WO2020020225A1 - Matching circuit, terminal, and matching method - Google Patents

Matching circuit, terminal, and matching method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020020225A1
WO2020020225A1 PCT/CN2019/097496 CN2019097496W WO2020020225A1 WO 2020020225 A1 WO2020020225 A1 WO 2020020225A1 CN 2019097496 W CN2019097496 W CN 2019097496W WO 2020020225 A1 WO2020020225 A1 WO 2020020225A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
impedance
parameter
circuit
antenna
instruction
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PCT/CN2019/097496
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
来宝鹏
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西安中兴新软件有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2020020225A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020020225A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0067—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with one or more circuit blocks in common for different bands

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology.
  • Power consumption is an important indicator for mobile terminal products. Power reduction is usually achieved through impedance matching.
  • the RF circuit on the mobile terminal shares a set of matching circuits with the antenna, and the antenna is usually a full-band antenna. It can only ensure that the impedance matching in a certain frequency band converges. It cannot guarantee the impedance matching in each frequency band. It is impossible to achieve the lowest power consumption of the mobile terminal in each frequency band.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a matching circuit including a control circuit, an impedance adjustment circuit, a radio frequency circuit, and an antenna, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine a first based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located.
  • a parameter a first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance; and generating a first instruction based on the first parameter, and sending the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit; and the impedance adjustment circuit is configured to: receive The first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusting the capacitance and inductance in the own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, wherein the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna The RF impedance with the RF circuit satisfies a preset matching condition.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal.
  • the terminal includes a control circuit, an impedance adjustment circuit, a radio frequency circuit, and an antenna.
  • the control circuit is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located.
  • a first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance; based on the first parameter, generating a first instruction and sending the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit; and the impedance adjustment circuit is configured to: receive the A first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusting the capacitance and inductance in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, wherein the sum of the impedance of the first impedance and the antenna and the radio frequency The RF impedance of the circuit meets the preset matching conditions.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a matching method.
  • the method includes the following steps: a control circuit determines a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which an antenna is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance; and based on the first Parameters, generate a first instruction, and send the first instruction to an impedance adjustment circuit; and the impedance adjustment circuit receives the first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusts the The capacitance and inductance form a first impedance, wherein the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit satisfy a preset matching condition.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the Smith chart impedance on the RF link in the B8 frequency band in some cases
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Smith chart current line of a power amplifier load pull in a radio frequency link in a B8 frequency band in some cases;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit in some cases
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a matching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic flowchart of a matching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the power consumption of terminal power amplifiers basically accounts for about half of the power consumption of mobile phones. How to reduce the power consumption of mobile phones has become one of the main problems to be solved by terminal products.
  • the radio frequency circuit there are different matching circuits for different frequency bands and standards, so that the matching circuit of the power amplifier is optimal.
  • the antenna of the terminal product is integrated in all frequency band systems, it is not possible to achieve the optimal for different frequency bands at the same time. Therefore, after adding an antenna to a radio frequency circuit, current end products cannot minimize power consumption. In some cases, the power consumption of the product may deteriorate to more than double the minimum power consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is the Smith chart impedance diagram of the RF link on the B8 frequency band.
  • the Smith chart impedance of the B8 frequency band Convergence when no antenna is added to the RF link, the Smith chart impedance of the B8 frequency band Convergence, and after adding an antenna to the RF link, the Smith chart impedance of the B8 frequency band is not very convergent.
  • the B8 band of this project has the problem of incompatible RF impedance and antenna impedance.
  • FIG. 2 is a current diagram of a Smith chart of a power amplifier load pull (Loadpull) in a radio frequency link in a B8 frequency band.
  • the current in the B8 band spans about 150 mA. In this way, when the mobile phone uses the B8 band of the project, it will cause large current fluctuations, large power consumption, and relatively severe heat generation.
  • the control circuit is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance, and based on the first parameter, generate A first instruction, and sending the first instruction to an impedance adjustment circuit.
  • the impedance adjustment circuit is configured to: receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, the first impedance The sum of the impedance with the antenna and the RF impedance of the RF circuit satisfy a preset matching condition.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the matching circuit includes: a control circuit 41, an impedance adjustment circuit 42, a radio frequency circuit 43, and an antenna 44.
  • the control circuit 41 is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna 44 is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance, and generate a first instruction based on the first parameter, and The first instruction is sent to the impedance adjustment circuit 42.
  • the impedance adjustment circuit 42 is configured to: receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, and the first The sum of an impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43 satisfy a preset matching condition.
  • the first parameter may be a voltage, a current parameter, or the like that characterizes the impedance;
  • the elements in the impedance adjustment circuit 42 include, but are not limited to, a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, a tuning switch Tuner, and the like.
  • the preset matching condition may mean that the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 is equal to the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43, or the sum of the impedance of the first impedance and the antenna 44 and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43 meet
  • the yoke matching conditions such as the Smith chart impedance point formed by the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 and the Smith chart impedance point formed by the RF impedance, satisfy center symmetry on the Smith chart to achieve conjugate matching.
  • the preset matching conditions include, but are not limited to, equal impedance, conjugate matching, and the like.
  • the antenna impedance is 50 ohms, and the RF impedance corresponding to the RF circuit is 50 ohms. At this time, the antenna impedance matches the RF impedance; assuming that the terminal works in the B2 frequency band, the antenna impedance is 30 The RF impedance is 50 ohms. At this time, the antenna impedance does not match the RF impedance.
  • Different antenna states in the same operating frequency band also cause differences in antenna impedance. For example, assume that the antenna is currently in the B1 frequency band. When a user uses a left-handed terminal to make a call, assuming that the antenna impedance is 50 ohms and the radio frequency impedance is 50 ohms, the antenna impedance and the radio frequency impedance are matched; when the user When using a right-handed terminal to make a call, if the antenna impedance is 40 ohms and the RF impedance is 50 ohms, the antenna impedance does not match the RF impedance. When the terminal is placed in a free space such as a table, the antenna impedance is 45 ohms and radio frequency. If the impedance is 50 ohms, the antenna impedance does not match the RF impedance.
  • the antenna state refers to the current state of the terminal where the antenna is located, and specifically includes a left-handed terminal for a call, a right-handed terminal for a call, and the terminal being placed in a free space.
  • the impedance adjustment circuit 42 can use the first parameter to adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit. To form the first impedance, and make the sum of the first impedance and the antenna impedance match the RF impedance. In this way, it can be ensured that the antenna impedance and the RF impedance match in each working frequency band and each antenna state.
  • the elements in the impedance adjustment circuit 42 may include: a variable capacitor, a variable inductor, and a resonant switch, wherein only the capacitance is adjusted for the variable capacitance element; only the inductance is adjusted for the variable inductance element; Resonant switch can adjust capacitance and inductance at the same time.
  • this is not limited to the use of voltage values to adjust the capacitance and inductance of all the elements in the impedance adjustment circuit 42 to form the first impedance.
  • the implementation manner of forming the first impedance can be selected in combination with the actual situation. .
  • control circuit 41 is further configured to search the impedance parameter corresponding to the working frequency band from the preset correspondence between the frequency band and the impedance parameter; and use the searched impedance parameter as the first parameter.
  • control circuit 41 may further determine the impedance parameter according to the current operating frequency band and antenna state where the antenna is located; and use the determined impedance parameter as the first parameter.
  • the user can optimize the impedance parameter forming the first impedance under different antenna states of the corresponding operating frequency band through the vector network analyzer, so that under each antenna state corresponding to each operating frequency band
  • the sum of the antenna impedance, the first impedance, and the radio frequency impedance can satisfy the preset matching condition; and write the correspondence between the second parameter and the impedance parameter that can satisfy the preset matching condition into the control circuit 41.
  • the second parameter includes at least frequency band information and antenna state information.
  • the impedance parameter may be an impedance value, and may also be a voltage, current parameter, or the like that is used to form an impedance.
  • control circuit 41 is further configured to send the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit 42 through a mobile industry processor interface MIPI or a universal input / output interface GPIO.
  • the first instruction may carry a voltage value for forming an impedance.
  • control circuit 41 is further configured to obtain communication parameters from a base station; and use the communication parameters to determine a working frequency band in which the terminal antenna 44 is currently located.
  • the communication parameter may be a transmit power control (TPC, Transmit Power Control) parameter.
  • the control circuit 41 may also obtain the status information of the terminal collected by the sensor, and use the status information to determine the current antenna status.
  • the sensor may be a gyroscope, an infrared sensor, or the like.
  • the antenna 44 has different antenna impedances in different frequency bands or different antenna states of the same frequency band supported by the terminal.
  • the transmission power can be determined according to the TPC parameters; and the corresponding working mode is determined by using the determined transmission power.
  • control circuit 41 is a baseband processor on the terminal.
  • control circuit 41 may be a baseband (BB, BaseBand) processing unit on the terminal. In this way, not only the circuit changes are small, but hardware resources can be saved.
  • BB Baseband
  • a respective first impedance is formed in each working frequency band, and both meet the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit meet a preset matching condition.
  • the first impedance can solve the problem that the RF impedance does not match the antenna impedance due to the difference in antenna impedance in different operating frequency bands or different antenna states in the same operating frequency band, and the impedance of the entire RF link is optimized and reduced
  • the terminal's fever can improve user satisfaction.
  • An impedance eliminates the impedance difference between antenna impedances in different frequency bands or different antenna states in the same frequency band, thereby ensuring that the antenna impedance and the RF impedance match in each working frequency band or each antenna state in the same frequency band.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a terminal.
  • the terminal includes a control circuit 41, an impedance adjustment circuit 42, a radio frequency circuit 43, and an antenna 44.
  • the control circuit 41 is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna 44 is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance, and generate a first instruction based on the first parameter, and The first instruction is sent to the impedance adjustment circuit 42.
  • the impedance adjustment circuit 42 is configured to: receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, where The sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43 satisfy a preset matching condition.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the matching circuit includes: a power amplifier (PA, Power Amplifier), duplex 1 to duplex n, and a wireless radio frequency transceiver. (WTR, Wireless Transmit Receive), switch, test stand, controllable matching circuit, antenna, BB processing unit, antenna.
  • PA Power Amplifier
  • WTR Wireless Transmit Receive
  • the control circuit 41 is a BB processing unit; the impedance adjustment circuit 42 is a controllable matching circuit; the controllable matching circuit includes a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, and a resonant switch (not shown in FIG. 5);
  • the radio frequency circuit 43 includes: PA, duplex 1 to duplex n, WTR, switch, and test stand. Among them, the test stand can be used as a test point during actual debugging. During the research and development period, most of the RF tests for RF It is completed through the RF conduction test line. The RF comprehensive measurement instrument needs to be connected to the test board of the single board to achieve the RF index test.
  • the switch When the RF comprehensive measurement instrument is not connected, the switch communicates with the controllable matching circuit through the test socket.
  • duplex 1 when switching to duplex 1, it indicates that the PA works in the B1 frequency band; when switching to duplex 2, it indicates that the PA works in the B2 frequency band; and so on, when switching to duplex When n, it means PA works in Bn band.
  • the switching of the working frequency band of the PA can be controlled by a switch; the antenna 44 is an antenna.
  • the BB processing unit determines an impedance parameter forming the first impedance based on the current operating frequency band and antenna status of the antenna; and generates a first instruction based on the impedance parameter, and sends the first instruction to the controllable matching circuit through MIPI or GPIO An instruction.
  • the first instruction carries a voltage value for controlling (for) forming a first impedance.
  • controllable matching circuit After the controllable matching circuit receives the first instruction, it uses the voltage value to adjust the capacitance and inductance of all components in its own circuit to form a first impedance, where the first impedance is related to the antenna's The sum of the impedance and the impedance of the RF circuit meets a preset matching condition. In this way, the power consumption of the terminal in the current operating frequency band can be minimized.
  • the lowest power consumption can be achieved without causing the terminal to heat up, thereby improving user satisfaction.
  • a controllable matching circuit may be added to the antenna front end on the radio frequency link of the terminal.
  • the controllable matching circuit is used to optimize the impedance matching from the radio frequency (RF) side to the antenna side.
  • RF radio frequency
  • a corresponding first impedance can be formed by using a controllable matching circuit, wherein the first impedance is adaptively adjusted as the operating frequency band changes.
  • the user can optimize the impedance parameters of the corresponding working frequency band through a vector network analyzer, respectively. Specifically, when an antenna is added to the radio frequency link and viewed from the power amplifier port, if the impedance on the LoadPull Smith chart of the power amplifier reaches the best (ie, close to 1), the current when the radio link works is the smallest. To achieve the lowest power consumption. After the optimization is completed, the correspondence between the second parameter and the impedance parameter is written into the BB processing unit of the terminal.
  • the second parameter includes at least the working frequency band and the antenna status.
  • the BB processing unit can dynamically control the first impedance through MIPI or GPIO controllable controllable matching circuits to achieve the first impedance and antenna
  • the sum of the impedance of RF and the impedance of the RF circuit meets the preset matching conditions, and the closer the impedance on the Smith chart is to 1.
  • the best impedance matching state can be achieved under different working frequency bands or different antenna states of the same working frequency band, so that the current and power consumption of each working frequency band are minimized.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the matching circuit includes an RF circuit, a BB processing unit on a terminal, a base station, a controllable matching circuit, and a terminal antenna.
  • the control circuit 41 may be a BB processing unit; the impedance adjustment circuit 42 is a controllable matching circuit; the controllable matching circuit includes a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, and a tuning switch; and the radio frequency circuit 43 is an RF circuit
  • the antenna 44 is an antenna.
  • the BB processing unit may obtain communication parameters such as TPC parameters from the base station, determine the current operating frequency band of the terminal antenna according to the obtained TPC parameters, and obtain the status information of the terminal collected by the sensor, and determine the current antenna status according to the status information of the terminal.
  • TPC parameters such as TPC parameters from the base station
  • the current operating frequency band of the terminal antenna according to the obtained TPC parameters
  • obtain the status information of the terminal collected by the sensor and determine the current antenna status according to the status information of the terminal.
  • an impedance parameter corresponding to the first antenna state is determined, and the second parameter includes at least an operating frequency band and an antenna state; and based on the impedance parameter, the MIPI or GPIO is used to provide the
  • the controllable matching circuit inputs digital signals to dynamically adjust the capacitance and inductance of all components in the controllable matching circuit to form a first impedance that optimizes the impedance of the entire radio frequency link.
  • FIG. 7 is a matching method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, the method includes steps 701-702.
  • step 701 the control circuit determines a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the terminal antenna is currently located, and the first parameter represents a parameter for forming an impedance; and based on the first parameter, generates a first instruction and sends the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit. Sending the first instruction.
  • the impedance matching circuit receives the first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusts the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, the The first impedance satisfies the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit satisfies a preset matching condition.
  • the first parameter may be an impedance parameter, and may also be a voltage, current parameter, or the like that characterizes an impedance.
  • Each element in the impedance matching circuit includes, but is not limited to, a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, a tuning switch Tuner, and the like.
  • this is not limited to the use of voltage values to adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element to form the first impedance.
  • the implementation manner of forming the first impedance can be selected in combination with the actual situation.
  • the step of determining the first parameter includes: searching for an impedance parameter corresponding to the working frequency band from a preset correspondence between a frequency band and an impedance parameter; and using the found impedance parameter as the first parameter.
  • the impedance parameter can also be determined according to the current operating frequency band and antenna status where the antenna is located; and the determined impedance parameter can be used as the first parameter.
  • the user can optimize the impedance parameters of the corresponding working frequency band or different antenna states of the same working frequency band through the vector network analyzer to obtain the correspondence between the second parameter and the impedance parameter.
  • the second parameter includes at least a salary band and an antenna state;
  • the impedance parameter may be an impedance value, and may also be a voltage, current parameter, or the like that characterizes an impedance.
  • the step of sending the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit includes: the control circuit sends the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit through MIPI or GPIO.
  • the first instruction may carry a voltage value for forming an impedance.
  • the method may include the steps of: acquiring communication parameters from a base station; and using the communication parameters to determine a working frequency band in which a terminal antenna is currently located.
  • the method further includes the steps of: acquiring the status information of the sensor acquisition terminal, and using the status information to determine the current antenna status.
  • the sensor may be a gyroscope, an infrared sensor, or the like.
  • the antenna state refers to the current state of the terminal where the antenna is located, and specifically includes a left-handed terminal for a call, a right-handed terminal for a call, and the terminal being placed in a free space.
  • control circuit is a baseband processor on the terminal.
  • control circuit may be a BB baseband processing unit on the terminal. In this way, there are few changes to the circuit, which can save hardware resources.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic flowchart of a matching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is understood with reference to the composition and structure diagram of the matching circuit shown in FIG. 6 that the matching method includes the following steps: 801-803.
  • step 801 the impedance parameters are optimized according to different antenna states of the current operating frequency band of the antenna.
  • a vector network analyzer can be used to optimize the impedance parameters of each antenna state in this frequency band, so that after adding the antenna to the RF link, the power amplifier Looking out of the mouth, the impedance on the LoadPull Smith chart of the power amplifier is the best, and the current when the RF link works is minimized, that is, the power consumption is minimized.
  • step 801 to optimize the impedance parameters in different antenna states of other frequency bands supported by the mobile phone.
  • the correspondence between the optimized impedance parameter and the second parameter is written into the BB processing unit of the mobile phone.
  • the second parameter includes at least an operating frequency band and an antenna state.
  • step 802 the BB processing unit obtains TPC parameters and determines the current operating frequency band of the antenna; and acquires terminal status information collected by the sensor, and uses the terminal status information to determine the current antenna status;
  • the impedance parameters corresponding to the current working frequency band and the current antenna state are called to control the controllable matching circuit to form the first impedance.
  • the BB processing unit can dynamically call the corresponding impedance parameters and control the controllable matching circuit through MIPI or GPIO to form the corresponding first impedance.
  • the impedance parameters can be adaptively adjusted to ensure that the impedance matching of the RF link under each working frequency band or different antenna states of the same working frequency band achieves the best matching, and the lowest power consumption is achieved.
  • step 803 it is determined whether the antenna is switched to another working frequency band; when it is determined that the antenna is switched to another working frequency band, step 801 is performed.

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Abstract

Provided are a matching circuit, a terminal, and a matching method. The matching circuit comprises a control circuit, an impedance adjustment circuit, a radio frequency circuit, and an antenna, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine a first parameter on the basis of the current working frequency band of the antenna, to generate a first instruction on the basis of the first parameter, and to send the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit; and the impedance adjustment circuit is configured to receive and respond to the first instruction, and to adjust, on the basis of the first parameter, the capacitance and inductance in the impedance adjustment circuit to form a first impedance.

Description

匹配电路、终端及匹配方法Matching circuit, terminal and matching method 技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及天线技术领域。The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology.
背景技术Background technique
功耗是移动终端产品的一个重要指标。通常通过阻抗匹配实现降低功耗。移动终端上的射频电路与天线之间共用一组匹配电路，而且天线通常是全频段天线，只能保证在某个频段下匹配的阻抗收敛，不能保证在每个频段下匹配的阻抗收敛，也就不能在每个频段下均实现移动终端的功耗达到最低。Power consumption is an important indicator for mobile terminal products. Power reduction is usually achieved through impedance matching. The RF circuit on the mobile terminal shares a set of matching circuits with the antenna, and the antenna is usually a full-band antenna. It can only ensure that the impedance matching in a certain frequency band converges. It cannot guarantee the impedance matching in each frequency band. It is impossible to achieve the lowest power consumption of the mobile terminal in each frequency band.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
本公开实施例提供一种匹配电路，所述匹配电路包括控制电路、阻抗调节电路、射频电路、天线，其中，所述控制电路设置为：基于所述天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向所述阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令；并且所述阻抗调节电路设置为：接收所述第一指令；响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a matching circuit including a control circuit, an impedance adjustment circuit, a radio frequency circuit, and an antenna, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine a first based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located. A parameter, a first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance; and generating a first instruction based on the first parameter, and sending the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit; and the impedance adjustment circuit is configured to: receive The first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusting the capacitance and inductance in the own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, wherein the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna The RF impedance with the RF circuit satisfies a preset matching condition.
本公开实施例提供一种终端，所述终端包括：控制电路、阻抗调节电路、射频电路、天线，其中，所述控制电路设置为：基于所述天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数；第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向所述阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令；并且所述阻抗调节电路设置为：接收所述第一指令；响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal. The terminal includes a control circuit, an impedance adjustment circuit, a radio frequency circuit, and an antenna. The control circuit is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located. A first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance; based on the first parameter, generating a first instruction and sending the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit; and the impedance adjustment circuit is configured to: receive the A first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusting the capacitance and inductance in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, wherein the sum of the impedance of the first impedance and the antenna and the radio frequency The RF impedance of the circuit meets the preset matching conditions.
本公开实施例提供一种匹配方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：控 制电路基于天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令；以及所述阻抗调节电路接收所述第一指令；响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a matching method. The method includes the following steps: a control circuit determines a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which an antenna is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance; and based on the first Parameters, generate a first instruction, and send the first instruction to an impedance adjustment circuit; and the impedance adjustment circuit receives the first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusts the The capacitance and inductance form a first impedance, wherein the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit satisfy a preset matching condition.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为在一些情况中，B8频段下射频链路上的史密斯圆图阻抗示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the Smith chart impedance on the RF link in the B8 frequency band in some cases;
图2为在一些情况中，B8频段下射频链路中功率放大器负载拉移的史密斯圆图电流线示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Smith chart current line of a power amplifier load pull in a radio frequency link in a B8 frequency band in some cases; FIG.
图3为在一些情况中，匹配电路的结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit in some cases;
图4为根据本公开实施例的匹配电路的一种结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图5为根据本公开实施例的匹配电路的另一结构示意图；5 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图6为根据本公开实施例的匹配电路的另一结构示意图；6 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图7为根据本公开实施例的匹配方法的一种流程示意图；以及7 is a schematic flowchart of a matching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
图8为根据本公开实施例的匹配方法的另一流程示意图。FIG. 8 is another schematic flowchart of a matching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式detailed description
目前，终端功率放大器的功耗基本占据了手机功耗的一半左右，如何降低手机功耗已经成为终端产品要解决的主要问题之一。在射频电路中，不同频段和制式有不同的匹配电路，使得功率放大器的匹配电路达到最优。At present, the power consumption of terminal power amplifiers basically accounts for about half of the power consumption of mobile phones. How to reduce the power consumption of mobile phones has become one of the main problems to be solved by terminal products. In the radio frequency circuit, there are different matching circuits for different frequency bands and standards, so that the matching circuit of the power amplifier is optimal.
但是，由于终端产品的天线是所有频段制式集成在一起的，对于不同频段无法同时达到最优。因此，在射频电路中加上天线以后，目前的终端产品无法使得功耗达到最小。有些情况下，产品的功耗可能会恶化到功耗最小情况的一倍以上。However, because the antenna of the terminal product is integrated in all frequency band systems, it is not possible to achieve the optimal for different frequency bands at the same time. Therefore, after adding an antenna to a radio frequency circuit, current end products cannot minimize power consumption. In some cases, the power consumption of the product may deteriorate to more than double the minimum power consumption.
在一些情况下，以B8频段为例，图1为B8频段下射频链路上的史密斯圆图阻抗图，如图1所示，射频链路上未加天线时，B8频 段的史密斯圆图阻抗收敛，而在射频链路上加上天线后，B8频段的史密斯圆图阻抗很不收敛。显然，该项目的B8频段存在射频阻抗和天线阻抗不兼容的问题。In some cases, taking the B8 frequency band as an example, FIG. 1 is the Smith chart impedance diagram of the RF link on the B8 frequency band. As shown in FIG. 1, when no antenna is added to the RF link, the Smith chart impedance of the B8 frequency band Convergence, and after adding an antenna to the RF link, the Smith chart impedance of the B8 frequency band is not very convergent. Obviously, the B8 band of this project has the problem of incompatible RF impedance and antenna impedance.
图2为B8频段下射频链路中功率放大器负载拉移(Loadpull)的史密斯圆图电流线示意图。如图2所示，在射频链路上加上天线后，B8频段下的电流跨越约150mA左右。如此，在手机使用该项目的B8频段过程中，会导致电流波动大，功耗很大，且发热比较严重。FIG. 2 is a current diagram of a Smith chart of a power amplifier load pull (Loadpull) in a radio frequency link in a B8 frequency band. As shown in Figure 2, after the antenna is added to the radio frequency link, the current in the B8 band spans about 150 mA. In this way, when the mobile phone uses the B8 band of the project, it will cause large current fluctuations, large power consumption, and relatively severe heat generation.
需要说明的是，研发阶段调试时，在手机射频链路上，如果不加天线的话，射频RF侧各个频段的阻抗匹配收敛。但是，由于手机的所有频段都是共用同一根天线，且从射频RF侧到天线侧之间共用一组匹配，如图3所示，因此不能够兼容所有的频段阻抗。也就是说，存在某一些频段阻抗不收敛，阻抗在功率放大器负载拉移(Loadpull)的史密斯圆图上电流线跨度比较大，这导致我们在实际环境中使用时，电流大，功耗大及发热严重，用户体验差等。It should be noted that when debugging in the R & D stage, if no antenna is added to the mobile phone RF link, the impedance matching of each frequency band on the RF side of the RF will converge. However, because all frequency bands of the mobile phone share the same antenna, and a set of matching is shared from the RF side to the antenna side, as shown in Figure 3, it is not compatible with all frequency band impedances. In other words, there are some frequency bands where the impedance does not converge, and the impedance has a large current line span on the Smith chart of the load pull of the power amplifier. This results in large current and power consumption when we use it in an actual environment. Severe fever and poor user experience.
基于此，本公开实施例中，所述控制电路设置为：基于天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令。所述阻抗调节电路设置为：接收所述第一指令；以及响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，所述第一阻抗与天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。Based on this, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the control circuit is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance, and based on the first parameter, generate A first instruction, and sending the first instruction to an impedance adjustment circuit. The impedance adjustment circuit is configured to: receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, the first impedance The sum of the impedance with the antenna and the RF impedance of the RF circuit satisfy a preset matching condition.
图4是根据本公开实施例的匹配电路的一种结构示意图。如图4所示，所述匹配电路包括：控制电路41、阻抗调节电路42、射频电路43、天线44。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the matching circuit includes: a control circuit 41, an impedance adjustment circuit 42, a radio frequency circuit 43, and an antenna 44.
所述控制电路41设置为：基于所述天线44当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向阻抗调节电路42发送所述第一指令。The control circuit 41 is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna 44 is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance, and generate a first instruction based on the first parameter, and The first instruction is sent to the impedance adjustment circuit 42.
所述阻抗调节电路42设置为：接收所述第一指令；响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中各个元件的电容量和电感 量，形成第一阻抗，所述第一阻抗与天线44的阻抗之和与射频电路43的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。The impedance adjustment circuit 42 is configured to: receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, and the first The sum of an impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43 satisfy a preset matching condition.
这里，第一参数可以为表征用于形成阻抗的电压、电流参数等等；所述阻抗调节电路42中的元件包括但不限于可变电感、可变电容、调谐开关Tuner等等。Here, the first parameter may be a voltage, a current parameter, or the like that characterizes the impedance; the elements in the impedance adjustment circuit 42 include, but are not limited to, a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, a tuning switch Tuner, and the like.
所述预设匹配条件可以是指第一阻抗与天线44的阻抗之和等于射频电路43的射频阻抗，还可以是指第一阻抗与天线44的阻抗之和与射频电路43的射频阻抗满足共轭匹配条件，比如第一阻抗与天线44的阻抗之和形成的史密斯圆图阻抗点与射频阻抗形成的史密斯圆图阻抗点满足在史密斯圆图上中心对称，以实现共轭匹配。所述预设匹配条件包括但不限于阻抗相等、共轭匹配等等。The preset matching condition may mean that the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 is equal to the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43, or the sum of the impedance of the first impedance and the antenna 44 and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43 meet The yoke matching conditions, such as the Smith chart impedance point formed by the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 and the Smith chart impedance point formed by the RF impedance, satisfy center symmetry on the Smith chart to achieve conjugate matching. The preset matching conditions include, but are not limited to, equal impedance, conjugate matching, and the like.
在实际应用时，不同工作频段下天线阻抗存在差异。举例来说，假设终端工作在B1频段时，天线阻抗为50欧，射频电路对应的射频阻抗为50欧，此时，天线阻抗与射频阻抗匹配；假设终端工作在B2频段时，天线阻抗为30欧，射频阻抗为50欧，此时，天线阻抗与射频阻抗不匹配。In practical applications, there are differences in antenna impedance under different operating frequency bands. For example, if the terminal works in the B1 frequency band, the antenna impedance is 50 ohms, and the RF impedance corresponding to the RF circuit is 50 ohms. At this time, the antenna impedance matches the RF impedance; assuming that the terminal works in the B2 frequency band, the antenna impedance is 30 The RF impedance is 50 ohms. At this time, the antenna impedance does not match the RF impedance.
同一工作频段的不同天线状态也会导致天线阻抗存在差异。举例来说，假设天线当前所处的工作频段为B1频段，当用户使用左手手持终端进行通话时，假设天线阻抗为50欧、射频阻抗为50欧，则天线阻抗与射频阻抗实现匹配；当用户使用右手手持终端进行通话时，假设天线阻抗为40欧、射频阻抗为50欧，则天线阻抗与射频阻抗不匹配；当终端被放置在自由空间比如桌子上时，假设天线阻抗为45欧、射频阻抗为50欧，则天线阻抗与射频阻抗不匹配。Different antenna states in the same operating frequency band also cause differences in antenna impedance. For example, assume that the antenna is currently in the B1 frequency band. When a user uses a left-handed terminal to make a call, assuming that the antenna impedance is 50 ohms and the radio frequency impedance is 50 ohms, the antenna impedance and the radio frequency impedance are matched; when the user When using a right-handed terminal to make a call, if the antenna impedance is 40 ohms and the RF impedance is 50 ohms, the antenna impedance does not match the RF impedance. When the terminal is placed in a free space such as a table, the antenna impedance is 45 ohms and radio frequency. If the impedance is 50 ohms, the antenna impedance does not match the RF impedance.
所述天线状态是指天线所在终端的当前状态，具体包括左手手持终端进行通话、右手手持终端进行通话以及终端被放置在自由空间。The antenna state refers to the current state of the terminal where the antenna is located, and specifically includes a left-handed terminal for a call, a right-handed terminal for a call, and the terminal being placed in a free space.
为了消除不同工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下天线阻抗存在的差异以使得天线阻抗与射频阻抗匹配，所述阻抗调节电路42可以利用第一参数调节自身电路中各个元件的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，并使第一阻抗与天线阻抗之和匹配射频阻抗，如此，可以保证在每个工作频段和每个天线状态下天线阻抗与射频阻抗均 匹配。所述阻抗调节电路42中的元件可以包括：可变电容、可变电感、谐振开关，其中，针对可变电容元件，仅调节电容量；针对可变电感元件，仅调节电感量；针对谐振开关，可同时调节电容量和电感量。In order to eliminate the difference in the antenna impedance in different working frequency bands or different antenna states in the same working frequency band so that the antenna impedance matches the RF impedance, the impedance adjustment circuit 42 can use the first parameter to adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit. To form the first impedance, and make the sum of the first impedance and the antenna impedance match the RF impedance. In this way, it can be ensured that the antenna impedance and the RF impedance match in each working frequency band and each antenna state. The elements in the impedance adjustment circuit 42 may include: a variable capacitor, a variable inductor, and a resonant switch, wherein only the capacitance is adjusted for the variable capacitance element; only the inductance is adjusted for the variable inductance element; Resonant switch can adjust capacitance and inductance at the same time.
需要说明的是，这里并不限于使用电压值调整所述阻抗调节电路42中的全部元件的电容量和电感量以形成第一阻抗，实际应用时可以结合实际情况选择形成第一阻抗的实现方式。It should be noted that this is not limited to the use of voltage values to adjust the capacitance and inductance of all the elements in the impedance adjustment circuit 42 to form the first impedance. In practical applications, the implementation manner of forming the first impedance can be selected in combination with the actual situation. .
在一实施例中，所述控制电路41还设置为从频段与阻抗参数的预设对应关系中，查找对应所述工作频段的阻抗参数；以及将查找的阻抗参数作为第一参数。In an embodiment, the control circuit 41 is further configured to search the impedance parameter corresponding to the working frequency band from the preset correspondence between the frequency band and the impedance parameter; and use the searched impedance parameter as the first parameter.
实际应用时，所述控制电路41还可以根据天线所处的当前工作频段以及天线状态，确定阻抗参数；以及将确定出的阻抗参数作为第一参数。In practical applications, the control circuit 41 may further determine the impedance parameter according to the current operating frequency band and antenna state where the antenna is located; and use the determined impedance parameter as the first parameter.
这里，针对终端支持的各个工作频段的不同天线状态，用户可以通过矢量网络分析仪分别优化相应工作频段的不同天线状态下形成第一阻抗的阻抗参数，使得每个工作频段对应的各个天线状态下，天线阻抗与第一阻抗之和与射频阻抗均能满足预设匹配条件；并将使得能够满足所述预设匹配条件的第二参数与阻抗参数的对应关系写入所述控制电路41中。所述第二参数至少包括频段信息、天线状态信息；所述阻抗参数可以为阻抗值，还可以为表征用于形成阻抗的电压、电流参数等等。Here, for the different antenna states of each operating frequency band supported by the terminal, the user can optimize the impedance parameter forming the first impedance under different antenna states of the corresponding operating frequency band through the vector network analyzer, so that under each antenna state corresponding to each operating frequency band The sum of the antenna impedance, the first impedance, and the radio frequency impedance can satisfy the preset matching condition; and write the correspondence between the second parameter and the impedance parameter that can satisfy the preset matching condition into the control circuit 41. The second parameter includes at least frequency band information and antenna state information. The impedance parameter may be an impedance value, and may also be a voltage, current parameter, or the like that is used to form an impedance.
在一实施例中，所述控制电路41还设置为通过移动产业处理器接口MIPI或者通用输入输出接口GPIO向所述阻抗调节电路42发送所述第一指令。In an embodiment, the control circuit 41 is further configured to send the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit 42 through a mobile industry processor interface MIPI or a universal input / output interface GPIO.
实际应用时，所述第一指令可以携带有用于形成阻抗的电压值。In practical applications, the first instruction may carry a voltage value for forming an impedance.
在一实施例中，所述控制电路41还设置为从基站获取通信参数；利用所述通信参数，确定终端天线44当前所处的工作频段。通信参数可以为发射功率控制(TPC，Transmit Power Control)参数。In one embodiment, the control circuit 41 is further configured to obtain communication parameters from a base station; and use the communication parameters to determine a working frequency band in which the terminal antenna 44 is currently located. The communication parameter may be a transmit power control (TPC, Transmit Power Control) parameter.
所述控制电路41还可以获取传感器所采集的终端的状态信息，并利用所述状态信息，确定当前天线状态。所述传感器可以为陀螺仪、 红外传感器等等。The control circuit 41 may also obtain the status information of the terminal collected by the sensor, and use the status information to determine the current antenna status. The sensor may be a gyroscope, an infrared sensor, or the like.
天线44在终端支持的在不同频段或同一频段的不同天线状态下的天线阻抗不同。The antenna 44 has different antenna impedances in different frequency bands or different antenna states of the same frequency band supported by the terminal.
实际应用时，可以根据TPC参数，确定发射功率；并利用确定的发射功率确定对应的工作模式。In actual application, the transmission power can be determined according to the TPC parameters; and the corresponding working mode is determined by using the determined transmission power.
在一实施例中，所述控制电路41为所述终端上的基带处理器。In an embodiment, the control circuit 41 is a baseband processor on the terminal.
为了不增加电路元件，所述控制电路41可以为所述终端上的基带(BB，BaseBand)处理单元，如此，不仅对电路的改动少，而且能节省硬件资源。In order not to add circuit elements, the control circuit 41 may be a baseband (BB, BaseBand) processing unit on the terminal. In this way, not only the circuit changes are small, but hardware resources can be saved.
在本公开实施例中，在终端的使用过程中，在每个工作频段下形成各自的第一阻抗，且均满足第一阻抗与天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。如此，可以解决目前不同工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下天线阻抗存在差异导致的终端在使用过程中电流大、功耗大的问题。同时，通过第一阻抗可以解决在不同工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下天线阻抗存在差异导致的射频阻抗与天线阻抗不匹配的问题，并使得整个射频链路的阻抗达到最佳，减少了终端的发热，能够提升用户满意度。In the embodiment of the present disclosure, during the use of the terminal, a respective first impedance is formed in each working frequency band, and both meet the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit meet a preset matching condition. . In this way, the problems of large current and large power consumption of the terminal during use due to the difference in antenna impedance in different working frequency bands or different antenna states of the same working frequency band can be solved. At the same time, the first impedance can solve the problem that the RF impedance does not match the antenna impedance due to the difference in antenna impedance in different operating frequency bands or different antenna states in the same operating frequency band, and the impedance of the entire RF link is optimized and reduced The terminal's fever can improve user satisfaction.
另外，在不同工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下，无需增加硬件元件，只需要调节所述阻抗调节电路42中的各个元件的电容量和电感量来形成第一阻抗，通过形成的第一阻抗，消除不同频段或同一频段的不同天线状态下天线阻抗存在的阻抗差异，进而保证在每个工作频段或同一频段的各个天线状态下天线阻抗与射频阻抗均匹配。In addition, under different working frequency bands or different antenna states of the same working frequency band, there is no need to add hardware components, and only the capacitance and inductance of each element in the impedance adjustment circuit 42 need to be adjusted to form the first impedance. An impedance eliminates the impedance difference between antenna impedances in different frequency bands or different antenna states in the same frequency band, thereby ensuring that the antenna impedance and the RF impedance match in each working frequency band or each antenna state in the same frequency band.
本公开实施例还提供一种终端，如图4所示，所述终端包括：控制电路41、阻抗调节电路42、射频电路43、天线44。An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a terminal. As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal includes a control circuit 41, an impedance adjustment circuit 42, a radio frequency circuit 43, and an antenna 44.
所述控制电路41设置为：基于所述天线44当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向所述阻抗调节电路42发送所述第一指令。The control circuit 41 is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna 44 is currently located, the first parameter characterizing a parameter for forming an impedance, and generate a first instruction based on the first parameter, and The first instruction is sent to the impedance adjustment circuit 42.
所述阻抗调节电路42设置为：接收所述第一指令；响应所述第 一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中各个元件的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与所述天线44的阻抗之和与射频电路43的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。The impedance adjustment circuit 42 is configured to: receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, where The sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna 44 and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit 43 satisfy a preset matching condition.
图5为根据本公开实施例的匹配电路的另一结构示意图，如图5所示，所述匹配电路包括：功率放大器(PA，Power Amplifier)、双工1至双工n、无线射频收发器(WTR，Wireless Transmit Receive)、开关、测试座、可控匹配电路、天线、BB处理单元、天线。FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the matching circuit includes: a power amplifier (PA, Power Amplifier), duplex 1 to duplex n, and a wireless radio frequency transceiver. (WTR, Wireless Transmit Receive), switch, test stand, controllable matching circuit, antenna, BB processing unit, antenna.
所述控制电路41为BB处理单元；所述阻抗调节电路42为可控匹配电路；所述可控匹配电路包括可变电感、可变电容、谐振开关(图5中未示出)；所述射频电路43包括：PA、双工1至双工n、WTR、开关、测试座；其中，测试座可以作为实际调试时的测试点，在研发期，对于射频来说，大部分射频测试都是通过射频传导测试线来完成的，射频综测仪表需要连接到单板的测试座，实现射频指标测试；当未连接射频综测仪表时，开关通过测试座与可控匹配电路连通；开关用于对双工1至双工n进行切换，当切换至双工1时，表示PA工作在B1频段；当切换至双工2时，表示PA工作在B2频段；依次类推，当切换至双工n时，表示PA工作在Bn频段。如此，可以通过开关控制PA的工作频段的切换；所述天线44为天线。The control circuit 41 is a BB processing unit; the impedance adjustment circuit 42 is a controllable matching circuit; the controllable matching circuit includes a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, and a resonant switch (not shown in FIG. 5); The radio frequency circuit 43 includes: PA, duplex 1 to duplex n, WTR, switch, and test stand. Among them, the test stand can be used as a test point during actual debugging. During the research and development period, most of the RF tests for RF It is completed through the RF conduction test line. The RF comprehensive measurement instrument needs to be connected to the test board of the single board to achieve the RF index test. When the RF comprehensive measurement instrument is not connected, the switch communicates with the controllable matching circuit through the test socket. When switching from duplex 1 to duplex n, when switching to duplex 1, it indicates that the PA works in the B1 frequency band; when switching to duplex 2, it indicates that the PA works in the B2 frequency band; and so on, when switching to duplex When n, it means PA works in Bn band. In this way, the switching of the working frequency band of the PA can be controlled by a switch; the antenna 44 is an antenna.
以下详细描述图5所示的匹配电路的工作原理。The working principle of the matching circuit shown in FIG. 5 is described in detail below.
BB处理单元基于天线当前所处的工作频段以及天线状态，确定形成第一阻抗的阻抗参数；以及基于阻抗参数，生成第一指令，并通过MIPI或GPIO向所述可控匹配电路发送所述第一指令。所述第一指令携带有控制(用于)形成第一阻抗的电压值。The BB processing unit determines an impedance parameter forming the first impedance based on the current operating frequency band and antenna status of the antenna; and generates a first instruction based on the impedance parameter, and sends the first instruction to the controllable matching circuit through MIPI or GPIO An instruction. The first instruction carries a voltage value for controlling (for) forming a first impedance.
所述可控匹配电路接收所述第一指令后，利用所述电压值对自身电路中的全部元件的电容量和电感量进行调节，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的阻抗满足预设匹配条件。如此，终端在当前工作频段下的功耗可以达到最低。After the controllable matching circuit receives the first instruction, it uses the voltage value to adjust the capacitance and inductance of all components in its own circuit to form a first impedance, where the first impedance is related to the antenna's The sum of the impedance and the impedance of the RF circuit meets a preset matching condition. In this way, the power consumption of the terminal in the current operating frequency band can be minimized.
这样，在终端支持的各个工作频段以及同一工作频段的不同天线状态下，均能实现功耗最低，不会引起终端发热，从而提高用户满意度。In this way, in each working frequency band supported by the terminal and different antenna states of the same working frequency band, the lowest power consumption can be achieved without causing the terminal to heat up, thereby improving user satisfaction.
需要说明的是，可以在终端的射频链路上的天线前端增设可控匹配电路，所述可控匹配电路用于优化射频(RF，Radio Frequency)侧到天线侧的阻抗匹配，如此，终端在支持的每个工作频段或同一工作频段的各个天线状态下，可以利用可控匹配电路形成对应的第一阻抗，其中，第一阻抗随着工作频段的变化而自适应调整。It should be noted that a controllable matching circuit may be added to the antenna front end on the radio frequency link of the terminal. The controllable matching circuit is used to optimize the impedance matching from the radio frequency (RF) side to the antenna side. In each supported operating frequency band or each antenna state of the same operating frequency band, a corresponding first impedance can be formed by using a controllable matching circuit, wherein the first impedance is adaptively adjusted as the operating frequency band changes.
另外，针对终端支持的每个工作频段和当前工作频段下的天线状态，用户可以通过矢量网络分析仪分别优化相应工作频段的阻抗参数。具体地，当射频链路加上天线后，从功率放大器口向外看，如果在功率放大器的LoadPull史密斯圆图上的阻抗达到最佳(即接近1)，则射频链路工作时的电流最小，进而达到功耗最低。优化完成之后，将第二参数与阻抗参数的对应关系写入终端的BB处理单元，所述第二参数至少包括工作频段、天线状态。如此，在不同使用场景下，即终端工作在不同频段或同一频段的不同天线状态下，所述BB处理单元能够通过MIPI或GPIO控制可控匹配电路动态调整第一阻抗，实现第一阻抗与天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的阻抗满足预设匹配条件，进而在史密斯圆图上的阻抗越接近1。换句话说，在不同工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下均能实现最佳的阻抗匹配状态，使得各个工作频段的电流最小、功耗最小。In addition, for each working frequency band supported by the terminal and the antenna status in the current working frequency band, the user can optimize the impedance parameters of the corresponding working frequency band through a vector network analyzer, respectively. Specifically, when an antenna is added to the radio frequency link and viewed from the power amplifier port, if the impedance on the LoadPull Smith chart of the power amplifier reaches the best (ie, close to 1), the current when the radio link works is the smallest. To achieve the lowest power consumption. After the optimization is completed, the correspondence between the second parameter and the impedance parameter is written into the BB processing unit of the terminal. The second parameter includes at least the working frequency band and the antenna status. In this way, in different usage scenarios, that is, when the terminal works in different frequency bands or different antenna states of the same frequency band, the BB processing unit can dynamically control the first impedance through MIPI or GPIO controllable controllable matching circuits to achieve the first impedance and antenna The sum of the impedance of RF and the impedance of the RF circuit meets the preset matching conditions, and the closer the impedance on the Smith chart is to 1. In other words, the best impedance matching state can be achieved under different working frequency bands or different antenna states of the same working frequency band, so that the current and power consumption of each working frequency band are minimized.
图6为根据本公开实施例的匹配电路的另一结构示意图，如图6所示，所述匹配电路包括：RF电路、终端上的BB处理单元、基站、可控匹配电路、终端天线。FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a matching circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the matching circuit includes an RF circuit, a BB processing unit on a terminal, a base station, a controllable matching circuit, and a terminal antenna.
所述控制电路41可以为BB处理单元；所述阻抗调节电路42为可控匹配电路；所述可控匹配电路包括可变电感、可变电容、调谐开关；所述射频电路43为RF电路；所述天线44为天线。The control circuit 41 may be a BB processing unit; the impedance adjustment circuit 42 is a controllable matching circuit; the controllable matching circuit includes a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, and a tuning switch; and the radio frequency circuit 43 is an RF circuit The antenna 44 is an antenna.
以下详细描述图6所示的匹配电路的工作原理。The working principle of the matching circuit shown in FIG. 6 is described in detail below.
BB处理单元可以从基站获取通信参数比如TPC参数，根据获取的TPC参数确定终端天线当前的工作频段，并获取传感器所采集的终端的状态信息，根据所述终端的状态信息确定当前天线状态，从预设的第二参数与阻抗参数对应的关系中，确定对应所述第一天线状态的阻抗参数，所述第二参数至少包括工作频段、天线状态；以及基于阻 抗参数，通过MIPI或GPIO向可控匹配电路输入数字信号以动态调整可控匹配电路中全部元件的电容量和电感量，以形成使得整个射频链路的阻抗最佳的第一阻抗。The BB processing unit may obtain communication parameters such as TPC parameters from the base station, determine the current operating frequency band of the terminal antenna according to the obtained TPC parameters, and obtain the status information of the terminal collected by the sensor, and determine the current antenna status according to the status information of the terminal. In the relationship between the preset second parameter and the impedance parameter, an impedance parameter corresponding to the first antenna state is determined, and the second parameter includes at least an operating frequency band and an antenna state; and based on the impedance parameter, the MIPI or GPIO is used to provide the The controllable matching circuit inputs digital signals to dynamically adjust the capacitance and inductance of all components in the controllable matching circuit to form a first impedance that optimizes the impedance of the entire radio frequency link.
图7是本公开实施例提供的匹配方法，如图7所示，所述方法包括：步骤701-702。FIG. 7 is a matching method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, the method includes steps 701-702.
在步骤701，控制电路基于终端天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令。In step 701, the control circuit determines a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the terminal antenna is currently located, and the first parameter represents a parameter for forming an impedance; and based on the first parameter, generates a first instruction and sends the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit. Sending the first instruction.
在步骤702，所述阻抗匹调节电路接收所述第一指令；响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中各个元件的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，所述第一阻抗满足第一阻抗与天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。In step 702, the impedance matching circuit receives the first instruction; in response to the first instruction, adjusts the capacitance and inductance of each element in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, the The first impedance satisfies the sum of the first impedance and the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit satisfies a preset matching condition.
第一参数可以为阻抗参数，还可以为表征用于形成阻抗的电压、电流参数等等。所述阻抗匹调节电路中的各个元件包括但不限于可变电感、可变电容、调谐开关Tuner等等。The first parameter may be an impedance parameter, and may also be a voltage, current parameter, or the like that characterizes an impedance. Each element in the impedance matching circuit includes, but is not limited to, a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, a tuning switch Tuner, and the like.
需要说明的是，这里并不限于使用电压值调整各元件的电容量和电感量以形成第一阻抗，实际应用时可以结合实际情况选择形成第一阻抗的实现方式。It should be noted that this is not limited to the use of voltage values to adjust the capacitance and inductance of each element to form the first impedance. In practical applications, the implementation manner of forming the first impedance can be selected in combination with the actual situation.
在一实施例中，所述确定第一参数的步骤包括：从频段与阻抗参数的预设对应关系中，查找对应所述工作频段的阻抗参数；以及将查找的阻抗参数作为第一参数。In an embodiment, the step of determining the first parameter includes: searching for an impedance parameter corresponding to the working frequency band from a preset correspondence between a frequency band and an impedance parameter; and using the found impedance parameter as the first parameter.
在实际应用时，还可以根据天线所处的的当前工作频段以及天线状态，确定阻抗参数；以及将确定出的阻抗参数作为第一参数。In practical applications, the impedance parameter can also be determined according to the current operating frequency band and antenna status where the antenna is located; and the determined impedance parameter can be used as the first parameter.
针对终端支持的各个工作频段，用户可以通过矢量网络分析仪分别优化相应工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下的阻抗参数，得到第二参数与阻抗参数的对应关系。所述第二参数至少包括工资频段、天线状态；所述阻抗参数可以为阻抗值，还可以为表征用于形成阻抗的电压、电流参数等等。For each working frequency band supported by the terminal, the user can optimize the impedance parameters of the corresponding working frequency band or different antenna states of the same working frequency band through the vector network analyzer to obtain the correspondence between the second parameter and the impedance parameter. The second parameter includes at least a salary band and an antenna state; the impedance parameter may be an impedance value, and may also be a voltage, current parameter, or the like that characterizes an impedance.
在一实施例中，所述向阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令的步骤包括：所述控制电路通过MIPI或者GPIO向所述阻抗调节电路发送所 述第一指令。In one embodiment, the step of sending the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit includes: the control circuit sends the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit through MIPI or GPIO.
在实际应用时，所述第一指令可以携带有用于形成阻抗的电压值。In practical applications, the first instruction may carry a voltage value for forming an impedance.
在一实施例中，所述方法可以包括以下步骤：从基站获取通信参数；以及利用所述通信参数，确定终端天线当前所处的工作频段。In an embodiment, the method may include the steps of: acquiring communication parameters from a base station; and using the communication parameters to determine a working frequency band in which a terminal antenna is currently located.
在一实施例中，所述方法还包括以下步骤：获取传感器采集终端的状态信息，并利用所述状态信息确定当前天线状态。所述传感器可以为陀螺仪、红外传感器等等。所述天线状态是指天线所在终端的当前状态，具体包括左手手持终端进行通话、右手手持终端进行通话以及终端被放置在自由空间等。In an embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: acquiring the status information of the sensor acquisition terminal, and using the status information to determine the current antenna status. The sensor may be a gyroscope, an infrared sensor, or the like. The antenna state refers to the current state of the terminal where the antenna is located, and specifically includes a left-handed terminal for a call, a right-handed terminal for a call, and the terminal being placed in a free space.
在一实施例中，所述控制电路为所述终端上的基带处理器。In one embodiment, the control circuit is a baseband processor on the terminal.
为了不增加电路元件，所述控制电路可以所述终端上的BB基带处理单元，如此，对电路的改动少，能够节省硬件资源。In order not to add circuit elements, the control circuit may be a BB baseband processing unit on the terminal. In this way, there are few changes to the circuit, which can save hardware resources.
下面以详细说明根据本公开实施例的匹配方法的实现过程。The implementation process of the matching method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below.
图8是根据本公开实施例的匹配方法的另一流程示意图。结合图6所示的匹配电路的组成结构示意图来理解，所述匹配方法包括如下步骤：801-803。FIG. 8 is another schematic flowchart of a matching method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is understood with reference to the composition and structure diagram of the matching circuit shown in FIG. 6 that the matching method includes the following steps: 801-803.
在步骤801，根据天线的当前工作频段的不同天线状态，优化阻抗参数。In step 801, the impedance parameters are optimized according to different antenna states of the current operating frequency band of the antenna.
针对终端(比如手机)的某一个工作频段的各个天线状态，在研发阶段，可以通过矢量网络分析仪优化该频段的各个天线状态下的阻抗参数，使得射频链路加上天线后，从功率放大器口向外看，在功率放大器的LoadPull史密斯圆图上阻抗最佳，并使得射频链路工作时的电流最小，即功耗最小。For each antenna state of a working frequency band of a terminal (such as a mobile phone), during the R & D phase, a vector network analyzer can be used to optimize the impedance parameters of each antenna state in this frequency band, so that after adding the antenna to the RF link, the power amplifier Looking out of the mouth, the impedance on the LoadPull Smith chart of the power amplifier is the best, and the current when the RF link works is minimized, that is, the power consumption is minimized.
重复步骤801，优化手机支持的其他频段的不同天线状态下的阻抗参数。将优化后的阻抗参数与第二参数的对应关系写入手机的BB处理单元，所述第二参数至少包括工作频段、天线状态。 Repeat step 801 to optimize the impedance parameters in different antenna states of other frequency bands supported by the mobile phone. The correspondence between the optimized impedance parameter and the second parameter is written into the BB processing unit of the mobile phone. The second parameter includes at least an operating frequency band and an antenna state.
在步骤802(包括步骤802-1和步骤802-2)，BB处理单元获取TPC参数，确定天线当前的工作频段；并获取传感器采集的终端状态信息，利用所述终端状态信息确定当前天线状态；调用对应当前工作 频段、当前天线状态的阻抗参数，以控制可控匹配电路形成第一阻抗。In step 802 (including steps 802-1 and 802-2), the BB processing unit obtains TPC parameters and determines the current operating frequency band of the antenna; and acquires terminal status information collected by the sensor, and uses the terminal status information to determine the current antenna status; The impedance parameters corresponding to the current working frequency band and the current antenna state are called to control the controllable matching circuit to form the first impedance.
在不同使用场景，即不同工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下，BB处理单元能够动态调用相应的阻抗参数，并通过MIPI或GPIO控制可控匹配电路形成相应的第一阻抗。如此，能够自适应调整阻抗参数，保证各个工作频段或同一工作频段的不同天线状态下射频链路的阻抗匹配达到最佳，实现功耗最低。In different usage scenarios, that is, different working frequency bands or different antenna states of the same working frequency band, the BB processing unit can dynamically call the corresponding impedance parameters and control the controllable matching circuit through MIPI or GPIO to form the corresponding first impedance. In this way, the impedance parameters can be adaptively adjusted to ensure that the impedance matching of the RF link under each working frequency band or different antenna states of the same working frequency band achieves the best matching, and the lowest power consumption is achieved.
在步骤803，确定天线是否切换至其他工作频段；当确定天线切换至其他工作频段时，执行步骤801。In step 803, it is determined whether the antenna is switched to another working frequency band; when it is determined that the antenna is switched to another working frequency band, step 801 is performed.
以上所述，仅为本公开的示例性实施例而已，并非用于限定本公开的保护范围。The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (13)

  1. 一种匹配电路，包括：控制电路、阻抗调节电路、射频电路、天线，其中，A matching circuit includes a control circuit, an impedance adjustment circuit, a radio frequency circuit, and an antenna.
    所述控制电路设置为：基于所述天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向所述阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令；并且The control circuit is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located, and the first parameter characterizes a parameter for forming an impedance; and based on the first parameter, generates a first instruction and sends the first instruction to the The impedance adjustment circuit sends the first instruction; and
    所述阻抗调节电路设置为：接收所述第一指令；响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。The impedance adjustment circuit is configured to: receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, wherein the first impedance The sum of the impedance and the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit satisfy a preset matching condition.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，The circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述控制电路还设置为：The control circuit is further configured to:
    从频段与阻抗参数的预设对应关系中，查找对应所述工作频段的阻抗参数；以及Find the impedance parameter corresponding to the working frequency band from the preset correspondence between the frequency band and the impedance parameter; and
    将查找的阻抗参数作为第一参数。Use the found impedance parameter as the first parameter.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，The circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述控制电路还设置为通过移动产业处理器接口MIPI或者通用输入输出接口GPIO向所述阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令。The control circuit is further configured to send the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit through a mobile industry processor interface MIPI or a universal input / output interface GPIO.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，The circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
    所述控制电路还设置为：获取通信参数；以及利用所述通信参数，确定天线当前所处的工作频段。The control circuit is further configured to: obtain communication parameters; and use the communication parameters to determine a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电路，其中，所述控制电路为终端上的基带处理器。The circuit according to claim 4, wherein the control circuit is a baseband processor on a terminal.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述预设匹配条件包括所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗是阻抗相等的或是共轭匹配的。The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the preset matching condition comprises whether the sum of the impedance of the first impedance and the antenna is equal to the impedance of the radio-frequency circuit or is conjugate-matched.
  7. 一种终端，包括：控制电路、阻抗调节电路、射频电路、天线，其中，A terminal includes: a control circuit, an impedance adjustment circuit, a radio frequency circuit, and an antenna.
    所述控制电路设置为：基于所述天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向所述阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令；并且The control circuit is configured to determine a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located, and the first parameter characterizes a parameter for forming an impedance; and based on the first parameter, generates a first instruction and sends the first instruction to the The impedance adjustment circuit sends the first instruction; and
    所述阻抗调节电路设置为接收所述第一指令；响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。The impedance adjustment circuit is configured to receive the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjust the capacitance and inductance in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, wherein the first impedance The sum of the impedance with the antenna and the RF impedance of the RF circuit satisfy a preset matching condition.
  8. 一种匹配方法，包括以下步骤：A matching method includes the following steps:
    控制电路基于天线当前所处的工作频段，确定第一参数，第一参数表征用于形成阻抗的参数；以及基于所述第一参数，生成第一指令，并向阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令；以及The control circuit determines a first parameter based on a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located, and the first parameter represents a parameter for forming an impedance; and generates a first instruction based on the first parameter, and sends the first instruction to an impedance adjustment circuit Instruction; and
    所述阻抗调节电路接收所述第一指令；以及响应所述第一指令，基于所述第一参数调节自身电路中的电容量和电感量，形成第一阻抗，其中，所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗满足预设匹配条件。The impedance adjustment circuit receives the first instruction; and in response to the first instruction, adjusts the capacitance and inductance in its own circuit based on the first parameter to form a first impedance, where the first impedance and The sum of the impedance of the antenna and the radio frequency impedance of the radio frequency circuit satisfies a preset matching condition.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述确定第一参数的步骤包括以下步骤：The method according to claim 8, wherein the step of determining the first parameter comprises the following steps:
    从频段与阻抗参数的预设对应关系中，查找对应所述工作频段的阻抗参数；以及将查找的阻抗参数作为第一参数。From the preset correspondence between the frequency band and the impedance parameter, find the impedance parameter corresponding to the working frequency band; and use the found impedance parameter as the first parameter.
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述向阻抗调节电路 发送所述第一指令的步骤包括以下步骤：The method according to claim 8, wherein the step of sending the first instruction to an impedance adjustment circuit comprises the following steps:
    所述控制电路通过移动产业处理器接口MIPI或者通用输入输出接口GPIO向所述阻抗调节电路发送所述第一指令。The control circuit sends the first instruction to the impedance adjustment circuit through a mobile industry processor interface MIPI or a universal input / output interface GPIO.
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括以下步骤：The method according to claim 8, wherein the method further comprises the following steps:
    获取通信参数；以及利用所述通信参数，确定天线当前所处的工作频段。Acquiring communication parameters; and using the communication parameters to determine a working frequency band in which the antenna is currently located.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述控制电路为终端上的基带处理器。The method according to claim 11, wherein the control circuit is a baseband processor on a terminal.
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述预设匹配条件包括所述第一阻抗与所述天线的阻抗之和与射频电路的射频阻抗是阻抗相等的或是共轭匹配的。The method according to claim 8, wherein the preset matching condition comprises whether the sum of the impedance of the first impedance and the antenna is equal to the impedance of the radio-frequency circuit or is conjugate-matched.
PCT/CN2019/097496 2018-07-26 2019-07-24 Matching circuit, terminal, and matching method WO2020020225A1 (en)

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