WO2020062834A1 - 针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***及方法 - Google Patents

针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062834A1
WO2020062834A1 PCT/CN2019/082304 CN2019082304W WO2020062834A1 WO 2020062834 A1 WO2020062834 A1 WO 2020062834A1 CN 2019082304 W CN2019082304 W CN 2019082304W WO 2020062834 A1 WO2020062834 A1 WO 2020062834A1
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water
piston
collecting device
cave
water collecting
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PCT/CN2019/082304
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李术才
李利平
王旌
石少帅
周宗青
刘洪亮
巴兴之
孙尚渠
房忠栋
刘振华
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山东大学
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Priority to US17/052,821 priority Critical patent/US11796370B2/en
Publication of WO2020062834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062834A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B13/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/003—Determining well or borehole volumes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of volume measurement of karst caves in underground engineering, in particular to a system-level method for volume measurement of closed water-filled karst caves.
  • the construction unit does not know the exact volume of the cave, so it cannot formulate a corresponding implementation plan.
  • This unknownness has caused the consumption of human and material resources, increased costs, and even caused process disturbances and delays in the construction period. .
  • there are many methods for measuring volume For example, three-dimensional laser scanning is used to obtain point cloud information inside the cave to build a three-dimensional model of the cave. The volume of the model is calculated by calculating the volume of the model.
  • the laser penetrating power is not strong.
  • the attenuation is fast, and the beam is completely attenuated before it reaches the cave wall.
  • the cost of measuring volume with sonar is too high. How to invent a method for quickly obtaining the volume of karst caves has become an urgently needed technical problem.
  • the purpose of the present invention is mainly to solve some engineering application problems mentioned above, and to provide a volume measurement system and method for closed water-filled karst caves.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a volume measurement system for a closed water-filled cave includes a water collecting device, a concentration tester, and a control system.
  • the control system is connected to the water collecting device through a connector.
  • the water collecting device is closed at the top and open at the bottom.
  • the top of the water collecting device is a piston, and the piston is connected with a propulsion rod, and the propulsion rod is controlled by a control system to extend or contract to achieve forward or backward movement of the piston.
  • the inner wall of the water device is hinged with an openable and detachable placing table, and the placing table is connected to the piston. When the piston is raised, the placing table moves upward, and when the piston is lowered, the placing table moves downward.
  • the placing table is used for placing chemical substances; the concentration tester communicates with the lower part of the water collecting device and is used for detecting the concentration of the solution.
  • the water collecting device and the concentration tester are connected to the control system through a connecting member, and the control system controls the action of the connecting member to place the water collecting device and the concentration tester in the karst cave to be tested or take out the karst cave to be tested.
  • the method for measuring the volume of a closed water-filled cave using the above device includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 clean the hole for the hole that exposes the water-filled karst cave; place a protective casing in the hole and fix the casing on the ground;
  • Step 2 Connect the console to the water collection device and the concentration tester through the connector; place the chemical substance powder on the placement table in the water collection device; fix the console to the ground; place the water collection device and concentration tester along the sleeve The tube extends into the cave;
  • Step 3 When the instrument is lowered into the cave and the water is not deep enough to facilitate the extraction of the test liquid, fix the position of the instrument;
  • Step 4 Through the ground console, move the propulsion rod downwards, and the piston also moves downwards; here, the placement table gradually opens with the downward movement of the piston, and the chemical powder of mass m inside the water collecting device is located. Fall into the water body in the dissolution chamber together; after a period of diffusion process, the chemical powder dissolves in the dissolution chamber and gradually diffuses away;
  • Step 5 Control the piston to move upwards through the control system, and the solution in the dissolution chamber enters the collection device; the container for the concentration tester's test liquid communicates with the interior of the water collection device. When the water in the water collection device is filled, the solution enters the concentration tester In the container of test liquid, complete the operation of extracting the solution once;
  • Step 7 Drain the liquid from the water collecting device and collect the liquid in the cave again. Measure the concentration of the collected liquid with a concentration tester. Repeat the measurement multiple times and record the values in turn. Know the mass of the chemical substance is m, after formula Calculate the final volume V of the water-filled cave;
  • Step 8 Complete the survey and return the equipment to the ground.
  • the chemical substance is a substance that does not react with water or air components, it is easy to put it in water, and it has a fast diffusion rate in liquids; for example: sodium chloride, and other Eligible substances, etc.
  • the water collecting device at the bottom of the device can freely complete the water supply and drainage, and the water collecting device is used to extract water in the cave to facilitate concentration measurement.
  • the opening and closing of the bottom of the water collecting device is controlled by the ground.
  • the measuring instrument can measure the concentration of the chemical substance on the extracted liquid.
  • the concentration tester's concentration value of the measured substance becomes stable, the value is automatically recorded and a prompt is issued to ensure that the stable concentration of the substance is obtained in the shortest time, which greatly improves efficiency and saves time.
  • the volume measurement method for closed water-filled caves of the present invention can quickly and accurately acquire the volume information of the detection space.
  • the method strives to obtain the volume in a short time and with high accuracy, and provides a measure for engineering to formulate relevant measures. It is an important reference, a reasonable amount of materials is determined in advance, and the construction of each process is arranged scientifically and reasonably, which has the effect of correctly guiding the construction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a volume measurement method for a closed water-filled cave according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of an underwater portion of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a side view of an underwater portion of the present invention.
  • a volume measurement system for a closed water-filled karst cave includes a water collecting device 2, a concentration tester 3, and a control system 5.
  • the control system 5 is connected to the water collecting device 2 through a connection member. Connected, the water collecting device 2 is a container with a closed top and an open bottom.
  • the top of the water collecting device 2 is a piston, and the piston 7 is connected to a propulsion rod, and the propulsion rod is controlled by
  • the system controls its elongation or shortening to realize the forward or backward movement of the piston 7;
  • an openable and closable placing table is hinged on the inner wall of the water collecting device, and the placing table 9 is connected by connecting the metal bar 8 to the piston 7, and the piston 7 liter
  • the placing table 9 moves upwards, and when the piston 7 is lowered, the placing table 9 moves downwards; the placing table 9 is used for placing chemical substances;
  • the concentration tester communicates with the lower part of the water collecting device 2 for Check the concentration of the solution.
  • the water collection device 2 and the concentration tester 3 are connected to the control system 5 through a connection member.
  • the control system 5 controls the action of the connection member to place the water collection device 2 and the concentration tester 3 in the karst cave to be tested or remove the karst cave to be tested;
  • the connection device here can be a lifting device combined with a pulley and a steel wire rope.
  • the steel wire rope connects the water collecting device 2 and the concentration tester 3, and the steel wire rope is controlled to lift and lower the water collecting device 2 and the concentration tester 3.
  • a chemical substance powder is placed on the placing table 9.
  • Step 1 clean the hole for the hole that exposes the water-filled cave; place a protective casing in the hole and fix the casing on the ground;
  • Step 2 Connect the console to the water collection device and the concentration tester through the connector; the water collection device and the concentration tester are closely connected, and the container of the concentration tester's test liquid is connected to the inside of the water collection device.
  • This design is convenient for collection
  • the liquid is directly used for testing; the console is fixed on the ground; the chemical substance powder, water collecting device and concentration tester are inserted into the cavity along the casing; among them, the chemical substance powder falls into the solution cavity with the bottom cover opened;
  • Step 3 When the instrument is lowered into the cave and the water is not deep enough to facilitate the extraction of the test liquid, fix the position of the instrument;
  • Step 4 Move the propulsion rod downwards through the ground console.
  • the bottom cover of the water collecting device connected to the metal bar is moved upwards, and the bottom cover is gradually opened.
  • the chemical powder inside the water collecting device falls into the dissolution chamber.
  • the chemical substance powder dissolves in the dissolution chamber and gradually diffuses away; in order to make the chemical substance powder be completely introduced into the dissolution chamber, the bottom cover can be shaken by metal bars multiple times; and the placement is guaranteed
  • the top surface of the table should be sufficiently smooth.
  • Step 5 The water collecting device mainly performs the water supply and drainage process by controlling the up and down movement of the piston, and the piston is actually pulled by the push rod.
  • the push rod is mechanically designed and can be accurately operated by the ground console.
  • the top of the piston The left and right sides are connected by a connecting metal bar to the bottom cover of the water collecting device.
  • the bottom cover is composed of two parts. As the piston moves downward and upward, the bottom cover is opened and closed;
  • Step 6 The container for the liquid tested by the concentration tester communicates with the inside of the water collecting device. This container is set near the bottom cover of the water collecting device to ensure that the water can naturally enter the container when the water inside the water collecting device is filled. operating;
  • Step 7 After the chemical substance powder is thrown, the piston is located at the bottom of the water collecting device and there is no liquid in the water collecting device. At this time, the push rod can be retracted upwards through the console. At the same time, the connecting metal bar pulls the bottom cover to gradually close and the piston upward The movement filled the device with water. Because the concentration tester is in a connected state with the inside of the device, the test liquid is collected. The liquid in the water collection device is drained and the liquid in the cave is collected again. The concentration of the collected liquid is measured by the concentration tester. Repeat Measure three times and record the values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 in sequence. Take the average value ⁇ of the three measurement results. The mass of the known chemical substance is m. The final volume V of the water-filled cave is calculated by the formula. The calculation formula is as follows:
  • Step 8 Complete the survey work and return the equipment to the ground
  • the special chemical substance is a special substance that does not react with water or air components. It is easy to put it in water, and it diffuses very quickly in liquids; for example, sodium chloride, sodium chloride
  • the corresponding concentration tester can be an instrument for measuring salinity, but it is not limited to a salinity meter, it depends on the substance to be detected. This example can be a conductivity salinity meter to measure the salinity of seawater. This device is simple in principle and easy to operate. It can be used to quickly determine the weight percentage concentration of a salt (sodium chloride) solution.
  • the water collecting device at the bottom of the device can freely complete the water supply and drainage.
  • the water collecting device is used to extract the water in the cave to facilitate the concentration measurement.
  • the opening and closing of the bottom of the water collection device is controlled by the ground.
  • the measuring instrument can measure the concentration of the chemical substance on the extracted liquid.
  • the concentration tester After the concentration tester's concentration value becomes stable, the concentration tester will automatically record the value and issue a prompt to ensure that the stable concentration of the substance is obtained in the shortest time, which greatly improves the efficiency and saves time.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***及方法，包括集水装置、浓度测试仪和控制***，控制***通过连接件与集水装置相连，集水装置为一个顶部封闭，底部敞口的容器，集水装置的顶部为一个活塞，活塞连接一个推进杆，所述的推进杆由控制***控制其伸长或者缩短，实现活塞的前进或者后退；在集水装置内壁铰接一个可开合的放置台，放置台与所述的活塞相连，所述的活塞升高时，放置台向上运动，活塞降低时，放置台向下运动；放置台上用于放置化学物质；所述的浓度测试仪与集水装置的下部连通，用于检测溶液的浓度。

Description

针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及地下工程中溶洞体积测量技术领域，具体说是针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***级方法。
背景技术
近年来，隧道工程及地铁建设在如火如荼的进行，一些工程上的难题也相继出现，例如隧道开挖前方经过岩溶发育区、地铁下方穿过岩溶发育区等。现阶段，我们通过地球物理方法来探测溶洞的位置已不再困难，也取得了***的成果。但是，只知道溶洞在什么位置是不够的，获得溶洞的体积也是关键。针对这种地质情况，工程上一般都是用充填材料(如混凝土)来充填处理，只有准确知道溶洞体积，才能制定相应的工程处理措施，更顺利通过岩溶发育区，为工程建设保驾护航。在实际施工过程中，施工单位不知道确切的溶洞体积，也就不能明确制定相应的实施方案，这种未知性，造成了人力物力的消耗、增加了成本，甚至造成工序的错乱以及工期的延误。这更说明，与溶洞体积相关的数据对工程施工异常关键，能为工程提供重要的参考。目前，测量体积的方法有很多种，如借助三维激光扫描获取溶洞内部点云信息来建立溶洞立体模型，通过计算模型的体积来获取溶洞体积大小的方法，但激光在水中的穿透力不强，衰减较快，光束还没到达洞壁即完全衰减。采用声呐来测量体积的成本又太高。如何发明一种快速获取溶洞体积的方法已经成为急需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的主要是解决上述提出的一些工程应用难题，提供针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***及方法。
为了达成上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***，包括集水装置、浓度测试仪和控制***，所述的控制***通过连接件与集水装置相连，所述的集水装置为一个顶部封闭，底部敞口的容器，所述的集水装置的顶部为一个活塞，所述的活塞连接一个推进杆，所述的推进杆由控制***控制其伸长或者缩短，实现活塞的前进或者后退；在所述集水装置内壁铰接一个可开合的放置台，所述的放置台与所述的活塞相 连，所述的活塞升高时，放置台向上运动，活塞降低时，放置台向下运动；所述的放置台上用于放置化学物质；所述的浓度测试仪与集水装置的下部连通，用于检测溶液的浓度。
进一步的，集水装置和浓度测试仪通过连接件与控制***相连，所述的控制***通过控制连接件的动作，将集水装置和浓度测试仪放置于待测溶洞中或者取出待测溶洞。
进一步的，在所述的放置台上用于放置有化学物质，化学物质随放置台打开而掉落溶腔内。
利用上述装置对封闭充水溶洞的体积进行测量的方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1对揭露充水溶洞的钻孔进行清孔工作；在钻孔中下好保护套管，并在地面固定套管；
步骤2将控制台通过连接件连接集水装置和浓度测试仪；在集水装置内的放置台上放置化学物质粉末；将控制台固定在地面上；将集水装置和浓度测试仪顺着套管伸入溶洞内部；
步骤3当仪器下放到溶洞中并被水没过一定深度方便提取测试液体时，将仪器位置固定；
步骤4通过地面控制台，使推进杆向下运动，活塞也向下运动；此处放置台随着活塞的向下运动，放置台逐渐打开，位于集水装置内部的质量为m的化学物质粉末一同掉落到溶腔内的水体中；经过一段时间的扩散过程，化学物质粉末在溶腔内溶解并逐渐扩散开；
步骤5：通过控制***控制活塞向上运动，溶腔内的溶液进入到收集装置中；浓度测试仪测试液体的容器与集水装置内部连通，在集水装置内部充水时，溶液进入浓度测试仪测试液体的容器内，完成提取一次溶液的操作；
步骤7：将集水装置中的液体排出，并重新收集溶洞内液体，通过浓度测试仪对收集的液体进行浓度测量，重复测量多次并依次记录数值，取多次测量结果平均值ρ，已知化学物质质量为m，经过公式
Figure PCTCN2019082304-appb-000001
计算得到充水溶洞最终体积V；
步骤8：完成测量工作，将仪器设备收回至地面。
进一步的，所述的化学物质是一种不与水或者空气中的成分发生反应的物质，将其放入水中简单易行，而且它在液体中扩散速度快；例如：氯化钠，以及其它符合条件的物质等。
进一步的，当仪器浸入水中时，位于装置最底端的集水装置能够自由完成给排水即可，所述的集水装置用来提取溶洞内的水以便于进行浓度测量。
进一步的，集水装置底部的开合由地面控制，当集水装置为关闭状态，测量仪就可以对提取出来的液体进行该化学物质的浓度测量。
进一步的，所述浓度测试仪在被测量物质浓度值趋于稳定后，会自动记录该数值并发出提示，以保证在最短时间内获取物质的稳定浓度，大大提高了效率，节省了时间。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明的针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量方法，与现有技术相比，能够快速较精确获取探测空间的体积信息，该方法力求短时间、高精度的获取体积，为工程上制定相关措施提供了重要的参考，预先确定了材料的合理用量，科学合理的安排各工序的施工，起到了正确指导施工的效果。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1是本发明针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量方法的示意图；
图2是本发明水下部分正视图；
图3是本发明水下部分侧视图；
图中：1-套管；2-集水装置；3-浓度测试仪；4-化学物质；5-控制***；6-推进杆；7-活塞；8-连接金属条；9-放置台。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根 据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合；
为了方便叙述，本发明中如果出现“上”、“下”、字样，仅表示与附图本身的上、下方向一致，并不对结构起限定作用,仅仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有技术中目前测量体积的方法有很多种，如借助三维激光扫描获取溶洞内部点云信息来建立溶洞立体模型，通过计算模型的体积来获取溶洞体积大小的方法，但激光在水中的穿透力不强，衰减较快，光束还没到达洞壁即衰减完全。采用声呐来测量体积的成本又太高。如何发明一种快速获取溶洞体积的方法已经成为急需解决的技术问题，为了解决如上的技术问题，本申请提出了一种针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***及方法。
具体的，如图1-3所示，针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***，包括集水装置2、浓度测试仪3和控制***5，所述的控制***5通过连接件与集水装置2相连，所述的集水装置2为一个顶部封闭，底部敞口的容器，所述的集水装置2的顶部为一个活塞，所述的活塞7连接一个推进杆，所述的推进杆由控制***控制其伸长或者缩短，实现活塞7的前进或者后退；在所述集水装置内壁铰接一个可开合的放置台，放置台9通过连接金属条8活塞7相连，所述的活塞7升高时，放置台向上运动，活塞7降低时，放置台9向下运动；所述的放置台9上用于放置化学物质；所述的浓度测试仪与集水装置2的下部连通，用于检测溶液的浓度。
集水装置2和浓度测试仪3通过连接件与控制***5相连，控制***5通过控制连接件的动作，将集水装置2和浓度测试仪3放置于待测溶洞中或者取出待测溶洞；这里的连接件可以采用滑轮和钢丝绳组合的升降装置，钢丝绳连接集水装置2和浓度测试仪3，通过控制钢丝绳起吊和下放集水装置2和浓度测试仪3。
在放置台9上用于放置有化学物质粉末。
具体如下：
步骤1对揭露充水溶洞的钻孔进行清孔工作；在钻孔中下好保护套管，并 在地面固定套管；
步骤2将控制台通过连接件连接集水装置和浓度测试仪；集水装置和浓度测试仪紧密贴合连接，浓度测试仪测试液体的容器与集水装置内部是连通的，此设计方便收集的液体直接用来测试；控制台固定在地面上；将化学物质粉末、集水装置和浓度测试仪顺着套管伸入溶洞内部；其中，化学物质粉末随底盖打开而掉落溶腔内；
步骤3当仪器下放到溶洞中并被水没过一定深度方便提取测试液体时，将仪器位置固定；
步骤4通过地面控制台，使推进杆向下运动，此时连接金属条牵引集水装置底盖分别向上运动，底盖逐渐打开，位于集水装置内部的化学物质粉末掉落到溶腔内的水体中；经过一段时间的扩散过程，化学物质粉末在溶腔内溶解并逐渐扩散开；为了尽量使化学物质粉末可以完全导入到溶腔中，可以通过金属条多次抖动底盖；且保证放置台的顶面要足够的光滑。
步骤5：集水装置主要是通过控制活塞上下运动来进行给排水过程，而活塞实际上由推进杆进行牵引，推进杆为机械设计，可通过地面控制台对其进行精准操作；另外，活塞顶部左右各由一根连接金属条与集水装置底盖连接，底盖由两部分组成，随着活塞向下、向上运动，底盖呈打开、闭合状态；
步骤6：浓度测试仪测试液体的容器与集水装置内部连通，此容器设置在集水装置靠近底盖位置，保证集水装置内部充水时，水能够自然进入容器内，完成提取水这一操作；
步骤7：在投放化学物质粉末之后，活塞位于集水装置最下方，集水装置内无液体，此时可通过控制台将推进杆向上收回，同时，连接金属条牵引底盖逐渐闭合以及活塞向上运动使装置充满水，由于浓度测试仪与装置内部为连通状态，测试液体收集完毕，将集水装置中的液体排出并重新收集溶洞内液体，通过浓度测试仪对收集的液体进行浓度测量，重复测量三次并依次记录数值ρ 1、ρ 2、ρ 3，取三次测量结果平均值ρ，已知化学物质质量为m，经过公式计算得到充水溶洞最终体积V；其计算公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2019082304-appb-000002
步骤8：完成测量工作，将仪器设备收回至地面；
所述的特殊化学物质是一种不与水或者空气中的成分发生反应的特殊物质，将其放入水中简单易行，而且它在液体中扩散速度极快；例如氯化钠，氯化钠对应的浓度测试仪可以是一种测量盐度的仪器设备，但并不限于盐度计，要视被检测物质来定。本例中可以是测量海水盐度的电导率盐度计，此设备原理简单、操作方便，可用于快速测定含盐(氯化钠)溶液重量百分比浓度。
当仪器浸入水中时，位于装置最底端的集水装置能够自由完成给排水即可，所述的集水装置用来提取溶洞内的水以便于进行浓度测量。
集水装置底部的开合由地面控制，当集水装置为关闭状态，测量仪就可以对提取出来的液体进行该化学物质的浓度测量。
浓度测试仪在被测量物质浓度值趋于稳定后，会自动记录该数值并发出提示，以保证在最短时间内获取物质的稳定浓度，大大提高了效率，节省了时间。
应该指出，以上所述旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。仅为本发明的优选示例而已，并不用于限制本发明。除非另有说明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。

Claims (6)

  1. 针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***，其特征在于，包括集水装置、浓度测试仪和控制***，所述的控制***通过连接件与集水装置相连，所述的集水装置为一个顶部封闭，底部敞口的容器，所述的集水装置的顶部为一个活塞，所述的活塞连接一个推进杆，所述的推进杆由控制***控制其伸长或者缩短，实现活塞的前进或者后退；在所述集水装置内壁铰接一个可开合的放置台，所述的放置台与所述的活塞相连，所述的活塞升高时，放置台向上运动，活塞降低时，放置台向下运动；所述的放置台上用于放置化学物质；所述的浓度测试仪与集水装置的下部连通，用于检测溶液的浓度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***，其特征在于，所述的控制***通过控制连接件的动作，将集水装置和浓度测试仪放置于待测溶洞中或者取出待测溶洞。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的针对封闭充水溶洞的体积测量***，其特征在于，在所述的放置台上用于放置有化学物质，化学物质随放置台打开而掉落溶腔内。
  4. 利用权利要求1-3任一所述的装置对封闭充水溶洞的体积进行测量的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1对揭露充水溶洞的钻孔进行清孔工作；在钻孔中下好保护套管，并在地面固定套管；
    步骤2将控制台通过连接件连接集水装置和浓度测试仪；在集水装置内的放置台上放置化学物质粉末；将控制台固定在地面上；将集水装置和浓度测试仪顺着套管伸入溶洞内部；
    步骤3当仪器下放到溶洞中并被水没过一定深度方便提取测试液体时，将仪器位置固定；
    步骤4通过地面控制台，使推进杆向下运动，活塞也向下运动；此处放置台随着活塞的向下运动，放置台逐渐打开，位于集水装置内部的质量为m的化学物质粉末一同掉落到溶腔内的水体中；经过一段时间的扩散过程，化学物质粉末在溶腔内溶解并逐渐扩散开；
    步骤5：通过控制***控制活塞向上运动，溶腔内的溶液进入到收集装置中；浓度测试仪测试液体的容器与集水装置内部连通，在集水装置内部充水时，溶液进入浓度测试仪测试液体的容器内，完成提取一次溶液的操作；
    步骤7：将集水装置中的液体排出，并重新收集溶洞内液体，通过浓度测试仪对收集的液体进行浓度测量，重复测量多次并依次记录数值，取多次测量结果平均值ρ，已知化学物质质量为m，经过公式
    Figure PCTCN2019082304-appb-100001
    计算得到充水溶洞最终体积V；
    步骤8：完成测量工作，将仪器设备收回至地面。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的化学物质为一种不与水或者空气中的成分发生反应的物质，将其放入水中时，可以在液体中迅速扩散。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的浓度测试仪在被测量物质浓度值趋于稳定后，会自动记录该数值并发出提示。
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