WO2019223258A1 - 一种在线更新电池ocv曲线的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种在线更新电池ocv曲线的方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2019223258A1
WO2019223258A1 PCT/CN2018/116003 CN2018116003W WO2019223258A1 WO 2019223258 A1 WO2019223258 A1 WO 2019223258A1 CN 2018116003 W CN2018116003 W CN 2018116003W WO 2019223258 A1 WO2019223258 A1 WO 2019223258A1
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soc
ocv
curve
battery
internal resistance
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French (fr)
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时玉帅
张巍
王起亮
张建利
方兰兰
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金龙联合汽车工业（苏州）有限公司
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Priority to KR1020207019589A priority Critical patent/KR102454683B1/ko
Publication of WO2019223258A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019223258A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16528—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of power battery management, and particularly relates to a method and a device for updating the OCV curve of a battery online.
  • Electric vehicles are vehicles that use electric motors as power devices and batteries as energy storage devices.
  • the development of electric vehicles is an emerging strategic industry vigorously developed by countries after the energy crisis and financial crisis. Therefore, battery management is extremely important.
  • Battery pack remaining power (SOC) is an important parameter of the battery management system, the most important reference basis for battery usage route planning, and also the basis for power management in battery management.
  • the open-circuit voltage correction plus Amp-hour integral estimation method and battery-based Kalman filter algorithm are commonly used in power battery residual power estimation.
  • the Kalman filter algorithm can effectively estimate the battery remaining power (SOC) on the premise of obtaining a valid open circuit. Voltage (OCV) curve.
  • SOC battery remaining power
  • OCV Voltage
  • the OCV curve is generally obtained by offline calibration, but the offline calibration method is only used for batteries that are not shipped from the factory. The aging batteries on new energy vehicles use this offline calibration method to obtain the OCV curve is not in line with actual use. Situation.
  • the estimation of the SOC of the battery after aging depends on the OCV of the battery after aging. However, there is currently no method for updating the battery OCV online.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for updating the battery OCV curve online, which can realize the online updating of the battery OCV curve, and the OCV curve of the aging battery cells of a new energy vehicle can be obtained by this method.
  • a method for updating a battery OCV curve online includes the following steps:
  • S01 design the battery internal resistance model, set a certain range of SOC change window, when the change window is within this range, the internal resistance and OCV are fixed values;
  • S02 Measure the driving discharge curve, and obtain the corresponding current and voltage spectrum when the SOC changes from full charge or any state to discharge to a certain value;
  • S03 Take the data of different currents and corresponding voltages in the SOC change window in the working condition and perform a least squares analysis to obtain a set of OCV values and battery internal resistance values of different marks in the SOC change window, and analyze to obtain the OCV curve.
  • V i is the voltage and I i is the current.
  • the certain range is 1% -2% SOC range.
  • the method further includes obtaining the abscissa as time, the left of the ordinate is the current value, the graph of the SOC on the right is the graph of SOC, and the abscissa is time, and the left of the ordinate is the voltage value.
  • the graph on the right is the SOC.
  • step of obtaining the OCV curve by analyzing in step S03 includes:
  • the invention also discloses a device for updating the battery OCV curve online, including:
  • a battery internal resistance model design module design a battery internal resistance model, set a certain range of SOC change window, when the change window is within this range, the internal resistance and OCV are fixed values;
  • a discharge curve drawing module measure the driving discharge curve to obtain the current and voltage path spectrum of the SOC discharge
  • An OCV curve drawing module take the data of different currents and corresponding voltages in the SOC change window in the operating conditions and perform a least squares analysis to obtain a set of OCV values and battery internal resistance values for different marks in the SOC change window, and analyze and obtain the OCV curve.
  • V i is the voltage and I i is the current.
  • the certain range is 1% -2% SOC range.
  • the discharge curve drawing module is further configured to obtain the abscissa as time, the left of the ordinate is the current value, the graph of the SOC on the right is the graph of SOC, and the abscissa is time, and the left of the ordinate is the voltage value. , The right of the ordinate is the graph of SOC.
  • the step of analyzing and obtaining the OCV curve in the OCV curve drawing module includes:
  • the method of the present invention does not need to calibrate the OCV curve offline, but updates the OCV curve of the battery in combination with the actual operating conditions of the battery, which has the advantage of enabling the online testing of the OCV curve of the aging battery cells of new energy vehicles. It guarantees the real-time monitoring of the battery system of moving vehicles and has a positive effect on the detection of battery operating conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for updating a battery OCV curve online according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a current and voltage path spectrum curve of a battery test according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery OCV-SOC and R-SOC obtained by the analysis of the present invention.
  • An apparatus for updating an OCV curve of a battery online includes:
  • a battery internal resistance model design module design a battery internal resistance model, set a certain range of SOC change window, when the change window is within this range, the internal resistance and OCV are fixed values;
  • a discharge curve drawing module measure the driving discharge curve to obtain the current and voltage path spectrum of the SOC discharge
  • An OCV curve drawing module take the data of different currents and corresponding voltages in the SOC change window in the operating conditions and perform a least squares analysis to obtain a set of OCV values and battery internal resistance values for different marks in the SOC change window, and analyze and obtain the OCV curve.
  • the method for online updating the battery OCV curve by the device includes:
  • Step 2 Select 1% as the change window of SOC. Within this range of change, the internal resistance and OCV are approximately considered as constant values;
  • Step 3 the lithium battery is used as a research object, and the driving discharge curve is measured.
  • the entire discharge interval is not limited, and may be 100% to 0% or 90% to 15%.
  • the corresponding current and voltage circuit spectrums are obtained when the SOC changes from 100% in a fully charged state to 40% in a discharged state, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Step 4 Obtain a graph of time (unit: S) on the abscissa, current value (unit: A) on the left of the ordinate, and SOC (unit:%) on the right of the ordinate; and time (unit) on the abscissa Is: S), the left of the ordinate is the voltage value (unit: V), and the right of the ordinate is the graph of SOC (unit:%);
  • Step 5 Take the current and voltage data within 1% of the SOC change range and perform the least squares calculation analysis to obtain a set of OCV values and battery internal resistance values marked with SOC at 1%:
  • N is the number of change windows.
  • Step 6 a current-voltage linear correlation coefficient can be obtained.
  • Step 7 Analyze the OCV value and battery internal resistance value of a set of different marks calculated for each 1% of SOC in step 5 to obtain the OCV-SOC and R-SOC curve graphs. The average value of battery internal resistance and OCV can be obtained. Relation with SOC, accord with battery electromotive force characteristic;
  • Step 8 Obtain a graph with SOC (unit:%) on the abscissa and OCV (unit: V) on the ordinate; and SOC (unit:%) on the abscissa and R (unit: m ⁇ ) on the ordinate. ), As shown in Figure 3.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，包括：设计电池内阻模型，设定一定范围的SOC变化窗口，当变化窗口在此范围内内阻与OCV为定值；测量行车放电曲线，得到SOC放电的电流、电压路谱；取工况中SOC变化窗口内不同电流及对应电压的数据进行最小二乘法分析，得到一组SOC变化窗口内不同标记的OCV值及电池内阻值，分析得到OCV曲线。上述方法实现了在线更新电池OCV曲线，能够获得新能源汽车老化电芯的OCV曲线，进一步加强新能源汽车电池容量及电池内阻衰减的检测，对推进新能源汽车电池***检测有着积极的作用。

Description

一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法和装置 技术领域
本发明属于动力电池管理技术领域，具体地涉及一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法和装置。
背景技术
电动汽车是以电动机为动力装置，以电池为储能装置的交通工具。发展电动汽车是各国在能源危机和金融危机之后大力开发的新兴战略产业。因此，电池管理是极其重要的。电池组剩余电量(SOC)是电池管理***的重要参数，是电池使用路线规划最重要的参考依据，也是电池管理中功率管理等的依据。
动力电池的剩余电量估算通常采用的开路电压修正加安时积分的估算方法以及基于电池模型的卡尔曼滤波算法，卡尔曼滤波算法能够有效估算电池组剩余电量(SOC)的前提是获得有效的开路电压(OCV)曲线。而OCV曲线的获取方式一般采用线下标定，但线下标定的方法只针对出厂不久的电芯，新能源汽车上老化的电芯采用这种线下标定的方式获得OCV曲线是不符合实际使用情况的。而老化后电池SOC的估算依赖于老化后的电池OCV，然而目前还没有一种在线更新电池OCV的方法。
发明内容
针对上述存在的技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，能够实现在线更新电池OCV曲线，可以通过此方法获得新能源汽车老化电芯的OCV曲线。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，包括以下步骤：
S01：设计电池内阻模型，设定一定范围的SOC变化窗口，当变化窗口在此范围内内阻与OCV为定值；
S02：测量行车放电曲线，得到SOC从满充或任意状态至放电到某一值时相应的电流、电压路谱；
S03：取工况中SOC变化窗口内不同电流及对应电压的数据进行最小二乘法分析，得到一组SOC变化窗口内不同标记的OCV值及电池内阻值，分析得到OCV曲线。
优选的技术方案中，所述电池内阻模型为：V i(soc)＝OCV (soc)+I i×R (soc)，内阻R (soc)、开路电压OCV (soc)为定值，V i为电压，I i为电流。
优选的技术方案中，所述一定范围为1％-2％SOC范围。
优选的技术方案中，所述步骤S02之后还包括，得到横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电流值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图，及横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电压值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图。
优选的技术方案中，所述步骤S03中分析得到OCV曲线的步骤包括：
获得电流-电压的线性相关系数；
得到横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为OCV的OCV-SOC曲线图，及横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为R的R-SOC曲线图。
本发明还公开了一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的装置，包括：
一电池内阻模型设计模块：设计电池内阻模型，设定一定范围的SOC变化窗口，当变化窗口在此范围内内阻与OCV为定值；
一放电曲线绘制模块：测量行车放电曲线，得到SOC放电的电流、电压路谱；
一OCV曲线绘制模块：取工况中SOC变化窗口内不同电流及对应电压的数据进行最小二乘法分析，得到一组SOC变化窗口内不同标记的OCV值及电池内阻值，分析得到OCV曲线。
优选的技术方案中，所述电池内阻模型为：V i(soc)＝OCV (soc)+I i×R (soc)，内阻R (soc)、开路电压OCV (soc)为定值，V i为电压，I i为电流。
优选的技术方案中，所述一定范围为1％-2％SOC范围。
优选的技术方案中，所述放电曲线绘制模块还用于，得到横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电流值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图，及横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电压值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图。
优选的技术方案中，所述OCV曲线绘制模块中分析得到OCV曲线的步骤包括：
获得电流-电压的线性相关系数；
得到横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为OCV的OCV-SOC曲线图，及横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为R的R-SOC曲线图。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明方法不需要线下标定OCV曲线，而是结合电池实际的使用工况来更新电池的OCV曲线，其具有可实现新能源汽车老化电芯在线测试OCV曲线的优点。保证对行驶车辆电池***的实时监控，对电池工况的检测具有积极作用。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
图1是本发明一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法的流程图；
图2是本发明电池测试的电流、电压路谱曲线示意图；
图3是本发明分析得到的电池OCV-SOC、R-SOC示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了，下面结合具体实施方式并参照附图，对本发明进一步详细说明。应该理解，这些描述只是示例性的，而并非要限制本发明的范围。此外，在以下说明中，省略了对公知结构和技术的描述，以避免不必要地混淆本发明的概念。
实施例：
本发明的一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的装置，包括：
一电池内阻模型设计模块：设计电池内阻模型，设定一定范围的SOC变化窗口，当变化窗口在此范围内内阻与OCV为定值；
一放电曲线绘制模块：测量行车放电曲线，得到SOC放电的电流、电压路谱；
一OCV曲线绘制模块：取工况中SOC变化窗口内不同电流及对应电压的数据进行最小二乘法分析，得到一组SOC变化窗口内不同标记的OCV值及电池内阻值，分析得到OCV曲线。
如图1所示，该装置进行在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，包括：
步骤一、设计电池内阻模型为V i(soc)＝OCV (soc)+I i×R (soc)，内阻R (soc)、 开路电压OCV (soc)为定值，V i为电压，I i为电流。由于锂离子电池的内阻与电动势都是随SOC变化的，故当SOC变化值较小时，内阻与OCV可近似为常数；小范围变化窗口可取1％-2％之间。
步骤二、选取1％作为SOC的变化窗口，在此变化窗口范围内近似认为内阻与OCV为定值；
步骤三、本实施例以锂电池作为研究对象，测量其行车放电曲线，整个放电区间并不做限制，可以是100％到0％也可以是90％到15％。本实施例以获取SOC从满充状态100％至放电到40％时相应的电流、电压路谱，如图2所示。
步骤四、得到横坐标为时间(单位为：S)，纵坐标左为电流值(单位为：A)，纵坐标右为SOC(单位为：％)的曲线图；及横坐标为时间(单位为：S)，纵坐标左为电压值(单位为：V)，纵坐标右为SOC(单位为：％)的曲线图；
步骤五、取SOC变化范围为1％以内的电流、电压数据进行最小二乘法计算分析，得到一组以SOC按1％标记的OCV值及电池内阻值：
其中，OCV计算方法：
Figure PCTCN2018116003-appb-000001
电池内阻R计算方法：
Figure PCTCN2018116003-appb-000002
其中N为变化窗口数。
步骤六、相应地，可以获得电流-电压的线性相关系数；
步骤七、将步骤五中每1％份SOC计算得到的一组不同标记的OCV值及电池内阻值进行分析得到OCV-SOC及R-SOC曲线图，可以得到电池内阻的平均值以及OCV与SOC关系，符合电池电动势特性；
步骤八、得到横坐标为SOC(单位为：％)，纵坐标为OCV(单位为：V)的曲线图；及横坐标为SOC(单位为：％)，纵坐标为R(单位为：mΩ)的曲线图，如图3所示。
应当理解的是，本发明的上述具体实施方式仅仅用于示例性说明或解释 本发明的原理，而不构成对本发明的限制。因此，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。此外，本发明所附权利要求旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求范围和边界、或者这种范围和边界的等同形式内的全部变化和修改例。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S01：设计电池内阻模型，设定一定范围的SOC变化窗口，当变化窗口在此范围内内阻与OCV为定值；
    S02：测量行车放电曲线，得到SOC放电的电流、电压路谱；
    S03：取工况中SOC变化窗口内不同电流及对应电压的数据进行最小二乘法分析，得到一组SOC变化窗口内不同标记的OCV值及电池内阻值，分析得到OCV曲线。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，其特征在于，所述电池内阻模型为：V i(soc)＝OCV (soc)+I i×R (soc)，内阻R (soc)、开路电压OCV (soc)为定值，V i为电压，I i为电流。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，其特征在于，所述一定范围为1％-2％SOC范围。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S02之后还包括，得到横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电流值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图，及横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电压值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S03中分析得到OCV曲线的步骤包括：
    获得电流-电压的线性相关系数；
    得到横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为OCV的OCV-SOC曲线图，及横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为R的R-SOC曲线图。
  6. 一种在线更新电池OCV曲线的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    一电池内阻模型设计模块：设计电池内阻模型，设定一定范围的SOC变化窗口，当变化窗口在此范围内内阻与OCV为定值；
    一放电曲线绘制模块：测量行车放电曲线，得到SOC放电的电流、电压路谱；
    一OCV曲线绘制模块：取工况中SOC变化窗口内不同电流及对应电压的数据进行最小二乘法分析，得到一组SOC变化窗口内不同标记的OCV值及电池内阻值，分析得到OCV曲线。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的装置，其特征在于， 所述电池内阻模型为：V i(soc)＝OCV (soc)+I i×R (soc)，内阻R (soc)、开路电压OCV (soc)为定值，V i为电压，I i为电流。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的装置，其特征在于，所述一定范围为1％-2％SOC范围。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的装置，其特征在于，所述放电曲线绘制模块还用于，得到横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电流值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图，及横坐标为时间，纵坐标左为电压值，纵坐标右为SOC的曲线图。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的在线更新电池OCV曲线的装置，其特征在于，所述OCV曲线绘制模块中分析得到OCV曲线的步骤包括：
    获得电流-电压的线性相关系数；
    得到横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为OCV的OCV-SOC曲线图，及横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为R的R-SOC曲线图。
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