WO2020073144A1 - Device and method for controlling output power of cylinder in batches in internal combustion engine, and energy conservation method - Google Patents
Device and method for controlling output power of cylinder in batches in internal combustion engine, and energy conservation method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020073144A1 WO2020073144A1 PCT/CN2018/000381 CN2018000381W WO2020073144A1 WO 2020073144 A1 WO2020073144 A1 WO 2020073144A1 CN 2018000381 W CN2018000381 W CN 2018000381W WO 2020073144 A1 WO2020073144 A1 WO 2020073144A1
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- internal combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
- F02D17/02—Cutting-out
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to various internal combustion engines. Specifically, the intake air volume of each cylinder when the internal combustion engine is working is changed to be adjusted in batches as needed, so that the internal combustion engine cylinders work as best as possible (highest energy efficiency ratio, minimum pollution); At medium speed and low load, a part of the cylinder throttle valve is closed, fuel injection is stopped, exhaust gas is injected into the intake manifold through the exhaust gas recirculation EGR system to reduce piston movement resistance, and prevent oil from being sucked into the cylinder, keeping the system temperature moderate And ways to reduce energy consumption.
- the internal combustion engine When the internal combustion engine is working, it has an optimal working condition. Under this working condition, the internal combustion engine's energy consumption ratio (ratio of output power to energy consumed) is the highest, and the pollution is the smallest, which exceeds the range of the optimal working condition. The efficiency ratio will decrease and pollution will increase.
- the best working condition of the internal combustion engine is at medium speed and medium load. Take the car with a displacement of 1.6 liters and a maximum speed of 200km / h as an example. The best working condition of its internal combustion engine is usually around 90km / h.
- the car must meet the maximum speed and acceleration
- the car's internal combustion engine displacement cannot be selected too small; if the car is driven in the city (usually at a speed of about 50km / h), the internal combustion engine's displacement should not be too large.
- the main methods currently used by automobile manufacturers are: (1) Turbocharged or variable intake valve phase technology is used to increase the maximum output power of the internal combustion engine, so that small-displacement vehicles can also achieve greater output power, Using this method makes the fuel consumption of today's cars much lower than in the past. This method can only increase the output power of the internal combustion engine, not the torque of the internal combustion engine, so it is not perfect.
- the present invention is to change the intake manifold structure of the internal combustion engine and increase the number of throttles while keeping the main structure of the internal combustion engine basically unchanged. Throttle internal combustion engine cylinder "increase in batches" air supply mode.
- the specific method is to change the intake air volume of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine to be equal (of course, the fuel injection volume is equal and the output power is also equal) under any working condition to improve the efficiency of the internal combustion engine at medium speed and small load, while ensuring the performance and power of the internal combustion engine Low condition (1) Increase the intake air of some cylinders to make it enter the best working condition as soon as possible; (2) Close the throttle of the remaining cylinders, stop the injection of the fuel injection nozzle, and open the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve to the maximum , Inject a large amount of cooled exhaust gas into the intake manifold to reduce the resistance of the piston during movement, and prevent the oil from being sucked into the cylinder, so that the temperature of the components in the system is moderate.
- the features of the present invention are: (1) Intake manifold structure and number of throttles: There are 2 or more throttles (including idle speed) on the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine Motor), the throttle valve can be arranged in series or in parallel, each throttle valve controls the air intake of some cylinders; the intake system composed of each throttle valve is equipped with an intake sensor (such as a pressure sensor or flow sensor), through The sensor measures the air pressure or intake air quantity of the intake manifold to control the fuel injection quantity of the cylinder injector in the system; the throttle position sensor is installed above the throttle valve, and the internal combustion engine computer determines the load size of the engine cylinder according to the opening degree of the throttle valve.
- an intake sensor such as a pressure sensor or flow sensor
- this new intake control mechanism is called “n-throttle internal combustion engine”, and the corresponding car is called “n-throttle vehicle” (n: number of throttles).
- Air distribution method the intake air volume of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is changed from the current equal air distribution mode to batch adjustment of the air distribution mode, so that the internal combustion engine can increase the intake air volume of only a batch of cylinders under small load conditions (The intake air of the remaining cylinders is basically unchanged or even closed), let these cylinders enter the optimal working condition of medium load in advance, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption and reducing air pollution.
- the invention can reduce the energy consumption of the internal combustion engine at medium speed and low load, and reduce environmental pollution on the premise of ensuring that the power performance, noise, vibration, etc. of the internal combustion engine are basically unchanged. Taking an automobile as an example, most of the time is running at medium speed. The internal combustion engine works under low load conditions, with high energy consumption and serious exhaust gas).
- the present invention only changes the intake manifold structure of the internal combustion engine, increases the number of throttle valves, exhaust gas recirculation EGR valves and intake sensors, and does not involve high-temperature, high-speed, high-load components of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the device of the present invention has stable performance and low failure rate.
- the device of the present invention does not involve the main structure of the internal combustion engine, it is widely applicable to various types of internal combustion engines currently in use, such as naturally aspirated and turbocharged.
- the structure is simple and easy to promote. Because the scope of the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine is small, and the structure of the intake manifold is simple, the manufacturing equipment and process requirements are not high, so it is easy to popularize.
- the old equipment is simple to transform, low cost, and easy to popularize quickly.
- the invention does not involve the main structure of the internal combustion engine, and only needs to replace the intake manifold and the engine control computer ECU (provided that the internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas recirculation EGR system). Therefore, the retrofit of the old equipment is relatively simple, the retrofit cost is low, and it is easy to quickly popularize.
- the drawings of the present invention take the most common 4-cylinder internal combustion engine as an example, and depict the structural schematic diagrams of "two throttles installed in parallel” and "two throttles installed in series”.
- the structure and control method of the intake manifold of other types of internal combustion engines or different numbers of throttles are basically the same, so they will not be described one by one.
- the principle of the present invention is to divide the internal combustion engine cylinder into two or more batches, the intake air volume of each batch of cylinders is controlled by the corresponding throttle valve, and the fuel injection volume of the cylinder injector is controlled by the internal combustion engine computer ECU according to the throttle valve rotation angle and the area
- the intake pressure or intake flow rate measured by the air sensor inside is controlled, and at the same time, feedback adjustment is performed according to the voltage measured by the oxygen sensor of the cylinder exhaust port.
- the following takes the simplest structure of the attached drawing 1: "Two throttles installed in parallel" as an example for detailed description.
- Idle speed condition When the internal combustion engine is started, the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 2 are closed. At this time, the intake air of each cylinder is controlled by the idle motor.
- the working condition of the internal combustion engine is exactly the same as the idle speed condition when the single throttle internal combustion engine is started.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
A device and method for reducing energy consumption when an internal combustion engine has a small load, comprising two or more throttle valves (1, 3), each throttle valve (1, 3) controlling some of the cylinder air intake; each throttle valve (1, 3) has behind itself an intake manifold, an air sensor (2, 4), oil nozzles (5, 6, 7, 8), an exhaust gas recirculation valve (9, 10), and a cylinder. When the internal combustion engine operates at a medium rotational speed and has a small load, some of the cylinder air intake is increased while ensuring that the total output power of the internal combustion engine meets the requirements, thereby enabling the internal combustion engine to enter an optimal working condition; the throttle valves (1, 3) of the rest of the cylinder are closed, the oil injection is stopped, and the exhaust gas recirculation valves (9, 10) are opened to the maximum, thereby keeping the movement resistance of pistons at the minimum and the temperatures of components inside of the system moderate, and preventing motor oil from being sucked into the cylinder.
Description
本发明涉及各种内燃机，具体地说是将现在内燃机工作时各气缸进气量相等改为按需分批调节，使内燃机气缸尽可能工作在最佳状况(能效比最高、污染最小)；在中速低负荷时，将部分气缸节气门关闭、停止喷油，通过废气再循环EGR***将废气注入进气歧管来减少活塞运动阻力，并防止机油吸入气缸、保持***温度适中的一种装置及降低能耗的方法。The present invention relates to various internal combustion engines. Specifically, the intake air volume of each cylinder when the internal combustion engine is working is changed to be adjusted in batches as needed, so that the internal combustion engine cylinders work as best as possible (highest energy efficiency ratio, minimum pollution); At medium speed and low load, a part of the cylinder throttle valve is closed, fuel injection is stopped, exhaust gas is injected into the intake manifold through the exhaust gas recirculation EGR system to reduce piston movement resistance, and prevent oil from being sucked into the cylinder, keeping the system temperature moderate And ways to reduce energy consumption.
内燃机在工作时，都有一个最佳工况，在此工况下工作，内燃机的能耗比(输出功率与消耗的能源之比)最高，污染最小，超出了最佳工况范围，内燃机的效耗比都将下降，污染增加。内燃机的最佳工况是在中速中等负荷时，以排量1.6升最高时速200km/h的汽车为例，它的内燃机最佳工况通常在90km/h左右，汽车要满足最高时速及加速度的要求，汽车内燃机排量就不能选择太小；要使汽车在市内行驶时(通常时速在50km/h左右)内燃机工作在最佳工况下，汽车内燃机排量就不能太大。如何解决这个问题，目前汽车厂商采用的主要方法是：(1)采用涡轮增压或进气门相位可变技术来提高内燃机的最大输出功率，让小排量汽车也能达到较大输出功率，采用这种方法使得当今汽车油耗比过去下降了许多。这种方法只能提高内燃机的输出功率，不能提高内燃机的扭矩，因此也不是十分完美。(2)混合动力汽车，在低负荷工况下，电量允许时采取电机驱动，电量不足时，采用内燃机驱动，由于此时内燃机不仅要驱动汽车行驶，同时还要带动发电机给蓄电池充电，这就增加了内燃机的负荷，使内燃机提前进入到最佳工况。由于混合动力汽车结构复杂，电瓶体积大及制造成本高，汽车空间利用率低等原因，影响了其使用推广。When the internal combustion engine is working, it has an optimal working condition. Under this working condition, the internal combustion engine's energy consumption ratio (ratio of output power to energy consumed) is the highest, and the pollution is the smallest, which exceeds the range of the optimal working condition. The efficiency ratio will decrease and pollution will increase. The best working condition of the internal combustion engine is at medium speed and medium load. Take the car with a displacement of 1.6 liters and a maximum speed of 200km / h as an example. The best working condition of its internal combustion engine is usually around 90km / h. The car must meet the maximum speed and acceleration The car's internal combustion engine displacement cannot be selected too small; if the car is driven in the city (usually at a speed of about 50km / h), the internal combustion engine's displacement should not be too large. How to solve this problem, the main methods currently used by automobile manufacturers are: (1) Turbocharged or variable intake valve phase technology is used to increase the maximum output power of the internal combustion engine, so that small-displacement vehicles can also achieve greater output power, Using this method makes the fuel consumption of today's cars much lower than in the past. This method can only increase the output power of the internal combustion engine, not the torque of the internal combustion engine, so it is not perfect. (2) In the case of hybrid vehicles, under low load conditions, the motor is used to drive when the power is allowed, and the internal combustion engine is used when the power is insufficient, because the internal combustion engine not only drives the car, but also drives the generator to charge the battery. It increases the load of the internal combustion engine, so that the internal combustion engine enters the best working condition in advance. Due to the complex structure of the hybrid electric vehicle, the large volume of the battery and the high manufacturing cost, and the low utilization rate of the automobile space, it has affected its use and promotion.
在石油资源越来越稀缺、空气污染越来越严重的今天，还有什么办法来进一步降低汽车能耗，特别是降低大功率内燃机的能耗呢？现在内燃机大部分时间工作在小负荷状态(比如城市内市区内行驶的汽车)，这时每个气缸都工作在非最佳工况下，能效低、污染重。我们能否重新分配气缸的输出功率，让一部分气缸输出功率降低或者不做工，同时让另一部分气缸输出功率提高，在保证内燃机输出总功率满足使用要求的情况下，让一部分气缸提前进入到最佳工况，从而降低内燃机在小负荷时的能耗，减少空气污染呢？Today, with oil resources becoming scarce and air pollution becoming more and more serious, is there any way to further reduce the energy consumption of automobiles, especially the energy consumption of high-power internal combustion engines? At present, the internal combustion engine works most of the time in a small load state (such as a car driving in an urban area). At this time, each cylinder works under non-optimal working conditions, with low energy efficiency and heavy pollution. Can we redistribute the output power of the cylinders, reduce the output power of some cylinders or not work, and increase the output power of the other cylinders, while ensuring that the total output power of the internal combustion engine meets the requirements of use, let some cylinders enter the best in advance Operating conditions, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the internal combustion engine at small loads and reducing air pollution?
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明是在保持内燃机主体结构基本不变的情况下，通过更改内燃机进气 歧管结构，增加节气门数量，将单节气门内燃机各气缸配气采用的“等量”供气方式变为多节气门内燃机气缸“分批递增”供气方式。具体方法是：将内燃机在任何工作情况下各个气缸进气量相等(当然喷油量也相等、输出功率也相等)变为在保证内燃机性能、动力的前提下，改善内燃机中速小负荷时效率低下的状况(1)增加部分气缸的进气量，使其尽早进入最佳工况；(2)将余下气缸的节气门关闭、喷油嘴停止喷油，同时废气再循环EGR阀开启到最大，向进气歧管注入大量冷却后的废气来降低活塞运动时的阻力，并防止机油吸入气缸，使***内部件温度适中。The present invention is to change the intake manifold structure of the internal combustion engine and increase the number of throttles while keeping the main structure of the internal combustion engine basically unchanged. Throttle internal combustion engine cylinder "increase in batches" air supply mode. The specific method is to change the intake air volume of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine to be equal (of course, the fuel injection volume is equal and the output power is also equal) under any working condition to improve the efficiency of the internal combustion engine at medium speed and small load, while ensuring the performance and power of the internal combustion engine Low condition (1) Increase the intake air of some cylinders to make it enter the best working condition as soon as possible; (2) Close the throttle of the remaining cylinders, stop the injection of the fuel injection nozzle, and open the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve to the maximum , Inject a large amount of cooled exhaust gas into the intake manifold to reduce the resistance of the piston during movement, and prevent the oil from being sucked into the cylinder, so that the temperature of the components in the system is moderate.
本发明(内燃机分批控制输出功率的装置及方法)的特征是：(1)进气歧管结构与节气门数量：内燃机进气歧管上有2个或2个以上的节气门(含怠速电机)，节气门可以串联布置也可并联布置，每个节气门控制部分气缸的进气量；每个节气门组成的进气***都安装有进气传感器(如压力传感器或流量传感器)，通过传感器测量进气歧管的气压或进气量来控制***内气缸喷油嘴的喷油量；节气门上面安装有节气门位置传感器，内燃机电脑根据节气门的开启度确定内燃机气缸的负荷大小、并根据节气门运动方向来调整喷油量；每个节气门后面安装一个废气再循环EGR阀，并与内燃机废气再循环EGR管道连接，当部分气缸节气门关闭(停止喷油)的同时，***内废气再循环EGR阀开启到最大，让冷却后的废气尽量多进入进气歧管，使活塞运动阻力最小、***内各部件温度保持适中，并防止机油吸入气缸。为区别现有的进气控制机构，把这种新的进气控制机构称为“n节气门内燃机”，相应的汽车称为“n节气门汽车”(n：节气门数量)。(2)配气方法：内燃机各个气缸的进气量由现在的等量配气方式变为分批调节配气方式，使内燃机在小负荷工况时，通过只增加一批气缸的进气量(其余气缸的进气基本保持不变甚至关闭)，提前让这批气缸进入到中负荷最佳工况，从而达到降低能耗、减少空气污染的目的。(3)综合降耗与控制方法：为减少不输出功率活塞运动时的阻力，防止机油吸入气缸，使***保持适宜的温度，在每个节气门后面的进气歧管上安装废气再循环EGR阀，当节气门关闭时，对应的废气再循环EGR阀完全打开，使尽量多的冷却后废气进入进气歧管。其它情况下废气再循环EGR阀控制方式与常规单节气门内燃机相同。The features of the present invention (device and method for controlling output power of internal combustion engine in batches) are: (1) Intake manifold structure and number of throttles: There are 2 or more throttles (including idle speed) on the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine Motor), the throttle valve can be arranged in series or in parallel, each throttle valve controls the air intake of some cylinders; the intake system composed of each throttle valve is equipped with an intake sensor (such as a pressure sensor or flow sensor), through The sensor measures the air pressure or intake air quantity of the intake manifold to control the fuel injection quantity of the cylinder injector in the system; the throttle position sensor is installed above the throttle valve, and the internal combustion engine computer determines the load size of the engine cylinder according to the opening degree of the throttle valve. And adjust the fuel injection quantity according to the movement direction of the throttle valve; install an exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve behind each throttle valve, and connect it with the exhaust gas recirculation EGR pipeline of the internal combustion engine. When part of the cylinder throttle valve is closed (the fuel injection is stopped), the system The internal exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve is opened to the maximum, allowing the cooled exhaust gas to enter the intake manifold as much as possible, so that the resistance of the piston movement is minimized, and the temperature of each component in the system is maintained Moderate and prevent oil from being sucked into the cylinder. In order to distinguish the existing intake control mechanism, this new intake control mechanism is called "n-throttle internal combustion engine", and the corresponding car is called "n-throttle vehicle" (n: number of throttles). (2) Air distribution method: the intake air volume of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is changed from the current equal air distribution mode to batch adjustment of the air distribution mode, so that the internal combustion engine can increase the intake air volume of only a batch of cylinders under small load conditions (The intake air of the remaining cylinders is basically unchanged or even closed), let these cylinders enter the optimal working condition of medium load in advance, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption and reducing air pollution. (3) Comprehensive consumption reduction and control method: In order to reduce the resistance when the non-power piston moves, prevent the oil from being sucked into the cylinder, and keep the system at a suitable temperature, install exhaust gas recirculation EGR on the intake manifold behind each throttle Valve, when the throttle is closed, the corresponding exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve is fully opened, so that as much cooled exhaust gas as possible enters the intake manifold. In other cases, the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve control method is the same as the conventional single-throttle internal combustion engine.
本发明的优点和积极效果：Advantages and positive effects of the present invention:
1.降低能耗(排量越大节能越显著)，减少污染。本发明能在保证内燃机动力性能、噪音、震动等基本不变的前提下，降低中速低负荷时内燃机的能耗，减少环境污染(以汽车为例，绝大部分时间都是中速行驶，内燃机工作在低负 荷工况，能耗高、废气严重)。1. Reduce energy consumption (the greater the displacement, the more significant energy saving) and reduce pollution. The invention can reduce the energy consumption of the internal combustion engine at medium speed and low load, and reduce environmental pollution on the premise of ensuring that the power performance, noise, vibration, etc. of the internal combustion engine are basically unchanged. Taking an automobile as an example, most of the time is running at medium speed. The internal combustion engine works under low load conditions, with high energy consumption and serious exhaust gas).
2.性能稳定，故障率低。本发明仅仅改变内燃机的进气歧管结构、增加节气门、废气再循环EGR阀及进气传感器数量，不牵扯到内燃机高温、高速、高负荷部件，因此本发明装置性能稳定，故障率低。2. Stable performance and low failure rate. The present invention only changes the intake manifold structure of the internal combustion engine, increases the number of throttle valves, exhaust gas recirculation EGR valves and intake sensors, and does not involve high-temperature, high-speed, high-load components of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the device of the present invention has stable performance and low failure rate.
3.适用面广。本发明装置由于不牵扯到内燃机主体结构，因此广泛适用于自然吸气、涡轮增压等现在使用的各种内燃机。3. Wide application. Since the device of the present invention does not involve the main structure of the internal combustion engine, it is widely applicable to various types of internal combustion engines currently in use, such as naturally aspirated and turbocharged.
4.结构简单、容易推广。由于本发明涉及内燃机的范围小，且进气歧管结构简单，制作设备、工艺要求不高，因此容易推广。4. The structure is simple and easy to promote. Because the scope of the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine is small, and the structure of the intake manifold is simple, the manufacturing equipment and process requirements are not high, so it is easy to popularize.
5.老设备改造简单、成本低廉，容易迅速普及。本发明不牵扯到内燃机主体结构，仅仅需要更换进气歧管和发动机控制电脑ECU(前提是内燃机具有废气再循环EGR***)，因此老设备改造相对简单、改造成本较低，容易迅速普及。5. The old equipment is simple to transform, low cost, and easy to popularize quickly. The invention does not involve the main structure of the internal combustion engine, and only needs to replace the intake manifold and the engine control computer ECU (provided that the internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas recirculation EGR system). Therefore, the retrofit of the old equipment is relatively simple, the retrofit cost is low, and it is easy to quickly popularize.
本发明的附图是以最为常见的4气缸内燃机为例，绘出“2个节气门并联安装”及“2个节气门串联安装”的结构示意图。其它类型内燃机或不同节气门数量的进气歧管结构与控制方法与此基本相同，因此不再一一叙述。The drawings of the present invention take the most common 4-cylinder internal combustion engine as an example, and depict the structural schematic diagrams of "two throttles installed in parallel" and "two throttles installed in series". The structure and control method of the intake manifold of other types of internal combustion engines or different numbers of throttles are basically the same, so they will not be described one by one.
说明书附图1：“4气缸内燃机2个节气门并联安装”结构示意图。Attached Figure 1 of the specification: "4 cylinder internal combustion engine with 2 throttles installed in parallel" structure diagram.
说明书附图2：“4气缸内燃机2个节气门串联安装”结构示意图。Attached Figure 2 of the specification: "4 cylinder internal combustion engine with 2 throttle valves installed in series" structure diagram.
图中：1-节气门及怠速电机1，2-空气传感器(含压力及温度测量)1 3-节气门及怠速电机2，4-空气传感器(含压力及温度测量)2 5-气缸1喷油嘴，6-气缸2喷油嘴 7-气缸3喷油嘴，8-气缸4喷油嘴，9-废气再循环EGR阀1 10-废气再循环EGR阀2In the picture: 1-throttle valve and idle speed motor 1,2-air sensor (including pressure and temperature measurement) 1 3-throttle valve and idle speed motor 2,4-air sensor (including pressure and temperature measurement) 2 5-cylinder 1 spray Fuel nozzle, 6-cylinder 2 fuel injector 7-cylinder 3 fuel injector, 8-cylinder 4 fuel injector, 9- exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve 1 10- exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve 2
本发明的原理是：将内燃机气缸分成2批或者多批，每批气缸的进气量由对应的节气门控制，气缸喷油嘴的喷油量由内燃机电脑ECU根据节气门旋转角度及该区域内的空气传感器测出的进气压力或进气流量进行控制，同时根据气缸排气口氧传感器测出的电压进行反馈调整。为了叙述简便，下面以结构最为简单的附图1：“2个节气门并联安装”为例进行详细说明。The principle of the present invention is to divide the internal combustion engine cylinder into two or more batches, the intake air volume of each batch of cylinders is controlled by the corresponding throttle valve, and the fuel injection volume of the cylinder injector is controlled by the internal combustion engine computer ECU according to the throttle valve rotation angle and the area The intake pressure or intake flow rate measured by the air sensor inside is controlled, and at the same time, feedback adjustment is performed according to the voltage measured by the oxygen sensor of the cylinder exhaust port. In order to simplify the description, the following takes the simplest structure of the attached drawing 1: "Two throttles installed in parallel" as an example for detailed description.
1、怠速工况：内燃机启动时，节气门1和节气门2处于关闭状态，此时各气缸进气量由怠速电机控制，内燃机工作状况与单节气门内燃机启动时的怠速状况完全一样。1. Idle speed condition: When the internal combustion engine is started, the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 2 are closed. At this time, the intake air of each cylinder is controlled by the idle motor. The working condition of the internal combustion engine is exactly the same as the idle speed condition when the single throttle internal combustion engine is started.
2、起始低速工况：开始加大油门时，节气门1、节气门2开启 角度同步增加，4个气缸进气量(喷油量)亦同步增加。此时内燃机工作状况与单节气门内燃机起步时的情况完全相同。2. Initial low-speed operating conditions: When starting to increase the throttle, the opening angles of throttle valve 1 and throttle valve 2 increase synchronously, and the intake air volume (fuel injection volume) of the 4 cylinders also increase synchronously. At this time, the working condition of the internal combustion engine is exactly the same as that when the single-throttle internal combustion engine is started.
3、中速小负荷工况：当内燃机转速超过设定转速(比如说1500r/min)时，节气门1开启角度若没有达到最佳工况的设定值，节气门2开启角度开始减小，同时节气门1开启角度开始增大，在保证内燃机输出功率满足使用要求的情况下，尽量让节气门1开启角度达到气缸最佳工况的设定值。此时，节气门2关闭及***内喷油嘴停止喷油，废气再循环EGR阀2开启到最大。3. Medium speed and light load working conditions: When the engine speed exceeds the set speed (for example, 1500r / min), if the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 does not reach the set value of the optimal operating conditions, the opening angle of the throttle valve 2 begins to decrease At the same time, the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 begins to increase. Under the condition of ensuring that the output power of the internal combustion engine meets the requirements of use, the opening angle of the throttle valve 1 should reach the setting value of the best working condition of the cylinder as much as possible. At this time, the throttle valve 2 is closed and the fuel injection nozzles in the system are stopped, and the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve 2 is opened to the maximum.
4、中速中负荷工况：当节气门1开启角度达到最佳工况的上限，继续加大油门时，节气门1开启角度不再增加，节气门2打开，废气再循环EGR阀2关小(废气进气量与单节气门内燃机控制方法相同)，***内喷油嘴开始喷油，直至节气门2开启角度也达到气缸2、气缸3最佳工况的上限。4. Medium-speed and medium-load working conditions: When the opening angle of throttle valve 1 reaches the upper limit of the optimal working conditions, and the throttle is further increased, the opening angle of throttle valve 1 will no longer increase, throttle valve 2 will open, and exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve 2 will close. Small (the exhaust gas intake amount is the same as the control method of the single-throttle internal combustion engine), the fuel injection nozzle in the system starts to inject fuel until the opening angle of the throttle valve 2 also reaches the upper limit of the optimal working conditions of the cylinder 2 and the cylinder 3.
5、高速大负荷工况：当节气门1、节气门2开启角度均达到最佳工况的上限时，再继续加大油门(内燃机工作进入大负荷区间)时，节气门1和节气门2开度同步继续增加。这时内燃机的4个气缸输出功率相等，直至内燃机达到最大输出功率。5. High-speed and heavy-load operating conditions: When the opening angles of throttle valve 1 and throttle valve 2 reach the upper limit of the optimal operating conditions, and then continue to increase the throttle (the internal combustion engine works into the heavy load interval), throttle valve 1 and throttle valve 2 The opening synchronization continues to increase. At this time, the output power of the four cylinders of the internal combustion engine is equal until the internal combustion engine reaches the maximum output power.
6、减小输出功率时与上述1-5条正好相反，因此不再叙述说明。6. When reducing the output power, it is exactly the opposite of the above 1-5, so the description will not be described.
Claims (8)
- 一种内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，其特征在于：内燃机进气端有2个或2个以上的节气门(含怠速电机)，节气门可以采用并联布置或串联布置；每个节气门后面都有进气歧管、空气压力(或空气流量)传感器、喷油嘴、废气再循环EGR阀及气缸；每个节气门控制部分气缸，使其进气量可以独立、连续调节；当内燃机工作在中转速小负荷工况时，在保证内燃机总输出功率满足使用要求的同时，增大部分气缸进气量使其进入最佳工况，其余气缸节气门关闭(停止喷油)、不做工；部分气缸节气门关闭(停止喷油)的同时，***内废气再循环EGR阀开启到最大，让冷却后的废气尽量多进入进气歧管，使活塞运动阻力最小、***内各部件温度保持适中，并防止机油吸入气缸。A device for controlling the output power of cylinders in batches for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that there are two or more throttle valves (including idle speed motors) at the intake end of the internal combustion engine, and the throttle valves can be arranged in parallel or in series; each throttle valve The rear has an intake manifold, air pressure (or air flow) sensor, fuel injection nozzle, exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve and cylinder; each throttle valve controls part of the cylinder so that its intake air volume can be independently and continuously adjusted; when the internal combustion engine When working at medium speed and small load conditions, while ensuring that the total output power of the internal combustion engine meets the requirements for use, increase the intake air of some cylinders to make them enter the optimal working conditions, and the throttles of the other cylinders are closed (stop fuel injection) and no work is done The throttle of some cylinders is closed (the fuel injection is stopped), and the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve in the system is opened to the maximum, allowing the cooled exhaust gas to enter the intake manifold as much as possible, so that the resistance of the piston movement is minimized, and the temperature of each component in the system is maintained Moderate and prevent oil from being sucked into the cylinder.
- 根据权利要求1所述的内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，实现节能的方法其特征在于：内燃机启动时，所有节气门、废气再循环EGR阀关闭，进气量由怠速电机控制，各气缸进气量、喷油量相等，此时油耗与单节气门内燃机相同。The device for controlling the output power of cylinders of internal combustion engines in batches according to claim 1, a method for realizing energy saving is characterized in that: when the internal combustion engine is started, all throttle valves and exhaust gas recirculation EGR valves are closed, the intake air amount is controlled by the idle motor, and each cylinder The intake air amount and the fuel injection amount are equal. At this time, the fuel consumption is the same as that of the single-throttle internal combustion engine.
- 根据权利要求1所述的内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，实现节能的方法其特征在于：内燃机低转速小负荷时，为保证内燃机运转平稳，每个节气门都同步开启相同角度，各气缸进气量、喷油量相等，此时油耗与单节气门内燃机相同。The device for controlling the output of cylinders in batches of internal combustion engines according to claim 1, a method for realizing energy saving is characterized in that: when the internal combustion engine has a low speed and a small load, in order to ensure smooth operation of the internal combustion engine, each throttle valve is opened at the same angle synchronously, and each cylinder The intake air amount and the fuel injection amount are equal. At this time, the fuel consumption is the same as that of the single-throttle internal combustion engine.
- 根据权利要求1所述的内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，实现节能的方法其特征在于：内燃机中转速小负荷时，一部分气缸进气量较多，使其在最佳状况(能效比最高、污染最小)下工作；其余气缸节气门关闭、不喷油，废气再循环EGR阀开启到最大(类似于车辆下坡滑行)，此时内燃机整体油耗比单节气门内燃机低。The device for controlling the output of cylinders of internal combustion engines in batches according to claim 1, a method for realizing energy saving is characterized in that, when the engine speed is small and the load is small, some cylinders have a large intake air volume, which makes it in the best condition (the highest energy efficiency ratio) , Minimum pollution); the throttle of the remaining cylinders is closed, no fuel injection, and the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve is opened to the maximum (similar to the vehicle sliding downhill), at this time the overall fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine is lower than that of the single throttle internal combustion engine.
- 根据权利要求1所述的内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，实现节能的方法其特征在于：内燃机中速中负荷时，各节气门开启角度相同，各气缸进气量、喷油量相等，气缸均工作在中负荷最佳工况，此时油耗与单节气门内燃机相同。The device for controlling the output power of cylinders in batches for internal combustion engines according to claim 1, wherein the method for realizing energy saving is characterized in that when the internal combustion engine is at medium speed and medium load, the opening angles of the throttles are the same, and the intake and injection amounts of the cylinders are equal, The cylinders are all working at the optimal working condition of medium load, at this time the fuel consumption is the same as the single throttle internal combustion engine.
- 根据权利要求1所述的内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，实现节能的方法其特征在于：高速高负荷时，各节气门开启角度相同，各气缸进气量、喷油量相等，气缸均工作在高负荷工况，此时油耗与单节气门内燃机相同。The device for controlling the output power of cylinders of internal combustion engines in batches according to claim 1, a method for realizing energy saving is characterized in that at high speeds and high loads, the opening angles of the throttles are the same, the intake and injection amounts of the cylinders are equal, and the cylinders are equal. Working under high load conditions, the fuel consumption is the same as the single throttle internal combustion engine.
- 利用权利要求1所述的内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，实现权利要求2、权利要求3、权利要求4、权利要求5、权利要求6内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的节能方法，必须在每个节气门控制的进气歧管上安装空气传感器(如压力传感器、流量传感器)，通过空气传感器测量进气歧管的气压或进气量 来控制各***内气缸喷油嘴的喷油量。Using the device for controlling the cylinder output power of the internal combustion engine of claim 1 in batches to realize the energy saving method of controlling the cylinder output power of the internal combustion engine of claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, and claim 6 in An air sensor (such as a pressure sensor and a flow sensor) is installed on the intake manifold controlled by each throttle valve, and the air pressure or intake air quantity of the intake manifold is measured by the air sensor to control the fuel injection quantity of the cylinder fuel injection nozzle in each system .
- 利用权利要求1所述的内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的装置，实现权利要求2、权利要求3、权利要求4、权利要求5、权利要求6内燃机分批控制气缸输出功率的节能方法，必须在每个节气门控制的进气歧管上安装废气再循环EGR阀，并与内燃机废气再循环***连接，当需要将一部分气缸不输出功率时，分管该气缸的节气门完全关闭，不让空气进入进气歧管，同时废气再循环EGR阀开启至最大，让尽量多的冷却废气进入进气歧管。目的是减少活塞运动时的阻力，防止机油吸入气缸，同时使***内的温度保持适中。Using the device for controlling the cylinder output power of the internal combustion engine of claim 1 in batches to realize the energy saving method of controlling the cylinder output power of the internal combustion engine of claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, and claim 6 in An exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve is installed on the intake manifold controlled by each throttle valve, and is connected to the exhaust gas recirculation system of the internal combustion engine. When a part of the cylinders does not need to output power, the throttle valve in charge of the cylinder is completely closed to prevent air from entering. The intake manifold, while the exhaust gas recirculation EGR valve opens to the maximum, allows as much cooling exhaust gas as possible into the intake manifold. The purpose is to reduce the resistance when the piston moves, prevent the oil from being sucked into the cylinder, and keep the temperature in the system moderate.
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