WO2020048276A1 - 一种充电接口的保护方法及充电装置 - Google Patents

一种充电接口的保护方法及充电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020048276A1
WO2020048276A1 PCT/CN2019/099320 CN2019099320W WO2020048276A1 WO 2020048276 A1 WO2020048276 A1 WO 2020048276A1 CN 2019099320 W CN2019099320 W CN 2019099320W WO 2020048276 A1 WO2020048276 A1 WO 2020048276A1
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voltage
pin
charging interface
circuit
control signal
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PCT/CN2019/099320
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English (en)
French (fr)
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曾海军
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020048276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020048276A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to circuit protection technology, and in particular, to a protection method and a charging device for a charging interface.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • TPYE C TPYE C interfaces
  • signal pins on the periphery of the charging pin (VBUS / VCHG pin). After the mobile terminal is used for a period of time, the interface will enter the dust phenomenon, or even Water ingress is likely to cause a short circuit or short circuit between VBUS / VCHG pin and the adjacent signal pin.
  • the user when it inserts the data cable, it may cause a short circuit between the VBUS / VCHG pin and the adjacent signal pin, causing some functions to fail, or even the mobile terminal being unusable, causing dissatisfaction or complaints from the mobile terminal user.
  • This situation The TPYE C interface is more obvious, because the TPYE C interface has more pins, and the distance between the pins is smaller. Compared to the conventional USB interface, the above situation is more likely to occur.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a protection method and a charging device for a charging interface.
  • the method for protecting a charging interface includes: comparing a voltage of a first pin of the charging interface with a reference voltage, and obtaining a first control signal based on a comparison result; and controlling the first control signal based on the first control signal. Whether the second pin of the charging interface is connected to ground.
  • the charging device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a charging interface; a comparison circuit for comparing a voltage of a first pin of the charging interface with a reference voltage, and outputting a first control signal based on a comparison result; The first control signal controls whether the second pin of the charging interface is connected to ground.
  • FIG. 1 is a first flowchart of a method for protecting a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a comparator provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an output diagram of a working principle of a comparator provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a connection structure diagram of a single comparator and a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a connection structure diagram of a multi-channel comparator, a charging interface, and a transistor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage dividing circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an output of a voltage divider circuit as an input of a comparator according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8 is a second flowchart of a method for protecting a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the order of the pins of the USB interface is VBUS / VCHG, D- / DM, D + / DP, ID, and GND.
  • the order of the pins of the simple TPYE C interface is GND, VBUS / VCHG, CC2, NC, D + / DP, D- / DM, D + / DP, D- / DM, CC1, NC, VBUS / VCHG, GND.
  • the pins of the TPYE C interface include two rows.
  • the order of the pins on the upper row is GND, TX1 +, TX-, VBUS / VCHG, CC1, D +, D-, SBU1, VBUS / VCHG, RX2-, RX2 +, GND.
  • the order of the pins is GND, RX1 +, RX1-, VBUS / VCHG, SBU2, D-, D +, CC2, VBUS / VCHG, TX2-, TX2 +, GND.
  • the second pin refers to a VBUS / VCHG pin, and is referred to as a charging pin.
  • the first pin refers to the signal pin around the VBUS / VCHG pin.
  • the first pin can be D- / DM, D + / DP, etc.
  • the first pin can be CC2, NC, D + / DP, D- / DM, etc.
  • the first pin can be TX1 +, TX-, RX2-, RX2 +, and so on. It is worth noting that the first pin is not limited to the above example, and any pin that is prone to short circuit with the VBUS / VCHG pin can be used as the first pin.
  • the embodiments of the present application propose the following technical solutions.
  • the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface and the reference voltage are compared, and a first control signal is output based on the comparison result; based on the first control signal, the second control signal of the charging interface is controlled. Whether the pin is connected to ground.
  • the voltage of the first pin will be higher than the reference voltage, thereby triggering the first control signal to achieve the second pin and The ground is connected, and the second pin is a charging pin (VBUS / VCHG pin).
  • the solution of this embodiment adopts a pure hardware circuit to respond more quickly, thereby achieving faster protection of the charging interface, and also protecting the charging interface.
  • Related charging circuit if a short circuit occurs between the second pin and the surrounding first pin, the voltage of the first pin will be higher than the reference voltage, thereby triggering the first control signal to achieve the second pin and The ground is connected, and the second pin is a charging pin (VBUS / VCHG pin).
  • FIG. 1 is a first flowchart of a method for protecting a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the method for protecting a charging interface includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 Compare the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage, and obtain a first control signal based on the comparison result.
  • the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface and the reference voltage may be compared by a comparison circuit (also referred to as a comparator), and the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface may also be compared by a detection circuit. With the size of the reference voltage.
  • the charging interface includes N first pins, where N is a positive integer. All N first pins of the charging interface are connected to a first input terminal of a comparison circuit, the reference voltage is connected to a second input terminal of the comparison circuit, and the N The voltage of the first pin and the reference voltage are compared respectively.
  • N 1, connect a first pin to the first input terminal of the comparison circuit, connect the reference voltage to the second input terminal of the comparison circuit, and compare the The voltage of one first pin is compared with the reference voltage.
  • the comparison circuit can be implemented by a single comparator.
  • N 4, connect 4 first pins to the first input terminal of the comparison circuit, connect the reference voltage to the second input terminal of the comparison circuit, The voltages of the four first pins are compared with the reference voltage, respectively.
  • the comparison circuit can be implemented by a 4-way comparator.
  • the output terminal of the comparison circuit if the voltage of at least one of the N first pins is higher than the reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison circuit outputs the first voltage; if the N If the voltage of the first pin is lower than the reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison circuit outputs a second voltage; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a comparator provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the comparator may be a single-channel comparator or a multi-channel comparator.
  • the high level of the comparator is defined as V +
  • the low level is defined as V-
  • the first input terminal (that is, the positive input terminal) of the comparator is defined as Vin +
  • the second input terminal (that is, the negative input terminal) is defined Is Vin-
  • the output is defined as Vout.
  • FIG. 3 is an output diagram of the working principle of the comparator provided in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the horizontal axis is the first input terminal (ie, the positive input terminal) Vin + of the comparator, and the vertical axis is the output of the comparator
  • the terminals Vout, V + and V- are the high and low levels of the comparator.
  • V- is 0 in Figure 3.
  • a non-inverting comparator is used.
  • Vin- is the reference voltage.
  • Vin + is greater than Vin-
  • the output terminal Vout becomes High.
  • FIG. 4 is a connection structure diagram of a single comparator and a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application, where V + of the comparator is connected to VBUS, and V- is grounded; Vin- of the comparator is connected to a VBAT voltage signal or VBUS.
  • the voltage divider circuit, Vin + of the comparator is connected to a signal adjacent to VBUS / VCHG.
  • Figure 4 is signal A; the output of this comparator is used as the input signal of the control terminal (ie, the base) of the triode.
  • Step 102 Control whether the second pin of the charging interface is connected to ground based on the first control signal.
  • an output terminal of the comparison circuit is connected to a control terminal of a switching circuit, and the conducting state of the switching circuit is controlled by the first control signal; wherein, if the first control signal has a first A voltage, the switch circuit is in an on state, and the second pin of the charging interface is connected to ground; if the first control signal has a second voltage, the switch circuit is in an off state, the The second pin of the charging interface is not connected to ground; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
  • the switching circuit is a triode or a field effect MOS transistor.
  • FIG. 5 is a connection structure diagram of a multi-channel comparator, a charging interface, and a transistor provided in an embodiment of the present application, where A is a charging interface (also called a connector), and the type of the charging interface is not limited. It is a SUB interface, it can also be a TYPE interface, or a non-standard interface. B is a comparator and C is a transistor. Figure 5 uses the TYPE interface as an example. The number of the second pins is two, which correspond to VBUS in the upper row and VBUS in the lower row, respectively. The first pins near the upper row of VBUS include signal A and signal B. The first pins near the lower row of VBUS include signal C and signal D.
  • A is a charging interface (also called a connector), and the type of the charging interface is not limited. It is a SUB interface, it can also be a TYPE interface, or a non-standard interface.
  • B is a comparator and C is a transistor.
  • Figure 5
  • the output of the comparator is low and the transistor is cut off.
  • the input of Vin + of the comparator The voltage becomes VBUS voltage, and the VBUS voltage is greater than the Vin- voltage.
  • the output of the above comparator becomes high level, so as to control the transistor to turn on and turn off the charging to protect the charging interface and the corresponding circuit on the circuit board (including IC) purpose.
  • the pins of the above row are taken as an example, the pins of the lower row are the same as those of the upper row.
  • the reference voltage is less than the voltage of the second pin.
  • the reference voltage may be a VBAT voltage or a divided voltage of a VBUS voltage.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage dividing circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the VBUS voltage is grounded through two resistors R1 and R2, Vr is output to the input terminal Vin- of the comparator (refer to Figure 7).
  • R1 and R2 are K-level. The specific value can be adjusted according to the voltage of VBUs.
  • This embodiment breaks the original conventional design scheme, and connects the signal pin adjacent to VBUS / VCHG pin at the USB connector or TPYE C connector or other connector to the voltage comparator, and at the same time, one of the VBUS / A transistor is added between VCHG pin and GND.
  • the output of the voltage comparator is used to control the on and off of this transistor, so as to quickly turn off the charging to protect the USB connector, TPYE connector or other connectors and the circuit board.
  • Related circuits finally achieve the purpose of protecting mobile terminal equipment.
  • FIG. 8 is a second flowchart of a method for protecting a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present application is applied to a charging interface (also referred to as a connector), such as a USB interface, a TPYE interface, etc.
  • the protection method of the charging interface includes the following steps:
  • Step 801 Connect the signal pin of the charging interface adjacent to the VBUS / VCHG pin.
  • Step 802 Select an appropriate voltage comparator according to the number of signal pins adjacent to VBUS / VCHG pin.
  • the voltage comparator may be a single voltage comparator or a multi-channel voltage comparator.
  • V + of the voltage comparator is connected to VBUS and V- is grounded.
  • Step 803 The pin signal received in step 801 is correspondingly connected to Vin + of a single or multiple voltage comparator.
  • Step 804 Connect the divided voltage of Vbat or VBUS to the input Vin- of the single or multiple voltage comparators.
  • Step 805 Select a suitable transistor, and connect the comparator output to the control terminal (base) of the transistor.
  • an NPN type transistor can be selected.
  • Step 806 Connect the VBUS / VCHG pin on the charging interface to the collector terminal of the triode, and the emitter of the triode is grounded.
  • Step 807 Use the base of the triode to control the collector and the emitter to be turned off or on, so as to protect the charging interface and its internal circuit.
  • the following describes the protection process of the charging interface in the embodiment of the present application with two scenarios where a short circuit occurs in the charging interface and the mobile phone battery runs out of power.
  • Scenario 1 Water inlet causes a short circuit in the charging interface. Refer to Figure 2 to Figure 5.
  • the short circuit of water inlet is that signal A and VBUS are shorted.
  • the voltage of signal A will become the voltage of VBUS (the voltage of VBUS is 5V as an example)
  • the input voltage of Vin + of the comparator is 5V
  • the input voltage of Vin- is Vbat voltage or the divided voltage of VBUS.
  • This voltage is less than the voltage of Vin +, so the Vout of the comparator will change from low level to High level, to control the base of the transistor to go high, make its collector and emitter conductive, VBUS and GND short-circuited, so that short-circuit protection is started, charging is stopped, and the purpose of protecting its charging interface and its internal circuit is achieved.
  • Scenario 2 The battery is dead (in this case, the complete dead battery is 0V). At this time, the Vin- of the comparator can only use the VBUS voltage division shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7. At this time, the charger is inserted and the Vin- The input voltage will become the divided voltage of VBUS (such as 4V), the Vout of the comparator is low, and the circuit does not work, which is equivalent to the working scenario with battery power.
  • the above scenario 1 is similar.
  • Scenario 3 The shutdown circuit of the mobile phone does not work. Only when the charger is detected, the circuit starts to work. If no short circuit occurs, the comparator Vin + is greater than Vin-, and the output of the comparator is always low. When a short circuit occurs At this time, the work flow is the same as scenario 1, which is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural composition diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging device includes a charging interface 900 and a comparison circuit 901 for comparing a voltage of a first pin 9001 of the charging interface 900. And a reference voltage that outputs a first control signal based on a comparison result; a switching circuit 902 is configured to control whether the second pin 9002 of the charging interface 900 is connected to ground based on the first control signal.
  • the charging interface 900 includes N first pins 9001, where N is a positive integer; all N first pins 9001 of the charging interface 900 are connected to the first input terminal of the comparison circuit.
  • the reference voltage is connected to a second input terminal of the comparison circuit, and the comparison circuit is configured to compare the voltages of the N first pins 9001 and the reference voltage respectively.
  • the output terminal of the comparison circuit 901 if the voltage of at least one first pin 9001 among the N first pins 9001 is higher than the reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison circuit 901 outputs the first voltage; If the voltages of the N first pins 9001 are lower than the reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison circuit 901 outputs a second voltage; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
  • an output terminal of the comparison circuit 901 is connected to a control terminal of the switch circuit, and the conduction state of the switch circuit is controlled by the first control signal; wherein, if the first control signal With a first voltage, the switch circuit 902 is in a conducting state, and the second pin 9002 of the charging interface 900 is connected to ground; if the first control signal has a second voltage, the switch circuit 902 In the off state, the second pin 9002 of the charging interface 900 is not connected to the ground; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
  • the switching circuit 902 is a transistor or a MOS transistor.
  • the reference voltage is less than the voltage of the second pin 9002.
  • the device further includes: a voltage dividing circuit 903; a voltage of the second pin 9002 is connected to an input terminal of the voltage dividing circuit 903, and an output voltage of the voltage dividing circuit 903 is used as the voltage Reference voltage.
  • the first pin 9001 is a signal pin
  • the second pin 9002 is a charging pin
  • the charging interface, the comparison circuit, the switching circuit, and the voltage dividing circuit in the charging device according to the embodiment of the present application can be understood with reference to the specific circuit structures shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7, and are not repeated here.
  • the functions implemented by the charging device shown in FIG. 9 can be understood with reference to the related description of the protection method of the charging interface.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is used to prevent micro-short circuit, short circuit caused by mobile terminal dust and water, and plugging or unplugging the charging interface or other types of charging terminals by the end user to short-circuit the VBUS / VCHG pin to the adjacent signal pin.
  • the charging interface and related circuits on the circuit board are burned out, which protects the mobile terminal and improves the satisfaction of the end user.
  • the disclosed method and smart device may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner such as multiple units or components may be combined, or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed components are coupled, or directly coupled, or communicated with each other through some interfaces.
  • the indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms. of.
  • the units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, which may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units; Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a second processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as a unit, or two or more units may be integrated into a unit;
  • the above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种充电接口的保护方法及充电装置，所述方法包括：比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果获得第一控制信号(101)；基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通(102)。

Description

一种充电接口的保护方法及充电装置
交叉引用
本申请引用于2018年9月4日递交的名称为“一种充电接口的保护方法及充电装置”的第201811028330.6号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及电路保护技术，尤其涉及一种充电接口的保护方法及充电装置。
背景技术
目前，移动终端大多采用通用串行总线(USB，Universal Serial Bus)接口或者TPYE C接口，少数采用非标接口。无论是USB接口还是TPYE C接口，充电引脚(VBUS/VCHG pin)的周边都排布有信号引脚(signal pin)，当移动终端被使用一段时间后，接口会发生进尘现象，甚至是进水现象，很可能会造成VBUS/VCHG pin与相邻的signal pin之间发生微短路或者短路。此外，用户插数据线时也可能会造成VBUS/VCHG pin与相邻的signal pin之间发生短路，造成部分功能失效、甚至移动终端无法再使用，引起移动终端用户的不满或者投诉，这种情况在TPYE C接口更为明显，因为TPYE C接口的pin更多，pin与pin之间的间距更小，相对于常规的USB接口就更容易出现以上情况。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种充电接口的保护方法及充电装置。
本申请实施例提供的充电接口的保护方法，包括：比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果获得第一控制信号；基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通。
本申请实施例提供的充电装置包括：充电接口；比较电路，用于比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果输出第一控制信号；开关电路，用于基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通。
附图说明
附图以示例而非限制的方式大体示出了本文中所讨论的各个实施例。
图1为本申请实施例提供的充电接口的保护方法的流程示意图一；
图2为本申请实施例提供的比较器的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的比较器的工作原理的输出图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的单路比较器与充电接口的连接结构图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的多路比较器与充电接口及三极管的连接结构图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的分压电路的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的分压电路的输出作为比较器的输入的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的充电接口的保护方法的流程示意图二；
图9为本申请实施例提供的充电装置的结构组成示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为便于理解本申请实施例的技术方案，以下对本申请实施例涉及到的相关技术进行说明。
1)USB接口
USB接口的引脚的顺序依次为VBUS/VCHG、D-/DM、D+/DP、ID、GND。
2)简易TPYE C接口(支持USB2.0)
简易TPYE C接口的引脚的顺序依次为GND、VBUS/VCHG、CC2、NC、D+/DP、D-/DM、D+/DP、D-/DM、CC1、NC、VBUS/VCHG、GND。
3)TPYE C接口(支持USB2.0和USB3.0)
TPYE C接口的引脚包括两排，上排引脚的顺序依次为GND、TX1+、TX-、VBUS/VCHG、CC1、D+、D-、SBU1、VBUS/VCHG、RX2-、RX2+、GND，下排引脚的顺序依次为GND、RX1+、RX1-、VBUS/VCHG、SBU2、D-、D+、CC2、VBUS/VCHG、TX2-、TX2+、GND。
从以上接口的排布顺序可以看出无论是USB接口还是TPYE C接口，其VBUS/VCHG引脚周边都有信号引脚。
本申请以下实施例中，第二引脚是指VBUS/VCHG引脚，称为充电引脚。
第一引脚是指VBUS/VCHG引脚周边的信号引脚，以USB接口为例，第一引脚可以是D-/DM、D+/DP等。以简易TPYE C接口为例，第一引脚可以是CC2、NC、D+/DP、D-/DM等。以TPYE C接口为例，第一引脚可以是TX1+、TX-、RX2-、RX2+等。值得注意的是，第一引脚不局限于以上举例，可以将任何易于与VBUS/VCHG引脚发生短路的引脚都作为第一引脚。为避免第一引脚与第二引脚发生短路造成对充电接口的损坏，本申请实施例提出了以下技术方案。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果输出第一控制信号；基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通。采用本申请实施例的技术方案，如果第二引脚与周边的第一引脚发生了短路，第一引脚的电压会高于参考电压，从而触发第一控制信号以实现第二引脚与地接通，第二引脚为充电引脚(VBUS/VCHG pin)，本实施例方案采用纯硬件电路反应更迅速，从而更快的实现了对充电接口的保护，同时也保护了与充电接口连接的相关充电电路。
图1为本申请实施例提供的充电接口的保护方法的流程示意图一，如图1所示，所述充电接口的保护方法包括以下步骤：
步骤101：比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果获得第一控制信号。
本申请实施例中，可以通过比较电路(也称为比较器)来比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，也可以通过检测电路来比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小。
本申请实施例中，所述充电接口包括N个第一引脚，N为正整数。将所 述充电接口的N个第一引脚均连接到比较电路的第一输入端，将所述参考电压连接到所述比较电路的第二输入端，通过所述比较电路对所述N个第一引脚的电压和所述参考电压分别进行比较。
举个例子：N＝1，将1个第一引脚连接到比较电路的第一输入端，将所述参考电压连接到所述比较电路的第二输入端，通过所述比较电路对所述1个第一引脚的电压和所述参考电压进行比较。这里，比较电路可以通过单路比较器来实现。
再举个例子：N＝4，将4个第一引脚连接到比较电路的第一输入端，将所述参考电压连接到所述比较电路的第二输入端，通过所述比较电路对所述4个第一引脚的电压和所述参考电压分别进行比较。这里，比较电路可以通过4路比较器来实现。
本申请实施例中，如果所述N个第一引脚中有至少一个第一引脚的电压高于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路的输出端输出第一电压；如果所述N个第一引脚的电压均低于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路的输出端输出第二电压；其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
参照图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的比较器的示意图，该比较器可以是单路比较器，也可以是多路比较器。其中，比较器的高电平定义为V+，低电平定义为V-，比较器的第一输入端(也即正输入端)定义为Vin+，第二输入端(也即负输入端)定义为Vin-，输出端定义为Vout。
参照图3，图3为本申请实施例提供的比较器的工作原理的输出图，其中，横轴为比较器的第一输入端(也即正输入端)Vin+，竖轴为比较器的输出端Vout，V+和V-分别为比较器的高低电平，图3中V-为0，本实施中使用同 相比较器，Vin-为参考电压，当Vin+大于Vin-之后输出端Vout就变为高电平。
参照图4，图4为本申请实施例提供的单路比较器与充电接口的连接结构图，该比较器的V+接VBUS，V-接地；该比较器的Vin-接VBAT电压信号或者VBUS的分压电路，比较器的Vin+接与VBUS/VCHG相邻的某一信号，图4为signal A；该比较器的输出作为三极管的控制端(也即基极)的输入信号。
步骤102：基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通。
本申请实施例中，将所述比较电路的输出端连接到开关电路的控制端，通过所述第一控制信号控制所述开关电路的导通状态；其中，如果所述第一控制信号具有第一电压，则所述开关电路处于导通状态，所述充电接口的第二引脚与地接通；如果所述第一控制信号具有第二电压，则所述开关电路处于关闭状态，所述充电接口的第二引脚与地未接通；其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
上述方案中，所述开关电路为三极管、或场效应MOS管。
参照图5，图5为本申请实施例提供的多路比较器与充电接口及三极管的连接结构图，其中，A为充电接口(也称为连接器)，充电接口的类型不限，例如可以是SUB接口，也可以是TYPE接口，或者是非标接口。B为比较器，C为三极管。图5以TYPE接口为例，第二引脚的数目为2个，分别对应上排的VBUS，和下排的VBUS。上排的VBUS临近的第一引脚包括signal A、signal B。下排的VBUS临近的第一引脚包括signal C和signal D。
平时，VBUS与signal A和signal B未短路的时候，比较器的输出为低 电平，三极管截至；当VBUS与signal A和/或signal B发生短路或者微短路的时候，比较器的Vin+的输入电压变为VBUS的电压，而VBUS电压大于Vin-电压，此时上述比较器的输出变为高电平，从而控制三极管导通，关闭充电，达到保护充电接口和电路板上相应的电路(包括IC)的目的。上述以上排的引脚为例，下排的引脚与上排的引脚同理。
本申请实施例的上述方案中，所述参考电压小于所述第二引脚的电压。所述参考电压可以是VBAT电压，也可以是VBUS电压的分压，参照图6，图6为本申请实施例提供的分压电路的示意图，其中，VBUS电压通过两个电阻R1和R2接地，Vr输出给比较器的输入端Vin-(参照图7)，R1、R2为K级，具体的值可根据VBUs的电压来调试。
本实施例打破原有的常规设计方案，将USB连接器或者TPYE C连接器或其他连接器处的与VBUS/VCHG pin相邻的信号pin接出到电压比较器，同时再在其中一个VBUS/VCHG pin上与GND之间加一个三极管，以电压比较器的输出变化来控制这个三极管的导通与截至，以此快速关闭充电来保护USB连接器、TPYE连接器或者其他连接器以及电路板上相关电路，最终达到保护移动终端设备的目的。
图8为本申请实施例提供的充电接口的保护方法的流程示意图二，本申请实施例的方法应用于充电接口(也称为连接器)，如USB接口、TPYE C接口等，如图8所示，所述充电接口的保护方法包括以下步骤：
步骤801：将充电接口的与VBUS/VCHG pin相邻的信号pin接出。
这里，若有多个信号pin，这多个信号pin需要全部接出。
步骤802：根据与VBUS/VCHG pin相邻的信号pin的数量选择合适的电 压比较器。
这里，电压比较器可以是单路电压比较器也可以是多路电压比较器，电压比较器的V+接VBUS，V-接地。
步骤803：将步骤801接出的pin信号对应接在单路或者多路电压比较器的Vin+上。
步骤804：将Vbat或者VBUS的分压接在单路或者多路电压比较器的输Vin-上。
步骤805：选择合适的三极管，将比较器输出接入到该三极管的控制端(基极)。
本实施例中可选NPN型三极管。
步骤806：将充电接口上的VBUS/VCHG pin接出，接入到三极管的集电极端上，该三极管的发射极端接地。
步骤807：利用三极管的基极控制集电极和发射极截至或导通，达到保护充电接口及其内部电路的目的。
以下以充电接口进水发生短路和手机电池没电，两种场景介绍本申请实施例的充电接口的保护流程。
场景1：进水导致充电接口短路，参照图2至图5，进水短路也就是signal A和VBUS短接，此时signal A的电压将变为VBUS的电压(VBUS的电压以5V为例)，这时候比较器的Vin+的输入电压也就为5V，Vin-的输入电压为Vbat电压或者为VBUS的分压，这个电压是小于Vin+的电压的，因此比较器的Vout将由低电平变为高电平，去控制三极管的基极变高，使其集电极和发射极导通，VBUS和GND短路，从而启动短路保护，停止充电，达到了保护其充电接口 及其内部电路的目的。
场景2：电池没电(这里指彻底没电为0V)，此时比较器的Vin-只能使用图6和图7所示的VBUS分压，此时***充电器，比较器的Vin-的输入电压将变为VBUS的分压(如4V)，比较器的Vout为低，电路不工作，此时就相当于电池有电的工作场景；当手机接口出现短路或者微短路时，工作流程如以上场景1类似。
场景3：手机关机电路不工作，只有当检测到充电器***时，此时电路开始工作，若无短路发生，比较器的Vin+大于Vin-，比较器的输出一直为低电平，当发生短路时，工作流程如场景1一样，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，只要使用USB接口或者TPYE C类接口或者其他非标接口充电的移动终端，均可以采用本实施例的技术方案。本申请实施例的技术方案，在插充电装置的充电接口时或者充电时，如果VBUS/VCHG pin与其相邻的信号pin发生了短路或者微短路，能立即关闭充电，达到既保护了充电接口本身，还能保护其内部的相关电路的目的，从而达到了保护移动终端的目的。
图9为本申请实施例提供的充电装置的结构组成示意图，如图9所示，所述充电装置包括：充电接口900；比较电路901，用于比较充电接口900的第一引脚9001的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果输出第一控制信号；开关电路902，用于基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口900的第二引脚9002是否与地接通。
在一实施方式中，所述充电接口900包括N个第一引脚9001，N为正整数；所述充电接口900的N个第一引脚9001均连接到所述比较电路的第一输入端，所述参考电压连接到所述比较电路的第二输入端，所述比较电路用于对 所述N个第一引脚9001的电压和所述参考电压分别进行比较。
在一实施方式中，如果所述N个第一引脚9001中有至少一个第一引脚9001的电压高于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路901的输出端输出第一电压；如果所述N个第一引脚9001的电压均低于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路901的输出端输出第二电压；其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
在一实施方式中，所述比较电路901的输出端连接到所述开关电路的控制端，通过所述第一控制信号控制所述开关电路的导通状态；其中，如果所述第一控制信号具有第一电压，则所述开关电路902处于导通状态，所述充电接口900的第二引脚9002与地接通；如果所述第一控制信号具有第二电压，则所述开关电路902处于关闭状态，所述充电接口900的第二引脚9002与地未接通；其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
在一实施方式中，所述开关电路902为三极管、或MOS管。
在一实施方式中，所述参考电压小于所述第二引脚9002的电压。
在一实施方式中，所述装置还包括：分压电路903；所述第二引脚9002的电压连接到所述分压电路903的输入端，所述分压电路903的输出电压作为所述参考电压。
在一实施方式中，所述第一引脚9001属于信号引脚，所述第二引脚9002为充电引脚。
本申请实施例的充电装置中的充电接口、比较电路、开关电路、以及分压电路可以参照图2至图7所示的具体电路结构进行理解，此处不再赘述。图9所示的充电装置实现的功能可参照前述充电接口的保护方法的相关描述而理解。
本申请实施例的技术方案，用于防止移动终端进尘、进水导致的微短路、短路以及终端用户插拔充电接口或其他类型的充电线将VBUS/VCHG pin碰到相邻的信号pin短路导致充电接口及其电路板上的相关电路烧坏的情况，保护了移动终端，提升了终端用户的满意度。
本申请实施例所记载的技术方案之间，在不冲突的情况下，可以任意组合。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的方法和智能设备，可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的设备实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，如：多个单元或组件可以结合，或可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的各组成部分相互之间的耦合、或直接耦合、或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，设备或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性的、机械的或其它形式的。
上述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是、或也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是、或也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，也可以分布到多个网络单元上；可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各实施例中的各功能单元可以全部集成在一个第二处理单元中，也可以是各单元分别单独作为一个单元，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中；上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件功能单元的形式实现。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限 于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种充电接口的保护方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果获得第一控制信号；
    基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充电接口包括N个第一引脚，N为正整数；
    所述比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，包括：
    将所述充电接口的N个第一引脚均连接到比较电路的第一输入端，将所述参考电压连接到所述比较电路的第二输入端，通过所述比较电路对所述N个第一引脚的电压和所述参考电压分别进行比较。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于比较结果输出第一控制信号，包括：
    如果所述N个第一引脚中有至少一个第一引脚的电压高于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路的输出端输出第一电压；
    如果所述N个第一引脚的电压均低于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路的输出端输出第二电压；
    其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通，包括：
    将所述比较电路的输出端连接到开关电路的控制端，通过所述第一控制信号控制所述开关电路的导通状态；其中，
    如果所述第一控制信号具有第一电压，则所述开关电路处于导通状态，所述充电接口的第二引脚与地接通；
    如果所述第一控制信号具有第二电压，则所述开关电路处于关闭状态，所述充电接口的第二引脚与地未接通；
    其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述开关电路为三极管、或场效应MOS管。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述参考电压小于所述第二引脚的电压。
  7. 一种充电装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：充电接口；
    比较电路，用于比较充电接口的第一引脚的电压与参考电压的大小，基于比较结果输出第一控制信号；
    开关电路，用于基于所述第一控制信号，控制所述充电接口的第二引脚是否与地接通。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述充电接口包括N个第一引脚，N为正整数；
    所述充电接口的N个第一引脚均连接到所述比较电路的第一输入端，所述参考电压连接到所述比较电路的第二输入端，所述比较电路用于对所述N个第一引脚的电压和所述参考电压分别进行比较。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，
    如果所述N个第一引脚中有至少一个第一引脚的电压高于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路的输出端输出第一电压；
    如果所述N个第一引脚的电压均低于所述参考电压，则所述比较电路的输出端输出第二电压；
    其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述比较电路的输出端连接到所述开关电路的控制端，通过所述第一控制信号控制所述开关电路的导通状态；其中，
    如果所述第一控制信号具有第一电压，则所述开关电路处于导通状态，所述充电接口的第二引脚与地接通；
    如果所述第一控制信号具有第二电压，则所述开关电路处于关闭状态，所述充电接口的第二引脚与地未接通；
    其中，所述第一电压高于所述第二电压。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述开关电路为三极管、或MOS管。
  12. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述参考电压小于所述第二引脚的电压。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：分压电路；
    所述第二引脚的电压连接到所述分压电路的输入端，所述分压电路的输出电压作为所述参考电压。
  14. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一引脚属于信号引脚，所述第二引脚为充电引脚。
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