WO2020034077A1 - Display device and display data generating method - Google Patents

Display device and display data generating method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020034077A1
WO2020034077A1 PCT/CN2018/100329 CN2018100329W WO2020034077A1 WO 2020034077 A1 WO2020034077 A1 WO 2020034077A1 CN 2018100329 W CN2018100329 W CN 2018100329W WO 2020034077 A1 WO2020034077 A1 WO 2020034077A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
area
pixels
pixel
pattern
display device
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/100329
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tsuruma TAKEYUKI
Takatori Kenichi
Akira Sakaigawa
Yasunori Kijima
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to CN201880096199.9A priority Critical patent/CN112514075B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/100329 priority patent/WO2020034077A1/en
Publication of WO2020034077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034077A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/352—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels the areas of the RGB subpixels being different
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a display device and a display data generating method, and more particularly to a display device with an element, which detects an electromagnetic wave like light, such as a camera imaging device or an optical sensor, and a display data generating method.
  • Portable terminals such as a smartphone are known as this type of display device.
  • a portable terminal includes a display unit via which electromagnetic-wave detection elements make inputting of information by light besides display of information to a user and inputting of information by a user.
  • the present disclosure provides a display device in which the region of location of electromagnetic-wave detection elements and the region of location of a display unit do not restrict each other, and a display data generating method for the display device.
  • a display device comprising:
  • a display unit including a first area with a first pattern of pixels, and a second area with a second pattern of pixels, the second pattern of pixels having a pixel density lower than a pixel density of the first pattern of pixels;
  • a detection element disposed in the second area on a rear surface side of the display unit and configured to detect an electromagnetic wave transmitting through the second area.
  • the second area has a quarter of a pixel density of the first area.
  • one pixel in the second area includes three subpixels respectively corresponding to three colors.
  • one pixel area in the first area includes four pixels, and one pixel area in the second area is determined based on the four pixels.
  • a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect given that four input signals are R1G1B1, R2G2B2, R3G3B3 and R4G4B4 expressed by three colors of R, G and B, values of the four pixels are expressed by G1R1, G2B2, G3B3 and G4R4, and values R', G'and B'of the three subpixels are determined based on the following formulas:
  • R' ⁇ (R1+R4) /2/2 ⁇ ⁇
  • G' ⁇ (G1+G2+G3+G4) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • each of the subpixels included in the first area and the second area is a rectangle or a circle.
  • each of the subpixels included in one pixel area in the second area is arranged at an apex of a regular rectangle.
  • a center of the regular rectangle coincides with a center of the one pixel area.
  • emission areas of the first area and the second area are defined based on a life time and brightness of the display unit.
  • the display unit further includes a third area between the first area and the second area, the third area with a third pattern of pixels having a pixel density lower than the pixel density of the first pattern of pixels and higher than the pixel density of the second pattern of pixels.
  • the pixel density of the third area is half of the pixel density of the first area.
  • one pixel area in the first area includes four pixels, and one pixel area in the third area is determined based on the four pixels.
  • G1' ⁇ G1/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • G2' ⁇ G4/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • ⁇ denotes an adjustment coefficient
  • a display mode for displaying an image in the second area includes a first mode and a second mode, the second mode allowing the image to be displayed in the second area at a brightness lower than a brightness in the first mode.
  • an image of an icon is displayed in the second area.
  • the display device is an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display or a micro LED (Light Emitting Diode) display.
  • the second area has an aperture at a position corresponding to at least one of the detection elements.
  • a display device comprising:
  • a display unit including a first area with pixels at a high density and a second area with pixels at a low density, the second area allowing therethrough of an electromagnetic wave signal input to an electromagnetic-wave detection element to be transmitted;
  • a first conversion unit configured to convert an input signal into a first signal to be given to the first area
  • a second conversion unit configured to convert the first signal into a second signal to be given to the second area, values of individual colors included in the second signal being set based on values of individual colors included in the first signal.
  • values of four pixels included in one pixel area in the first area are expressed by G1R1, G2B2, G3B3 and G4R4, and values R', G'and B'of three subpixels included in one pixel area in the second area are determined based on the following formulas:
  • R' ⁇ (R1+R4) /2/2 ⁇ ⁇
  • G' ⁇ (G1+G2+G3+G4) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • ⁇ denotes an adjustment coefficient
  • the display unit further includes a third area between the first area and the second area, the third area having a pixel density lower than a pixel density of the first area and higher than a pixel density of the second area.
  • one pixel area of the third area is determined based on the four pixels.
  • values R', G1', G2'and B'of four subpixels included in the one pixel area in the third area are determined based on the following formulas:
  • G1' ⁇ G1/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • G2' ⁇ G4/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • ⁇ denotes an adjustment coefficient
  • a display-data generating method for a display device comprising a display unit including a first area with a first pattern of pixels, and a second area with a second pattern of pixels, the second pattern of pixels having a pixel density lower than a pixel density of the first pattern of pixels, and a detection element disposed in the second area on a rear surface side of the display unit and configured to detect an electromagnetic wave transmitting through the second area, the method comprising:
  • values of four pixels included in one pixel of the first area are expressed by G1R1, G2B2, G3B3 and G4R4, and the generating a signal of the second pattern of pixels determines values R', G'and B'of three subpixels included in one pixel area in the second area based on the following formulas:
  • R' ⁇ (R1+R4) /2/2 ⁇ ⁇
  • G' ⁇ (G1+G2+G3+G4) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • ⁇ denotes an adjustment coefficient
  • a display mode for displaying an image in the second area includes a first mode and a second mode, the second mode allows the image to be displayed at a brightness lower than a brightness in the first mode.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the third pattern of pixels having a pixel density lower than the pixel density of the first pattern of pixels and higher than the pixel density of the second pattern of pixels.
  • a fourth possible implementation of the third aspect given that four input signals are R1G1B1, R2G2B2, R3G3B3 and R4G4B4 expressed by three colors of R, G and B, values of four pixels included in one pixel of the first area are expressed by G1R1, G2B2, G3B3 and G4R4, and the generating a signal of the third pattern of pixels determines values R', G'1, G'2 and B'of four subpixels included in one pixel area in the third area based on the following formulas:
  • G1' ⁇ G1/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • G2' ⁇ G4/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • ⁇ denotes an adjustment coefficient
  • a computer program for causing a computer to execute the method according to any one of the third aspect and the first to fourth possible implementations of the third aspect.
  • a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a computer to execute the method according to any one of the third aspect and the first to fourth possible implementations of the third aspect.
  • a pixel in a low-resolution area includes subpixels similar to those of an input signal, and has a resolution lower than the resolution of the input signal. Therefore, the display area of the display unit can be extended to above the detection elements.
  • FIG. 1A Fig. 1A is a front view of a part of a smartphone which is a display device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 1B Fig. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a low-resolution area of the smartphone shown in Fig. 1A;
  • FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of a high-resolution area of the smartphone shown in Fig. 1A;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the functional configuration of a display device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the structure of pixels of a display unit according to an embodiment
  • Fig. 3B is a diagram showing the structure of pixels of a display unit according to an embodiment
  • Fig. 4A is a diagram showing the arrangement of subpixels included in a pixel in the low-resolution area
  • Fig. 4B is a diagram showing the arrangement of subpixels included in a pixel in the low-resolution area
  • Fig. 5A is a flowchart showing a process of converting an input signal into an output signal
  • Fig. 5B is a diagram for describing the process of converting an input signal into an output signal
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a display unit of a conventional smartphone
  • Fig. 7 is a front view of a part of a smartphone which is a display device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the functional configuration of a display device according to an embodiment
  • Fig. 9A is a diagram showing the structure of pixels of a display unit according to an embodiment
  • Fig. 9B is a diagram showing the structure of pixels of a display unit according to an embodiment
  • Fig. 10A is a flowchart showing a process of converting an input signal into an output signal
  • Fig. 10B is a diagram for describing the process of converting an input signal into an output signal
  • Fig. 11 is a diagram for describing advantages of an embodiment
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram showing examples of display images in high-resolution area, a low-resolution area, and a comparative example
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram showing examples of a display image in a low-resolution area.
  • Fig. 14 is a front view of a part of a smartphone which is a display device according to an embodiment.
  • Fig. 1A partially shows a front view of a smartphone which is a display device according to a first embodiment.
  • the smartphone 1 includes a display unit 100 constituted by an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display having organic light emitting diodes (hereinafter, referred to as OLEDs) as emission elements.
  • OLEDs organic light emitting diodes
  • the display has an array of red (R) , green (G) and blue (B) display elements.
  • the display unit 100 includes a low-resolution area 101 and a high-resolution area 102. In this embodiment, as will be described later, the low-resolution area 101 and the high-resolution area 102 serve as a single continual display area.
  • the low-resolution area 101 and the high-resolution area 102 together display a single image
  • the low-resolution area 101 displays an image of, for example, a highly-visible icon
  • the high-resolution area 102 displays a high-definition image.
  • the application of the present disclosure is not limited to a display unit having OLEDs as display elements.
  • OLEDs Light Emitting Diode
  • liquid crystal elements for the display elements.
  • Fig. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the low-resolution area 101.
  • the low-resolution area 101 is configured in such a way that a display drive layer 105 for causing emission of display elements made of OLEDs to display an image, and a deflecting plate 104 for controlling light transmitting through the display unit 100 are laminated on a glass substrate 107.
  • a detection layer 108 is provided under the glass substrate 107.
  • the detection layer 108 includes an infrared sensor 108A behind an icon for vibrating phone.
  • the infrared sensor 108A is an example of an electromagnetic-wave detection element.
  • the electromagnetic-wave detection element may include an element such as an infrared camera, an optical sensor, an infrared sensor, an infrared projector for face recognition and an infrared communication interface. Any electromagnetic-wave detection element is configured to detect an electromagnetic wave radiated from or reflected at a detection target positioned on an upper side in Fig. 1B.
  • the glass substrate 107, the display drive layer 105 and the deflecting plate 104 are configured to allow transmission of an electromagnetic wave input to an electromagnetic-wave detection element.
  • OLEDs, a molybdenum layer, an electrode and the like (portions surrounded by broken lines in Fig. 1B) in the display drive layer 105 have a property to shield the electromagnetic wave as will be described below.
  • the density of the OLEDs (emission elements) in the low-resolution area 101 is set lower to reduce the amount of light to be shielded.
  • the display drive layer 105 is configured in such a way as to have, on a first SiO 2 layer 1001, a lamination of a second SiO 2 layer 1002, a first intermediate dielectric layer 1003, a second intermediate dielectric layer 1007, a planarizing film 1010 made of polyimide, a first mixed film 1013 made of SiN x /SiO x , a sealing thin film 1019 for inhibiting injection of water and oxygen, and a second mixed film 1020 made of SiN x /SiO x .
  • the display drive layer 105 includes inside a thin film transistor (TFT) 1011, a capacitive element 1006 including molybdenum layers 1023 and 1024, and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) 1022, a combination of which forms a circuit for emission from a single-color emission element.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • the TFT 1011 includes a source electrode/drain electrode 1008, 1009 connected to a low-temperature polysilicon layer 1004 inside the second SiO 2 layer 1002, and a gate electrode 1005 provided in the first intermediate dielectric layer 1003.
  • the OLED 1022 includes an emission organic layer 1017 between pixel isolation layers 1014 and 1015 provided inside the first mixed film 1013.
  • the emission organic layer 1017 is connected to the TFT 1011 via a first electrode 1012 made of ITO/Ag/ITO.
  • a second electrode 1018 made of MgAg is provided on the emission organic layer 1017.
  • a single emission organic layer 1017 constitutes a single display element, and the size of a subpixel is defined by the size of the emission organic layer 1017.
  • a single display element is formed of, but not limited to, any one of R, G and B subpixels.
  • the capacitive element 1006 is electrically connected to the TFT 1011.
  • the TFT 1011 serves as a switch for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal of each subpixel, and when pixel data in a subpixel is held in the capacitive element 1006, a current flows through the first electrode 1012 by means of the TFT 1011 according to the voltage of the pixel data, causing emission from the OLED 1022.
  • the molybdenum layers 1023 and 1024, the gate electrode 1005, and the source electrode/drain electrode 1008, 1009 have a light shielding property.
  • Other areas are formed of materials which pass an electromagnetic wave like light therethrough.
  • Fig. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the high-resolution area 102.
  • the high-resolution area 102 like the low-resolution area 101, has a display drive layer 106 and the deflecting plate 104 provided on the glass substrate 107. Further, in the high-resolution area 102, unlike in the low-resolution area 101, a touch sensor 103 for detecting an instruction to the smartphone 1 given by a human finger or the like is laminated on the deflecting plate 104.
  • the display drive layer 106 also includes another set of an OLED 1022, a TFT 1011 and a capacitive element 1006.
  • a display device 200 includes a signal processing unit 202, a display control unit 204, and the display unit 100.
  • the signal processing unit 202 processes an input signal input from a control device to generate an output signal.
  • the input signal has a combination of R, G and B values each ranging, for example, between 0 and 255.
  • the signal processing unit 202 converts this input signal into an output signal (display data) to be reproduced on the display unit 100, and sends the output signal to the display control unit 204.
  • the input signal is a combination of the R, G and B values corresponding to pixels constituting an image to be displayed
  • the output signal is a combination of the values of subpixels corresponding to each display element for each of the low-resolution area 101 and the high-resolution area 102 as will be described below.
  • the signal processing unit 202 includes an SPR-Aunit 214 that performs first subpixel rendering (SPR) on an input value carried by the input signal to generate a signal of a first pattern of pixels to be displayed in the high-resolution area 102, and an SPR-B unit 216 that further performs second subpixel rendering on the signal of the first pattern of pixels to generate a signal of a second pattern of pixels to be displayed in the low-resolution area 101.
  • SPR first subpixel rendering
  • the display control unit 204 controls emission of display elements corresponding to the subpixels of the display unit 100 based on the pixel-by-pixel output signals from the signal processing unit 202.
  • the display control unit 204 performs control to display an image in the high-resolution area 102 based on the signal of the first pattern of pixels, and displays an image in the low-resolution area 101 based on the signal of the second pattern of pixels.
  • the units 202 and 204 may be implemented via processing unit (s) .
  • the processing unit (s) may include application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) logic, graphics processor (s) , general purpose processor (s) , or the like.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the units 202 and 204 may be implemented via hardware, imaging dedicated hardware, or the like.
  • Fig. 3A shows an example of a pattern of pixels when subpixels corresponding to display elements are rectangles
  • Fig. 3B shows an example of a pattern of pixels when subpixels corresponding to display elements are circles.
  • Those diagrams differ from each other merely in the shapes and sizes of subpixels, and are identical in what is shown, so that the following description will be given with reference only to Fig. 3A.
  • a pixel area 301 indicates a pixel area comprised of a single pixel
  • a pixel area 302 indicates a pixel area comprised of four pixels.
  • the low-resolution area 101 has a quarter of the resolution of the high-resolution area 102. That is, one pixel of display data in the low-resolution area 101 corresponds to four pixels of display data in the high-resolution area 102.
  • the pixel area (pixel) 301 of the low-resolution area 101 is expressed by display data of an R subpixel, a G subpixel and a B subpixel.
  • the subpixels that cause emission from R, G and B display elements are respectively referred to as R subpixel, G subpixel and B subpixel.
  • Each of four pixels 302A, 302B, 302C and 302D is expressed by display data of two subpixels.
  • the pixel 302A includes a G subpixel 3021 and an R subpixel 3022
  • the pixel 302B includes a G subpixel 3023 and a B subpixel 3024
  • the pixel 302C includes a G subpixel 3025 and a B subpixel 3026
  • the pixel 302D includes a G subpixel 3027 and an R subpixel 3028.
  • the pixel area (emission area) is designed in consideration of the trade-off between the life time and brightness of the display unit, the R subpixel, the G subpixel and the B subpixel differ from one another in size. Since a blue emission element generally has faster deterioration and shorter life time, the device is designed in such a way as to elongate the life time of the emission element by increasing the area of the emission area of the blue emission element to reduce the current density.
  • the subpixels of individual colors included in the pixels 302A to 302D have larger emission areas than the subpixels of the corresponding colors of the pixel area 301.
  • the quantity (density) of subpixels that is, display elements included in the pixel area 301 in the low-resolution area 101 is smaller than that of the pixel area 302 in the high-resolution area 102. Accordingly, at the time a detection element located on the rear surface side of the display unit detects a target located on the front surface side of the display unit, the ratio of the light (electromagnetic wave) which is shielded by the display element can be reduced, thus achieving the transmittance of the light needed for detection.
  • Fig. 4A shows the pixel area 301 shown in Fig. 3A.
  • a rectangular R subpixel 3011, a rectangular G subpixel 3012, and a rectangular B subpixel 3013 are arranged in such a way that the center of the rectangular pixel indicated by a mark " ⁇ " in the left-hand figure substantially coincides with the center of a regular triangle formed by connecting the centers of the subpixels and indicated by a mark " ⁇ " in the right-hand figure.
  • the distance between the individual subpixels may be set less than the distance from each subpixel to a nearest one of the subpixels included in an adjoining pixel.
  • FIG. 4B shows the area shown in Fig. 3B.
  • a circular R subpixel, a circular G subpixel, and a circular B subpixel are arranged in such a way that the center of the rectangular pixel indicated by a mark " ⁇ " in the left-hand figure substantially coincides with the center of a regular triangle formed by connecting the centers of the subpixels and indicated by a mark " ⁇ " in the right-hand figure.
  • Arranging subpixels symmetrically from the center of a pixel in the above manner enables display control in such a way that even if the orientation of a cellular phone, for example, is changed, the quality of an image does not vary.
  • Fig. 5A is a flowchart showing the procedures of the process of converting an input signal into an output signal.
  • a plurality of input signals are converted to generate signals of individual pixels in the high-resolution area.
  • subpixel rendering SPR
  • SPR-A subpixel rendering
  • Anti-aliasing of an OLED serving as a display element can be taken into consideration by the generation of a pixel signal comprised of two subpixels in this way.
  • the generated signal of each pattern of pixels in the high-resolution area is converted to generate a signal of a pattern of pixels in the low-resolution area (signal of a second pattern of pixels) .
  • subpixel rendering is performed to generate a signal comprised of three subpixels per pixel (SPR-B) .
  • the input signals have R, G and B values as display data, and are expressed by R1G1B1, R2G2B2, R3G3B3, and R4G4B4, respectively, in the inputting order.
  • single subpixels B1, R2, R3, B4, ... are respectively eliminated from pixels R1G1B1, R2G2B2, R3G3B3, R4G4B4, ... within the input signals, thereby generating pairs of two subpixels G1R1, G2B2, G3B3, G4R4, ....
  • the values of the subpixels in each subpixel pair are obtained.
  • This process can be carried out by, for example, an SPR filter (3 ⁇ 3 filter) .
  • the value of each subpixel is determined using data around 3 ⁇ 3 display data with the target subpixel being centered.
  • a signal of a pattern of pixels which is generated for the high-resolution area is converted to generate a signal of a pattern of pixels which is generated for the low-resolution area.
  • This process is carried out by generating the signal of the pattern of pixels in such a way that a single R subpixel, a single G subpixel, and a single B subpixel are included within a single pixel.
  • the high-resolution area includes four sets of pixels in a single pixel area, whereas the low-resolution area includes one set of pixels in a single pixel area, so that the resolution of the low-resolution area is quarter of the resolution of the high-resolution area.
  • the values R', G'and B'of the three colors of subpixels (magnitude of the current) in one pixel area in the low-resolution area are determined using the following formulas:
  • R' ⁇ (R1+R4) /2/2 ⁇ ⁇
  • G' ⁇ (G1+G2+G3+G4) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • a single R subpixel, a single G subpixel, and a single B subpixel are included within a single pixel in the low-resolution area.
  • electromagnetic-wave detection elements for performing detection via the low-resolution area are provided on the rear surface side of the low-resolution area, thus making it possible to widen the display area of the display unit.
  • the conventional smartphone has a notch 601 provided in the display unit, and the electromagnetic-wave detection elements are implemented in the notch portion as shown in Fig. 6.
  • implementing sensors directly under the display can achieve a full-view display.
  • a signal of a pattern of pixels in the low-resolution area can be generated for each pixel area without complicated calculation using information on pixels across a boundary of different resolution areas.
  • the display device is configured as a smartphone according to this embodiment, the display device may be configured as an information processing device, such as a cellular phone or a tablet terminal, in some embodiments.
  • an information processing device such as a cellular phone or a tablet terminal, in some embodiments.
  • Fig. 7 is partially shows a front view of a smartphone which is a display device according to a second embodiment.
  • the display unit 100 of the smartphone 1 includes a compensation area 110 between the low-resolution area 101 and the high-resolution area 102.
  • the signal processing unit 202 includes, in addition to the SPR-Aunit 214 and the SPR-B unit 216, an SPR-C unit 802 for further performing third subpixel rendering on the signal of the first pattern of pixels to generate a signal of a third pattern of pixels to be displayed in the compensation area 110.
  • Fig. 9A shows an example of a pattern of pixels when subpixels corresponding to the display elements are rectangles
  • Fig. 9B shows an example of a pattern of pixels when subpixels corresponding to the display elements are circles.
  • Those diagrams differ from each other merely in the shapes and sizes of subpixels, and are identical in what is shown, so that the following description will be given with reference only to Fig. 9A.
  • Fig. 9A shows an example of the structure of a pixel including rectangular subpixels.
  • the low-resolution area 101, the compensation area 110 and the high-resolution area 102 are continual, and have different patterns of pixels.
  • a pixel area 901 indicates a pixel area comprised of two pixels.
  • the compensation area 110 has a half of the resolution of the high-resolution area 102. That is, two pixels of display data in the compensation area 110 correspond to four pixels of display data in the high-resolution area 102.
  • the pixel area 901 is expressed by display data including a single R subpixel, two G subpixels, and a single B subpixel.
  • Two pixels 901A and 901B in the pixel area 901 in the compensation area 110 are each expressed by display data of two subpixels.
  • the pixel 901A includes a G subpixel 9011 and a B subpixel 9012
  • the pixel 901B includes a G subpixel 9013 and an R subpixel 9014.
  • the size of the subpixel area varies depending on the life time of each emission element. Since a blue emission element generally has faster deterioration and shorter life time, the device is designed in such a way as to elongate the life time of the emission element by increasing the area of the emission area of the blue emission element to reduce the current density.
  • the brightness of subpixels of the individual colors included in the pixel area 901 are adjusted gradually toward the low-resolution area from the high-resolution area. It should be noted however that as the brightness increases, the current density increases, which would shorten the life time of the emission element. Accordingly, the life times of the individual emission elements can be set to about the same life time by tuning up the current densities for the individual colors by adjusting the areas of the emission elements. In other words, the pixels are varied in such a way as to have larger emission areas toward pixels adjacent to the high-resolution area 102 from pixels adjacent to the low-resolution area 101 according to the locations of the pixels.
  • Fig. 10A is a flowchart showing the procedures of the process of converting an input signal into an output signal.
  • display data R1G1B1, R2G2B2, R3G3B3, R4G4B4, ... are input in the order of pixels indicated by the numerals "1” , "2” , “3” , "4" and so forth.
  • the foregoing SPR-Aand SPR-B are performed on those input signals (S502, S504) .
  • subpixel rendering SPR-C is performed based on the data generated through the SPR-Ain parallel with the SPR-B. That is, in S1006, a signal of a third pattern of pixels to be displayed in the compensation area, which has a pixel density lower than the pixel density of the first pattern of pixels and higher than the pixel density of the second pattern of pixels, is generated.
  • a signal of a pattern of pixels for the compensation area is generated based on the signal of the pattern of pixels generated for the high-resolution area, that is, four pixels G1R1, G2B2, G3B3, and G4R4.
  • This process is carried out by generating the signal of the pattern of pixels in such a way that a single R subpixel, two G subpixels, and a single B subpixel are included within a single pixel area.
  • the high-resolution area includes four sets of pixels in a single pixel area, whereas the compensation area includes two sets of pixels in a single pixel area, so that the resolution of the compensation area is half of the resolution of the high-resolution area.
  • G1' ⁇ G1/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • G2' ⁇ G4/2+ (G2+G3) /4 ⁇ ⁇
  • an image can be changed seamlessly between the low-resolution area and the high-resolution area.
  • the signal of the pattern of pixels in the compensation area can be generated pixel by pixel without considering adjoining pixels.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 show the advantages of this embodiment.
  • the example shown in Fig. 11 shows the result of comparison of displayed images when circular subpixels are used.
  • the row indicated by “PATTERN” shows patterns of pixels in the high-resolution area (Hi-Reso) , the low-resolution area (Low-Reso1) and a comparative example (Low-Reso2) in order from the left.
  • "QUALITY” shows the results of actually observing images the low-resolution area, " ⁇ " indicating a good quality while "x” indicates a poor quality.
  • Fig. 12 shows displayed images in (1) the high-resolution area, (2) the low-resolution area and (3) the comparative example of the low-resolution area in order from above.
  • the comparative example includes two subpixels in a single pixel.
  • the pattern of pixels in the comparative example corresponds to an example where eight subpixels G1R1, G2B2, G3B3, G4B4 included in a single pixel in the high-resolution area are simply reduced to a quarter.
  • the brightness at the time of displaying an image in the low-resolution area may be controlled. Perception of the contrast changes according to the ambient environment (Bartleson Breneman effect) .
  • the mode for controlling the brightness of the low-resolution area can be selected using the difference in vision. A boost mode and a normal mode may be provided as this mode.
  • the brightness of the low-resolution area may be set to 100%of the brightness of the high-resolution area.
  • the brightness of the low-resolution area may be set to 60 to 70%of the brightness of the high-resolution area.
  • the current that is applied in boost mode should be greater than that in normal mode, and the value of the current may be set according to the sizes of the individual pixels.
  • Fig. 13 shows a display example of images in the low-resolution area according to this embodiment, in which example the upper image has a brightness of 100%and the lower image has a brightness of 60%. As shown in the diagram, it is apparent that images of icons displayed in the black background has a good visibility even when the brightness is reduced.
  • the use of the low-resolution area for displaying the image of an icon makes a change in displayed image less recognizable while reducing the consumption power in normal mode.
  • Fig. 14 shows the external appearance of a smartphone which is a display device according to another embodiment.
  • a low-resolution area of a display unit may be configured not to cover some sensors.
  • the display unit according to this embodiment has an aperture 108C provided at a position corresponding to a lens of a camera 108B. In this way, the area to be covered with the low-resolution area may be adaptively designed according to the sensitivities of detection elements and requirements.
  • each step of the foregoing method may be completed by using an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor of a display device or an instruction in a form of a computer program.
  • the steps of the method disclosed with reference to the embodiments of the present invention may be directly performed by a hardware processor, or may be performed by using a combination of hardware in the processor and a program module.
  • the program module may be located in a mature computer-readable storage medium in the art, such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, or a register.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory.
  • the processor reads information in the memory and completes the steps in the foregoing method in combination with the hardware of the processor.

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