WO2019228355A1 - 转向管柱和车辆 - Google Patents

转向管柱和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019228355A1
WO2019228355A1 PCT/CN2019/088836 CN2019088836W WO2019228355A1 WO 2019228355 A1 WO2019228355 A1 WO 2019228355A1 CN 2019088836 W CN2019088836 W CN 2019088836W WO 2019228355 A1 WO2019228355 A1 WO 2019228355A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
nut
link
angle
angle adjustment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/088836
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张鹏
罗成刚
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810553426.8A external-priority patent/CN110550088A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201820840740.XU external-priority patent/CN208530677U/zh
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to EP19810209.7A priority Critical patent/EP3798092B1/en
Priority to JP2020566624A priority patent/JP2021525671A/ja
Priority to US17/058,599 priority patent/US11498603B2/en
Publication of WO2019228355A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019228355A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
    • B62D1/181—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable with power actuated adjustment, e.g. with position memory
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
    • B62D1/187—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable with tilt adjustment; with tilt and axial adjustment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H2025/2062—Arrangements for driving the actuator
    • F16H2025/2084—Perpendicular arrangement of drive motor to screw axis

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a car steering system, and in particular, to a steering column and a vehicle having the steering column.
  • the utility model patent with the publication number of CN205706835U discloses an electric four-way adjusting steering column mechanism.
  • This type of electric four-way adjustment steering column mechanism is relatively simple in structure, with poor adjustment displacement accuracy, poor reliability, and relatively large noise generated during the adjustment process.
  • the core components such as the adjusting motor and controller are not compact enough and are easily damaged as a force lever. From the overall structure to the product's enforceability is poor, the quality of the steering column mechanism cannot be effectively guaranteed.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a steering column capable of simultaneously achieving height adjustment and angle adjustment, and the steering column has high adjustment accuracy.
  • the present disclosure provides a steering column including a steering shaft, a fixed bracket, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, an angle adjustment motor, an angle adjustment screw nut mechanism, a link mechanism, a height adjustment motor, A height adjusting screw nut mechanism, the second cylinder is disposed in the first cylinder and is slidably sleeved with the first cylinder, and the steering shaft is penetrated between the first cylinder and the first cylinder.
  • a second cylinder the steering shaft includes a splined upper shaft and a lower shaft, the upper shaft is supported in the second cylinder through a first bearing, and the lower shaft is supported in the second shaft through a second bearing
  • the first cylinder is hinged on the fixed bracket around a first hinge axis, and the angle adjustment motor can drive the first cylinder through the angle adjustment screw nut mechanism and the link mechanism.
  • a cylinder is rotated relative to the fixed bracket, and the height adjustment motor can drive the second cylinder to move axially relative to the first cylinder through the height adjustment screw nut mechanism.
  • the angle adjustment screw nut mechanism includes an angle adjustment screw and an angle adjustment nut sleeved on the angle adjustment screw.
  • the angle adjustment screw is connected to the angle adjustment motor.
  • the angle adjusting nut is connected to the fixed bracket through the link mechanism, and one of the links in the link mechanism is hinged on the first cylinder about a second hinge axis, and the first hinge axis and the The second hinge axis is parallel.
  • the axis of the angle adjustment screw is perpendicular to the first hinge axis.
  • the steering column further includes an angle adjustment motor base, the angle adjustment motor is fixed on the angle adjustment motor base, and the angle adjustment motor base is hinged on the third hinge axis about On the first cylinder, the third hinge axis is parallel to the first hinge axis.
  • the link mechanism includes a first link and a second link, and a first end of the first link is hinged on the angle adjustment nut about a fourth hinge axis, and the first The second end of the connecting rod is hinged to the first end of the second connecting rod, and the second end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the fixed bracket about a fifth hinge axis.
  • the fourth hinge axis is parallel to the fifth hinge axis, and the first link is hinged on the first cylinder around the second hinge axis.
  • the first link has a first hinge point connected to the angle adjusting nut, a second hinge point connected to the first cylinder, and a first hinge point connected to the second link.
  • Three hinge points, a line between the first hinge point, the second hinge point, and the third hinge point is triangular.
  • the height-adjusting screw-nut mechanism includes a height-adjusting screw and a height-adjusting nut sleeved on the height-adjusting screw.
  • the height-adjusting screw is connected to the height-adjusting motor.
  • the height adjustment nut is connected to the second cylinder, and the axis of the height adjustment screw is parallel to the axis of the second cylinder.
  • the steering column further includes a height adjustment motor base, the height adjustment motor is fixed on the height adjustment motor base, and the height adjustment motor base is fixed on the first column cylinder. on.
  • the angle adjusting screw nut mechanism is used to convert the rotational movement of the angle adjusting motor into a linear movement of the angle adjusting nut, and the angle adjusting nut drives the first cylinder around the first hinge axis through the link mechanism Turn.
  • the cooperation between the angle adjustment screw nut mechanism and the link mechanism can significantly improve the accuracy of angle adjustment and the reliability of movement during the adjustment.
  • the height adjustment precision can be improved by using the height adjustment screw nut mechanism.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle including a steering column as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic perspective views of another aspect of a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a steering shaft in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is an assembly schematic view of an angle adjusting screw rod and an angle adjusting motor base in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the angle adjusting motor base is shown in a sectional view in order to show the internal structure;
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded view of an angle adjusting screw and an angle adjusting motor base in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded schematic view of an angle adjusting nut in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a screw pressing block in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is an assembly schematic view of a height adjustment screw and a height adjustment motor base in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the height adjustment motor base is shown in a cross-sectional view in order to show the internal structure;
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded schematic view of a height adjustment screw and a height adjustment motor base in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12 is an assembly schematic diagram of a height adjustment module in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which, in order to show an internal structure, a first column barrel is shown in a cross-sectional view;
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded schematic view of a height adjustment module in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a sliding collar in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a sliding cylinder in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sliding cylinder in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a first cylinder in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which, to show the internal structure, the first cylinder is shown in a cross-sectional view;
  • FIG. 18 is an exploded schematic view of a pressing mechanism in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 19 is an assembly schematic diagram of a second column in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which, in order to show an internal structure, a sliding column is shown in a cross-sectional view;
  • FIG. 20 is an exploded schematic view of a second column in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 21 is a schematic perspective view of a sliding column cylinder in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sliding column cylinder is shown in a cross-sectional view in order to show the internal structure;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of a collapse ring in a steering column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a steering column which includes a steering shaft 60, a fixed bracket 160, a first column cylinder 80, a second column cylinder 90, an angle adjustment motor 10, and an angle. Adjust the screw nut mechanism and the link mechanism.
  • the angle adjusting screw nut mechanism includes an angle adjusting screw 30 and an angle adjusting nut 40 sleeved on the angle adjusting screw 30.
  • the fixing bracket 160 is used for fixing to the vehicle body.
  • the first cylinder 80 is hinged to the fixing bracket 160 about the first hinge axis AA.
  • the second cylinder 90 is slidably sleeved with the first cylinder 80.
  • the steering shaft 60 is inserted through the first cylinder 80.
  • a cylinder 80 and a second cylinder 90 is used for fixing to the vehicle body.
  • the first cylinder 80 is hinged to the fixing bracket 160 about the first hinge axis AA.
  • the second cylinder 90 is slidably sleeved with the first cylinder 80.
  • the steering shaft 60 is inserted through the first cylinder 80.
  • the steering shaft 60 includes an upper shaft 61 and a lower shaft 62 connected by a spline.
  • the upper shaft 61 is supported in the second cylinder 90 through a first bearing 71, and the lower shaft 62 is connected through a second bearing.
  • 72 is supported in the first column cylinder 80, the upper shaft 61 is used to connect the steering wheel, the lower shaft 62 is used to connect the drive shaft, and the angle adjustment motor 10 is used to drive the first column through the angle adjustment screw nut mechanism and the link mechanism in order.
  • the cylinder 80 is rotated relative to the fixed bracket 160 to adjust an included angle between the first column cylinder 80 and the fixed bracket 160, thereby realizing an angle adjustment function of the steering column.
  • the angle adjustment screw nut mechanism is used to convert the rotational movement of the angle adjustment motor 10 into a linear movement of the angle adjustment nut 40, and the angle adjustment nut 40 drives the first column cylinder 80 through the link mechanism.
  • the first hinge axis AA rotates. The cooperation between the angle adjustment screw nut mechanism and the link mechanism can significantly improve the accuracy of angle adjustment and the reliability of movement during the adjustment.
  • the angle adjustment motor 10 is mounted on the first cylinder 80, the angle adjustment screw 30 is connected to the angle adjustment motor 10, and the angle adjustment nut 40 is connected through the connection.
  • the lever mechanism is connected to the fixed bracket 160.
  • One of the links in the link mechanism is hinged on the first cylinder 80 about the second hinge axis BB, and the first hinge axis AA is parallel to the second hinge axis BB.
  • the overall rigidity and reliability of the steering column can be improved, so that the first column cylinder 80 can be driven to rotate only when the angle adjustment motor 10 is started, and the first column cylinder 80 cannot be shaken by hand or by other external forces.
  • it can improve the first-order natural mode of the steering column and reduce vibration.
  • the angle adjustment screw 30 may be arranged in any appropriate direction.
  • the axis of the angle adjusting screw 30 may be perpendicular to the first hinge axis A-A, so as to facilitate the transmission of motion.
  • the first cylinder 80 may be located between the angle-adjusting screw nut mechanism and the fixing bracket 160 to make the structure of the steering column more compact.
  • one end of the first cylinder 80 is hinged on the fixed bracket 160, and the connecting rod One link in the mechanism is hinged on the other end of the first cylinder 80.
  • the steering column may further include an angle adjustment motor base 20, and the angle adjustment motor 10 is fixed. At one end of the angle adjustment motor base 20, the angle adjustment motor base 20 is mounted on the first cylinder 80. As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the angle adjusting screw 30 is threaded through the angle adjusting motor base 20. The angle adjusting screw 30 is supported in the angle adjusting motor base 20 through the first load bearing 56 and the second load bearing 57. One end of the angle adjustment screw 30 extends out of the angle adjustment motor base 20 and is splined to the angle adjustment motor 10.
  • the other end of the angle adjustment screw 30 extends out of the angle adjustment motor base 20 and is threadedly matched with the angle adjustment nut 40 .
  • the first load bearing 56 and the second load bearing 57 make the angle adjusting screw 30 unable to move in the radial direction.
  • the angle adjustment screw 30 may cause the following problems: 1.
  • the angle adjustment screw 30 will generate abnormal noise when it rotates; 2.
  • Angle There is a deviation between the expected position and the actual position of the adjusting nut 40; third, the steering wheel shakes.
  • a first thrust bearing 51 is arranged on the angle adjusting screw 30, and the steering column further includes a first axial pressing mechanism, which applies a force to the angle adjusting screw 30 to make the angle adjusting screw 30 and the angle-adjusting motor base 20 are pressed in the axial direction by a first thrust bearing 51.
  • a first limit step 31 is formed on the angle adjustment screw 30
  • a second limit step 21 is formed on the inner wall of the angle adjustment motor base 20, and two sides of the first thrust bearing 51 are abutted respectively At the first limit step 31 and the second limit step 21.
  • the first axial pressing mechanism may have any appropriate structure, for example, it may include a pressing spring provided between the angle adjusting motor base 20 and the angle adjusting screw 30 and applying the same to the angle adjusting screw 30.
  • the elastic force in the axial direction causes the first thrust bearing 51 to be clamped by the angle adjusting screw 30 and the angle adjusting motor base 20.
  • the first axial pressing mechanism includes a second thrust bearing 52 and a first lock nut 53, and the second thrust bearing are arranged on the angle adjusting screw 30.
  • 52 is located between the first thrust bearing 51 and the first lock nut 53
  • a third limit step 22 is also formed on the inner wall of the angle adjustment motor base 20, and both sides of the second thrust bearing 52 abut against the third
  • the limiting step 22 and the first lock nut 53, the first thrust bearing 51 and the second thrust bearing 52 are located between the first limiting step 31 and the first lock nut 53.
  • the first thrust bearing 51 and the second thrust bearing 52 can both bear an axial force and can rotate about an axis.
  • the first lock nut 53 and the angle adjusting screw 30 are screwed together.
  • the distance between the first limit step 31 on the angle adjustment screw 30 and the first lock nut 53 will gradually decrease;
  • the first lock nut 53 is further tightened, the first A gap between a limiting step 31 and the first thrust bearing 51, a gap between the first thrust bearing 51 and the second limiting step 21, a gap between the third limiting step 22 and the second thrust bearing 52,
  • the gap between the second thrust bearing 52 and the first lock nut 53 is reduced to a minimum, that is, there is no gap.
  • the first axial pressing mechanism further includes an arrangement on the angle adjustment screw 30.
  • the first slotted nut 54 and the first split pin 55, the side of the first lock nut 53 facing away from the second thrust bearing 52 is fixed by the first slotted nut 54, and the first slotted nut 54 is passed through the first split pin 55 fixed.
  • the first slotted nut 54 is not loosened because it is blocked by the first split pin 55.
  • the first lock nut 53 is not loosened because it is blocked by the first slotted nut 54.
  • the first load bearing 56 and the second load bearing 57 may be arranged at any appropriate positions.
  • the first load bearing 56 is located between the first thrust bearing 51 and the second thrust bearing 52, and the second thrust bearing 52, the first lock nut 53, and the first A slotted nut 54 is located between the first load bearing 56 and the second load bearing 57.
  • the side of the second bearing bearing 57 facing the first bearing bearing 56 can be fixed by a first stop ring 58.
  • the first stop ring 58 is installed on the inner wall of the angle adjustment motor base 20.
  • the second load bearing 57 The side facing away from the first load bearing 56 can be limited by the angle adjustment motor 10.
  • the angle adjustment motor base 20 is hinged on the first post about the third hinge axis CC.
  • the third hinge axis CC is parallel to the first hinge axis AA.
  • a mounting lug 802 is formed on the first cylinder 80, and the angle adjustment motor base 20 is hinged about a third hinge axis CC On the mounting lug 802, the mounting lug 802 is located between the two ends of the first cylinder 80 along the axial direction of the first cylinder 80, so that the angle adjustment motor 10 and the angle adjustment motor base 20 Being located between the two ends of the first cylinder 80 makes the steering column structure more compact.
  • the angle adjustment screw nut mechanism includes the angle adjustment screw 30 and radial compression.
  • the nut body 41 is screwed with the angle adjusting screw 30, and the radial pressing mechanism applies a radial force along the angle adjusting screw 30 to the angle adjusting screw 30 and / or the nut body 41 to press the nut body 41 tightly On the angle adjusting screw 30.
  • one end of the radial pressing mechanism is connected to the nut body 41, and the other end acts on the angle adjusting screw 30.
  • the radial pressing mechanism applies a force in the opposite direction to the nut body 41 and the angle adjusting screw 30, so that the nut body 41 and the angle adjusting screw 30 are pressed in the radial direction.
  • the radial pressing mechanism may have any appropriate structure.
  • the radial pressing mechanism includes a screw pressing block 42, a pressing spring 43, and a pressing nut 44.
  • the nut body 41 is formed with a first threaded hole 411 that cooperates with the angle adjusting screw 30 and A second threaded hole 412 that cooperates with the compression nut 44.
  • the first threaded hole 411 communicates with the second threaded hole 412.
  • the compression spring 43 is disposed between the compression nut 44 and the screw compression block 42 and presses the screw to the screw.
  • the tightening block 42 applies an elastic force so that the screw pressing block 42 is pressed against the side of the angle adjusting screw 30.
  • the screw pressing block 42 has a concave surface 424 adapted to the threaded cylinder surface of the angle adjusting screw 30, and the screw pressing block 42 The concave surface 424 is pressed against the threaded cylindrical surface of the angle adjusting screw 30.
  • the screw pressing block 42 may have any suitable structure.
  • the screw pressing block 42 has a coaxial small-diameter portion 421 and a large-diameter portion 422, and a stepped surface 423 is formed between the small-diameter portion 421 and the large-diameter portion 422, and is pressed.
  • the spring 43 is sleeved on the small-diameter portion 421.
  • One end of the compression spring 43 is in contact with the stepped surface 423, and the other end is in contact with the inside of the compression nut 44. .
  • a side of the screw pressing block 42 is formed.
  • the positioning protrusion 425 is formed with a positioning groove matching the positioning protrusion 425 in the nut body 41.
  • the positioning protrusion 425 on the side of the screw pressing block 42 is inserted into the positioning groove in the nut body 41, so that the screw pressing block 42 cannot rotate. Realize assembly error prevention.
  • the axis of the first threaded hole 411 is positive to the axis of the second threaded hole 412. cross.
  • the axis of the first threaded hole 411 and the axis of the second threaded hole 412 may intersect but are not perpendicular.
  • the link mechanism may include any number of links, such as two or more.
  • the link mechanism includes a first link 171 and a second link 172, and the first end of the first link 171 is hinged at an angle about the fourth hinge axis DD.
  • the second end of the first link 171 is hinged to the first end of the second link 172 about the sixth hinge axis FF, and the second end of the second link 172 is hinged to the fifth link axis EE to be fixed.
  • the bracket 160 On the bracket 160, the first hinge axis AA, the fourth hinge axis DD, the fifth hinge axis EE, and the sixth hinge axis FF are parallel.
  • the first link 171 is hinged on the first cylinder 80 about the second hinge axis B-B, so as to drive the first cylinder 80 to rotate through the first link 171.
  • the second link 172 forms a support for the first link 171 to ensure movement stability during the angle adjustment process.
  • the first link 171 has a first hinge point connected to the angle adjusting nut 40, a second hinge point connected to the first cylinder 80, and a third hinge point connected to the second link 172.
  • the connection line between the first hinge point, the second hinge point, and the third hinge point may be triangular.
  • the first link 171 may be formed as a fork-shaped plate, the second hinge point is located at the middle of the fork-shaped plate, and the first hinge point and the third hinge point are located at both ends of the fork-shaped plate.
  • the steering column includes two link mechanisms, and the two link mechanisms are respectively disposed on the angle adjustment nut.
  • the first cylinder 80 is located between the two link mechanisms, and the angle adjusting nut 40 is connected to the fixed bracket 160 through the two link mechanisms.
  • the first cylinder 80 and the second cylinder 90 are slidingly sleeved.
  • the steering shaft 60 is extended, thereby raising the steering wheel.
  • the second cylinder 90 is retracted, At this time, the steering shaft 60 is shortened, thereby lowering the steering wheel.
  • the steering column may further include a height adjustment motor 110 and a height adjustment screw nut mechanism.
  • the height adjustment motor 110 is installed in the first On the cylinder 80, the height adjustment motor 110 is used to drive the second cylinder 90 to move axially relative to the first cylinder 80 through a height adjustment screw nut mechanism.
  • the height-adjusting screw nut mechanism includes a height-adjusting screw 130 and a height-adjusting nut 140 sleeved on the height-adjusting screw 130.
  • the height-adjusting screw 130 and the height The adjusting motor 110 is connected, the height adjusting nut 140 is fixed to the second cylinder 90, and the axis of the height adjusting screw 130 is parallel to the axis of the second cylinder 90.
  • the height adjustment motor 110 is started, the height adjustment screw rod 130 rotates, and the height adjustment nut 140 moves axially along the height adjustment screw rod 130, thereby driving the second cylinder 90 to extend or retract.
  • a connecting plate 912 is provided on the second cylinder 90, and a first cylinder 80 is provided along the first cylinder 80.
  • An axially extending sliding groove 801 of a cylinder 80 is connected with the connecting plate 912 and the height adjusting nut 140 is fixed on the connecting plate 912 through the second fastener 212.
  • the steering column further includes a height adjustment motor base 120, and the height adjustment motor 110 is fixed to the height adjustment motor.
  • the height-adjusting motor base 120 is fixed on the first cylinder 80 by a first fastener 211.
  • the height adjustment motor base 120 is located between two ends of the first column cylinder 80 along the axial direction of the first column cylinder 80.
  • the height-adjusting screw rod 130 is passed through the height-adjusting motor base 120.
  • the height-adjusting screw rod 130 is supported in the height-adjusting motor base 120 through the third load bearing 156 and the fourth load bearing 157.
  • One end of the height adjustment screw 130 extends out of the height adjustment motor base 120 and is splined to the height adjustment motor 110, and the other end of the height adjustment screw 130 extends out of the height adjustment motor base 120 and cooperates with the height adjustment nut 140.
  • the third load bearing 156 and the fourth load bearing 157 make the height adjustment screw 130 unable to move in the radial direction.
  • the gap may cause the following problems: one, abnormal noise may occur when the height-adjusting screw 130 rotates; two, height There is a deviation between the expected position and the actual position of the adjustment nut 140.
  • a third thrust bearing 151 is arranged on the height adjusting screw 130, and the steering column further includes a second axial pressing mechanism, which applies a force to the height adjusting screw 130 to make the height adjusting screw 130 and the height-adjusting motor base 120 are pressed in the axial direction by a third thrust bearing 151.
  • a fourth limiting step 131 is formed on the height adjusting screw 130
  • a fifth limiting step 121 is formed on the inner wall of the height adjusting motor base 120
  • both sides of the third thrust bearing 151 are in contact with each other At the fourth limit step 131 and the fifth limit step 121.
  • the second axial pressing mechanism may have any appropriate structure, for example, it may include a pressing spring provided between the height-adjusting motor base 120 and the height-adjusting screw 130 and applying the same to the height-adjusting screw 130.
  • the elastic force in the axial direction causes the third thrust bearing 151 to be clamped by the height adjusting screw 130 and the height adjusting motor base 120.
  • the second axial pressing mechanism includes a fourth thrust bearing 152 and a second lock nut 153, which are disposed on the height adjustment screw 130.
  • 152 is located between the third thrust bearing 151 and the second lock nut 153.
  • a sixth limit step 122 is also formed on the inner wall of the height-adjusting motor base 120, and both sides of the fourth thrust bearing 152 abut against the sixth
  • the limiting step 122 and the second lock nut 153 are located between the fourth limiting step 131 and the second lock nut 153.
  • the third thrust bearing 151 and the fourth thrust bearing 152 can both bear the axial force and can rotate about the axis.
  • the second lock nut 153 and the height-adjusting screw rod 130 are screwed together.
  • the distance between the fourth limit step 131 on the height adjustment screw 130 and the second lock nut 153 will gradually decrease; when the second lock nut 153 is continuously tightened, the first The gap between the four limit steps 131 and the third thrust bearing 151, the gap between the third thrust bearing 151 and the fifth limit step 121, the gap between the sixth limit step 122 and the fourth thrust bearing 152,
  • the gap between the fourth thrust bearing 152 and the second lock nut 153 is reduced to a minimum, that is, there is no gap.
  • the second axial pressing mechanism further includes an arrangement on the height adjustment screw rod 130.
  • the second slotted nut 154 and the second split pin 155, the side of the second lock nut 153 facing away from the fourth thrust bearing 152 is fixed by the second slotted nut 154, and the second slotted nut 154 is fixed by the second split pin 155 fixed.
  • the second slotted nut 154 does not become loose because it is blocked by the second split pin 155.
  • the second lock nut 153 is not loosened because it is blocked by the second slotted nut 154.
  • the third load bearing 156 and the fourth load bearing 157 may be arranged at any appropriate positions.
  • the third load bearing 156 is located between the third thrust bearing 151 and the fourth thrust bearing 152, and the fourth thrust bearing 152, the second lock nut 153, and the first The two slotted nuts 154 are located between the third bearing bearing 156 and the fourth bearing bearing 157.
  • the side of the fourth load bearing 157 facing the third load bearing 156 can be fixed by the second limit retaining ring 158.
  • the second limit retainer 158 is installed on the inner wall of the height-adjusting motor base 120.
  • the fourth load bearing 157 The side facing away from the third load bearing 156 can be limited by the height adjustment motor 110.
  • the first cylinder 80 and the second cylinder 90 can be slidably connected by the sliding collar 100, and the sliding collar 100 is installed in the first cylinder 80 and sleeved on the second cylinder 90.
  • the relative position of the sliding collar 100 and the first cylinder 80 is fixed.
  • the inner wall of the sliding collar 100 is coated with a first antifriction coating.
  • the outer wall of the layer 101 and the second cylinder 90 is coated with a second antifriction coating 911.
  • the sliding collar 100 and the second cylinder can be reduced.
  • the friction coefficient between 90 can reduce the noise generated when the two slide relative to each other.
  • the first anti-friction coating 101 and the second anti-friction coating 911 may be any appropriate anti-friction materials.
  • it may be selected from one or more of the group consisting of polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the first friction reducing coating 101 may contain a copper mesh.
  • the sliding collar 100 can be installed in the first cylinder 80 by any suitable method, such as welding or riveting with the first cylinder 80.
  • an inner wall of the first cylinder 80 is formed with an annular mounting groove 803, and the sliding collar 100 is embedded in the annular mounting groove 803.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 In order to stably support the second cylinder 90 in the first cylinder 80 and prevent the second cylinder 90 from shaking in the first cylinder 80, in one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, There are two sliding collars 100, and the two sliding collars 100 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the first cylinder 80.
  • the second cylinder 90 may be a single part or an assembly composed of multiple parts, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the second column 90 includes a sliding column 91 and a collapse column 92 that are nested with each other.
  • the upper shaft 61 of the steering shaft 60 is supported in the collapsed cylinder 92 through the first bearing 71, and the lower shaft 62 of the steering shaft 60 is supported in the first cylinder 80 through the second bearing 72, and the height is adjusted
  • the nut 140 is connected to the sliding cylinder 91, the sliding collar 100 is sleeved on the sliding cylinder 91, the connection plate 912 is disposed on the sliding cylinder 91, and the second antifriction coating 911 is disposed on the outer wall of the sliding cylinder 91.
  • the crushing cylinder 92 is pushed into the sliding cylinder 91 from one end of the sliding cylinder 91, and the magnitude of the pressing force is simultaneously monitored during the press-fitting process.
  • the monitored pressing force after the assembly is in place is It is the collapsing force when collapsing.
  • the collapsing cylinder 92 and the sliding cylinder 91 are fixed together without relative movement.
  • the second cylinder 90 as a whole moves axially relative to the first cylinder 80.
  • the sliding cylinder 91 does not move, and the colliding force causes the collapsing cylinder 92 to move axially inside the sliding cylinder 91.
  • the collapsing cylinder 92 generates a collapse deformation, thereby absorbing collision energy. Reduces damage to the driver.
  • the second cylinder 90 further includes a collapsed ring 93, the collapsed ring 93 is installed in the sliding cylinder 91, and the collapsed ring 93 is sleeved It is on the collapsed cylinder 92 and press-fits with the collapsed cylinder 92.
  • the crushing ring 93 is first installed at a predetermined installation position in the sliding cylinder 91. After the installation is completed, the crushing ring 93 cannot be moved in the sliding cylinder 91. Then, the crushing cylinder 92 is removed from the sliding cylinder 91.
  • One end of 91 is press-fitted into the sliding cylinder 91, and the size of the press-in force is monitored during the press-fitting process.
  • the monitored press-in force after the assembly is in place is the collapsing force during the collapse.
  • a plurality of protrusions 931 protruding inward are formed on the crushing ring 93, and the crushing cylinder 92 is axial with respect to the sliding cylinder 91.
  • the protrusion 931 on the crushing ring 93 forms a scratch on the surface of the crushing cylinder 92, so that the crushing cylinder 92 is deformed.
  • the size of the crushing force can be changed by adjusting the number of protrusions and the height of the protrusions on the crushing ring 93 until the design requirements are met. Since the crushing ring 93 is a component that directly affects the crushing force, when the size and characteristics of the crushing ring 93 are shaped, the size of the crushing force is basically determined. Therefore, using this method can make the crushing force The consistency is very high.
  • the material hardness of the crushing ring 93 may be greater than the material hardness of the crushing cylinder 92.
  • the crushing ring 93 can be installed in the sliding cylinder 91 by any suitable method, such as welding or riveting with the sliding cylinder 91.
  • an annular positioning groove 913 is formed on the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 91, and the collapse ring 93 is embedded in the annular positioning groove 913.
  • a pressing mechanism 200 is provided on the first cylinder 80, and the pressing mechanism 200 applies a radial force to the side of the sliding cylinder 91 to press the sliding cylinder 91 against the sliding collar 100.
  • a side wall of the first cylinder 80 is provided with a mounting hole 804, and a pressing mechanism 200 is disposed in the mounting hole 804.
  • the pressing mechanism 200 includes a clamping spring 201 that is sequentially stacked. , Disc spring pressing piece 202, a plurality of disc springs 203, a gasket 204, and a pressing block 205, a clamping spring 201 is engaged with the inner wall of the mounting hole 804, and a plurality of disc springs 203 are arranged in a stack and are compressed on the disc Between the spring pressing piece 202 and the washer 204, the pressing block 205 abuts the side of the sliding cylinder 91. The elastic force of the disc spring 203 is transmitted to the sliding cylinder 91 via the pressing block 205, and the sliding cylinder 91 and the sliding collar 100 are compressed.
  • the steering column of the present disclosure may further include an adjustment controller 180.
  • the adjustment controller 180 is mounted on the first column cylinder 80.
  • a wire harness 191 is connected to the angle adjustment motor 10, and an adjustment controller 180 is connected to the height adjustment motor 110 through a second wire harness 192.
  • the adjustment controller 180 is located along the axial direction of the first column 80. Between the two ends of 80, a fixed bracket 160, an angle adjustment screw nut mechanism, a height adjustment screw nut mechanism, and an adjustment controller 180 are distributed around the first cylinder 80, that is, the fixed bracket 160, the angle The adjustment screw nut mechanism, the height adjustment screw nut mechanism, and the adjustment controller 180 surround the first cylinder 80.
  • the adjustment controller 180 drives the internal circuit and sends the drive signal to the angle adjustment motor 10 through the first wire harness 191.
  • the angle adjustment motor 10 starts to rotate after receiving the drive signal. After the angle adjustment motor 10 rotates, it transmits the torque generated by itself to the angle adjustment screw 30, so that the angle adjustment screw 30 also rotates. Between the angle adjustment screw 30 and the angle adjustment nut 40 is a screw nut pair. When the angle adjustment screw 30 rotates, the angle adjustment nut 40 moves along the axis of the angle adjustment screw 30. When the angle adjusting nut 40 moves along the angle adjusting screw 30, it also drives the first link 171 to rotate.
  • the rotation of the first link 171 will cause the second link 172 to rotate about the fifth hinge axis EE, and at the same time, the first link 171 will rotate.
  • a cylinder 80 rotates around the first hinge axis AA, thereby realizing the angle adjustment function of the steering column.
  • the adjustment controller 180 drives the internal circuit and sends the driving signal to the height adjustment motor 110 through the second wire harness 192.
  • the height adjustment motor 110 starts to rotate after receiving the driving signal. After the height adjustment motor 110 is rotated, the torque generated by itself is transmitted to the height adjustment screw 130, so that the height adjustment screw 130 is also rotated. Between the height adjustment screw 130 and the height adjustment nut 140 is a screw nut pair. When the height adjustment screw 130 rotates, the height adjustment nut 140 moves along the axis of the height adjustment screw 130.
  • the height adjustment nut 140 is fixedly connected to the second column cylinder 90. When the height adjustment nut 140 moves, the second column cylinder 90 also moves along with it, thereby realizing the height adjustment function of the steering column.
  • a vehicle including the steering column as described above.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种转向管柱，包括转向轴(60)、固定支架(160)、第一柱筒(80)、第二柱筒(90)、角度调节电机(10)、角度调节丝杆螺母机构、连杆机构、高度调节电机(110)、高度调节丝杆螺母机构，第二柱筒(90)设置在第一柱筒(80)内且与第一柱筒(80)滑动套接，转向轴(60)穿设于第一柱筒(80)和第二柱筒(90)内，转向轴(60)包括花键连接的上轴(61)和下轴(62)，上轴(61)通过第一轴承(71)支承在第二柱筒(90)内，下轴(62)通过第二轴承(72)支承在第一柱筒(80)内，第一柱筒(80)绕第一铰接轴线(A-A)铰接在固定支架(160)上，角度调节电机(10)通过角度调节丝杆螺母机构和连杆机构驱动第一柱筒(80)相对于固定支架(160)转动，高度调节电机(110)通过高度调节丝杆螺母机构驱动第二柱筒(90)相对于第一柱筒(80)轴向移动，实现了转向管柱的倾斜度和高度的高精度调节。一种包含转向管柱的车辆也被公开。

Description

转向管柱和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为：201810553426.8、201820840740.X，申请日为2018年05月31日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及汽车转向***，具体地，涉及一种转向管柱和具有该转向管柱的车辆。
背景技术
公开号为CN205706835U的实用新型专利公开了一种电动四向调节转向管柱机构。这种形式的电动四向调节转向管柱机构从结构上来说是比较简易的，调节位移精度较差，可靠性较差，调节过程产生的噪音较大。调节电机、控制器等核心部件紧凑性较差，易被作为受力杠杆而损坏。从整体结构到产品可执行性均较差，转向管柱机构的质量无法得到有效保障。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种可同时实现高度调节和角度调节的转向管柱，该转向管柱的调节精度较高。
为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种转向管柱，包括转向轴、固定支架、第一柱筒、第二柱筒、角度调节电机、角度调节丝杆螺母机构、连杆机构、高度调节电机、高度调节丝杆螺母机构，所述第二柱筒设置在所述第一柱筒内且与所述第一柱筒滑动套接，所述转向轴穿设于所述第一柱筒和所述第二柱筒，所述转向轴包括花键连接的上轴和下轴，所述上轴通过第一轴承支承在所述第二柱筒内，所述下轴通过第二轴承支承在所述第一柱筒内，所述第一柱筒绕第一铰接轴线铰接在所述固定支架上，所述角度调节电机能够通过所述角度调节丝杆螺母机构和所述连杆机构驱动所述第一柱筒相对于所述固定支架转动，所述高度调节电机能够通过所述高度调节丝杆螺母机构驱动所述第二柱筒相对于所述第一柱筒轴向移动。
在一些实施例中，所述角度调节丝杆螺母机构包括角度调节丝杆和套设在所述角度调节丝杆上的角度调节螺母，所述角度调节丝杆与所述角度调节电机相连，所述角度调节螺 母通过所述连杆机构与所述固定支架相连，所述连杆机构中的一个连杆绕第二铰接轴线铰接在所述第一柱筒上，所述第一铰接轴线与所述第二铰接轴线平行。
在一些实施例中，所述角度调节丝杆的轴线与所述第一铰接轴线垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述转向管柱还包括角度调节电机基座，所述角度调节电机固定在所述角度调节电机基座上，所述角度调节电机基座绕第三铰接轴线铰接在所述第一柱筒上，所述第三铰接轴线与所述第一铰接轴线平行。
在一些实施例中，所述连杆机构包括第一连杆和第二连杆，所述第一连杆的第一端绕第四铰接轴线铰接在所述角度调节螺母上，所述第一连杆的第二端与所述第二连杆的第一端铰接，所述第二连杆的第二端绕第五铰接轴线铰接在所述固定支架上，所述第一铰接轴线、所述第四铰接轴线和所述第五铰接轴线平行，所述第一连杆绕所述第二铰接轴线铰接在所述第一柱筒上。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连杆具有与所述角度调节螺母相连的第一铰接点、与所述第一柱筒相连的第二铰接点、与所述第二连杆相连的第三铰接点，所述第一铰接点、所述第二铰接点和所述第三铰接点之间的连线呈三角形。
在一些实施例中，所述连杆机构为两个，两个所述连杆机构分别设置在所述角度调节螺母的两侧。
在一些实施例中，所述高度调节丝杆螺母机构包括高度调节丝杆和套设在所述高度调节丝杆上的高度调节螺母，所述高度调节丝杆与所述高度调节电机相连，所述高度调节螺母与所述第二柱筒相连，所述高度调节丝杆的轴线与所述第二柱筒的轴线平行。
在一些实施例中，所述转向管柱还包括高度调节电机基座，所述高度调节电机固定在所述高度调节电机基座上，所述高度调节电机基座固定在所述第一柱筒上。
在本公开的转向管柱中，角度调节丝杆螺母机构用于将角度调节电机的旋转运动转化成角度调节螺母的直线运动，角度调节螺母通过连杆机构带动第一柱筒绕第一铰接轴线转动。通过角度调节丝杆螺母机构与连杆机构的配合，能够显著提高角度调节的精度和调节过程中的运动可靠性。通过采用高度调节丝杆螺母机构能够提高高度调节的精度。
本公开还提供一种车辆，包括如上所述的转向管柱。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱的立体示意图；
图2和图3是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱的另一视角的立体示意图；
图4是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱的***示意图；
图5是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的转向轴的立体示意图；
图6是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的角度调节丝杆与角度调节电机基座的装配示意图，其中，为了显示内部结构，角度调节电机基座以剖视图示出；
图7是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的角度调节丝杆与角度调节电机基座的***示意图；
图8是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的角度调节螺母的***示意图；
图9是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的丝杆压紧块的立体示意图；
图10是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的高度调节丝杆与高度调节电机基座的装配示意图，其中，为了显示内部结构，高度调节电机基座以剖视图示出；
图11是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的高度调节丝杆与高度调节电机基座的***示意图；
图12是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的高度调节模块的装配示意图，其中，为了显示内部结构，第一柱筒以剖视图示出；
图13是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的高度调节模块的***示意图；
图14是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的滑动套环的立体示意图；
图15是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的滑动柱筒的立体示意图；
图16是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的滑动柱筒的剖视示意图；
图17是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的第一柱筒的立体示意图，其中，为了显示内部结构，第一柱筒以剖视图示出；
图18是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的压紧机构的***示意图；
图19是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的第二柱筒的装配示意图，其中，为了显示内部结构，滑动柱筒以剖视图示出；
图20是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的第二柱筒的***示意图；
图21是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的滑动柱筒的立体示意图，其中，为了显示内部结构，滑动柱筒以剖视图示出；
图22是根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱中的溃缩环的立体示意图。
附图标记说明
10角度调节电机                    20角度调节电机基座
21第二限位台阶                    22第三限位台阶
30角度调节丝杆                    31第一限位台阶
32第一销孔                        40角度调节螺母
41螺母本体                        42丝杆压紧块
43压紧弹簧                        44压紧螺母
411第一螺纹孔                     412第二螺纹孔
421小径部                         422大径部
423台阶面                         424凹面
425定位凸起                       51第一推力轴承
52第二推力轴承                    53第一锁紧螺母
54第一开槽螺母                    55第一开口销
56第一承载轴承                    57第二承载轴承
58第一限位挡圈                    60转向轴
61上轴                            62下轴
71第一轴承                        72第二轴承
80第一柱筒                        801滑槽
802安装凸耳                       803环形安装槽
804安装孔                         90第二柱筒
91滑动柱筒                        92溃缩柱筒
93溃缩环                          911第二减摩涂层
912连接板                         913环形定位槽
931凸起                           100滑动套环
101第一减摩涂层                   110高度调节电机
120高度调节电机基座               121第五限位台阶
122第六限位台阶                   130高度调节丝杆
131第四限位台阶                   132第二销孔
140高度调节螺母                   151第三推力轴承
152第四推力轴承                   153第二锁紧螺母
154第二开槽螺母                   155第二开口销
156第三承载轴承                   157第四承载轴承
158第二限位挡圈                   160固定支架
171第一连杆                       172第二连杆
180调节控制器                     191第一线束
192第二线束                       200压紧机构
201卡簧                           202碟簧压紧片
203碟簧                           204垫片
205压紧块                         211第一紧固件
212第二紧固件
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
根据本公开的一个方面，如图1至图4所示，提供一种转向管柱，包括转向轴60、固定支架160、第一柱筒80、第二柱筒90、角度调节电机10、角度调节丝杆螺母机构和连杆机构。
角度调节丝杆螺母机构包括角度调节丝杆30和套设在角度调节丝杆30上的角度调节螺母40。固定支架160用于固定到车身上，第一柱筒80绕第一铰接轴线A-A铰接在固定支架160上，第二柱筒90与第一柱筒80滑动套接，转向轴60穿设于第一柱筒80和第二柱筒90。
如图4和图5所示，转向轴60包括通过花键连接的上轴61和下轴62，上轴61通过第一轴承71支承在第二柱筒90内，下轴62通过第二轴承72支承在第一柱筒80内，上轴61用于连接转向盘，下轴62用于连接传动轴，角度调节电机10用于依次通过角度调节丝杆螺母机构和连杆机构驱动第一柱筒80相对于固定支架160转动，以调节第一柱筒80与固定支架160之间的夹角，从而实现转向管柱的角度调节功能。
在本公开的转向管柱中，角度调节丝杆螺母机构用于将角度调节电机10的旋转运动转化成角度调节螺母40的直线运动，角度调节螺母40通过连杆机构带动第一柱筒80绕第一铰接轴线A-A转动。通过角度调节丝杆螺母机构与连杆机构的配合，能够显著提高角度调节的精度和调节过程中的运动可靠性。
进一步地，在一种实施方式中，如图1至图4所示，角度调节电机10安装在第一柱筒 80上，角度调节丝杆30与角度调节电机10相连，角度调节螺母40通过连杆机构与固定支架160相连，连杆机构中的一个连杆绕第二铰接轴线B-B铰接在第一柱筒80上，第一铰接轴线A-A与第二铰接轴线B-B平行。通过这种方式，一方面能够提高转向管柱的整体刚性和可靠性，使得只有在角度调节电机10启动时才能带动第一柱筒80转动，用手或通过其他外力无法晃动第一柱筒80，另一方面能够提高转向管柱的一阶固有模态，减小振动。
在本公开中，可以将角度调节丝杆30沿任意适当的方向布置。在一种实施方式中，角度调节丝杆30的轴线可以与第一铰接轴线A-A垂直，以便于实现运动的传递。
在一些实施例中，如图1至图3所示，第一柱筒80可以位于角度调节丝杆螺母机构和固定支架160之间，以使得转向管柱的结构更紧凑。
为了提高角度调节精度以及减小角度调节所需的驱动力，在一种实施方式中，如图1至图4所示，第一柱筒80的一个端部铰接在固定支架160上，连杆机构中的一个连杆铰接在第一柱筒80的另一个端部上。
为了方便将角度调节电机10安装到第一柱筒80上，在一种实施方式中，如图1至图4所示，转向管柱还可以包括角度调节电机基座20，角度调节电机10固定在角度调节电机基座20的一端，角度调节电机基座20安装在第一柱筒80上。如图6和图7所示，角度调节丝杆30穿设于角度调节电机基座20，角度调节丝杆30通过第一承载轴承56和第二承载轴承57支承在角度调节电机基座20内，角度调节丝杆30的一端伸出角度调节电机基座20并与角度调节电机10花键连接，角度调节丝杆30的另一端伸出角度调节电机基座20并与角度调节螺母40螺纹配合。第一承载轴承56和第二承载轴承57使得角度调节丝杆30在径向上无法移动。
在这种情况下，角度调节丝杆30和角度调节电机基座20之间可能存在轴向间隙，该间隙可能导致以下问题：一、角度调节丝杆30转动时会产生异响；二、角度调节螺母40的预期位置与实际位置之间存在偏差；三、转向盘晃动。
为了消除角度调节丝杆30和角度调节电机基座20之间的轴向间隙，使角度调节丝杆30不能沿轴向窜动，在一种实施方式中，如图6和图7所示，角度调节丝杆30上布置有第一推力轴承51，转向管柱还包括第一轴向压紧机构，该第一轴向压紧机构向角度调节丝杆30施力，以使角度调节丝杆30与角度调节电机基座20在轴向上通过第一推力轴承51压紧。在一些实施例中，角度调节丝杆30上形成有第一限位台阶31，角度调节电机基座20的内壁上形成有第二限位台阶21，第一推力轴承51的两侧分别抵接于第一限位台阶31和第二限位台阶21。
第一轴向压紧机构可以具有任意适当的结构，例如可以包括压紧弹簧，该压紧弹簧设 置在角度调节电机基座20和角度调节丝杆30之间，并且向角度调节丝杆30施加沿轴向的弹性力，以使第一推力轴承51被角度调节丝杆30和角度调节电机基座20夹紧。
在一种实施方式中，如图6和图7所示，第一轴向压紧机构包括布置在角度调节丝杆30上的第二推力轴承52和第一锁紧螺母53，第二推力轴承52位于第一推力轴承51和第一锁紧螺母53之间，角度调节电机基座20的内壁上还形成有第三限位台阶22，第二推力轴承52的两侧分别抵接于第三限位台阶22和第一锁紧螺母53，第一推力轴承51和第二推力轴承52位于第一限位台阶31和第一锁紧螺母53之间。
这里，第一推力轴承51和第二推力轴承52既能承受轴向力又能绕轴线转动。第一锁紧螺母53与角度调节丝杆30之间为螺纹配合。当拧紧第一锁紧螺母53时，角度调节丝杆30上的第一限位台阶31与第一锁紧螺母53之间的距离会逐渐减小；继续拧紧第一锁紧螺母53时，第一限位台阶31与第一推力轴承51之间的间隙、第一推力轴承51与第二限位台阶21之间的间隙、第三限位台阶22与第二推力轴承52之间的间隙、第二推力轴承52与第一锁紧螺母53之间的间隙会减小至最小，即无间隙。
为了防止第一锁紧螺母53因角度调节丝杆30的旋转而松动，进一步地，如图6和图7所示，所述第一轴向压紧机构还包括布置在角度调节丝杆30上的第一开槽螺母54和第一开口销55，第一锁紧螺母53的背离第二推力轴承52的一侧通过第一开槽螺母54固定，第一开槽螺母54通过第一开口销55固定。当第一锁紧螺母53拧紧后，再拧紧第一开槽螺母54并且将第一开口销55穿过第一开槽螺母54并***角度调节丝杆30上预留的第一销孔32中。第一开槽螺母54因为有第一开口销55的阻挡而不会产生松动。同样，第一锁紧螺母53因为有第一开槽螺母54的阻挡而不会产生松动。
第一承载轴承56和第二承载轴承57可以布置在任意适当的位置。在一种实施方式中，如图6和图7所示，第一承载轴承56位于第一推力轴承51和第二推力轴承52之间，第二推力轴承52、第一锁紧螺母53和第一开槽螺母54位于第一承载轴承56和第二承载轴承57之间。第二承载轴承57的朝向第一承载轴承56的一侧可以通过第一限位挡圈58固定，第一限位挡圈58安装在角度调节电机基座20的内壁上，第二承载轴承57的背离第一承载轴承56的一侧可以由角度调节电机10限位。
为了增加角度调节电机10的运动自由度，使运动传递更顺畅，在一种实施方式中，如图1至图3所示，角度调节电机基座20绕第三铰接轴线C-C铰接在第一柱筒80上，第三铰接轴线C-C与第一铰接轴线A-A平行。
为了便于角度调节电机基座20的安装，在一种实施方式中，如图4所示，第一柱筒80上形成有安装凸耳802，角度调节电机基座20绕第三铰接轴线C-C铰接在安装凸耳802 上，沿所述第一柱筒80的轴向，安装凸耳802位于第一柱筒80的两个端部之间，从而使角度调节电机10和角度调节电机基座20位于第一柱筒80的两个端部之间，使得转向管柱结构更紧凑。
角度调节螺母40在角度调节丝杆30上长时间运动之后会产生一定的磨损，导致角度调节螺母40与角度调节丝杆30之间产生间隙，该间隙一方面会导致角度调节螺母40产生振动，另一方面会导致驾驶员手握转向盘时有空旷的感觉，引起转向盘晃动。
为了消除或减小角度调节螺母40和角度调节丝杆30之间的间隙，在一种实施方式中，如图8所示，角度调节丝杆螺母机构包括角度调节丝杆30和径向压紧机构，螺母本体41与角度调节丝杆30螺纹配合，径向压紧机构向角度调节丝杆30和/或螺母本体41施加沿角度调节丝杆30径向的力，以使螺母本体41压紧在角度调节丝杆30上。
在一种实施方式中，径向压紧机构的一端与螺母本体41相连，另一端作用在角度调节丝杆30上。在这种情况下，径向压紧机构向螺母本体41和角度调节丝杆30施加方向相反的作用力，从而螺母本体41和角度调节丝杆30在径向上压紧。
所述径向压紧机构可以具有任意适当的结构。在一种实施方式中，径向压紧机构包括丝杆压紧块42、压紧弹簧43和压紧螺母44，螺母本体41上形成有与角度调节丝杆30配合的第一螺纹孔411和与压紧螺母44配合的第二螺纹孔412，第一螺纹孔411与第二螺纹孔412连通，压紧弹簧43设置在压紧螺母44和丝杆压紧块42之间并向丝杆压紧块42施加弹性力，以使丝杆压紧块42压持在角度调节丝杆30的侧面上。
当压紧螺母44朝着压缩压紧弹簧43的方向旋动时，压紧弹簧43的弹性力会通过丝杆压紧块42传递至角度调节丝杆30，从而使角度调节丝杆30和角度调节螺母40之间的间隙变小或者无间隙配合。
为了更好地实现压紧功能，在一种实施方式中，如图9所示，丝杆压紧块42具有与角度调节丝杆30的螺纹柱面相适应的凹面424，丝杆压紧块42通过该凹面424压持在角度调节丝杆30的螺纹柱面上。
丝杆压紧块42可以具有任意适当的结构。在一种实施方式中，如图9所示，丝杆压紧块42具有同轴的小径部421和大径部422，小径部421与大径部422之间形成有台阶面423，压紧弹簧43套设在小径部421上，压紧弹簧43的一端抵接于台阶面423，另一端抵接于压紧螺母44的内侧，凹面424形成在大径部422的远离小径部421的一端。
为了保证丝杆压紧块42装配完成后其凹面424正好与角度调节丝杆30的侧面相配合，在一种实施方式中，如图9所示，丝杆压紧块42的侧面上形成有定位凸起425，螺母本体41内形成有与定位凸起425相配合的定位凹槽。在将丝杆压紧块42装入螺母本体41的过 程中，丝杆压紧块42侧面的定位凸起425***到螺母本体41内的定位凹槽，使得丝杆压紧块42无法转动，实现装配防错。
为了使压紧弹簧43的弹性力更有效地传递到角度调节丝杆30上，在一种实施方式中，如图8所示，第一螺纹孔411的轴线与第二螺纹孔412的轴线正交。在其他可能的实施方式中，第一螺纹孔411的轴线与第二螺纹孔412的轴线可以相交但不垂直。
连杆机构可以包括任意数量的连杆，例如两个或更多个。在一种实施方式中，如图1至图4所示，连杆机构包括第一连杆171和第二连杆172，第一连杆171的第一端绕第四铰接轴线D-D铰接在角度调节螺母40上，第一连杆171的第二端绕第六铰接轴线F-F铰接于第二连杆172的第一端，第二连杆172的第二端绕第五铰接轴线E-E铰接在固定支架160上，第一铰接轴线A-A、第四铰接轴线D-D、第五铰接轴线E-E和第六铰接轴线F-F平行。
在一种实施方式中，第一连杆171绕第二铰接轴线B-B铰接在第一柱筒80上，以通过第一连杆171带动第一柱筒80转动。在这种情况下，第二连杆172对第一连杆171形成支撑，保证角度调节过程中的运动稳定性。
在上述实施方式中，第一连杆171具有与角度调节螺母40相连的第一铰接点、与第一柱筒80相连的第二铰接点、与第二连杆172相连的第三铰接点。为了保证连杆机构的运动灵活性，在一种实施方式中，第一铰接点、第二铰接点和第三铰接点之间的连线可以呈三角形。进一步地，第一连杆171可以形成为叉形板，第二铰接点位于该叉形板的中部，第一铰接点和第三铰接点位于该叉形板的两端。
为了进一步提高角度调节过程中的运动稳定性，在一种实施方式中，如图1至图4所示，转向管柱包括两个连杆机构，该两个连杆机构分别设置在角度调节螺母40的两侧，第一柱筒80位于两个连杆机构之间，角度调节螺母40通过两个连杆机构与固定支架160相连。
在本公开中，第一柱筒80和第二柱筒90滑动套接，当第二柱筒90伸出时，转向轴60伸长，从而使转向盘升高；当第二柱筒90缩回时，转向轴60缩短，从而使转向盘下降。
为了便于调节转向盘的高度，在一种实施方式中，如图1至图4所示，转向管柱还可以包括高度调节电机110和高度调节丝杆螺母机构，高度调节电机110安装在第一柱筒80上，高度调节电机110用于通过高度调节丝杆螺母机构驱动第二柱筒90相对于第一柱筒80轴向移动。
在一些实施例中，如图1至图4所示，高度调节丝杆螺母机构包括高度调节丝杆130和套设在高度调节丝杆130上的高度调节螺母140，高度调节丝杆130与高度调节电机110 相连，高度调节螺母140固定于第二柱筒90，高度调节丝杆130的轴线与第二柱筒90的轴线平行。当高度调节电机110启动时，高度调节丝杆130旋转，高度调节螺母140沿高度调节丝杆130轴向移动，从而带动第二柱筒90伸出或缩回。
为了便于将高度调节螺母140固定于第二柱筒90，在一种实施方式中，如图13所示，第二柱筒90上设置有连接板912，第一柱筒80上设置有沿第一柱筒80的轴向延伸的滑槽801，连接板912从滑槽801穿出，高度调节螺母140通过第二紧固件212固定在连接板912上。
为了便于将高度调节电机110安装到第一柱筒80上，在一种实施方式中，如图13所示，转向管柱还包括高度调节电机基座120，高度调节电机110固定在高度调节电机基座120上，高度调节电机基座120通过第一紧固件211固定在第一柱筒80上。为了使转向管柱结构更紧凑，在一种实施方式中，沿第一柱筒80的轴向，高度调节电机基座120位于第一柱筒80的两个端部之间。
如图10和图11所示，高度调节丝杆130穿设于高度调节电机基座120，高度调节丝杆130通过第三承载轴承156和第四承载轴承157支承在高度调节电机基座120内，高度调节丝杆130的一端伸出高度调节电机基座120并与高度调节电机110花键连接，高度调节丝杆130的另一端伸出高度调节电机基座120并与高度调节螺母140配合。第三承载轴承156和第四承载轴承157使得高度调节丝杆130在径向上无法移动。
在这种情况下，高度调节丝杆130和高度调节电机基座120之间可能存在轴向间隙，该间隙可能导致以下问题：一、高度调节丝杆130转动时会产生异响；二、高度调节螺母140的预期位置与实际位置之间存在偏差。
为了消除高度调节丝杆130和高度调节电机基座120之间的轴向间隙，使高度调节丝杆130不能沿轴向窜动，在一种实施方式中，如图10和图11所示，高度调节丝杆130上布置有第三推力轴承151，转向管柱还包括第二轴向压紧机构，该第二轴向压紧机构向高度调节丝杆130施力，以使高度调节丝杆130与高度调节电机基座120在轴向上通过第三推力轴承151压紧。在一些实施例中，高度调节丝杆130上形成有第四限位台阶131，高度调节电机基座120的内壁上形成有第五限位台阶121，第三推力轴承151的两侧分别抵接于第四限位台阶131和第五限位台阶121。
第二轴向压紧机构可以具有任意适当的结构，例如可以包括压紧弹簧，该压紧弹簧设置在高度调节电机基座120和高度调节丝杆130之间，并且向高度调节丝杆130施加沿轴向的弹性力，以使第三推力轴承151被高度调节丝杆130和高度调节电机基座120夹紧。
在一种实施方式中，如图10和图11所示，第二轴向压紧机构包括布置在高度调节丝 杆130上的第四推力轴承152和第二锁紧螺母153，第四推力轴承152位于第三推力轴承151和第二锁紧螺母153之间，高度调节电机基座120的内壁上还形成有第六限位台阶122，第四推力轴承152的两侧分别抵接于第六限位台阶122和第二锁紧螺母153，第三推力轴承151和第四推力轴承152位于第四限位台阶131和第二锁紧螺母153之间。
这里，第三推力轴承151和第四推力轴承152既能承受轴向力又能绕轴线转动。第二锁紧螺母153与高度调节丝杆130之间为螺纹配合。当拧紧第二锁紧螺母153时，高度调节丝杆130上的第四限位台阶131与第二锁紧螺母153之间的距离会逐渐减小；继续拧紧第二锁紧螺母153时，第四限位台阶131与第三推力轴承151之间的间隙、第三推力轴承151与第五限位台阶121之间的间隙、第六限位台阶122与第四推力轴承152之间的间隙、第四推力轴承152与第二锁紧螺母153之间的间隙会减小至最小，即无间隙。
为了防止第二锁紧螺母153因高度调节丝杆130的旋转而松动，进一步地，如图10和图11所示，所述第二轴向压紧机构还包括布置在高度调节丝杆130上的第二开槽螺母154和第二开口销155，第二锁紧螺母153的背离第四推力轴承152的一侧通过第二开槽螺母154固定，第二开槽螺母154通过第二开口销155固定。当第二锁紧螺母153拧紧后，再拧紧第二开槽螺母154并且将第二开口销155穿过第二开槽螺母154并***高度调节丝杆130上预留的第二销孔132中。第二开槽螺母154因为有第二开口销155的阻挡而不会产生松动。同样，第二锁紧螺母153因为有第二开槽螺母154的阻挡而不会产生松动。
第三承载轴承156和第四承载轴承157可以布置在任意适当的位置。在一种实施方式中，如图10和图11所示，第三承载轴承156位于第三推力轴承151和第四推力轴承152之间，第四推力轴承152、第二锁紧螺母153和第二开槽螺母154位于第三承载轴承156和第四承载轴承157之间。第四承载轴承157的朝向第三承载轴承156的一侧可以通过第二限位挡圈158固定，第二限位挡圈158安装在高度调节电机基座120的内壁上，第四承载轴承157的背离第三承载轴承156的一侧可以由高度调节电机110限位。
在高度调节过程中，第一柱筒80和第二柱筒90之间会产生相对滑动，又因为零件与零件之间的摩擦系数的影响，两者相对滑动不可避免地会产生噪声。为了减小高度调节过程中的噪声，在一种实施方式中，如图12至图16所示，第一柱筒80和第二柱筒90可以通过滑动套环100滑动套接，滑动套环100安装在第一柱筒80内且套设在第二柱筒90上，滑动套环100与第一柱筒80的相对位置固定，滑动套环100的内壁上涂覆有第一减摩涂层101，第二柱筒90的外壁上涂覆有第二减摩涂层911。当高度调节电机110工作时，高度调节螺母140在高度调节丝杆130上移动，带动第二柱筒90在第一柱筒80内滑动，从而实现了转向管柱的高度调节功能。
通过在滑动套环100的内壁上涂覆第一减摩涂层101，在第二柱筒90的外壁上涂覆第二减摩涂层911，能够减小滑动套环100与第二柱筒90之间的摩擦系数，从而能够减小两者相对滑动时产生的噪声。
这里，第一减摩涂层101和第二减摩涂层911可以为任意适当的减摩材料。例如，可以选自由聚酰胺、聚甲醛、聚四氟乙烯、膨胀聚四氟乙烯构成的组中的一者或多者。
为了提高减摩材料的附着率，在一种实施方式中，第一减摩涂层101内可以含有铜网。
滑动套环100可以通过任意适当的方式安装在第一柱筒80内，例如与第一柱筒80焊接或铆接。在一种实施方式中，如图17所示，第一柱筒80的内壁上形成有环形安装槽803，滑动套环100嵌设在环形安装槽803内。
为了将第二柱筒90稳定地支撑在第一柱筒80内，防止第二柱筒90在第一柱筒80内产生晃动，在一种实施方式中，如图12和图13所示，滑动套环100为两个，两个滑动套环100沿第一柱筒80的轴向间隔分布。
第二柱筒90可以是单个零件，也可以是由多个零件组成的组件，本公开对此不做限制。
为了提高转向管柱的碰撞安全性，在一种实施方式中，如图19至图22所示，第二柱筒90包括相互嵌套的滑动柱筒91和溃缩柱筒92。
在这种情况下，转向轴60的上轴61通过第一轴承71支承在溃缩柱筒92内，转向轴60的下轴62通过第二轴承72支承在第一柱筒80内，高度调节螺母140与滑动柱筒91相连，滑动套环100套设在滑动柱筒91上，连接板912设置在滑动柱筒91上，第二减摩涂层911设置在滑动柱筒91的外壁上。装配时，将溃缩柱筒92从滑动柱筒91的一端压入装配到滑动柱筒91内，在压入装配的过程中同时监控压入力的大小，在装配到位后所监控的压入力即是溃缩时的溃缩力。
正常情况下，溃缩柱筒92与滑动柱筒91固定在一起，二者没有相对移动，高度调节电机110工作时，第二柱筒90作为一个整体相对于第一柱筒80轴向移动。当车辆发生正面碰撞时，滑动柱筒91不动，碰撞力导致溃缩柱筒92在滑动柱筒91内轴向移动，移动过程中溃缩柱筒92产生溃缩变形，从而吸收碰撞能量，减小对驾驶员的伤害。
为了便于控制溃缩柱筒92的溃缩变形，在一种实施方式中，第二柱筒90还包括溃缩环93，溃缩环93安装在滑动柱筒91内，溃缩环93套设在溃缩柱筒92上且与溃缩柱筒92压紧配合。装配时，首先将溃缩环93安装到滑动柱筒91内的预定安装位置，安装完成后，溃缩环93无法在滑动柱筒91内移动；然后，将溃缩柱筒92从滑动柱筒91的一端压入装配到滑动柱筒91内，在压入装配的过程中同时监控压入力的大小，在装配到位后所监控的压入力即是溃缩时的溃缩力。当车辆发生正面碰撞时，滑动柱筒91不动，碰撞力导致溃缩 柱筒92在滑动柱筒91内轴向移动，移动过程中溃缩柱筒92的表面被溃缩环93划伤，产生溃缩变形，从而吸收碰撞能量，减小对驾驶员的伤害。
为了增加溃缩效果，在一种实施方式中，如图22所示，溃缩环93上形成有向内突出的多个凸起931，在溃缩柱筒92相对于滑动柱筒91轴向移动的过程中，溃缩环93上的凸起931在溃缩柱筒92的表面上形成划痕，使得溃缩柱筒92产生溃缩变形。溃缩力的大小可以通过调整溃缩环93上的凸起个数及凸起高度来改变，直到满足设计要求。由于溃缩环93是对溃缩力产生直接影响的部件，因此当溃缩环93的尺寸及特征定型之后，溃缩力的大小基本就确定了，故而采用这种方式能够使溃缩力的一致性非常高。
为了保证溃缩环93能够将溃缩柱筒92的表面划伤，溃缩环93的材料硬度可以大于溃缩柱筒92的材料硬度。
溃缩环93可以通过任意适当的方式安装在滑动柱筒91内，例如与滑动柱筒91焊接或铆接。在一种实施方式中，如图21所示，滑动柱筒91的内壁上形成有环形定位槽913，溃缩环93嵌设在环形定位槽913内。
为了增加溃缩效果，同时防止溃缩柱筒92在滑动柱筒91内晃动，在一种实施方式中，如图19和图20所示，溃缩环93为两个，两个溃缩环93沿滑动柱筒91的轴向间隔分布。
为了消除滑动柱筒91与滑动套环100之间的间隙，减小晃动，在一种实施方式中，如图13所示，第一柱筒80上设置有压紧机构200，该压紧机构200向滑动柱筒91的侧面施加径向力，以将所述滑动柱筒91压紧在所述滑动套环100上。
进一步地，如图17和图18所示，第一柱筒80的侧壁上设置有安装孔804，压紧机构200设置在安装孔804内，压紧机构200包括依次层叠设置的卡簧201、碟簧压紧片202、多个碟簧203、垫片204和压紧块205，卡簧201卡接于安装孔804的内壁，多个碟簧203层叠布置且被压紧在所述碟簧压紧片202和垫片204之间，压紧块205抵接于所述滑动柱筒91的侧面。碟簧203的弹性力通过压紧块205传递到滑动柱筒91上，将滑动柱筒91与滑动套环100压紧。
除了以上描述的部件之外，如图2和图4所示，本公开的转向管柱还可以包括调节控制器180，调节控制器180安装在第一柱筒80上，调节控制器180通过第一线束191与角度调节电机10相连，调节控制器180通过第二线束192与高度调节电机110相连。
为了使转向管柱整体结构更紧凑，占用空间更小，在一种实施方式中，如图2和图4所示，沿第一柱筒80的轴向，调节控制器180位于第一柱筒80的两个端部之间，固定支架160、角度调节丝杆螺母机构、高度调节丝杆螺母机构、调节控制器180分布在所述第一柱筒80的周围，即，固定支架160、角度调节丝杆螺母机构、高度调节丝杆螺母机构、 调节控制器180包围第一柱筒80。
以下简要描述根据本公开的一种实施方式的转向管柱进行角度调节和高度调节的工作过程。
调节控制器180在接收到角度调节的信号后，驱动内部电路，通过第一线束191将驱动信号发送至角度调节电机10，角度调节电机10在接收到驱动信号后开始转动。角度调节电机10转动后将自身产生的转矩传递到角度调节丝杆30，使得角度调节丝杆30也跟着转动。角度调节丝杆30与角度调节螺母40之间为丝杆螺母副，当角度调节丝杆30转动时，角度调节螺母40沿着角度调节丝杆30的轴线移动。角度调节螺母40在沿着角度调节丝杆30移动的同时，也带动第一连杆171旋转，第一连杆171的旋转会带动第二连杆172绕第五铰接轴线E-E旋转，同时带动第一柱筒80绕第一铰接轴线A-A旋转，从而实现了转向管柱的角度调节功能。
调节控制器180在接收到高度调节的信号后，驱动内部电路，通过第二线束192将驱动信号发送至高度调节电机110，高度调节电机110在接收到驱动信号后开始转动。高度调节电机110转动后将自身产生的转矩传递到高度调节丝杆130，使得高度调节丝杆130也跟着转动。高度调节丝杆130与高度调节螺母140之间为丝杆螺母副，当高度调节丝杆130转动时，高度调节螺母140沿着高度调节丝杆130的轴线移动。高度调节螺母140与第二柱筒90之间固定连接，当高度调节螺母140移动时，第二柱筒90也随着一起移动，从而实现了转向管柱的高度调节功能。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供一种车辆，该车辆包括如上所述的转向管柱。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种转向管柱，其特征在于，包括转向轴(60)、固定支架(160)、第一柱筒(80)、第二柱筒(90)、角度调节电机(10)、角度调节丝杆螺母机构、连杆机构、高度调节电机(110)、高度调节丝杆螺母机构，所述第二柱筒(90)设置在所述第一柱筒(80)内且与所述第一柱筒(80)滑动套接，所述转向轴(60)穿设于所述第一柱筒(80)和所述第二柱筒(90)，所述转向轴(60)包括花键连接的上轴(61)和下轴(62)，所述上轴(61)通过第一轴承(71)支承在所述第二柱筒(90)内，所述下轴(62)通过第二轴承(72)支承在所述第一柱筒(80)内，所述第一柱筒(80)绕第一铰接轴线(A-A)铰接在所述固定支架(160)上，所述角度调节电机(10)能够通过所述角度调节丝杆螺母机构和所述连杆机构驱动所述第一柱筒(80)相对于所述固定支架(160)转动，所述高度调节电机(110)能够通过所述高度调节丝杆螺母机构驱动所述第二柱筒(90)相对于所述第一柱筒(80)轴向移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述角度调节丝杆螺母机构包括角度调节丝杆(30)和套设在所述角度调节丝杆(30)上的角度调节螺母(40)，所述角度调节丝杆(30)与所述角度调节电机(10)相连，所述角度调节螺母(40)通过所述连杆机构与所述固定支架(160)相连，所述连杆机构中的一个连杆绕第二铰接轴线(B-B)铰接在所述第一柱筒(80)上，所述第一铰接轴线(A-A)与所述第二铰接轴线(B-B)平行。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述角度调节丝杆(30)的轴线与所述第一铰接轴线(A-A)垂直。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述转向管柱还包括角度调节电机基座(20)，所述角度调节电机(10)固定在所述角度调节电机基座(20)上，所述角度调节电机基座(20)绕第三铰接轴线(C-C)铰接在所述第一柱筒(80)上，所述第三铰接轴线(C-C)与所述第一铰接轴线(A-A)平行。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述连杆机构包括第一连杆(171)和第二连杆(172)，所述第一连杆(171)的第一端绕第四铰接轴线(D-D)铰接在所述角度调节螺母(40)上，所述第一连杆(171)的第二端绕第六铰接轴线(F-F)铰接于所述第二连杆(172)的第一端，所述第二连杆(172)的第二端绕第五铰接轴线(E-E)铰接在所述固定支架(160)上，所述第一铰接轴线(A-A)、所述第四铰接轴线(D-D)、所述第五铰接轴线(E-E)和所述第六铰接轴线(F-F)平行，所述第一连杆(171)绕所述第二铰接轴线(B-B)铰接在所述第一柱筒(80)上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述第一连杆(171)具有与所述 角度调节螺母(40)相连的第一铰接点、与所述第一柱筒(80)相连的第二铰接点、与所述第二连杆(172)相连的第三铰接点，所述第一铰接点、所述第二铰接点和所述第三铰接点之间的连线呈三角形。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6中任一项所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述连杆机构为两个，两个所述连杆机构分别设置在所述角度调节螺母(40)的两侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述高度调节丝杆螺母机构包括高度调节丝杆(130)和套设在所述高度调节丝杆(130)上的高度调节螺母(140)，所述高度调节丝杆(130)与所述高度调节电机(110)相连，所述高度调节螺母(140)与所述第二柱筒(90)相连，所述高度调节丝杆(130)的轴线与所述第二柱筒(90)的轴线平行。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的转向管柱，其特征在于，所述转向管柱还包括高度调节电机基座(120)，所述高度调节电机(110)固定在所述高度调节电机基座(120)上，所述高度调节电机基座(120)固定在所述第一柱筒(80)上。
  10. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的转向管柱。
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US11498603B2 (en) 2022-11-15
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