WO2019223143A1 - Guide mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A guide mechanism for a bicycle gearshift, and in particular a guide mechanism for a bicycle rear derailleur. In order to prevent the gearshift from being rubbed against the outside during riding and from being easily damaged by rubbing or crashing, the guide mechanism comprises: N guide rails (106/55g), 10≥N≥1. If N>1, the guide rails are parallel to each other. The guide rails (106) are located within the range from front side to the lower side of a flywheel (103) and substantially parallel to the outer contour line (L7) of the flywheel (103), or are located on the lower front side of the flywheel and substantially parallel to a flywheel axis (L2). A base comprises a main body (105a) which has a frame connecting end and a guide rail connecting end, the frame connecting end being fixedly connected to the rear portion of a frame (101a), and the guide rail connecting end being integrally formed or fixedly connected to the guide rails (106), or the base comprises a protective cover (51) which is in the shape of a box, the protective cover (51) being integrally formed or fixedly connected to the rear portion of the frame (52). The guide rails (55g) are detachably and fixedly connected inside the protective cover (51).

Description

一种导向机构Guiding mechanism 技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及一种用于自行车变速装置的导向机构，特别是一种用于自行车后拨链器的导向机构。The present invention relates to a guide mechanism for a bicycle transmission, and particularly to a guide mechanism for a bicycle rear derailleur.

背景技术Background technique

在后拨链器中，其限定动作轨迹的机构为导向机构，例如常见后拨中的平行四边形连杆机构；以及专利EP：93420058：A中的杆件(该后拨以一根能沿轴向往复位移的杆件替代了现有后拨通用的平行四边形连杆机构)。由于上述导向机构(平行四边形连杆机构或杆件)在最高速档(链条啮合最小链轮)时，会向车架外侧移动，即此时上述导向机构实际上成为后拨中向车架外侧最凸出的部分。在狭窄道路如林道骑行时，上述导向机构很容易因凸出车架而与外界发生擦碰而损坏。In the rear derailleur, the mechanism that defines the trajectory of movement is a guide mechanism, such as the parallelogram linkage mechanism in common rear derailleurs; and the lever in the patent EP: 93420058: A (the rear derailleur is The reciprocating lever replaces the existing parallelogram linkage mechanism. Because the above-mentioned guide mechanism (parallelogram linkage mechanism or lever) is at the highest speed (the chain engages the smallest sprocket), it will move to the outside of the frame, that is, the above-mentioned guide mechanism will actually become a rearward dial to the outside of the frame. The most protruding part. When riding on a narrow road such as a forest road, the above-mentioned guide mechanism is easily damaged due to the collision with the outside due to the protruding frame.

发明内容Summary of the Invention

本发明的主要目的是提出一种导向机构，该导向机构不易因与外界擦碰而损坏。The main object of the present invention is to provide a guide mechanism, which is not easily damaged by rubbing with the outside world.

为此，该导向机构包括：N条导轨，基座；5≥N≥1；当N＞1时，导轨相互平行；导轨位于飞轮的前方至下方范围并基本平行于飞轮外轮廓线；或导轨位于飞轮的前下方并基本平行于飞轮轴线；基座包括本体，本体构造为连接在车架与导轨之间；本体包括车架连接端和导轨连接端，车架连接端固定连接在车架的后部；导轨连接端与导轨一体制造或固定连接；或基座包括保护罩，保护罩为盒状，保护罩与车架的后部一体制造或固定连接；导轨能拆装的固定连接在保护罩内。To this end, the guiding mechanism includes: N guide rails and a base; 5≥N≥1; when N> 1, the guide rails are parallel to each other; the guide rails are located in the front to the lower range of the flywheel and are substantially parallel to the outer contour of the flywheel; or the guide rails It is located in front of and below the flywheel and is substantially parallel to the axis of the flywheel. The base includes a body, which is configured to be connected between the frame and the guide rail. The body includes a frame connection end and a guide rail connection end. The frame connection end is fixedly connected to the frame. The rear part; the rail connecting end is integrally manufactured or fixedly connected to the rail; or the base includes a protective cover, the protective cover is box-shaped, and the protective cover is integrally manufactured or fixedly connected to the rear part of the frame; Inside the hood.

本发明将导轨设在飞轮的前方至下方范围或飞轮的前下方，即导向机构基本位于车架内侧，因而不易与外界发生擦碰。对于基座为保护罩的方案，除了以上优点外还使后拨具有防尘防水的功能，提升了后拨的可靠性，因而具有较好的市场前景。According to the present invention, the guide rail is provided in a range from the front to the lower side of the flywheel or the front and the lower side of the flywheel, that is, the guide mechanism is basically located inside the frame, so it is not easy to collide with the outside world. For the scheme of the base as the protective cover, in addition to the above advantages, the rear dial has the function of dustproof and waterproof, which improves the reliability of the rear dial, and therefore has a good market prospect.

为了连接导链部与致动部，该导向机构包括：移动部，能沿导轨往复位移的连接到导轨。In order to connect the chain guide portion and the actuating portion, the guide mechanism includes a moving portion connected to the guide rail and capable of reciprocating displacement along the guide rail.

移动部包括如下优选方案：当N＝1时：导轨具有非圆形横截面；移动部包括滑块a；滑块a具有与导轨截面形状相应、间隙配合的贯通孔a或贯通槽a；导轨贯穿贯通孔a或贯通槽a；或移动部包括滑车a；滑车a以滚轮机构a或滚轴机构a支承在导轨；当5≥N＞1时：移动部包括滑块b；滑块b具有与导轨数目相同、位置相应、截面形状相应、间隙配合的贯通孔b或贯通槽b；导轨贯穿贯通孔b或贯通槽b；或移动部包括滑车b；滑车b以滚轮机构b或滚轴机构b支承在导轨。The moving part includes the following preferred schemes: when N = 1: the guide rail has a non-circular cross section; the moving part includes a slider a; the slider a has a through hole a or a through groove a corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail and a clearance fit; the guide rail Through-hole a or through-hole a; or the moving part includes a pulley a; the pulley a is supported on the guide rail by a roller mechanism a or a roller mechanism a; when 5≥N> 1: the moving portion includes a slider b; the slider b has Through holes b or through grooves b with the same number of guides, corresponding positions, corresponding cross-sectional shapes, and clearance fit; through holes or through grooves b in the guide rails; or the moving part includes a block b; the block b uses a roller mechanism b or a roller mechanism b Supported on the guide rail.

采用采用滑块方案的移动部，具有结构简单、可靠性高的优点。The moving part adopting the slider scheme has the advantages of simple structure and high reliability.

为了驱动移动部，该导向机构包括：致动部，连接在移动部,以致动移动部沿导轨位移。In order to drive the moving part, the guide mechanism includes an actuating part connected to the moving part to actuate the moving part to move along the guide rail.

致动部的一个优选方案是：致动部包括拉线、线管、单向力机构；拉线能往复移动的贯穿在线管内；拉线的端部固定连接在移动部；线管的端部固定连接在基座、导轨的端部或车架；单向力机构连接在移动部，以对移动部施加单向力；拉线的拉力与单向力机构的单向力共同作用而使移动部位移。A preferred solution of the actuating part is: the actuating part includes a wire, a wire tube, and a unidirectional force mechanism; the wire can pass through the wire tube reciprocally; the end of the wire is fixedly connected to the moving part; the end of the wire tube is fixedly connected to The end of the base, the guide rail or the frame; the unidirectional force mechanism is connected to the moving part to apply a unidirectional force to the moving part; the pulling force of the pull wire and the unidirectional force of the unidirectional force mechanism work together to displace the moving part.

为了引导链条实现变速，该导向机构包括：导链部，连接到移动部，以带动链条由飞轮的初始档位移向飞轮的目标档位。In order to guide the chain to achieve speed change, the guide mechanism includes a chain guide portion connected to the moving portion to drive the chain to move from the initial gear of the flywheel to the target gear of the flywheel.

导链部的一个优选方案是：导链部包括导轮a、连接体a和张紧轮a；导轮a能转动的连接在移动部；连接体a具有上部和下部；连接体a的上部偏转的枢接在移动部；张紧轮a能转动的连接在连接体a的下部；链条依次啮合在中盘a的上部、飞轮、导轮a、张紧轮a、再回到中盘a的下部。A preferred solution of the chain guide part is: the chain guide part includes a guide wheel a, a connecting body a and a tensioning wheel a; the guide wheel a is rotatably connected to the moving part; the connecting body a has an upper part and a lower part; the upper part of the connecting body a The deflected pivot is connected to the moving part; the tensioning wheel a is rotatably connected to the lower part of the connecting body a; the chain is meshed with the upper part of the middle plate a, the flywheel, the guide wheel a, the tensioning wheel a, and then back to the middle plate a. The lower part.

导链部的一个优选方案是：导链部包括导轮b、连接体b和张紧轮b；连接体b具有上部 和下部；导轮b能转动的连接在连接体b的上部；连接体b的上部偏转的枢接在移动部；张紧轮b能转动的连接在连接体b的下部；链条依次啮合在中盘b的上部、飞轮、导轮b、张紧轮b、再回到中盘b的下部。A preferred solution of the chain guide part is that the chain guide part includes a guide wheel b, a connecting body b and a tensioning wheel b; the connecting body b has an upper part and a lower part; the guide wheel b is rotatably connected to the upper part of the connecting body b; the connecting body The upper part of b is pivoted at the moving part; the tensioning wheel b is rotatably connected to the lower part of the connecting body b; the chain is meshed with the upper part of the middle plate b, the flywheel, the guide wheel b, the tensioning wheel b, and then back. The lower part of the middle plate b.

本发明的一个次要目的是，对后拨张紧轮、导轮和它们之间的链条进行保护，避免卷入地面杂物。A secondary objective of the present invention is to protect the rear dial tensioner, the guide wheel and the chain between them to avoid getting caught in the ground.

为此，后拨连接体b的一个优选方案是：连接体b包括管状拨腿；导轮b能转动的连接在管状拨腿的上部的内部；张紧轮b能转动的连接在管状拨腿的下部的内部；管状拨腿的上、下管口分别朝向链条的移出和移入方向；管状拨腿的上部偏转的枢接在移动部。To this end, a preferred solution of the rear dial connecting body b is: the connecting body b includes a tubular dial leg; the guide wheel b is rotatably connected to the inside of the upper portion of the tubular dial leg; and the tensioning wheel b is rotatably connected to the tubular dial leg. The lower part of the upper part; the upper and lower nozzles of the tubular shifter are moved toward and out of the chain respectively; the upper part of the tubular shifter is pivoted at the moving part.

由于管状拨腿将导轮和张紧轮内置于其中，因而能有效对导轮、张紧轮和该段链条进行保护。Because the tubular shifting leg has a guide wheel and a tensioner built therein, the guide wheel, the tensioner and the chain can be effectively protected.

导链部的一个优选方案是：导链部包括导轮c、支架和张紧轮c；支架包括短臂a和短臂b；短臂a与短臂b的连接处偏转的枢接在移动部；导轮c能转动的连接在短臂a的端部；张紧轮c能转动的连接在短臂b的端部；导轮c轴线至枢转轴线的距离Z；张紧轮c轴线至枢转轴线的距离Y，1.3Z≤Y≤2.5Z；导轮c轴线与枢转轴线所在的平面，与张紧轮c轴线与枢转轴线所在平面的夹角为α，50°≤α≤85°；导轨位于飞轮的前下方并基本平行于飞轮轴线；枢转轴线与飞轮轴线的距离为X，飞轮轴线与中盘d轴线的距离为W，6％W≤X≤16％W；链条依次啮合在中盘d的上部、飞轮、导轮c，张紧轮c再回至中盘d的下部。A preferred solution of the chain guide part is: the chain guide part includes a guide wheel c, a bracket and a tensioning wheel c; the bracket includes a short arm a and a short arm b; the pivot joint of the short arm a and the short arm b is deflected to move The guide wheel c is rotatably connected at the end of the short arm a; the tension wheel c is rotatably connected at the end of the short arm b; the distance Z between the guide wheel c axis and the pivot axis; the tension wheel c axis Distance Y to the pivot axis, 1.3Z≤Y≤2.5Z; the angle between the c axis of the guide wheel and the pivot axis, and the angle between the c axis of the tension wheel and the plane of the pivot axis are α, 50 ° ≤α ≤85 °; the guide rail is located in front of and below the flywheel and is substantially parallel to the flywheel axis; the distance between the pivot axis and the flywheel axis is X, and the distance between the flywheel axis and the d-axis of the center plate is W, 6% W≤X≤16% W; The chain meshes with the upper part of the middle plate d, the flywheel and the guide wheel c in turn, and the tensioning wheel c returns to the lower part of the middle plate d.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

此处的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。下面接合附图对本发明的具体说明方式作进一步的详细说明。The drawings herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. The detailed description of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

图1、实施例1导向机构的侧视图。Fig. 1 is a side view of the guide mechanism of the first embodiment.

图2、实施例1导向机构的俯视图。Fig. 2 is a plan view of a guide mechanism of the first embodiment.

图3、实施例1导向机构的前视图。Fig. 3 is a front view of the guide mechanism of the first embodiment.

图4、实施例1导向机构的分解图。Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the guide mechanism of the first embodiment.

图5、实施例1基座与车架尾钩的连接方案示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection scheme of a base and a frame tail hook in Embodiment 1. FIG.

图6、实施例1一种偏转枢接机构的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a deflection pivoting mechanism in Embodiment 1. FIG.

图7、实施例1一种致动部的示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an actuating part in Embodiment 1. FIG.

图8、实施例1一种导轨方案的侧视图。FIG. 8 is a side view of a guide rail solution of Embodiment 1. FIG.

图9、实施例1另一种导轨方案的前视图。FIG. 9 is a front view of another guide rail solution of Embodiment 1. FIG.

图10、实施例1一种移动部和导链部方案的示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a solution of a moving part and a chain guide part in Embodiment 1. FIG.

图11、实施例1一种移动部和导链部方案的分解图。FIG. 11 is an exploded view of a solution of a moving part and a chain guide part in Embodiment 1. FIG.

图12、实施例2导向机构的侧视图。Fig. 12 is a side view of a guide mechanism according to the second embodiment.

图13、实施例2一种导链部的分解图。FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a chain guide portion of Embodiment 2. FIG.

图14、实施例2一种拨腿机构的分解图。FIG. 14 is an exploded view of a leg shifting mechanism of Embodiment 2. FIG.

图15、实施例3基座、导轨和导链部的示意图。FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a base, a guide rail, and a chain guide part according to Embodiment 3. FIG.

图16、实施例3导链部的分解图。Fig. 16 is an exploded view of the chain guide portion of the third embodiment.

图17、实施例4导向机构的侧视图。Fig. 17 is a side view of the guide mechanism in the fourth embodiment.

图18、实施例4一种移动部、导链部的分解图。FIG. 18 is an exploded view of a moving part and a chain guide part in Embodiment 4. FIG.

图19、实施例4另一种移动部、导链部的分解图。FIG. 19 is an exploded view of another moving part and a chain guide part of Embodiment 4. FIG.

图20、实施例5一种保护罩、导轨和致动部的分解图。20, Embodiment 5 is an exploded view of a protective cover, a guide rail, and an actuating part.

图21、实施例5另一种保护罩、导轨和致动部的分解图。FIG. 21 is an exploded view of another protective cover, a guide rail, and an actuating part of Embodiment 5. FIG.

图22、实施例5另一种保护罩、致动部的分解图。FIG. 22 is an exploded view of another protective cover and an actuating part of Embodiment 5. FIG.

图23、实施例5一种保护罩与后避震车架的连接示意图。FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a protective cover and a rear suspension frame in Embodiment 5. FIG.

图24、实施例5另一种保护罩与后避震车架的连接示意图。FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a connection between another protective cover and a rear suspension frame in Embodiment 5. FIG.

图25、实施例6一种导轨和移动部的示意图。FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a guide rail and a moving part of Embodiment 6. FIG.

图26、实施例6另一种导轨和移动部的示意图。FIG. 26 is a schematic view of another guide rail and a moving part of Embodiment 6. FIG.

图27、实施例7一种导轨和移动部的示意图。FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a guide rail and a moving part in Embodiment 7. FIG.

图28、实施例7另一种导轨和移动部的示意图。FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of another guide rail and a moving part of Embodiment 7. FIG.

图29、实施例8一种致动部的示意图。FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of an actuating part in Embodiment 8. FIG.

图30、实施例9一种致动部的示意图。FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of an actuating part in Embodiment 9. FIG.

图31、实施例10一种致动部的示意图。FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of an actuating part in Embodiment 10. FIG.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1Example 1

一个优选的实施例如图1至图4所示，基座包括本体105a，为减轻重量，优选本体105a构造为杆状、条状、管状等轻量的实体(本例以本体105a为杆状进行说明)，本体105a上部为车架连接端，其具有环105b，环105b套装在轮轴101b，螺母101c旋紧在轮轴101b端部的螺纹将环105b固定的连接在车架101a。本体105a下部为导轨连接端，其与导轨106的端部采用一体制造(例如铸造、整块材料切削加工等)或采用铆接、焊接、螺栓连接等方式固定连接在一起。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4. The base includes a body 105 a. In order to reduce weight, the body 105 a is preferably configured as a rod-shaped, strip-shaped, or tubular light-weight entity (this example uses the body 105 a as a rod-shaped body). (Illustration), the upper part of the body 105a is the frame connection end, which has a ring 105b, the ring 105b is sleeved on the axle 101b, and the nut 101c is screwed on the end of the axle 101b to fix the ring 105b to the frame 101a. The lower part of the body 105a is a guide rail connecting end, which is integrally manufactured with the end of the guide rail 106 (for example, casting, cutting of a single piece of material, etc.) or fixedly connected by means of riveting, welding, bolting, and the like.

导轨106的横截面为非圆形(例如矩形、三角形、椭圆形等)，本例优选为矩形。导轨106位于飞轮103的下方并基本平行于飞轮103的外轮廓线L7。注：1、飞轮103的外轮廓线L7是指飞轮103的最小链轮的分度圆和最大链轮的分度圆之间的连线，在导轮109a的轨迹线与飞轮103的轴线所在平面A-B的投影。2、导轨106基本平行于飞轮103的外轮廓线L7是指导轨106在平面A-B的投影与飞轮103的外轮廓线L7基本平行。基本平行是指在保证变速的前提下，导轨106不必精准的与线L7平行。The cross section of the guide rail 106 is non-circular (for example, rectangular, triangular, oval, etc.), and is preferably rectangular in this example. The guide rail 106 is located below the flywheel 103 and is substantially parallel to the outer contour line L7 of the flywheel 103. Note: 1. The outer contour line L7 of the flywheel 103 refers to the connection between the graduation circle of the smallest sprocket and the graduation circle of the largest sprocket. The trajectory of the guide wheel 109a and the axis of the flywheel 103 are located. Projection of plane AB. 2. The guide rail 106 is substantially parallel to the outer contour line L7 of the flywheel 103, which means that the projection of the guide rail 106 on the plane A-B is substantially parallel to the outer contour line L7 of the flywheel 103. By substantially parallel, it is meant that the guide rail 106 need not be exactly parallel to the line L7 under the premise of ensuring speed change.

移动部包括滑块107(滑块a)，滑块107具有与导轨106截面形状相应的贯通孔，贯通孔的内周面与导轨106的外周面为间隙配合，使滑块107能够相对导轨106往复滑动。注：滑块的贯通孔与导轨形状相应是指二者的横截面包括且不限于形状相同，其技术效果为能使得滑块仅能沿导轨轴向往复位移。例如：均为正方形横截面的导轨和贯通孔，二者为间隙配合，如沿轴向切去导轨的一个角使导轨的横截面由正方形变为五边形，虽然此时导轨与贯通孔的形状不同，但其技术效果没有改变。又例如正八角形横截面的导轨***正方形横截面的贯通孔，导轨的其中4个面与贯通孔的4个面为间隙配合，二者同样能相对滑动。又例如考虑防尘等因素，为了滑动顺畅，在导轨表面和/或滑块贯通孔的内壁沿轴向刻出细密的沟槽以帮助滑动。虽然这样在微观上造成导轨与滑块贯通孔的横截面外形相似而不相同，这类情况同样视为二者截面形状相应。The moving part includes a slider 107 (slider a). The slider 107 has a through hole corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail 106. The inner peripheral surface of the through hole and the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail 106 are clearance fits, so that the slider 107 can be opposed to the guide rail 106. Slide back and forth. Note: The corresponding shape of the through hole of the slider and the guide rail means that the cross-sections of the two include and are not limited to the same shape. The technical effect is to enable the slider to reciprocate only along the axial direction of the guide rail. For example: the guide rail and the through-hole with a square cross-section, both of which are clearance fit. For example, by cutting one corner of the guide rail in the axial direction, the cross-section of the guide rail changes from a square to a pentagon. The shape is different, but its technical effect has not changed. For another example, a guide rail with a regular octagonal cross section is inserted into a through hole with a square cross section. Four surfaces of the guide rail and four surfaces of the through hole are clearance fits, and the two can also slide relative to each other. For example, considering factors such as dust prevention, in order to slide smoothly, a fine groove is carved in the axial direction on the surface of the guide rail and / or the inner wall of the slider through hole to help sliding. Although the cross-sectional shapes of the guide rail and the slider through-hole are similar and different from each other in this microscopic situation, this kind of situation is also considered as the corresponding cross-sectional shape.

致动部包括拉线108b、线管108a，单向力机构包括偏压弹簧108c。滑块107靠近本体105a的一端采用一体制造、焊接、粘接等方式设有拉线座108d，拉线座108d具有孔，拉线108b穿过拉线座的孔，拉线108b的端部直径大于拉线座孔的直径，这样就使拉线108b固定连接在拉线座108d。(或拉线座108b的孔壁沿径向设有贯通外部的螺孔，1枚螺钉旋紧在该螺孔中并将拉线108b紧压在孔壁。又或拉线以系紧的方式连接在拉线座。等等)。本体105a的下端采用一体制造、焊接、螺钉连接等方式设有线管座108e，线管座108e为管状，其内腔具有内螺纹，线管108a的端部具有外螺纹，线管108a的端部旋紧在线管座108e的内螺纹中。(或线管108a的端部与线管座108e为过盈配合，线管108a的端部***线管座108e的内腔、这两种线管的固定连接方式均为现有技术所常见)。拉线108b和线管108a的另一端连接在自行车的控制装置如控制手柄(非本发明内容，未示出。下同)。偏压弹簧108c套在导轨106上，偏压弹簧108c的一端紧压在设于导轨106外端的弹簧座106a上、偏压弹簧108c的另一端紧压在滑块107，以向滑块107施加偏压力。The actuating part includes a pull wire 108b and a wire tube 108a, and the unidirectional force mechanism includes a bias spring 108c. The end of the slider 107 near the body 105a is provided with a pull-wire base 108d which is integrally manufactured, welded, and bonded. The pull-wire base 108d has a hole, and the pull-wire 108b passes through the hole of the pull-wire base. Diameter, so that the wire 108b is fixedly connected to the wire base 108d. (Or the hole wall of the wire drawing base 108b is provided with a screw hole penetrating the outside in the radial direction, and a screw is tightened in the screw hole and the wire 108b is pressed against the hole wall. Or the wire is connected to the wire drawing base in a tightening manner. and many more). The lower end of the body 105a is provided with a wire socket 108e by means of integral manufacturing, welding, screw connection, etc. The wire socket 108e is tubular, and the inner cavity thereof has internal threads, the ends of the wires 108a have external threads, and the ends of the wires 108a It is screwed into the internal thread of the wire socket 108e. (Or the end of the wire tube 108a is in an interference fit with the wire tube holder 108e, the end of the wire tube 108a is inserted into the inner cavity of the wire tube holder 108e, and the two fixed connection methods of the wire tube are common in the prior art) . The other ends of the pull wire 108b and the wire tube 108a are connected to a bicycle control device such as a control handle (not the content of the present invention, not shown. The same applies hereinafter). A biasing spring 108c is sleeved on the guide rail 106. One end of the biasing spring 108c is pressed against a spring seat 106a provided on the outer end of the guide rail 106, and the other end of the biasing spring 108c is pressed against the slider 107 to apply the slider 107. Partial pressure.

导链部包括导轮109a(导轮a)、张紧轮110a(张紧轮a)和连接杆110d(连接体a，连接体a优选为杆状、管状、条状等细长的实体，也可优选为例2示出的由2块平行的后拨导 板组成的箱体)。滑块107的外周设有轴承座109c，轴承座109c的轴线L3与飞轮103的轴线L2基本平行(见图3)。轴承109b过盈连接在轴承座109c，导轮109a过盈连接在轴承109b的外周面。优选的，为了防止轴承109a松脱，轴承座109c的相应位置还设有卡槽，卡环109d卡装在卡槽内。滑块107的下部设有枢轴110h，枢轴110h的轴线L5与飞轮103的轴线L2基本平行(见图3)。连接杆110d的上部设有偏转弹簧座110e，偏转弹簧座110e具有环状的凹槽，偏转弹簧110g置于此凹槽中，偏转弹簧110g的一端***滑块107专门设置的孔中以固定连接在滑块107，偏转弹簧110g的另一端***偏转弹簧座110e凹槽内专门设置的孔中以固定连接在偏转弹簧座110e，枢轴110h贯穿并凸出偏转弹簧座110f的中心孔，枢轴110h与偏转弹簧座的中心孔为间隙配合。卡环110f安装在枢轴110h的端部以阻止偏转弹簧座110e滑脱。连接杆110d的下部具有轴承座110c，轴承座110c的轴线L6与飞轮103的轴线L2基本平行(见图3)，轴承110b过盈连接在轴承座110c，张紧轮110a过盈连接在轴承座110c。The guide chain portion includes a guide wheel 109a (guide wheel a), a tensioning wheel 110a (tensioning wheel a), and a connecting rod 110d (connecting body a. The connecting body a is preferably a rod-shaped, tubular, or strip-shaped elongated entity, It may also be a box composed of two parallel rear dials as shown in Example 2). A bearing block 109c is provided on the outer periphery of the slider 107, and the axis L3 of the bearing block 109c is substantially parallel to the axis L2 of the flywheel 103 (see FIG. 3). The bearing 109b is interference-connected to the bearing seat 109c, and the guide wheel 109a is interference-connected to the outer peripheral surface of the bearing 109b. Preferably, in order to prevent the bearing 109a from loosening, a corresponding slot is further provided at the corresponding position of the bearing seat 109c, and the snap ring 109d is fitted in the slot. The lower part of the slider 107 is provided with a pivot axis 110h, and the axis L5 of the pivot axis 110h is substantially parallel to the axis L2 of the flywheel 103 (see FIG. 3). The upper part of the connecting rod 110d is provided with a deflection spring seat 110e. The deflection spring seat 110e has an annular groove. The deflection spring 110g is placed in this groove. One end of the deflection spring 110g is inserted into a hole specially provided in the slider 107 for fixed connection. In the slider 107, the other end of the deflection spring 110g is inserted into a hole provided in the groove of the deflection spring seat 110e to be fixedly connected to the deflection spring seat 110e. The pivot 110h penetrates and protrudes from the center hole of the deflection spring seat 110f. The pivot 110h fits with the center hole of the deflection spring seat. A snap ring 110f is installed at an end of the pivot shaft 110h to prevent the deflection spring seat 110e from slipping off. The lower part of the connecting rod 110d has a bearing housing 110c. The axis L6 of the bearing housing 110c is substantially parallel to the axis L2 of the flywheel 103 (see FIG. 3). The bearing 110b is connected to the bearing housing 110c in an interference manner, and the tensioning wheel 110a is connected to the bearing housing in an interference manner. 110c.

下面以高速档向低速挡变速为例简要说明本方案的变速过程：骑行者操作控制手柄使拉线108b相对线管108a放松一定的长度，偏压弹簧108c推动滑块107沿导轨106位移，滑块107带动导轮109a，导轮109a带动链条102由飞轮103中的小链轮(初始档位)移向相邻的大链轮(目标档位)。偏转弹簧110g向连接杆110d施以顺时针方向(图1方向)的偏压力，以使张紧轮110a张紧链条102。The following uses the high-speed to low-speed transmission as an example to briefly explain the shifting process of this scheme: the rider operates the control handle to relax the pull wire 108b relative to the wire tube 108a by a certain length, and the biasing spring 108c pushes the slider 107 to move along the guide rail 106. The slider 107 drives the guide wheel 109a, and the guide wheel 109a drives the chain 102 to move from the small sprocket (initial gear) in the flywheel 103 to the adjacent large sprocket (target gear). The deflection spring 110g applies a biasing force in a clockwise direction (direction of FIG. 1) to the connecting rod 110d, so that the tensioning wheel 110a tensions the chain 102.

本例还包括多种衍生方案：一、如图5所示，对于车架101a具有尾钩101d(车钩)的自行车，基座本体105a的车架连接端具有连接环，1枚螺栓101e贯穿该连接环并旋紧在尾钩101d的螺孔内。This example also includes a variety of derivative solutions: 1. As shown in FIG. 5, for a bicycle having a frame 101a with a tail hook 101d (coupler), the frame connecting end of the base body 105a has a connection ring, and a bolt 101e passes through the The connecting ring is screwed into the screw hole of the tail hook 101d.

二、图6示出了另一种偏转枢接方案。连接杆110d枢接在滑块107a的下部，滑块107a的下部还设有向后伸出的拉簧座151，连接杆110d具有向后伸出的拉簧座153，拉簧152(或橡皮筋)的两端分别固定连接在拉簧座151、拉簧座153，拉簧152的簧力使连接杆110d顺时针偏转。2. Fig. 6 shows another deflection pivoting scheme. The connecting rod 110d is pivotally connected to the lower part of the slider 107a. The lower part of the slider 107a is further provided with a tension spring seat 151 extending backward. The connecting rod 110d has a tension spring seat 153, tension spring 152 (or rubber The two ends of the rib are fixedly connected to the tension spring seat 151 and the tension spring seat 153, respectively. The spring force of the tension spring 152 causes the connecting rod 110d to deflect clockwise.

三、图7示出了另一结构的致动部，偏拉弹簧108d的一端连接在设于导轨106外端的弹簧座，偏拉弹簧108d的另一端连接在滑块107；线管108a固定连接在导轨106的内端，拉线108b由导轨106的内端方向引入并连接在滑块107以和偏拉弹簧108d的偏拉力共同作用来致动滑块107。3. Fig. 7 shows the actuating part of another structure. One end of the bias spring 108d is connected to a spring seat provided on the outer end of the guide rail 106, and the other end of the bias spring 108d is connected to the slider 107. The wire tube 108a is fixedly connected. At the inner end of the guide rail 106, a pull wire 108b is introduced from the inner end direction of the guide rail 106 and is connected to the slider 107 to act together with the biasing force of the bias spring 108d to actuate the slider 107.

四、图8示出了一种导轨位于飞轮前下方的方案：相比图1所示方案，本方案可看成本体105a以飞轮103的轴线为圆心，逆时针旋转角度Σ使导轨位于飞轮103的前下方。明显的，导轨的设置需满足：链段102a与链段102b具有一定的高度差H以保证骑行时链条之间不会互相碰触。4. Fig. 8 shows a scheme in which the guide rail is located in front of and below the flywheel. Compared with the solution shown in Fig. 1, this solution can be seen in the cost body 105a with the axis of the flywheel 103 as the center, and the angle of rotation Σ counterclockwise makes the guide rail located in the flywheel 103. Under the front. Obviously, the setting of the guide rail needs to meet: the chain segment 102a and the chain segment 102b have a certain height difference H to ensure that the chains will not touch each other during riding.

五、图9示出了一种导轨位于飞轮前方的方案：导轨106外(端)低内(端)高的设于飞轮的前方。当导轮接通大链轮时，由于大链轮直径较大，牙盘至大链轮间的链段升至最高，因此在保证高度差H的前提下，允许导轮的轴线水平甚至高于飞轮的轴线，即导轨的内端位于飞轮的前方。注：由于本方案中导轮的轨迹与飞轮的轴线不在同一平面，“飞轮的外轮廓线”指最小链轮的分度圆和最大链轮的分度圆之间的连线在“与导轮的轨迹最接近的面”上的投影。这个“与导轮的轨迹最接近的面”是指从整体上来说与导轮的轨迹最接近的，且是飞轮的轴线所在的平面。这种情况下所说的导轨106基本平行于飞轮的外轮廓线，是指导轨106在“与导轮的轨迹最接近的面”的投影基本平行于飞轮的外轮廓线。V. FIG. 9 shows a scheme in which the guide rail is located in front of the flywheel: the guide rail 106 is provided outside (end) low inside (end) high in front of the flywheel. When the guide wheel is connected to the large sprocket, the diameter of the large sprocket is large, and the chain segment from the chainring to the large sprocket is raised to the highest level. Therefore, the axis level of the guide wheel is even higher under the premise of ensuring the height difference H. The axis of the flywheel, that is, the inner end of the guide rail is located in front of the flywheel. Note: Because the trajectory of the guide wheel and the axis of the flywheel are not in the same plane in this solution, the “outline of the flywheel” refers to the connection between the graduation circle of the smallest sprocket and the graduation circle of the largest sprocket. The closest track of the wheel's trajectory ". This "face closest to the track of the guide wheel" refers to the plane closest to the track of the guide wheel as a whole and the axis of the flywheel. In this case, the guide rail 106 is substantially parallel to the outer contour of the flywheel, which means that the projection of the guide rail 106 on the "surface closest to the track of the guide wheel" is substantially parallel to the outer contour of the flywheel.

六、线管座也可设置在导轨的外端、或设置在车架邻近导轨外端的位置。其技术效果与线管座设于基座的端部相似。6. The wire socket can also be set on the outer end of the guide rail, or on the frame near the outer end of the guide rail. Its technical effect is similar to that of the end of the tube seat provided on the base.

七、图10、图11示出了另一种移动部连接导链部的方案：滑块160具有向后至向下范围伸出的短臂161，优选短臂161向后伸出，在短臂161的端部设有枢轴162，枢轴162***导轮168的中心孔，二者为间隙配合，枢轴162的端部设有防脱的卡环。短臂161的端部设有连接座170，连接座170具有轴孔。连接体a为连接杆166，连接杆166的上部设有偏转弹 簧座163，偏转弹簧165设于偏转弹簧座163的环状凹槽内，在偏转弹簧座163的中心设有枢轴171，枢轴171间隙配合的***连接座170的轴孔内，在枢轴171的端部设有防脱的卡环。偏转弹簧165的一端固定连接在偏转弹簧座163内，另一端固定连接在连接座170。连接杆166的下部设有枢轴167，枢轴167***张紧轮169的中心孔，二者为间隙配合，枢轴167的端部设有防脱的卡环。和图1至图4示出的方案相比。本案主要的区别是导轮的安装位置由原方案位于滑块的外周的轴承座，改为安装在滑块向后伸出的短臂的端部。此外，导轮与张紧轮的安装由原案的轴承连接改为间隙配合的轴/孔连接(均为现有技术中导轮常见的连接方案)。7. Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 show another scheme for connecting the moving part to the guide part: the slider 160 has a short arm 161 extending from the rear to the downward range, preferably the short arm 161 extends rearward. The end of the arm 161 is provided with a pivot shaft 162, and the pivot shaft 162 is inserted into the center hole of the guide wheel 168. The two are clearance fits. The end of the pivot shaft 162 is provided with an anti-detachment snap ring. A connecting base 170 is provided at an end of the short arm 161, and the connecting base 170 has a shaft hole. The connecting body a is a connecting rod 166. The upper portion of the connecting rod 166 is provided with a deflection spring seat 163. The deflection spring 165 is provided in an annular groove of the deflection spring seat 163. A pivot 171 is provided at the center of the deflection spring seat 163. The shaft 171 is inserted into the shaft hole of the connection base 170 with a clearance fit, and an end of the pivot shaft 171 is provided with a retaining ring to prevent it from falling off. One end of the deflection spring 165 is fixedly connected to the deflection spring seat 163, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connection seat 170. The lower part of the connecting rod 166 is provided with a pivot shaft 167, which is inserted into the center hole of the tensioning wheel 169. The two are clearance fits, and an end of the pivot shaft 167 is provided with an anti-detachment snap ring. Compared with the scheme shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. The main difference in this case is that the installation position of the guide wheel is changed from the original bearing seat on the outer periphery of the slider to the end of the short arm protruding backward from the slider. In addition, the installation of the guide wheel and the tensioner is changed from the original bearing connection to a clearance-fit shaft / hole connection (both are common connection solutions for guide wheels in the prior art).

注：本例所示的常见连接方式或结构，例如拉线与拉线座的固定连接，线管与线管座的固定连接，偏转弹簧与弹簧座和滑块的固定连接等，均为现有技术常见。同样的，这些连接方式也能应用本发明其他实施例，由于这些常见结构或连接方式非本发明的创造点所在，为节约篇幅，在下文中对此类常见的连接方式或结构不再详述。Note: The common connection methods or structures shown in this example, such as the fixed connection of the wire and the wire seat, the fixed connection of the wire pipe and the wire base, the fixed connection of the deflection spring, the spring seat and the slider, etc. are all existing technologies common. Similarly, these connection methods can also be applied to other embodiments of the present invention. Since these common structures or connection methods are not the creation point of the present invention, in order to save space, such common connection methods or structures are not described in detail below.

实施例2Example 2

本例与实施例1的区别是，基座和导链部不同。This example differs from Example 1 in that the base and the chain guide portion are different.

一个优选的实施例如图12至图13所示：在飞轮203前方的车架201设有连接座201a。为了能前后调节基座的安装位置，连接座201a设有贯通槽。基座包括本体。本体构造为大致的“T”型，其上部为车架连接端205a，车架连接端205a具有2个螺钉孔，2枚螺钉205b分别贯穿基座本体和连接座201的贯通槽，旋紧在位于连接座201a另一侧的螺母上。导轨206a的外端与本体的导轨连接端为一体制造(或固定连接)。导轨206位于飞轮203的前方至下方范围，本例以导轨206a基本为水平并位于飞轮203的4点钟方向为例进行说明。由于导轨206a位于飞轮203的前方，将基座设于飞轮203前方的车架201，使基座具有结构紧凑、强度高的优点。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 13: The frame 201 in front of the flywheel 203 is provided with a connecting seat 201a. In order to adjust the mounting position of the base back and forth, the connecting base 201a is provided with a through groove. The base includes a body. The structure of the body is roughly a "T" shape. The upper part is a frame connection end 205a. The frame connection end 205a has two screw holes, and two screws 205b penetrate the through grooves of the base body and the connection seat 201, respectively. It is located on the nut on the other side of the connection seat 201a. The outer end of the guide rail 206a is integrally manufactured (or fixedly connected) with the rail connection end of the body. The guide rail 206 is located in a range from front to the lower side of the flywheel 203. In this example, the guide rail 206a is substantially horizontal and is located in the 4 o'clock direction of the flywheel 203 as an example. Since the guide rail 206a is located in front of the flywheel 203, and the base is provided in the frame 201 in front of the flywheel 203, the base has the advantages of compact structure and high strength.

导链部类似现有技术中的后拨腿：连接体b为2块平行的拨腿板(209c；209e)组成的箱体，(连接体b也可优选为细长的实体如杆状或管状)。轴承209b过盈的套装在枢轴209d的中部，导轮209a(导轮b)过盈的套装在轴承209b。拨腿板(209c；209e)的上部设有安装孔，枢轴209d的两端分别过盈的***拨腿板209c和拨腿板209e上部的安装孔内。轴承210b过盈的套装在枢轴210c的中部，张紧轮210a(张紧轮b)过盈的套装在轴承210b。在拨腿板209c和拨腿板209e的下部具有安装孔，枢轴210c的两端分别过盈的***拨腿板209c和拨腿板209e下部的安装孔内。The chain guide is similar to the rear shifter in the prior art: the connection body b is a box composed of two parallel shifter plates (209c; 209e), (the connection body b may also be preferably an elongated entity such as a rod or Tubular). The bearing 209b is sleeved in the middle of the pivot 209d, and the guide wheel 209a (the guide wheel b) is sleeved in the bearing 209b. The upper part of the leg plate (209c; 209e) is provided with a mounting hole, and the two ends of the pivot shaft 209d are inserted into the mounting holes in the upper part of the leg plate 209c and the upper part of the leg plate 209e. The bearing 210b is sleeved in the middle of the pivot 210c, and the tensioning wheel 210a (tensioning wheel b) is sleeved in the bearing 210b. Mounting holes are provided in the lower portions of the leg shifting plate 209c and the leg shifting plate 209e, and both ends of the pivot shaft 210c are inserted into the mounting holes in the lower portion of the leg shifting plate 209c and the shifting plate 209e.

移动部包括滑块207a，滑块207a具有连接臂207b，连接臂207b设置在滑块207a的后方至下方范围，优选连接臂207b设置在滑块207a的后方。连接臂207b的后端设有偏转弹簧座207c，偏转弹簧座207c具有环状的凹槽。偏转弹簧210d内置在偏转弹簧座207c的凹槽中，偏转弹簧210d的一端固定连接在偏转弹簧座207c、另一端固定连接在拨腿板209c；P轴207d一端具有环状的凸缘，P轴207d的另一端间隙配合的贯穿偏转弹簧座207c的中心孔和拨腿板209c上部的孔，P轴207d凸出拨腿板209c的内侧的端部设有防止松脱的卡环207e。链条依次啮合在中盘的上部、飞轮203、导轮309a、张紧轮210a、再回到中盘的下部。The moving part includes a slider 207a. The slider 207a has a connecting arm 207b. The connecting arm 207b is provided in a range from the rear to the lower side of the slider 207a. The connecting arm 207b is preferably provided behind the slider 207a. The rear end of the connecting arm 207b is provided with a deflection spring seat 207c, and the deflection spring seat 207c has an annular groove. The deflection spring 210d is built into the groove of the deflection spring seat 207c. One end of the deflection spring 210d is fixedly connected to the deflection spring seat 207c and the other end is fixedly connected to the leg plate 209c. The P-axis 207d has an annular flange at one end and the P-axis. The other end of 207d fits through the central hole of the deflection spring seat 207c and the hole in the upper part of the leg plate 209c. The end of the P shaft 207d protruding from the inner side of the leg plate 209c is provided with a retaining ring 207e to prevent loosening. The chain meshes with the upper part of the middle plate, the flywheel 203, the guide wheel 309a, the tensioner 210a, and then the lower part of the middle plate in order.

图14还示出了连接体b的另一种优选方案：连接体b包括管状拨腿220，枢轴221过盈的贯穿在管状拨腿220上部的枢轴孔222中，导轮230间隙配合的套在枢轴221位于管状拨腿220内部的部分。枢轴223过盈的贯穿在管状拨腿下部的枢轴孔225中，张紧轮231间隙配合的套在枢轴223位于管状拨腿220内部的部分。管状拨腿220的上部管口朝向链条的移出方向、下部管口220a朝向前方链条的移入方向。滑块(未示出)具有向后伸出的连接臂250，在连接臂250的端部设有枢轴251。枢轴251间隙配合的贯穿管状拨腿220上部的枢轴孔226中。卡环253卡在枢轴251的端部并紧贴管状拨腿220的内壁以防止枢轴251与管状拨腿220松脱。偏转弹簧252套在枢轴251的外部，偏转弹簧252的一端固定连接在连接臂250，偏转弹簧252的另一端固定连接在管状拨腿220。由于本方案中管状拨腿220将链条和 张紧轮、导轮均内置在其中，避免外界不良影响，因此具有较高的可靠性。FIG. 14 also shows another preferred solution of the connecting body b: the connecting body b includes a tubular shifting leg 220, and the pivot shaft 221 passes through the pivot hole 222 in the upper part of the tubular shifting leg 220 in an interference manner, and the guide wheel 230 is fitted with clearance. The sleeve is sleeved on a portion of the pivot shaft 221 located inside the tubular shifting leg 220. The pivot shaft 223 passes through the pivot hole 225 in the lower part of the tubular shifter in an interference manner, and the tensioning wheel 231 is sleeved on the part of the pivot shaft 223 located inside the tubular shifter 220. The upper nozzle of the tubular leg 220 faces the moving direction of the chain, and the lower nozzle 220a faces the moving direction of the forward chain. The slider (not shown) has a connecting arm 250 protruding rearward, and a pivot shaft 251 is provided at an end of the connecting arm 250. The pivot shaft 251 fits into the pivot hole 226 in the upper part of the tubular shifting leg 220 with a clearance fit. The snap ring 253 is clamped on the end of the pivot shaft 251 and is closely attached to the inner wall of the tubular shifting leg 220 to prevent the pivot shaft 251 and the tubular shifting leg 220 from coming loose. The deflection spring 252 is sleeved on the outside of the pivot shaft 251. One end of the deflection spring 252 is fixedly connected to the connecting arm 250, and the other end of the deflection spring 252 is fixedly connected to the tubular shifting leg 220. In this solution, the tubular leg 220 has a chain, a tensioning wheel, and a guide wheel built therein, so as to avoid bad influences from the outside, so it has high reliability.

实施例3Example 3

本例与实施例1的主要不同之处是，基座部与导轨的连接结构不同、导链部不同。The main difference between this example and Example 1 is that the connection structure of the base portion and the guide rail is different, and the chain guide portion is different.

一个优选的实施例如图15、图16所示：基座301的导轨连接端具有连接部301a，连接部301a为一端开口的管状。导轨306过盈的***连接部301a的内腔，螺杆301b贯穿连接部301a的螺孔301c并旋紧在导轨306的螺孔306a以紧固导轨306。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16: The rail connection end of the base 301 has a connection portion 301 a, and the connection portion 301 a is a tube with an open end. The guide rail 306 is inserted into the inner cavity of the connecting portion 301a in an interference manner, and the screw 301b penetrates the screw hole 301c of the connecting portion 301a and is screwed into the screw hole 306a of the guide rail 306 to fasten the guide rail 306.

连接体a为拨腿板(309c；309e)组成的箱体：枢轴309d为环状，枢轴309d过盈的***拨腿板309c和拨腿板309e上部的安装孔内。导轮309a(导轮a)间隙配合的套装在枢轴309d的中部。在拨腿板309c和拨腿板309e的下部具有安装孔，枢轴310c过盈连接在拨腿板309c和拨腿板309e下部的安装孔内。张紧轮310a(张紧轮a)间隙配合的套装在枢轴310c。滑块307b具有圆形的外周面。滑块307b间隙配合的***枢轴309d的内腔中。滑块307b的一端设有偏转弹簧座307a，偏转弹簧307d内置在偏转弹簧座307a的凹槽中，偏转弹簧307d的一端固定连接在偏转弹簧座307a、另一端固定连接在拨腿板309c。滑块307b凸出枢轴309d的一端设有卡环槽307c，卡环307e安装在卡环槽307c中。致动部的拉线固定连接在滑块307b的拉线座307f，线管固定连接在基座端部的线管座301d，偏压弹簧(未示出)套在连接部301a与滑块307b之间的导轨306上。链条依次啮合在中盘的上部、飞轮、导轮309a、张紧轮310a、再回到中盘的下部。The connecting body a is a box composed of a leg plate (309c; 309e): the pivot 309d is ring-shaped, and the pivot 309d is inserted into the mounting hole of the leg plate 309c and the upper portion of the leg plate 309e in an interference manner. A guide wheel 309a (guide wheel a) is fitted in a clearance fit at the middle of the pivot 309d. Mounting holes are provided in the lower portions of the leg plate 309c and the leg plate 309e, and the pivot 310c is interference-fitted into the mounting holes in the lower portion of the leg plate 309c and the leg plate 309e. The tensioning wheel 310a (tensioning wheel a) is fitted on the pivot shaft 310c with a clearance fit. The slider 307b has a circular outer peripheral surface. The slider 307b is inserted into the inner cavity of the pivot 309d with a clearance fit. A deflection spring seat 307a is provided at one end of the slider 307b, a deflection spring 307d is built in a groove of the deflection spring seat 307a, one end of the deflection spring 307d is fixedly connected to the deflection spring seat 307a, and the other end is fixedly connected to the leg plate 309c. An end of the slider 307b protruding from the pivot 309d is provided with a snap ring groove 307c, and the snap ring 307e is installed in the snap ring groove 307c. The pull wire of the actuating part is fixedly connected to the pull wire base 307f of the slider 307b, the wire tube is fixedly connected to the wire base 301d at the end of the base, and a bias spring (not shown) is sleeved between the connecting part 301a and the slider 307b. On the guide rail 306. The chain meshes with the upper part of the middle plate, the flywheel, the guide wheel 309a, the tensioner 310a, and then returns to the lower part of the middle plate.

实施例4Example 4

本例与实施例1的主要不同之处是，导轨、导链部不同。The main difference between this example and Example 1 is that the guide rail and the chain guide are different.

本实施例中导链部的工作原理在专利CN201310090329.7中已有详细说明，本发明与之主要的区别是，本发明以导轨替代了此专利中的“平行四边形连杆机构”。简述如下：如图17至图18所示：导轨406a位于飞轮403的前下方，导轨406a基本平行于飞轮403的轴线。导轮409a的轴线与飞轮403的轴线的距离为X，飞轮403的轴线与中盘的轴线的距离为W，6％W≤X≤16％W，优选6％W≤X≤10％W。The working principle of the chain guide part in this embodiment has been described in detail in the patent CN201310090329.7. The main difference between the present invention and the present invention is that the present invention replaces the "parallelogram link mechanism" in this patent with a guide rail. The brief description is as follows: As shown in FIGS. 17 to 18: the guide rail 406 a is located in front of and below the flywheel 403, and the guide rail 406 a is substantially parallel to the axis of the flywheel 403. The distance between the axis of the guide wheel 409a and the axis of the flywheel 403 is X, and the distance between the axis of the flywheel 403 and the axis of the center plate is W, 6% W≤X≤16% W, preferably 6% W≤X≤10% W.

移动部包括滑块407(滑块a)。滑块407的外周面407a为圆形。在滑块407的外端设有偏转弹簧座407b，偏转弹簧座407b具有环状的凹槽。偏转弹簧407c内置在此凹槽内。The moving part includes a slider 407 (slider a). The outer peripheral surface 407a of the slider 407 is circular. A deflection spring seat 407b is provided at the outer end of the slider 407, and the deflection spring seat 407b has an annular groove. A deflection spring 407c is built in this groove.

导链部包括支架411。支架411具有短臂411a(短臂a)和短臂411b(短臂b)。导轮409a(导轮c)以轴承支承在短臂411a的端部。张紧轮411a(张紧轮c)以轴承支承在短臂411b的端部。在短臂411a与短臂411b的连接处具有与滑块407的外周面407a为间隙配合的轴孔411c。导轮409a至轴孔411c的轴线的距离为Z，张紧轮411a至轴孔411c的轴线的距离为Y，其中，1.3Z≤Y≤2.5Z，优选1.8Z≤Y≤2.0Z。导轮409a的轴线与轴孔411c的轴线所在的平面，与张紧轮411a与轴孔411c的轴线所在的平面的夹角为α，其中：50°≤α≤85°，优选55°≤α≤60°。The chain guide portion includes a bracket 411. The bracket 411 has a short arm 411a (short arm a) and a short arm 411b (short arm b). A guide wheel 409a (guide wheel c) is supported at the end of the short arm 411a with a bearing. A tensioning wheel 411a (tensioning wheel c) is supported at the end of the short arm 411b with a bearing. At the joint between the short arm 411a and the short arm 411b, there is a shaft hole 411c that is fitted to the outer peripheral surface 407a of the slider 407 with a clearance. The distance between the guide wheel 409a and the axis of the shaft hole 411c is Z, and the distance between the tension wheel 411a and the axis of the shaft hole 411c is Y, where 1.3Z≤Y≤2.5Z, preferably 1.8Z≤Y≤2.0Z. The angle between the plane of the axis of the guide wheel 409a and the axis of the shaft hole 411c, and the plane of the axis of the tension wheel 411a and the axis of the shaft hole 411c are α, where: 50 ° ≤α≤85 °, preferably 55 ° ≤α ≤60 °.

滑块407贯穿轴孔411c，螺母407d旋紧在滑块407内端的螺纹407e以防止滑块407松脱，偏转弹簧407c的一端连接在偏转弹簧座407b，另一端连接在支架411，如此就使得滑块407与支架411偏转的枢接。由于不同档位时链条402的工作段的长度不同，偏转弹簧407c与链条402的张力共同作用使支架411相对滑块407转动以适应不同的档位。The slider 407 penetrates the shaft hole 411c, and the nut 407d is screwed on the thread 407e on the inner end of the slider 407 to prevent the slider 407 from loosening. One end of the deflection spring 407c is connected to the deflection spring seat 407b and the other end is connected to the bracket 411. The slider 407 is pivoted to the bracket 411 for deflection. Since the length of the working section of the chain 402 is different at different gear positions, the tension of the deflection spring 407c and the chain 402 together makes the bracket 411 rotate relative to the slider 407 to adapt to different gear positions.

变速时，致动部驱动滑块407沿导轨406a横向位移，带动支架411同步位移，支架411绕滑块外周面407a枢转，使导轮409a带动链条402从飞轮403的初始档位转换至飞轮403的目标档位。During shifting, the actuator drives the slider 407 to move laterally along the guide rail 406a, which synchronously moves the bracket 411. The bracket 411 pivots around the outer surface of the slider 407a, so that the guide wheel 409a drives the chain 402 from the initial position of the flywheel 403 to the flywheel 403 target gear.

另一个优选的方案如图19所示：短臂407i可设于滑块407h的后方至下方范围，优选短臂407i位于滑块407h的后方。短臂407i的端部具有偏转弹簧座407j。支架411i偏转的枢接在偏转弹簧座407j。Another preferred solution is shown in FIG. 19: the short arm 407i may be provided in a range from the rear to the lower side of the slider 407h, and preferably the short arm 407i is located behind the slider 407h. The end of the short arm 407i has a deflection spring seat 407j. The bracket 411i is pivoted to the deflection spring seat 407j.

实施例5Example 5

本例与实施例1的主要不同之处是，基座不同。The main difference between this example and Example 1 is that the base is different.

一个优选的实施例如图20所示，基座包括保护罩51，保护罩51为盒状，保护罩51罩在飞轮的外部，保护罩51朝向链条的移入和移出方向分别设有链条入口51a和链条出口51b。车架52尾部的斜叉和平叉各有1个螺栓座52a，2枚螺栓52b分别贯穿螺栓座52a的孔旋紧在保护罩51右壁的螺孔中。如此就使保护罩51固定连接在车架52。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 20, the base includes a protective cover 51, the protective cover 51 is box-shaped, the protective cover 51 is covered on the outside of the flywheel, and the protective cover 51 is provided with a chain inlet 51a and a chain moving direction toward the chain, respectively. Chain exit 51b. The diagonal fork and the flat fork at the rear of the frame 52 each have a bolt seat 52a, and two bolts 52b are respectively penetrated through the holes of the bolt seat 52a and screwed into the screw holes on the right wall of the protective cover 51. In this way, the protective cover 51 is fixedly connected to the frame 52.

导轨55g的一端具有连接座55a，连接座55a设有2个螺孔，2枚螺钉55b穿过保护罩51上的贯通孔51c旋紧在连接座55a的螺孔中。导轨55g的另一端的端面具有螺孔，螺钉51h贯穿保护罩51另一侧的贯通孔51g并旋紧在导轨55g端面的螺孔中，这样就使导轨55能拆装的固定连接在保护罩51的内部。滑块55d能往复滑动的套在导轨55g。致动部的构造如下：拉线53a穿过保护罩51上的贯通孔51d，拉线53a的端部贯穿导轨55g端部附近的贯通孔51d并固定连接在滑块55d的拉线座55e。线管53b的端部设有外螺纹以旋紧在贯通孔51d的线管座内。单向力机构包括：弹簧座53d为管状(为便于观察其内部的情况，图中弹簧座53d沿纵向被剖开)，弹簧座53d分别以4枚螺钉51j旋紧在罩壁上的4个螺孔51k中将弹簧座53d固定连接在保护罩51，弹簧53c放置在弹簧座53d内，图中弹簧53c的左端固定连接在弹簧座53d的左端，右端能在弹簧座53d内自由伸缩。连接线53e的一端固定连接在弹簧53c的活动端(右端)，连接线53e贯穿导轨55g另一端部附近的贯通孔51f，连接线53e的另一端固定连接在滑块55d的拉线座55f。One end of the guide rail 55g is provided with a connection base 55a. The connection base 55a is provided with two screw holes. Two screws 55b are screwed into the screw holes of the connection base 55a through the through hole 51c on the protective cover 51. The other end of the guide rail 55g has a screw hole, and the screw 51h passes through the through hole 51g on the other side of the protective cover 51 and is screwed into the screw hole on the end surface of the guide 55g, so that the guide rail 55 can be fixedly attached to the protective cover. 51 inside. The slider 55d can be reciprocally slid on the guide rail 55g. The structure of the actuating part is as follows: the pull wire 53a passes through the through hole 51d in the protective cover 51, the end of the pull wire 53a passes through the through hole 51d near the end of the guide rail 55g and is fixedly connected to the pull wire seat 55e of the slider 55d. An end of the bobbin 53b is provided with an external thread to be screwed into the bobbin holder of the through hole 51d. The unidirectional force mechanism includes: the spring seat 53d is tubular (to facilitate the observation of the internal situation, the spring seat 53d is cut in the longitudinal direction in the figure), and the spring seat 53d is fastened to the cover wall with 4 screws 51j respectively. The spring seat 53d is fixedly connected to the protective cover 51 in the screw hole 51k, and the spring 53c is placed in the spring seat 53d. The left end of the spring 53c is fixedly connected to the left end of the spring seat 53d in the figure, and the right end can freely expand and contract in the spring seat 53d. One end of the connecting wire 53e is fixedly connected to the movable end (right end) of the spring 53c, the connecting wire 53e passes through the through hole 51f near the other end of the guide rail 55g, and the other end of the connecting wire 53e is fixedly connected to the pull wire seat 55f of the slider 55d.

变速时，骑行者通过控制机构如变速手柄拉动或放松拉线53a，滑块55d在拉线53a与单向力机构的共同作用下沿导轨55位移，从而带动导链部实现换挡。During shifting, the rider pulls or relaxes the pull wire 53a through a control mechanism such as a shift handle, and the slider 55d is displaced along the guide rail 55 under the cooperation of the pull wire 53a and the one-way force mechanism, thereby driving the chain guide part to realize shifting.

前述单向力机构还包括多种衍生方案：用橡筋替代拉簧。或弹性件包括压簧，压簧右端固定连接在弹簧座53d内，左端可以在弹簧座53d内往复滑动，连接线53e穿过压簧并固定连接在压簧的左端。或弹性件包括1对磁块，磁块均内置在弹簧座53d内，其中一个固定在弹簧座53d的左端，另一个可在弹簧座53d内往复滑动，连接线53e固定连接在活动的磁块，这对磁块的异极相对以产生磁吸力。The aforementioned unidirectional force mechanism also includes a variety of derivative schemes: replacing the tension spring with an elastic band. Or the elastic member includes a compression spring. The right end of the compression spring is fixedly connected in the spring seat 53d, and the left end can slide back and forth in the spring seat 53d. The connecting wire 53e passes through the compression spring and is fixedly connected to the left end of the compression spring. Or the elastic member includes a pair of magnetic blocks, all of which are built in the spring seat 53d, one of which is fixed at the left end of the spring seat 53d, and the other can slide back and forth in the spring seat 53d, and the connecting wire 53e is fixedly connected to the movable magnetic block The opposite poles of the pair of magnetic blocks oppose each other to generate magnetic attraction.

图21示出了另一类致动部：4枚螺钉56e分别旋紧在4个螺孔51m中将液压缸体56a固定连接在保护罩51，液压管56c连接在缸体56a的后端，活塞56b位于缸体56a的前端，拉线56d的一端固定连接在活塞56b的端部，拉线56d的另一端贯穿线孔51d固定连接在滑块55d上的拉线座55e。图30还示出了保护罩与车架的另一种固定连接方式。2个卡子52c分别卡在车架52尾部的斜叉和平叉处，螺钉52d穿过卡子52c两端的孔再旋紧在保护罩的螺孔51i中，这样就将保护罩固定连接在车架52的尾部。变速时，控制装置通过液压管56c向缸体56a注入或抽出液压油，从而带动活塞56b伸出或缩入缸体56a，活塞56b拉紧或放松拉线56d，使得滑块55d在拉线56d与单向力机构53的共同作用下沿导轨55g往复位移，以致动导链部带动链条换挡。FIG. 21 shows another type of actuating part: 4 screws 56e are screwed into 4 screw holes 51m to fix the hydraulic cylinder block 56a to the protective cover 51, and the hydraulic pipe 56c is connected to the rear end of the cylinder block 56a. The piston 56b is located at the front end of the cylinder 56a, one end of the pull wire 56d is fixedly connected to the end of the piston 56b, and the other end of the pull wire 56d penetrates the wire hole 51d and is fixedly connected to the pull wire seat 55e on the slider 55d. FIG. 30 also shows another fixed connection manner between the protective cover and the vehicle frame. The two clips 52c are respectively clamped at the diagonal forks and flat forks at the rear of the frame 52. The screws 52d pass through the holes at the ends of the clip 52c and are screwed into the screw holes 51i of the protective cover, so that the protective cover is fixedly connected to the frame 52. The tail. During gear shifting, the control device injects or extracts hydraulic oil into the cylinder block 56a through the hydraulic pipe 56c, thereby driving the piston 56b to extend or retract into the cylinder block 56a. The piston 56b tightens or loosens the pull wire 56d, so that the slider 55d is in the pull wire 56d and the The reciprocating displacement along the guide rail 55g under the common action of the force mechanism 53 actuates the chain guide to drive the chain to shift gears.

图22示出了以电机57a驱动的绕线轴57b作为动力源替代图29方案中的人力或图30方案中的液力机构来卷扬拉线57c的方案：绕线轴57b同轴的固定连接在电机57a的输出轴。拉线57c的一端缠绕并固定在绕线轴57b，拉线57c的另一端贯穿罩壁上的拉线孔51d，拉线51d的另一端固定连接在滑块。螺钉57d旋紧在罩壁的螺孔57e中以将电机57a固定连接在保护罩51。变速时，电机57a带动绕线轴57b转动，从而拉入或放出缠绕在绕线轴57b上的拉线51d，使滑块在单向力机构(未示出，参见图29或图30)与拉线的共同作用下沿导轨位移。保护罩51设有从保护罩51的前沿贯通至轮轴孔51q的贯通槽51p，这样就在不拆卸飞轮的情况下由后至前的将保护罩51***就位。FIG. 22 shows a scheme in which the winding shaft 57b driven by the motor 57a is used as a power source instead of the human power in the solution in FIG. 29 or the hydraulic mechanism in the solution in FIG. 30 to lift the cable 57c: the winding shaft 57b is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor 57a output shaft. One end of the pull wire 57c is wound and fixed to the winding shaft 57b, the other end of the pull wire 57c penetrates the pull hole 51d on the cover wall, and the other end of the pull wire 51d is fixedly connected to the slider. The screw 57d is screwed into the screw hole 57e of the cover wall to fixedly connect the motor 57a to the protective cover 51. During gear shifting, the motor 57a drives the winding shaft 57b to rotate, so as to pull in or release the pulling wire 51d wound on the winding shaft 57b, so that the slider is in common with the one-way force mechanism (not shown, see Fig. 29 or Fig. 30) and the drawing wire. Displace along the guide rail under action. The protective cover 51 is provided with a through groove 51p penetrating from the leading edge of the protective cover 51 to the axle hole 51q, so that the protective cover 51 can be inserted into place from rear to front without disassembling the flywheel.

注：1.由于电机与滑块以拉线“软”连接，因此图22方案还可将电机改为以螺栓固定连接在车架。2.对于图20和图21示出的这类硬尾车架，保护罩还可采用焊接、铆接等方式与车架固定连接。此外，保护罩还可采用与车架为一体制造的方案。例如车架与保护罩采用碳纤维一体成型技术制造。Note: 1. Because the motor and the slider are connected "softly" with a pull cable, the solution in Figure 22 can also be used to bolt the motor to the frame. 2. For the hard-tailed frames shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, the protective cover can also be fixedly connected to the frame by means of welding, riveting, etc. In addition, the protective cover can also be manufactured in one piece with the frame. For example, the frame and the protective cover are manufactured using carbon fiber integrated molding technology.

对于具有后避震功能的软尾车架，保护罩具有不同的连接方案：For soft tail frames with rear suspension, the protective cover has different connection schemes:

一个优选的实施例如图23所示，连杆58g的后部具有轴孔，连杆58h的后部具有轴孔，一个管状的枢轴58d贯穿连杆58g和连杆58h后部的轴孔将二者枢接在一起组成了后避震车架的后部。轮轴(未示出)贯穿管状枢轴58d、轮轴孔51q将飞轮(位于保护罩51内)和车轮(未示出)连接在车架的后部。由于后避震车架在工作时，连杆58g和连杆58h绕枢轴58d相对转动，因此保护罩51仅与连杆58g固定连接：2个卡子52c卡装在连杆58g，螺钉52d贯穿卡子52c的孔旋紧在保护罩51的罩壁的螺孔51i中。由于连杆58g和飞轮的相对方位不变，因此变速器能不受车架避震动作的干扰而保持正常工作。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 23, the rear part of the connecting rod 58g has a shaft hole, the rear part of the connecting rod 58h has a shaft hole, and a tubular pivot 58d penetrates through the connecting rod 58g and the shaft hole at the rear of the connecting rod 58h. The two are pivoted together to form the rear of the rear suspension frame. An axle (not shown) passes through the tubular pivot shaft 58d and the axle hole 51q connects the flywheel (located in the protective cover 51) and the wheel (not shown) to the rear of the frame. Since the rear suspension frame is working, the connecting rod 58g and the connecting rod 58h rotate relative to the pivot 58d, so the protective cover 51 is only fixedly connected to the connecting rod 58g: 2 clips 52c are fixed on the connecting rod 58g, and the screws 52d pass through The hole of the clip 52c is screwed into the screw hole 51i of the cover wall of the protective cover 51. Because the relative orientation of the connecting rod 58g and the flywheel does not change, the transmission can maintain normal operation without being disturbed by the suspension action of the frame.

对于另一类后避震车架，一个优选的实施例如图24所示，连杆58a和连杆58b的后部以枢轴58c枢接在一起。轮轴孔58i设置在连杆58a，因而在避震车架工作时，飞轮相对连杆58a的方位不变。连杆58a设有2个连接座58e，2枚螺钉52d分别贯穿连接座58e的孔旋紧在保护罩51的螺孔51i中。由于连杆58a和飞轮的相对方位不变，因此变速器能不受车架避震动作的干扰而保持正常工作。在保护罩51的两侧壁分别设有凸出的安装座51x，安装座51x设有与导轨55g为过盈配合的孔51y，导轨55g贯穿孔51y中，导轨55g的一端设有膨大的端帽55x，安装座51x还设有固定螺钉51z，当导轨55g***就位后，固定螺钉51z贯穿安装座51x和导轨55g将二者能拆卸的固定连接。For another type of rear suspension frame, a preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 24, and the rear portions of the connecting rod 58a and the connecting rod 58b are pivotally connected together by a pivot shaft 58c. The axle hole 58i is provided in the link 58a. Therefore, when the suspension frame is in operation, the orientation of the flywheel relative to the link 58a does not change. The connecting rod 58 a is provided with two connection bases 58 e, and two screws 52 d are respectively penetrated through the holes of the connection base 58 e and screwed into the screw holes 51 i of the protective cover 51. Since the relative orientation of the connecting rod 58a and the flywheel is not changed, the transmission can maintain normal operation without being disturbed by the suspension action of the frame. On both side walls of the protective cover 51, protruding mounting seats 51x are respectively provided, and the mounting seat 51x is provided with a hole 51y for interference fit with the guide rail 55g. The guide rail 55g penetrates the hole 51y. One end of the guide rail 55g is provided with an enlarged end. The cap 55x and the mounting base 51x are also provided with fixing screws 51z. After the guide rail 55g is inserted in place, the fixing screw 51z penetrates the mounting base 51x and the guide rail 55g and can be detachably fixedly connected.

将导轨能拆卸的固定连接在保护罩还包括多种方案，例如：1.在保护罩的两侧壁分别设有与导轨为过盈配合的孔，导轨贯穿的***该孔中，导轨的一端具有(与图20所示的连接座55相似的)连接座，该连接座以螺钉与保护罩固定连接。2.保护罩内壁的两侧相应位置分别设有第一卡座，导轨的两端分别设有第二卡座，第一卡座与第二卡座构造为能拆卸的卡合在一起，即导轨的两端分别能拆卸的卡合在保护罩的内壁。等等The guide rail can be detachably and fixedly connected to the protective cover also includes various solutions, for example: 1. Two side walls of the protective cover are respectively provided with holes for interference fit with the guide rail, the guide rail is inserted through the hole, and one end of the guide rail There is a connection base (similar to the connection base 55 shown in FIG. 20), which is fixedly connected to the protective cover by screws. 2. There are first card holders at the corresponding positions on both sides of the inner wall of the protective cover, and second card holders are provided at both ends of the guide rail. The first card holder and the second card holder are configured to be detachably engaged together, that is, The two ends of the guide rail can be detachably engaged with the inner wall of the protective cover. and many more

综上可知，在其他结构的软尾车架安装保护罩，均需遵循上述示例揭示的原则：将保护罩固定连接到在避震动作时与飞轮相对方位不变的杆件。To sum up, the installation of the protective cover on the soft tail frame of other structures must follow the principle disclosed in the above example: the protective cover is fixedly connected to the rod with the same orientation relative to the flywheel during the suspension action.

实施例6Example 6

本例与实施例1的主要不同之处是，导轨与移动部不同。The main difference between this example and Embodiment 1 is that the guide rail is different from the moving part.

理论上本发明允许多条相互平行的导轨，但从强度、制造的难易等方面考虑，导轨超过5条就太不实用，1或2条为最优。一个优选的实施例如图25所示：2条相互平行的、截面为任意形状、优选为圆形的导轨(606a；606b)。滑块607具有与导轨(606a；606b)数目相同(2个)、位置相应、截面形状相应、间隙配合的贯通孔(607a；607b)。导轨(606a；606b)分别***在滑块607的贯通孔(607a；607b)内。Theoretically, the present invention allows a plurality of guide rails which are parallel to each other, but from the aspects of strength, ease of manufacture, etc., it is not practical to have more than 5 guide rails, and 1 or 2 is optimal. A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 25: two guide rails (606a; 606b) which are parallel to each other and have an arbitrary cross-section, preferably a circular shape. The slider 607 has the same number (2) as the number of the guide rails (606a; 606b), corresponding positions, corresponding cross-sectional shapes, and clearance-fitting through holes (607a; 607b). The guide rails (606a; 606b) are inserted into the through holes (607a; 607b) of the slider 607, respectively.

一个优选的实施例如图26所示：本发明包括2条相互平行的、截面为任意形状、优选为矩形的导轨(605a；605b)，以及滑块601(滑块b)。滑块601具有与导轨(605a；605b)位置相应、且为间隙配合的2个贯通槽(602；603)。导轨(605a；605b)分别***滑块601的贯通槽(602；603)内。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 26: The present invention includes two mutually parallel guide rails (605a; 605b) with arbitrary shapes, preferably rectangular cross sections, and a slider 601 (slider b). The slider 601 has two through grooves (602; 603) that correspond to the positions of the guide rails (605a; 605b) and are fitted with clearance. The guide rails (605a; 605b) are inserted into the through grooves (602; 603) of the slider 601, respectively.

注：3至5条导轨的原理与前述方案相同，技术人员以此类推，本说明不再详述。Note: The principle of 3 to 5 guide rails is the same as the previous solution, and the technicians will do the same, and this description will not be described in detail.

实施例7Example 7

本例与实施例1的主要不同之处是，移动部不同。The main difference between this example and the first embodiment is that the moving part is different.

一个优选的实施例如图27所示：移动部包括滑车710(滑车a)。滑车710由三角形的上下箱板(710a；710b)组成。在滑车710内部的3个顶点处各设有1个滚轴711(滚轴机构a)，导轨715***滚轴711之间。滚轴711的中部具有凸缘712，导轨715的横截面大致为两侧具有凹槽716的矩形，凸缘712与凹槽716的内侧面密贴。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 27: the moving part includes a pulley 710 (pulley a). The pulley 710 is composed of triangular upper and lower box plates (710a; 710b). One roller 711 (roller mechanism a) is provided at each of the three vertices inside the pulley 710, and the guide rail 715 is inserted between the rollers 711. The roller 711 has a flange 712 in the middle, the cross section of the guide rail 715 is a rectangle with grooves 716 on both sides, and the flange 712 and the inner side of the groove 716 are closely attached.

另一个优选的实施例如图28所示：导轨701具有矩形的横截面。移动部包括滑车a，滑车a由上、下箱板(702；703)组成：4根枢轴705分别过盈的贯穿上、下箱板(702；703)的四角。4个滚轮706(滚轮机构a)分别安装在枢轴705。导轨701***滚轮706之间，滚轮706的外周面与导轨701密贴在一起，且每个滚轮706在其上下端部均具有凸缘707限定相对导轨706的轴向旷动。Another preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 28: the guide rail 701 has a rectangular cross section. The moving part includes a pulley a, which is composed of upper and lower box plates (702; 703): 4 pivot shafts 705 penetrate through the four corners of the upper and lower box plates (702; 703), respectively. Four rollers 706 (roller mechanism a) are mounted on the pivot 705, respectively. The guide rails 701 are inserted between the rollers 706. The outer peripheral surface of the rollers 706 is closely adhered to the guide rails 701, and each of the rollers 706 has flanges 707 at the upper and lower ends thereof to limit the axial movement relative to the guide rails 706.

除了前述方案外，还可使导轨截面为中心对称图形，滚轮(轴)组的构造与之相应。例如导轨截面为等边三角形，至少6个滚轮机构成了具有三角形截面的滚轮机构a，在导轨的每一个面上都有至少2个滚轮与之密贴。In addition to the aforementioned solutions, the cross section of the guide rail can be a center-symmetrical figure, and the structure of the roller (axis) group corresponds to it. For example, the cross section of the guide rail is an equilateral triangle, and at least six roller mechanisms have become a roller mechanism a having a triangular cross section. At least two rollers are closely attached to each surface of the guide rail.

除前述方案外，本例还包括2至10条导轨的方案。即在滑车b根据导轨的数目设置相应组数的滚轮机构b或滚轴机构b。其结构原理与上述1条导轨的滑车相同。In addition to the previous solution, this example also includes a solution of 2 to 10 rails. That is, a corresponding number of roller mechanism b or roller mechanism b is provided on the pulley b according to the number of the guide rails. Its structural principle is the same as that of the above one guide rail.

实施例8Example 8

本例与实施例1的主要不同之处是，致动部不同。The main difference between this example and Embodiment 1 is that the actuating portion is different.

一个优选的实施例如图29所示，致动部包括旋转电机808a、齿轮808b、齿条808c。滑块807的下部设有连接板807a，旋转电机808a以螺钉固定连接在连接板807a的下方，旋转电机808a的输出轴穿过连接板807a的孔，齿轮808b固定连接在旋转电机808a输出轴的端部，齿条808c与导轨806为一体制造或固定连接(焊接、螺钉连接等)在导轨806，滑块807具有与导轨806截面形状相应、间隙配合的贯通槽，齿条808c经贯通槽的开口凸出滑块807的表面。齿轮808b齿条808c常啮合在一起。变速时，自行车的控制***(未示出)向旋转电机808a输出电流，以驱动齿轮808b相对齿条808c旋转，带动滑块807相对导轨806位移，滑块807的位置被沿导轨806布置的控制***(非本发明内容，下同)的位置传感器感知并反馈给骑行者。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 29. The actuating part includes a rotating electric machine 808a, a gear 808b, and a rack 808c. The lower part of the slider 807 is provided with a connecting plate 807a. The rotary electric machine 808a is fixedly connected below the connecting plate 807a by screws. The output shaft of the rotary electric machine 808a passes through the hole of the connecting plate 807a. The gear 808b is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary electric machine 808a. At the end, the rack 808c and the guide rail 806 are integrally manufactured or fixedly connected (welded, screwed, etc.). On the guide rail 806, the slider 807 has a through groove corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail 806 with a clearance fit. The rack 808c passes through the through groove. The opening protrudes from the surface of the slider 807. Gears 808b and racks 808c are often meshed together. When shifting, the bicycle's control system (not shown) outputs current to the rotating motor 808a to drive the gear 808b to rotate relative to the rack 808c, driving the slider 807 to move relative to the guide rail 806. The position of the slider 807 is controlled along the guide rail 806. The position sensor of the system (not the present invention, the same below) senses and feedbacks to the rider.

实施例9Example 9

本例与实施例的主要不同之处是，致动部不同。The main difference between this example and the embodiment is that the actuating part is different.

一个优选的实施例如图30所示，致动部包括直线电机，直线电机的初级沿导轨906设置，直线电机的次级安装在滑块。变速时，自行车的控制***向直线电机输出电流以驱动滑块907沿导轨906位移。滑块907的位置被沿导轨906布置的控制***的位置传感器感知并反馈给骑行者。显然，本例还可将直线电机的初级和次级分别安装在滑块和导轨。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 30. The actuating part includes a linear motor. The primary of the linear motor is disposed along the guide rail 906. The secondary of the linear motor is mounted on the slider. When shifting, the bicycle's control system outputs current to the linear motor to drive the slider 907 to move along the guide rail 906. The position of the slider 907 is sensed by the position sensor of the control system arranged along the guide rail 906 and is fed back to the rider. Obviously, the primary and secondary of the linear motor can also be installed on the slider and the guide rail respectively.

实施例10Example 10

本例与实施例的主要不同之处是，致动部不同。The main difference between this example and the embodiment is that the actuating part is different.

一个优选的实施例如图31所示，致动部包括液压管1008a、缸体1008b、活塞1008d。缸体1008b固定连接在基座(或导轨1006的端部、或车架靠近导轨端部的位置)。活塞1008d与导轨1006平行。活塞1008d固定连接在滑块1007。液压管1008a的一端连接自行车的控制装置、另一端导通的连接在缸体1008b。变速时，自行车的控制装置将液压油通过液压管1008a注入(抽出)缸体1008b以推动活塞1008d伸出(收缩)，从而带动滑块1007沿导轨1006位移。为帮助活塞1008d收缩，优选设有偏压弹簧1008c套装在导轨1006。滑块1007的位置被沿导轨1006布置的控制***的位置传感器感知并反馈给骑行者。A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 31. The actuating part includes a hydraulic pipe 1008a, a cylinder 1008b, and a piston 1008d. The cylinder 1008b is fixedly connected to the base (or the end of the guide rail 1006 or the position of the frame near the end of the guide rail). The piston 1008d is parallel to the guide rail 1006. The piston 1008d is fixedly connected to the slider 1007. One end of the hydraulic pipe 1008a is connected to the control device of the bicycle, and the other end is connected to the cylinder block 1008b. During gear shifting, the control device of the bicycle injects (extracts) hydraulic oil through the hydraulic tube 1008a into the cylinder block 1008b to push the piston 1008d to extend (contract), thereby driving the slider 1007 to move along the guide rail 1006. To help the piston 1008d shrink, a bias spring 1008c is preferably set on the guide rail 1006. The position of the slider 1007 is sensed by the position sensor of the control system arranged along the guide rail 1006 and is fed back to the rider.

另外，本发明还可采用常见的双向液压活塞机构：缸体的两端各设有1根液压管，活塞位于液压管的中部，工作时，一端的液压管注入液压油，另一端的液压管同步抽出液压油，使活塞在液压差的作用下移动，活塞具有伸出液压管的活塞杆，滑块固定连接到活塞杆。In addition, the present invention can also use a common two-way hydraulic piston mechanism: one end of the cylinder is provided with a hydraulic pipe, and the piston is located in the middle of the hydraulic pipe. When working, one end of the hydraulic pipe is filled with hydraulic oil and the other end The hydraulic oil is drawn out synchronously, so that the piston moves under the action of the hydraulic pressure difference. The piston has a piston rod protruding from the hydraulic tube, and the slider is fixedly connected to the piston rod.

注意本例还示出了另一种基座：基座的车架连接端1005a的结构类似管夹。安装时，松开螺栓1005b，使车架连接端1005a套在飞轮前方的车架，调整至合适安装位后在拧紧螺栓1005b即能使基座固定连接在飞轮前方的车架。Note that this example also shows another type of base: the frame connecting end 1005a of the base is similar in structure to a pipe clamp. When installing, loosen the bolt 1005b so that the frame connecting end 1005a is placed on the frame in front of the flywheel. After adjusting to the proper installation position, tighten the bolt 1005b to fix the base to the frame in front of the flywheel.

注：虽然本发明以较佳实施例揭露如上，但并非限定本发明实施的范围。任何本领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的发明范围内，当可作些许的改进，即凡是依照本发明所做的同等改进，应为本发明的范围所涵盖。例如，以实施例1至4示出的移动部、致动部和导链部应用于实施例5。以实施例7、8示出的导轨、移动部应用于其他各例。以实施例9至11示出的致动部应用于其他各例。等等。Note: Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art can make some improvements without departing from the scope of the present invention, that is, any equivalent improvement made in accordance with the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention. For example, the moving portion, the actuating portion, and the chain guide portion shown in Embodiments 1 to 4 are applied to Embodiment 5. The guide rails and moving parts shown in Embodiments 7 and 8 are applied to other examples. The actuators shown in Examples 9 to 11 are applied to other examples. and many more.

Claims (10)

1. 一种导向机构，包括：N条导轨，基座；A guide mechanism includes: N guide rails and a base;

   5≥N≥1；当N＞1时，所述导轨相互平行；所述导轨位于飞轮的前方至下方范围并基本平行于飞轮外轮廓线；或所述导轨位于所述飞轮的前下方并基本平行于飞轮轴线；5≥N≥1; when N> 1, the guide rails are parallel to each other; the guide rails are located in a range from front to the bottom of the flywheel and are substantially parallel to the outer contour of the flywheel; Parallel to the flywheel axis;

   所述基座包括本体，所述本体构造为连接在车架与所述导轨之间；所述本体包括车架连接端和导轨连接端，所述车架连接端固定连接在所述车架的后部；所述导轨连接端与所述导轨一体制造或固定连接；或The base includes a body configured to be connected between the frame and the guide rail; the body includes a frame connection end and a rail connection end, and the frame connection end is fixedly connected to the frame. Rear part; the rail connecting end is integrally manufactured or fixedly connected with the rail; or

   所述基座包括保护罩，所述保护罩为盒状，所述保护罩与所述车架的后部一体制造或固定连接；所述导轨能拆装的固定连接在所述保护罩内。The base includes a protective cover, the protective cover is box-shaped, the protective cover is integrally manufactured with or fixedly connected to the rear portion of the vehicle frame, and the guide rail is detachably and fixedly connected in the protective cover.
2. 如权利要求1所述的导向机构，其特征是，该导向机构包括：移动部，能沿所述导轨往复位移的连接到所述导轨。The guide mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the guide mechanism comprises: a moving part connected to the guide rail capable of reciprocating displacement along the guide rail.
3. 如权利要求2所述的导向机构，其特征是，当N＝1时：所述导轨具有非圆形横截面；所述移动部包括滑块a；所述滑块a具有与所述导轨截面形状相应、间隙配合的贯通孔a或贯通槽a；所述导轨贯穿所述贯通孔a或所述贯通槽a；或所述移动部包括滑车a；所述滑车a以滚轮机构a或滚轴机构a支承在所述导轨；The guide mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that when N = 1: the guide rail has a non-circular cross section; the moving part includes a slider a; and the slider a has a cross section with the guide rail A through hole a or a through groove a with a corresponding shape and a clearance fit; the guide rail penetrating the through hole a or the through groove a; or the moving part including a pulley a; the pulley a is a roller mechanism a or a roller Mechanism a is supported on the guide rail;

   当5≥N＞1时：所述移动部包括滑块b；所述滑块b具有与所述导轨数目相同、位置相应、截面形状相应、间隙配合的贯通孔b或贯通槽b；所述导轨贯穿所述贯通孔b或所述贯通槽b；或所述移动部包括滑车b；所述滑车b以滚轮机构b或滚轴机构b支承在所述导轨。When 5≥N> 1: the moving part includes slider b; the slider b has the same number of through holes b or through grooves b as the guide rails, corresponding positions, corresponding cross-sectional shapes, and clearance fit; A guide rail penetrates the through hole b or the through groove b; or the moving part includes a pulley b; the pulley b is supported on the guide rail by a roller mechanism b or a roller mechanism b.
4. 如权利要求2所述的导向机构，其特征是，该导向机构包括：致动部，连接在所述移动部,以致动所述移动部沿所述导轨位移。The guiding mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the guiding mechanism comprises: an actuating portion connected to the moving portion to actuate the moving portion to be displaced along the guide rail.
5. 如权利要求4所述的导向机构，其特征是，所述致动部包括拉线、线管、单向力机构；所述拉线能往复移动的贯穿在所述线管内；所述拉线的端部固定连接在所述移动部；所述线管的端部固定连接在所述基座、所述导轨的端部或所述车架；所述单向力机构连接在所述移动部，以对所述移动部施加单向力；所述拉线的拉力与所述单向力机构的单向力共同作用而使所述移动部位移。The guide mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the actuating portion includes a pull wire, a wire tube, and a unidirectional force mechanism; the pull wire can be reciprocally moved through the wire tube; and an end portion of the pull wire Fixedly connected to the moving part; an end of the wire tube is fixedly connected to the base, an end of the guide rail, or the frame; the one-way force mechanism is connected to the moving part to The moving part applies a unidirectional force; the pulling force of the pull wire and the unidirectional force of the one-way force mechanism work together to displace the moving part.
6. 如权利要求2所述的导向机构，其特征是，该导向机构包括：导链部，连接到所述移动部，以带动链条由所述飞轮的初始档位移向所述飞轮的目标档位。The guide mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide mechanism comprises: a chain guide portion connected to the moving portion to drive the chain from the initial gear of the flywheel to the target gear of the flywheel.
7. 如权利要求6所述的导向机构，其特征是，所述导链部包括导轮a、连接体a和张紧轮a；所述导轮a能转动的连接在所述移动部；所述连接体a具有上部和下部；所述连接体a的上部偏转的枢接在所述移动部；所述张紧轮a能转动的连接在所述连接体a的下部；所述链条依次啮合在中盘a的上部、所述飞轮、所述导轮a、所述张紧轮a、再回到所述中盘a的下部。The guide mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the guide chain portion includes a guide wheel a, a connecting body a, and a tensioning wheel a; the guide wheel a is rotatably connected to the moving portion; and The connecting body a has an upper part and a lower part; the upper part of the connecting body a is pivotally connected to the moving part; the tension wheel a is rotatably connected to the lower part of the connecting body a; the chain meshes in sequence The upper part of the middle plate a, the flywheel, the guide wheel a, the tension wheel a, and then return to the lower part of the middle plate a.
8. 如权利要求6所述的导向机构，其特征是，所述导链部包括导轮b、连接体b和张紧轮b；所述连接体b具有上部和下部；所述导轮b能转动的连接在所述连接体b的上部；所述连接体b的上部偏转的枢接在所述移动部；所述张紧轮b能转动的连接在所述连接体b的下部；所述链条依次啮合在中盘b的上部、所述飞轮、所述导轮b、所述张紧轮b、再回到所述中盘b的下部。The guide mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the guide chain portion includes a guide wheel b, a connecting body b, and a tensioning wheel b; the connecting body b has an upper portion and a lower portion; and the guide wheel b can rotate Is connected to the upper part of the connecting body b; the upper part of the connecting body b is pivoted to the moving part; the tension wheel b is rotatably connected to the lower part of the connecting body b; the chain The upper part of the middle disc b, the flywheel, the guide wheel b, the tension wheel b, and then the lower part of the middle disc b are engaged in order.
9. 如权利要求8所述的导向机构，其特征是，所述连接体b包括管状拨腿；所述导轮b能转动的连接在所述管状拨腿的上部的内部；所述张紧轮b能转动的连接在所述管状拨腿的下部的内部；所述管状拨腿的上、下管口分别朝向所述链条的移出和移入方向；所述管状拨腿的上部偏转的枢接在所述移动部。The guide mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the connecting body b includes a tubular shifting leg; the guide wheel b is rotatably connected to the inside of an upper portion of the tubular shifting leg; and the tensioning wheel b It is rotatably connected to the inside of the lower part of the tubular shifter; the upper and lower mouths of the tubular shifter are moved in and out of the chain, respectively; Mentioned mobile section.
10. 如权利要求6所述的导向机构，其特征是，所述导链部包括导轮c、支架和张紧轮c；所述支架包括短臂a和短臂b；所述短臂a与所述短臂b的连接处偏转的枢接在所述移动部；所述导轮c能转动的连接在所述短臂a的端部；所述张紧轮c能转动的连接在所述短臂b的端部；导轮c轴线至枢转轴线的距离Z；张紧轮c轴线至所述枢转轴线的距离Y，1.3Z≤Y≤ 2.5Z；所述导轮c轴线与所述枢转轴线所在的平面，与所述张紧轮c轴线与所述枢转轴线所在平面的夹角为α，50°≤α≤85°；所述导轨位于所述飞轮的前下方并基本平行于所述飞轮轴线；所述枢转轴线与所述飞轮轴线的距离为X，所述飞轮轴线与中盘d轴线的距离为W，6％W≤X≤16％W；所述链条依次啮合在所述中盘d的上部、所述飞轮、所述导轮c，所述张紧轮c再回至所述中盘d的下部。The guide mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the chain guide portion includes a guide wheel c, a bracket, and a tensioning wheel c; the bracket includes a short arm a and a short arm b; and the short arm a and the The pivot of the short arm b is deflected at the moving part; the guide wheel c is rotatably connected to the end of the short arm a; the tension wheel c is rotatably connected to the short The end of the arm b; the distance Z from the c-axis of the guide wheel to the pivot axis; the distance Y from the c-axis of the tension wheel to the pivot axis, 1.3Z ≤ Y ≤ 2.5Z; the c-axis of the guide wheel and the The angle between the plane where the pivot axis is located and the axis of the tensioning wheel c and the plane where the pivot axis is located is α, 50 ° ≤α≤85 °; the guide rail is located in front of and below the flywheel and is substantially parallel To the flywheel axis; the distance between the pivot axis and the flywheel axis is X, and the distance between the flywheel axis and the d-axis of the center plate is W, 6% W≤X≤16% W; the chain meshes in sequence In the upper part of the middle disc d, the flywheel, the guide wheel c, the tensioning wheel c returns to the lower part of the middle disc d.

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