WO2020065976A1

WO2020065976A1 - Cutting tool, turning tool and method of working on a workpiece

Info

Publication number: WO2020065976A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/036474
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christoph Zeiner; Andreas Widmann; Makoto Abe
Original assignee: Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp.
Priority date: 2018-09-28
Filing date: 2018-09-28
Publication date: 2020-04-02

Abstract

In accordance some illustrative embodiments a cutting tool is provided, the cutting tool comprising a rake face, a flank face, and a first side face, the rake face and the flank face forming a cutting edge therebetween, and the rake face and the first side face forming a first rake edge therebetween. The cutting tool further comprises a first fluid discharge port being arranged to direct a first stream of a fluid, which is supplied to the first fluid discharge port, along the first side face towards the first rake edge.

Description

CUTTING TOOL, TURNING TOOL AND METHOD OF WORKING ON A WORKPIECE

The disclosure relates to a cutting tool, a turning tool having a respective cutting tool, and a method of working on a workpiece.

In metal cutting operations, turning is one of the most common operations employed for machining a rotationally symmetric surface of a workpiece and the machining of rotationally symmetric surfaces of a workpiece by turning is normally accomplished by a turning device, such as a lathe. In turning operations, a workpiece is generally driven to rotate about a rotational axis and a cutting tool is brought into contact with the rotating workpiece so as to chip away surface material of the workpiece, thereby creating a desired rotationally symmetric surface configuration. This machining may be applied to external or internal surfaces of workpieces for producing an axially symmetrical contoured surface portion.

Turning devices have generally two basic components, such as means for holding a workpiece while it rotates, wherein the workpiece may be held on one or both of its end sides, and means for holding and moving cutting tools relative to the workpiece. Holding the workpiece at one end usually involves gripping the workpiece by chucks or collets, where chucks, for example, may be mounted on a spindle nose of a turning device, while collets are usually seated in the spindle of a turning device. The spindle of a turning device is mounted in the “headstock” of a turning device and contains the motor and gear train causing the rotational motion of the workpiece, i.e., driving the workpiece in a rotational movement around a rotational axis. At an opposite end of the turning apparatus relative to the rotational axis, a “tailstock” may be provided, which may be used for holding the workpiece at an end opposite to the end that is supported by the spindle.

Generally, when subjecting workpieces to processing of cutting materials by mechanical means, using tools such as saws, lathes and milling cutters, chips are formed. Herein, a type of chip formed during processes of cutting materials depends on many factors, however, including both of tool and material factors. Main factors represent the angle formed by edge faces of a tool used for processing, and also the angle at which this a cutting tool is oriented with respect to the surface under processing. The sharpness of a cutting tool does not define the type of chip, but rather determines the quality of a chip. For example, a blunt tool produces a degenerated chip that is large, torn and varies from one means of formation to another, often leaving behind a poor quality surface.

Basically, there are three types of chips produced in the metal machining and these are continuous, discontinuous and continuous with built up edge. Below, these types of chips are discussed.

A first type of chip is given by continuous chips which form during cutting of ductile material like aluminum, mild steel, copper, and so on, with a high cutting speed. The friction between a cutting tool and material under processing is minimal during this process. The conditions under which continuous chips usually form are further a large rake angle, a high cutting speed, and a low coefficient of friction for the tool.

A second type of chip is given by discontinuous or segmental chips which are formed when a brittle material like cast iron, brass and so on, is machined at low cutting speeds. This type of chip usually forms at relatively small rake angles.

A third type of chip is given by a continuous chip with built-up edge, the built-up edge forming due to the presence of high temperatures occurring between the tool and the workpiece under processing.

Chip management representing the handling and removal of chips created during metal processing by cutting tools is desirable for many reasons. For example, chips created during machining of metal materials can be extremely sharp and may cause serious injuries if not handled correctly, therefore creating a safety problem during the machining or processing of metal materials. Furthermore, depending on the type of chip, chips generated during the machining of material may scatter in a random manner, e.g., chips of the second type are usually ejected with great force and may even have a range of travel of several meters. On the other hand, long and often spring-like chips of the first and third type may be bulky and, for example, may wrap around a workpiece mounted on a lathe for machining the workpiece, therefore leading to the risk of damaging surfaces to be processed and/or cutting edges of cutting tools when chips are deflected back to the cutting edge of a cutting tool.

Currently practiced strategies in the chip management may relate to vacuuming chips away by providing an additional vacuum structure, e.g., by including an industrial vacuum, or to wash or blow chips away by means of coolant hoses employed for cooling both a cutting tool and a workpiece during operation. Cooling is commonly achieved by a coolant, e.g., air, water, or a cooling oil, being discharged towards the cutting edge during operation of a cutting tool.

In rotational turning processes, for example, even chips of the first and third type may be randomly ejected from the workpiece due to the high velocities employed in turning processes. Particularly, when working on a workpiece having sections of different diameters at a section of relatively small diameter, chips may be ejected towards an adjacent portion of the workpiece having a greater diameter and may be deflected back towards the cutting edge, thereby increasing the risk of damaging the cutting edge and leading to a reduced tool life.

The above indicated strategies which are currently practiced for chip management do not avoid that chips, which are ejected towards faces of a workpiece and/or or cutting tool may be deflected backwards to the cutting edge.

In view of the above described state of the art, it is an object of the disclosure to provide chip management that reduces the risk of chips becoming deflected backwards to the cutting edge.

A cutting tool according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a rake face, a flank face, a first side face, and a first fluid discharge port. The rake face and the flank face forming a cutting edge therebetween. The rake face and the first side face forming a first rake edge therebetween. The first fluid discharge port is arranged to direct a first stream of a fluid, is supplied to the first fluid discharge port, along the first side face towards the first rake edge.

A cutting tool according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a bottom face, a first side face, a second side face, a first fluid discharge port, and a second fluid discharge port. The bottom face has a first cutting edge. The first side face is in connection with the bottom face and intersects a direction of the cutting edge in bottom view. The second side face is formed opposite to the first face. The second side face is connected with the bottom face and intersects a direction of the cutting edge in bottom view. The first fluid discharge port has a plurality of discharge openings opening towards a first edge. The first edge is formed between the bottom face and the first face and is formed side by side along with the first side face. The second fluid discharge port has a plurality of discharge openings opening towards a second edge. The second edge is formed between the bottom surface and the second surface, and is formed side by side along with the second side surface.

Fig. 1A schematically illustrates, in first view, a cutting tool in accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 1B schematically illustrates, in second view, a cutting tool in accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 1C schematically illustrates, in third view, a cutting tool in accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 1D schematically illustrates, in fourth view, a cutting tool in accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2A schematically illustrates, in first view, a cutting tool in accordance with other embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2B schematically illustrates, in second view, a cutting tool in accordance with other embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2C schematically illustrates, in third view, a cutting tool in accordance with other embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2D schematically illustrates, in fourth view, a cutting tool in accordance with other embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2E schematically illustrates, in fifth view, a cutting tool in accordance with other embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2F schematically illustrates, in sixth view, a cutting tool in accordance with other embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 schematically illustrates, in a perspective view, a fluid discharge port in accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 schematically illustrates, in a perspective view, a cutting tool in accordance with some other illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure.

With regard to the accompanying drawings, embodiments and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail.

Overview of Embodiment of the Present Disclosure

In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a cutting tool is provided. In accordance with illustrative embodiments herein, the cutting tool comprises a rake face, a flank face, and a first side face, the rake face and the flank face forming a cutting edge therebetween, and the rake face and the first side face forming a first rake edge therebetween. The cutting tool further comprises a first fluid discharge port being arranged to direct a first stream of a fluid, which is supplied to the first fluid discharge port, along the first side face towards the first rake edge.

Upon the first fluid discharge port being arranged to direct the first stream of discharged fluid along the first side face towards the first rake edge, the first stream of discharged fluid is directed towards a direction substantially parallel to a direction of the cutting tool along which the cutting tool penetrates a workpiece during a cutting processing. Accordingly, a substantial areal air band or air strip is provided along the first side face in a direction towards the first rake edge, the accordingly generated areal air band or air strip allowing to guide chips along the areal air band or air strip and to avoid that the chips are ejected towards the side of the cutting tool having the first fluid discharge port.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the first aspect, the cutting tool may further comprise a first fluid duct configured to supply the first discharge port with a fluid from a fluid supply. The cutting tool may further comprise a first opening in the first side face, the first opening being in fluid communication with the first fluid duct and the first fluid discharge port. Accordingly, the first fluid duct may mounted on the first side face or may even be integrated into the cutting tool such that a compact cutting tool may be provided.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the first aspect, the first fluid discharge port may be mounted on the first side face so as to be in fluid communication with the first opening, wherein the first fluid discharge port comprises at least one discharge opening in fluid communication with the first opening. Accordingly, the first fluid discharge port may be provided in a compact manner.

In accordance with some alternative illustrative embodiments, the first fluid discharge port may be mounted on the first side face so as to be in fluid communication with the first opening, wherein the first fluid discharge port comprises a first plurality of discharge openings in fluid communication with the first opening, wherein a subset of the first plurality of discharge openings is oriented towards a first flank edge formed between the flank face and the first side face. Accordingly, the first discharge port may provide an advantageous fluid stream pattern during operation of the cutting tool where the fluid stream pattern allows a relatively broad air band or air strip at the side of the first side face.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the first aspect, the cutting tool may further comprise a second fluid discharge port which is arranged to direct a second stream of fluid, which is supplied to the second fluid discharge port, along a second side face opposite the first side face towards a second rake edge which is formed between the rake face and the second side edge. Accordingly, upon having first and second discharge ports provided at opposite side faces of the cutting tool, a corridor for guiding chips along the corridor may be provided and deflection of chips at surfaces of a workpiece under processing and/or the cutting tool may be avoided.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments herein, the cutting tool may further comprise a second fluid duct and a second opening formed in the second side face, wherein the second fluid duct is configured to supply the second discharge port with a fluid from a fluid supply, and wherein the second opening is in fluid communication with the second fluid duct. Accordingly, the second fluid duct may be mounted on the second side face or even integrated into the cutting tool such that a compact cutting tool may be provided.

In accordance with some other illustrative embodiments herein, the second fluid discharge port may be mounted on the second side face so as to be in fluid communication with the second opening, wherein the second fluid discharge port comprises at least one discharge opening in fluid communication with the second opening. Accordingly, the second fluid discharge port may be provided in a compact manner.

In accordance with some alternative embodiments, the second fluid discharge port may be mounted on the second side face so as to be in fluid communication with the second opening, wherein the second fluid discharge port comprises a second plurality of discharge nozzles in fluid communication with the second opening, wherein a subset of the second plurality of discharge nozzles is oriented towards a second flank edge formed between the flank face and the second side face. Accordingly, the second discharge port may provide an advantageous fluid stream pattern during operation of the cutting tool where the fluid stream pattern allows a relatively broad air band or air strip at the side of the second side face.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, the cutting tool may comprise an insert on which the rake face and the flank face are formed. Accordingly, the cutting tool may be easily maintained by replacing a torn insert by a new insert without having to replace the entire cutting tool. In accordance with a special illustrative example herein, the insert may be an indexable insert.

In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a cutting tool is be provided. In accordance with illustrative embodiments herein, the cutting tool comprises a bottom face having a first cutting edge, a first side face in connection with the bottom face and intersecting a direction of the cutting edge in bottom view, a second side face formed opposite to the first side face, connecting with the bottom surface and intersecting a direction of the cutting edge in bottom view, a first fluid discharge port having a plurality of discharge openings opening towards a first edge line, wherein the first edge line is formed between the bottom face and the first face and side by side along with the first side face, and a second fluid discharge port having a plurality of discharge openings opening towards a second edge line, wherein the second edge line is formed between the bottom face and the second face and formed side by side along with the second side face. Advantageously, the first and second fluid discharge ports may each provide a stream of a fluid so as to form a corridor between the two streams of fluid such that chips created by the cutting tool during operation of the cutting tool may be guided within the corridor.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the second aspect, the first fluid discharge port may be formed by a first cylindrical plate mounted to the first side face and the second fluid discharge port may be formed by a second cylindrical plate mounted to the second side face. Accordingly, a compact cutting tool may be provided.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the second aspect, the plurality of discharge openings of the first fluid discharge port and the plurality of discharge openings of the second fluid discharge port are each formed in accordance with a radial pattern along a lateral surface of the respective one of the first and second fluid discharge ports. Accordingly, the first and second fluid discharge ports may be implemented in a compact way.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the second aspect, the first and second side faces may be parallel. This may implement a preferred shape of the cutting tool.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the second aspect, the bottom face may have at least one second cutting edge. This may allow to remove a greater amount of material when working on a workpiece.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the second aspect, the first cutting edge may be provided by an insert, e.g., an indexable insert.

In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a turning tool is provided. In accordance with illustrative embodiments herein, the turning tool comprises a driving shaft on which a workpiece to be machined is mountable, a cutting tool in accordance with any cutting tool as described above with regard to the first aspect, a feeding mechanism configured to implement a feeding movement of the cutting tool during operation of the turning tool relative to the driving shaft, and a fluid supply in fluid communication with the cutting tool.

In some illustrative embodiments of the third aspect, the turning tool may comprise a control means for controlling supply of a fluid of the fluid supply to the cutting tool at a pressure from about 0.5 bar to about 100 bar during operation of the turning tool.

In fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a method of working on a workpiece is provided. In accordance with illustrative embodiments herein, the method may comprise providing a cutting tool in accordance with one of the cutting tools described above, implementing a relative movement between the workpiece and the cutting tool, supplying at least the first fluid discharge port with a fluid at a pressure from about 0.5 bar to about 100 bar so as to eject the first stream towards the first rake face, and working on the workpiece with the cutting tool, wherein chips generated during the working are guided in accordance with at least the first fluid stream.

Details of Embodiment of the Present Disclosure

In the following, some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with respect to the figures in greater detail.

Fig. 1A schematically shows a cutting tool 100 in accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure. The cutting tool 100 may be a tool bit, e.g., a non-rotary cutting tool used in metal lathes, shapers and planers.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, the cutting tool 100 comprises a cutting edge 116 formed between a rake face 112 and a flank face 114. The cutting edge 116 may be a part of an insert (which is indicated in Fig. 1A by a broken line 130) mounted to a shank or, in the case that an insert is employed, an insert holder 110. In accordance with some illustrative examples herein, the insert may be implemented as an indexable insert.

Furthermore, the cutting tool 100 comprises a plurality of side faces, wherein a rake edge 118a is formed between the rake face 112 and a side face 120a. Furthermore, a flank edge 119a may be formed between the flank face 114 and the side face 120a. Particularly, the rake edge 118a and the flank edge 119a are formed by respective ones of the rake face 112 and the flank face 114 intersecting with the side face 120a. Similarly, a rake edge 118b and a flank edge 119b may be formed between respective ones of the rake face 112 and the flank face 114 intersecting with a side face opposite to the side face 120a and, thus, not visible in the illustration of Fig. 1A. In particular, the cutting edge 116, the rake edge 118a, and the flank edge 119a may together form a vertex Va. Similarly, the cutting edge 116, the rake edge 118b, and the flank edge 119b may form a vertex Vb. The vertices Va and Vb may represent end points of the cutting edge 116.

Furthermore, the cutting tool 100 comprises a fluid discharge port 140a. In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the fluid discharge port 140a may comprise a discharge opening 141a, e.g., a nozzle, which is arranged so as to direct a stream of fluid 142a ejected by the fluid discharge port 140a towards the rake edge 118a along the side face 120a. In Fig. 1A, a direction of the stream 142a is indicated by an arrow 144a. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that Fig. 1A schematically illustrates only a portion of the stream 142a and that the stream 142a may actually extend beyond the rake edge 118a of Fig. 1A, which is omitted in the illustration of Fig. 1A for clarity reasons.

Referring to Fig. 1B, a top view of the cutting tool 100 along a direction anti-parallel to the direction indicated by the arrow 144a in Fig. 1A is schematically illustrated. As schematically shown in Fig. 1B, a fluid discharge port 140b similar to the fluid discharge port 140a is arranged at a side face 120b opposite the side face 120a. Accordingly, the fluid discharge port 140b comprises a discharge opening 141b, e.g., a nozzle, similar to the fluid discharge port 140a.

Referring to Figs. 1A and 1B, the

fluid discharge ports

140a and 140b may be, in general, arranged relative to the insert holder 110 such that each of the

discharge openings

141a, 141b is arranged and located at the insert holder 110 such that a stream of fluid ejected by each of the

fluid discharge ports

140a and 140b is directed towards a respective one of the rake edges 118a and 118b. Referring to the fluid discharge port 140a in Fig. 1A as an example, the stream 142a may be directed along the direction 144a and along the side face 120a towards the rake edge 118a by appropriately orienting and aligning the fluid discharge port 140a and, particularly, the discharge opening 141a with respect to the rake edge 118a. In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the stream 142a may be directed towards an upper portion of the side face 120a such that the stream 142a may contact the side face 120a at an upper portion of the side face 120a, for example, at an upper portion of the side face 120a at or adjacent to the portion marked with the broken line 130 in Fig. 1A.

Referring to Fig. 1D, a schematic side view illustrates the side face 120a in the side view as a straight line and the rake edge 118a as an end point of the side face 120a. In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the fluid discharge port 140a may be oriented with respect to the side face 120a such that the direction 144a and the side face 120a form an angle α < 90°, e.g., α < 80°. In other words, an angle formed between a normal to the side face 120a and the direction 144a may correspond to an angle of 90°- α. Accordingly, the stream 142a in Fig. 1A ejected by the nozzle 141a of the fluid discharge port 140a may be directed towards the side face 120a along the direction 144a, come in contact with the side face 120a at an upper portion of the side face 120a, and be guided along the side face 120a and flow or stream along the side face 120a as indicated by arrow 145a in Fig. 1D.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments herein, the fluid discharge port 140a may be arranged relative to the side face 120a such that a fluid discharged from the fluid discharge port 140a along the direction 144a may aim at the rake edge 118a. In other words, when referring to the illustration in Fig. 1D, the fluid discharge port 140a may be displaced along the arrow 145a such that the dotted line along the direction 144a in Fig. 1D (the dotted line may be considered as schematically representing a fluid discharged by the fluid discharge port 140a during operation) intersects the side face 120a in Fig. 1D at the rake edge 118a. In accordance with some illustrative examples herein, the cutting edge (in Fig. 1D not illustrated) may be inclined and particularly deviate from a normal direction of the paper plane in Fig. 1D towards the side face 120a by an angle which may be equal to the angle α (or may deviate from the angle α by +/- 5%) such that the cutting edge may be employed for achieving conical cuttings. Upon directly directing fluid towards the rake edge 118a when arranging the fluid discharge port 140a so as to aim the nozzle 141a at the rake edge 118a.

Referring to Figures 1A, 1B, and 1D, illustrative arrangements of the fluid discharge port 140b at the opposite side face 120b will be described. In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, the fluid discharge port 140b may be arranged relative to the side face 120b such that the fluid discharge port 140b may form an angle equal to α or (-α) with the side face 120b, In accordance with some special illustrative examples herein, the

fluid discharge ports

140a and 140b may be arranged in parallel and both

nozzles

141a, 141b may aim at the respective rake edge of the rake edges 118a, 118b. In accordance with some other special illustrative examples herein, the

fluid discharge ports

140a, 140b may be arranged at the side faces 120a, 120b such that an angle of 2α may be formed therebetween, wherein at least one of the

fluid discharge ports

140a, 140b may aim at the respective rake edge of the rake edges 118a, 118b.

Referring to Fig. 1C, a top view of the cutting tool 100 onto the cutting edge 116 is schematically illustrated during a stage when the

fluid discharge ports

140a and 140b of Fig. 1B are operated. Accordingly, a

stream pattern

142a and 142b may be provided at the rake edges 118a and 118b, the

streams

142a and 142b being substantially oriented perpendicular to a feeding direction 150 along which the cutting tool 100 may be moved in a cutting operation when machining a workpiece (not illustrated). The

streams

142a and 142b may, therefore, form a corridor between the

streams

142b and 142a, in which corridor chips (not illustrated), which are generated during a processing of a workpiece (not illustrated), may be guided.

Referring to Figs. 1A to 1C, the person skilled in the art will appreciate that a pattern of the

streams

142a and 142b may depend on an orientation of the

fluid discharge ports

140a, 140b with regard to the respective side faces, such that

streams

146a and 146b as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 1C, may be generated, the

streams

146a and 146b having a lateral extension so as to extend beyond the rake edges 118a and 118b along the flank edges 119a and 119b. Accordingly, the

streams

146a, 146b having a greater lateral extension than the

streams

142a, 142b and, accordingly, corridors of increased lateral length, may be provided.

Referring to Fig. 2A, a cutting tool 200 in accordance with some other illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure will be described.

The cutting tool 200 comprises a shank or insert holder 205 which may be configured to hold at least one insert, e.g., at least one indexable insert. Fig. 2A schematically illustrates an example in which the insert holder 205 has two

inserts

220a and 220b, e.g., indexable inserts. This does not pose any limitation on the present disclosure and the person skilled in the art will appreciate that the insert holder 205 may be configured to hold a single insert, e.g., a single indexable insert, or at least three inserts, e.g., at least three indexable inserts.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the insert 220a is accommodated into an insert-receiving recess 231a provided in a bottom face 210 of the cutting tool 200. In some illustrative examples herein, the insert 220a may be fixed in the recess 231a by means of a clamping device 230a which is accommodated into a recess 234a formed in the bottom face 210 of the cutting tool 200 adjacent to the recess 231a. The clamping device 230a may be removably fixed to the insert holder 205 by means of removable fixing means, such as a screw 232a.

Similarly, the insert 220b is accommodated into an insert-receiving recess 231b provided in the bottom face 210 of the cutting tool 200. In some illustrative examples herein, the insert 220b may be fixed in the recess 231b by means of a clamping device 230b which is accommodated into a recess 234b formed in the bottom face 210 of the cutting tool 200 adjacent to the recess 229b. The clamping device 230a may be removably fixed to the insert holder 205 by means of removable fixing means, such as a screw 232a.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the insert 220a may comprise a cutting edge 226a formed between a rake face 222a and a flank face 224a. Furthermore, the insert 220a has a rake edge 228a in contact with the cutting edge 226a and a flank edge 229a in contact with the cutting edge 226a. Particularly, the cutting edge 226a, together with the rake edge 228a and the flank edge 229a, form a vertex of the insert 220a.

Similarly, the insert 220b may comprise a cutting edge 226b formed between a rake face 222b and a flank face 224b. Furthermore, the insert 220b has a rake edge 228b in contact with the cutting edge 226b and a flank edge 229b in contact with the cutting edge 226b. Particularly, the cutting edge 226b, together with the rake edge 228b and the flank edge 229b, form a vertex of the insert 220b.

Still referring to Fig. 2A, the cutting tool 200 has opposite side faces, such as the side face 250a which is shown in the schematic perspective view of Fig. 2A while its opposite side face is not visible in Fig. 2A, the side face 250a and its corresponding opposite side face (which is not visible in the illustration of Fig. 2A) are connected with the bottom face 210 of the cutting tool 200. Particularly, the side face 250a, when assuming that the side face 250a and respective side faces of the

inserts

220a, 220b, which side faces of the

inserts

220a, 220b are considered as contributing to the side face 250a and, therefore, form part of the side face 250a, intersect the rake face 222a at the rake edge 228a and the flank face 224a at the flank edge 229a. Accordingly, the side face 250a intersects the rake face 222b of the insert 220b at the rake edge 228b and the flank face 224b at the flank edge 229b.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, a fluid discharge port 240a associated with the insert 220a and a fluid discharge port 240b associated with the insert 220b are arranged at the side face 250a. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that, without limitation, the number of fluid discharge ports may correspond to the number of inserts provided in the cutting tool 200. In accordance with some other illustrative embodiments, as an alternative to the illustrative embodiments described above with reference to Fig. 2A, a single fluid discharge port (not illustrated) may be provided at the side face 250a when a stream of fluid output by the single fluid discharge port may be directed towards each of the rake edges 228a and 228b of both

inserts

220a and 220b. However, having one fluid discharge port associated with one insert has the advantage that a uniform stream of a fluid may be directed towards each rake edge of each insert.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the

fluid discharge ports

240a and 240b may be provided in the form of a cylindrical plate having a plurality of

discharge openings

242a and 242b formed in the lateral surface of a respective one of the

fluid discharge ports

240a and 240b. For example, the plurality of discharge openings 242a may be formed in a portion of the lateral surface of the fluid discharge port 240a in a radial pattern such that a fluid ejected from the plurality of discharge openings 242a may be directed towards an edge representing an intersection between the bottom face 210 and the side face 250a. Herein, the term “radial pattern” may indicate that each of the plurality of discharge openings of a fluid discharge port is configured to eject a stream of a fluid in a radial direction with respect to common reference point, e.g., a center of mass of a fluid discharge port or a center of area of a side face of a fluid discharge port, along different azimuthal directions. Regarding the fluid discharge port 240b, the plurality of discharge openings 242b may, for example, be similarly formed in a portion of the lateral surface of the fluid discharge port 240b in a radial pattern such that a fluid ejected from the plurality of discharge openings 242b may be directed towards an edge representing an intersection between the bottom face 210 and the side face 250a.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the fluid discharge port 240a may be mounted to the side face 250a by means of fixing means 244a, e.g., at least one screw. Similarly, the fluid discharge port 240b may be mounted to the side face 250a by means of fixing means 244b, such as at least one screw.

Fig. 2B schematically illustrates a top view of the bottom face 210, in other words, a bottom view of the cutting tool 200. In the illustration of Fig. 2B, which represents a bottom view onto the cutting tool 200 in Fig. 2A, streams 260a and 260b being ejected by the

fluid discharge ports

240a and 240b mounted on the side face 250a in Fig. 2A and

fluid discharge ports

240c and 240d mounted on another side face (not illustrated) opposite the side face 250a in Fig. 2A, are schematically illustrated. In accordance with each plurality of discharge openings of the fluid discharge ports 240a to 240d, each of the fluid discharge ports 240a to 240d generates a stream of fluid amounting to the two

streams

260a and 260b being directed along respective ones of the side faces 250a and the side face opposite to the side face 250a towards respective ones of

rake edges

228a and 228b upon supplying the fluid discharge ports 240a to 240d with a fluid from a fluid supply (not illustrated). The

streams

260a and 260b may be considered as areal stream bands or areal stream strips having a flat conical shape. With regard to a feeding direction 262 of the cutting tool 200, the

streams

260a and 260b may laterally enclose a corridor which is open in the direction 262. Therefore, a chip generated during a cutting operation performed by the cutting tool 200 at one of the

cutting edges

226a and 226b is kept within the corridor between the

streams

260a and 260b so as to guide the chip along the corridor in the direction 262 or anti-parallel therewith, as will be explained below in greater detail.

Fig. 2C schematically illustrates a perspective view of a cutting tool 200’ which is employed in a turning device 201 and operated in a turning operation for working on a workpiece 270 which rotates around a turning axis 272. The cutting tool 200’ may be similar to the cutting tool 200 as described above with regard to Figs. 2A and 2B. For example, the cutting tool 200’ may have an insert holder 205’ holding an insert 220’, e.g., an indexable insert, which is arranged in a bottom face 210’ of the cutting tool 200’. A fluid discharge port 240’ may be arranged in a side face 250’ of the cutting tool 200’, the side face 250’ and the bottom face 210’ intersecting at a common edge. Although Fig. 2C schematically illustrates a single fluid discharge port 240’ mounted to the side face 250’, this does not pose any limitation to the present disclosure and the number of fluid discharge ports in the side face 250’ may be equal to two, similar to the description of Figs. 2A and 2B above, or may be greater than two when at least three inserts, e.g., three indexable inserts, are arranged in the bottom face 210’ of the cutting tool 200’.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the fluid discharge port 240’ generates a stream 260’b of a fluid upon supplying a fluid to the fluid discharge port 240’. The illustration of Fig. 2C schematically illustrates that the stream 260’b may be generated by a plurality of conical substreams that are output by a plurality of discharge openings arranged in a lateral surface of the fluid discharge port 240’, similar to the plurality of discharge openings described above with regard to Figs. 2A and 2B. A more detailed discussion of fluid discharge ports and streams generated by fluid discharge ports will be presented below in greater detail with regard to Fig. 2F and Fig. 3. Although the stream 260’b and, similarly a stream 260’a which is generated by a fluid discharge port (not illustrated) arranged on another side face (not illustrated) opposite to the side face 250’, is schematically illustrated as being formed by plural conical substreams which do not overlap, this illustration is only for the ease of illustration in the schematical illustration of Fig. 2C and the person skilled in the art will appreciate that the conical substreams may actually overlap to form a continuous stream along the side face 250’ in case of the stream 260’b and, accordingly, in the case of the stream 260’a.

Similar to the discussion of Fig. 2B, the streams 260’a and 260’b may laterally enclose a corridor which extends along a feeding direction 262’ of the cutting tool 200’ during operation of the cutting tool 200’. Upon the cutting tool 200’ generating a chip C when working on the workpiece 270, the chip is guided within the corridor between the streams 260’a and 260’b. A possible trajectory 274 of the chip C is indicated in Fig. 2C. Particularly, the chip is kept by the streams 260’a and 260’b within the corridor and guided away from the workpiece 270 and the insert 220’.

Still referring to Fig. 2C, the streams 260’a and 260’b avoid that the chip C is deflected by surfaces of the workpiece, as will be described. For example, the workpiece 270 may have sections of different diameter, such as a section 274 of a first diameter and a section 276 of a second diameter, the first diameter being greater than the second diameter. As pointed out above with regard to the background of the disclosure, without the streams 260’a and 260’b, the chip C generated during working on a surface of the workpiece 270 at the section 276 may be accelerated towards a projecting surface 278 of the workpiece 270 at the section 274 of greater diameter. Without the stream 260’a, the chip C would hit the surface 278 of section 274 of the workpiece 270 and would be deflected and, due to a rotating motion of the workpiece 270, becoming accelerated so as to, in some cases, follow a trajectory (not illustrated) back to the insert 220’, possibly leading to damages of a cutting edge of the insert 220’ and/or possibly causing damages in the surface of the workpiece 270 at section 276 which is currently under work. Therefore, the streams 260’a and 260’b avoid that chips generated during machining of the workpiece 270 by the cutting tool 200’ are scattered in an uncontrolled manner. Instead, the streams 260’a and 260’b allow to guide chips, e.g., the chip C, within a corridor defined by the streams 260’a and 260’b, thereby leading chips, e.g., the chip C, away from the workpiece 270 in a controlled manner.

Still referring to Fig. 2C, the turning device 201, as schematically illustrated in Fig. 2C, may further comprise cooling means 280 being arranged in the turning device 201 to provide a cooling action with regard to the cutting tool 200’ and the workpiece 270. For example, the cooling means 280 may comprise a nozzle configured to eject a stream of a coolant fluid 282 towards the working piece 270 and a cutting edge of the insert 220’ of the cutting tool 200’. For example, the coolant fluid 282 may comprise one of air, water, and a cooling oil or cutting oil. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that a direction, along which the coolant fluid 282 is ejected from the cooling means 280 is, in general, askew a direction which is defined by a line connecting the fluid discharge port and the cutting edge of the cutting tool 200’.

With regard to Fig. 2D, a side view of the turning device 201, as illustrated in Fig. 2C, is schematically illustrated, the side view being taken along a direction parallel to the rotational axis 272 in Fig. 2C. Accordingly, a normal to the paper plane illustrated in Fig. 2D is substantially parallel to the rotational axis 272 in Fig. 2C.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, a plane which is defined by the coolant stream 282 ejected by the cooling means 280 (in the illustration of Fig. 2D, this plane is perpendicular to the illustrated paper plane and comprises the lines depicting the coolant stream 282 in Fig. 2D) intersects a plane parallel to the paper plane depicted in Fig. 2D (this plane comprises the stream 260’b) such that an intersecting line is generated as indicated by a broken line 284 in Fig. 2D. Accordingly, the fluid discharge port 240’ is arranged on the side face 250’ of the cutting tool 200’ such that a stream ejected by the fluid discharge port 240’ is not oriented relative to a stream ejected by a cooling device, e.g., the cooling means 280 in Fig. 2D, such that the streams of the fluid discharge port and the cooling means would be in a common plane or in parallel planes. The reason is that the stream 282 ejected by the cooling means 280 is directed to contact the working piece 270 and the cutting tool 200’ at the cutting edge of the cutting tool 200’ during working on the workpiece 270. By contrast, the stream 260’b ejected by the fluid discharge port 240’ is directed towards a rake edge being formed by the side face 250’ and a rake face of the cutting tool 200’ as described above with regard to Figs. 1A to 1D and 2A to 2B.

Still referring to Fig. 2D, some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure will be described.

The fluid discharge port 240' and, accordingly, a fluid discharge port (not illustrated) which is arranged at another side face (not illustrated) opposite to the side face 250' may be in fluid communication with a conduit 290 that is formed within the insert holder 205'. Although the conduit 290 is formed within the insert holder 205’, the conduit 290 is schematically illustrated in Fig. 2D as a reference in the following discussion. The conduit 290 may have a terminal 292 which may be in further fluid communication with a line 297 that is connected with a fluid supply 298, e.g., a fluid reservoir. In accordance with some illustrative examples herein, the fluid supply 298 may be a pressure reservoir.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, a fluid supplied by the fluid supply 298 may be supplied to the terminal 292 of the cutting tool 200' as indicated by an arrow 299 of Fig. 2D. The supply of fluid to the terminal 292 may be controlled such that a fluid is supplied to the cutting tool 200' only during operation of the cutting tool 200'. For example, a manually or electronically controlled valve V may be arranged in between the fluid discharge port 240' and the fluid supply 298 for controllably supplying the fluid discharge port 240' with a fluid from the fluid supply 298.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, a control unit CU may be provided. The control unit CU may be configured to control supplying of a fluid of the fluid supply 298 to the cutting tool 200’. For example, supply of a fluid at a pressure from about 0.5 bar to about 100 bar during operation of the turning tool 201 may be controlled by the control unit CU.

Although the conduit 290, the terminal 292 and the fluid supply 298 are described with regard to embodiments as discussed on the basis of Figs. 2C and 2D, this does not limit the present disclosure to these embodiments, but an according conduit, terminal and fluid reservoir may be provided with regard to the embodiments as described above on the basis of Figs. 2A and 2B. Furthermore, a line similar to the line 297 in Fig. 2D and a fluid supply similar to the fluid supply 298 in Fig. 2D may be provided with regard to the embodiments as described above with regard to Figs. 1A to 1D by coupling the fluid discharge port 140a and/or the fluid discharge port 140b with a line and a fluid reservoir as described above with regard to the line 297 and the fluid supply 298 of Fig. 2D.

Referring to Fig. 2E, a side view of a cutting tool 200'' is schematically illustrated. The cutting tool 200’’ may be similar to the cutting tool 200’ or 200 as described above with regard to Fig. 2A to 2D. For example, the side view as depicted in Fig. 2E may correspond to a side view perpendicular to a normal of the paper plane illustrated in Fig. 2D or a side view of the cutting tool 200 in Fig. 2A along a direction perpendicular to a normal of the side face 250a in Fig. 2A. The cutting tool 200'' may comprise an insert holder 205'' or shank, at least one insert 220'', e.g., an indexable insert, at least one fluid discharge port 240''a arranged at a side face 250''a and at least one fluid discharge port 240''b arranged at a side face 250''b opposite to the side face 250''a.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, the fluid discharge port 240''a may be connected to a duct 294''a which is in fluid communication with a line 290'' extending within the insert holder 205''. The line 290'' may be connected to a terminal 292'' which may be similar to the terminal 292 as described above with regard to Fig. 2D. By means of the terminal 292'', a fluid supply (not illustrated) similar to the fluid supply 298 as described above with regard to Fig. 2D, may be connected with the fluid discharge port 240''a such that the fluid discharge port 240''a may be supplied with a fluid so as to eject a stream 260''a.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, the side face 250''a may have an opening O1 formed therein, the opening O1 being in communication with the duct 294''a. The fluid discharge port 240''a may have at least one discharge opening formed in a lateral surface of the fluid discharge port 240''a, the at least one discharge opening of the fluid discharge port 240''a being in communication with the opening O1 in the duct 294''a.

Similarly, the fluid discharge port 240''b may be connected to a duct 294''b which may be in fluid communication with the line 290''. By means of the terminal 292'', the fluid discharge port 240''b may be supplied with a fluid so as to eject a stream 260''b similar to the fluid discharge port 240’’a as described above.

Furthermore, the side face 250''b may have an opening O2 formed therein, the opening O2 being in communication with the duct 294'b. The fluid discharge port 240'b may have at least one discharge opening formed in a lateral surface of the fluid discharge port 240''b, the at least one discharge opening of the fluid discharge port 240''b being in communication with the opening O2 in the duct 294''b.

With regard to Fig. 2F, some other illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail.

Fig. 2F schematically illustrates a perspective view of a fluid discharge port 240'''. The fluid discharge port 240''' may be similar to any of the

fluid discharge ports

240a, 240b, 240'a, 240'b, 240''a, and 240''b as described above with regard to Figs. 2A to 2E. The fluid discharge port 240''' may have a cylindrical shape, wherein a height of the fluid discharge port h is smaller than a diameter d of the fluid discharge port 240'''. Particularly, h/d may be smaller than 1, such as smaller than 0.5 or smaller than 0.25.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, a lateral surface 241''' of the fluid discharge port 240''' may have at least one discharge opening 242''' formed therein, particularly at least two discharge openings 242''' arranged in a radial pattern around the lateral surface 241''' of the fluid discharge port 240'''. In a side face 243''' of the fluid discharge port 240''', at least one through hole 244''' may be formed, the through hole being configured to accommodate a screw used for fixing the fluid discharge port 240''' at a side face (not illustrated) of a cutting tool (not illustrated) as described above with regard to Figs. 2A to 2E.

Herein, the term “radial pattern” may indicate that each of the plurality of discharge openings of a fluid discharge port is arranged in the lateral surface of a fluid discharge port and is configured to eject a stream of a fluid in a radial direction with respect to common reference point, e.g., a center of mass of a fluid discharge port or a center of area of a side face of a fluid discharge port, along different azimuthal directions.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one pin structure 246''' may be provided in the side face 243''' of the fluid discharge port 240''', the at least one pin structure projecting away from the side face 243''' along a height direction of the fluid discharge port 240'''. The at least one pin structure may be used for aligning the fluid discharge port 240''' with regard to a side face (not illustrated) of a cutting tool (not illustrated).

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, a fluid discharge port 240''' may have an opening 296''' which may be in fluid communication with the at least one discharge opening 242''' formed in the lateral surface 241''' of the last discharge port 240'''. The opening 296''' may have a projecting rim that projects out of the side surface 243''' of the fluid discharge port 240'''. The projecting rim may be inserted into an opening (not illustrated) formed in a side face (not illustrated) of a cutting tool (not illustrated) as described above with regard to one of the openings O1, O2 in Fig. 2E. Upon supplying a fluid to the opening 296''' of the fluid discharge port 240''', a stream 260''' of fluid ejected by the at least one discharge opening 242''' may be generated, wherein the at least one discharge opening 242''' ejects a conical stream 262'''. In case that more than one discharge opening 242''' is formed in the lateral surface 241''' of the fluid discharge ports 240''', a plurality of conical substreams 264''' is generated, the plurality of conical substreams 264''' amounting to the stream 260'''. Despite the illustration of Fig. 2F showing a plurality of separate conical substreams 264''', the person skilled in the art will appreciate that the conical substreams 264''' may overlap when forming a continuous stream 260'''.

With regard to Fig. 3, some alternative embodiments of the fluid discharge port will be described in greater detail.

Fig. 3 schematically shows a perspective view of a fluid discharge port 340. The fluid discharge port 340 may be formed similar to the fluid discharge port 240''' as described above with regard to Fig. 2F and, similar to the fluid discharge port 240''', may have at least one through hole 344 used when mounting the fluid discharge port 340 to a cutting tool (not illustrated). Furthermore, the fluid discharge port 340 may have an opening 396 formed in a side surface 343. Similar to the opening 296''' as described above with regard to Fig. 2F, the opening 396 may be formed.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the fluid discharge port 340 may have a slit-shaped discharge opening 342 formed in a lateral surface 341 of the fluid discharge port 340. The slit-shaped discharge opening 342 may be in fluid communication with the opening 396 of the fluid discharge port 340 such that, upon supplying a fluid to the opening 396, a stream 360 of fluid is ejected from the fluid discharge port 340 by means of the slit-shaped discharge opening 342.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the slit-shaped discharge opening 342 may be configured as follows: upon adopting spherical coordinates, a shape of the slit-shaped discharge opening 342 will be described. The slit-shaped discharge opening 342 may be formed so as to eject the stream 360 into a space portion corresponding to a solid angle Ω which represents a two-dimensional angle on a unit sphere in a three-dimensional space. In other words, the solid angle Ω may be defined in spherical coordinates on a unit sphere by two angle coordinates φ and θ as indicated in Fig. 3. In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the solid angle Ω may be defined in a mathematical way by a double integral over the angle φ from 0 to an upper limit φu and over the angle θ from 0 to an upper limit of the angle θu of the argument sin θ. In other words, the solid angle Ω corresponds to the surface area of a portion on a unit sphere, the portion being limited by the two angle coordinates in their respective angle intervals, e.g., θ in a range from 0 to θu and φ in a range from 0 to φu. In accordance with some special illustrative examples, the following relations may apply: 0 < φu < 10°, e.g., 0 < φu < 5° or 0 < φu < 2°, and 0 < θu < 180°, e.g., 0 < θu < 120° or 0 < θu < 60°.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure, the slit-shaped discharge opening 342 may be configured such that a solid angle Ω of the stream 360 may be smaller than 0.4, e.g., Ω is not more than 35.

With regard to Fig. 4, some other illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail.

Fig. 4 schematically illustrates, in a perspective view, a cutting tool 400 having a tool holder 405 and an insert 420, e.g., an indexable insert. The insert 420 may be fixed to the insert holder 405 by clamping, welding and the like. The insert 420 may be formed from CBN.

The cutting tool 400 has a rake face 412, a flank face 414, and a side face 450, wherein a rake edge 418 is formed between the rake face 412 and the side face 450, and wherein a flank edge 419 is formed between the side face 450 and the flank face 414. A cutting edge 416 is formed between the rake face 412 and the flank face 414.

Furthermore, a fluid discharge port 440 in accordance with any of the fluid discharge ports described above with regard to Figs. 2 and 3, is mounted on the side face 450. The fluid discharge port 440 may have at least one discharge opening so as to eject a stream of fluid along the side face 450 towards the rake edge 418 of the cutting tool 400. Alternatively, though not illustrated, a fluid discharge port similar to the fluid discharge port 140a/140b may be provided instead.

In accordance with some illustrative embodiments, the fluid discharge port 440 may direct a stream of fluid towards a portion of the flank edge 419 at the insert 420.

The cutting tool 400 may be part of a turning device (not illustrated), wherein a cutting direction is indicated in Fig. 4 by means of an arrow A1 and a feeding direction is indicated by an arrow A2.

In summary, the present disclosure may provide, at least in some illustrative embodiments, a cutting tool having at least one fluid discharge port for generating a stream of fluid for controlling the direction of chip flow in a machining of a workpiece by the cutting tool, e.g., in rotational turning applications, preferably in machining of metal workpieces. In this way, chip jamming on the workpiece and/or a tool holder may be avoided and tool life may be improved.

It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

Claims

A cutting tool, comprising:
a rake face, a flank face, and a first side face, the rake face and the flank face forming a cutting edge therebetween, and the rake face and the first side face forming a first rake edge therebetween; and
a first fluid discharge port which is arranged to direct a first stream of a fluid, which is supplied to the first fluid discharge port, along the first side face towards the first rake edge.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a first fluid duct and a first opening formed in the first side face, wherein the first fluid duct is configured to supply the first discharge port with a fluid from a fluid supply, and wherein the first opening is in fluid communication with the first fluid duct.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 2, wherein the first fluid discharge port is mounted on the first side face so as to be in fluid communication with the first opening, wherein the first fluid discharge port comprises at least one discharge opening in fluid communication with the first opening.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 2, wherein the first fluid discharge port is mounted on the first side face so as to be in fluid communication with the first opening, wherein the first fluid discharge port comprises a first plurality of discharge openings in fluid communication with the first opening, wherein a subset of the first plurality of discharge openings is oriented towards a first flank edge formed between the flank face and the first side face.
The cutting tool in accordance with one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a second fluid discharge port which is arranged to direct a second stream of a fluid, which is supplied to the second fluid discharge port, along a second side face opposite the first side face towards a second rake edge which is formed between the rake face and the second side edge.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 5, further comprising a second fluid duct and a second opening formed in the second side face, wherein the second fluid duct is configured to supply the second discharge port with a fluid from a fluid supply, and wherein the second opening is in fluid communication with the second fluid duct.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 6, wherein the second fluid discharge port is mounted on the second side face so as to be in fluid communication with the second opening, wherein the second fluid discharge port comprises at least one discharge opening in fluid communication with the second opening.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 6, wherein the second fluid discharge port is mounted on the second side face so as to be in fluid communication with the second opening, wherein the second fluid discharge port comprises a second plurality of discharge openings in fluid communication with the second opening, wherein a subset of the second plurality of discharge openings is oriented towards a second flank edge formed between the flank face and the second side face.
The cutting tool in accordance with one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the shaft comprises an insert on which the rake face and the flank face are formed.
A cutting tool, comprising:
a bottom face having a first cutting edge;
a first side face in connection with the bottom face and intersecting a direction of the cutting edge in bottom view;
a second side face formed opposite to the first face, the second side face being connected with the bottom face and intersecting a direction of the cutting edge in bottom view;
a first fluid discharge port having a plurality of discharge openings opening towards a first edge, the first edge being formed between the bottom face and the first face and being formed side by side along with the first side face, and
a second fluid discharge port having a plurality of discharge openings opening towards a second edge, the second edge being formed between the bottom surface and the second surface, and being formed side by side along with the second side surface.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 10, wherein the first fluid discharge port is formed by a first cylindrical plate mounted to the first side face and the second fluid discharge port is formed by a second cylindrical plate mounted to the second side face.
The cutting tool in accordance with claim 11, wherein the plurality of discharge openings of the first fluid discharge port and the plurality of openings of the second fluid discharge port are each formed in accordance with a radial pattern along a lateral surface of the respective one of the first and second fluid discharge ports.
The cutting tool in accordance with one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the first and second side faces are parallel.
The cutting tool in accordance with one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the bottom face has at least one second cutting edge.
The cutting tool in accordance with one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the first cutting edge is provided by an insert.
A turning tool comprising a driving shaft on which a workpiece to be machined is mounted, a cutting tool in accordance with one of claims 1 to 15, a feeding mechanism configured to implement a feeding movement of the cutting tool during operation of the turning tool relative to the driving shaft, and a fluid supply in fluid communication with the cutting tool.
The turning tool in accordance with claim 16, further comprising a control means for controlling supply of a fluid of the fluid supply to the cutting tool at a pressure from about 0.5 bar to about 100 bar during operation of the turning tool.
A method of working on a workpiece, comprising:
providing a cutting tool in accordance with one of claims 1 to 15,
implementing a relative movement between the workpiece and the cutting tool,
supplying at least the first fluid discharge port with a fluid at a pressure from about 0.5 bar to about 100 bar so as to eject the first stream towards the first rake edge, and
working on the workpiece with the cutting tool, wherein chips generated during the working are guided in accordance with at least the first stream.