WO2020034926A1 - 一种带碳减排计算的智能电表*** - Google Patents

一种带碳减排计算的智能电表*** Download PDF

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WO2020034926A1
WO2020034926A1 PCT/CN2019/100275 CN2019100275W WO2020034926A1 WO 2020034926 A1 WO2020034926 A1 WO 2020034926A1 CN 2019100275 W CN2019100275 W CN 2019100275W WO 2020034926 A1 WO2020034926 A1 WO 2020034926A1
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emission reduction
module
carbon emission
carbon
reduction calculation
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PCT/CN2019/100275
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French (fr)
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崔华
杨豫森
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赫普科技发展（北京）有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R11/00—Electromechanical arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. of consumption
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters

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  • the invention relates to the technical fields of smart meters and carbon emission reduction technologies, and in particular, to a smart meter system with a carbon emission reduction calculation function.
  • Blockchain is a secure database of account books, consisting of data blocks. Users can continuously update and upgrade here.
  • blockchain can speed up transaction processing, reduce costs, reduce middlemen, improve market insight, and increase business transparency.
  • Blockchain as the underlying technology of cryptocurrency Bitcoin, can be used to combat fraud and illegal transactions.
  • many industries have begun to use blockchain technology, especially using blockchain as a tool to achieve true energy Internet technology.
  • Blockchain can play the following functions: First, to ensure trust based on the fairness of data on the blockchain, and to protect privacy by combining public and private key access rights to truly achieve privacy and credible measurement; second, to prevent tampering of the blockchain , The subject adopts a certain way to cooperate with trust or mandatory trust to achieve ubiquitous interaction under mandatory trust.
  • Third, the fusion of blockchain and big data and artificial intelligence constitutes a trusted oracle, signs external data, and implements self-discipline control of virtual and real interactions.
  • the point-to-point interactive decision-making between devices based on blockchain deployment does not require trust to be delegated to a centralized platform for decision-making, and decentralization to achieve device democracy and distributed decision-making.
  • Blockchain may disrupt markets and existing value chains, and blockchains may also create new markets by releasing previously unexplored supplies.
  • the combination of the blockchain and the energy internet metering system will provide reliable technical support for electricity trading and metering for the future development of the energy internet.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation.
  • the smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation direct collection of two types of data of power generation and carbon emission reduction can be achieved, avoiding The errors and controversies caused by manual meter reading statistics and calculations will greatly help confirm the right to carbon assets such as green certificates and carbon indicators for renewable energy generation in the future, thereby assisting the statistics and calculation of carbon assets from the hardware and increasing carbon assets. To help build a unified carbon market nationwide and even globally.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • An intelligent electricity meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation includes a central processor, a power measurement module, a carbon emission reduction calculation module, and a communication module.
  • the communication module, the power measurement module, and the carbon emission reduction calculation module are respectively Connected to the central processor; wherein:
  • the central processing unit is configured to control calculation and exchange of data
  • the power measurement module is used for one-way or two-way measurement of the power generation amount of the renewable energy power generation device
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module is configured to calculate the carbon emission reduction according to the power generation amount of the renewable resource power generation device calculated by the electricity metering module, and generate carbon emission reduction data;
  • the communication module is used for data transmission between a smart meter system and a blockchain network or a carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform.
  • a conventional electric meter and an energy router are included, the conventional electric meter includes the central processor, a power metering module, and a communication module, and the electric power metering module and the communication module of the conventional meter are respectively connected to the central processor; the energy source;
  • the router includes the carbon emission reduction calculation module and another communication module, another communication module of the energy router is connected to the carbon emission reduction calculation module, the communication module of the conventional electricity meter and another communication module of the energy router Wired or wireless communication connection, and another communication module of the energy router is also communicatively connected to a blockchain network or a carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform.
  • the smart meter includes the central processor, a power metering module, a carbon emission reduction calculation module and a communication module, the smart meter's power metering module, a carbon emission reduction calculation module and communication
  • the modules are respectively connected to a central processing unit, and the communication module of the smart meter is communicatively connected to a blockchain network or a carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform.
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module uses distributed nodes for distributed carbon emission reduction accounting, and the emission reduction data of each node cannot be tampered with. Geographically distributed in the blockchain network.
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module when the carbon emission reduction calculation module does not use the blockchain technology, the carbon emission reduction calculation module utilizes a centralized carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform to perform calculations of smart meter-coupled carbon emission reductions in a unified manner. And carbon asset management functions.
  • the electric energy measurement module and the carbon emission reduction calculation module are configured with an encryption management unit to encrypt data using hardware or software encryption, and are used to manage the encrypted information of the user.
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module adopts public chain, alliance chain or private chain technology in a blockchain network; the carbon emission reduction calculation module uses block chain technology to perform point-to-point with other blockchain nodes Carbon asset trading.
  • the communication module is one or more of RS485 communication module, RFID radio frequency module, Bluetooth module, WIFI module, 3G network module, 4G network module, 5G network module or power carrier module.
  • the operation method of the above-mentioned smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation includes the following specific steps:
  • the central processor controls the power metering module to measure the power generation amount of the renewable energy power generation device over a period of time; kWh;
  • Z total Z1 + Z2 + ... + Zn, n represents the number of renewable energy generation devices
  • the invention can realize the direct collection of two kinds of data of power generation and carbon emission reduction, avoid errors and disputes caused by manual meter reading statistics and calculations, and will greatly help green certificates and carbon indicators of renewable energy power generation in the future.
  • the carbon assets are confirmed, which helps the statistics and calculation of carbon assets from hardware, increases the credibility of carbon assets, and helps build a unified national and even global carbon market in the future.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a blockchain power trading network architecture according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for operating a smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation, which includes a central processing unit 101, a power measurement module 102, a carbon emission reduction calculation module 103, and a communication module 104.
  • the measurement module 102, the carbon emission reduction calculation module 103, and the communication module 104 are connected to the central processing unit 101; the communication module 104 is wirelessly or wiredly connected to a blockchain network or a carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform.
  • the smart electricity meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation includes a conventional electricity meter 300 and an energy router 400 having the carbon emission reduction calculation module.
  • the conventional electricity meter 300 is provided with the central processor, power Metering module and communication module;
  • the energy router 400 is provided with the carbon emission reduction calculation module and another communication module, the other communication module is connected with the carbon emission reduction calculation module, and the communication module is connected with another
  • the communication module is wired or wirelessly connected, and the other communication module is also communicatively connected to a blockchain network or a carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform.
  • the power generation amount of the renewable energy power generation device calculated by the electricity metering module of the conventional electric meter 300 is transmitted to the communication module of the conventional electric meter, and the communication module of the conventional electric meter is transmitted to another communication module of the energy router, and passes through the The other communication module of the energy router transmits to the carbon emission reduction calculation module of the energy router 400 as a basis for the carbon emission reduction.
  • the calculated carbon emission reduction amount is uploaded to the regional server through another communication module of the energy router, and finally uploaded to the blockchain network or the carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform through the regional server.
  • the smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation further includes a smart meter 100, and the smart meter 100 is provided with the central processor, a power measurement module, a carbon emission reduction calculation module, and a communication module.
  • the electricity metering module, the carbon emission reduction calculation module and the communication module of the smart meter are respectively connected to the central processing unit, and the communication module of the smart meter is connected to the blockchain network.
  • the electricity metering module of the smart meter measures the amount of electricity used and transmits it to the smart meter's carbon emission reduction calculation module through the central processing unit of the smart meter as the basis for calculating the carbon emission reduction.
  • the device is uploaded from the communication module of the smart meter to the blockchain network or the carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform.
  • the communication module is one or a combination of an RS485 communication module, an RFID radio frequency module, a Bluetooth module, a WIFI module, a 3G network module, a 4G network module, a 5G network module, or a power carrier module.
  • the wireless communication at the bottom of the building uses radio frequency wireless transmission technology. Its stability, security and confidentiality are more reliable, which is the technical prerequisite to ensure the stable operation of the charge metering system.
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module may adopt blockchain technology, and use distributed nodes to perform distributed carbon emission reduction accounting, and the emission reduction data of each node may be stored in the blockchain in a tamper-proof and distributed manner.
  • blockchain technology is used to conduct peer-to-peer carbon asset transactions with other blockchain nodes. The transaction price and transaction volume are automatically executed according to the smart contract of the blockchain.
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module may also adopt a centralized carbon emission reduction carbon asset management cloud platform without using a blockchain technology to uniformly perform the function of carbon asset management.
  • the electric energy measurement module and the carbon emission reduction calculation module are configured with an encryption management unit to encrypt data using hardware or software encryption, and are used to manage the encrypted information of the user.
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module adopts public chain, alliance chain or private chain technology in the blockchain network; the carbon emission reduction calculation module of each smart meter represents a unique ID in the blockchain network.
  • the carbon emission reduction calculation module 103 may adopt a method for calculating carbon emission reductions of renewable energy (such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation, etc.) in the CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) developed by the UNFCCC, or may be adopted by a specific country And the calculation method of carbon emission reduction approved by the local carbon market.
  • the so-called carbon emission reduction refers to, for example, a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.
  • the components of the smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation in this embodiment include, but are not limited to, the above-mentioned components, and also include the necessary components of a conventional electricity meter.
  • Embodiment 1 Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
  • the structure, composition, and connection relationship between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are the same as those of the embodiment. The difference is that this embodiment also includes a digital signal module 105, a protocol interface module 106, and a power module. 107.
  • the digital signal module 105 is connected to the central processing unit 101.
  • the protocol interface module 106 is connected to the central processing unit 101.
  • the power supply module 107 is connected to the central processing unit 101.
  • the display module 108 is connected to the central processing unit 101 and includes a liquid crystal display.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the display screen may also be other types.
  • the clock module 109 is connected to the central processing unit 101.
  • the digital signal module 105 collects digital signals or analog signals of the metering module 102 and converts the analog signals into digital signals; the protocol interface module 106 manages the communication protocol interface and receives externally input data; the power module 107 is intelligent The power meter 100 provides working power; the display module 108 displays related data; and the clock module 109 provides a running clock for the central processing unit 101.
  • the components of the smart meter system with carbon emission reduction calculation in this embodiment include, but are not limited to, the above-mentioned components, and also include the necessary components of a conventional electricity meter.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，包括中央处理器、电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块，通讯模块、电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块分别与中央处理器连接；中央处理器用于控制数据交换；电量计量模块用于电量的单向或双向计量；碳减排量计算模块根据计量可再生能源发电设备的发电量，计算出碳减排量，生成碳减排量数据；通讯模块用于实现智能电表***与区块链网络之间的数据传输。本发明能够实现发电量和碳减排量两种数据的直接采集，避免了人工抄表统计和计算所造成的误差和争议，会极大帮助未来可再生能源发电的绿色证书和碳指标等碳资产的确权，从而从硬件上帮助碳资产的统计和计算，增加碳资产的可信度。

Description

一种带碳减排计算的智能电表*** 技术领域
本发明涉及智能电表和碳减排技术领域，尤其涉及一种带碳减排量计算功能的智能电表***。
背景技术
由于电力***的独特性，从发电输电配电到用电天然形成一张超级巨大的网-电网。一端是燃煤燃气核电水电传统能源和风光等分布式可再生能源，一端是数百万计的高耗能动力装置、数亿的电力用户和未来的智能家电以及电动汽车。遍布全国各种各样的传感器在每时每刻每分每秒每毫秒微秒都会产生海量实时大数据，就构建了一个庞大的能源互联网。
能源互联网将极大地推动未来分布式能源的发展。在电源侧，随着大量可再生能源装机，电源的随机性波动将对***造成重大挑战，在负荷侧，由于电力消费结构的变化，以及电动汽车的快速发展，负荷侧的随机性和刚性将不断加剧。加上未来能源产销者建筑的出现，会使得能源的分布式计量和交易成为主流。而目前的中心化的电网控制模式和电网统一收集电表数据的方式在未来将面临巨大挑战。
2009年比特币的出现带来了一种颠覆性的成果--区块链技术，区块链是一个安全的帐簿类数据库，由一个个数据区块组成，使用者可以在这个不断更新升级的平台查找数据，对于金融机构来说，区块链 能加快交易处理过程、降低成本、减少中间人、提高市场洞察力，增加业务透明度。
区块链作为加密货币比特币的底层技术，可以用于打击欺诈和非法交易，目前很多行业都开始使用区块链技术，尤其是采用区块链作为工具实现真正的能源互联网技术。区块链可以起到的作用是：第一，基于区块链的数据公正确保信任，公私钥结合的访问权限保护隐私，真正做到私密性，可信计量；第二，区块链防篡改，主体间采用一定的方式配合信任或者强制信任，实现强制信任下泛在交互；第三，区块链和大数据以及人工智能融合构成可信任预言机，签署外部数据，实现虚实交互的自律控制；第四，基于区块链部署的设备间点对点交互式决策，不需要将信任托付于中心化平台代为决策，去中心化从而实现设备民主与分布决策；第五，各主体间基于明确的互动规则进行随机博弈，***呈现中性良性演化，符合市场化规律和竞争演化的协调性和可进化性。
区块链的作用不仅仅是去中介化。区块链可能颠覆市场及现有价值链，区块链还可能通过释放此前尚未开发的供应创造出新的市场。区块链和能源互联网计量***的结合，将为未来能源互联网的发展提供可靠的电力交易和计量的技术支持。
目前传统智能电表仅有电量计量功能，碳排放量是依靠收集的电量计量数据，然后经过特定的计算公式计算出碳减排量，这个减排量往往需要有资质的CDM的碳减排量核查机构来现场核查，不但成本高昂，而且人为因素难以避免，很多CDM或国内碳减排项目在减排量上核查机构和业主单位的统计发生差异，从而对碳交易带来不确定因素，市场上亟待出现一种能够通过硬件替代人工进行碳减排量统计 计算的技术方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，通过所述带碳减排量计算的智能电表***能够实现发电量和碳减排量两种数据的直接采集，避免了人工抄表统计和计算所造成的误差和争议，会极大帮助未来可再生能源发电的绿色证书和碳指标等碳资产的确权，从而从硬件上帮助碳资产的统计和计算，增加碳资产的可信度，帮助建立未来全国乃至全球的统一碳市场。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，包括中央处理器、电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块，所述通讯模块、电量计量模块、所述碳减排量计算模块分别与所述中央处理器连接；其中：
所述中央处理器用于控制数据的运算和交换；
所述电量计量模块用于对可再生能源发电装置的发电量的单向或双向计量；
所述碳减排量计算模块用于根据电量计量模块所计算的可再生资源发电装置的发电量，计算出碳减排量，生成碳减排量数据；
所述通讯模块用于实现智能电表***与区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台之间的数据传输。
进一步地，包括常规电表和能源路由器，所述常规电表包括有所述中央处理器、电量计量模块和通讯模块，所述常规电表的电量计量模块和通讯模块分别与中央处理器连接；所述能源路由器包括有所述碳减排量计算模块和另一通讯模块，所述能源路由器的另一通讯模块 和碳减排量计算模块连接，所述常规电表的通讯模块和能源路由器的另一通讯模块有线或无线通讯连接，所述能源路由器的另一通讯模块还通讯连接于区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台。
进一步地，包括智能电表，所述智能电表包括有所述中央处理器、电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块，所述智能电表的电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块分别连接于中央处理器，所述智能电表的通讯模块通讯连接于区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台。
进一步地，所述碳减排量计算模块采用区块链技术时，所述碳减排量计算模块利用分布式的节点进行分布式碳减排记账，每个节点的减排量数据不可篡改地分布式保存在区块链网络中。
进一步地，所述碳减排量计算模块不采用区块链技术时，所述碳减排量计算模块利用中心化的碳减排碳资产管理云平台，统一进行智能电表耦合碳减排量计算和碳资产管理的功能。
进一步地，所述电量计量模块和碳减排量计算模块通过配置加密管理单元，采用硬件或软件加密方式对数据进行加密，并用于管理用户的加密信息。
更进一步地，所述碳减排量计算模块采用区块链网络中的公有链、联盟链或私有链技术；所述碳减排量计算模块利用区块链技术与其他区块链节点进行点对点的碳资产交易。
进一步地，所述通迅模块为RS485通讯模块、RFID射频模块、蓝牙模块、WIFI模块、3G网络模块、4G网络模块、5G网络模块或电力载波模块中的一种或几种组合。
上述带碳减排量计算的智能电表***的运行方法，包括如下具体 步骤：
S1.选择可再生能源发电装置的类型；
S2.选择对应碳排放量计算的方法：1kWh电量＝X g CO2；
S3.所述中央处理器控制所述电量计量模块计量所述可再生能源发电装置在一段时间内的发电量Y kWh；
S4.所述中央处理器控制所述碳减排量计算模块计量所述可再生能源发电装置在一段时间内产生的碳减排量Z gCO2＝X*Y；
S5.同一园区或同一业主单位的可再生能源发电装置的碳排放量相加，并实时将碳排放量数据上链，形成碳资产记录；
Z总＝Z1+Z2+…+Zn，n表示可再生能源发电装置的数量；
S6.其他区块链网络节点通过所述带碳减排量计算的智能电表***购买可再生能源发电产生的碳排放量，即形成碳资产的有偿转让。
本发明的有益效果在于：
通过本发明能够实现发电量和碳减排量两种数据的直接采集，避免了人工抄表统计和计算所造成的误差和争议，会极大帮助未来可再生能源发电的绿色证书和碳指标等碳资产的确权，从而从硬件上帮助碳资产的统计和计算，增加碳资产的可信度，帮助建立未来全国乃至全球的统一碳市场。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一提供的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***的架构图。
图2为本发明实施例一的区块链电力交易网络架构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例一的一种所述的带碳减排量计算的智能电表系 统的运行方法流程图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图对本发明作进一步的描述，需要说明的是，本实施例以本技术方案为前提，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围并不限于本实施例。
实施例1
请参照图1、图2，本发明提供一种带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，包括中央处理器101、电量计量模块102、碳减排量计算模块103和通讯模块104，所述电量计量模块102、碳减排量计算模块103和通讯模块104与所述中央处理器101连接；所述通讯模块104无线或有线连接于区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台。
本实施例中，所述带碳减排量计算的智能电表***包括常规电表300和拥有所述碳减排量计算模块的能源路由器400，所述常规电表300设有所述中央处理器、电量计量模块和通讯模块；所述能源路由器400内设有所述碳减排量计算模块和另一通讯模块，所述另一通讯模块和碳减排量计算模块连接，所述通讯模块和另一通讯模块有线或无线通讯连接，所述另一通讯模块还通讯连接于区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台。常规电表300的电量计量模块计得的可再生能源发电装置的发电量传输至所述常规电表的通讯模块，所述常规电表的通讯模块传输至所述能源路由器的另一通讯模块，经过所述能源路由器的另一通讯模块传输至能源路由器400的碳减排量计算模块中作为碳减排量的依据。计算得到的碳减排量则通过所述能源路由器的另一通讯模块上传至区域服务器中，最终通过区域服务器上传至区块链网 络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台之中。
本实施例中，所述带碳减排量计算的智能电表***还包括智能电表100，所述智能电表100设有所述中央处理器、电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块，智能电表的电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块分别连接于中央处理器，所述智能电表的通讯模块连接于区块链网络。智能电表的电量计量模块计量得到用电量后通过智能电表的中央处理器传输至智能电表的碳减排量计算模块中作为碳减排量的计算依据，计算得到的碳减排量经过中央处理器从智能电表的通讯模块上传至区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台中。
本实施例中，所述通讯模块为RS485通讯模块、RFID射频模块、蓝牙模块、WIFI模块、3G网络模块、4G网络模块、5G网络模块或电力载波模块中的一种或几种组合。
其中，底层的建筑端的无线通信采用射频无线传输技术，其稳定性、安全性和保密性更加可靠，是保证收费计量***稳定运行的技术前提。
进一步地，所述碳减排量计算模块可以采用区块链技术，利用分布式的节点进行分布式碳减排记账，每个节点的减排量数据不可篡改地分布式保存在区块链网络中，利用区块链技术与其他区块链节点进行点对点的碳资产交易，交易价格和交易量根据区块链的智能合约自动执行。
所述碳减排量计算模块也可以不采用区块链技术，利用中心化的碳减排碳资产管理云平台，统一进行碳资产管理的功能。
进一步地，所述电量计量模块和碳减排计算模块通过配置加密管理单元，采用硬件或软件加密方式对数据进行加密，并用于管理用户 的加密信息。
所述碳减排量计算模块采用区块链网络中的公有链、联盟链或私有链技术；每个智能电表的碳减排量计算模块代表区块链网络中的一个唯一ID。
另外，所述碳减排量计算模块103可以采用***UNFCCC制定的CDM(清洁发展机制)中的可再生能源(例如风电、光伏发电等)的碳减排量计算方法，也可以采用特定国家认可和当地碳市场认可的碳减排量的计算方法。所谓的碳减排量，指例如二氧化碳的减少排放量。
本实施例的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***的组成部件包括但不限于上述各部件，还包括常规电表的必要组成部件。
实施例2
请参照图1、图2，本实施例与实施例1的结构、组成以及连接关系与实施方式都相同，不同之处在于，本实施例还包括数字信号模块105、协议接口模块106、电源模块107、显示模块108和时钟模块109。
本实施例中，数字信号模块105，与中央处理器101连接。
协议接口模块106，与中央处理器101连接。
电源模块107，与中央处理器101连接。
显示模块108，与中央处理器101连接，包括液晶显示屏。但本发明不以此为限制，显示屏还可以为其他类型。
时钟模块109，与中央处理器101连接。
本实施例的智能电表***在运行时：
所述数字信号模块105收集计量模块102的数字信号或模拟信号， 并将模拟信号转换为数字信号；所述协议接口模块106管理通讯协议接口和接收外部输入的数据；所述电源模块107为智能电表100提供工作电源；所述显示模块108显示相关数据；所述时钟模块109为中央处理器101提供运行时钟。
本实施例的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***的组成部件包括但不限于上述各部件，还包括常规电表的必要组成部件。
对于本领域的技术人员来说，可以根据以上的技术方案和构思，作出各种相应的改变和变形，而所有的这些改变和变形都应该包括在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，其特征在于，包括中央处理器、电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块，所述通讯模块、电量计量模块、所述碳减排量计算模块分别与所述中央处理器连接；其中：
    所述中央处理器用于控制数据的运算和交换；
    所述电量计量模块用于对可再生能源发电装置的发电量的单向或双向计量；
    所述碳减排量计算模块用于根据电量计量模块所计算的可再生资源发电装置的发电量，计算出碳减排量，生成碳减排量数据；
    所述通讯模块用于实现智能电表***与区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台之间的数据传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，其特征在于，包括常规电表和能源路由器，所述常规电表包括有所述中央处理器、电量计量模块和通讯模块，所述常规电表的电量计量模块和通讯模块分别与中央处理器连接；所述能源路由器包括有所述碳减排量计算模块和另一通讯模块，所述能源路由器的另一通讯模块和碳减排量计算模块连接，所述常规电表的通讯模块和能源路由器的另一通讯模块有线或无线通讯连接，所述能源路由器的另一通讯模块还通讯连接于区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，其特征在于，包括智能电表，所述智能电表包括有所述中央处理器、电量计量模块、碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块，所述智能电表的电量计量模块、 碳减排量计算模块和通讯模块分别连接于中央处理器，所述智能电表的通讯模块通讯连接于区块链网络或碳减排碳资产管理云平台。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的带碳减排计算的智能电表***，其特征在于，所述碳减排量计算模块采用区块链技术时，所述碳减排量计算模块利用分布式的节点进行分布式碳减排记账，每个节点的减排量数据不可篡改地分布式保存在区块链网络中。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，其特征在于，所述碳减排量计算模块不采用区块链技术时，所述碳减排量计算模块利用中心化的碳减排碳资产管理云平台，统一进行智能电表耦合碳减排量计算和碳资产管理的功能。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，其特征在于，所述电量计量模块和碳减排量计算模块通过配置加密管理单元，采用硬件或软件加密方式对数据进行加密，并用于管理用户的加密信息。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***，其特征在于，所述碳减排量计算模块采用区块链网络中的公有链、联盟链或私有链技术；所述碳减排量计算模块利用区块链技术与其他区块链节点进行点对点的碳资产交易。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的带轻钱包的智能电表***，其特征在于，所述通迅模块为RS485通讯模块、RFID射频模块、蓝牙模块、WIFI模块、3G网络模块、4G网络模块、5G网络模块或电力载波模块中的一种或几种组合。
  9. 一种如权利要求1～8任一所述的带碳减排量计算的智能电表***的运行方法，其特征在于，包括如下具体步骤：
    S1.选择可再生能源发电装置的类型；
    S2.选择对应碳排放量计算的方法：1kWh电量＝X g CO 2；
    S3.所述中央处理器控制所述电量计量模块计量所述可再生能源发电装置在一段时间内的发电量Y kWh；
    S4.所述中央处理器控制所述碳减排量计算模块计量所述可再生能源发电装置在一段时间内产生的碳减排量Z gCO 2＝X*Y；
    S5.同一园区或同一业主单位的可再生能源发电装置的碳排放量相加，并实时将碳排放量数据上链，形成碳资产记录；
    Z总＝Z1+Z2+…+Zn，n表示可再生能源发电装置的数量；
    S6.其他区块链网络节点通过所述带碳减排量计算的智能电表***购买可再生能源发电产生的碳排放量，即形成碳资产的有偿转让。
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