reverse osmosis cell 12. These characteristics relate, among other things, to the salinity of the water supplied by a salinity detector provided with two electrodes measuring the salinity of water by electrical resistivity.
- the salinity detector makes it possible to measure two salinity thresholds.
- the first salinity threshold is a potability threshold
- the second threshold is a non-potability threshold
- the system When the salinity threshold is lower than the potability threshold, the system noting that the water is potable sends this to the reservoir 34 via the pipe 32. On the other hand, when the salinity threshold is greater than the potability threshold, the system waits until the non-potability threshold is crossed to discharge the water into the sea via pipe 36. If, thereafter, the salinity rate decreases, the water continues to be discharged into the sea until the salinity level goes below the potability threshold. At this precise moment, the water being considered as sufficiently drinkable is again directed towards the reservoir 34 via the pipe 32.
- This control procedure using the solenoid valve 30 and the control element 38 in three stages, guarantees a production quality and high reliability.
- FIG. 2 represents a schematic view of the pump unit 18 comprising the pump 20, the direct current motor 22 and the alternating current motor 24.
- the pump 20 has an axis 21 on which two pulleys are fixed.
- the first pulley 40 is connected to the drive shaft of the DC motor 22 by a belt 42.
- the second pulley 44 is connected to the drive shaft of the AC motor 24 by a belt 46.
- Each of the pulleys 40, 44 is mounted on the axis 21 of the pump 20 in freewheeling.
- the friction force exerted on the axis 21 of the pump 20 by the other pulley is less than the friction force exerted by l other engine stopped.
- the pulley of the motor which is not in rotation is freewheeling.
- the direct current motor 22 it drives the rotation of the pulley 40 by means of the belt 42 and therefore causes the rotation of the axis of the pump.
- the friction force exerted by the shaft of the AC motor 24 being higher than the friction force exerted by the pulley, the pulley 24 is freewheeling.
- the belt 46 remains stationary and does not drive the AC motor 24.
- the pulley 40 will coast.
- the belt 42 remains stationary and does not drive the DC motor 22.
- the pulleys 40, 44 are fixed to the axis 21 of the pump 20 using crutch-type clutches.
- a fixing of this type makes it possible, on the one hand, to drive the pump using one of the two motors 22, 24, and, on the other hand, allows the pulleys to operate in freewheeling mode as soon as the corresponding motor is not activated (as explained above).
- the pump unit 18 is provided with a support 19, said support being able to be used to assemble said pump unit before its installation inside a boat.
- the pump unit can be introduced into a relatively small space and can be moved in the direction of the arrow, as shown in Figure 2.
- the front face (as shown in FIG. 2) remains accessible during the use of the system 1 according to the invention so that the maintenance of said pump unit can be carried out.
- the rotating elements and the belts 42, 46 are accessible from the same side of the pump unit 18.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the pump block 18 as well as an electrical connection allowing the operation of the DC motor 22 and the AC motor 24.
- the system 1 has a power supply from a battery 48 and a power supply 50 of 220 volts supplied by a generator.
- the battery 48 is suitable for a 12 or 24 volt supply.
- AC power is given priority, as shown in Figure 3 which shows an embodiment of an electrical system to which the pump unit 18 is connected. Indeed, assuming that the DC motor 22 is powered by the battery 48, the switch 52 is in the closed position.
- the electromagnetic relay 54 is activated and the switch 52 opens, thereby cutting off the supply to the DC motor 22.
- the supply of the DC motor 22 or the AC motor 24 is controlled by the control element 38 (as shown in Figure 1).
- Said control system 38 could be used to optimize the system and control the exact operating mode of the system 1 according to the invention.
- the control element 38 could be used to manage the various time delays, such as a time delay of a few seconds, implemented before being able to collect the potable water in the reservoir after the start-up of the desalination system 1 according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a crutch type clutch 60, said clutch comprising an inner wheel 61 and an outer wheel 62.
- Intermediate elements 63 are present between the inner wheel 61 and the outer wheel 62. The presence, and the specific shape of said elements 63, allows rotation of the inner wheel 61 causing the corresponding rotation of the outer wheel 62.
- the inner wheel 61 can also be rotated without having an impact on the outer wheel 62.
- the intermediate elements 63 are held in place by means of a positioning element 64.
- the intermediate elements 63 can transmit the drive from the inner wheel 61 to the outer wheel 62 in the case where the inner wheel rotates in the direction of arrow 70, as shown in FIG. 4.
- the outer surface of said inner wheel 61 comes into contact with the intermediate element 63, according to a contact point 67.
- the intermediate element 63 comes into contact with the inner surface of the outer wheel 62, according to a contact point 66. Thanks to this contact, the rotation of the inner wheel 61 can drive the corresponding rotation of the outer wheel 62. Otherwise, if the inner wheel 61 is rotated in the direction of arrow 75, as shown in FIG. 4, the shape of the intermediate elements 63 allows the crutch type clutch to coast. This means that the inner wheel 61 can be rotated in the direction of the arrow 75 without any force being exerted on the outer wheel 62.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19806308.3A EP3867198A1 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2019-10-15 | Seawater desalination system for ships |
AU2019363347A AU2019363347A1 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2019-10-15 | Seawater desalination system for ships |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1871188A FR3087183B1 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2018-10-16 | SEAWATER DESALINATION SYSTEM FOR BOATS |
FRFR1871188 | 2018-10-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020079361A1 true WO2020079361A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
Family
ID=65951700
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2019/052436 WO2020079361A1 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2019-10-15 | Seawater desalination system for ships |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3867198A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2019363347A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3087183B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020079361A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3726371A (en) * | 1968-07-24 | 1973-04-10 | Kreske W | Torque device for winches and the like |
FR2802508A1 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2001-06-22 | Dessalator | Sea water desalination system for use on ship has pump supplying water to reverse osmosis module selectively driven by AC and DC motors |
JP2006322477A (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-30 | Ntn Corp | Belt transmission device for surface boat |
US20070163932A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2007-07-19 | Bianchi Gianfranco | Operating group for integrated production of energy and desalinated water |
CN102184273B (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-29 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Finite element model building and updating method of sprag clutch wedge block surface stress |
-
2018
- 2018-10-16 FR FR1871188A patent/FR3087183B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-10-15 AU AU2019363347A patent/AU2019363347A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-10-15 WO PCT/FR2019/052436 patent/WO2020079361A1/en unknown
- 2019-10-15 EP EP19806308.3A patent/EP3867198A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3726371A (en) * | 1968-07-24 | 1973-04-10 | Kreske W | Torque device for winches and the like |
FR2802508A1 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2001-06-22 | Dessalator | Sea water desalination system for use on ship has pump supplying water to reverse osmosis module selectively driven by AC and DC motors |
EP1240076A1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2002-09-18 | Dessalator S.a.r.l. | Desalination system of sea water for ship |
US20070163932A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2007-07-19 | Bianchi Gianfranco | Operating group for integrated production of energy and desalinated water |
JP2006322477A (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-30 | Ntn Corp | Belt transmission device for surface boat |
CN102184273B (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-29 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Finite element model building and updating method of sprag clutch wedge block surface stress |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2019363347A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
EP3867198A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
FR3087183A1 (en) | 2020-04-17 |
FR3087183B1 (en) | 2021-05-07 |
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