WO2020037810A1 - Bluetooth-based audio transmission method and system, audio playing device and computer-readable storage medium - Google Patents

Bluetooth-based audio transmission method and system, audio playing device and computer-readable storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020037810A1
WO2020037810A1 PCT/CN2018/111481 CN2018111481W WO2020037810A1 WO 2020037810 A1 WO2020037810 A1 WO 2020037810A1 CN 2018111481 W CN2018111481 W CN 2018111481W WO 2020037810 A1 WO2020037810 A1 WO 2020037810A1
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audio
audio data
bluetooth
protocol
playback device
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PCT/CN2018/111481
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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何殿超
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南昌黑鲨科技有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of streaming media processing, and in particular, to a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method, system, audio playback device, and computer-readable storage medium.
  • Classic Bluetooth classic is based on the Bluetooth module (BT), which usually refers to Modules that support the Bluetooth protocol version below 4.0 are generally used for large data transmission.
  • Classic Bluetooth can be further divided into: traditional Bluetooth and high-speed Bluetooth.
  • the traditional Bluetooth module was launched in 2004, mainly representing support for the Bluetooth 2.1 protocol.
  • High-speed Bluetooth was launched in 2009 and the speed increased to about 24Mbps.
  • the classic Bluetooth-based communication method has the disadvantages of high power consumption and large delay, and for a single smart terminal, it can only connect one Bluetooth headset at the same time, and audio sharing cannot be achieved.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method, system, audio playback device, and computer-readable storage medium, which supports a smart terminal to connect multiple audio playback devices at the same time, which facilitates users Audio streams are shared to multiple users.
  • the invention discloses a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method, which includes the following steps:
  • S300 encode the audio data and send the audio data to an application module
  • the application module sends the audio data to an audio playback device based on a Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  • the step S200 of reading the audio frame and intercepting the audio frame to form an audio data includes:
  • S210 a system audio layer reads the audio frame from the memory
  • S220 The system independent layer receives the audio frame, and intercepts the audio frame on the system independent layer to form the audio data.
  • step S300 of encoding the audio data and sending the audio data to an application module includes:
  • S310 encode the audio data by using a subband encoding
  • S320 Send the audio data to the application module through a local interface.
  • the step S400 of the application module sending the audio data to an audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol includes:
  • S420 The 2Msym / s PHY for LE and GATT protocol based on the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol sends the audio data to the audio playback device.
  • the audio playback device includes an audio playback device that supports the classic Bluetooth protocol and the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  • the method further includes:
  • S500 Switch the supported Bluetooth protocol to Bluetooth 5.0 protocol.
  • the invention also discloses an audio transmission system, including:
  • a processing module includes:
  • An obtaining unit for obtaining an audio frame of an audio to be played
  • An intercepting unit connected to the acquiring unit, acquiring the audio frame and intercepting to form an audio data
  • An encoding unit connected to the interception unit and encoding the audio data
  • An application module is connected to the processing module and receives the audio data, and the application module sends the audio data to an audio playback device connected thereto based on a Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  • the invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
  • S300 ' encode the audio data and send the audio data to an application module
  • S400 ' Control the application module to send the audio data to the audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  • the invention also discloses an audio playback device, including:
  • a receiving module which receives an encoded audio data based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol
  • a decoding module that decodes the audio data
  • the playing module plays the audio data.
  • the receiving module is further configured to receive audio data based on a classic Bluetooth protocol.
  • a single audio stream can be shared to multiple users, increasing the social attributes of audio playback
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an audio transmission method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an audio transmission method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an audio transmission system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.
  • first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information.
  • word “if” as used herein can be interpreted as “at” or “when” or “in response to a determination”
  • FIG. 1 a flowchart of a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
  • audio transmission is completed between two Bluetooth devices that have a Bluetooth function and support the Bluetooth protocol, such as a smart terminal and a Bluetooth headset, a Bluetooth speaker, a car stereo, and the like.
  • the following steps are performed:
  • an audio to be played can be formed by recording voice, downloading audio streams, and so on.
  • the content carried by the audio may be audio content such as call voice, music, and reminder sound that can be received by the user's ears.
  • the above-mentioned process of forming audio to be played may be passively formed on the smart terminal based on receiving user instructions such as an application program, or may be actively formed with the received message.
  • an audio frame of the audio to be played will be obtained.
  • the audio frame represents a part of the audio to be played. Obtaining it can be regarded as the extraction of the audio to be played. And prepare for follow-up processing.
  • the audio frame Audio Frame is read.
  • the main body of the reading can be Audio Flinger in the operating system installed on the intelligent terminal, which is regarded as a consumer of the Audio Frame. After reading, some or all of them are used as audio data.
  • AudioFlinger is one of the services of the Android audio system, which is loaded by MediaSever when the system starts. AudioFlinger goes down to AudioHardware to output audio data and control audio parameters. At the same time, AudioFlinger provides services through the IAudioFinger interface. Therefore, AudioFlinger plays an important role in Android's audio system framework.
  • the related code of AudioFlinger is mainly in: frameworks / base / libs / audioflinger, and some related codes are in frameworks / base / media / libmedia. AudioFlinger mainly includes the following interfaces:
  • AudioFlinger provides services to, such as openOutput, openInput, createTrack, openRecord, and so on.
  • Applications or other services can obtain this interface through ServiceManager. This interface is obtained by inheriting BnAudioFlinger.
  • ThreadBase is the base class of these threads. All playback and recording threads are derived from ThreadBase.
  • TrackBase is the base class of these Tracks. His derived classes are:
  • PlaybackTread Track-for normal playback, corresponding to the AudioTrack of the application layer;
  • PlaybackThread : OutputTrack-for multiple device output, used when Bluetooth playback is on;
  • RecordThread :: RecordTrack-for recording, corresponds to AudioRecord at the application layer.
  • the application module may be an application module customized to send audio data with low power consumption and low delay based on Bluetooth, such as an application installed in a smart terminal.
  • the application module Before the application module receives the audio data, it can compress the size of the audio data, so that during the subsequent transmission of the audio data, multiple packets can be transmitted at one time.
  • the transmission speed increases, the load requirements, and the Bluetooth connection Requirements such as stability are further reduced.
  • audio data can no longer be limited to being transmitted to one audio playback device, but can be sent to multiple audio playback devices in parallel, thereby realizing multiple audio playback devices.
  • a playback experience that receives and plays audio data at the same time. Theoretically, a maximum of one audio playback device using the classic Bluetooth protocol and seven audio playback devices using the Bluetooth low energy protocol can simultaneously play audio data.
  • the application module sends audio data to the audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol
  • the application module receives the encoded audio data and sends the audio data to the audio playback device that has been connected to the smart terminal via Bluetooth through the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  • Supporting the low-power protocol is the Bluetooth 5.0 technology standard with version number 5.0 and Bluetooth 5.0 technology. Compared with the previous version 4.2 with Bluetooth 4.2, the transmission speed has doubled, and the upper limit has reached 2Mbps. In terms of transmission distance, the increase of four times allows Bluetooth 5.0 to support 300 meters of data transmission; while on the Internet of Things side, the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol is the main connection method for smart wearable devices and smart homes, and its power consumption is lower, The performance is more stable, and the endurance problem of smart devices can be further alleviated. Even compared to wireless network connection Wifi, the transmission power and standby power consumption based on Bluetooth 5.0 protocol is lower than that of WiFi. Two devices share, Wifi sharing consumes an average of 10% power for one hour, but Bluetooth consumes 1/3 of Wifi.
  • the intelligent terminal adopting the audio transmission method will transmit the encoded and compressed audio data to the audio playback device using Bluetooth low energy to reduce the delay between audio transmissions.
  • multiple audio playback devices can receive audio data at the same time, providing users with an audio sharing experience.
  • each step is performed by multiple sub-steps:
  • the step S200 of reading the audio frame and intercepting the audio frame to form an audio data includes:
  • S210 a system audio layer reads the audio frame from the memory
  • S220 The system independent layer receives the audio frame, and intercepts the audio frame on the system independent layer to form the audio data.
  • a system audio layer such as A2DP, Audio, HW, and HAL layers, puts the audio frame AudioFrame into the Audioflinger through AudioTrack, and then reads the audio frame AudioFrame from the memory passed through the IPC.
  • the Hal layer ie, Hardware Abstraction Layer
  • the audio frame is obtained on the HAL layer by interception, thereby obtaining audio data.
  • Step S300 of encoding the audio data and sending the audio data to the application module includes:
  • S320 Send audio data to the application module through the local interface.
  • the audio data may be encoded using subband encoding, that is, SBC encoding.
  • subband encoding that is, SBC encoding.
  • Compress the 512 bytes in the audio data to 65 bytes, so that when three packets are transmitted at one time, the size is only 3 * 65 195 bytes, which is still much smaller than the existing audio transmission using the classic Bluetooth protocol.
  • SBC subband coding
  • BPF band-pass filters
  • Subbands with higher energy levels are dequantized with a large quantization step to reduce the total quantization noise.
  • a different number of bits can be assigned to each subband to represent each sample value. For example, in the low frequency subband, in order to protect the structure of the tones and formants, it is required to use smaller quantization steps and more quantization steps, that is, allocate more bits to represent the sample values.
  • the fricatives and noise-like sounds in speech usually appear in the high-frequency subband, and fewer bits are assigned to it.
  • the subband signal is sampled with a sampling frequency that is twice the bandwidth of the subband, and the original subband signal can be reconstructed by using its sample value.
  • the subband bandwidth is 1000Hz
  • the sampling frequency can be 2000Hz. Its total sampling rate is still 8000Hz.
  • the filter used to divide the frequency band is not an ideal filter, the output audio signal synthesized after banding, encoding, and decoding will have aliasing effects.
  • a quadrature mirror filter QMF is used to divide the frequency band, and the aliasing effect can be cancelled in the final synthesis.
  • the audio data can be sent to the application module through a local interface such as local socket.
  • a local interface such as local socket.
  • FILESYSTEM The system will create a descriptor file in the path specified by the user. RESEVED: The system is reserved. Its essence is also FILESYSTEM, except that the files are in the / dev / socket / directory, and only the init process has permission to create them.
  • LocalSocket has three types of constructors. Usually, we use a parameterless constructor and then use LocalSocketAddress in connect to specify the name and type of the socket to be connected. If you use LocalSocketAddress (String name); to specify a socket, then the system defaults to a Local socket of type ABSTRACT.
  • Step S400 of the application module sending audio data to an audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol includes:
  • the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol 2Msym / s PHY for LE and GATT protocol sends the audio data to the audio playback device.
  • 2Msym / sPHY is the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol.
  • LE 1M PHY On the basis of Bluetooth 4.2 1M symbol rate PHY (called LE 1M PHY), 2M symbol rate PHY (called LE 2M PHY) is added. The difference is:
  • the symbol rate of 1M PHY is 1Msym / s, which is a required PHY (must be supported by each LE device), supports ECC (error correction coding, optional), and supports 3 bit rates according to different encoding methods: 1Mb / s (LE 1M), 500Bb / s (LE Coded), and 125Kb / s (LE Coded).
  • 2M PHY 2Msym / s, which is an optional PHY. It does not support ECC (error correction coding), and the bit rate is 2Mb / s (LE 2M, uncoded).
  • the GATT protocol is an abbreviation of generic attributes, and Chinese is a general attribute, which is a protocol for communication between Bluetooth low energy devices.
  • GATT defines a multi-layered data structure that is used by connected Bluetooth low energy devices to communicate.
  • GATT is based on ATT.
  • the multi-layered data structure defined is briefly summarized as that a service can contain multiple characteristics, and each feature contains properties and values, and can also contain multiple descriptors. .
  • a service is made up of multiple characteristics about the service and the relationship between the service and other services.
  • a feature consisting of the name of the feature, the value of the feature, the attributes of the feature (used to indicate acceptable operations for the feature, and used to declare security-related permissions), and optionally one or more descriptors (and feature Related metadata or configuration flags).
  • the profile is not a part of the data structure that is actually used for communication.
  • GATT is a collection of services. These services are artificially combined and defined as a specific use scenario to declare a Bluetooth low energy device. Things to do. To be compatible, two devices must support the same usage profile.
  • GATT also defines the communication process for Bluetooth devices using this data structure, including service processes and forms, feature discovery, feature value reading and writing, subscription, and feature broadcasting. and many more. GATT divides the Bluetooth communication process into three parts: the discovery process, the client initialization process, and the server initialization process.
  • the GATT server stores data from the GATT client, accepts requests, commands, and approvals from the GATT client (data, requests, and commands are propagated based on the ATT protocol).
  • the GATT server will respond to the GATT client's request, and will notify the GATT client asynchronously when certain events occur on the GATT server.
  • GATT also defines the format in which data is stored on the GATT server. Since BR / EDR and LE are two different standards, they support different profiles, and even if they are very similar profiles, the specific implementations are different. To achieve compatibility between BR / EDR and LE requires that at least one device can implement standard switching.
  • the audio playback device includes an audio playback device that supports the classic Bluetooth protocol and the Bluetooth low energy protocol. That is, the audio playback device in this embodiment, such as a Bluetooth headset, can receive audio data through the classic Bluetooth protocol and the Bluetooth low energy protocol at the same time, and decode and play back. The backward compatibility makes even the old smart terminal, The audio playback device in this embodiment can be used.
  • the method further includes: S500: switching the supported Bluetooth protocol to the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol.
  • the smart terminal has a low-latency mode. When the mode is switched to active, the smart terminal will use 2M and GATT protocols in the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol to transmit encoded and compressed audio data.
  • the user can select the most suitable mode for operation according to the mobile terminal or audio playback device used by the user, further improving the adaptability.
  • the present invention also discloses an audio transmission system including a processing module and an application module that are communicatively connected to each other, wherein the processing module includes:
  • An obtaining unit for obtaining an audio frame of an audio to be played
  • the interception unit is connected with the acquisition unit, acquires the audio frame and intercepts to form an audio data
  • a coding unit which is connected to the interception unit and encodes audio data
  • the application module is connected to the processing module and receives audio data.
  • the application module sends audio data to the audio playback device connected to it based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  • the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon.
  • the computer program When executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
  • the control application module sends audio data to the audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  • the present invention also provides an audio playback device, including: a receiving module that receives an encoded audio data based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol; a decoding module that decodes the audio data; a playback module, Play audio data.
  • the receiving module will simultaneously support the Bluetooth 5.0 low-power protocol, and at the same time adopt the same encoding and decoding language as the smart terminal.
  • the decoding module decodes the compressed audio data, and at the same time, it ensures the fidelity of the audio data
  • the playback module plays the audio data to provide users with a good listening experience.
  • the receiving module is further configured to receive audio data based on a classic Bluetooth protocol.
  • the Bluetooth headset can receive both classic Bluetooth audio data and Bluetooth low energy audio data. When audio data is received via Bluetooth low energy, the audio is played through the codec immediately after decoding, reducing latency.
  • Smart terminals can be implemented in various forms.
  • the terminals described in the present invention may include smart terminals such as mobile phones, smart phones, notebook computers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablets), PMPs (portable multimedia players), navigation devices, and the like as well as Fixed terminal for digital TV, desktop computer, etc.
  • the terminal is a smart terminal.
  • the configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a terminal of a fixed type, in addition to an element particularly used for mobile purposes.

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Abstract

Disclosed are a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method and system, an audio playing device and a computer-readable storage medium. The method comprises: acquiring an audio frame of audio to be played (S100); reading the audio frame, and the audio frame being captured to form audio data (S200); encoding the audio data and sending the audio data to an application module (S300); and the application module sending, based on a Bluetooth low energy protocol, the audio data to an audio playing device (S400). An intelligent terminal is supported to connect to multiple audio playing devices at the same moment, thereby facilitating a user sharing a single audio stream to multiple user positions, and having a small delay and low power consumption when audio data is transmitted.

Description

基于蓝牙的音频传输方法、***、音频播放设备及计算机可读存储介质Bluetooth-based audio transmission method, system, audio playback device, and computer-readable storage medium 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及流媒体处理领域，尤其涉及一种基于蓝牙的音频传输方法、***、音频播放设备及计算机可读存储介质。The present invention relates to the field of streaming media processing, and in particular, to a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method, system, audio playback device, and computer-readable storage medium.
背景技术Background technique
随着智能终端的快速发展，用户对智能终端所需配置的功能也越发增多。例如，许多用户对智能终端的使用不再限于电话、消息等通信功能，而横向延伸至流媒体的接收，如观看视频、收听音频等。同时随着音频播放设备的同步发展，已有不少音频播放设备被制作为体积小巧的同时仍可保有一定的音频保真功能。因此，越来越多的用户使用可支持蓝牙协议的音频播放设备与智能终端蓝牙无线连接后，接收智能终端传输的音频。With the rapid development of smart terminals, users need to configure more and more functions for smart terminals. For example, many users' use of smart terminals is no longer limited to communication functions such as telephone and messaging, but extends horizontally to the reception of streaming media, such as watching videos and listening to audio. At the same time, with the synchronous development of audio playback devices, many audio playback devices have been made compact and still retain a certain audio fidelity function. Therefore, more and more users receive audio transmitted by the smart terminal after wirelessly connecting to the smart terminal using a Bluetooth-enabled audio playback device and the smart terminal.
目前所使用的支持与智能终端通过蓝牙协议无线连接的音频播放设备，如蓝牙耳机等，在接收音频流时，仍采用经典蓝牙协议的通信方式，经典蓝牙经典基于蓝牙模块(BT)，通常指支持蓝牙协议的版本在4.0以下的模块，一般用于数据量比较大的传输。经典蓝牙可再细分为：传统蓝牙和高速蓝牙。传统蓝牙模块在2004年推出，主要代表为支持蓝牙2.1协议。高速蓝牙在2009年推出，速率提高到约24Mbps。基于经典蓝牙的通讯方式具有功耗高，延时大的缺点，并且对于一个单独的智能终端而言，其在同一时刻只能连接一只蓝牙耳机，无法做到音频共享。Currently used audio playback devices that support wireless connection with smart terminals through the Bluetooth protocol, such as Bluetooth headsets, still use the classic Bluetooth protocol for communication when receiving audio streams. Classic Bluetooth classic is based on the Bluetooth module (BT), which usually refers to Modules that support the Bluetooth protocol version below 4.0 are generally used for large data transmission. Classic Bluetooth can be further divided into: traditional Bluetooth and high-speed Bluetooth. The traditional Bluetooth module was launched in 2004, mainly representing support for the Bluetooth 2.1 protocol. High-speed Bluetooth was launched in 2009 and the speed increased to about 24Mbps. The classic Bluetooth-based communication method has the disadvantages of high power consumption and large delay, and for a single smart terminal, it can only connect one Bluetooth headset at the same time, and audio sharing cannot be achieved.
因此，需要提供一种基于蓝牙协议的新型音频传输方法，可解决使用无线连接的音频播放设备在播放音频时的延时问题，提高用户体验。Therefore, there is a need to provide a new audio transmission method based on the Bluetooth protocol, which can solve the problem of delaying the audio playback device using a wireless connection and improve the user experience.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
为了克服上述技术缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种基于蓝牙的音频传输方法、***、音频播放设备及计算机可读存储介质，支持智能终端在同一时刻连接多个音频播放设备，方便用户将单音频流共享至多用户处。In order to overcome the above technical defects, an object of the present invention is to provide a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method, system, audio playback device, and computer-readable storage medium, which supports a smart terminal to connect multiple audio playback devices at the same time, which facilitates users Audio streams are shared to multiple users.
本发明公开了一种基于蓝牙的音频传输方法，包括以下步骤：The invention discloses a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method, which includes the following steps:
S100：获取待播放音频的音频框；S100: Obtain an audio frame of the audio to be played;
S200：读取所述音频框，且所述音频框被截取形成一音频数据；S200: Read the audio frame, and the audio frame is intercepted to form an audio data;
S300：对所述音频数据编码，并发送所述音频数据至应用模块；S300: encode the audio data and send the audio data to an application module;
S400：所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至音频播放设备。S400: The application module sends the audio data to an audio playback device based on a Bluetooth low energy protocol.
优选地，读取所述音频框，且所述音频框被截取形成一音频数据的步骤S200包括：Preferably, the step S200 of reading the audio frame and intercepting the audio frame to form an audio data includes:
S210：一***音频层自内存上读取音频框；S210: a system audio layer reads the audio frame from the memory;
S220：***独立层接收所述音频框，并在***独立层上对所述音频框截取，以形成所述音频数据。S220: The system independent layer receives the audio frame, and intercepts the audio frame on the system independent layer to form the audio data.
优选地，对所述音频数据编码，并发送所述音频数据至应用模块的步骤S300包括：Preferably, step S300 of encoding the audio data and sending the audio data to an application module includes:
S310：采用子带编码对所述音频数据编码；S310: encode the audio data by using a subband encoding;
S320：通过本地接口发送所述音频数据至应用模块。S320: Send the audio data to the application module through a local interface.
优选地，所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至一音频播放设备的步骤S400包括：Preferably, the step S400 of the application module sending the audio data to an audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol includes:
S410：与所述音频播放设备建立蓝牙连接；S410: Establish a Bluetooth connection with the audio playback device;
S420：基于蓝牙5.0协议的2Msym/s PHY for LE和GATT协议发送所述音频数据至所述音频播放设备。S420: The 2Msym / s PHY for LE and GATT protocol based on the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol sends the audio data to the audio playback device.
优选地，所述步骤S410中，所述音频播放设备包括支持经典蓝牙协议及低功耗蓝牙协议的音频播放设备。Preferably, in step S410, the audio playback device includes an audio playback device that supports the classic Bluetooth protocol and the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
优选地，所述步骤S100前还包括：Preferably, before step S100, the method further includes:
S500：切换支持的蓝牙协议至蓝牙5.0协议。S500: Switch the supported Bluetooth protocol to Bluetooth 5.0 protocol.
本发明还公开了一种音频传输***，包括：The invention also discloses an audio transmission system, including:
处理模块，所述处理模块包括：A processing module, the processing module includes:
获取单元，获取待播放音频的音频框；An obtaining unit for obtaining an audio frame of an audio to be played;
截取单元，与所述获取单元连接，获取所述音频框并截取形成一音频数据；An intercepting unit, connected to the acquiring unit, acquiring the audio frame and intercepting to form an audio data;
编码单元，与所述截取单元连接，对所述音频数据编码；An encoding unit connected to the interception unit and encoding the audio data;
应用模块，与所述处理模块连接，接收所述音频数据，所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至与其连接的音频播放设备。An application module is connected to the processing module and receives the audio data, and the application module sends the audio data to an audio playback device connected thereto based on a Bluetooth low energy protocol.
本发明还公开了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：The invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
S100’：获取待播放音频的音频框；S100 ’: Obtain an audio frame of the audio to be played;
S200’：读取所述音频框，且所述音频框被截取形成一音频数据；S200 ': Read the audio frame, and the audio frame is intercepted to form an audio data;
S300’：对所述音频数据编码，并发送所述音频数据至应用模块；S300 ': encode the audio data and send the audio data to an application module;
S400’：控制所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至音频播放设备。S400 ': Control the application module to send the audio data to the audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
本发明又公开了一种音频播放设备，包括：The invention also discloses an audio playback device, including:
接收模块，基于蓝牙的低功耗协议接收一编码后的音频数据；A receiving module, which receives an encoded audio data based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol;
解码模块，对所述音频数据解码；A decoding module that decodes the audio data;
播放模块，播放所述音频数据。The playing module plays the audio data.
优选地，所述接收模块还配置为：基于经典蓝牙协议接收音频数据。Preferably, the receiving module is further configured to receive audio data based on a classic Bluetooth protocol.
采用了上述技术方案后，与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：After adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:
1.解决了基于传统经典蓝牙协议传输音频流时延时大的问题；1. Solved the problem of large delay when transmitting audio stream based on traditional classic Bluetooth protocol;
2.单一的音频流可共享至多用户处，增加音频播放的社交属性；2. A single audio stream can be shared to multiple users, increasing the social attributes of audio playback;
3.降低了音频播放的功耗，提升智能终端的续航能力。3. Reduce the power consumption of audio playback and improve the endurance of smart terminals.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为符合本发明一优选实施例中音频传输方法的流程示意图；1 is a schematic flowchart of an audio transmission method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2为符合本发明另一优选实施例中音频传输方法的流程示意图；2 is a schematic flowchart of an audio transmission method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图3为符合本发明一优选实施例中音频传输***的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an audio transmission system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图与具体实施例进一步阐述本发明的优点。The advantages of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
在本公开使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本公开。在本公开和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
应当理解，尽管在本公开可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本公开范围的情况下，第一信息也可以被称为第二信息，类似地，第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。取决于语境，如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "at" or "when" or "in response to a determination"
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than The indicated or implied device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，除非另有规定和限定，需要说明的是，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是机械连接或电连接，也可以是两个元件内部的连通，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. The internal connection of these elements can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations.
在后续的描述中，使用用于表示元件的诸如“模块”、“部件”或“单元”的后缀仅为了有利于本发明的说明，其本身并没有特定的意义。因此，“模块”与“部件”可以混合地使用。In the following description, the use of suffixes such as “module”, “component”, or “unit” for indicating elements is merely for the benefit of the description of the present invention, and it does not have a specific meaning itself. Therefore, "module" and "component" can be used in combination.
参阅图1，为符合本发明一优选实施例中基于蓝牙的音频传输方法的流程示意图。在该实施例中，音频传输完成在同时具有蓝牙功能、支持蓝牙协议的两蓝牙设备间，例如智能终端与蓝牙耳机、蓝牙音箱、车载音响等。为实现以低功耗、低延迟的方式传输音频，将执行以下步骤：Referring to FIG. 1, a flowchart of a Bluetooth-based audio transmission method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, audio transmission is completed between two Bluetooth devices that have a Bluetooth function and support the Bluetooth protocol, such as a smart terminal and a Bluetooth headset, a Bluetooth speaker, a car stereo, and the like. To achieve audio transmission with low power consumption and low latency, the following steps are performed:
S100：获取待播放音频的音频框S100: Get the audio frame of the audio to be played
在需要将音频向外传输的智能终端侧，可通过录取语音、下载音频流等方式形成一待播放音频。该音频承载的内容可以是通话语音、音乐、提醒声等可供用户的双耳接收的音频内容。上述形成待播放音频的过程可在智能终端上基于如应用程序等接收用户指令而被动形成，亦或是随接收到的消息主动形成。On the side of the smart terminal that needs to transmit audio outwards, an audio to be played can be formed by recording voice, downloading audio streams, and so on. The content carried by the audio may be audio content such as call voice, music, and reminder sound that can be received by the user's ears. The above-mentioned process of forming audio to be played may be passively formed on the smart terminal based on receiving user instructions such as an application program, or may be actively formed with the received message.
在形成有待播放音频后，在智能终端内，将获取该待播放音频的音频框(Audio Frame)，音频框代表着待播放音频的部分段落，对其获取，便可视为对待播放音频的提取并为后续处理做准备。After the audio to be played is formed, in the smart terminal, an audio frame of the audio to be played will be obtained. The audio frame represents a part of the audio to be played. Obtaining it can be regarded as the extraction of the audio to be played. And prepare for follow-up processing.
S200：读取音频框，且音频框被截取形成一音频数据S200: Read the audio frame, and the audio frame is intercepted to form an audio data
在智能终端的***内，读取该音频框Audio Frame，读取的主体可采用智能终端安装 的操作***内的Audio Flinger，将其视为对Audio Frame的消费者。读取后，截取其中的部分或全部用作为音频数据。In the system of the intelligent terminal, the audio frame Audio Frame is read. The main body of the reading can be Audio Flinger in the operating system installed on the intelligent terminal, which is regarded as a consumer of the Audio Frame. After reading, some or all of them are used as audio data.
以智能终端安装的安卓***为例。AudioFlinger是Android音频***的服务之一，该服务都在***启动时由MediaSever加载。AudioFlinger向下访问AudioHardware，实现输出音频数据，控制音频参数。同时，AudioFlinger向上通过IAudioFinger接口提供服务。所以，AudioFlinger在Android的音频***框架中起着承上启下的作用，地位相当重要。AudioFlinger的相关代码主要在：frameworks/base/libs/audioflinger，也有部分相关的代码在frameworks/base/media/libmedia里。AudioFlinger主要包括以下接口：Take the Android system installed on the smart terminal as an example. AudioFlinger is one of the services of the Android audio system, which is loaded by MediaSever when the system starts. AudioFlinger goes down to AudioHardware to output audio data and control audio parameters. At the same time, AudioFlinger provides services through the IAudioFinger interface. Therefore, AudioFlinger plays an important role in Android's audio system framework. The related code of AudioFlinger is mainly in: frameworks / base / libs / audioflinger, and some related codes are in frameworks / base / media / libmedia. AudioFlinger mainly includes the following interfaces:
IAudioFlinger接口IAudioFlinger interface
这是AudioFlinger向外提供服务的接口，例如openOutput，openInput，createTrack，openRecord等等，应用程序或者其他service通过ServiceManager可以获得该接口。该接口通过继承BnAudioFlinger得到。This is the interface that AudioFlinger provides services to, such as openOutput, openInput, createTrack, openRecord, and so on. Applications or other services can obtain this interface through ServiceManager. This interface is obtained by inheriting BnAudioFlinger.
ThreadBaseThreadBase
在AudioFlinger中，Android为每一个放音/录音设备均创建一个处理线程，负责音频数据的I/O和合成，ThreadBase是这些线程的基类，所有的播放和录音线程都派生自ThreadBase。In AudioFlinger, Android creates a processing thread for each playback / recording device, which is responsible for I / O and synthesis of audio data. ThreadBase is the base class of these threads. All playback and recording threads are derived from ThreadBase.
TrackBaseTrackBase
应用程序每创建一个音轨(AudioTrack/AudioRecord)，在AudioFlinger中都会创建一个对应的Track实例，TrackBase就是这些Track的基类，他的派生类有：Every time an application creates an audio track (AudioTrack / AudioRecord), a corresponding Track instance is created in AudioFlinger. TrackBase is the base class of these Tracks. His derived classes are:
PlaybackTread::Track——用于普通播放，对应于应用层的AudioTrack；PlaybackTread :: Track-for normal playback, corresponding to the AudioTrack of the application layer;
PlaybackThread::OutputTrack——用于多重设备输出，当蓝牙播放开启时使用；PlaybackThread :: OutputTrack-for multiple device output, used when Bluetooth playback is on;
RecordThread::RecordTrack——用于录音，对应于应用层的AudioRecord。RecordThread :: RecordTrack-for recording, corresponds to AudioRecord at the application layer.
S300：对音频数据编码，并发送音频数据至应用模块S300: encode audio data and send audio data to the application module
针对步骤S200中形成的音频数据，将其发送至一应用模块。该应用模块可以是定制为专用于基于蓝牙以低功耗、低延迟发送音频数据的应用模块，如安装在智能终端内的应用程序等。Send the audio data formed in step S200 to an application module. The application module may be an application module customized to send audio data with low power consumption and low delay based on Bluetooth, such as an application installed in a smart terminal.
应用模块接收之前，对该音频数据编码，可压缩音频数据的大小，使得音频数据在后续被传输过程中，可一次性传输多个包，则其传输的速度提高、对负载的要求、蓝牙连接的稳定性等要求均进一步减少。若与以现有技术的传输流量相比，同等时间及同负载下可不再限于将音频数据传输至一处音频播放设备，而是可并行发送至多个音频播放 设备，从而实现多个音频播放设备同时接收和播放音频数据的播放体验。理论上最高支持一个应用经典蓝牙协议的音频播放设备和七个应用低功耗蓝牙协议的音频播放设备同时播放音频数据。Before the application module receives the audio data, it can compress the size of the audio data, so that during the subsequent transmission of the audio data, multiple packets can be transmitted at one time. The transmission speed increases, the load requirements, and the Bluetooth connection Requirements such as stability are further reduced. If compared with the transmission traffic of the prior art, under the same time and under the same load, audio data can no longer be limited to being transmitted to one audio playback device, but can be sent to multiple audio playback devices in parallel, thereby realizing multiple audio playback devices. A playback experience that receives and plays audio data at the same time. Theoretically, a maximum of one audio playback device using the classic Bluetooth protocol and seven audio playback devices using the Bluetooth low energy protocol can simultaneously play audio data.
S400：应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送音频数据至音频播放设备S400: The application module sends audio data to the audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol
应用模块接收到编码后的音频数据，通过低功耗蓝牙协议发送音频数据至已与智能终端通过蓝牙连接的音频播放设备处。支持低功耗协议的为版本号为5.0的蓝牙5.0技术标准，蓝牙5.0技术，其传输速度相比于前一版本号为4.2的蓝牙4.2，传输速度达到了两倍的增长，上限达到了2Mbps；在传输距离上，四倍距离的提升让蓝牙5.0能支持300米的数据传输；而在物联网侧，蓝牙5.0协议作为智能可穿戴设备以及智能家居的主要连接方式，其功耗更低、性能更稳定，智能设备的续航问题也能得到进一步的缓解，甚至与无线网络连接Wifi相比，基于蓝牙5.0协议而传输的发射功率与待机功耗相较WiFi低，在待机状态下，与1台设备分享，Wifi分享一小时平均耗10％电力，但蓝牙耗电是Wifi的1/3。The application module receives the encoded audio data and sends the audio data to the audio playback device that has been connected to the smart terminal via Bluetooth through the Bluetooth low energy protocol. Supporting the low-power protocol is the Bluetooth 5.0 technology standard with version number 5.0 and Bluetooth 5.0 technology. Compared with the previous version 4.2 with Bluetooth 4.2, the transmission speed has doubled, and the upper limit has reached 2Mbps. In terms of transmission distance, the increase of four times allows Bluetooth 5.0 to support 300 meters of data transmission; while on the Internet of Things side, the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol is the main connection method for smart wearable devices and smart homes, and its power consumption is lower, The performance is more stable, and the endurance problem of smart devices can be further alleviated. Even compared to wireless network connection Wifi, the transmission power and standby power consumption based on Bluetooth 5.0 protocol is lower than that of WiFi. Two devices share, Wifi sharing consumes an average of 10% power for one hour, but Bluetooth consumes 1/3 of Wifi.
通过上述音频传输方法的步骤配置，采用该音频传输方法的智能终端将应用低功耗蓝牙传送编码压缩后的音频数据至音频播放设备处，以降低音频传输间的延迟。同时多个音频播放设备可同时接收到音频数据，向用户提供了音频共享的使用体验。Through the step configuration of the audio transmission method, the intelligent terminal adopting the audio transmission method will transmit the encoded and compressed audio data to the audio playback device using Bluetooth low energy to reduce the delay between audio transmissions. At the same time, multiple audio playback devices can receive audio data at the same time, providing users with an audio sharing experience.
参阅图2，在一优选实施例中，各步骤由多个分步骤执行完成：Referring to FIG. 2, in a preferred embodiment, each step is performed by multiple sub-steps:
读取所述音频框，且所述音频框被截取形成一音频数据的步骤S200包括：The step S200 of reading the audio frame and intercepting the audio frame to form an audio data includes:
S210：一***音频层自内存上读取音频框；S210: a system audio layer reads the audio frame from the memory;
S220：***独立层接收音频框，并在***独立层上对所述音频框截取，以形成所述音频数据。S220: The system independent layer receives the audio frame, and intercepts the audio frame on the system independent layer to form the audio data.
一***音频层，如A2DP Audio HW HAL层，通过AudioTrack将音频框Audio Frame放入Audio flinger，且之后通过IPC传递过来的一块内存中读取该音频框Audio Frame。以安卓***为例，Hal层(即Hardware Abstraction Layer)是Google开发的Android***里上层应用对底层硬件操作屏蔽的一个软件层次，说直白点，就是上层应用不必关心底层硬件具体是如何工作的，只需要调用底层提供的统一接口即可。在HAL层上通过截取的方式获取音频框，从而获取音频数据。A system audio layer, such as A2DP, Audio, HW, and HAL layers, puts the audio frame AudioFrame into the Audioflinger through AudioTrack, and then reads the audio frame AudioFrame from the memory passed through the IPC. Taking the Android system as an example, the Hal layer (ie, Hardware Abstraction Layer) is a software layer in which the upper-layer applications in the Android system developed by Google shield the underlying hardware operations. To put it plainly, the upper-layer applications do not need to care about how the underlying hardware works You only need to call the unified interface provided by the bottom layer. The audio frame is obtained on the HAL layer by interception, thereby obtaining audio data.
对音频数据编码，并发送音频数据至应用模块的步骤S300包括：Step S300 of encoding the audio data and sending the audio data to the application module includes:
S310：采用子带编码对音频数据编码；S310: Use subband coding to encode audio data;
S320：通过本地接口发送音频数据至应用模块。S320: Send audio data to the application module through the local interface.
在该优选实施例中，对音频数据的编码，可采用子带编码，即SBC的编码。将音频数据内的512字节压缩到65字节，从而可实现一次性传输3个数据包时，其大小仅为3*65＝195字节，仍大大小于现有采用经典蓝牙协议的音频传输方式中音频数据的大小。In this preferred embodiment, the audio data may be encoded using subband encoding, that is, SBC encoding. Compress the 512 bytes in the audio data to 65 bytes, so that when three packets are transmitted at one time, the size is only 3 * 65 = 195 bytes, which is still much smaller than the existing audio transmission using the classic Bluetooth protocol. The size of the audio data in the mode.
子带编码(SBC)的基本思想是：使用一组带通滤波器(band-pass filter，BPF)把输入音频信号的频带分成若干个连续的频段，每个频段称为子带。对每个子带中的音频信号采用单独的编码方案去编码。在信道上传送时，将每个子带的代码复合起来。在接收端译码时，将每个子带的代码单独译码，然后把它们组合起来，还原成原来的音频信号。采用对每个子带分别编码的好处有二个。第一，对每个子带信号分别进行自适应控制，量化阶(quantization step)的大小可以按照每个子带的能量电平加以调节。具有较高能量电平的子带用大的量化阶去量化，以减少总的量化噪声。第二，可根据每个子带信号在感觉上的重要性，对每个子带分配不同的位数，用来表示每个样本值。例如，在低频子带中，为了保护音调和共振峰的结构，就要求用较小的量化阶、较多的量化级数，即分配较多的位数来表示样本值。而话音中的摩擦音和类似噪声的声音，通常出现在高频子带中，对它分配较少的位数。The basic idea of subband coding (SBC) is: use a set of band-pass filters (BPF) to divide the frequency band of the input audio signal into several consecutive frequency bands, and each frequency band is called a subband. The audio signals in each subband are coded using a separate coding scheme. When transmitting on the channel, the code of each subband is compounded. When decoding at the receiving end, the codes of each subband are decoded separately, and then they are combined to restore the original audio signal. There are two benefits to using separate coding for each subband. First, each subband signal is adaptively controlled separately, and the size of the quantization step can be adjusted according to the energy level of each subband. Subbands with higher energy levels are dequantized with a large quantization step to reduce the total quantization noise. Second, according to the perceptual importance of each subband signal, a different number of bits can be assigned to each subband to represent each sample value. For example, in the low frequency subband, in order to protect the structure of the tones and formants, it is required to use smaller quantization steps and more quantization steps, that is, allocate more bits to represent the sample values. The fricatives and noise-like sounds in speech usually appear in the high-frequency subband, and fewer bits are assigned to it.
音频频带的分割可以用树型结构的式样进行划分。首先把整个音频信号带宽分成两个相等带宽的子带：高频子带和低频子带。然后对这两个子带用同样的方法划分，形成4个子带。这个过程可按需要重复下去，以产生2K个子带，K为分割的次数。用这种办法可以产生等带宽的子带，也可以生成不等带宽的子带。例如，对带宽为4000Hz的音频信号，当K＝3时，可分为8个相等带宽的子带，每个子带的带宽为500Hz。也可生成5个不等带宽的子带，分别为[0,500)，[500,1000)，[1000,2000)，[2000,3000)和[3000,4000]。把音频信号分割成相邻的子带分量之后，用2倍于子带带宽的采样频率对子带信号进行采样，就可以用它的样本值重构出原来的子带信号。例如，把4000Hz带宽分成4个等带宽子带时，子带带宽为1000Hz，采样频率可用2000Hz，它的总采样率仍然是8000Hz。由于分割频带所用的滤波器不是理想的滤波器，经过分带、编码、译码后合成的输出音频信号会有混迭效应。据有关资料的分析，采用正交镜象滤波器(quandrature mirror filter，QMF)来划分频带，混迭效应在最后合成时可以抵消。The division of the audio frequency band can be divided by a tree structure. First, the entire audio signal bandwidth is divided into two equal bandwidth subbands: a high frequency subband and a low frequency subband. Then divide these two subbands in the same way to form 4 subbands. This process can be repeated as needed to generate 2K subbands, where K is the number of divisions. In this way, subbands of equal bandwidth can be generated, and subbands of unequal bandwidth can also be generated. For example, for an audio signal with a bandwidth of 4000 Hz, when K = 3, it can be divided into 8 subbands of equal bandwidth, and the bandwidth of each subband is 500 Hz. It can also generate 5 sub-bands of different bandwidths, which are [0,500), [500,1000), [1000,2000), [2000,3000), and [3000,4000]. After the audio signal is divided into adjacent subband components, the subband signal is sampled with a sampling frequency that is twice the bandwidth of the subband, and the original subband signal can be reconstructed by using its sample value. For example, when the 4000Hz bandwidth is divided into four equal-bandwidth subbands, the subband bandwidth is 1000Hz, and the sampling frequency can be 2000Hz. Its total sampling rate is still 8000Hz. Because the filter used to divide the frequency band is not an ideal filter, the output audio signal synthesized after banding, encoding, and decoding will have aliasing effects. According to the analysis of relevant data, a quadrature mirror filter (QMF) is used to divide the frequency band, and the aliasing effect can be cancelled in the final synthesis.
编码完成后，可通过如local socket的本地接口发送该音频数据至应用模块。local socket本地接口的NameSpace有三种：ABSTRACT：在***中维护一个socket描述符，不会在***上建立文件。FILESYSTEM：***会在用户指定的路径下创建一个描述符文件。RESEVED：***保留，其本质也是FILESYSTEM，只是文件在/dev/socket/目录下， 并且只有init进程才有权限创建。此外，LocalSocket有三种构造函数，通常我们用无参数的构造函数，然后用connect中的LocalSocketAddress来指定需要连接的socket的名字以及类型。如果直接用LocalSocketAddress(String name)；来指定一个socket的话，那么***默认它是一个ABSTRACT类型的Local socket。After encoding, the audio data can be sent to the application module through a local interface such as local socket. There are three types of NameSpaces for local interfaces: ABSTRACT: A socket descriptor is maintained in the system, and no files are created on the system. FILESYSTEM: The system will create a descriptor file in the path specified by the user. RESEVED: The system is reserved. Its essence is also FILESYSTEM, except that the files are in the / dev / socket / directory, and only the init process has permission to create them. In addition, LocalSocket has three types of constructors. Usually, we use a parameterless constructor and then use LocalSocketAddress in connect to specify the name and type of the socket to be connected. If you use LocalSocketAddress (String name); to specify a socket, then the system defaults to a Local socket of type ABSTRACT.
应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送音频数据至一音频播放设备的步骤S400包括：Step S400 of the application module sending audio data to an audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol includes:
S410：与音频播放设备建立蓝牙连接；S410: Establish a Bluetooth connection with the audio playback device;
S420：基于蓝牙5.0协议的2Msym/s PHY for LE和GATT协议发送音频数据至音频播放设备S420: 2Msym / s PHY for LE and GATT protocol based on Bluetooth 5.0 protocol sends audio data to audio playback device
智能终端与音频播放设备建立蓝牙连接后，蓝牙5.0协议的2Msym/s PHY for LE和GATT协议发送所述音频数据至所述音频播放设备。2Msym/s PHY for LE为蓝牙5.0协议中，在蓝牙4.2 1M符号速率(symbol rate)的PHY(称作LE 1M PHY)基础上，增加2M符号速率的PHY(称作LE 2M PHY)，二者的区别为：After the smart terminal establishes a Bluetooth connection with the audio playback device, the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol 2Msym / s PHY for LE and GATT protocol sends the audio data to the audio playback device. 2Msym / sPHY is the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. On the basis of Bluetooth 4.2 1M symbol rate PHY (called LE 1M PHY), 2M symbol rate PHY (called LE 2M PHY) is added. The difference is:
1)LE 1M PHY的符号速率为1Msym/s，为必选PHY(每个LE设备必须支持)，支持ECC(error correction coding，可选)，根据不同的编码方式，支持3种bit速率：1Mb/s(LE 1M)、500Bb/s(LE Coded)和125Kb/s(LE Coded)。1) The symbol rate of 1M PHY is 1Msym / s, which is a required PHY (must be supported by each LE device), supports ECC (error correction coding, optional), and supports 3 bit rates according to different encoding methods: 1Mb / s (LE 1M), 500Bb / s (LE Coded), and 125Kb / s (LE Coded).
2)2)LE 2M PHY的符号速率为2Msym/s，为可选PHY，不支持ECC(error correction coding)，bit速率为2Mb/s(LE 2M，uncoded)。2) 2) The symbol rate of 2M PHY is 2Msym / s, which is an optional PHY. It does not support ECC (error correction coding), and the bit rate is 2Mb / s (LE 2M, uncoded).
GATT协议是generic Attributes的缩写，中文是通用属性，是低功耗蓝牙设备之间进行通信的协议。GATT定义了一种多层的数据结构，已连接的低功耗蓝牙设备用它来进行通信。GATT基于ATT，定义的多层数据结构简要概括起来就是服务(service)可以包含多个特征(characteristic)，每个特征包含属性(properties)和值(value)，还可以包含多个描述(descriptor)。服务，是由有关该服务的多个特质，以及该服务和其他服务的关系组成。特征，由特征的名字、特征的值、特征的属性(用来表明该特征可接受的操作，和用来声明与安全相关的权限)，以及可选的一个或多个的描述器(与特征相关的metadata或configuration flags)组成。而profile不属于实际用于通信的数据结构的组成部分，在这里它是一组服务的集合，这些服务被人为地组合起来并定义成一个特定的使用场景，用来声明一个低功耗蓝牙设备可以做的事情。两个设备要达到兼容要求两者支持同一种使用场景(profile)。GATT除了定义了这种服务-特征型的数据结构，还定义了蓝牙设备使用这种数据结构进行通信的流程，包括服务流程和形式，特征的发现，特征值的读写、订阅，特征的广播等等。GATT把蓝牙通信流程分为三部分：发现流程，客户端初始化 流程，和服务端初始化流程。GATT服务端存储来自GATT客户端传来数据，接受GATT客户端的请求，命令，以及批准(数据、请求、命令等的传播都是基于ATT协议的)。GATT服务端会对GATT客户端的请求进行响应，并且当GATT服务端上某些事件发生的时候会异步地通知GATT客户端。GATT还定义了数据存储在GATT服务端上的格式。由于BR/EDR和LE是两种不同的标准，它们支持的profile是不同的，就算是非常类似的profile，具体实现也不同。BR/EDR和LE之间要实现兼容要求至少一个设备是可以实现标准切换的。The GATT protocol is an abbreviation of generic attributes, and Chinese is a general attribute, which is a protocol for communication between Bluetooth low energy devices. GATT defines a multi-layered data structure that is used by connected Bluetooth low energy devices to communicate. GATT is based on ATT. The multi-layered data structure defined is briefly summarized as that a service can contain multiple characteristics, and each feature contains properties and values, and can also contain multiple descriptors. . A service is made up of multiple characteristics about the service and the relationship between the service and other services. A feature, consisting of the name of the feature, the value of the feature, the attributes of the feature (used to indicate acceptable operations for the feature, and used to declare security-related permissions), and optionally one or more descriptors (and feature Related metadata or configuration flags). The profile is not a part of the data structure that is actually used for communication. Here it is a collection of services. These services are artificially combined and defined as a specific use scenario to declare a Bluetooth low energy device. Things to do. To be compatible, two devices must support the same usage profile. In addition to defining this service-characteristic data structure, GATT also defines the communication process for Bluetooth devices using this data structure, including service processes and forms, feature discovery, feature value reading and writing, subscription, and feature broadcasting. and many more. GATT divides the Bluetooth communication process into three parts: the discovery process, the client initialization process, and the server initialization process. The GATT server stores data from the GATT client, accepts requests, commands, and approvals from the GATT client (data, requests, and commands are propagated based on the ATT protocol). The GATT server will respond to the GATT client's request, and will notify the GATT client asynchronously when certain events occur on the GATT server. GATT also defines the format in which data is stored on the GATT server. Since BR / EDR and LE are two different standards, they support different profiles, and even if they are very similar profiles, the specific implementations are different. To achieve compatibility between BR / EDR and LE requires that at least one device can implement standard switching.
进一步地，音频播放设备包括支持经典蓝牙协议及低功耗蓝牙协议的音频播放设备。也就是说，该实施例中的音频播放设备，如蓝牙耳机可同时通过经典蓝牙协议和低功耗蓝牙协议接收音频数据，并解码和播放，向下兼容使得即使是老旧的智能终端，也可使用本实施例中经的音频播放设备。Further, the audio playback device includes an audio playback device that supports the classic Bluetooth protocol and the Bluetooth low energy protocol. That is, the audio playback device in this embodiment, such as a Bluetooth headset, can receive audio data through the classic Bluetooth protocol and the Bluetooth low energy protocol at the same time, and decode and play back. The backward compatibility makes even the old smart terminal, The audio playback device in this embodiment can be used.
此外，步骤S100前还包括：S500：切换支持的蓝牙协议至蓝牙5.0协议。具体地，在该实施例中，智能终端具有低延迟模式，当该模式切换为激活时，智能终端将采用支持蓝牙5.0协议中2M、GATT协议传输编码压缩后的音频数据。通过向用户提供模式切换的方式，用户可根据自身所使用的移动终端或音频播放设备选择最适合的模式运行，进一步提高了适配性。In addition, before step S100, the method further includes: S500: switching the supported Bluetooth protocol to the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol. Specifically, in this embodiment, the smart terminal has a low-latency mode. When the mode is switched to active, the smart terminal will use 2M and GATT protocols in the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol to transmit encoded and compressed audio data. By providing the user with a mode switching mode, the user can select the most suitable mode for operation according to the mobile terminal or audio playback device used by the user, further improving the adaptability.
参阅图3，本发明还公开了一种音频传输***，其包括互相通信连接的处理模块和应用模块，其中处理模块包括：Referring to FIG. 3, the present invention also discloses an audio transmission system including a processing module and an application module that are communicatively connected to each other, wherein the processing module includes:
获取单元，获取待播放音频的音频框；An obtaining unit for obtaining an audio frame of an audio to be played;
截取单元，与获取单元连接，获取音频框并截取形成一音频数据；The interception unit is connected with the acquisition unit, acquires the audio frame and intercepts to form an audio data;
编码单元，与截取单元连接，对音频数据编码；A coding unit, which is connected to the interception unit and encodes audio data;
而应用模块，与处理模块连接，接收音频数据，应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送音频数据至与其连接的音频播放设备。The application module is connected to the processing module and receives audio data. The application module sends audio data to the audio playback device connected to it based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
本发明还公开了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
S100’：获取待播放音频的音频框；S100 ’: Obtain an audio frame of the audio to be played;
S200’：读取音频框，且音频框被截取形成一音频数据；S200 ’: Read the audio frame, and the audio frame is intercepted to form an audio data;
S300’：对音频数据编码，并发送音频数据至应用模块；S300 ’: encode the audio data and send the audio data to the application module;
S400’：控制应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送音频数据至音频播放设备。S400 ’: The control application module sends audio data to the audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
在用户收听音频的一侧，本发明还提供了一种音频播放设备，包括：接收模块，基 于蓝牙的低功耗协议接收一编码后的音频数据；解码模块，对音频数据解码；播放模块，播放音频数据。具体地，接收模块将同时支持蓝牙5.0的低功耗协议，同时采用与智能终端相同的编码和解码语言，解码模块对压缩后的音频数据解码，解码的同时，保证对音频数据的保真，最终由播放模块播放音频数据，向用户提供良好的收听体验。On the side of the user listening to audio, the present invention also provides an audio playback device, including: a receiving module that receives an encoded audio data based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol; a decoding module that decodes the audio data; a playback module, Play audio data. Specifically, the receiving module will simultaneously support the Bluetooth 5.0 low-power protocol, and at the same time adopt the same encoding and decoding language as the smart terminal. The decoding module decodes the compressed audio data, and at the same time, it ensures the fidelity of the audio data Finally, the playback module plays the audio data to provide users with a good listening experience.
进一步地，接收模块还配置为：基于经典蓝牙协议接收音频数据。蓝牙耳机端同时可接收经典蓝牙音频数据和低功耗蓝牙音频数据。当通过低功耗蓝牙接收到音频数据时，解码之后立即通过codec进行播放音频，减少降低延时。Further, the receiving module is further configured to receive audio data based on a classic Bluetooth protocol. The Bluetooth headset can receive both classic Bluetooth audio data and Bluetooth low energy audio data. When audio data is received via Bluetooth low energy, the audio is played through the codec immediately after decoding, reducing latency.
智能终端可以以各种形式来实施。例如，本发明中描述的终端可以包括诸如移动电话、智能电话、笔记本电脑、PDA(个人数字助理)、PAD(平板电脑)、PMP(便携式多媒体播放器)、导航装置等等的智能终端以及诸如数字TV、台式计算机等等的固定终端。下面，假设终端是智能终端。然而，本领域技术人员将理解的是，除了特别用于移动目的的元件之外，根据本发明的实施方式的构造也能够应用于固定类型的终端。Smart terminals can be implemented in various forms. For example, the terminals described in the present invention may include smart terminals such as mobile phones, smart phones, notebook computers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablets), PMPs (portable multimedia players), navigation devices, and the like as well as Fixed terminal for digital TV, desktop computer, etc. In the following, it is assumed that the terminal is a smart terminal. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a terminal of a fixed type, in addition to an element particularly used for mobile purposes.
应当注意的是，本发明的实施例有较佳的实施性，且并非对本发明作任何形式的限制，任何熟悉该领域的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容变更或修饰为等同的有效实施例，但凡未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改或等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention have better implementation, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to change or modify the equivalent effective embodiments. However, without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any modifications or equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于蓝牙的音频传输方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A Bluetooth-based audio transmission method is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
    S100：获取待播放音频的音频框；S100: Obtain an audio frame of the audio to be played;
    S200：读取所述音频框，且所述音频框被截取形成一音频数据；S200: Read the audio frame, and the audio frame is intercepted to form an audio data;
    S300：对所述音频数据编码，并发送所述音频数据至应用模块；S300: encode the audio data and send the audio data to an application module;
    S400：所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至音频播放设备。S400: The application module sends the audio data to an audio playback device based on a Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的音频传输方法，其特征在于，The audio transmission method according to claim 1, wherein:
    读取所述音频框，且所述音频框被截取形成一音频数据的步骤S200包括：The step S200 of reading the audio frame and intercepting the audio frame to form an audio data includes:
    S210：一***音频层自内存上读取音频框；S210: a system audio layer reads the audio frame from the memory;
    S220：***独立层接收所述音频框，并在***独立层上对所述音频框截取，以形成所述音频数据。S220: The system independent layer receives the audio frame, and intercepts the audio frame on the system independent layer to form the audio data.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的音频传输方法，其特征在于，The audio transmission method according to claim 1, wherein:
    对所述音频数据编码，并发送所述音频数据至应用模块的步骤S300包括：Step S300 of encoding the audio data and sending the audio data to an application module includes:
    S310：采用子带编码对所述音频数据编码；S310: encode the audio data by using a subband encoding;
    S320：通过本地接口发送所述音频数据至应用模块。S320: Send the audio data to the application module through a local interface.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的音频传输方法，其特征在于，The audio transmission method according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至一音频播放设备的步骤S400包括：The step S400 of the application module sending the audio data to an audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol includes:
    S410：与所述音频播放设备建立蓝牙连接；S410: Establish a Bluetooth connection with the audio playback device;
    S420：基于蓝牙5.0协议的2Msym/s PHY for LE和GATT协议发送所述音频数据至所述音频播放设备。S420: The 2Msym / s PHY for LE and GATT protocol based on the Bluetooth 5.0 protocol sends the audio data to the audio playback device.
  5. 如权利要求4所述的音频传输方法，其特征在于，The audio transmission method according to claim 4, wherein:
    所述步骤S410中，所述音频播放设备包括支持经典蓝牙协议及低功耗蓝牙协议的音频播放设备。In step S410, the audio playback device includes an audio playback device supporting a classic Bluetooth protocol and a Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  6. 如权利要求1所述的音频传输方法，其特征在于，The audio transmission method according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述步骤S100前还包括：Before step S100, the method further includes:
    S500：切换支持的蓝牙协议至蓝牙5.0协议。S500: Switch the supported Bluetooth protocol to Bluetooth 5.0 protocol.
  7. 一种音频传输***，其特征在于，包括：An audio transmission system, comprising:
    处理模块，所述处理模块包括：A processing module, the processing module includes:
    获取单元，获取待播放音频的音频框；An obtaining unit for obtaining an audio frame of an audio to be played;
    截取单元，与所述获取单元连接，获取所述音频框并截取形成一音频数据；An intercepting unit, connected to the acquiring unit, acquiring the audio frame and intercepting to form an audio data;
    编码单元，与所述截取单元连接，对所述音频数据编码；An encoding unit connected to the interception unit and encoding the audio data;
    应用模块，与所述处理模块连接，接收所述音频数据，所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至与其连接的音频播放设备。An application module is connected to the processing module and receives the audio data, and the application module sends the audio data to an audio playback device connected thereto based on a Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  8. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon is characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
    S100’：获取待播放音频的音频框；S100 ’: Obtain an audio frame of the audio to be played;
    S200’：读取所述音频框，且所述音频框被截取形成一音频数据；S200 ': Read the audio frame, and the audio frame is intercepted to form an audio data;
    S300’：对所述音频数据编码，并发送所述音频数据至应用模块；S300 ': encode the audio data and send the audio data to an application module;
    S400’：控制所述应用模块基于蓝牙的低功耗协议发送所述音频数据至音频播放设备。S400 ': Control the application module to send the audio data to the audio playback device based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol.
  9. 一种音频播放设备，其特征在于，包括：An audio playback device, comprising:
    接收模块，基于蓝牙的低功耗协议接收一编码后的音频数据；A receiving module, which receives an encoded audio data based on the Bluetooth low energy protocol;
    解码模块，对所述音频数据解码；A decoding module that decodes the audio data;
    播放模块，播放所述音频数据。The playing module plays the audio data.
  10. 如权利要求9所述的音频播放设备，其特征在于，The audio playback device according to claim 9, wherein:
    所述接收模块还配置为：基于经典蓝牙协议接收音频数据。The receiving module is further configured to receive audio data based on a classic Bluetooth protocol.
PCT/CN2018/111481 2018-08-20 2018-10-23 Bluetooth-based audio transmission method and system, audio playing device and computer-readable storage medium WO2020037810A1 (en)

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