WO2020038095A1 - 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法及*** - Google Patents

一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法及*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020038095A1
WO2020038095A1 PCT/CN2019/092635 CN2019092635W WO2020038095A1 WO 2020038095 A1 WO2020038095 A1 WO 2020038095A1 CN 2019092635 W CN2019092635 W CN 2019092635W WO 2020038095 A1 WO2020038095 A1 WO 2020038095A1
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Prior art keywords
user
multimedia file
target transaction
service device
blockchain
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PCT/CN2019/092635
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨新颖
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阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
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Priority to SG11202007258SA priority Critical patent/SG11202007258SA/en
Priority to EP19852993.5A priority patent/EP3734489B1/en
Publication of WO2020038095A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020038095A1/zh
Priority to US16/938,810 priority patent/US20200357005A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0861—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using biometrical features, e.g. fingerprint, retina-scan
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/64—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/23—Updating
    • G06F16/2308—Concurrency control
    • G06F16/2315—Optimistic concurrency control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31—User authentication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N7/00—Computing arrangements based on specific mathematical models
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/018—Certifying business or products
    • G06Q30/0185—Product, service or business identity fraud
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/18—Legal services
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/26—Government or public services
    • G06Q50/265—Personal security, identity or safety
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/16—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
    • G06V40/168—Feature extraction; Face representation
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    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/16—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification techniques
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification techniques
    • G10L17/06—Decision making techniques; Pattern matching strategies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/23—Updating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2111—Location-sensitive, e.g. geographical location, GPS

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present specification relate to the field of information technology, and in particular, to a method and a system for evidence collection based on blockchain certificate.
  • witness testimony in order to prevent the collected testimony from being tampered with before it is submitted to the court, it is usually necessary for the witness to present the testimony in person.
  • a notary may be notarized on the spot by the notary.
  • the embodiments of this specification provide a method and system for evidence collection based on blockchain certificate, and the technical solution is as follows:
  • a method for evidence collection based on blockchain certificate including:
  • the user equipment receives the evidence collection instruction input by the user through the target account; the target account is pre-registered on the business device;
  • the user equipment In response to the evidence collection instruction, the user equipment records a behavior and / or voice of the user into a multimedia file;
  • the user equipment sends the multimedia file to the service device;
  • the service device is any node in a blockchain network;
  • the service device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file, and broadcasts the target transaction to a blockchain network;
  • Each node in the blockchain network releases the target transaction to the blockchain based on a consensus mechanism.
  • a evidence collection system based on a blockchain certificate includes a blockchain network and user equipment, and any node in the blockchain network is a business device;
  • the user equipment receives a evidence collection instruction input by a user through a target account, the target account is pre-registered on a business device; and responding to the evidence collection instruction, recording the user's behavior and / or voice into multimedia A file; sending the multimedia file to the service device;
  • the service device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file, and broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network;
  • Each node in the blockchain network publishes the target transaction to the blockchain based on a consensus mechanism.
  • a user can operate a user device to record his / her behavior and / or voice into a multimedia file. Then, the user device sends the multimedia file to the service device, and the service The device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file, broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network, and each node in the blockchain network releases the target transaction to the blockchain based on a consensus mechanism. In this way, multi-party certification of the multimedia file is achieved.
  • the parties do not need to rely on an authority (such as a court or a notary office) to collect evidence (ie, multimedia files) by recording their actions and / or voices anytime, anywhere, and the collected evidence will Deposited by the blockchain network makes the collected evidence difficult to tamper with, can be recognized by authoritative institutions, and has legal effect.
  • an authority such as a court or a notary office
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based evidence collection method provided by an embodiment of this specification
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based evidence collection system provided by an embodiment of this specification.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based evidence collection device provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another blockchain-based evidence collection device provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for configuring a method according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based evidence collection method provided by an embodiment of this specification, including the following steps:
  • S100 The user equipment receives a evidence collection instruction input by the user.
  • S102 The user equipment records the behavior and / or voice of the user into a multimedia file in response to the evidence collection instruction.
  • the user refers to the above-mentioned parties.
  • the user can use the methods provided in the embodiments of this specification to make a true meaning expression and form evidence (that is, a multimedia file).
  • the formed evidence will be stored by the blockchain and is non-tamperable.
  • the user equipment is the user's equipment, and may specifically be a mobile phone, a computer, or other equipment. It should be noted that the user equipment generally has a data processing function, a communication function, and a multimedia information collection function. Among them, the user equipment multimedia information collection function is embodied in that the user equipment has a camera, a recorder and other components.
  • the user equipment may receive the evidence collection instruction input by the user through the target account.
  • the target account is pre-registered on the service device.
  • the target account is not necessarily registered by the user on a business device in advance, that is, the user is not necessarily the owner of the target account.
  • the user equipment may, according to the authentication information corresponding to the target account, authenticate and authenticate the user, and record the user's behavior and / or voice into a multimedia file. .
  • the identity verification information may be a password set in advance by the owner of the target account, a face feature provided in advance, a voiceprint feature, and the like.
  • the multimedia file may specifically be any one of an audio file, a video file, a text file, and an image file (such as a picture, a dynamic picture GIF, etc.).
  • the user equipment may directly record the voice information of the user into an audio file.
  • the user equipment may first collect voice information of the user, and then convert the voice information into a text file.
  • the user equipment may also detect a recording site to obtain recording site parameters before performing recording.
  • the recording scene parameters include at least one of scene location information, scene environment information, voice characteristics of the user, and expression characteristics of the user.
  • the site location information may be the location coordinates of the site where the user indicates meaning
  • the site environment information may be information such as the brightness of the site, the space size of the site, and the like
  • the voice characteristics of the user may be The features of the user's intonation, speech speed, sound decibels, and the like
  • the user's facial expression characteristics may be images obtained by shooting the facial expression of the user.
  • the user equipment may send the recorded field parameters to the service device, and the service device analyzes the recorded field parameters, and then, based on the analysis result, it is used to characterize the user in a coerced state.
  • the probabilistic characterization of the likelihood is positively related to the possibility that the user is in a stress state.
  • the business device may compare the location information of the device where the target account logs in daily with the location information of the recording site. If they are not consistent, it means that the currently logged in position of the target account is abnormal, and the user may be coerced to A strange place, or the target account is not logged in by the owner himself.
  • the business equipment may analyze whether the recording site is a living room, basement or warehouse according to the brightness and space size of the recording site. If it is not a living room, the user may be coerced.
  • the service device may analyze whether the voice of the user is stable according to characteristics of the user's intonation, speed of speech, and decibels of the sound. If the user is coerced, their sound is usually unstable.
  • the service device may analyze an expression of the user according to an image of the user, and determine whether the emotion of the user is tense. If the user is emotionally nervous, he may be coerced and unable to make a true meaning expression.
  • the service device can determine whether the stressful characteristic value is less than a specified threshold (that is, determine whether the stressful characteristic value is low). If so, the user is described. The possibility of being coerced is unlikely, and in this case the true expression of intention can be made. Therefore, the service device may now notify the user equipment to record the behavior and / or voice of the user as a multimedia file.
  • S104 The user equipment sends the multimedia file to the service device.
  • the service device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file, and broadcasts the target transaction to a blockchain network.
  • the user equipment After the user equipment obtains the multimedia file, it also collects evidence that takes the user's true meaning as an essential element, and can send the multimedia file to the service device.
  • the business device is also a node in the blockchain network
  • the business device can construct a target transaction based on the multimedia file, and broadcast the target transaction to the blockchain network, so that the blockchain network
  • Each node in the publishes the target transaction to the blockchain based on a consensus mechanism.
  • the multimedia file has been stored in the blockchain and it is difficult to be tampered with.
  • the transaction described in this specification refers to a piece of data created by the user through the client of the blockchain and needs to be finally released to the distributed database of the blockchain.
  • a narrow transaction refers to a value transfer issued by a user to the blockchain; for example, in a traditional Bitcoin blockchain network, a transaction can be a transfer initiated by a user in the blockchain.
  • the generalized transaction refers to a piece of business data with business intent issued by the user to the blockchain; for example, the operator can build an alliance chain based on actual business needs, and rely on the alliance chain to deploy other types that are not related to value transfer.
  • Online business (such as renting business, vehicle scheduling business, insurance claims business, credit services, medical services, etc.), and in this type of alliance chain, the transaction can be a business with a business intent issued by the user in the alliance chain Message or business request.
  • the manner in which the service device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file may be to construct a target transaction including the multimedia file.
  • the multimedia file itself will be stored in the blockchain, which requires higher storage capacity of the nodes in the blockchain network.
  • the manner in which the service device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file may also be, on the one hand, the service device stores the multimedia file, which may specifically store the multimedia file locally or in the cloud; another In one aspect, the service device may determine a target hash corresponding to the multimedia file by using a hash algorithm according to the multimedia file, and then construct a target transaction including the target hash.
  • the target hash is actually a string of characters, occupying a small amount of storage space. Storing the target hash into the blockchain does not require high storage capacity of the nodes in the blockchain network.
  • storing the target hash in a blockchain is also equivalent to implementing multi-party storage of the multimedia file.
  • the service device may directly adopt a hash algorithm to calculate a hash value of the multimedia file as the target hash.
  • the service device may also take the multimedia file and the storage location information of the multimedia file as input of a hash algorithm, and use a hash algorithm to calculate and obtain a target hash corresponding to the multimedia file.
  • the user can operate the user equipment to record his behavior and / or voice into a multimedia file. Subsequently, the user equipment sends the multimedia file to the service device, and the service device is based on The multimedia file constructs a target transaction, broadcasts the target transaction to a blockchain network, and each node in the blockchain network releases the target transaction to the blockchain based on a consensus mechanism. In this way, multi-party certification of the multimedia file is achieved.
  • the parties do not need to rely on an authority (such as a court or a notary office) to collect evidence (ie, multimedia files) by recording their actions and / or voices anytime, anywhere, and the collected evidence will Deposited by the blockchain network makes the collected evidence difficult to tamper with, can be recognized by authoritative institutions, and has legal effect.
  • an authority such as a court or a notary office
  • the user may not be the owner of the target account. Therefore, the intention expression made by the user through the target account cannot represent the will of the owner of the target account.
  • the producer of the recorded behavior and / or voice of the multimedia file may be identified to determine whether the person is the owner of the target account.
  • the service device may obtain in advance facial features (which may be facial features, iris features, and the like) and voiceprint features of the owner of the target account, as the trusted facial features and trusted features corresponding to the target account.
  • Voiceprint features Before the business device broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network, when the multimedia file is an audio file, the business device extracts the voiceprint characteristics of the user from the multimedia file, and The voiceprint feature is compared with the trusted voiceprint feature. If they are consistent, the consistent result is written into the target transaction. If they are not consistent, the inconsistent result is written into the target transaction.
  • the service device extracts the facial features of the user from the multimedia file, compares the extracted facial features with the trusted facial features, and if they are consistent, writes the consistent results into the If the target transaction is inconsistent, write the inconsistent result into the target transaction;
  • the multimedia file is an audio and video file
  • the service device extracts the voiceprint feature and facial feature of the user from the multimedia file , Comparing the extracted voiceprint features with the trusted voiceprint features, comparing the extracted facial features with the trusted facial features, if extracted The voiceprint features are consistent with the trusted voiceprint features, and the extracted facial features are consistent with the trusted facial features, then the consistent result is written into the target transaction. If the extracted voiceprint features are consistent with the trusted The voiceprint features are not consistent, or the extracted facial features are not consistent with the trusted facial features, then the inconsistent results are written into the target transaction.
  • the multimedia file does not represent The will of the owner of the target account. Even if the multimedia file is stored in the blockchain, it cannot be said that the multimedia file is an evidence that the meaning of the owner of the target account is an essential element. Based on this, information (consistent results or inconsistent results) of whether the multimedia file represents the will of the owner of the target account is also written into the target transaction, and then stored in the blockchain for publicity.
  • the business device may query the user ’s identity information based on the extracted voiceprint features and / or facial features of the user, and then write the user ’s identity information.
  • the user's identity information is written into the target transaction. This means that if the multimedia file is not generated by the owner of the target account, it means that the evidence of the multimedia file is forged, and the identity information of the forger of the evidence will also be stored in the block. Public announcement.
  • the credit evaluation of the forger of the evidence will be adversely affected. For example, suppose that there is a system for credit evaluation of each user based on blockchain technology, and the credit score corresponding to each user will be publicized on the blockchain. Then, the credit points of the forger of the evidence can be deducted, and the deduction record can be stored in the blockchain for publicity.
  • the business device may write a current time stamp to the target transaction.
  • the time when the multimedia file is stored on the blockchain is difficult to be tampered with.
  • the testator may make too many wills before his death, and accordingly, multiple multimedia files are generated.
  • the method shown in Fig. 1 is documented by the blockchain. Then, according to the inheritance law, the last will made by the testator is valid. Therefore, you can query the blockchain to determine the time stamp corresponding to each multimedia file generated by the testator, and determine the latest multimedia file as the will. A person's latest will, that is, a valid will.
  • FIG. 2 is a block chain-based evidence collection system provided by an embodiment of the present specification, which includes a block chain network and user equipment, and any node in the block chain network is a business device;
  • the user equipment receives a evidence collection instruction input by the user; responds to the evidence collection instruction, records a behavior and / or voice of the user into a multimedia file; and sends the multimedia file to the service device;
  • the service device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file, and broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network;
  • Each node in the blockchain network publishes the target transaction to the blockchain based on a consensus mechanism.
  • the solid point is the business device, which is a node in the blockchain network.
  • the hollow points are other nodes in the blockchain network other than the business equipment.
  • the embodiment of this specification also provides a collection device based on the blockchain certificate.
  • the business equipment is a blockchain network. Any one of the nodes, the device includes:
  • a receiving module 301 receiving an evidence collection instruction input by a user
  • a recording module 302 in response to the evidence collection instruction, recording a behavior and / or voice of the user into a multimedia file;
  • the sending module 303 sends the multimedia file to the service device, so that the service device constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file, and broadcasts the target transaction to a blockchain network, so that the zone Each node in the blockchain network releases the target transaction to the blockchain based on a consensus mechanism.
  • the embodiment of this specification also correspondingly provides a collection device based on the blockchain certificate, as shown in FIG. 4, the device is a blockchain Any node in the network, the device includes:
  • the receiving module 401 receives a multimedia file sent by a user equipment.
  • the multimedia file is that the user equipment receives the evidence collection instruction input by the user, and responds to the evidence collection instruction to perform the behavior and / or voice of the user. Recorded
  • the processing module 402 constructs a target transaction based on the multimedia file, and broadcasts the target transaction to a blockchain network, so that each node in the blockchain network releases the target transaction to a consensus mechanism based on the consensus mechanism.
  • Blockchain
  • An embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer device including at least a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the user equipment or the service when the program is executed. Function of the device.
  • FIG. 5 shows a more specific schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computing device provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the device may include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050.
  • the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 implement a communication connection within the device through a bus 1050.
  • the processor 1010 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, etc., for performing related operations. Program to implement the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification.
  • a general-purpose CPU Central Processing Unit
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the memory 1020 can be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage devices, dynamic storage devices, and the like.
  • the memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs.
  • related program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and are called and executed by the processor 1010.
  • the input / output interface 1030 is used to connect an input / output module to implement information input and output.
  • the input / output / module can be configured in the device as a component (not shown in the figure), or it can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions.
  • the input device may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc.
  • the output device may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, and an indicator light.
  • the communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to implement communication interaction between the device and other devices.
  • the communication module can implement communication through a wired method (such as USB, network cable, etc.), and can also implement communication through a wireless method (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).
  • the bus 1050 includes a path for transmitting information between various components of the device (for example, the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040).
  • the device may further include necessary Other components.
  • the foregoing device may also include only components necessary to implement the solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the drawings.
  • An embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the functions of the user equipment or the service equipment are implemented.
  • Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-persistent, removable and non-removable media.
  • Information can be stored by any method or technology.
  • Information may be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), and read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, read-only disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cartridges, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media may be used to store information that can be accessed by computing devices.
  • computer-readable media does not include temporary computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
  • the embodiments of the present specification can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary universal hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present specification may be embodied in the form of software products that are essentially or contribute to the existing technology.
  • the computer software product may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, Magnetic disks, optical disks, and the like include a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments or portions of the embodiments of this specification.
  • the system, method, module, or unit described in the foregoing embodiments may be specifically implemented by a computer chip or entity or a product with a certain function.
  • a typical implementation device is a computer, and the specific form of the computer may be a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email sending and receiving device, and a game control Desk, tablet computer, wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
  • each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
  • the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant parts, refer to the description of the method embodiments.
  • the method embodiments described above are only schematic, and the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. When implementing the solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module may be the same. Or multiple software and / or hardware. Some or all of the modules may also be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without creative efforts.

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Abstract

公开了一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法及***。用户(当事人)可以操作用户设备，将自己的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件，随后，用户设备会将所述多媒体文件发送给业务设备，进而由业务设备基于所述多媒体文件构建目标交易，将目标交易广播至区块链网络，由区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将目标交易发布至区块链。如此，就实现了所述多媒体文件的多方存证。

Description

一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法及*** 技术领域
本说明书实施例涉及信息技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法及***。
背景技术
在司法实践中，对于有些以当事人的真实意思表示为必备要素的证据(如证人证言、遗嘱等)，为了使得这些证据获得确定的法律效力，有时会由权威机构(如法院、***等)现场采集这些证据。
例如，对于证人证言，为了防止采集的证言在提交给法庭之前被篡改，通常需要证人亲自出庭陈述证言。
又如，对于遗嘱，为了防止遗嘱人作出的遗嘱在提交给法庭之前被篡改，从而无法反映遗嘱人的真实意思，可以由公证人员现场对遗嘱人作出的遗嘱进行公证。
基于此，需要一种对当事人而言更为便利的证据采集方法。
发明内容
为了解决现有的证据采集方式对当事人而言不够便利的问题，本说明书实施例提供一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法及***，技术方案如下：
根据本说明书实施例的第1方面，提供一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法，包括：
用户设备接收用户通过目标账号输入的证据采集指令；所述目标账号是在业务设备上预先注册的；
所述用户设备响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件；
所述用户设备将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备；所述业务设备为区块链网络中的任一节点；
所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络；
所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
根据本说明书实施例的第2方面，一种基于区块链存证的证据采集***，包括区块链网络和用户设备，所述区块链网络中的任一节点为业务设备；
所述用户设备，接收用户通过目标账号输入的证据采集指令，所述目标账号是在业务设备上预先注册的；响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件；将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备；
所述业务设备，基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至所述区块链网络；
所述区块链网络中的各节点，基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案，用户(当事人)可以操作用户设备，将自己的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件，随后，用户设备会将所述多媒体文件发送给业务设备，进而由业务设备基于所述多媒体文件构建目标交易，将目标交易广播至区块链网络，由区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将目标交易发布至区块链。如此，就实现了所述多媒体文件的多方存证。通过本说明书实施例，当事人不必依赖权威机构(如法庭、***)，就可以随时随地通过对自己的行为和/或语音进行录制的方式采集证据(即多媒体文件)，并且，采集的证据会被区块链网络存证，使得采集的证据难以被篡改，能够得到权威机构的认可，具有法律效力。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本说明书实施例。
此外，本说明书实施例中的任一实施例并不需要达到上述的全部效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法的流程示意图；
图2是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链存证的证据采集***的结构示意图；
图3是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链存证的证据采集装置的结构示意图；
图4是本说明书实施例提供的另一种基于区块链存证的证据采集装置的结构示意图；
图5是用于配置本说明书实施例方法的一种计算机设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本说明书实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本说明书实施例中的附图，对本说明书实施例中的技术方案进行详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本说明书的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本说明书中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于保护的范围。
以下结合附图，详细说明本说明书各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法的流程示意图，包括以下步骤：
S100：用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令。
S102：所述用户设备响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件。
如背景技术所述，在司法实践中，对于有些以当事人的真实意思表示为必备要素的证据(如证人证言、遗嘱等)，为了使得这些证据获得确定的法律效力，有时会由权威机构(如法院、***等)现场采集这些证据。
在本说明书实施例中，用户是指上述的当事人。用户可以通过本说明书实施例提供的方法，进行真实意思表示，形成证据(即多媒体文件)，并且，形成的证据会被区块链存证，具有不可篡改性。
所述用户设备是所述用户的设备，具体可以是手机、电脑或其他设备。需要说明的是，所述用户设备一般具有数据处理功能、通信功能以及多媒体信息采集功能的设备。其中，用户设备多媒体信息采集功能体现为用户设备具有摄像头、录音器等元件。
在本说明书实施例中，用户当需要进行真实意思表示时，可以向用户设备输入证据采集指令，以触发用户设备进行证据采集。
进一步地，用户设备可以接收用户通过目标账号输入的证据采集指令。其中，所述目标账号是在业务设备上预先注册的。
此处需要说明的是，所述目标账号不一定是所述用户预先在业务设备上注册的，也就是说，所述用户不一定是所述目标账号的拥有者。基于此，在步骤S102中，所述用户设备可以根据所述目标账号对应的身份验证信息，对所述用户进行身份验证并验证通过后，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件。
其中，所述身份验证信息可以是所述目标账号的拥有者预先设置的密码、预先提供的人脸特征、声纹特征等。
在本说明书实施例中，所述多媒体文件具体可以是音频文件、视频文件、文本文件、图像文件(如图片、动态图片GIF等)中的任一种。
例如，所述用户设备可以直接将所述用户的语音信息录制成音频文件。又如，所述用户设备可以先采集所述用户的语音信息，再将所述语音信息转换成文本文件。
此外，在步骤S102中，所述用户设备还可以在进行录制之前，先对录制现场进行检测，得到录制现场参数。其中，所述录制现场参数包括现场位置信息、现场环境信息、所述用户的语音特征、所述用户的表情特征中的至少一种。
需要说明的是，所述现场位置信息可以是所述用户进行意思表示的现场的位置坐标，所述现场环境信息可以是现场的亮度、现场的空间大小等信息，所述用户的语音特征可以是用户的语调、语速、声音分贝等特征，所述用户的表情特征可以是对用户的表情进行拍摄得到的图像。
随后，所述用户设备可以将所述录制现场参数发送给所述业务设备，由所述业务设备对所述录制现场参数进行分析，进而根据分析结果，得到用于表征所述用户处于被胁迫状态的可能性的胁迫性表征值。其中，所述胁迫性表征值与所述用户处于被胁迫状态的可能性正相关。
对本领域技术人员而言，很容易想到多种方式，根据所述录制现场参数，分析出所述用户被胁迫的可能性。以下试举几例。
例如，所述业务设备可以将所述目标账号日常登录的设备的位置信息与录制现场的位置信息进行比较，如果不一致，则说明所述目标账号当前登录的位置异常，所述用户可能被胁迫至陌生地点，或者，所述目标账号不是被拥有者本人登录的。
例如，所述业务设备可以根据录制现场的亮度、空间大小，分析出录制现场是居室、地下室或仓库，如果不是居室，则说明所述用户可能被胁迫。
例如，所述业务设备可以根据所述用户的语调、语速、声音的分贝等特征，分析出所述用户的声音是否稳定。如果用户被胁迫，其声音通常是不稳定的。
例如，所述业务设备可以根据所述用户的图像，分析所述用户的表情，判断所述用户情绪是否紧张。如果所述用户情绪紧张，则可能被胁迫，不能做出真实意思表示。
总之，所述业务设备在得到所述胁迫性表征值之后，可以判断所述胁迫性表征值是否小于指定阈值(即判断所述胁迫性表征值是否较低)，如果是，就说明所述用户被胁迫的可能性不大，可以在这种情况下对作出真实意思表示。于是，所述业务设备此时可以通知所述用户设备将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件。
S104：所述用户设备将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备。
S106：所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络。
所述用户设备在得到所述多媒体文件之后，也就采集到了以所述用户的真实意思表示为必备要素的证据，可以将所述多媒体文件发送给业务设备。
由于所述业务设备同时也是区块链网络中的一个节点，因此，所述业务设备可以基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，将目标交易广播至区块链网络，使得所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。至此，所述多媒体文件就被区块链存证了，也就难以被篡改。
需要说明的是，在本说明书中所描述的交易(transfer)，是指用户通过区块链的客户端创建，并需要最终发布至区块链的分布式数据库中的一笔数据。
其中，区块链中的交易，存在狭义的交易以及广义的交易之分。狭义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔价值转移；例如，在传统的比特币区块链网络中，交易可以是用户在区块链中发起的一笔转账。而广义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务数据；例如，运营方可以基于实际的业务需求搭建一个联盟链，依托于联盟链部署一些与价值转移无关的其它类型的在线业务(比如，租房业务、车辆调度业务、保险理赔业务、信用服务、医疗服务等)，而在这类联盟链中，交易可以是用户在联盟链中发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务消息或者业务请求。
在本说明书实施例中，所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件构建目标交易的方式可以是，构建包含所述多媒体文件的目标交易。这种情况下，所述多媒体文件本身会被存入区块链，这对区块链网络中的节点的存储能力较高要求。
此外，所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件构建目标交易的方式也可以是，一方面，所述业务设备存储所述多媒体文件，具体可以是将所述多媒体文件存入本地或存入云端；另一方面，所述业务设备可以根据所述多媒体文件，采用哈希算法，确定所述多媒体文件对应的目标哈希，再构建包含所述目标哈希的目标交易。目标哈希实际上是一段字符串，所占的存储空间很小，将所述目标哈希存入区块链，对区块链网络中的节点的存储能力要求不高。并且，由于所述多媒体文件是否被修改可以通过所述目标哈希检测出来，因此，将所述目标哈希存入区块链，也相当于实现了所述多媒体文件的多方存证。
进一步地，所述业务设备可以直接采用哈希算法，计算所述多媒体文件的哈希值，作为所述目标哈希。所述业务设备也可以以所述多媒体文件和所述多媒体文件的存储位置信息为哈希算法的输入，采用哈希算法计算得到所述多媒体文件对应的目标哈希。
通过图1所示的方法，用户(当事人)可以操作用户设备，将自己的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件，随后，用户设备会将所述多媒体文件发送给业务设备，进而由业务设备基于所述多媒体文件构建目标交易，将目标交易广播至区块链网络，由区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将目标交易发布至区块链。如此，就实现了所述多媒体文件的多方存证。通过本说明书实施例，当事人不必依赖权威机构(如法庭、***)，就可以随时随地通过对自己的行为和/或语音进行录制的方式采集证据(即多媒体文件)，并且，采集的证据会被区块链网络存证，使得采集的证据难以被篡改，能够得到权威机构的认可，具有法律效力。
此外，实践中，所述用户可能不是所述目标账号的拥有者，因此，所述用户通过所述目标账户作出的意思表示，并不能代表所述目标账号的拥有者的意志。
为此，在本说明书实施例中，可以对所述多媒体文件记录的行为和/或语音的产生者进行识别，以判断这个人是否为所述目标账号的拥有者本人。
具体地，所述业务设备可以预先获取所述目标账号的拥有者的面部特征(可以是人脸特征、虹膜特征等)和声纹特征，作为所述目标账号对应的可信面部特征和可信声纹特征。在所述业务设备将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络之前，当所述多媒体文件为音频文件时，所述业务设备从所述多媒体文件中提取所述用户的声纹特征，将提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征进行比对，若一致，则将一致结果写入所述目标交易，若不一致，则将不一致结果写入所述目标交易；当所述多媒体文件为视频文件或图像文件时，所述业务设备从所述多媒体文件中提取所述用户的面部特征，将提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征进行比对，若一致，则将一致结果写入所述目标交易，若不一致，则将不 一致结果写入所述目标交易；当所述多媒体文件为音视频文件时，所述业务设备从所述多媒体文件中提取所述用户的声纹特征与面部特征，将提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征进行比对，将提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征进行比对，若提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征一致，且提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征一致，则将一致结果写入所述目标交易，若提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征不一致，或提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征不一致，则将不一致结果写入所述目标交易。
也就是说，从所述多媒体文件中提取的面部特征和/或声纹特征如果与所述目标账号的拥有者的面部特征和/或声纹特征不一致，就说明所述多媒体文件并不代表所述目标账号的拥有者本人的意志。哪怕所述多媒体文件被区块链存证，也不能说明所述多媒体文件是以所述目标账号的拥有者的意思表示为必备要素的证据。基于此，将所述多媒体文件是否代表所述目标账号的拥有者的意志的信息(一致结果或不一致结果)也写入所述目标交易，进而存入区块链进行公示。
进一步地，所述业务设备若将不一致结果写入所述目标交易，则可以根据提取的所述用户的声纹特征和/或面部特征，查询得到所述用户的身份信息，然后再将所述用户的身份信息写入所述目标交易。这意味着，若所述多媒体文件不是所述目标账号的拥有者本人产生的，则意味着所述多媒体文件这一证据是伪造的，而证据的伪造者的身份信息也会被存入区块链进行公示。
更进一步地，证据的伪造者的信用评价也会受到不良影响。例如，假设存在一个基于区块链技术对每个用户进行信用评价的***，每个用户对应的信用分都会被公示于区块链。那么，可以对证据的伪造者的信用分进行扣减，扣减记录可以存入区块链进行公示。
此外，在本说明实施例中，在所述业务设备将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络之前，所述业务设备可以将当前时间的时间戳写入所述目标交易。如此，多媒体文件被区块链存证的时间也难以被篡改，在有些场景下，比如遗嘱场景，遗嘱人可能在临终前作出过多份遗嘱，相应的产生了多个多媒体文件，都通过图1所示的方法，由区块链进行了存证。那么，按照继承法规定，遗嘱人作出的最后一个遗嘱才是有效的，因此，可以查询区块链，确定遗嘱人产生的每个多媒体文件对应的时间戳，将时间最新的多媒体文件确定为遗嘱人最新作出的遗嘱，即有效遗嘱。
图2是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链存证的证据采集***，包括区块链网络和用户设备，所述区块链网络中的任一节点为业务设备；
所述用户设备，接收用户输入的证据采集指令；响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件；将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备；
所述业务设备，基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至所述区块链网络；
所述区块链网络中的各节点，基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
如图2所示，实心点是所述业务设备，其是区块链网络中的一个节点。空心点是所述区块链网络中除所述业务设备之外的其他节点。
基于图1所示的基于区块链存证的证据采集方法，本说明书实施例还对应提供了一种基于区块链存证的采集装置，如图3所示，业务设备为区块链网络中的任一节点，所述装置包括：
接收模块301，接收用户输入的证据采集指令；
录制模块302，响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件；
发送模块303，将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备，以使所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络，进而使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
基于图1所示的基于区块链存证的证据采集方法，本说明书实施例还对应提供了一种基于区块链存证的采集装置，如图4所示，所述装置为区块链网络中的任一节点，所述装置包括：
接收模块401，接收用户设备发送的多媒体文件；所述多媒体文件，是所述用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令后，响应于所述证据采集指令，对所述用户的行为和/或语音进行录制得到的；
处理模块402，基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
本说明书实施例还提供一种计算机设备，其至少包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，处理器执行所述程序时实现上述用户设备或上述业务设备的功能。
图5示出了本说明书实施例所提供的一种更为具体的计算设备硬件结构示意图，该设备可以包括：处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040和总线1050。其中处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040通过总线1050实现彼此之间在设备内部的通信连接。
处理器1010可以采用通用的CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)、微处理器、应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、或者一个或多个集成电路等方式实现，用于执行相关程序，以实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案。
存储器1020可以采用ROM(Read Only Memory，只读存储器)、RAM(Random Access Memory，随机存取存储器)、静态存储设备，动态存储设备等形式实现。存储器1020可以存储操作***和其他应用程序，在通过软件或者固件来实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案时，相关的程序代码保存在存储器1020中，并由处理器1010来调用执行。
输入/输出接口1030用于连接输入/输出模块，以实现信息输入及输出。输入输出/模块可以作为组件配置在设备中(图中未示出)，也可以外接于设备以提供相应功能。其中输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏、麦克风、各类传感器等，输出设备可以包括显示器、扬声器、振动器、指示灯等。
通信接口1040用于连接通信模块(图中未示出)，以实现本设备与其他设备的通信交互。其中通信模块可以通过有线方式(例如USB、网线等)实现通信，也可以通过无线方式(例如移动网络、WIFI、蓝牙等)实现通信。
总线1050包括一通路，在设备的各个组件(例如处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040)之间传输信息。
需要说明的是，尽管上述设备仅示出了处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040以及总线1050，但是在具体实施过程中，该设备还可以包括实现正常运行所必需的其他组件。此外，本领域的技术人员可以理解的是，上述设备中也可以仅包含实现本说明书实施例方案所必需的组件，而不必包含图中所示的全部组件。
本说明书实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现上述用户设备或上述业务设备的功能。
计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序的模块或其他数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括，但不限于相变内存(PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器 (SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带，磁带磁磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质，可用于存储可以被计算设备访问的信息。按照本文中的界定，计算机可读介质不包括暂存电脑可读媒体(transitory media)，如调制的数据信号和载波。
通过以上的实施方式的描述可知，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本说明书实施例可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现。基于这样的理解，本说明书实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本说明书实施例各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
上述实施例阐明的***、方法、模块或单元，具体可以由计算机芯片或实体实现，或者由具有某种功能的产品来实现。一种典型的实现设备为计算机，计算机的具体形式可以是个人计算机、膝上型计算机、蜂窝电话、相机电话、智能电话、个人数字助理、媒体播放器、导航设备、电子邮件收发设备、游戏控制台、平板计算机、可穿戴设备或者这些设备中的任意几种设备的组合。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于装置和设备实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的方法实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，在实施本说明书实施例方案时可以把各模块的功能在同一个或多个软件和/或硬件中实现。也可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
以上所述仅是本说明书实施例的具体实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本说明书实施例原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本说明书实施例的保护范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法，包括：
    用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令；
    所述用户设备响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件；
    所述用户设备将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备；所述业务设备为区块链网络中的任一节点；
    所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述多媒体文件，具体包括：
    音频文件、视频文件、文本文件、图像文件中的任一种。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令，具体包括：
    用户设备接收用户通过目标账号输入的证据采集指令；所述目标账号是在业务设备上预先注册的；
    所述用户设备将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件，具体包括：
    所述用户设备根据所述目标账号对应的身份验证信息，对所述用户进行身份验证并验证通过后，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述用户设备将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件，具体包括：
    所述用户设备对录制现场进行检测，得到录制现场参数；
    所述用户设备将所述录制现场参数发送给所述业务设备；
    所述业务设备根据所述录制现场参数，确定胁迫性表征值；所述胁迫性表征值用于表征所述用户处于被胁迫状态的可能性，所述胁迫性表征值与所述用户处于被胁迫状态的可能性正相关；
    所述业务设备判断所述胁迫性表征值是否小于指定阈值；
    若是，则所述业务设备通知所述用户设备将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，所述录制现场参数包括现场位置信息、现场环境信息、所述用户的语音特征、所述用户的表情特征中的至少一种。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，具体包括：
    所述业务设备构建包含所述多媒体文件的目标交易。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，具体包括：
    所述业务设备存储所述多媒体文件，以及根据所述多媒体文件，采用哈希算法，确定所述多媒体文件对应的目标哈希；
    所述业务设备构建包含所述目标哈希的目标交易。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，所述业务设备根据所述多媒体文件，采用哈希算法，确定所述多媒体文件对应的目标哈希，具体包括：
    所述业务设备以所述多媒体文件和所述多媒体文件的存储位置信息为哈希算法的输入，采用哈希算法计算得到所述多媒体文件对应的目标哈希。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的方法，用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令，具体包括：
    用户设备接收用户通过目标账号输入的证据采集指令；所述目标账号是在业务设备上预先注册的；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述业务设备预先获取所述目标账号的拥有者的面部特征和声纹特征，作为所述目标账号对应的可信面部特征和可信声纹特征；
    在所述业务设备将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络之前，所述方法还包括：
    当所述多媒体文件为音频文件时，所述业务设备从所述多媒体文件中提取所述用户的声纹特征，将提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征进行比对，若一致，则将一致结果写入所述目标交易，若不一致，则将不一致结果写入所述目标交易；
    当所述多媒体文件为视频文件或图像文件时，所述业务设备从所述多媒体文件中提取所述用户的面部特征，将提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征进行比对，若一致，则将一致结果写入所述目标交易，若不一致，则将不一致结果写入所述目标交易；
    当所述多媒体文件为音视频文件时，所述业务设备从所述多媒体文件中提取所述用户的声纹特征与面部特征，将提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征进行比对，将提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征进行比对，若提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征一致，且提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征一致，则将一致结果写入所述目标交易，若提取的声纹特征与所述可信声纹特征不一致，或提取的面部特征与所述可信面部特征不一致，则将不一致结果写入所述目标交易。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，在所述业务设备将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述业务设备若将不一致结果写入所述目标交易，则根据提取的所述用户的声纹特征和/或面部特征，查询得到所述用户的身份信息；
    所述业务设备将所述用户的身份信息写入所述目标交易。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的方法，在所述业务设备将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述业务设备将当前时间的时间戳写入所述目标交易。
  12. 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法，业务设备为区块链网络中的任一节点，所述方法包括：
    用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令；
    响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件；
    将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备，以使所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络，进而使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
  13. 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法，业务设备为区块链网络中的任一节点，所述方法包括：
    业务设备接收用户设备发送的多媒体文件；所述多媒体文件，是所述用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令后，响应于所述证据采集指令，对所述用户的行为和/或语音进行录制得到的；
    基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
  14. 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集***，包括区块链网络和用户设备，所述区块链网络中的任一节点为业务设备；
    所述用户设备，接收用户输入的证据采集指令；响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文件；将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备；
    所述业务设备，基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至所述区块链网络；
    所述区块链网络中的各节点，基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
  15. 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集装置，业务设备为区块链网络中的任一节点，所述装置包括：
    接收模块，接收用户输入的证据采集指令；
    录制模块，响应于所述证据采集指令，将所述用户的行为和/或语音录制成多媒体文 件；
    发送模块，将所述多媒体文件发送给所述业务设备，以使所述业务设备基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络，进而使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
  16. 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集装置，所述装置为区块链网络中的任一节点，所述装置包括：
    接收模块，接收用户设备发送的多媒体文件；所述多媒体文件，是所述用户设备接收用户输入的证据采集指令后，响应于所述证据采集指令，对所述用户的行为和/或语音进行录制得到的；
    处理模块，基于所述多媒体文件，构建目标交易，并将所述目标交易广播至区块链网络，以使所述区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，将所述目标交易发布至区块链。
  17. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如权利要求12所述的方法。
  18. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如权利要求13所述的方法。
PCT/CN2019/092635 2018-08-21 2019-06-25 一种基于区块链存证的证据采集方法及*** WO2020038095A1 (zh)

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