WO2020029450A1 - Dispositif phm monté sur un train et train à grande vitesse - Google Patents

Dispositif phm monté sur un train et train à grande vitesse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020029450A1
WO2020029450A1 PCT/CN2018/114087 CN2018114087W WO2020029450A1 WO 2020029450 A1 WO2020029450 A1 WO 2020029450A1 CN 2018114087 W CN2018114087 W CN 2018114087W WO 2020029450 A1 WO2020029450 A1 WO 2020029450A1
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Prior art keywords
train
phm
data
board
fpga
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PCT/CN2018/114087
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈建峰
雷平振
高锦慧
石永进
阳咏梅
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中车永济电机有限公司
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Publication of WO2020029450A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020029450A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of train safety equipment, in particular to a train-mounted PHM equipment and a high-speed rail train.
  • PHM Prognostic and Health Management
  • the rail transit field not only has a larger passenger capacity, a wider coverage area and lower costs, but the PHM technology in the rail transit industry is still in its infancy, and the high-speed rail trains are still only increasing. Some sensors are used to detect whether the fault has occurred. Compared to the way that the fault has been found, the approach to discover the upcoming fault and deal with it before it happens obviously has higher safety. The most important part of the train is power traction. Any part of the system and the braking system can cause serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to extend PHM technology to the field of rail transit.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a train-mounted PHM device, which is applied to high-speed rail trains, and uses information acquisition devices to collect equipment operation data of train traction motors, and to communicate with PHM standard data (including the entire life cycle of equipment) stored in the train PHM diagnostic device. Under running data), the running status of the traction motor of the train is determined after comparison and analysis, so that it can predict whether a fault will occur in the next period of time based on the running status.
  • the present invention extends the PHM technology to the field of rail transportation, which is different from the traditional use of sensors
  • the on-board PHM equipment provided by the present invention can be used to analyze and compare the actual operating data of the equipment and the PHM standard data to find the upcoming faults and deal with them before they occur. Further improve the safety of high-speed rail trains.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed rail train including the on-board PHM equipment of the train in a traction system.
  • the present invention provides a train-mounted PHM device, including:
  • a signal acquisition device connected to a sensor provided on a traction motor of the train and configured to collect equipment operation data fed back by the sensor;
  • the train PHM diagnostic device is connected to the signal acquisition device through a connector, and is configured to diagnose the current running state of the train traction motor according to the equipment operation data and pre-stored PHM standard data;
  • the power supply module is connected to the sensor, the signal acquisition device, and the train PHM diagnostic device, and is used to provide the sensors, the signal acquisition device, and the train PHM diagnostic device with voltages required for normal work, respectively.
  • the signal acquisition device includes:
  • a signal conditioning circuit connected to the sensor and configured to perform preprocessing and anti-aliasing filtering on the received device operation data to obtain processed data;
  • An analog-to-digital converter the input end of which is connected to the output end of the signal conditioning circuit, and the output end is connected to the input end of the FPGA information acquisition board, which is used to convert the processed data which is an analog quantity into a digital quantity;
  • An output terminal of the FPGA data acquisition acceleration board is connected to an input terminal of the train PHM diagnostic device, and is used for multi-channel synchronous data acquisition and processing by using FPGA's heterogeneous acceleration function.
  • the signal acquisition device further includes:
  • the device operation data recording module is connected to the FPGA data acquisition acceleration board and is used to record and store digital device operation data.
  • the train PHM diagnostic device includes:
  • a data storage module is used to store the PHM standard data and a preset PHM diagnosis algorithm; an FPGA data diagnosis acceleration board is connected to the data storage module and the FPGA data acquisition acceleration board, and is used to utilize the FPGA
  • the heterogeneous acceleration function simultaneously performs data diagnosis operations between the train running data and the PHM standard data in multiple channels.
  • the data storage module is a disk storage array.
  • the number of acquisition channels of the signal acquisition device is the same as the number of types of the sensors.
  • the train's on-board PHM equipment also includes:
  • Data transmission interface one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the train PHM diagnostic device, and the other end is connected to the train information display system through the train bus, and is used for diagnosis obtained according to the equipment operation data and the standard PHM data.
  • the diagnosis result of the train traction motor is sent to the train information display system.
  • the train's on-board PHM equipment also includes:
  • a diagnostic result discriminating device which is connected to the train PHM diagnostic device, and is configured to determine a current fault level of the train traction motor according to the received diagnostic result of the train traction motor, and generate the current fault level when the current fault level exceeds a preset level Failure warning signal.
  • the size of the chassis of the train-mounted PHM device is specifically 3U.
  • the present invention also provides a high-speed rail train including a traction system and a braking system, and the traction system includes a preset number of traction motors for the train, and the traction system further includes as described above.
  • Train on-board PHM equipment including a traction system and a braking system, and the traction system includes a preset number of traction motors for the train, and the traction system further includes as described above.
  • the on-board PHM equipment provided by the present invention is applied to high-speed rail trains.
  • the information collection device is used to collect the equipment operation data of the train traction motor, and the PHM standard data stored in the train PHM diagnostic device (including the full life of the equipment)
  • the running data under the cycle is compared and analyzed to determine the running status of the train traction motor, so that it can predict whether a fault will occur in the next period of time based on the running status.
  • the present invention extends the PHM technology to the field of rail transit, which is different from traditional use Sensors are used to discover the faults that have occurred on the train.
  • the train-mounted PHM device provided by the present invention can analyze and compare the actual operation data of the equipment with the PHM standard data to find out the impending faults and deal with them before they occur. To further improve the safety of high-speed rail trains.
  • the invention also provides a high-speed rail train provided with the on-board PHM equipment of the train, which has the above-mentioned beneficial effects, and is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a train-mounted PHM device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal acquisition device 20 in a train-mounted PHM device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a train PHM diagnostic device 30 in a train-mounted PHM device provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another train-mounted PHM device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic connection diagram of another train-mounted PHM device used in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a train-mounted PHM equipment and a high-speed rail train.
  • the information acquisition device is used to collect the equipment operation data of the train traction motor, and the PHM standard data stored in the train PHM diagnostic device (including the equipment operating under the full life cycle) (Data) After the comparison and analysis, the operation status of the traction motor of the train is determined to predict whether a fault will occur in the next period of time based on the operation status.
  • the invention extends the PHM technology to the field of rail transit, which is different from the traditional use of sensors to find
  • the faults that have occurred on the train can be further improved through the on-board PHM equipment provided by the present invention, which can be analyzed and compared with the actual operation data of the equipment and the PHM standard data, and the upcoming faults can be found and processed before they occur, which can be further improved.
  • Safety of high-speed rail trains can be provided by the present invention, which can be analyzed and compared with the actual operation data of the equipment and the PHM standard data, and the upcoming faults can be found and processed before they occur, which can be further improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a train-mounted PHM device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the train-mounted PHM device includes:
  • the signal acquisition device 20 is connected to a sensor 11 provided on the train traction motor 10, and is configured to collect equipment operation data fed back by the sensor 11;
  • various sensors such as acceleration sensors, voltage sensors, current sensors, speed sensors, and temperature sensors can be set. According to the actual model of the train traction motor, it can be flexible. A number of different types of sensors are selected to collect equipment operating data for train traction motors. In order to receive data collected by various types of sensors, it can be implemented by multiple sub-signal acquisition boards or setting up multiple signal acquisition channels on a large signal acquisition board.
  • the raw device operation data collected by the sensor may have a problem of inconspicuous features. Therefore, it may also be pre-processed including signal processing, anti-aliasing processing, amplification, reduction, etc.
  • the pre-processed equipment operating data can better reflect the characteristics and failure points, while reducing the proportion of unnecessary partial signals.
  • FPGA heterogeneous acceleration function can also be introduced, that is, the hardware acceleration function brought about by the special structure of FPGA can be used to synchronize the bus clock and message synchronization, so as to realize the collection and processing of the collected device operation data in multiple channels at the same time.
  • the signal conditioning circuit 21 is connected to the sensor 11 and is configured to perform preprocessing and anti-aliasing filtering on the received device operation data to obtain processed data;
  • the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 22 is connected to the output terminal of the signal conditioning circuit 21, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the FPGA information acquisition board 23, and is used to convert the processed data which is an analog quantity into a digital quantity;
  • FPGA data acquisition acceleration board 23 the output end is connected to the input end of the train PHM diagnostic device 30, and is used for multi-channel synchronous data acquisition and processing using the heterogeneous acceleration function of FPGA;
  • the device operation data recording module 24 is connected to the FPGA data acquisition acceleration board 23 and is used to record and store the device operation data as a digital quantity.
  • the equipment operation data recording module 24 is configured to record and store equipment operation data stored in a digital quantity for later retrospective use.
  • the train PHM diagnostic device 30 is connected to the signal acquisition device 20 through a connector, and is configured to diagnose the current running state of the train traction motor 10 according to equipment operation data and pre-stored PHM standard data;
  • the PHM standard data stores equipment operation data and characteristic data of various types of occurrences during the full life cycle of the train traction motor 10. These data can be based on aging tests or placed in life testing machines to simulate real working conditions as much as possible. Obtained from the situation, the data is complete, including the omen before each fault, the actual occurrence, mild, moderate, severe, and completely scrapped, and the PHM standard is finally summarized based on the characteristics of the operating data of each stage.
  • the current operating status of the traction motor 10 can be determined based on the similarity of the characteristics by comparing with the actual operating data of the equipment collected, including whether a fault has occurred and whether it may cause some Symptom characteristics of the fault, the occurrence of the fault, the traction motor can continue to use for a long time or continue to drive without causing a safety fault and other diagnostic results.
  • the hardware acceleration function of the FPGA can also be used to accelerate this process.
  • a data storage module 31 configured to store standard PHM data and a preset PHM diagnosis algorithm
  • the FPGA data diagnosis acceleration board 32 is connected to the data storage module 31 and the FPGA data acquisition acceleration board 23, and is used to utilize the heterogeneous acceleration function of the FPGA to simultaneously perform data diagnosis operations between train operation data and PHM standard data in multiple channels. .
  • the PHM standard data stored in the data storage module 31 and the preset PHM diagnostic algorithm are core components of the train-mounted PHM device provided by the present invention. It is necessary to provide a better level of security protection for it.
  • the data storage module 31 is set in the form of a disk storage array to protect important data stored therein.
  • RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks
  • RAID levels RAID levels
  • the formed disk group is like a hard disk, and users can partition, format, etc. .
  • the operation of the disk array is exactly the same as a single hard disk.
  • the difference is that the storage speed of the disk array is much higher than that of a single hard disk, and it can provide automatic data backup.
  • the function of data backup is that once user data is damaged, the backup information can be used to restore the damaged data, thereby ensuring the security of user data.
  • the power supply module 40 is connected to the sensors 11, the signal acquisition device 20, and the train PHM diagnostic device 30, and is used to provide the sensors 11, the signal acquisition device 20, and the train PHM diagnostic device 30 with voltages required for normal work, respectively.
  • a data transmission interface that is connected to the output of the train PHM diagnostic device 30 through one end and connected to the train information display system through the train bus at the other end will be obtained after diagnosis based on equipment operating data and standard PHM data.
  • the diagnosis result of the train traction motor is sent to the train information display system, so that the train management personnel can monitor the running status and diagnosis result of the traction motor from the train information display system in time.
  • a diagnosis result judging device connected to the train PHM diagnosis device 30 may be provided, which may determine the current failure level of the train traction motor 10 according to the received diagnosis result of the train traction motor, and when the current failure level exceeds a preset level , Generate fault early warning signals, can assist train managers to monitor high-risk faults.
  • the chassis size of the train's on-board PHM equipment is preferably 3U, that is, the chassis has twice the standard case length and width, and three times the standard case thickness. Based on the 3U standard chassis and function board configuration, it can flexibly implement one-to-one, one-to-two, one-to-three, or one-to-four fault diagnosis and early warning functions of on-board PHM equipment and train traction motors. Conducive to the realization of anti-vibration, heat dissipation and other functions. .
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams of a specific structural design based on the first embodiment in combination with specific application scenarios:
  • train-mounted PHM equipment is to achieve fault prediction and health management for traction motors of locomotive and locomotive.
  • Its hardware system is based on the PCIe internal bus structure, and adopts a combination of embedded system, data acquisition and 100M / Gigabit Ethernet communication.
  • ARM + FPGA to control the hardware architecture.
  • the embedded host uses an ARM controller and supports large-capacity hard disks, which can meet the requirements of long-term storage of records.
  • the use of embedded chips also ensures the system's low power consumption, high reliability and stability. Its working principle can be See Figure 4:
  • the train-mounted PHM equipment uses a 3U standard case, and the circuit function board is composed of five parts: a power processing module (equivalent to the power supply module 40), a main control board (equivalent to the train PHM diagnostic device 30), and a storage array (equivalent to data storage). Module 31), an analog acquisition board (equivalent to the signal acquisition device 20), and a system backplane (equivalent to a connector).
  • the train-mounted PHM equipment is provided with a stable rated 24V DC input power by the train's on-board battery and charger. After DC / DC conversion, it provides the required 5VDC internal working power for the hardware functional circuit, and ⁇ 15V DC dual power for the analog circuit part. Provides ⁇ 24VDC dual power for external sensors.
  • the main control board is implemented with ARM + FPGA architecture. FPGA mainly completes the train vehicle alarm diagnosis software algorithm. ARM mainly completes the implementation of external Ethernet ports and other internal auxiliary interfaces. In addition, it completes the data.
  • the analog signal acquisition board 1 is used to perform signal acquisition on the sensors set on the train traction motor 10, to complete data acquisition, data storage, and data calculation functions, and to calculate the calculation results and the internal characteristic information database The data is compared, and the fault information identification code is generated for status recording and storage, and the stored data is sent to the upper PHM equipment of the train in real time through the network interface; at the same time, the on-board PHM equipment of the train has parameter setting and online upgrade functions; the train on-board warning diagnosis software is integrated on the train Vehicle hardware equipment, real Online early warning diagnosis, with the system parameter setting, real-time calculation of the amount of online features, analysis, early warning, diagnosis, storage and other functions.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a complete circuit structure based on Figure 4, which is mainly composed of five parts: the main control board, the analog acquisition board 1 and 2, the power board, and the system backplane.
  • Analog acquisition board 1 Constant current source 1 provides 4mA current to the first bearing acceleration sensor, and the first bearing acceleration sensor outputs three-direction acceleration signals X1, Y1, and Z1 respectively through signal conditioning circuits 1, 2, 3,
  • the input signals X1, Y1, and Z1 are pre-processed and anti-aliased and filtered, and then transmitted to channel 1 of two high-precision A / D converters 1 and A / D converters 2, using FPGA's SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface (Serial Peripheral Interface) controller module realizes the control and data acquisition of two A / D converters 1 and A / D converters 2, and the collected data is transmitted to ADC FIFO1 (where ADC refers to the analog-to-digital converter; FIFO is the abbreviation of First Input, First Output, and FIFO2, and the corresponding FIFO is controlled by the FIFO group control unit.
  • ADC Serial Peripheral Interface
  • the data is controlled by DMA (Direct Memory Access, Direct Memory Access) controller via AXI with DMA ( Advanced eXtensible Interface (a bus protocol)
  • the bus enters data processing 1 and data processing 2 for data processing.
  • the transceiver 1 and transceiver 2 of the acquisition board 1 are simulated via the backplane connector (S-Slot1) and the backplane connector.
  • S-Slot1 Backplane connector
  • M-Slot Data Output to the main board of the transceiver 1 and the transceiver 2.
  • the other channels of the analog acquisition board 1 use the same data pre-processing and acquisition, and realize the clock synchronization mechanism and message flow of the bus through FPGA logic resources to achieve fast synchronous data acquisition and transmission of multiple channels in the system.
  • Analog acquisition board 2 Provide three current sensors ⁇ 24VDC dual power through the F48 connector.
  • the output signals of the three current sensors are processed by signal conditioning circuits 1, 2, and 3 to pre-process and resist the input signals Ia, Ib, and Ic.
  • the aliasing filtering function is then transmitted to channel 1 of the two high-precision A / D converters 1 and A / D converter 2.
  • the SPI controller module of the FPGA is used to implement the two A / D converters 1 and A / D. Control and data acquisition of converter 2.
  • the collected data is then transmitted to ADC FIFO1 and ADC FIFO2.
  • the corresponding FIFO is controlled by the FIFO group control unit.
  • the data is entered by DMA controller into data processor 1 and data processor via AXI bus with DMA.
  • the transceiver 1 and transceiver 2 of the acquisition board 1 are simulated to transmit data to the transceiver 1 of the main control board via the backplane connector (S-Slot1) and the backplane connector (M-Slot) And transceiver 2.
  • the other channels of the analog acquisition board 2 use the same data pre-processing and acquisition, and realize the clock synchronization mechanism and message flow of the bus through FPGA logic resources to achieve fast synchronous data acquisition and transmission of multiple channels in the system.
  • the main control board 1 to 8 transceivers respectively transmit data to 1 to 8 data processors.
  • the data of the 8 data processors are transmitted to the data buffer by the AXI bus with DMA, and the AXI bus with DMA is controlled by the AXI bus.
  • All the collected data is stored on the data storage array as raw data through the SATA interface (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, a serial hardware driver interface based on industry standards) on the one hand; Read the diagnostic algorithm unit, and complete the data processing quickly through the hardware accelerator of the fault diagnosis algorithm, and transform the original signal into form transformation, dimensional compression, and refinement of the fault feature information to achieve fault prediction, status assessment, fault diagnosis and life prediction; the main Control board ARM microprocessor part: including DDR3 (memory level), QSPI flash (a flash memory chip) and JTAG debug port (Joint Test Action Group), a joint test working group, is an international standard test protocol, mainly used for Chip internal test) constitute the smallest system; implement the AXI bus controller function; through Ethernet PHY1 PHY2 has respectively extended two external 100M / 1000M Ethernet interfaces.
  • SATA interface Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, a serial hardware driver interface based on industry standards
  • the two Ethernet interfaces are isolated from the Ethernet network by an Ethernet isolation transformer to achieve the reliability of external data communication of the main control board: one of them is connected to the upper layer of the train (the entire vehicle).
  • On-board PHM system data communication the other way is to connect to the upper computer to set parameters such as motor parameters, sampling frequency, etc.
  • it can also perform on-site debugging, offline data download and other functions; through USB PHY to expand a USB interface to facilitate offline data download And other functions.
  • the FPGA part completes the implementation of the high-speed serial system bus and the high-speed storage interface (hard disk interface).
  • analog acquisition board card 1, analog acquisition board card 2, transceiver 1, transceiver 2 and the like existing in the accompanying drawings 4 and 5 of the present invention and the corresponding text description are not expressed as
  • the reference sign is a way to distinguish multiple existing functional components, which can be understood as a first analog acquisition board, a second analog acquisition board, a first transceiver, a second transceiver, and the rest are the same. Parts are not explained one by one.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif PHM monté sur un train, qui utilise un appareil d'acquisition d'informations (20) pour acquérir des données de fonctionnement de dispositif d'un moteur de traction de train (10), et effectue une analyse comparative sur les données de fonctionnement de dispositif et les données standard PHM (comprenant des données de fonctionnement dans un cycle de vie complet du dispositif) stockées dans un appareil de diagnostic PHM de train (30) pour déterminer un état de fonctionnement du moteur de traction de train (10), de façon à prédire, selon l'état de fonctionnement, si un défaut peut survenir dans une période de temps suivante. En utilisant le dispositif PHM monté sur un train, en combinaison avec l'analyse comparative entre les données de fonctionnement réelles d'un dispositif et des données de norme PHM, un défaut imminent est trouvé et traité avant que le défaut ne survienne, de sorte que la sécurité d'un train à grande vitesse soit renforcée. L'invention concerne en outre un train à grande vitesse comportant le dispositif PHM monté sur un train.
PCT/CN2018/114087 2018-08-06 2018-11-06 Dispositif phm monté sur un train et train à grande vitesse WO2020029450A1 (fr)

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CN201810885029.0A CN110803192A (zh) 2018-08-06 2018-08-06 一种列车车载phm设备及高速轨道列车

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