WO2019218414A1 - 燃烧器及应用其的热水器 - Google Patents

燃烧器及应用其的热水器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019218414A1
WO2019218414A1 PCT/CN2018/091102 CN2018091102W WO2019218414A1 WO 2019218414 A1 WO2019218414 A1 WO 2019218414A1 CN 2018091102 W CN2018091102 W CN 2018091102W WO 2019218414 A1 WO2019218414 A1 WO 2019218414A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
ejector
gas
housing
burner
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/091102
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈文风
孟宪超
梁国荣
Original Assignee
芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司
美的集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司, 美的集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司
Priority to EP18919158.8A priority Critical patent/EP3795900A4/en
Publication of WO2019218414A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019218414A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/08—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with axial outlets at the burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/045—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with a plurality of burner bars assembled together, e.g. in a grid-like arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/84—Flame spreading or otherwise shaping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/007—Mixing tubes, air supply regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14003—Special features of gas burners with more than one nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14041—Segmented or straight line assembly of burner bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14641—Special features of gas burners with gas distribution manifolds or bars provided with a plurality of nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of burners, in particular to a burner and a water heater using the same.
  • the water heater or wall-hung boiler is a household appliance that uses domestic gas as the main energy source to provide domestic hot water or home heating.
  • the burner is an important component of a gas water heater and a wall-hung boiler, and is a general term for a device that ejects fuel and air in a certain manner and then mixes and burns. Burners are divided into industrial burners, burners, civil burners and special burners by type and application.
  • the present invention provides a burner and a water heater using the same.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a burner including a plurality of firearms, the plurality of firearms are arranged side by side in a width direction, and the firearm includes at least three ejector pipes.
  • the ejector tube sequentially sets an ejector section and an venting section according to a gas flow direction, and the ejector tube comprises:
  • a throat disposed at a minimum cross section of the ejector section, the length of the ejector section being H1, the maximum width of the throat allowing gas to pass through, wherein 8.5D1 ⁇ H1 ⁇ 9.5D1;
  • a flow divider disposed in the air outlet section, has a top corner portion for diverting gas to both sides, the angle of the top corner portion being 45 degrees to 85 degrees.
  • the ejector section includes:
  • the ejector tube having the same cross-sectional shape in the pre-mixing section, the length of the pre-mixing section being H11, wherein 2D1 ⁇ H11 ⁇ 3D1;
  • the diffusing section gradually deviates from the central axis of the ejector tube along the gas flow direction, and the length of the diffusing section is H12, wherein 3.5D1 ⁇ H12 ⁇ 4.5D1.
  • the ejector section has an inlet end and an outlet end, the maximum width of the inlet end is greater than or equal to the maximum width of the outlet end, and the maximum width of the inlet end is greater than or equal to 18 mm.
  • the inlet end has an arcuate cross section that is concavely formed from a center of the inlet end toward the outlet end.
  • the length of the gas outlet section is less than or equal to 30% H1.
  • the fire extinguisher includes a first housing and a second housing that are symmetrically disposed, and a gas passage of the ejector tube is enclosed by the first housing and the second housing; the shunt The first recess and the second recess are symmetrically disposed, the first recess is formed by the first housing being recessed toward the cavity of the ejector tube, and the second recess is formed by the second housing a cavity of the ejector tube is formed by recessing, and a gas passage is defined between the first recess and the second recess; the fire extinguisher further includes a top plate, which is covered above the ejector tube The top plate is provided with a plurality of fire holes; and the first casing is fastened to the second casing, and the top plate fastens the first casing and the second casing.
  • the flow divider further includes at least two through holes disposed between the adjacent two of the ejector pipes for passing the cold water pipe and in close contact with the cold water pipe.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also provides a water heater including the burner as described above.
  • the embodiment of the invention adopts the above technical solution to improve the ejector coefficient and reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a burner of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the firearm of the burner of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a left side elevational view of two firearms of the burner of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the burner of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of a burner of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 100A first housing
  • 100B second housing
  • 110 ejector tube
  • 111A first diversion ramp
  • 111B second diversion ramp
  • 112 shunt
  • 112A first recess
  • 112B second recess
  • 112C apex
  • 110A ejector section
  • 110B outlet section
  • 113 inlet end
  • 113A curved section; 114: throat; 115: outlet end;
  • 120 top plate; 121: fire hole; 131: inlet pipe through hole;
  • 101 a first firearm
  • 102 a second firearm
  • first fastener 191: first fastener; 192: second fastener; 200: cold water pipe;
  • 300 gas distribution device; 310: nozzle; 320: valve connection.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. , or integrated; can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction of two components .
  • installation can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may include direct contact of the first and second features, and may also include first and second features, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. It is not in direct contact but through additional features between them.
  • the first feature “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature includes the first feature directly above and above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature includes the first feature directly above and above the second feature, or merely the first feature level being less than the second feature.
  • the burner 10 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of fire extinguishers 100 and a cold water pipe 200 extending through the plurality of fire extinguishers 100.
  • the plurality of fire extinguishers 100 are along the fire extinguisher 100.
  • the width direction of the cold water pipe 200 is U-shaped, including the inlet pipe 210 and the outlet pipe 220 to drain water on the same side of the burner 10.
  • the cold water pipe 200 is integrally formed.
  • the fire extinguisher 100 of the present embodiment includes three ejector tubes 110 and two through holes (a water inlet hole 131 and a water outlet hole 132), wherein Both ends of the cold water pipe 200 are respectively passed through the corresponding through holes, that is, the inlet pipe through holes 131 are used for the inlet pipe 210 to pass through, and are in close contact with the inlet pipe 210, and the outlet pipe through holes 132 are used for the outlet pipe 220 to pass through. And in close contact with the outlet pipe 220.
  • the fire extinguisher 100 can be engaged with the second housing by the first housing 100A.
  • 100B is formed, that is, the gas passage of the ejector tube 100 is surrounded by the first casing 100A and the second casing 100B, and the inlet pipe through hole 131 and the outlet pipe through hole 132 penetrate the first casing 100A and the second casing 100B.
  • the firearm 100 further includes a top plate 120 that is capped over the three ejector tubes 110 and has a plurality of fire holes 121.
  • each of the ejector tubes 110 sequentially sets an ejector section 110A and an outlet section 110B according to a gas flow direction, wherein the ejector section 110A has an inlet end 113, a throat 114 and an outlet end 115, and an ejector tube
  • the gas is directed upwardly from the inlet end 113, through the throat 114 and the outlet section 110B, and then discharged from the fire hole 121 and ignited by the igniter 160 (in conjunction with FIG. 2) to form a flame.
  • the end face of the outlet section 110B of the ejector tube 110 is inclined to both sides to form a flow guiding slope (including the first flow guiding slope 111A and the rightward inclined to the left side)
  • the second inclined flow guiding slope 111B is inclined to both sides to form a flow guiding slope (including the first flow guiding slope 111A and the rightward inclined to the left side).
  • the throat 114 is disposed at a minimum cross-section of the exit section 110A, i.e., the gas has a minimum passage area at the throat 114.
  • the maximum width of the throat 114 allowing gas to pass is D1.
  • the maximum width D1 is the diameter of the throat 114; when the cross-sectional shape of the throat 114 is rectangular, the maximum width D1 is the longest diagonal of the throat 114.
  • Reducing the maximum width D1 of the throat 114 can reduce the size of the firearm 100.
  • Increasing the length H1 of the ejector section 110A and the maximum width D1 of the throat 114 can reduce the energy loss coefficient, thereby increasing the ejector coefficient and allowing gas and air. The mix is more even.
  • the energy loss coefficient of the ejector is about 1.5. Decreasing the energy loss coefficient is beneficial to increase the ejector coefficient.
  • the thermal oxidation reaction refers to the oxidation of nitrogen and oxygen in the air at high temperature to form nitrogen oxides.
  • the ejector section 110A includes a premixing section 110A1 and a diffusing section 110A2, the ejector tube 110 has the same cross-sectional shape in the premixing section 110A1, and the length of the premixing section 110A1 is H11, wherein 2D1 ⁇ H11 ⁇ 3D1;
  • the diffusing section 110A2 gradually deviates from the central axis of the ejector tube 110 in the gas flow direction, and the length of the diffusing section 110A2 is H12, wherein 3.5D1 ⁇ H12 ⁇ 4.5D1.
  • the length H2 of the outlet section 110B is ⁇ 30% H1 to reduce the size of the fire extinguisher 100.
  • the number of the ejector tubes 110 may be three or more than three, and the number of the ejector tubes 110 may increase the ejector coefficient, thereby increasing the amount of the ejector gas.
  • the ejector tube 110 further has a flow divider 112 including a first recess 112A and a second housing 100B which are formed by recessing the first housing 100A toward the cavity of the ejector tube 110.
  • the cavity of the tube 110 is recessed to form a second recess 112B.
  • the flow divider 112 is for dividing the gas, and even if a part of the gas is affected by the resistance of the flow divider 112, it is branched to both sides of the ejector tube 110, ejected from the fire holes 121 corresponding to both sides of the ejector tube 110, and then burned to form
  • the other portion of the gas is vertically upward from the gas passage between the first recess 112A and the second recess 112B, ejected from the fire hole 121 corresponding to the center of the ejector tube 110, and then burned to form a flame.
  • the angle ⁇ of the apex portion 112C of the flow divider 112 is preferably 45 degrees (°) to 85°, that is, the split angle of the apex portion 112C for diverting gas to both sides thereof is preferably 45° to 85° to reduce the gas. Resistance to flow.
  • the burner 10 further includes a gas separation device 300, which is disposed at each Below the ejector tube 110, a gas passage is defined in the gas separation device 300, and communicates with the ejector tube 110 through a plurality of nozzles 310.
  • the gas valve connected to the valve connector 320 is opened, and the gas enters the ejector tube 110 through the nozzle 310.
  • the inlet pipe through hole 131 and the outlet pipe through hole 132 are respectively located between the adjacent two ejector pipes 110, and the tops of the inlet pipe through hole 131 and the outlet pipe through hole 132 are preferably disposed at the same horizontal plane.
  • the top E1 of the inlet pipe through hole 131 should be higher than the bottom portion E2 of the flow divider 112 so that the position of the cold water pipe 200 is close to the top plate 120, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides.
  • the burner 10 is of an upright structure. After the gas is ejected from the nozzle 310, the direction of the airflow is also vertical. The gas and air are mixed in the ejector tube 110 and then ignited in the fire hole 121. The end 113 can illuminate more gas, while reducing the diameter of the throat 114. Increasing the length of the ejector section 110A can make the gas mixing more uniform while reducing the size of the firearm 100.
  • the design of at least three ejector tubes not only increases the amount of ejector gas, but also increases the number of corresponding nozzles 310, further increases the ejector coefficient and reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides. Experiments have shown that the flow path design of this embodiment can reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides from 80 ppm (number of particles per cubic centimeter) to 20 ppm.
  • the fire extinguisher 100 further includes a spacing positioning mechanism 150 disposed outside the ejector tube 110.
  • Each of the spacing positioning mechanisms 150 includes a first convex portion 151 and a second convex portion 152 symmetrically disposed, wherein the first convex portion 151
  • the first housing 100A is formed to protrude toward the outside of the ejector tube 110
  • the second convex portion 152 is formed by the second housing 100B protruding toward the outside of the ejector tube 110.
  • the distance between the first convex portion 151 and the second convex portion 152 is D5, and the outer diameter of the inlet end 113 of the ejector tube 110 is D4, where D4 is equal to D5, thereby making the adjacent two points
  • the side walls of the inlet end 113 of the firearms 103 and 104 can be offset, and the spacing positioning mechanism 150 of the adjacent two firearms 103 and 104 can be offset, that is, the first convex portion 151 of the firearm 103 and the second portion of the fire extinguisher 104.
  • the convex portion 152 abuts.
  • the number of the spacing and positioning mechanisms 150 is not limited in this embodiment.
  • one spacing positioning mechanism 150 may be disposed outside one of the guiding tubes 110, or one spacing may be disposed outside each of the guiding tubes 110.
  • Agency 150 As long as the side walls of the inlet ends of the adjacent two fire extinguishers 100 can be abutted, and the spacing positioning mechanisms 150 of the adjacent two fire extinguishers can be offset.
  • the spacing positioning mechanism 150 can make the fixing between the plurality of fire extinguishers 100 more secure, reducing sway or vibration, thereby reducing the noise generated by the burner 10 during operation.
  • the plurality of fire extinguishers 100 include a first fire extinguisher 101 and a second fire extinguisher 102 arranged at the end of the burner 10, and the burner 10 further includes a first pressure plate 171, The second pressure plate 172, the connecting member 180, the first fastener 191 and the second fastener 192.
  • the first pressing plate 171 is located outside the first fire extinguisher 101
  • the second pressing plate 172 is located outside the second fire extinguisher 102
  • the connecting member 180 sequentially passes through the first pressure plate 171, the respective fire extinguishers 100 and the second pressure plate 172
  • the connecting member 180 is fastened to the first pressing plate 171 by the first fastener 191
  • the connecting member 180 is fastened to the second pressing plate 172 by the second fastening member 192, so that the first pressing plate 171 and the second pressing plate 172 are connected.
  • the respective fire extinguishers 100 are pressed from both ends of the burner 10.
  • the connecting member 180 may be a double-ended screw
  • the first fastener 191 and the second fastening member 192 may be bolts.
  • the embodiment further provides a flue gas water heater comprising the combustor according to the above embodiment.
  • a flue gas water heater comprising the combustor according to the above embodiment.
  • Other configurations of the gas water heater of the present embodiment can be applied to various technical solutions that are known to those skilled in the art now and in the future, and will not be described in detail herein. Since the flue gas water heater of the present embodiment adopts the burner 10 as described above, it is possible to illuminate a sufficient amount of gas without the fan, thereby increasing the ejector coefficient and reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides.
  • the present embodiment further provides a fireplace comprising the burner according to the above embodiment.
  • a fireplace comprising the burner according to the above embodiment.
  • Other configurations of the wall-hung boiler of the present embodiment can be applied to various technical solutions that are known to those skilled in the art now and in the future, and will not be described in detail herein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

一种燃烧器及应用其的热水器。燃烧器（10）包括多个分火器（100），多个分火器（100）沿宽度方向并排分布，分火器（100）包括至少三个引射管（110），引射管（110）按气体流向依次设置引射段（110A）和出气段（110B）。引射管（110）包括喉部（114）和分流器（112）。喉部（114）设置于引射段（110A）的最小截面处，引射段（110A）的长度为H1，喉部（114）允许气体通过的最大宽度为D1，其中，8.5D1≤H1≤9.5D1；分流器（112）设置于出气段（110B），具有用于使气体向两侧分流的顶角部（112C），顶角部（112C）的角度为45度至85度。

Description

燃烧器及应用其的热水器
本申请要求于2018年05月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810462349.5、发明名称为“燃烧器及应用其的热水器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及燃烧器技术领域，尤其涉及一种燃烧器及应用其的热水器。
背景技术
热水器或壁挂炉是以燃气为主要能源，提供生活热水或居家供暖的家用设备。燃烧器是燃气热水器和壁挂炉的重要部件，是使燃料和空气以一定方式喷出，然后混合燃烧的装置的统称。燃烧器按类型和应用领域分工业燃烧器、燃烧机、民用燃烧器、特种燃烧器几种。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中燃烧器的燃烧效率低和燃烧后产生的氮氧化物多的技术问题，本发明提供一种燃烧器及应用其的热水器。
作为本发明实施例的一个方面，本发明实施例提供一种燃烧器，包括多个分火器，所述多个分火器沿宽度方向并排分布，所述分火器包括至少三个引射管，所述引射管按气体流向依次设置引射段和出气段，所述引射管包括：
喉部，设置于所述引射段的最小截面处，所述引射段的长度为H1，所述喉部允许气体通过的最大宽度为D1，其中，8.5D1≤H1≤9.5D1；以及
分流器，设置于所述出气段，具有用于使气体向两侧分流的顶角部，所述顶角部的角度为45度至85度。
进一步地，所述引射段包括：
预混段，所述引射管在所述预混段具有相同的截面形状，所述预混段 的长度为H11，其中，2D1≤H11≤3D1；以及
扩压段，沿气体流动方向逐渐偏离所述引射管的中心轴，所述扩压段的长度为H12，其中，3.5D1≤H12≤4.5D1。
进一步地，所述引射段具有入口端和出口端，所述入口端的最大宽度大于等于所述出口端的最大宽度，以及所述入口端的最大宽度大于等于18mm。
进一步地，所述入口端具有弧形截面，所述弧形截面由所述入口端的中心向所述出口端内凹形成。
进一步地，11mm≤D1≤14mm。
进一步地，所述出气段的长度小于等于30％H1。
进一步地，所述燃烧器还包括分气装置，所述分气装置设置于各所述引射管的下方，所述分气装置内限定有多个燃气通道，所述分气装置还包括多个喷嘴，所述分气装置通过所述喷嘴与所述引射管连通，所述喷嘴的直径为D0，其中，D1＝2D0。
进一步地，所述分火器包括对称设置的第一壳体和第二壳体，所述引射管的气体通道由所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体围成；所述分流器包括对称设置的第一凹部和第二凹部，所述第一凹部由所述第一壳体向所述引射管的腔体凹陷而形成，所述第二凹部由所述第二壳体向所述引射管的腔体凹陷而形成，所述第一凹部和所述第二凹部之间限定有气体通道；所述分火器还包括顶板，盖合于所述引射管的上方，所述顶板开设有多个火孔；以及所述第一壳体扣合所述第二壳体，所述顶板扣合所述第一壳体以及所述第二壳体。
进一步地，所述分流器还包括至少两个通孔，所述通孔设置于相邻两个所述引射管之间，用于供冷水管通过，并与所述冷水管紧密接触。
作为本发明实施例的另一个方面，本发明实施例还提供一种热水器，包括如上所述的燃烧器。
本发明实施例采用上述技术方案，可以提高引射系数，减少氮氧化物 的产生。
上述概述仅仅是为了说明书的目的，并不意图以任何方式进行限制。除上述描述的示意性的方面、实施方式和特征之外，通过参考附图和以下的详细描述，本发明进一步的方面、实施方式和特征将会是容易明白的。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的燃烧器的俯视图。
图2为本发明实施例的燃烧器的分火器的主视图。
图3为本发明实施例的燃烧器的两个分火器的左视图。
图4为本发明实施例的燃烧器的主视图。
图5为本发明实施例的燃烧器的***图。
附图标记说明：
10：燃烧器；           100：分火器；
100A：第一壳体；       100B：第二壳体；     110：引射管；
111A：第一导流斜面；   111B：第二导流斜面； 112：分流器；
112A：第一凹部；       112B：第二凹部；     112C：顶角部；
110A：引射段；         110B：出气段；       113：入口端；
113A：弧形截面；       114：喉部；          115：出口端；
120：顶板；            121：火孔；          131：进水管通孔；
132：出水管通孔；      150：间距定位机构；
151：第一凸部；        152：第二凸部；      160：点火器；
101：第一分火器；      102：第二分火器；
103、104：相邻两个分火器；
171：第一压板；        172：第二压板；      180：连接件；
191：第一紧固件；      192：第二紧固件；    200：冷水管；
210：进水管；          220：出水管；
300：分气装置；        310：喷嘴；          320：阀门连接件。
具体实施方式
在下文中，仅简单地描述了某些示例性实施例。正如本领域技术人员可认识到的那样，在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，可通过各种不同方式修改所描述的实施例。因此，附图和描述被认为本质上是示例性的而非限制性的。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，还可以是通信；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和 斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本发明的不同结构。为了简化本发明的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本发明。此外，本发明可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。
如图1所示为本实施例的燃烧器10的俯视图，本实施例的燃烧器10包括多个分火器100以及贯穿多个分火器100的冷水管200，多个分火器100沿分火器100的宽度方向并排分布，冷水管200为U型管，包括进水管210和出水管220，以在燃烧器10的同一侧进排水，优选地，冷水管200为一体成型。
如图2所示为其中一个分火器100的主视图，本实施例的分火器100包括3个引射管110以及2个通孔(进水管通孔131和出水管通孔132)，其中，冷水管200的两端分别从对应的通孔穿过，即进水管通孔131用于供进水管210穿过，并与进水管210紧密接触，出水管通孔132用于供出水管220穿过，并与出水管220紧密接触。
如图3所示，为相邻两个分火器103和104的左视图，请结合参阅图1和图2，本实施例中，分火器100可以由第一壳体100A扣合第二壳体100B形成，即引射管100的气体通道由第一壳体100A和第二壳体100B围成，进水管通孔131和出水管通孔132贯穿第一壳体100A和第二壳体100B。分火器100还包括顶板120，盖合于3个引射管110的上方，并开设有多个火孔121。
请参阅图2和图3，每个引射管110按照气体流向依次设置引射段110A和出气段110B，其中，引射段110A具有入口端113、喉部114和出口端115，引射管110从入口端113垂直向上引射气体，经由喉部114和出气段 110B，然后从火孔121排出后由点火器160(结合参见图2)点燃形成火焰。为了避免气流的喷力过大而导致的火焰太高，引射管110的出气段110B的端面向两侧倾斜以形成导流斜面(包括向左侧倾斜的第一导流斜面111A和向右侧倾斜的第二导流斜面111B)。
喉部114设置于引射段110A的最小截面处，即气体在喉部114处具有最小的通过面积。喉部114允许气体通过的最大宽度为D1，例如，当喉部114的截面形状为圆形时，最大宽度D1即为喉部114的直径；当喉部114的截面形状为矩形时，最大宽度D1即为喉部114的最长对角线。
降低喉部114的最大宽度D1可以减小分火器100的尺寸，增加引射段110A的长度H1以及喉部114的最大宽度D1可以降低能量损失系数，进而提高引射系数，并使燃气和空气的混合更均匀。实验表明，当H1＝6D1时，燃烧器引射的能量损失系数约为2.2；当H1＝8D1时，燃烧器引射的能量损失系数约为1.8；当8.5D1≤H1≤9.5D1时，燃烧器引射的能量损失系数约为1.5。降低能量损失系数有利于提高引射系数，当引射系数提高，实际燃烧产物的体积就会增大，从而导致燃烧温度急剧下降，进而可以减少热力型氧化反应，以降低氮氧化物的排放(热力型氧化反应是指空气中的氮气与氧气在高温下发生氧化发应而生成氮氧化物，实验证明，随着反应温度升高，氧化反应速率按指数规律增加)。
优选地，引射段110A包括预混段110A1和扩压段110A2，引射管110在预混段110A1具有相同的截面形状，预混段110A1的长度为H11，其中，2D1≤H11≤3D1；扩压段110A2沿气体流动方向逐渐偏离引射管110的中心轴，扩压段110A2的长度为H12，其中，3.5D1≤H12≤4.5D1。
进一步地，出气段110B的长度H2≤30％H1，以减小分火器100的尺寸。
优选地，11mm≤D1≤14mm，进而每个分火器100在喉部114所形成的气体通道的截面积为33mm2～42mm2，因此，增加引射管的数量有利于减小喉部114的最大宽度，以减小分火器100的尺寸。需要说明的是，本实 施例中，引射管110可以是3个，也可以是大于3个，引射管110的数量增多可以提高引射系数，进而可以增加引射气体的量。
进一步地，入口端113的最大宽度D2大于等于出口端115的最大宽度D3，优选地，D2＝D3，并且入口端113的中心向出口端115内凹以形成弧形截面113A，如图2所示，这种大圆角设计的入口端113可以使气体流动更顺畅，并增加通过燃气引射空气的量，优选地，D2≥18mm。
如图2和图3所示，引射管110还具有分流器112，包括第一壳体100A向引射管110的腔体凹陷而形成的第一凹部112A以及第二壳体100B向引射管110的腔体凹陷形成的第二凹部112B。分流器112用于分流气体，即使一部分气体受分流器112的阻力影响，向引射管110的两侧分流，从与引射管110的两侧相对应的火孔121喷出，然后燃烧形成火焰；而另一部分气体由第一凹部112A和第二凹部112B之间的气体通道垂直向上，从与引射管110的中心相对应的火孔121喷出，然后燃烧形成火焰。
分流器112的顶角部112C的角度α优选为45度(°)至85°，即顶角部112C用于使气体向其两侧分流的分流角度优选为45°至85°，以降低气体流动的阻力。
图4和图5分别示出了燃烧器10的主视图和***图，即多个分火器100组合在一起时的视图，本实施例中，燃烧器10还包括分气装置300，设置于各引射管110的下方，分气装置300内限定有燃气通道，通过多个喷嘴310与引射管110连通。在燃烧器10工作时，与阀门连接件320连接的燃气阀门打开，燃气通过喷嘴310进入引射管110，喷嘴310的直径D0小于喉部114的最大宽度D1，优选地，D1＝2D0，以引射更多的气体进入引射管110，提高引射系数，减少氮氧化物的产生。
优选地，本实施例中，进水管通孔131和出水管通孔132分别位于相邻两个引射管110之间，进水管通孔131和出水管通孔132的顶部优选设置在同一水平面，进水管通孔131的顶部E1应高于分流器112的底部E2，以使冷水管200的位置接近顶板120，进而提升冷却效率，减少氮氧化物 的产生。
本实施例中，燃烧器10是直立式结构，燃气从喷嘴310喷出后，气流方向也是垂直的，燃气和空气在引射管110中混合后再在火孔121被点燃，大圆角的入口端113可以引射更多的气体量，而减小喉部114的直径，增长引射段110A的长度可以在减小分火器100的尺寸的前提下使气体混合更加均匀。而至少3个引射管的设计，不仅可以增加引射气体的量，还可以使对应的喷嘴310的数量增多，进一步提高引射系数，减少氮氧化物的产生。实验表明，采用本实施例的这种流道设计可以将氮氧化物的排放量从80ppm(每立方厘米的粒子数)降低到20ppm。
进一步地，分火器100还包括设置于引射管110外部的间距定位机构150，每一个间距定位机构150包括对称设置的第一凸部151和第二凸部152，其中，第一凸部151是由第一壳体100A向引射管110的外部凸起而形成，第二凸部152是由第二壳体100B向引射管110的外部凸起而形成。
如图3所示，第一凸部151和第二凸部152之间的距离是D5，引射管110的入口端113的外直径是D4，其中D4等于D5，从而使相邻两个分火器103和104的入口端113的侧壁可以相抵，并使相邻两个分火器103和104的间距定位机构150可以相抵，即分火器103的第一凸部151和分火器104的第二凸部152相抵。
需要说明的是，本实施例并不限定间距定位机构150的数量，例如可以在其中一个引射管110外部设置一个间距定位机构150，也可以在每个引射管110外部各设置一个间距定位机构150。只要能够使相邻两个分火器100的入口端的侧壁相抵，以及相邻两个分火器的间距定位机构150相抵即可。
本实施例中，间距定位机构150可以使多个分火器100之间的固定更加牢靠，减少晃动或震动，从而降低燃烧器10在工作时所产生的噪音。
进一步地，如图4和图5所示，多个分火器100中包括排列在燃烧器10端部的第一分火器101和第二分火器102，燃烧器10还包括第一压板 171、第二压板172、连接件180、第一紧固件191和第二紧固件192。其中，第一压板171位于第一分火器101的外侧，第二压板172位于第二分火器102的外侧；连接件180依次穿过第一压板171、各分火器100和第二压板172；以及，连接件180通过第一紧固件191与第一压板171紧固连接，连接件180通过第二紧固件192与第二压板172紧固连接，从而使第一压板171和第二压板172从燃烧器10的两端压紧各分火器100。优选地，本实施例中，连接件180可以是双头螺杆，第一紧固件191和第二紧固件192可以是螺栓。
作为本发明实施例的另一个方面，本实施例还提供一种烟道式燃气热水器，包括根据上述实施例所述的燃烧器。本实施例的燃气热水器的其他构成可以采用于本领域普通技术人员现在和未来知悉的各种技术方案，这里不再详细描述。本实施例的烟道式燃气热水器由于采用如上所述的燃烧器10，可以在没有风机的条件下，依然可以引射足够量的气体，进而提高引射系数，减少氮氧化物的产生。
作为本发明实施例的另一个方面，本实施例还提出一种壁挂炉，包括根据上述实施例所述的燃烧器。本实施例的壁挂炉的其他构成可以采用于本领域普通技术人员现在和未来知悉的各种技术方案，这里不再详细描述。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出的是，上述优选实施方式不应视为对本发明的限制，本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种燃烧器，其特征在于，包括多个分火器，所述多个分火器沿宽度方向并排分布，所述分火器包括至少三个引射管，所述引射管按气体流向依次设置引射段和出气段，所述引射管包括：
    喉部，设置于所述引射段的最小截面处，所述引射段的长度为H1，所述喉部允许气体通过的最大宽度为D1，其中，8.5D1≤H1≤9.5D1；以及
    分流器，设置于所述出气段，具有用于使气体向两侧分流的顶角部，所述顶角部的角度为45度至85度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，所述引射段包括：
    预混段，所述引射管在所述预混段具有相同的截面形状，所述预混段的长度为H11，其中，2D1≤H11≤3D1；以及
    扩压段，沿气体流动方向逐渐偏离所述引射管的中心轴，所述扩压段的长度为H12，其中，3.5D1≤H12≤4.5D1。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，所述引射段具有入口端和出口端，所述入口端的最大宽度大于等于所述出口端的最大宽度，以及所述入口端的最大宽度大于等于18mm。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，所述入口端具有弧形截面，所述弧形截面由所述入口端的中心向所述出口端内凹形成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，11mm≤D1≤14mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，所述出气段的长度小于等于30％H1。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，所述燃烧器还包括分 气装置，所述分气装置设置于各所述引射管的下方，所述分气装置内限定有多个燃气通道，所述分气装置还包括多个喷嘴，所述分气装置通过所述喷嘴与所述引射管连通，所述喷嘴的直径为D0，其中，D1＝2D0。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，所述分火器包括对称设置的第一壳体和第二壳体，所述引射管的气体通道由所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体围成；所述分流器包括对称设置的第一凹部和第二凹部，所述第一凹部由所述第一壳体向所述引射管的腔体凹陷而形成，所述第二凹部由所述第二壳体向所述引射管的腔体凹陷而形成，所述第一凹部和所述第二凹部之间限定有气体通道；所述分火器还包括顶板，盖合于所述引射管的上方，所述顶板开设有多个火孔；以及所述第一壳体扣合所述第二壳体，所述顶板扣合所述第一壳体以及所述第二壳体。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的燃烧器，其特征在于，所述分流器还包括至少两个通孔，所述通孔设置于相邻两个所述引射管之间，用于供冷水管通过，并与所述冷水管紧密接触。
  10. 一种热水器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9任一项所述的燃烧器。
PCT/CN2018/091102 2018-05-15 2018-06-13 燃烧器及应用其的热水器 WO2019218414A1 (zh)

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