WO2020058600A1 - Storage facility for liquefied gas - Google Patents
Storage facility for liquefied gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020058600A1 WO2020058600A1 PCT/FR2019/052093 FR2019052093W WO2020058600A1 WO 2020058600 A1 WO2020058600 A1 WO 2020058600A1 FR 2019052093 W FR2019052093 W FR 2019052093W WO 2020058600 A1 WO2020058600 A1 WO 2020058600A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- tank
- thermally insulating
- panel
- insulating barrier
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
- F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
- F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks with membranes.
- the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks for the storage and / or transport of liquefied gas at low temperature, such as tanks for the transport of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (also called LPG) exhibiting by for example a temperature between -50 ° C and 0 ° C, or for the transport of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at around -162 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
- LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
- LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
- the liquefied gas is LNG, namely a mixture with a high methane content stored at a temperature of about -162 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
- Other liquefied gases can also be considered, in particular ethane, propane, butane or ethylene.
- the document WO2013124556 describes a sealed and thermally insulating tank in which a thermal insulation barrier is formed from a plurality of juxtaposed insulating blocks. These insulating blocks successively comprise, in a thickness direction of the tank wall, a bottom plate, a lower structural insulating foam, an intermediate plate, an upper structural insulating foam and a cover plate. In these insulating blocks, the plates are kept at a distance from each other in the thickness direction of the tank wall by the structural insulating foam.
- At least the secondary sealing membrane is anchored on the support structure using a connection structure at the angles between a transverse wall and a longitudinal wall the tank.
- connection structures on the supporting structure on the one hand and, on the other hand, their connection with the waterproof membranes allows the transfer of the forces between the membranes and the hull of the ship, thus solidifying the overall structure of the tank.
- connection structure makes it possible in particular to take up the tension forces resulting from the thermal contraction of the metal elements forming the watertight barriers, from the deformation of the hull to the sea and from the filling state of the tanks.
- Certain aspects of the invention start from the observation that when the tank is subjected to a large temperature variation, for example when the tank is loaded with liquefied gas, such a thermally insulating barrier assembled with such a connection structure can generate a differential d thickness in the tank wall. Indeed, if the thermally insulating barrier contracts more than the connection structure which supports the sealing membrane, the consequence is to move the sealing membrane away from the thermally insulating barrier. However, the thermally insulating barrier also has the role of supporting the waterproofing membrane. Such a gap therefore tends to weaken the waterproofing membrane and increase the risk of damage.
- the difference between the thermally insulating barrier and the sealing membrane during a large temperature variation will be called the barrier / membrane gap.
- One idea underlying the invention is to limit this gap.
- the invention provides a storage installation for a liquefied gas comprising a support structure and a sealed and thermally insulating tank arranged in the support structure, the tank comprising at least a first tank wall fixed to a first wall carrier of the carrier structure and a second vessel wall fixed to a second carrier wall of the carrier structure, each vessel wall comprising at least one membrane sealing and at least one thermally insulating barrier, the thermally insulating barrier being placed between the waterproofing membrane and the support structure, the storage installation comprising a connection structure configured to fix the waterproof membrane to the support structure along an edge between the first and the second load-bearing wall,
- connection structure comprising a main beam composed of a first panel parallel to the first support wall and fixed in leaktight manner to the sealing membrane of the first vessel wall and of a second panel parallel to the second support wall and tightly fixed to the sealing membrane of the second tank wall, the connection structure also comprising at least a first connection plate fixed to the first panel and extending parallel to the first panel in the direction of the second support wall and at least one second connecting plate fixed to the second panel and extending parallel to the second panel in the direction of the first support wall, the support structure comprising at least one first fixing wing projecting from the second support wall parallel to the first wall tank at a distance from the edge and at least one second fixing wing projecting from the first load-bearing wall parallel to the second vessel wall at a distance from the edge, in which the first connection plate is fixed to the first fixing wing and the second connection plate is fixed to the second fixing wing ,
- the at least first and second connection plates are formed in a material whose coefficient of thermal expansion is between 20.10 6 and 60.10 6 K 1 and the thermally insulating barrier is formed in a material whose coefficient of thermal expansion is between 20.10 6 and 60.10 6 K 1 , so that a first assembly extending between the second load-bearing wall and the second section of the main beam, comprising the first fixing wing and the first connection plate, has a thermal contraction substantially equal to the thermal contraction of the thermally insulating barrier of the second cell wall when the cell is cooled from an ambient temperature in an empty state to an equilibrium temperature free in full state and a second assembly extending between the first load-bearing wall and the first section of the main beam, comprising the second fixing wing and the second connection plate, has a thermal contraction substantially equal to the thermal contraction of the thermally insulating barrier of the first
- the full state corresponds to a state in which the tank has been partially or completely filled.
- connection structure has connection plates whose expansion coefficient is much higher than the main beam and of the same order of magnitude as the expansion coefficient of the thermally insulating barrier which allows the structure to connection and therefore to the waterproofing membrane to follow the movement in the thickness direction during the thermal contraction of the thermally insulating barrier.
- the composition in different materials of the supporting structure makes it possible to effectively manage the phenomena of variation in thickness of the walls of the tank of a sealed and thermally insulating tank after a large change in temperature to avoid too great a membrane / barrier gap.
- such a storage installation may include one or more of the following characteristics.
- the fixing between the first connecting plate and the first fixing wing and / or the fixing between the second connecting plate and the second fixing wing is or are carried out by welding, gluing, riveting or bolting.
- the fixing between the first connection plate and the first panel and / or the fixing between the second connection plate and the second panel is or are carried out by welding, gluing, riveting or bolting.
- the first panel is welded in a sealed manner, that is to say with a continuous weld bead between the two elements, to the sealing membrane of the first wall.
- the second panel is sealed, that is to say with a continuous weld bead between the two elements, to the sealing membrane of the first tank wall.
- connection structure acts as a continuity of the sealing membrane in the region of intersection between the first tank wall and the second tank wall.
- the waterproofing membrane is formed from an alloy of iron and nickel having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 0.5.10 6 and 2.10 6 K 1 .
- the waterproofing membrane is formed from an alloy of iron and manganese having a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 6.5.10 6 and 7.5.10 6 K 1 , for example with 18 to 22% of manganese in weight.
- connection structure comprises a plurality of first connection plates fixed to the first panel and spaced from each other regularly or irregularly along the edge and in which the connection structure comprises a plurality of second plates connection fixed to the second panel and spaced from each other regularly or irregularly along the edge.
- the fixing between the waterproofing membrane and the support structure is done discontinuously by means of connection plates spaced from one another. This discreet attachment prevents parasitic bending between these different elements and therefore prevents damage
- the first and second fixing flanges are made of stainless steel whose coefficient of thermal expansion is between 12.10 6 and 16.10 6 K 1 .
- the thermally insulating barrier is composed of foam reinforced with fibers whose coefficient of thermal expansion is between 35.10 6 and 60.10 6 K 1 .
- the foam is a polyurethane foam.
- the thermally insulating barrier of the first tank wall, respectively of the second tank wall is composed of fiber reinforced foam, the fibers being oriented parallel to the first support wall, respectively the second support wall.
- the first and second connection plates are formed from an iron-nickel metal alloy, for example iron-nickel-manganese or iron-nickel-chromium, having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 20.10 6 and 30.10 6 K 1 .
- the first and second connection plates are formed from an aluminum-zinc metal alloy having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 20.10 6 and 30.10 6 K 1 .
- the first and second connection plates are formed from an alloy with a high manganese content, for example with at least 50% manganese, having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 20.10 6 and 30.10 6 K 1 .
- the first and second connection plates are formed from a possibly fiber-reinforced polymer material having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 20.10 6 and 60.10 6 K 1 .
- the thermally insulating barrier has a dimension in a thickness direction of the tank wall of between 250 and 800 mm.
- the first and second connection plates have a dimension in a thickness direction of the tank wall greater than 150 mm, preferably between 200 and 500 mm, more preferably 300 to 400 mm.
- the first and second connection plates have a dimension sufficient for the thermal contraction of the first set and of the second set respectively to be substantially equal to the thermal contraction of the thermally insulating barrier.
- the first and second fixing wings have a dimension in a thickness direction of the tank wall greater than 30 mm, preferably between 40 and 80 mm.
- the first and second fixing wings have a dimension sufficient to allow fixing, for example welding using a welding torch, the first and second fixing wings with respectively the first plate connection and the second connection plate.
- the first connection plate is fixed to the first panel between the primary thermally insulating barrier of the first wall and the secondary thermally insulating barrier of the first wall
- the second connection plate is fixed to the second panel between the primary thermally insulating barrier of the second wall and the secondary thermally insulating barrier of the second wall.
- the first connection plate has a first end, a second end and a central portion between the first end and the second end, the first end being fixed to the first fixing wing, the second end being fixed to the first pan, and the section of the central portion being different from the section of the first and second ends, preferably the section of the central portion is smaller than the section of the first and second ends.
- the second connection plate has a first end, a second end and a central portion between the first end and the second end, the first end being fixed to the second fixing wing, the second end being fixed to the second panel, and the section of the central portion being different from the section of the first and second ends, preferably the section of the central portion is smaller than the section of the first and second ends.
- the first panel comprises a first anchoring portion extending between the second bearing wall and the sealing membrane of the second wall and the second panel comprises a second anchoring portion extending between the first support wall and the sealing membrane of the first wall, the first connection plate being fixed to the first anchoring portion and the second connection plate being fixed to the second anchoring portion.
- said portion of first panel and said portion of second panel have a dimension in a thickness direction of the sealed and thermally insulating tank greater than 30 mm, preferably between 40 and 80 mm.
- said portion of first section and said portion of second section are of sufficient size to allow welding, using a welding torch, of said portion of first section and said portion of second section with respectively the first connection plate and the second connection plate.
- said first pan portion and said second pan portion are respectively a first pan anchoring portion and a second anchoring portion, the first pan comprising a first pan receiving portion fixed to the waterproofing membrane of the first wall and the second panel comprising a second panel receiving portion fixed to the waterproofing membrane of the second wall.
- the first panel and the second panel are fixed to each other at a right angle by a welded connection, the receiving portion of the first panel and the anchoring portion of the first panel being located on either side of the welded connection, and the second pan receiving portion and the second pan anchoring portion being located on either side of the welded connection.
- the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermally insulating barrier and the sealing membrane is a secondary sealing membrane
- the first vessel wall and the second vessel wall further comprise in a direction of thickness from outside to inside the tank the secondary insulating thermal barrier, the secondary sealing membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier carried by the secondary sealing membrane and a primary sealing membrane carried by the primary thermally insulating barrier
- the secondary thermally insulating barrier comprises a plurality of juxtaposed parallelepipedal insulating blocks and the secondary sealing membrane comprises a plurality of parallel strakes, a strake comprising a flat central portion resting on an upper surface of the insulating panels of the secondary thermally insulating barrier and two raised edges projecting towards the primary sealing membrane relative to the central portion, the strakes being juxtaposed in a repeated pattern and welded together in a leaktight manner at the raised edges, anchoring wings anchored with the insulating blocks of the secondary thermally insulating barrier being arranged between the juxtaposed strakes to retain the secondary sealing membrane on the secondary thermally insulating barrier
- the primary sealing membrane is composed of corrugated metal plates.
- the invention provides a method of manufacturing a storage installation for a liquefied gas comprising a support structure and a sealed and thermally insulating tank arranged in the support structure, the tank comprising at least a first wall of tank fixed to a first support wall of the support structure and a second tank wall fixed to a second support wall of the support structure, each tank wall comprising at least one sealing membrane and at least one thermally insulating barrier, the barrier thermally insulating being placed between the waterproofing membrane and the support structure, the storage installation comprising a connection structure configured to fix the waterproof membrane to the support structure along an edge between the first and the second wall load-bearing, the connection structure comprising a main beam composed of a first p year parallel to the first load-bearing wall and tightly fixed to the sealing membrane of the first vessel wall and a second pa parallel to the second load-bearing wall and tightly fixed to the sealing membrane of the second tank wall, the connection structure also comprising at least a first connection plate fixed to the first panel and extending parallel to
- the method comprises the step of selecting a dimension of the thermally insulating barrier in a thickness direction of the sealed and thermally insulating tank, for example between 250 and 500 mm.
- the method comprises the step of selecting a dimension of the first and second connection plates in a thickness direction of the sealed and thermally insulating tank, for example of a value greater than 150 mm.
- the method comprises the step of selecting a dimension of the first and second fixing wings in a thickness direction of the sealed and thermally insulating tank, for example of a value greater than 50 mm.
- the method comprises the step of selecting a dimension of said portion of first panel and said portion of second panel in a thickness direction of the sealed and thermally insulating tank, for example of a greater value at 50 mm.
- Such a storage installation may be a terrestrial storage installation, for example for storing LNG or be a floating, coastal or deep water storage installation, in particular on an LNG vessel, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating remote production and storage unit (FPSO) and others.
- FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
- FPSO floating remote production and storage unit
- Such a storage installation can also serve as a fuel tank in any type of ship.
- a vessel for transporting a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and the aforementioned storage installation, part of the double hull forming the carrying structure of the storage installation.
- the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a ship, in which a cold liquid product is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage installation to or from the vessel of the ship.
- the invention also provides a transfer system for a cold liquid product, the system comprising the aforementioned ship, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the ship to a floating storage installation. or terrestrial and a pump to drive a flow of cold liquid product through the isolated pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage facility to or from the vessel of the ship.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tank at an angle formed by two walls of the tank.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the tank of Figure 1 in which only the connection structure and the support structure have been shown.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing an eligible thermal expansion coefficient for a connection plate as a function of an admissible membrane / barrier gap, for several embodiments of thermally insulating barrier.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an eligible thermal expansion coefficient for a connection plate as a function of a thermal expansion coefficient of the thermally insulating barrier, for several values of the membrane / barrier gap.
- FIG. 5 is a cutaway schematic representation of an LNG tanker comprising a sealed and thermally insulating tank and of a loading / unloading terminal of this tank.
- a vessel wall is attached to a support wall of a support structure.
- FIG. 1 there is shown the multilayer structure of two tank walls 1 and 101 of a sealed and thermally insulating tank for the storage of a liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG).
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- Each tank wall 1, 101 successively comprises, in the thickness direction, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 retained at a load-bearing wall 3, 103, a membrane d secondary sealing 4, 104 resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102, a primary thermally insulating barrier 5, 105 resting against the secondary sealing membrane 4, 104 and a primary sealing membrane 6, 106 intended to be in contact with liquefied natural gas in the tank.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- the supporting structure can in particular be formed by the hull or double hull of a ship.
- the support structure comprises a plurality of support walls 3, 103 defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape.
- the two bearing walls 3 and 103 meet at an edge 100, forming a dihedral angle which could have different values.
- an angle of 90 ° is shown.
- the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 comprises a plurality of secondary insulating panels 7, 107 which are anchored on the supporting wall 3, 103 by means of retaining devices (not shown) known elsewhere.
- a secondary insulating panel 7, 107 comprises a bottom plate, a cover plate and possibly an intermediate plate, for example made of plywood.
- the secondary insulating panel 7, 107 also comprises one or more layers of insulating polymeric foam sandwiched between the bottom plate, the cover plate and the optional intermediate plate and bonded thereto.
- the insulating polymer foam can in particular be a polyurethane-based foam, optionally reinforced with fibers.
- the secondary sealing membrane 4, 104 comprises a continuous sheet of metal strakes, with raised edges.
- the strakes are welded by their edges recorded on parallel welding supports which are fixed in grooves made on the cover plates of the secondary insulating panels 7, 107.
- the strakes are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an iron alloy and nickel, the expansion coefficient of which is typically between 1, 2.10 6 and 2.10 6 K 1 . It is also possible to use alloys of iron and manganese whose coefficient of expansion is typically of the order of 7.10 6 K 1 .
- the primary thermally insulating barrier 5, 105 comprises a plurality of primary insulating panels 8, 108 which can be produced according to different structures known elsewhere.
- the primary sealing membrane 6, 106 can be produced in various ways. In FIG. 1, it comprises a continuous sheet of sheet metal which has two series of mutually perpendicular undulations. The first series of ripples
- 1 10 extends parallel to edge 100.
- the two series of corrugations may have regular spacing or periodic irregular spacing.
- the secondary waterproofing membrane 4 of the first tank wall 1 and the secondary waterproofing membrane 104 of the second tank wall 101 are anchored to the support structure using a connection structure 1 1 at level d 'An angle of the tank, that is to say near the edge 100 where the two load-bearing walls 3 and 103 meet.
- the connection structure 11 comprises a main beam 12, metallic, which is placed parallel to the edge 100.
- the main beam 12 has a first panel 13, extending parallel to the load-bearing wall 3 and a second panel 14, s' extending parallel to the load-bearing wall 103. These two sides 13, 14 are assembled at an angle corresponds to the angle formed between the two load-bearing walls 3 and 103, in this case at a right angle, by a welded connection.
- the second panel 14 can be formed of two plates welded on either side of the first panel 13, which can be produced in one piece or also in the form of several plates welded together.
- the main beam 12 is in the form of a cross.
- the portion of the first panel 13 which extends between the support structure and the welded connection of the panels 13, 14 is an anchoring portion 15 making it possible to link the connection structure 11 to the support wall 103 to take up the tension force of the secondary waterproofing membrane 4.
- the portion of the second panel 14 which extends between the support structure and the welded connection of the panels 13, 14 is an anchoring portion 16 making it possible to link the connection structure 11 to the support wall 3 to take up the tensile force of the secondary sealing membrane 104.
- the portion of the first panel 13 which extends beyond the welded connection of the two panels 13, 14 and between the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 and the primary thermally insulating barrier 5 is a receiving portion 17 on which the end of the secondary sealing membrane 4 is welded.
- the portion of the second panel 14 which extends beyond the welded connection of the two panels 13, 14 and between the secondary thermally insulating barrier 102 and the primary thermally insulating barrier 105 is a receiving portion 18 on which the end of the secondary membrane 104 is welded.
- connection structure 11 also comprises at least a first connection plate 19 fixed to the anchoring portion 15 of the first panel 13 and extending parallel to the first panel 13 in the direction of the load-bearing wall 103.
- connection structure 11 comprises at least a second connection plate 20 fixed to the anchoring portion 16 of the second panel 14 and extending parallel to the second panel 14 in the direction of the support wall 3.
- the support structure comprises a first attachment wing 21 projecting from the support wall 103 parallel to the tank wall 1 away from the edge 100 and a second attachment wing 22 projecting from the support wall 3 parallel to the wall tank 101 at a distance from the edge 100.
- the first connection plate 19 is fixed to the first fixing wing 21 so as to connect the anchoring portion 15 of the first panel 13 to the bearing wall 103.
- the second connecting plate 20 is fixed to the second fixing wing 22 so as to connect the anchoring portion of the second panel to the carrying wall 3. In this way, the membranes secondary seals 4, 104 are anchored to the support structure via the connection structure 11.
- connection structure and the load-bearing walls 3, 103 can be carried out discreetly.
- the anchoring portion 15 of the first panel 13 is fixed to the first fixing wing 21 by a plurality of first connection plates 19 spaced apart from each other regularly along the edge 100.
- portion of anchoring 16 of the second panel 14 is fixed to the second fixing wing 22 by a plurality of second connecting plates 20 spaced apart from each other regularly along the edge 100.
- Figure 2 shows in perspective according to another embodiment the attachment between the connection structure and the load-bearing walls 3, 103.
- the attachment between the connection structure and the load-bearing walls 3, 103 is produced in a discrete manner.
- the first panel 13 is fixed to the first fixing wing 21 by a plurality of first connection plates 19 spaced apart from each other regularly along the edge 100.
- the second panel 14 is fixed to the second wing fixing 22 by a plurality of second connecting plates 20 spaced apart from each other regularly along the edge 100.
- the second panel 14 is formed from a single plate and the first panel 13 is formed from a single plate, so that the first panel 13 and the second panel 14 are either welded to it. one to the other by one of their edges, or made by folding at an angle equal to that between the first load-bearing wall 3 and the second load-bearing wall 103.
- the first panel 13 and the second panel 14 extend only between the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102, and the primary thermally insulating barrier 5, 105.
- the connection plates 19, 20 are therefore here fixed to the main beam 12 between the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102, and the barrier primary thermally insulating 5, 105.
- the main beam 12 therefore has an L shape.
- the first connection plates 19 and the second connection plates 20 can be alternated along the edge 100 as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the connection plates 19, 20 can also be fixed to the first panel 13 and in the second section 14 at the same level of the edge 100.
- the first connection plates 19 and the second connection plates 20 may have a first end welded to the first fixing wing 21 and to the second fixing wing 22 respectively, a second end welded to the first panel 13 and to the second panel respectively, and a central portion between the first end and the second end.
- the central portion can thus have a section different from the sections with welded ends, for example the central section is smaller than the section at the ends.
- this makes it possible to reduce the heat fluxes between the secondary barrier 104, 4 and the load-bearing wall 3, 103 and to improve the mechanical resistance to fatigue.
- the fixing between the connection structure 11 and the load-bearing walls 3, 103 is carried out continuously. Indeed, the anchoring portion 15 of the first panel 13 is fixed to the first fixing wing 21 by a single first connecting plate 19 of a size equivalent to the first fixing wing 21 or a plurality of first connecting plates
- the anchoring portion 16 of the second panel 14 is fixed to the second fixing wing 22 by a single second connection plate 20 of a size equivalent to the second fixing wing 22 or a plurality of second connection plates 20 placed end to end along the edge 100.
- connection structure 1 1 in order to limit the barrier / membrane gap.
- connection structure 11 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 contract substantially equally.
- the dimensions and the materials of the connection structure 11, of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 and of the fixing wings 21, 22 are fixed as follows:
- Material of main beam 12 Invar ® with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1, 2.10 6 K 1 .
- Material of the fixing wings 21, 22 Steel with a coefficient of thermal expansion of 15.10 6 K 1 .
- thermal gradient in the materials used is substantially linear. It is also assumed that the temperature variation between the secondary sealing membrane 4, 104 and the support wall 3, 103 is equal to 130 K.
- FIG. 3 represents a graph with the barrier / membrane gap in mm on the abscissa and an eligible coefficient of thermal expansion for the material of the connection plates 19, 20 in K 1 on the ordinate.
- curves 23 to 28 are plotted for different natures of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102.
- Curve 23 represents the coefficient of thermal expansion eligible for the connection plates 19.20 as a function of the barrier / membrane gap, for a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 made of plywood boxes whose coefficient of thermal expansion is l 6.10 6 K 1 .
- line 34 represents the coefficient of thermal expansion of the Invar ® material. The intersection between line 34 and curve 23 therefore represents the association of connection plates 19, 20 in Invar® and a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 in plywood.
- the known association plywood / l nvar® therefore has a barrier / membrane difference of less than 0.1, a value therefore situated within the admissibility range.
- the barrier / membrane gap it is preferable to limit the barrier / membrane gap to a value between 0 and 1 mm, more preferably between 0 and 0, 8 mm,. In fact, beyond 1 mm, the secondary sealing membrane 4, 104 undergoes a so-called “walking” effect in which the latter is no longer sufficiently supported by the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 and undergoes a significant bending force. In addition, for a negative barrier / membrane gap, namely that the connection structure 1 1 would contract more than the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102, the secondary sealing membrane 4, 104 would apply a compressive force on the barrier. Secondary thermally insulating 2, 102 which is not desirable.
- the ideal value of the barrier / membrane gap is therefore as close as 0 mm in positive values.
- the material chosen for the connection plates 19, 20 must also be able to take up the forces undergone by the secondary sealing membrane 4, 105 and therefore for this must be sufficiently resistant, in particular in traction / compression at relatively low values of temperature.
- Curves 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 represent the coefficient of thermal expansion eligible for the connection plates 19.20 as a function of the barrier / membrane gap, for a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 whose coefficient of expansion thermal is respectively 20.10 6 K 1 , 30.10 6 K 1 , 40.10 6 K 1 , 50.10 6 K 1 and 60.10 6 K 1 , for example made of insulating foam.
- the Invar® material for the connection plates 19, 20 is not the most suitable for insulating foams whose coefficient of thermal expansion is between 20 10 6 and 60 10 6 K 1 .
- the admissible deviation even becomes greater than 0.8 mm for values of coefficient of thermal expansion greater than 40 10 6 K 1 .
- curve 27 shows at point 30 that the material of the connection plates 19, 20 must have a coefficient of thermal expansion d 'around 25 10 6 K 1 .
- the coefficient of thermal expansion of the connection plates 19, 20 must be between approximately 25 10 6 K 1 and 65 10 6 K 1 .
- the curves in FIG. 3 illustrate a method for selecting a material which can be used for the connection plates 19, 20. Those skilled in the art will be able to determine similar curves under other assumptions, for example for different thicknesses of the insulating barrier.
- connection plates 19.20 a p the coefficient of thermal expansion of the connection plates 19.20
- L has the dimension in the thickness direction of the fixing wings 21, 22, a m the coefficient of thermal expansion of the secondary insulating thermal barrier 2, 102,
- FIG. 4 represents a graph with on the abscissa the coefficient of thermal expansion of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102 in K 1 and on the ordinate the coefficient of expansion of the material of the connection plates 19, 20 K 1 , under the same assumptions as those which were used in FIG. 3. Several curves are plotted for different values of the barrier / membrane difference.
- Curves 31, 32 and 33 represent the coefficient of thermal expansion eligible for connection plates 19.20 as a function of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2, 102, for a barrier / membrane difference of 0.1 respectively mm, 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm.
- the table below represents different examples A, B, C of selections, represented by points A, B and C in FIG. 3, in which the material of the secondary thermally insulating barrier associated with the material of the connection plate allows '' Obtain barrier / membrane differences included in the eligibility range.
- a cutaway view of an LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
- the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary waterproof barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary waterproof barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproof barrier and the secondary waterproof barrier and between the secondary waterproof barrier and the double shell 72.
- loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and a shore installation 77.
- the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74.
- the mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
- the mobile arm 74 can be adjusted to suit all LNG tankers' sizes .
- a connection pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78.
- the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
- This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the subsea pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
- the subsea pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201980075744.0A CN113056632B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2019-09-10 | Storage device for liquefied gases |
KR1020217011303A KR20210058937A (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2019-09-10 | Storage facilities for liquefied gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1858431A FR3086031B1 (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | LIQUEFIED GAS STORAGE INSTALLATION |
FR1858431 | 2018-09-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2020058600A1 true WO2020058600A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
Family
ID=64049421
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2019/052093 WO2020058600A1 (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2019-09-10 | Storage facility for liquefied gas |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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KR (1) | KR20210058937A (en) |
CN (1) | CN113056632B (en) |
FR (1) | FR3086031B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020058600A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2426856A1 (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1979-12-21 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | CORNER STRUCTURE FOR CONTAINER OF CRYOGENIC LIQUIDS |
EP0543686A1 (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-05-26 | Gaz-Transport | Fluid-tight and heat-insulating tank integrated in a ship's hull structure |
WO2013124556A1 (en) | 2012-02-20 | 2013-08-29 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a corner piece |
WO2015132498A1 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-11 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and insulating vessel comprising a deflection element allowing the flow of gas at a corner |
KR101855628B1 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-05-08 | 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈 | A method for mounting an anchoring device for sealed and thermally insulating tank |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2991748B1 (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2015-02-20 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK |
FR3038690B1 (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2018-01-05 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | THERMALLY INSULATING, WATERPROOF TANK WITH SECONDARY SEALING MEMBRANE EQUIPPED WITH ANGLE ARRANGEMENT WITH WALL-MOLDED METAL SHEETS |
FR3042253B1 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2018-05-18 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK |
-
2018
- 2018-09-18 FR FR1858431A patent/FR3086031B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-09-10 CN CN201980075744.0A patent/CN113056632B/en active Active
- 2019-09-10 WO PCT/FR2019/052093 patent/WO2020058600A1/en active Application Filing
- 2019-09-10 KR KR1020217011303A patent/KR20210058937A/en active Search and Examination
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2426856A1 (en) * | 1978-05-26 | 1979-12-21 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | CORNER STRUCTURE FOR CONTAINER OF CRYOGENIC LIQUIDS |
EP0543686A1 (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-05-26 | Gaz-Transport | Fluid-tight and heat-insulating tank integrated in a ship's hull structure |
WO2013124556A1 (en) | 2012-02-20 | 2013-08-29 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a corner piece |
WO2015132498A1 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-11 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Sealed and insulating vessel comprising a deflection element allowing the flow of gas at a corner |
KR101855628B1 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-05-08 | 가즈트랑스포르 에 떼끄니가즈 | A method for mounting an anchoring device for sealed and thermally insulating tank |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113056632A (en) | 2021-06-29 |
CN113056632B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
KR20210058937A (en) | 2021-05-24 |
FR3086031B1 (en) | 2020-09-11 |
FR3086031A1 (en) | 2020-03-20 |
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