WO2020022298A1 - Circuit breaker, safety circuit and secondary battery pack - Google Patents

Circuit breaker, safety circuit and secondary battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020022298A1
WO2020022298A1 PCT/JP2019/028740 JP2019028740W WO2020022298A1 WO 2020022298 A1 WO2020022298 A1 WO 2020022298A1 JP 2019028740 W JP2019028740 W JP 2019028740W WO 2020022298 A1 WO2020022298 A1 WO 2020022298A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connection portion
breaker
ptc thermistor
piece
terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/028740
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
勝史 浪川
圭太郎 宮田
良 永見
弘貴 越岡
Original Assignee
ボーンズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by ボーンズ株式会社 filed Critical ボーンズ株式会社
Priority to JP2020532395A priority Critical patent/JPWO2020022298A1/en
Priority to CN201980047262.4A priority patent/CN112514022A/en
Publication of WO2020022298A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020022298A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/04—Bases; Housings; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a small breaker or the like suitable for use in a safety circuit of an electric device.
  • breakers have been used as protection devices (safety circuits) for secondary batteries, motors, and the like of various electrical devices.
  • the breaker is activated when the temperature of the secondary battery during charging / discharging rises excessively, or when an abnormal condition occurs, such as when an overcurrent flows through a motor or the like provided in a device such as an automobile or a home appliance. Cut off the current to protect the secondary battery and motor.
  • the breaker used as such a protection device operates accurately (has good temperature characteristics) in accordance with the temperature change and has a stable resistance value when energized in order to ensure the safety of the equipment. Is required.
  • the breaker when used as a protection device such as a secondary battery provided in a so-called mobile device such as a notebook personal computer, a tablet-type portable information terminal device, or a thin multifunctional mobile phone called a smartphone,
  • a so-called mobile device such as a notebook personal computer, a tablet-type portable information terminal device, or a thin multifunctional mobile phone called a smartphone
  • portable information terminal devices have a strong desire to reduce the size (thinness) of devices, and devices newly released by each company are designed to be small in order to ensure superiority in design. The tendency to be noticeable.
  • a current interrupting device mounted together with a secondary battery is also strongly required to be further miniaturized.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a breaker to which a bimetal is applied as a thermally responsive element.
  • a bimetal is an element in which two types of plate-like metal materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion are laminated, and the shape of the metal material is changed according to a temperature change to control the conduction state of the contact.
  • the breaker disclosed in the document has components such as a fixed piece, a terminal piece, a movable piece, a thermoresponsive element, and a PTC thermistor housed in a case, and the terminals of the fixed piece and the terminal piece protrude from the case. Used by being connected to the electric circuit of the equipment.
  • the mobile device such as the above-mentioned notebook personal computer can be freely carried by the user, but involves a risk of falling to the ground or the like.
  • an operating mobile device falls to the ground or the like, the impact deforms the movable piece elastically, separating the movable contact from the fixed contact, instantaneously interrupting power supply to each part of the device (hereinafter referred to as instantaneous interruption). ). Due to such a momentary interruption of power supply, the operation of each unit of the device becomes unstable, and inconveniences such as loss of data being executed may occur.
  • the upper electrode of the PTC thermistor is connected to the movable contact plate via a lead wire to prevent momentary interruption of power supply.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its main object to provide a breaker capable of suppressing an instantaneous interruption of power supply while reducing the size. It is another object of the present invention to provide a breaker that can suppress an instantaneous interruption of power supply with a simple and low-cost configuration.
  • the present invention provides a first terminal piece having a first terminal and a fixed contact, a movable piece having a movable contact and pressing the movable contact against the fixed contact, and a second terminal.
  • a second terminal piece electrically connected to the movable piece, a thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact by deforming with temperature change,
  • a breaker comprising a positive temperature coefficient thermistor for electrically connecting one terminal piece and a second terminal piece, wherein the first terminal piece has a first connection portion electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor,
  • the second terminal piece has a second connection portion electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor, and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor has a first surface facing the thermal response element and a second surface not facing the thermal response element.
  • the first connection portion and the second connection portion have a positive characteristic surface on the second surface. And it is connected to the star, characterized in that.
  • a first electrode electrically connected to the first connection portion and a second electrode electrically connected to the second connection portion are formed on the second surface. Is desirable.
  • the second surface is disposed on a side opposite to the first surface in a thickness direction of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
  • the first connection portion and the second connection portion are arranged on the same plane.
  • the second surface is a side surface that intersects the first surface of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
  • the first connection portion and the second connection portion are arranged to face each other in the longitudinal direction of the movable piece.
  • the thermally responsive element abuts on the first surface when deformed.
  • the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is fixed to the first connection portion and the second connection portion via a conductive adhesive.
  • a first case having a first hole for accommodating the movable piece and the thermally responsive element, and a second hole for accommodating the positive temperature coefficient thermistor;
  • a second case attached to the first case to close the first hole and the second hole, wherein the first terminal piece and the second terminal piece are embedded in the first case. Is desirable.
  • the first connection portion and the second connection portion are exposed in the second hole.
  • the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is press-fitted into the second hole.
  • an electric resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is 1 to 2 ⁇ .
  • a metal plate for reinforcing the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is provided on the first surface.
  • a safety circuit for an electric device according to the present invention is provided with a breaker.
  • the secondary battery pack of the present invention is provided with a breaker.
  • the first terminal is electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor at the first connection portion
  • the second terminal is electrically connected to the second connection portion. Therefore, with a simple and low-cost configuration, it is possible to suppress an instantaneous interruption of power supply.
  • the first connection part and the second connection part are connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor on the second surface not facing the thermal response element, the thermal response element and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor are arranged close to each other. And the size of the breaker does not increase. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce the size and suppress the momentary interruption of the power supply.
  • the configuration of the lead wire and the like disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not required, the instantaneous interruption of power supply can be suppressed with a simple and low-cost configuration.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a normal charge or discharge state of the breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 9 is applied.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 9 is applied in an overcharged state or an abnormal state;
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a normal charge or discharge state of the breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 12 is applied.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 12 is applied in an overcharged state or an abnormal state.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 show the configuration of the breaker.
  • the breaker 1 includes a pair of terminals partially exposed to the outside from the case 10, that is, a first terminal 22 and a second terminal 32.
  • the breaker 1 forms a main part of a safety circuit of the electric device.
  • the breaker 1 has a first terminal piece 2 having a fixed contact 21 and a first terminal 22, a second terminal piece 3 having a second terminal 32, and a movable contact 41 at a tip portion. It comprises a movable piece 4, a thermally responsive element 5 that deforms with a change in temperature, a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) thermistor 6, and the like.
  • a PTC Platinum Temperature Coefficient
  • the first terminal piece 2, the second terminal piece 3, the movable piece 4, the thermoresponsive element 5, and the PTC thermistor 6 are housed in a case 10.
  • the case 10 includes a case body (first case) 7, a lid member (second case) 8 mounted on the upper surface of the case body 7, and the like.
  • the first terminal piece 2 is formed, for example, by pressing a metal plate containing copper or the like as a main component (other metal plate such as a copper-titanium alloy, nickel silver, brass, etc.), and is inserted into the case body 7. Embedded by molding.
  • the fixed contact 21 is formed by cladding, plating, coating, or the like of a material having good conductivity, such as silver, nickel, a nickel-silver alloy, a copper-silver alloy, or a gold-silver alloy.
  • the fixed contact 21 is formed at a position facing the movable contact 41 in the first terminal piece 2, and is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of an opening 73 a formed inside the case body 7. ing.
  • a first terminal 22 that is electrically connected to an external circuit is formed at one end of the first terminal strip 2 with the fixed contact 21 interposed therebetween, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6 at the other end.
  • a first connection portion 23 is formed.
  • the first terminal 22 is exposed from the side wall of the case body 7 and is connected to a land portion of the circuit board by a method such as soldering.
  • the surface of the first terminal piece 2 on which the fixed contact 21 is formed (that is, the upper surface in FIG. 1) is the A surface, and the opposite bottom surface is the B surface. It is explained as. The same applies to other components, for example, the second terminal piece 3, the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the case 10, the cover piece 9, and the like.
  • the first connection portion 23 is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of the opening 73 d formed inside the case body 7, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the first terminal piece 2 has a step bent portion 25 bent in a step shape (a crank shape in a side view).
  • the step bending portion 25 connects the fixed contact 21 and the first connection portion 23, and arranges the fixed contact 21 and the first connection portion 23 at different heights.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 can be stored compactly.
  • the second terminal piece 3 is formed by pressing a metal plate mainly composed of copper or the like, similarly to the first terminal piece 2, and is embedded in the case body 7 by insert molding.
  • the second terminal piece 3 includes a joint portion 31 to which the movable piece 4 is joined, a second terminal 32 electrically connected to an external circuit, and a second connection portion 33 electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6. have.
  • the joint 31 is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of the opening 73 b formed inside the case body 7, and is electrically connected to the movable piece 4.
  • a second terminal 32 electrically connected to an external circuit is formed on one end of the second terminal strip 3 with the joint 31 interposed therebetween, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6 on the other end.
  • a second connection portion 33 is formed.
  • the second terminal 32 is exposed from the side wall of the case body 7 and is connected to a land portion of the circuit board by a method such as soldering.
  • the second connection portion 33 is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of the opening 73 d formed inside the case body 7, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 are arranged at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the movable piece 4.
  • the resin forming the case body 7 is filled between the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33.
  • the second terminal piece 3 has a step bent portion 35 that is bent stepwise.
  • the step bending portion 35 connects the joining portion 31 and the second connecting portion 33, and arranges the joining portion 31 and the second connecting portion 33 at different heights. Thereby, the PTC thermistor 6 can be stored compactly.
  • the movable piece 4 is formed in a plate shape by pressing a metal material mainly containing copper or the like.
  • the movable piece 4 is formed in an arm shape symmetric with respect to a longitudinal center line.
  • a movable contact 41 is formed at one end of the movable piece 4.
  • the movable contact 41 is formed on the surface B of the movable piece 4 with the same material as that of the fixed contact 21 and is joined to the tip of the movable piece 4 by a method such as cladding or crimping in addition to welding.
  • a joint 42 to be joined to the joint 31 of the second terminal piece 3 is formed.
  • the A surface of the joint 31 of the second terminal piece 3 and the B surface of the joint 42 of the movable piece 4 are fixed by, for example, laser welding.
  • Laser welding is a welding method in which a work (in the present embodiment, the second terminal piece 3 and the movable piece 4 are equivalent) is irradiated with laser light, and the works are locally melted and solidified to join the works together. is there.
  • a laser welding mark different in form from a welding mark formed by another welding method for example, resistance welding using Joule heat
  • the movable piece 4 has an elastic portion 43 between the movable contact 41 and the joint 42.
  • the elastic part 43 extends from the joint part 42 to the movable contact 41 side.
  • the joint portion 42 is provided on the opposite side of the movable contact 41 with the elastic portion 43 interposed therebetween.
  • the movable piece 4 is fixed by being fixed to the joint part 31 of the second terminal piece 3 at the joint part 42, and the movable contact 41 formed at the tip of the movable part 4 is fixed by the elastic part 43 being elastically deformed. And the first terminal piece 2 and the movable piece 4 can be energized. Since the movable piece 4 and the second terminal piece 3 are electrically connected at the joints 31 and 42, the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 can be electrically connected.
  • the movable piece 4 is curved or bent in the elastic portion 43 by press working.
  • the degree of bending or bending is not particularly limited as long as the thermoresponsive element 5 can be accommodated, and may be appropriately set in consideration of the elastic force at the operating temperature and the return temperature, the pressing force of the contact, and the like.
  • a pair of protrusions (contact portions) 44 a and 44 b are formed on the B surface of the elastic portion 43 so as to face the thermally responsive element 5.
  • the protrusions 44a, 44b and the thermally responsive element 5 come into contact with each other, and the deformation of the thermally responsive element 5 is transmitted to the elastic portion 43 via the protrusions 44a, 44b (see FIGS. 1 and 3).
  • the thermally responsive element 5 changes the state of the movable piece 4 from the conductive state in which the movable contact 41 contacts the fixed contact 21 to the cutoff state in which the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21.
  • the thermally responsive element 5 has an initial shape curved in an arc shape and is formed by laminating thin plates having different coefficients of thermal expansion. When the operating temperature is reached due to overheating, the curved shape of the thermally responsive element 5 reversely warps with snap motion, and is restored when the temperature falls below the return temperature due to cooling.
  • the initial shape of the thermoresponsive element 5 can be formed by press working.
  • the material and shape of the thermally responsive element 5 are not particularly limited as long as the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 is pushed up by the reverse warp operation of the thermally responsive element 5 at the desired temperature and is restored by the elastic force of the elastic portion 43.
  • a rectangular shape is desirable from the viewpoint of productivity and efficiency of the reverse warpage operation, and a rectangular shape is desirable in order to efficiently push up the elastic portion 43 while being small.
  • the thermal response element 5 may be made of, for example, copper-nickel-manganese alloy or nickel-chromium-iron alloy on the high expansion side and iron-nickel alloy on the low expansion side, such as nickel silver, brass, and stainless steel. Two kinds of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion made of various alloys such as steel are laminated and used in combination according to required conditions.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 conducts the first terminal piece 2 with the second terminal piece 3 and the movable piece 4 when the movable piece 4 is in the cutoff state.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 is disposed between the first connection part 23 of the first terminal piece 2 and the second connection part 33 of the second terminal piece 3 and the thermally responsive element 5.
  • the current flowing through the PTC thermistor 6 increases. If the PTC thermistor 6 is a PTC thermistor whose resistance value increases with increasing temperature to limit the current, the type of the operating current, operating voltage, operating temperature, return temperature, etc. can be selected as required.
  • the material and shape are not particularly limited as long as these properties are not impaired.
  • a ceramic sintered body containing barium titanate, strontium titanate, or calcium titanate is used.
  • a so-called polymer PTC in which a polymer contains conductive particles such as carbon may be used.
  • the case body 7 and the lid member 8 constituting the case 10 are molded from a thermoplastic resin such as flame-retardant polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) having excellent heat resistance.
  • a thermoplastic resin such as flame-retardant polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) having excellent heat resistance.
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • LCP liquid crystal polymer
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • a housing recess 73 is formed in the case body 7 as an internal space for housing the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, and the like.
  • the accommodation recess 73 has openings 73a and 73b for accommodating the movable piece 4, an opening 73c for accommodating the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5, an opening 73d for accommodating the PTC thermistor 6, and the like. are doing.
  • the edge of the thermally responsive element 5 incorporated in the case main body 7 is appropriately abutted by a frame formed inside the accommodating recess 73, and is guided when the thermally responsive element 5 is reversely warped.
  • a cover piece 9 is embedded in the lid member 8 by insert molding.
  • the cover piece 9 is formed in a plate shape by pressing the above-described metal containing copper or the like as a main component or a metal such as stainless steel. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the cover piece 9 appropriately contacts the A surface of the movable piece 4 to regulate the movement of the movable piece 4, and to reduce the rigidity and the rigidity of the case 10 as the housing by the lid member 8. It contributes to downsizing of the breaker 1 while increasing the strength.
  • the openings 73a, 73b, 73c and the like of the case main body 7 containing the first terminal piece 2, the second terminal piece 3, the movable piece 4, the thermal response element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, and the like are closed.
  • the lid member 8 is attached to the case main body 7.
  • the case body 7 and the lid member 8 are joined by, for example, ultrasonic welding.
  • the case body 7 and the lid member 8 are continuously joined over the entire periphery of the respective outer edges, and the airtightness of the case 10 is improved. Accordingly, the internal space of the case 10 provided by the housing recess 73 is sealed, and components such as the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, and the PTC thermistor 6 can be shielded from the atmosphere outside the case 10 and protected.
  • FIG. 2 shows the operation of the breaker 1 in a normal charge or discharge state.
  • the thermally responsive element 5 maintains an initial shape (before reverse warpage).
  • the cover piece 9 is provided with a protrusion 91 that contacts the top 43 a of the movable piece 4 and presses the top 43 a toward the thermally responsive element 5.
  • the protruding portion 91 presses the top portion 43a
  • the elastic portion 43 is elastically deformed, and the movable contact 41 formed at the tip thereof is pressed against the fixed contact 21 to come into contact therewith.
  • the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 of the breaker 1 are electrically connected through the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 and the like.
  • the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 comes into contact with the thermally responsive element 5, and the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, and the first terminal piece 2 may be electrically connected as a circuit.
  • FIG. 3 shows an operation of the breaker 1 in an overcharged state or an abnormal state.
  • the thermoresponsive element 5 that has reached the operating temperature reversely warps, the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 is pushed up, and the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 are separated.
  • the operating temperature of the thermoresponsive element 5 when the movable piece 4 is pushed up when the thermoresponsive element 5 is deformed inside the breaker 1 is, for example, 70 ° C. to 90 ° C.
  • the current flowing between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 is cut off, and a slight leakage current flows through the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 continues to generate heat as long as such a leakage current flows and sharply increases the resistance value while maintaining the thermally responsive element 5 in a reverse warp state, so that the current flows through the path between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41. , And only the slight leakage current described above exists (constituting a self-holding circuit). This leakage current can be used for other functions of the safety device. In the present embodiment, the contact between the top portion 43a and the protruding portion 91 is maintained even in a situation where the thermally responsive element 5 that has reached the operating temperature is reversely warped.
  • the movable piece 4 is pushed up with the contact point between the top 43a and the protrusion 91 serving as a fulcrum, and the distance between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 is easily maintained.
  • the movable piece 4 is supported by the protruding portion 91 and the protruding portion 91 bears a part of the pushing-up force of the thermally responsive element 5, the force applied to the joint 42 of the movable piece 4 is suppressed, and the joint 31 The peeling of the joint 42 from the surface is suppressed.
  • FIG. 4 shows the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 has a first surface 61 facing the thermal response element 5 and a second surface 62 not facing the thermal response element 5.
  • the first surface 61 faces upward.
  • the second surface 62 includes a second surface 62a facing downward, and second surfaces 62b and 62c facing sideways.
  • the second surfaces 62b and 62c are side surfaces that intersect with the first surface 61.
  • the resistance value of the PTC thermistor 6 rapidly increases with heating.
  • the temperature at which the state of the PTC thermistor 6 shifts from the low resistance state to the high resistance state is called a trip temperature.
  • the first connection part 23 of the first terminal piece 2 and the second connection part 33 of the second terminal piece 3 are connected to the second surface of the PTC thermistor 6. 62a.
  • FIG. 5 shows the breaker 1 in a state where the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21 by an impact caused by dropping at a temperature lower than the operating temperature of the thermoresponsive element 5.
  • the present breaker 1 even when the conduction between the first terminal piece 2 and the elastic portion 43 is interrupted, the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 and the second surface 62 a of the PTC thermistor 6 are prevented. The connection state with is maintained. Therefore, the conduction between the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 is maintained via the PTC thermistor 6 which is in a low resistance state at a temperature lower than the trip temperature, and an instantaneous interruption of power supply to each part of the electric device can be suppressed.
  • the thermal response element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 are close to each other.
  • the breaker 1 can be arranged so that the size of the breaker 1 does not increase. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce the size and suppress the momentary interruption of the power supply. Furthermore, since the configuration of the lead wire and the like disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not required, the instantaneous interruption of power supply can be suppressed with a simple and low-cost configuration.
  • a first electrode 63 that is electrically connected to the first connection portion 23 is formed at an end of the PTC thermistor 6 on the fixed contact 21 side.
  • a second electrode 64 that is electrically connected to the second connection portion 33 is formed at an end of the PTC thermistor 6 on the joint portion 31 side.
  • the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are formed on at least the second surface 62a. It should just be done.
  • the distance between the electrodes is set short to reduce the resistance between the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64.
  • the distance between the electrodes is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
  • the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 reduce the contact resistance between the PTC thermistor 6 and the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33, and the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece at the time of the instantaneous interruption. 3 is suppressed.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 and the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 are formed on the second surface 62 a arranged on the opposite side to the first surface 61. Is maintained. Therefore, a member (for example, a lead wire in Patent Document 1) interposed between the thermoresponsive element 5 and the first surface 61 of the PTC thermistor 6 can be eliminated, and the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 can be eliminated. Can be arranged close to each other.
  • first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 are arranged on the same plane. With such a configuration, the thickness of the case body 7 can be suppressed, and the height of the breaker 1 can be reduced. Further, the second surface 62a of the PTC thermistor 6 can be constituted by a flat surface.
  • a housing recess 73 for housing the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, and the PTC thermistor 6 is formed inside the case body 7.
  • the housing recess 73 has a first hole 75 for housing the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 and a second hole 76 for housing the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 constitute a part of the bottom wall of the second hole 76 and are exposed in the second hole 76. Thereby, the first connection part 23, the second connection part 33, and the PTC thermistor 6 are compactly accommodated in the case body 7.
  • the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 and the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 of the PTC thermistor 6 can be easily respectively. It is connected, and the productivity of the breaker 1 is increased.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 is fixed to the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 via a conductive adhesive.
  • the conductive adhesive include an adhesive containing a metal powder having excellent conductivity such as a silver paste as a component.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 may be configured to be press-fitted into the second hole 76. Such a configuration can be realized by setting the size of the second hole 76 slightly smaller than that of the PTC thermistor 6. When the PTC thermistor 6 is press-fitted into the second hole portion 76, the PTC thermistor 6 is firmly fixed to the side wall of the second hole portion 76 and the like. Even so, the separation of the PTC thermistor 6 from the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 is further suppressed.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a breaker 1A which is a modification of the breaker 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG.
  • the configuration of the breaker 1 described above can be employed.
  • the breaker 1A is different from the breaker 1 in that the breaker 1A is connected to the first terminal piece 2A and the second terminal piece 3A at the second surfaces 62b and 62c of the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the second surface 62b is a side surface facing the fixed contact 21 side of the PTC thermistor 6
  • the second surface 62c is a side surface facing the joint portion 31 side of the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the shapes of the first terminal piece 2A and the second terminal piece 3A have been changed from the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3. That is, the first terminal piece 2A has the first connection portion 23A electrically connected to the second surface 62b.
  • the first connection portion 23A is bent in the thickness direction of the PTC thermistor 6 along the second surface 62b. In the present embodiment, the first connection portion 23A is bent in a direction away from the thermoresponsive element 5, but may be bent in a direction approaching the thermoresponsive element 5.
  • the second terminal piece 3A has the second connection portion 33A electrically connected to the second surface 62c.
  • the second connecting portion 33A is bent in the thickness direction of the PTC thermistor 6 along the second surface 62c.
  • the second connection portion 33A is bent in a direction away from the thermoresponsive element 5, but may be bent in a direction approaching the thermoresponsive element 5.
  • the present breaker 1A even if the conduction between the first terminal piece 2A and the elastic portion 43 is interrupted, the first connection portion 23A, the second connection portion 33A, and the second surface 62b of the PTC thermistor 6 can be used. , 62c is maintained. Therefore, the conduction between the first terminal piece 2A and the second terminal piece 3A is maintained via the PTC thermistor 6 which is in a low resistance state at a temperature lower than the trip temperature, and an instantaneous interruption of power supply to each part of the electric device can be suppressed.
  • first connecting portion 23A and the second connecting portion 33A are connected to the PTC thermistor 6 at the second surfaces 62b and 62c which do not face the thermal responsive element 5, the thermal responsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 are connected to each other. Can be arranged close to each other, and the size of the breaker 1 does not increase. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an instantaneous interruption of power supply with a simple and low-cost configuration while easily reducing the size.
  • the height of the breaker 1 can be further reduced.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 is connected to the first connection portion 23A and the second connection portion 33A at the second surfaces 62b and 62c, so that the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are connected to at least the second surface 62b, 62c (see FIG. 4).
  • the continuity between the PTC thermistor 6 and the first connection portion 23A and the second connection portion 33A is maintained at the second surfaces 62b and 62c intersecting the first surface 61. Therefore, the member interposed between the thermoresponsive element 5 and the first surface 61 of the PTC thermistor 6 can be eliminated, and the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 can be arranged close to each other. Become.
  • the first connecting portion 23A and the second connecting portion 33A are arranged to face each other in the longitudinal direction of the movable piece 4. Thereby, the width dimension of the case main body 7 (the dimension in the short direction of the movable piece 4) is suppressed, and it is easy to reduce the size of the breaker 1A.
  • the first connection portion 23A and the second connection portion 33A constitute a part of the side wall of the second hole 76 and are exposed in the second hole 76.
  • the first connection portion 23A, the second connection portion 33A, and the PTC thermistor 6 are compactly accommodated in the case body 7, and the productivity of the breaker 1A is increased.
  • the PTC thermistor 6 is fixed to the first connecting portion 23A and the second connecting portion 33A via a conductive adhesive. Further, the PTC thermistor 6 may be configured to be pressed into the second hole 76.
  • the breaker 1 of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various modes. That is, the breaker 1 or the like has at least the first terminal piece 2 having the first terminal 22 and the fixed contact 21, the movable piece 4 having the movable contact 41, and pressing the movable contact 41 against the fixed contact 21. And a second terminal piece 3 having a second terminal 32 and electrically connected to the movable piece 4, and a movable piece such that the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21 by being deformed with a change in temperature. 4 and a PTC thermistor 6 for conducting the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3. The first terminal piece 2 is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6.
  • the second terminal piece 3 has a second connection portion 33 that is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6, and the PTC thermistor 6 faces the thermally responsive element 5.
  • the first surface 61 and the second surface not facing the thermoresponsive element 5 And a 62, the first connecting portion 23 and the second connecting portion 33 may be connected with the PTC thermistor 6 at the second surface 62.
  • the joining method of the case body 7 and the lid member 8 is not limited to the ultrasonic welding, and may be appropriately applied as long as both are firmly joined. For example, both may be adhered by applying and filling a liquid or gel adhesive and curing the adhesive.
  • the case 10 is not limited to the form constituted by the case main body 7 and the lid member 8 and the like, but may be constituted by two or more parts.
  • the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 may be integrally formed by forming the movable piece 4 from a laminated metal such as a bimetal or a trimetal. In this case, the configuration of the breaker 1 and the like is simplified, and the size can be reduced.
  • FIG. 8 shows a secondary battery pack 500.
  • the secondary battery pack 500 includes a secondary battery 501, a breaker 1 provided in an output terminal circuit of the secondary battery 501, and the like.
  • FIG. 9 shows a safety circuit 502 for an electric device.
  • the safety circuit 502 includes a breaker 1 and the like in series in the output circuit of the secondary battery 501. A part of the safety circuit 502 may be configured by a cable including a connector including the breaker 1 and the like.
  • the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are made of, for example, copper or a metal plate containing copper as a main component.
  • the surfaces of the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are desirably plated with, for example, nickel.
  • the electric resistance between the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 of the PTC thermistor 6 is desirably 1-2 ⁇ .
  • the electric resistance is 1 ⁇ or more, the leakage current is appropriately suppressed.
  • the electric resistance is 2 ⁇ or less, a voltage drop between the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 during the instantaneous interruption is appropriately suppressed.
  • FIG. 9 is a modified example of the PTC thermistor 6 and shows a configuration of a PTC thermistor 6A suitably used for the breaker 1 of the present invention.
  • the parts of the PTC thermistor 6A that are not described below can adopt the configuration of the PTC thermistor 6 described above.
  • the PTC thermistor 6A is different from the PTC thermistor 6 in that the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are formed only on the second surface 62a.
  • the surfaces of the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are desirably plated with, for example, nickel.
  • the nickel plating suppresses a voltage drop between the first connection part 23 and the first electrode 63 and between the second connection part 33 and the second electrode 64, and prevents the first terminal piece 2 from being instantaneously interrupted. Voltage drop between the second terminal piece 3 and the second terminal piece 3 is easily suppressed.
  • the PTC thermistor 6A may be provided with the metal plate 65 on the first surface 61.
  • the metal plate 65 can be composed of, for example, copper or a metal plate containing copper as a main component.
  • the metal plate 65 is separated from the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 on the side surface of the PTC thermistor 6A.
  • the metal plate 65 reinforces the PTC thermistor 6A and suppresses the deformation of the PTC thermistor 6A when the thermoresponsive element 5 is deformed due to overheating.
  • a metal plate 65 is formed on the entire first surface 61. The bending of the PTC thermistor 6A is easily suppressed by such a metal plate 65.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show a breaker to which a PTC thermistor 6A is applied in place of the PTC thermistor 6.
  • FIG. FIG. 10 shows a normal charging or discharging state as in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 11 shows a state in which the thermally responsive element 5 is deformed by overheating in an overcharged state or an abnormal state as in FIG.
  • the elastic force (reaction force) of the movable piece 4 is transmitted through the thermally responsive element 5 and acts on the PTC thermistor 6A.
  • the elastic force of the movable piece 4 acts on the PTC thermistor 6A.
  • the deformation of the PTC thermistor 6A is prevented. Etc. are suppressed.
  • the thermally responsive element 5 since the thermally responsive element 5 does not directly contact the first surface 61 of the PTC thermistor 6A, the stress applied to the first surface 61 is reduced, and the PTC Deformation of the thermistor 6A is suppressed.
  • FIG. 12 shows another modified example of the PTC thermistor 6 and shows a configuration of a PTC thermistor 6B suitably used for the breaker 1 of the present invention.
  • the configuration of the PTC thermistors 6, 6A described above can be employed.
  • the metal plate 65 is provided on the first surface 61 even in the PTC thermistor 6B.
  • the metal plate 65 reinforces the PTC thermistor 6B and suppresses the deformation and the like of the PTC thermistor 6B when the heat-responsive element 5 is deformed due to overheating.
  • a through hole 66 is provided at the center of the metal plate 65 so as to penetrate the metal plate 65 in the thickness direction.
  • the contact between the thermally responsive element 5 and the metal plate 65 is avoided in a situation where the thermally responsive element 5 shown in FIG.
  • the leakage current flowing from the movable piece 4 to the first terminal piece 2 via the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6B is suppressed. Therefore, it is desirable that the through hole 66 is formed in the central region 67 (see FIG. 12) where the thermally responsive element 5 contacts the PTC thermistor 6B in the state shown in FIG.
  • the region 67 is not limited to the center of the first surface 61, and may be formed over the edge. Even in this case, from the viewpoint of suppressing the deformation of the PTC thermistor 6B, the metal plate 65 extends from the edge of the first surface 61 on the side of the first terminal piece 2 to the edge of the first terminal 61 on the side of the second terminal piece 3. It is desirable that they are formed continuously at least in part.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)

Abstract

According to the present invention, a first terminal piece 2 has a first connection part 23 which is electrically connected to a PTC thermistor 6, while a second terminal piece 3 has a second connection part 33 which is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6. The PTC thermistor 6 has a first surface 61 which faces a thermally actuated element 5 and a second surface 62 which does not face the thermally actuated element 5. The first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 are connected to the PTC thermistor 6 at the second surface 62.

Description

ブレーカー、安全回路及び２次電池パックBreaker, safety circuit and secondary battery pack
　本発明は、電気機器の安全回路に用いて好適な小型のブレーカー等に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a small breaker or the like suitable for use in a safety circuit of an electric device.
　従来、各種電気機器の２次電池やモーター等の保護装置（安全回路）としてブレーカーが使用されている。ブレーカーは、充放電中の２次電池の温度が過度に上昇した場合、又は自動車、家電製品等の機器に装備されるモーター等に過電流が流れた場合等の異常が生じた際に、２次電池やモーター等を保護するために電流を遮断する。このような保護装置として用いられるブレーカーは、機器の安全を確保するために、温度変化に追従して正確に動作する（良好な温度特性を有する）ことと、通電時の抵抗値が安定していることが求められる。 Conventionally, breakers have been used as protection devices (safety circuits) for secondary batteries, motors, and the like of various electrical devices. The breaker is activated when the temperature of the secondary battery during charging / discharging rises excessively, or when an abnormal condition occurs, such as when an overcurrent flows through a motor or the like provided in a device such as an automobile or a home appliance. Cut off the current to protect the secondary battery and motor. The breaker used as such a protection device operates accurately (has good temperature characteristics) in accordance with the temperature change and has a stable resistance value when energized in order to ensure the safety of the equipment. Is required.
　また、ブレーカーが、ノート型パーソナルコンピュータ、タブレット型携帯情報端末機器又はスマートフォンと称される薄型の多機能携帯電話機等のいわゆるモバイル機器に装備される２次電池等の保護装置として用いられる場合、上述した安全性の確保に加えて、小型化が要求される。特に、近年の携帯情報端末機器にあっては、ユーザーの小型化（薄型化）の志向が強く、各社から新規に発売される機器は、デザイン上の優位性を確保するために、小型に設計される傾向が顕著である。こうした背景の下、携帯情報端末機器を構成する一部品として、２次電池と共に実装される電流遮断装置もまた、さらなる小型化が強く要求されている。 Further, when the breaker is used as a protection device such as a secondary battery provided in a so-called mobile device such as a notebook personal computer, a tablet-type portable information terminal device, or a thin multifunctional mobile phone called a smartphone, In addition to ensuring safety, there is a demand for miniaturization. In particular, in recent years, portable information terminal devices have a strong desire to reduce the size (thinness) of devices, and devices newly released by each company are designed to be small in order to ensure superiority in design. The tendency to be noticeable. Against this background, as a component of a portable information terminal device, a current interrupting device mounted together with a secondary battery is also strongly required to be further miniaturized.
　ブレーカーには、温度変化に応じて作動し、電流を導通又は遮断する熱応動素子が備えられている。特許文献１には、熱応動素子としてバイメタルを適用したブレーカーが示されている。バイメタルとは、熱膨張率の異なる２種類の板状の金属材料が積層されてなり、温度変化に応じて形状を変えることにより、接点の導通状態を制御する素子である。同文献に示されたブレーカーは、固定片、端子片、可動片、熱応動素子、ＰＴＣサーミスター等の部品が、ケースに収納されてなり、固定片及び端子片の端子がケースから突出し、電気機器の電気回路に接続されて使用される。 The breaker is provided with a thermo-responsive element that operates according to a temperature change and conducts or interrupts the current. Patent Literature 1 discloses a breaker to which a bimetal is applied as a thermally responsive element. A bimetal is an element in which two types of plate-like metal materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion are laminated, and the shape of the metal material is changed according to a temperature change to control the conduction state of the contact. The breaker disclosed in the document has components such as a fixed piece, a terminal piece, a movable piece, a thermoresponsive element, and a PTC thermistor housed in a case, and the terminals of the fixed piece and the terminal piece protrude from the case. Used by being connected to the electric circuit of the equipment.
ＷＯ２０１７－２１７００３号公報WO2017-217003
　上述したノート型パーソナルコンピュータ等のモバイル機器は、ユーザーによって自由に持ち運ぶことができる反面、地面等への落下の危険を伴う。動作中のモバイル機器が地面等に落下した場合、その衝撃によって可動片が弾性変形し、固定接点から可動接点が離隔し、機器各部への電力供給が瞬間的に遮断（以下、瞬断と記す）されるおそれがある。このような電力供給の瞬断によって、機器各部の動作が不安定となる他、実行中のデータが消失する等の不具合が発生するおそれがある。 The mobile device such as the above-mentioned notebook personal computer can be freely carried by the user, but involves a risk of falling to the ground or the like. When an operating mobile device falls to the ground or the like, the impact deforms the movable piece elastically, separating the movable contact from the fixed contact, instantaneously interrupting power supply to each part of the device (hereinafter referred to as instantaneous interruption). ). Due to such a momentary interruption of power supply, the operation of each unit of the device becomes unstable, and inconveniences such as loss of data being executed may occur.
　上記特許文献１に記載されているブレーカーでは、リードワイヤーを介してＰＴＣサーミスターの上側電極と可動接点板とを接続することにより、電力供給の瞬断を防止している。 In the breaker described in Patent Document 1, the upper electrode of the PTC thermistor is connected to the movable contact plate via a lead wire to prevent momentary interruption of power supply.
　しかしながら、このようなブレーカーでは、高さ寸法が肥大し、小型化を図ることが困難となる。また、ブレーカーの構成及び製造工程が複雑となり、コストアップを招来する。 However, in such a breaker, the height dimension is enlarged, and it is difficult to reduce the size. In addition, the configuration and manufacturing process of the breaker become complicated, resulting in an increase in cost.
　本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、小型化を図りつつ、電力供給の瞬断を抑制できるブレーカーを提供することを主たる目的とする。また、簡素で低コストな構成により、電力供給の瞬断を抑制できるブレーカーを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its main object to provide a breaker capable of suppressing an instantaneous interruption of power supply while reducing the size. It is another object of the present invention to provide a breaker that can suppress an instantaneous interruption of power supply with a simple and low-cost configuration.
　上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、第１端子及び固定接点を有する第１端子片と、可動接点を有し、可動接点を固定接点に押圧して接触させる可動片と、第２端子を有し、可動片に電気的に接続されている第２端子片と、温度変化に伴って変形することにより可動接点が固定接点から離隔するように可動片を作動させる熱応動素子と、第１端子片と第２端子片とを導通させる正特性サーミスターとを備えたブレーカーであって、第１端子片は、正特性サーミスターと電気的に接続される第１接続部を有し、第２端子片は、正特性サーミスターと電気的に接続される第２接続部を有し、正特性サーミスターは、熱応動素子と対向する第１面と、熱応動素子と対向しない第２面とを有し、第１接続部及び第２接続部は、第２面で正特性サーミスターと接続されている、ことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first terminal piece having a first terminal and a fixed contact, a movable piece having a movable contact and pressing the movable contact against the fixed contact, and a second terminal. A second terminal piece electrically connected to the movable piece, a thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact by deforming with temperature change, A breaker comprising a positive temperature coefficient thermistor for electrically connecting one terminal piece and a second terminal piece, wherein the first terminal piece has a first connection portion electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor, The second terminal piece has a second connection portion electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor, and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor has a first surface facing the thermal response element and a second surface not facing the thermal response element. And the first connection portion and the second connection portion have a positive characteristic surface on the second surface. And it is connected to the star, characterized in that.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記第２面には、前記第１接続部と電気的に接続される第１電極と、前記第２接続部と電気的に接続される第２電極とが形成されている、ことが望ましい。 In the breaker according to the present invention, a first electrode electrically connected to the first connection portion and a second electrode electrically connected to the second connection portion are formed on the second surface. Is desirable.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記第２面は、前記正特性サーミスターの厚さ方向で、前記第１面とは反対側に配されている、ことが望ましい。 In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second surface is disposed on a side opposite to the first surface in a thickness direction of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部は、同一平面上に配されている、ことが望ましい。 に お い て In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the first connection portion and the second connection portion are arranged on the same plane.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記第２面は、前記正特性サーミスターの前記第１面と交差する側面である、ことが望ましい。 In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second surface is a side surface that intersects the first surface of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部は、前記可動片の長手方向で対向して配されている、ことが望ましい。 に お い て In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the first connection portion and the second connection portion are arranged to face each other in the longitudinal direction of the movable piece.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記熱応動素子は、変形時に前記第１面と当接する、ことが望ましい。 に お い て In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the thermally responsive element abuts on the first surface when deformed.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記正特性サーミスターは、前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部と導電性接着剤を介して固着されている、ことが望ましい。 In the circuit breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is fixed to the first connection portion and the second connection portion via a conductive adhesive.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記可動片及び前記熱応動素子を収容するための第１穴部と、前記正特性サーミスターを収容するための第２穴部とを有する第１ケースと、前記第１穴部及び第２穴部を閉鎖するために前記第１ケースに装着される第２ケースと、をさらに備え、前記第１端子片及び前記第２端子片は、前記第１ケースに埋設されている、ことが望ましい。 In the breaker according to the present invention, a first case having a first hole for accommodating the movable piece and the thermally responsive element, and a second hole for accommodating the positive temperature coefficient thermistor; A second case attached to the first case to close the first hole and the second hole, wherein the first terminal piece and the second terminal piece are embedded in the first case. Is desirable.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部は、前記第２穴部に露出している、ことが望ましい。 に お い て In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the first connection portion and the second connection portion are exposed in the second hole.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記正特性サーミスターは、前記第２穴部に圧入されている、ことが望ましい。 In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is press-fitted into the second hole.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記正特性サーミスターの前記第１電極と、前記第２電極との間の電気抵抗は、１～２Ωである、ことが望ましい。 に お い て In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that an electric resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is 1 to 2Ω.
　本発明に係るブレーカーにおいて、前記第１面には、前記正特性サーミスターを補強するための金属板が設けられている、ことが望ましい。 In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that a metal plate for reinforcing the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is provided on the first surface.
　本発明の電気機器用の安全回路は、ブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする。 安全 A safety circuit for an electric device according to the present invention is provided with a breaker.
　本発明の２次電池パックは、ブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする。 ２ The secondary battery pack of the present invention is provided with a breaker.
　本発明のブレーカーによれば、第１端子は第１接続部において、第２端子は第２接続部においてそれぞれ正特性サーミスターと電気的に接続される。従って、簡素で低コストな構成により、電力供給の瞬断を抑制することが可能となる。また、第１接続部及び第２接続部は、熱応動素子と対向しない第２面で正特性サーミスターと接続されているので、熱応動素子と正特性サーミスターとを接近させて配置することができ、ブレーカーの寸法が肥大することがない。従って、容易に小型化を図りつつ、電力供給の瞬断を抑制することが可能となる。さらにまた、特許文献１に開示されているリードワイヤー等の構成が不要となるため、簡素で低コストな構成により、電力供給の瞬断を抑制できるようになる。 According to the circuit breaker of the present invention, the first terminal is electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor at the first connection portion, and the second terminal is electrically connected to the second connection portion. Therefore, with a simple and low-cost configuration, it is possible to suppress an instantaneous interruption of power supply. In addition, since the first connection part and the second connection part are connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor on the second surface not facing the thermal response element, the thermal response element and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor are arranged close to each other. And the size of the breaker does not increase. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce the size and suppress the momentary interruption of the power supply. Furthermore, since the configuration of the lead wire and the like disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not required, the instantaneous interruption of power supply can be suppressed with a simple and low-cost configuration.
本発明の一実施形態によるブレーカーの概略構成を示す組み立て前の斜視図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective view before assembling which shows the schematic structure of the breaker by one Embodiment of this invention. 通常の充電又は放電状態における上記ブレーカーを示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the said breaker in a normal charge or discharge state. 過充電状態又は異常時などにおける上記ブレーカーを示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the said breaker in an overcharge state or at the time of abnormality. ＰＴＣサーミスターを示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows a PTC thermistor. 落下時における上記ブレーカーを示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the said breaker at the time of a fall. 上記ブレーカーの変形例の概略構成を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the modification of the said breaker. 本発明の上記ブレーカーを備えた２次電池パックの構成を示す平面図。The top view which shows the structure of the secondary battery pack provided with the said breaker of this invention. 本発明の上記ブレーカーを備えた安全回路の回路図。The circuit diagram of the safety circuit provided with the above-mentioned breaker of the present invention. 図４のＰＴＣサーミスターの変形例を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the modification of the PTC thermistor of FIG. 図９のＰＴＣサーミスターが適用されたブレーカーの通常の充電又は放電状態を示す断面図。FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a normal charge or discharge state of the breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 9 is applied. 図９のＰＴＣサーミスターが適用されたブレーカーの過充電状態又は異常時の状態を示す断面図。FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 9 is applied in an overcharged state or an abnormal state; 図４のＰＴＣサーミスターの別の変形例を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows another modification of the PTC thermistor of FIG. 図１２のＰＴＣサーミスターが適用されたブレーカーの通常の充電又は放電状態を示す断面図。FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a normal charge or discharge state of the breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 12 is applied. 図１２のＰＴＣサーミスターが適用されたブレーカーの過充電状態又は異常時の状態を示す断面図。FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a breaker to which the PTC thermistor of FIG. 12 is applied in an overcharged state or an abnormal state.
　本発明の一実施形態によるブレーカーについて図面を参照して説明する。図１乃至図３は、ブレーカーの構成を示している。図１及び図３に示されるように、ブレーカー１は、一部がケース１０から外部に露出する一対の端子、すなわち第１端子２２及び第２端子３２を備える。第１端子２２及び第２端子３２が外部回路（図示せず）と電気的に接続されることにより、ブレーカー１は、電気機器の安全回路の主要部を構成する。 ブ A breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show the configuration of the breaker. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the breaker 1 includes a pair of terminals partially exposed to the outside from the case 10, that is, a first terminal 22 and a second terminal 32. When the first terminal 22 and the second terminal 32 are electrically connected to an external circuit (not shown), the breaker 1 forms a main part of a safety circuit of the electric device.
　図１に示されるように、ブレーカー１は、固定接点２１及び第１端子２２を有する第１端子片２と、第２端子３２を有する第２端子片３と、先端部に可動接点４１を有する可動片４と、温度変化に伴って変形する熱応動素子５と、ＰＴＣ（Positive Temperature Coefficient）サーミスター６等によって構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the breaker 1 has a first terminal piece 2 having a fixed contact 21 and a first terminal 22, a second terminal piece 3 having a second terminal 32, and a movable contact 41 at a tip portion. It comprises a movable piece 4, a thermally responsive element 5 that deforms with a change in temperature, a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) thermistor 6, and the like.
　第１端子片２、第２端子片３、可動片４、熱応動素子５及びＰＴＣサーミスター６は、ケース１０に収容されている。ケース１０は、ケース本体（第１ケース）７とケース本体７の上面に装着される蓋部材（第２ケース）８等によって構成されている。 The first terminal piece 2, the second terminal piece 3, the movable piece 4, the thermoresponsive element 5, and the PTC thermistor 6 are housed in a case 10. The case 10 includes a case body (first case) 7, a lid member (second case) 8 mounted on the upper surface of the case body 7, and the like.
　第１端子片２は、例えば、銅等を主成分とする金属板（この他、銅－チタニウム合金、洋白、黄銅などの金属板）をプレス加工することにより形成され、ケース本体７にインサート成形により埋め込まれている。 The first terminal piece 2 is formed, for example, by pressing a metal plate containing copper or the like as a main component (other metal plate such as a copper-titanium alloy, nickel silver, brass, etc.), and is inserted into the case body 7. Embedded by molding.
　固定接点２１は、銀、ニッケル、ニッケル－銀合金の他、銅－銀合金、金－銀合金などの導電性の良い材料のクラッド、メッキ又は塗布等により、形成されている。固定接点２１は、第１端子片２のうち、可動接点４１に対向する位置に形成され、ケース本体７の内部に形成されている開口７３ａの一部からケース本体７の収容凹部７３に露出されている。 (4) The fixed contact 21 is formed by cladding, plating, coating, or the like of a material having good conductivity, such as silver, nickel, a nickel-silver alloy, a copper-silver alloy, or a gold-silver alloy. The fixed contact 21 is formed at a position facing the movable contact 41 in the first terminal piece 2, and is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of an opening 73 a formed inside the case body 7. ing.
　固定接点２１を挟んで、第１端子片２の一端側には外部回路と電気的に接続される第１端子２２が形成され、他端側には、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と電気的に接続される第１接続部２３が形成されている。第１端子２２は、ケース本体７の側壁から露出し、回路基板のランド部とはんだ付け等の手法により接続される。 A first terminal 22 that is electrically connected to an external circuit is formed at one end of the first terminal strip 2 with the fixed contact 21 interposed therebetween, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6 at the other end. A first connection portion 23 is formed. The first terminal 22 is exposed from the side wall of the case body 7 and is connected to a land portion of the circuit board by a method such as soldering.
　本出願においては、特に断りのない限り、第１端子片２において、固定接点２１が形成されている側の面（すなわち図１において上側の面）をＡ面、その反対側の底面をＢ面として説明している。他の部品、例えば、第２端子片３、可動片４及び熱応動素子５、ケース１０、カバー片９等についても同様である。 In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the surface of the first terminal piece 2 on which the fixed contact 21 is formed (that is, the upper surface in FIG. 1) is the A surface, and the opposite bottom surface is the B surface. It is explained as. The same applies to other components, for example, the second terminal piece 3, the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the case 10, the cover piece 9, and the like.
　第１接続部２３は、ケース本体７の内部に形成されている開口７３ｄの一部からケース本体７の収容凹部７３に露出し、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と電気的に接続される。 The first connection portion 23 is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of the opening 73 d formed inside the case body 7, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6.
　図２に示されるように、第１端子片２は、階段状（側面視でクランク状）に曲げられた段曲げ部２５を有する。段曲げ部２５は、固定接点２１と第１接続部２３とを繋ぎ、固定接点２１と第１接続部２３とを高さ違いに配置する。これにより、ＰＴＣサーミスター６をコンパクトに収納可能となる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the first terminal piece 2 has a step bent portion 25 bent in a step shape (a crank shape in a side view). The step bending portion 25 connects the fixed contact 21 and the first connection portion 23, and arranges the fixed contact 21 and the first connection portion 23 at different heights. Thereby, the PTC thermistor 6 can be stored compactly.
　第２端子片３は、第１端子片２と同様に、銅等を主成分とする金属板をプレス加工することにより形成され、ケース本体７にインサート成形により埋め込まれている。第２端子片３は、可動片４が接合される接合部３１と、外部回路と電気的に接続される第２端子３２と、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と電気的に接続される第２接続部３３を有している。 The second terminal piece 3 is formed by pressing a metal plate mainly composed of copper or the like, similarly to the first terminal piece 2, and is embedded in the case body 7 by insert molding. The second terminal piece 3 includes a joint portion 31 to which the movable piece 4 is joined, a second terminal 32 electrically connected to an external circuit, and a second connection portion 33 electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6. have.
　接合部３１は、ケース本体７の内部に形成されている開口７３ｂの一部からケース本体７の収容凹部７３に露出し、可動片４と電気的に接続される。 The joint 31 is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of the opening 73 b formed inside the case body 7, and is electrically connected to the movable piece 4.
　接合部３１を挟んで、第２端子片３の一端側には外部回路と電気的に接続される第２端子３２が形成され、他端側には、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と電気的に接続される第２接続部３３が形成されている。第２端子３２は、ケース本体７の側壁から露出し、回路基板のランド部とはんだ付け等の手法により接続される。 A second terminal 32 electrically connected to an external circuit is formed on one end of the second terminal strip 3 with the joint 31 interposed therebetween, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6 on the other end. A second connection portion 33 is formed. The second terminal 32 is exposed from the side wall of the case body 7 and is connected to a land portion of the circuit board by a method such as soldering.
　第２接続部３３は、ケース本体７の内部に形成されている開口７３ｄの一部からケース本体７の収容凹部７３に露出し、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と電気的に接続される。第１接続部２３と第２接続部３３とは、可動片４の長手方向で距離を隔てて配されている。第１接続部２３と第２接続部３３との間には、ケース本体７を構成する樹脂が充填されている。 ２The second connection portion 33 is exposed to the housing recess 73 of the case body 7 from a part of the opening 73 d formed inside the case body 7, and is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6. The first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 are arranged at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the movable piece 4. The resin forming the case body 7 is filled between the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33.
　第２端子片３は、階段状に曲げられた段曲げ部３５を有する。段曲げ部３５は、接合部３１と第２接続部３３とを繋ぎ、接合部３１と第２接続部３３とを高さ違いに配置する。これにより、ＰＴＣサーミスター６をコンパクトに収納可能となる。 The second terminal piece 3 has a step bent portion 35 that is bent stepwise. The step bending portion 35 connects the joining portion 31 and the second connecting portion 33, and arranges the joining portion 31 and the second connecting portion 33 at different heights. Thereby, the PTC thermistor 6 can be stored compactly.
　可動片４は、銅等を主成分とする金属材料をプレス加工することにより板状に形成されている。可動片４は、長手方向の中心線に対して対称なアーム状に形成されている。 (4) The movable piece 4 is formed in a plate shape by pressing a metal material mainly containing copper or the like. The movable piece 4 is formed in an arm shape symmetric with respect to a longitudinal center line.
　可動片４の一端部には、可動接点４１が形成されている。可動接点４１は、固定接点２１と同等の材料によって可動片４のＢ面に形成され、溶接の他、クラッド、かしめ（crimping）等の手法によって可動片４の先端部に接合されている。 可 動 A movable contact 41 is formed at one end of the movable piece 4. The movable contact 41 is formed on the surface B of the movable piece 4 with the same material as that of the fixed contact 21 and is joined to the tip of the movable piece 4 by a method such as cladding or crimping in addition to welding.
　可動片４の他端部には、第２端子片３の接合部３１と接合される接合部４２が形成されている。第２端子片３の接合部３１のＡ面と可動片４の接合部４２のＢ面とは、例えば、レーザー溶接によって固着されている。これにより、第２端子片３と可動片４とが電気的に接続される。レーザー溶接とは、レーザー光をワーク（本実施形態では、第２端子片３及び可動片４が相当）に照射し、ワークを局部的に溶融及び凝固させることによってワーク同士を接合する溶接手法である。レーザー光が照射されたワークの表面には、他の溶接手法（例えば、ジュール熱を利用する抵抗溶接）による溶接痕とは異なる形態のレーザー溶接痕が形成される。 接合 At the other end of the movable piece 4, a joint 42 to be joined to the joint 31 of the second terminal piece 3 is formed. The A surface of the joint 31 of the second terminal piece 3 and the B surface of the joint 42 of the movable piece 4 are fixed by, for example, laser welding. Thereby, the second terminal piece 3 and the movable piece 4 are electrically connected. Laser welding is a welding method in which a work (in the present embodiment, the second terminal piece 3 and the movable piece 4 are equivalent) is irradiated with laser light, and the works are locally melted and solidified to join the works together. is there. On the surface of the workpiece irradiated with the laser light, a laser welding mark different in form from a welding mark formed by another welding method (for example, resistance welding using Joule heat) is formed.
　可動片４は、可動接点４１と接合部４２との間に、弾性部４３を有している。弾性部４３は、接合部４２から可動接点４１の側に延出されている。これにより、接合部４２は、弾性部４３を挟んで可動接点４１とは反対側に設けられる。 The movable piece 4 has an elastic portion 43 between the movable contact 41 and the joint 42. The elastic part 43 extends from the joint part 42 to the movable contact 41 side. As a result, the joint portion 42 is provided on the opposite side of the movable contact 41 with the elastic portion 43 interposed therebetween.
　接合部４２において第２端子片３の接合部３１と固着されることにより可動片４が固定され、弾性部４３が弾性変形することにより、その先端に形成されている可動接点４１が固定接点２１の側に押圧されて接触し、第１端子片２と可動片４とが通電可能となる。可動片４と第２端子片３とは、接合部３１及び接合部４２において電気的に接続されているので、第１端子片２と第２端子片３とが通電可能となる。 The movable piece 4 is fixed by being fixed to the joint part 31 of the second terminal piece 3 at the joint part 42, and the movable contact 41 formed at the tip of the movable part 4 is fixed by the elastic part 43 being elastically deformed. And the first terminal piece 2 and the movable piece 4 can be energized. Since the movable piece 4 and the second terminal piece 3 are electrically connected at the joints 31 and 42, the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 can be electrically connected.
　可動片４は、弾性部４３において、プレス加工により湾曲又は屈曲されている。湾曲又は屈曲の度合いは、熱応動素子５を収納できる限り特に限定はなく、作動温度及び復帰温度における弾性力、接点の押圧力などを考慮して適宜設定すればよい。また、弾性部４３のＢ面には、熱応動素子５に対向して一対の突起（接触部）４４ａ，４４ｂが形成されている。突起４４ａ，４４ｂと熱応動素子５とは接触して、突起４４ａ，４４ｂを介して熱応動素子５の変形が弾性部４３に伝達される（図１及び図３参照）。 The movable piece 4 is curved or bent in the elastic portion 43 by press working. The degree of bending or bending is not particularly limited as long as the thermoresponsive element 5 can be accommodated, and may be appropriately set in consideration of the elastic force at the operating temperature and the return temperature, the pressing force of the contact, and the like. Further, a pair of protrusions (contact portions) 44 a and 44 b are formed on the B surface of the elastic portion 43 so as to face the thermally responsive element 5. The protrusions 44a, 44b and the thermally responsive element 5 come into contact with each other, and the deformation of the thermally responsive element 5 is transmitted to the elastic portion 43 via the protrusions 44a, 44b (see FIGS. 1 and 3).
　熱応動素子５は、可動片４の状態を可動接点４１が固定接点２１に接触する導通状態から可動接点４１が固定接点２１から離隔する遮断状態に移行させる。熱応動素子５は、円弧状に湾曲した初期形状をなし、熱膨張率の異なる薄板材を積層することにより形成される。過熱により作動温度に達すると、熱応動素子５の湾曲形状は、スナップモーションを伴って逆反りし、冷却により復帰温度を下回ると復元する。熱応動素子５の初期形状は、プレス加工により形成することができる。所期の温度で熱応動素子５の逆反り動作により可動片４の弾性部４３が押し上げられ、かつ弾性部４３の弾性力により元に戻る限り、熱応動素子５の材質及び形状は特に限定されるものでないが、生産性及び逆反り動作の効率性の観点から矩形状が望ましく、小型でありながら弾性部４３を効率的に押し上げるために正方形に近い長方形であるのが望ましい。なお、熱応動素子５の材料としては、例えば、高膨脹側に銅－ニッケル－マンガン合金又はニッケル－クロム－鉄合金、低膨脹側に鉄－ニッケル合金をはじめとする、洋白、黄銅、ステンレス鋼など各種の合金からなる熱膨張率の異なる２種類の材料を積層したものが、所要条件に応じて組み合わせて使用される。 (4) The thermally responsive element 5 changes the state of the movable piece 4 from the conductive state in which the movable contact 41 contacts the fixed contact 21 to the cutoff state in which the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21. The thermally responsive element 5 has an initial shape curved in an arc shape and is formed by laminating thin plates having different coefficients of thermal expansion. When the operating temperature is reached due to overheating, the curved shape of the thermally responsive element 5 reversely warps with snap motion, and is restored when the temperature falls below the return temperature due to cooling. The initial shape of the thermoresponsive element 5 can be formed by press working. The material and shape of the thermally responsive element 5 are not particularly limited as long as the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 is pushed up by the reverse warp operation of the thermally responsive element 5 at the desired temperature and is restored by the elastic force of the elastic portion 43. Although not limited, a rectangular shape is desirable from the viewpoint of productivity and efficiency of the reverse warpage operation, and a rectangular shape is desirable in order to efficiently push up the elastic portion 43 while being small. The thermal response element 5 may be made of, for example, copper-nickel-manganese alloy or nickel-chromium-iron alloy on the high expansion side and iron-nickel alloy on the low expansion side, such as nickel silver, brass, and stainless steel. Two kinds of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion made of various alloys such as steel are laminated and used in combination according to required conditions.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、可動片４が遮断状態にあるとき、第１端子片２と第２端子片３及び可動片４とを導通させる。ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、第１端子片２の第１接続部２３及び第２端子片３の第２接続部３３と熱応動素子５との間に配設されている。熱応動素子５の逆反り動作により第１端子片２と可動片４との通電が遮断されたとき、ＰＴＣサーミスター６に流れる電流が増大する。ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、温度上昇と共に抵抗値が増大して電流を制限する正特性サーミスターであれば、作動電流、作動電圧、作動温度、復帰温度などの必要に応じて種類を選択でき、その材料及び形状はこれらの諸特性を損なわない限り特に限定されるものではない。本実施形態では、チタニウム酸バリウム、チタニウム酸ストロンチウム又はチタニウム酸カルシウムを含むセラミック焼結体が用いられる。セラミック焼結体の他、ポリマーにカーボン等の導電性粒子を含有させたいわゆるポリマーＰＴＣを用いてもよい。 The PTC thermistor 6 conducts the first terminal piece 2 with the second terminal piece 3 and the movable piece 4 when the movable piece 4 is in the cutoff state. The PTC thermistor 6 is disposed between the first connection part 23 of the first terminal piece 2 and the second connection part 33 of the second terminal piece 3 and the thermally responsive element 5. When the conduction between the first terminal piece 2 and the movable piece 4 is interrupted by the reverse warp operation of the thermally responsive element 5, the current flowing through the PTC thermistor 6 increases. If the PTC thermistor 6 is a PTC thermistor whose resistance value increases with increasing temperature to limit the current, the type of the operating current, operating voltage, operating temperature, return temperature, etc. can be selected as required. The material and shape are not particularly limited as long as these properties are not impaired. In this embodiment, a ceramic sintered body containing barium titanate, strontium titanate, or calcium titanate is used. In addition to the ceramic sintered body, a so-called polymer PTC in which a polymer contains conductive particles such as carbon may be used.
　ケース１０を構成するケース本体７及び蓋部材８は、難燃性のポリアミド、耐熱性に優れたポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）、液晶ポリマー（ＬＣＰ）、ポリブチレンテレフタレート（ＰＢＴ）などの熱可塑性樹脂により成形されている。上述した樹脂と同等以上の特性が得られるのであれば、樹脂以外の絶縁材料を適用してもよい。 The case body 7 and the lid member 8 constituting the case 10 are molded from a thermoplastic resin such as flame-retardant polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) having excellent heat resistance. Have been. An insulating material other than the resin may be applied as long as characteristics equivalent to or higher than those of the resin described above can be obtained.
　ケース本体７には、可動片４、熱応動素子５及びＰＴＣサーミスター６などを収容するための内部空間である収容凹部７３が形成されている。収容凹部７３は、可動片４を収容するための開口７３ａ，７３ｂ、可動片４及び熱応動素子５を収容するための開口７３ｃ、並びに、ＰＴＣサーミスター６を収容するための開口７３ｄ等を有している。なお、ケース本体７に組み込まれた熱応動素子５の端縁は、収容凹部７３の内部に形成されている枠によって適宜当接され、熱応動素子５の逆反り時に案内される。 収容 A housing recess 73 is formed in the case body 7 as an internal space for housing the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, and the like. The accommodation recess 73 has openings 73a and 73b for accommodating the movable piece 4, an opening 73c for accommodating the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5, an opening 73d for accommodating the PTC thermistor 6, and the like. are doing. The edge of the thermally responsive element 5 incorporated in the case main body 7 is appropriately abutted by a frame formed inside the accommodating recess 73, and is guided when the thermally responsive element 5 is reversely warped.
　蓋部材８には、カバー片９がインサート成形によって埋め込まれている。カバー片９は、上述した銅等を主成分とする金属又はステンレス鋼等の金属をプレス加工することにより板状に形成される。カバー片９は、図２及び図３に示すように、可動片４のＡ面と適宜当接し、可動片４の動きを規制すると共に、蓋部材８のひいては筐体としてのケース１０の剛性・強度を高めつつブレーカー１の小型化に貢献する。 カ バ ー A cover piece 9 is embedded in the lid member 8 by insert molding. The cover piece 9 is formed in a plate shape by pressing the above-described metal containing copper or the like as a main component or a metal such as stainless steel. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the cover piece 9 appropriately contacts the A surface of the movable piece 4 to regulate the movement of the movable piece 4, and to reduce the rigidity and the rigidity of the case 10 as the housing by the lid member 8. It contributes to downsizing of the breaker 1 while increasing the strength.
　図１に示すように、第１端子片２、第２端子片３、可動片４、熱応動素子５及びＰＴＣサーミスター６等を収容したケース本体７の開口７３ａ、７３ｂ、７３ｃ等を塞ぐように、蓋部材８が、ケース本体７に装着される。ケース本体７と蓋部材８とは、例えば超音波溶着によって接合される。このとき、ケース本体７と蓋部材８とは、それぞれの外縁部の全周にわたって連続的に接合され、ケース１０の気密性が向上する。これにより、収容凹部７３がもたらすケース１０の内部空間は密閉され、可動片４、熱応動素子５及びＰＴＣサーミスター６等の部品がケース１０の外部の雰囲気から遮断され、保護されうる。 As shown in FIG. 1, the openings 73a, 73b, 73c and the like of the case main body 7 containing the first terminal piece 2, the second terminal piece 3, the movable piece 4, the thermal response element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, and the like are closed. Then, the lid member 8 is attached to the case main body 7. The case body 7 and the lid member 8 are joined by, for example, ultrasonic welding. At this time, the case body 7 and the lid member 8 are continuously joined over the entire periphery of the respective outer edges, and the airtightness of the case 10 is improved. Accordingly, the internal space of the case 10 provided by the housing recess 73 is sealed, and components such as the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, and the PTC thermistor 6 can be shielded from the atmosphere outside the case 10 and protected.
　図２は、通常の充電又は放電状態におけるブレーカー１の動作を示している。通常の充電又は放電状態においては、熱応動素子５は初期形状を維持（逆反り前）している。カバー片９には、可動片４の頂部４３ａと当接し、頂部４３ａを熱応動素子５の側に押圧する突出部９１が設けられている。突出部９１が頂部４３ａを押圧することにより、弾性部４３は、弾性変形し、その先端に形成されている可動接点４１が固定接点２１の側に押圧されて接触する。これにより、可動片４の弾性部４３などを通じてブレーカー１の第１端子片２と第２端子片３との間は導通している。可動片４の弾性部４３と熱応動素子５とが接触し、可動片４、熱応動素子５、ＰＴＣサーミスター６及び第１端子片２は、回路として導通していてもよい。 FIG. 2 shows the operation of the breaker 1 in a normal charge or discharge state. In a normal charge or discharge state, the thermally responsive element 5 maintains an initial shape (before reverse warpage). The cover piece 9 is provided with a protrusion 91 that contacts the top 43 a of the movable piece 4 and presses the top 43 a toward the thermally responsive element 5. When the protruding portion 91 presses the top portion 43a, the elastic portion 43 is elastically deformed, and the movable contact 41 formed at the tip thereof is pressed against the fixed contact 21 to come into contact therewith. Thereby, the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 of the breaker 1 are electrically connected through the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 and the like. The elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 comes into contact with the thermally responsive element 5, and the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, and the first terminal piece 2 may be electrically connected as a circuit.
　図３は、過充電状態又は異常時などにおけるブレーカー１の動作を示している。過充電又は異常により高温状態となると、作動温度に達した熱応動素子５は逆反りし、可動片４の弾性部４３が押し上げられて固定接点２１と可動接点４１とが離隔する。ブレーカー１の内部で熱応動素子５が変形し、可動片４を押し上げるときの熱応動素子５の作動温度は、例えば、７０℃～９０℃である。このとき、固定接点２１と可動接点４１の間を流れていた電流は遮断され、僅かな漏れ電流が熱応動素子５及びＰＴＣサーミスター６を通して流れることとなる。ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、このような漏れ電流の流れる限り発熱を続け、熱応動素子５を逆反り状態に維持させつつ抵抗値を激増させるので、電流は固定接点２１と可動接点４１の間の経路を流れず、上述の僅かな漏れ電流のみが存在する（自己保持回路を構成する）。この漏れ電流は安全装置の他の機能に充てることができる。なお、本実施形態では、作動温度に達した熱応動素子５が逆反り変形する状況においても頂部４３ａと突出部９１との当接が維持される。これにより、頂部４３ａと突出部９１との当接箇所が支点となって可動片４が押し上げられ、固定接点２１と可動接点４１との距離が容易に維持される。また、可動片４が突出部９１によって支持されて、突出部９１が熱応動素子５の押し上げ力の一部を負担するので、可動片４の接合部４２にかかる力が抑制され、接合部３１からの接合部４２の剥離が抑制される。 FIG. 3 shows an operation of the breaker 1 in an overcharged state or an abnormal state. When the temperature reaches a high temperature state due to overcharging or an abnormality, the thermoresponsive element 5 that has reached the operating temperature reversely warps, the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 is pushed up, and the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 are separated. The operating temperature of the thermoresponsive element 5 when the movable piece 4 is pushed up when the thermoresponsive element 5 is deformed inside the breaker 1 is, for example, 70 ° C. to 90 ° C. At this time, the current flowing between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 is cut off, and a slight leakage current flows through the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6. The PTC thermistor 6 continues to generate heat as long as such a leakage current flows and sharply increases the resistance value while maintaining the thermally responsive element 5 in a reverse warp state, so that the current flows through the path between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41. , And only the slight leakage current described above exists (constituting a self-holding circuit). This leakage current can be used for other functions of the safety device. In the present embodiment, the contact between the top portion 43a and the protruding portion 91 is maintained even in a situation where the thermally responsive element 5 that has reached the operating temperature is reversely warped. Thereby, the movable piece 4 is pushed up with the contact point between the top 43a and the protrusion 91 serving as a fulcrum, and the distance between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 is easily maintained. In addition, since the movable piece 4 is supported by the protruding portion 91 and the protruding portion 91 bears a part of the pushing-up force of the thermally responsive element 5, the force applied to the joint 42 of the movable piece 4 is suppressed, and the joint 31 The peeling of the joint 42 from the surface is suppressed.
　図４は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６を示している。ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、熱応動素子５と対向する第１面６１と、熱応動素子５と対向しない第２面６２とを有している。図４において、第１面６１は上方に面する。第２面６２は、下方に面する第２面６２ａ、側方に面する第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃを含んでいる。第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃは、第１面６１と交差する側面である。 FIG. 4 shows the PTC thermistor 6. The PTC thermistor 6 has a first surface 61 facing the thermal response element 5 and a second surface 62 not facing the thermal response element 5. In FIG. 4, the first surface 61 faces upward. The second surface 62 includes a second surface 62a facing downward, and second surfaces 62b and 62c facing sideways. The second surfaces 62b and 62c are side surfaces that intersect with the first surface 61.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６の抵抗値は、加熱に伴い急激に増大する。ＰＴＣサーミスター６の状態が低抵抗状態から高抵抗状態に移行する温度は、トリップ温度と称される。 (4) The resistance value of the PTC thermistor 6 rapidly increases with heating. The temperature at which the state of the PTC thermistor 6 shifts from the low resistance state to the high resistance state is called a trip temperature.
　図１等に示されるように、本実施形態のブレーカー１では、第１端子片２の第１接続部２３及び第２端子片３の第２接続部３３は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の第２面６２ａと接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, in the breaker 1 of the present embodiment, the first connection part 23 of the first terminal piece 2 and the second connection part 33 of the second terminal piece 3 are connected to the second surface of the PTC thermistor 6. 62a.
　図５は、熱応動素子５の動作温度未満の温度下で、落下に伴う衝撃によって固定接点２１から可動接点４１が離隔している状態のブレーカー１を示している。ブレーカー１に大きな衝撃が加えられると、固定接点２１から可動接点４１が離隔し、第１端子片２と弾性部４３との導通が遮断される。 FIG. 5 shows the breaker 1 in a state where the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21 by an impact caused by dropping at a temperature lower than the operating temperature of the thermoresponsive element 5. When a large impact is applied to the breaker 1, the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21, and the conduction between the first terminal piece 2 and the elastic portion 43 is cut off.
  本ブレーカー１では、上述した第１端子片２と弾性部４３との導通が遮断される事態にあっても、第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３とＰＴＣサーミスター６の第２面６２ａとの接続状態は維持される。従って、トリップ温度未満で低抵抗状態にあるＰＴＣサーミスター６を介して第１端子片２と第２端子片３との導通が維持され、電気機器各部への電力供給の瞬断を抑制できる。 In the present breaker 1, even when the conduction between the first terminal piece 2 and the elastic portion 43 is interrupted, the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 and the second surface 62 a of the PTC thermistor 6 are prevented. The connection state with is maintained. Therefore, the conduction between the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 is maintained via the PTC thermistor 6 which is in a low resistance state at a temperature lower than the trip temperature, and an instantaneous interruption of power supply to each part of the electric device can be suppressed.
　また、第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３は、熱応動素子５と対向しない第２面６２ａでＰＴＣサーミスター６と接続されているので、熱応動素子５とＰＴＣサーミスター６とを接近させて配置することができ、ブレーカー１の寸法が肥大することがない。従って、容易に小型化を図りつつ、電力供給の瞬断を抑制することが可能となる。さらにまた、特許文献１に開示されているリードワイヤー等の構成が不要となるため、簡素で低コストな構成により、電力供給の瞬断を抑制できるようになる。 In addition, since the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 are connected to the PTC thermistor 6 at the second surface 62a that does not face the thermal response element 5, the thermal response element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 are close to each other. The breaker 1 can be arranged so that the size of the breaker 1 does not increase. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce the size and suppress the momentary interruption of the power supply. Furthermore, since the configuration of the lead wire and the like disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not required, the instantaneous interruption of power supply can be suppressed with a simple and low-cost configuration.
　なお、図３に示される遮断状態では、熱応動素子５が逆反り変形するほどの温度に上昇しているため、ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、トリップ温度以上の高抵抗状態にある。従って、ＰＴＣサーミスター６において大きな電圧降下が生じ、第１端子片２と第２端子片３との間を流れる電流は上述した自己保持回路を維持できる程度である。 In the shut-off state shown in FIG. 3, since the temperature of the thermally responsive element 5 has risen to such a degree that the warp deformation occurs, the PTC thermistor 6 is in a high resistance state at or above the trip temperature. Therefore, a large voltage drop occurs in the PTC thermistor 6, and the current flowing between the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 is such that the self-holding circuit described above can be maintained.
　図４に示されるように、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の固定接点２１側の端部には、第１接続部２３と電気的に接続される第１電極６３が形成されている。一方、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の接合部３１側の端部には、第２接続部３３と電気的に接続される第２電極６４が形成されている。本実施形態では、ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、第２面６２ａにおいて第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３と接続されるので、第１電極６３及び第２電極６４は少なくとも第２面６２ａに形成されていればよい。なお、ＰＴＣサーミスター６としてセラミック焼結体が用いられる場合には、第１電極６３と第２電極６４との間の抵抗値を低くするために、電極間の距離（接点ギャップ）が短く設定されるのが好ましい。例えば、製造上の精度及び電流のリークも考慮すると、上記電極間の距離は、０．１～０．５ｍｍが好ましい。 As shown in FIG. 4, a first electrode 63 that is electrically connected to the first connection portion 23 is formed at an end of the PTC thermistor 6 on the fixed contact 21 side. On the other hand, a second electrode 64 that is electrically connected to the second connection portion 33 is formed at an end of the PTC thermistor 6 on the joint portion 31 side. In the present embodiment, since the PTC thermistor 6 is connected to the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 on the second surface 62a, the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are formed on at least the second surface 62a. It should just be done. When a ceramic sintered body is used as the PTC thermistor 6, the distance between the electrodes (contact gap) is set short to reduce the resistance between the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64. Preferably. For example, in consideration of manufacturing accuracy and current leakage, the distance between the electrodes is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
　第１電極６３及び第２電極６４によって、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３との接触抵抗が低減され、上記瞬断時における第１端子片２と第２端子片３との間の電圧降下が抑制される。 The first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 reduce the contact resistance between the PTC thermistor 6 and the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33, and the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece at the time of the instantaneous interruption. 3 is suppressed.
　本実施形態では、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の厚さ方向で、第１面６１とは反対側に配されている第２面６２ａでＰＴＣサーミスター６と第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３との導通が維持される。従って、熱応動素子５とＰＴＣサーミスター６の第１面６１との間に介在する部材（例えば、特許文献１におけるリードワイヤー）を廃することができ、熱応動素子５とＰＴＣサーミスター６とを接近させて配置することが可能となる。 In the present embodiment, in the thickness direction of the PTC thermistor 6, the PTC thermistor 6 and the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 are formed on the second surface 62 a arranged on the opposite side to the first surface 61. Is maintained. Therefore, a member (for example, a lead wire in Patent Document 1) interposed between the thermoresponsive element 5 and the first surface 61 of the PTC thermistor 6 can be eliminated, and the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 can be eliminated. Can be arranged close to each other.
　第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３は、同一平面上に配されているのが望ましい。このような構成により、ケース本体７の厚さ寸法を抑制し、ブレーカー１の低背化を図ることができる。また、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の第２面６２ａを平面で構成できる。 It is desirable that the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 are arranged on the same plane. With such a configuration, the thickness of the case body 7 can be suppressed, and the height of the breaker 1 can be reduced. Further, the second surface 62a of the PTC thermistor 6 can be constituted by a flat surface.
　図１に示されるように、ケース本体７の内側には、可動片４、熱応動素子５及びＰＴＣサーミスター６を収容するための収容凹部７３が形成されている。収容凹部７３は、可動片４及び熱応動素子５を収容するための第１穴部７５と、ＰＴＣサーミスター６を収容するための第２穴部７６とを有している。第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３は、第２穴部７６の底壁の一部を構成し、第２穴部７６に露出している。これにより、ケース本体７内で第１接続部２３、第２接続部３３及びＰＴＣサーミスター６がコンパクトに収容される。また、第２穴部７６にＰＴＣサーミスター６を挿入することにより、第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３と、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の第１電極６３及び第２電極６４とがそれぞれ容易に接続され、ブレーカー１の生産性が高められる。 As shown in FIG. 1, a housing recess 73 for housing the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, and the PTC thermistor 6 is formed inside the case body 7. The housing recess 73 has a first hole 75 for housing the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 and a second hole 76 for housing the PTC thermistor 6. The first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 constitute a part of the bottom wall of the second hole 76 and are exposed in the second hole 76. Thereby, the first connection part 23, the second connection part 33, and the PTC thermistor 6 are compactly accommodated in the case body 7. In addition, by inserting the PTC thermistor 6 into the second hole 76, the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 and the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 of the PTC thermistor 6 can be easily respectively. It is connected, and the productivity of the breaker 1 is increased.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６の第１面６１は熱応動素子５と対向するので、図３に示されるように、過熱によって変形した熱応動素子５は、第１面６１と当接する。これにより、両者の当接箇所が熱応動素子５及び可動片４の弾性部４３の支点として作用し、固定接点２１からの可動接点４１の距離が十分に確保される。 (3) Since the first surface 61 of the PTC thermistor 6 is opposed to the thermally responsive element 5, the thermally responsive element 5 deformed by overheating comes into contact with the first surface 61 as shown in FIG. As a result, the contact portion between the two functions as a fulcrum of the heat responsive element 5 and the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4, and the distance of the movable contact 41 from the fixed contact 21 is sufficiently ensured.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３と導電性接着剤を介して固着されているのが望ましい。導電性接着剤としては、例えば、銀ペースト等の導電性に優れた金属粉を成分として含む接着剤が挙げられる。このような構成によって、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３との接触抵抗が低減される。また、ブレーカー１に落下等の大きな衝撃が加えられた場合であっても、第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３からのＰＴＣサーミスター６の離隔が抑制される。 (4) It is desirable that the PTC thermistor 6 is fixed to the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 via a conductive adhesive. Examples of the conductive adhesive include an adhesive containing a metal powder having excellent conductivity such as a silver paste as a component. With such a configuration, the contact resistance between the PTC thermistor 6 and the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 is reduced. Further, even when a large impact such as a drop is applied to the breaker 1, the separation of the PTC thermistor 6 from the first connection portion 23 and the second connection portion 33 is suppressed.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、第２穴部７６に圧入されるように構成されていてもよい。このような構成は、第２穴部７６のサイズをＰＴＣサーミスター６よりも僅かに小さく設定することより実現できる。ＰＴＣサーミスター６が第２穴部７６に圧入されることにより、ＰＴＣサーミスター６が第２穴部７６の側壁等で強固に固定され、ブレーカー１に落下等の大きな衝撃が加えられた場合であっても、第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３からのＰＴＣサーミスター６の離隔がより一層抑制される。 The PTC thermistor 6 may be configured to be press-fitted into the second hole 76. Such a configuration can be realized by setting the size of the second hole 76 slightly smaller than that of the PTC thermistor 6. When the PTC thermistor 6 is press-fitted into the second hole portion 76, the PTC thermistor 6 is firmly fixed to the side wall of the second hole portion 76 and the like. Even so, the separation of the PTC thermistor 6 from the first connection part 23 and the second connection part 33 is further suppressed.
　図６は、図１乃至図３、図５に示されるブレーカー１の変形例であるブレーカー１Ａの断面を示している。ブレーカー１Ａのうち、以下で説明されてない部分については、上述したブレーカー１の構成が採用されうる。  FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a breaker 1A which is a modification of the breaker 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. For the portions of the breaker 1A that are not described below, the configuration of the breaker 1 described above can be employed.
　ブレーカー１Ａは、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃにて第１端子片２Ａ、第２端子片３Ａと接続される点でブレーカー１とは異なる。第２面６２ｂは、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の固定接点２１の側を向く側面であり、第２面６２ｃは、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の接合部３１の側を向く側面である。 The breaker 1A is different from the breaker 1 in that the breaker 1A is connected to the first terminal piece 2A and the second terminal piece 3A at the second surfaces 62b and 62c of the PTC thermistor 6. The second surface 62b is a side surface facing the fixed contact 21 side of the PTC thermistor 6, and the second surface 62c is a side surface facing the joint portion 31 side of the PTC thermistor 6.
　これに伴い、第１端子片２Ａ及び第２端子片３Ａの形状は、第１端子片２及び第２端子片３から変更されている。すなわち、第１端子片２Ａは、第２面６２ｂと電気的に接続される第１接続部２３Ａを有する。第１接続部２３Ａは、第２面６２ｂに沿ってＰＴＣサーミスター６の厚さ方向に曲げられている。本実施形態では、第１接続部２３Ａは、熱応動素子５から離れる方向に屈曲されているが、熱応動素子５に接近する方向に屈曲されていてもよい。 伴 い Accordingly, the shapes of the first terminal piece 2A and the second terminal piece 3A have been changed from the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3. That is, the first terminal piece 2A has the first connection portion 23A electrically connected to the second surface 62b. The first connection portion 23A is bent in the thickness direction of the PTC thermistor 6 along the second surface 62b. In the present embodiment, the first connection portion 23A is bent in a direction away from the thermoresponsive element 5, but may be bent in a direction approaching the thermoresponsive element 5.
　同様に、第２端子片３Ａは、第２面６２ｃと電気的に接続される第２接続部３３Ａを有する。第２接続部３３Ａは、第２面６２ｃに沿ってＰＴＣサーミスター６の厚さ方向に曲げられている。本実施形態では、第２接続部３３Ａは、熱応動素子５から離れる方向に屈曲されているが、熱応動素子５に接近する方向に屈曲されていてもよい。 Similarly, the second terminal piece 3A has the second connection portion 33A electrically connected to the second surface 62c. The second connecting portion 33A is bent in the thickness direction of the PTC thermistor 6 along the second surface 62c. In the present embodiment, the second connection portion 33A is bent in a direction away from the thermoresponsive element 5, but may be bent in a direction approaching the thermoresponsive element 5.
  本ブレーカー１Ａでは、上述した第１端子片２Ａと弾性部４３との導通が遮断される事態にあっても、第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３ＡとＰＴＣサーミスター６の第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃとの接続状態は維持される。従って、トリップ温度未満で低抵抗状態にあるＰＴＣサーミスター６を介して第１端子片２Ａと第２端子片３Ａとの導通が維持され、電気機器各部への電力供給の瞬断を抑制できる。 In the present breaker 1A, even if the conduction between the first terminal piece 2A and the elastic portion 43 is interrupted, the first connection portion 23A, the second connection portion 33A, and the second surface 62b of the PTC thermistor 6 can be used. , 62c is maintained. Therefore, the conduction between the first terminal piece 2A and the second terminal piece 3A is maintained via the PTC thermistor 6 which is in a low resistance state at a temperature lower than the trip temperature, and an instantaneous interruption of power supply to each part of the electric device can be suppressed.
　また、第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３Ａは、熱応動素子５と対向しない第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃでＰＴＣサーミスター６と接続されているので、熱応動素子５とＰＴＣサーミスター６とを接近させて配置することができ、ブレーカー１の寸法が肥大することがない。従って、容易に小型化を図りつつ、簡素で低コストな構成により、電力供給の瞬断を抑制できるようになる。 Further, since the first connecting portion 23A and the second connecting portion 33A are connected to the PTC thermistor 6 at the second surfaces 62b and 62c which do not face the thermal responsive element 5, the thermal responsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 are connected to each other. Can be arranged close to each other, and the size of the breaker 1 does not increase. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an instantaneous interruption of power supply with a simple and low-cost configuration while easily reducing the size.
　ブレーカー１Ａでは、ＰＴＣサーミスター６の第２面６２ａに沿って第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３Ａが配されないので、ブレーカー１に対してさらなる低背化を図ることが可能となる。 In the breaker 1A, since the first connection portion 23A and the second connection portion 33A are not arranged along the second surface 62a of the PTC thermistor 6, the height of the breaker 1 can be further reduced.
　ブレーカー１Ａでは、ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃにおいて第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３Ａと接続されるので、第１電極６３及び第２電極６４は少なくとも第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃに形成されていればよい（図４参照）。 In the breaker 1A, the PTC thermistor 6 is connected to the first connection portion 23A and the second connection portion 33A at the second surfaces 62b and 62c, so that the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are connected to at least the second surface 62b, 62c (see FIG. 4).
　本実施形態では、第１面６１と交差する第２面６２ｂ，６２ｃでＰＴＣサーミスター６と第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３Ａとの導通が維持される。従って、熱応動素子５とＰＴＣサーミスター６の第１面６１との間に介在する部材を廃することができ、熱応動素子５とＰＴＣサーミスター６とを接近させて配置することが可能となる。 In the present embodiment, the continuity between the PTC thermistor 6 and the first connection portion 23A and the second connection portion 33A is maintained at the second surfaces 62b and 62c intersecting the first surface 61. Therefore, the member interposed between the thermoresponsive element 5 and the first surface 61 of the PTC thermistor 6 can be eliminated, and the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6 can be arranged close to each other. Become.
　第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３Ａは、可動片４の長手方向で対向して配されている。これにより、ケース本体７の幅寸法（可動片４の短手方向の寸法）が抑制され、ブレーカー１Ａの小型化を図ることが容易となる。 The first connecting portion 23A and the second connecting portion 33A are arranged to face each other in the longitudinal direction of the movable piece 4. Thereby, the width dimension of the case main body 7 (the dimension in the short direction of the movable piece 4) is suppressed, and it is easy to reduce the size of the breaker 1A.
　第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３Ａは、第２穴部７６の側壁の一部を構成し、第２穴部７６に露出している。これにより、ブレーカー１と同様に、ケース本体７内で第１接続部２３Ａ、第２接続部３３Ａ及びＰＴＣサーミスター６がコンパクトに収容され、また、ブレーカー１Ａの生産性が高められる。 The first connection portion 23A and the second connection portion 33A constitute a part of the side wall of the second hole 76 and are exposed in the second hole 76. Thus, similarly to the breaker 1, the first connection portion 23A, the second connection portion 33A, and the PTC thermistor 6 are compactly accommodated in the case body 7, and the productivity of the breaker 1A is increased.
　ブレーカー１と同様に、ブレーカー１Ａにおいても、ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、第１接続部２３Ａ及び第２接続部３３Ａと導電性接着剤を介して固着されているのが望ましい。また、ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、第２穴部７６に圧入されるように構成されていてもよい。 Similarly to the breaker 1, in the breaker 1A as well, it is desirable that the PTC thermistor 6 is fixed to the first connecting portion 23A and the second connecting portion 33A via a conductive adhesive. Further, the PTC thermistor 6 may be configured to be pressed into the second hole 76.
　本発明のブレーカー１は、上記実施形態の構成に限られることなく、種々の態様に変更して実施されうる。すなわち、ブレーカー１等は、少なくとも、第１端子２２及び固定接点２１を有する第１端子片２と、可動接点４１を有し、可動接点４１を固定接点２１に押圧して接触させる可動片４と、第２端子３２を有し、可動片４に電気的に接続されている第２端子片３と、温度変化に伴って変形することにより可動接点４１が固定接点２１から離隔するように可動片４を作動させる熱応動素子５と、第１端子片２と第２端子片３とを導通させるＰＴＣサーミスター６とを備え、第１端子片２は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と電気的に接続される第１接続部２３を有し、第２端子片３は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６と電気的に接続される第２接続部３３を有し、ＰＴＣサーミスター６は、熱応動素子５と対向する第１面６１と、熱応動素子５と対向しない第２面６２とを有し、第１接続部２３及び第２接続部３３は、第２面６２でＰＴＣサーミスター６と接続されていればよい。 ブ The breaker 1 of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various modes. That is, the breaker 1 or the like has at least the first terminal piece 2 having the first terminal 22 and the fixed contact 21, the movable piece 4 having the movable contact 41, and pressing the movable contact 41 against the fixed contact 21. And a second terminal piece 3 having a second terminal 32 and electrically connected to the movable piece 4, and a movable piece such that the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21 by being deformed with a change in temperature. 4 and a PTC thermistor 6 for conducting the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3. The first terminal piece 2 is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6. The second terminal piece 3 has a second connection portion 33 that is electrically connected to the PTC thermistor 6, and the PTC thermistor 6 faces the thermally responsive element 5. The first surface 61 and the second surface not facing the thermoresponsive element 5 And a 62, the first connecting portion 23 and the second connecting portion 33 may be connected with the PTC thermistor 6 at the second surface 62.
　例えば、ケース本体７と蓋部材８との接合手法は、超音波溶着に限られることなく、両者が強固に接合される手法であれば、適宜適用することができる。例えば、液状又はゲル状の接着剤を塗布・充填し、硬化させることにより、両者が接着されてもよい。また、ケース１０は、ケース本体７と蓋部材８等によって構成される形態に限られることなく、２個以上の部品によって構成されていればよい。 For example, the joining method of the case body 7 and the lid member 8 is not limited to the ultrasonic welding, and may be appropriately applied as long as both are firmly joined. For example, both may be adhered by applying and filling a liquid or gel adhesive and curing the adhesive. In addition, the case 10 is not limited to the form constituted by the case main body 7 and the lid member 8 and the like, but may be constituted by two or more parts.
　また、可動片４をバイメタル又はトリメタル等の積層金属によって形成することにより、可動片４と熱応動素子５を一体的に形成する構成であってもよい。この場合、ブレーカー１等の構成が簡素化されて、小型化を図ることができる。 The movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 may be integrally formed by forming the movable piece 4 from a laminated metal such as a bimetal or a trimetal. In this case, the configuration of the breaker 1 and the like is simplified, and the size can be reduced.
　また、本発明のブレーカー１等は、２次電池パック、電気機器用の安全回路等にも広く適用できる。図８は２次電池パック５００を示す。２次電池パック５００は、２次電池５０１と、２次電池５０１の出力端回路中に設けたブレーカー１等とを備える。図９は電気機器用の安全回路５０２を示す。安全回路５０２は２次電池５０１の出力回路中に直列にブレーカー１等を備えている。ブレーカー１等を備えたコネクタを含むケーブルによって安全回路５０２の一部が構成されていてもよい。 ブ Further, the breaker 1 and the like of the present invention can be widely applied to a secondary battery pack, a safety circuit for electric equipment, and the like. FIG. 8 shows a secondary battery pack 500. The secondary battery pack 500 includes a secondary battery 501, a breaker 1 provided in an output terminal circuit of the secondary battery 501, and the like. FIG. 9 shows a safety circuit 502 for an electric device. The safety circuit 502 includes a breaker 1 and the like in series in the output circuit of the secondary battery 501. A part of the safety circuit 502 may be configured by a cable including a connector including the breaker 1 and the like.
　第１電極６３及び第２電極６４は、例えば、銅又は銅を主成分とする金属板によって構成される。第１電極６３及び第２電極６４の表面には、例えば、ニッケルめっきが施されるのが望ましい。 The first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are made of, for example, copper or a metal plate containing copper as a main component. The surfaces of the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are desirably plated with, for example, nickel.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６の第１電極６３と、第２電極６４との間の電気抵抗は、１～２Ωが望ましい。上記電気抵抗が１Ω以上であることにより、漏れ電流が適度に抑制される。一方、上記電気抵抗が２Ω以下であることにより、上記瞬断時における第１端子片２と第２端子片３との間の電圧降下が適度に抑制される。 The electric resistance between the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 of the PTC thermistor 6 is desirably 1-2Ω. When the electric resistance is 1Ω or more, the leakage current is appropriately suppressed. On the other hand, when the electric resistance is 2Ω or less, a voltage drop between the first terminal piece 2 and the second terminal piece 3 during the instantaneous interruption is appropriately suppressed.
　図９は、上記ＰＴＣサーミスター６の変形例であり、本発明のブレーカー１に好適に用いられるＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａの構成を示している。ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａのうち、以下で説明されてない部分については、上述したＰＴＣサーミスター６の構成が採用されうる。 FIG. 9 is a modified example of the PTC thermistor 6 and shows a configuration of a PTC thermistor 6A suitably used for the breaker 1 of the present invention. The parts of the PTC thermistor 6A that are not described below can adopt the configuration of the PTC thermistor 6 described above.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａは、第１電極６３及び第２電極６４が第２面６２ａのみに形成されている点で、上記ＰＴＣサーミスター６とは相違する。第１電極６３及び第２電極６４の表面には、例えば、ニッケルめっきが施されるのが望ましい。ニッケルめっきによって、第１接続部２３と第１電極６３との間及び第２接続部３３と第２電極６４との間での電圧降下が抑制され、上記瞬断時における第１端子片２と第２端子片３との間の電圧降下が容易に抑制される。 The PTC thermistor 6A is different from the PTC thermistor 6 in that the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are formed only on the second surface 62a. The surfaces of the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 are desirably plated with, for example, nickel. The nickel plating suppresses a voltage drop between the first connection part 23 and the first electrode 63 and between the second connection part 33 and the second electrode 64, and prevents the first terminal piece 2 from being instantaneously interrupted. Voltage drop between the second terminal piece 3 and the second terminal piece 3 is easily suppressed.
　また、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａは、第１面６１に金属板６５が設けられていてもよい。金属板６５は、例えば、銅又は銅を主成分とする金属板によって構成されうる。金属板６５は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａの側面で第１電極６３及び第２電極６４とは分離されている。金属板６５は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａを補強し、過熱により熱応動素子５が変形した際のＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａの変形を抑制する。 Further, the PTC thermistor 6A may be provided with the metal plate 65 on the first surface 61. The metal plate 65 can be composed of, for example, copper or a metal plate containing copper as a main component. The metal plate 65 is separated from the first electrode 63 and the second electrode 64 on the side surface of the PTC thermistor 6A. The metal plate 65 reinforces the PTC thermistor 6A and suppresses the deformation of the PTC thermistor 6A when the thermoresponsive element 5 is deformed due to overheating.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａでは、第１面６１の全体に金属板６５が形成されている。このような金属板６５によってＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａの撓みが容易に抑制される。 In the PTC thermistor 6A, a metal plate 65 is formed on the entire first surface 61. The bending of the PTC thermistor 6A is easily suppressed by such a metal plate 65.
　図１０、１１は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６に替えてＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａが適用されたブレーカーを示している。図１０は、図２と同様に通常の充電又は放電状態を示し、図１１は、図３と同様に過充電状態又は異常時において過熱により熱応動素子５が変形した状態を示している。 FIGS. 10 and 11 show a breaker to which a PTC thermistor 6A is applied in place of the PTC thermistor 6. FIG. FIG. 10 shows a normal charging or discharging state as in FIG. 2, and FIG. 11 shows a state in which the thermally responsive element 5 is deformed by overheating in an overcharged state or an abnormal state as in FIG.
　図１１に示される状態では、可動片４の弾性力（反力）が、熱応動素子５を介して伝達され、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａに作用する。本ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａでは、第１面６１の全体が金属板６５によって補強されているので、可動片４の弾性力がＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａに作用する状況にあっても、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａの変形等が抑制される。また、熱応動素子５が逆反り変形する状況においても、熱応動素子５とＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａの第１面６１とが直接的に接触しないので、第１面６１にかかる応力が低減され、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ａの変形等が抑制される。 で は In the state shown in FIG. 11, the elastic force (reaction force) of the movable piece 4 is transmitted through the thermally responsive element 5 and acts on the PTC thermistor 6A. In the present PTC thermistor 6A, since the entire first surface 61 is reinforced by the metal plate 65, even if the elastic force of the movable piece 4 acts on the PTC thermistor 6A, the deformation of the PTC thermistor 6A is prevented. Etc. are suppressed. Further, even in a situation where the thermally responsive element 5 is reversely warped, since the thermally responsive element 5 does not directly contact the first surface 61 of the PTC thermistor 6A, the stress applied to the first surface 61 is reduced, and the PTC Deformation of the thermistor 6A is suppressed.
　図１２は、上記ＰＴＣサーミスター６の別の変形例であり、本発明のブレーカー１に好適に用いられるＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂの構成を示している。ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂのうち、以下で説明されてない部分については、上述したＰＴＣサーミスター６、６Ａの構成が採用されうる。 FIG. 12 shows another modified example of the PTC thermistor 6 and shows a configuration of a PTC thermistor 6B suitably used for the breaker 1 of the present invention. For the portions of the PTC thermistor 6B that are not described below, the configuration of the PTC thermistors 6, 6A described above can be employed.
　図１２に示されるように、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂにあっても、第１面６１には金属板６５が設けられている。金属板６５は、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂを補強し、過熱により熱応動素子５が変形した際のＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂの変形等を抑制する。 As shown in FIG. 12, the metal plate 65 is provided on the first surface 61 even in the PTC thermistor 6B. The metal plate 65 reinforces the PTC thermistor 6B and suppresses the deformation and the like of the PTC thermistor 6B when the heat-responsive element 5 is deformed due to overheating.
　ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂにおいては、金属板６５の中央部には、金属板６５を厚さ方向に貫通する貫通孔６６が設けられている。ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂでは、図１４に示される熱応動素子５が逆反り変形する状況で、熱応動素子５と金属板６５との接触が回避される。これにより、可動片４から熱応動素子５及びＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂを経て、第１端子片２へと流れる漏れ電流が抑制される。従って、貫通孔６６は、図１４に示される状態で熱応動素子５がＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂと接触する中央の領域６７（図１２参照）に形成されるのが望ましい。ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂにあっては、領域６７は、第１面６１の中央に限られず、端縁にわたって形成されていてもよい。この場合であっても、ＰＴＣサーミスター６Ｂの変形を抑制する観点から、金属板６５は、第１面６１の第１端子片２側の端縁から第２端子片３側の端縁にわたって、少なくとも一部において連続して形成されているのが望ましい。 In the PTC thermistor 6B, a through hole 66 is provided at the center of the metal plate 65 so as to penetrate the metal plate 65 in the thickness direction. In the PTC thermistor 6B, the contact between the thermally responsive element 5 and the metal plate 65 is avoided in a situation where the thermally responsive element 5 shown in FIG. As a result, the leakage current flowing from the movable piece 4 to the first terminal piece 2 via the thermoresponsive element 5 and the PTC thermistor 6B is suppressed. Therefore, it is desirable that the through hole 66 is formed in the central region 67 (see FIG. 12) where the thermally responsive element 5 contacts the PTC thermistor 6B in the state shown in FIG. In the PTC thermistor 6B, the region 67 is not limited to the center of the first surface 61, and may be formed over the edge. Even in this case, from the viewpoint of suppressing the deformation of the PTC thermistor 6B, the metal plate 65 extends from the edge of the first surface 61 on the side of the first terminal piece 2 to the edge of the first terminal 61 on the side of the second terminal piece 3. It is desirable that they are formed continuously at least in part.
１　　：ブレーカー
２　　　：第１端子片
３　　　：第２端子片
４　　　：可動片
５　　　：熱応動素子
６　　　：ＰＴＣサーミスター（正特性サーミスター）
６Ａ　　：ＰＴＣサーミスター（正特性サーミスター）
６Ｂ　　：ＰＴＣサーミスター（正特性サーミスター）
２１　　：固定接点
２２　　：第１端子
２３　　：第１接続部
３２　　：第２端子
３３　　：第２接続部
４１　　：可動接点
４３　　：弾性部
６１　　：第１面
６２　　：第２面
６２ａ　：第２面
６２ｂ　：第２面（側面）
６２ｃ　：第２面（側面）
６３　　：第１電極
６４　　：第２電極
６５　　：金属板
７５　　：第１穴部
７６　　：第２穴部
５００　：２次電池パック
５０２　：安全回路 1: Breaker 2: First terminal piece 3: Second terminal piece 4: Movable piece 5: Thermal response element 6: PTC thermistor (positive characteristic thermistor)
6A: PTC thermistor (positive characteristic thermistor)
6B: PTC thermistor (positive characteristic thermistor)
21: fixed contact 22: first terminal 23: first connection part 32: second terminal 33: second connection part 41: movable contact 43: elastic part 61: first surface 62: second surface 62a: second surface 62b : 2nd surface (side surface)
62c: second surface (side surface)
63: first electrode 64: second electrode 65: metal plate 75: first hole 76: second hole 500: secondary battery pack 502: safety circuit

Claims (15)

  1. 　第１端子及び固定接点を有する第１端子片と、
    　可動接点を有し、前記可動接点を前記固定接点に押圧して接触させる可動片と、
    　第２端子を有し、前記可動片に電気的に接続されている第２端子片と、
    　温度変化に伴って変形することにより前記可動接点が前記固定接点から離隔するように前記可動片を作動させる熱応動素子と、
    　前記第１端子片と前記第２端子片とを導通させる正特性サーミスターとを備えたブレーカーであって、
    　前記第１端子片は、前記正特性サーミスターと電気的に接続される第１接続部を有し、
    　前記第２端子片は、前記正特性サーミスターと電気的に接続される第２接続部を有し、
    　前記正特性サーミスターは、前記熱応動素子と対向する第１面と、前記熱応動素子と対向しない第２面とを有し、
    　前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部は、前記第２面で前記正特性サーミスターと接続されている、ことを特徴とするブレーカー。     A first terminal piece having a first terminal and a fixed contact;
    A movable piece having a movable contact and pressing the movable contact against the fixed contact to make contact therewith;
    A second terminal piece having a second terminal and electrically connected to the movable piece;
    A thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact by being deformed with a change in temperature;
    A breaker comprising a positive temperature coefficient thermistor for electrically connecting said first terminal piece and said second terminal piece,
    The first terminal piece has a first connection portion electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor,
    The second terminal piece has a second connection portion electrically connected to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor,
    The positive temperature coefficient thermistor has a first surface facing the thermal response element and a second surface not facing the thermal response element,
    The said 1st connection part and the said 2nd connection part are connected with the said positive temperature coefficient thermistor by the said 2nd surface, The breaker characterized by the above-mentioned.
  2. 　前記第２面には、前記第１接続部と電気的に接続される第１電極と、前記第２接続部と電気的に接続される第２電極とが形成されている、請求項１記載のブレーカー。 The first electrode electrically connected to the first connection portion and a second electrode electrically connected to the second connection portion are formed on the second surface. Breaker.
  3. 　前記第２面は、前記正特性サーミスターの厚さ方向で、前記第１面とは反対側に配されている、請求項１又は２に記載のブレーカー。 The breaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second surface is disposed on a side opposite to the first surface in a thickness direction of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
  4. 　前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部は、同一平面上に配されている、請求項３記載のブレーカー。 The breaker according to claim 3, wherein the first connection portion and the second connection portion are arranged on the same plane.
  5. 　前記第２面は、前記正特性サーミスターの前記第１面と交差する側面である、請求項１又は２に記載のブレーカー。 The breaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second surface is a side surface that intersects the first surface of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
  6. 　前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部は、前記可動片の長手方向で対向して配されている、請求項３記載のブレーカー。 4. The breaker according to claim 3, wherein the first connection portion and the second connection portion are arranged to face each other in the longitudinal direction of the movable piece.
  7. 　前記熱応動素子は、変形時に前記第１面と当接する、請求項１乃至６のいずれかに記載のブレーカー。 The breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the thermally responsive element contacts the first surface when deformed.
  8. 　前記正特性サーミスターは、前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部と導電性接着剤を介して固着されている、請求項１乃至７のいずれかに記載のブレーカー。 The breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is fixed to the first connection portion and the second connection portion via a conductive adhesive.
  9. 　前記可動片及び前記熱応動素子を収容するための第１穴部と、前記正特性サーミスターを収容するための第２穴部とを有する第１ケースと、
    　前記第１穴部及び第２穴部を閉鎖するために前記第１ケースに装着される第２ケースと、をさらに備え、
    　前記第１端子片及び前記第２端子片は、前記第１ケースに埋設されている、請求項１乃至８のいずれかに記載のブレーカー。     A first case having a first hole for accommodating the movable piece and the thermoresponsive element, and a second hole for accommodating the PTC thermistor;
    A second case attached to the first case to close the first hole and the second hole,
    9. The breaker according to claim 1, wherein said first terminal piece and said second terminal piece are embedded in said first case.
  10. 　前記第１接続部及び前記第２接続部は、前記第２穴部に露出している、請求項９記載のブレーカー。 The breaker according to claim 9, wherein the first connection portion and the second connection portion are exposed in the second hole.
  11. 　前記正特性サーミスターは、前記第２穴部に圧入されている、請求項９又は１０に記載のブレーカー。 The breaker according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is press-fitted into the second hole.
  12. 　前記正特性サーミスターの前記第１電極と、前記第２電極との間の電気抵抗は、１～２Ωである、請求項２記載のブレーカー。 The circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the electrical resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is 1 to 2Ω.
  13. 　前記第１面には、前記正特性サーミスターを補強するための金属板が設けられている、請求項２又は１２に記載のブレーカー。 13. The breaker according to claim 2, wherein a metal plate for reinforcing the positive temperature coefficient thermistor is provided on the first surface.
  14. 　請求項１乃至１３のいずれかに記載のブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする電気機器用の安全回路。 A safety circuit for electrical equipment, comprising the breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
  15.   請求項１乃至１３のいずれかに記載のブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする２次電池パック。 A secondary battery pack comprising the breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
PCT/JP2019/028740 2018-07-24 2019-07-23 Circuit breaker, safety circuit and secondary battery pack WO2020022298A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60232630A (en) * 1984-04-14 1985-11-19 リミター・ゲーエムベーハー Bimetal protection switch
JPS62222529A (en) * 1986-03-25 1987-09-30 松下電工株式会社 Thermoswitch
JP2006149177A (en) * 2004-09-02 2006-06-08 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Protective part, protection device, battery pack and portable electronic device
JP2018060746A (en) * 2016-10-07 2018-04-12 ボーンズ株式会社 Breaker, and safety circuit and secondary battery pack each equipped with breaker

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60232630A (en) * 1984-04-14 1985-11-19 リミター・ゲーエムベーハー Bimetal protection switch
JPS62222529A (en) * 1986-03-25 1987-09-30 松下電工株式会社 Thermoswitch
JP2006149177A (en) * 2004-09-02 2006-06-08 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Protective part, protection device, battery pack and portable electronic device
JP2018060746A (en) * 2016-10-07 2018-04-12 ボーンズ株式会社 Breaker, and safety circuit and secondary battery pack each equipped with breaker

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