WO2019205775A1 - 一种电流传感器 - Google Patents

一种电流传感器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205775A1
WO2019205775A1 PCT/CN2019/075178 CN2019075178W WO2019205775A1 WO 2019205775 A1 WO2019205775 A1 WO 2019205775A1 CN 2019075178 W CN2019075178 W CN 2019075178W WO 2019205775 A1 WO2019205775 A1 WO 2019205775A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnetoresistance
magnetic sensor
sensor unit
output
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PCT/CN2019/075178
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王建国
诸敏
白建民
于方艳
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宁波希磁电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019205775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205775A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
    • G01R15/205—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices using magneto-resistance devices, e.g. field plates

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  • the present application relates to the field of sensor technologies, and in particular, to a current sensor.
  • the prior art discloses a current sensor in which a plurality of magnetic sensor units are disposed around a wire to be tested, and each of the magnetic sensor units includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance in opposite directions of magnetic sensitivity.
  • the adjacent magnetoresistors are connected end to end to form a sensor chain arranged in series, and both ends of the sensor chain serve as an output end of the current sensor.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a current sensor to solve the problem that one of the existing current sensors is damaged, which may cause the entire current sensor to fail to output the measurement result.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a current sensor, comprising: at least three magnetic sensor units arranged around a region to be inspected, wherein the to-be-detected region is used for threading a wire to be tested; each magnetic sensor unit includes: a magnetoresistance; a second magnetoresistance, in series with the first magnetoresistance, two ends of the series connected to the power source respectively; wherein the second magnetoresistance is opposite to the magnetic sensitivity direction of the first magnetoresistance; An output of each magnetic sensor unit is disposed between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance; an output of each of the magnetic sensor units is coupled to an output of at least one of the other magnetic sensor units.
  • the outputs of the at least three sensor units are connected.
  • the current sensor further includes: a first operational amplifier, an output end of the at least three magnetic sensor units being connected to be connected to a first input end of the first operational amplifier, the first operational amplifier The second input is connected to the reference voltage.
  • the at least three magnetic sensor units comprise a first magnetic sensor unit and a second magnetic sensor unit, wherein the first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are connected to a magnetic source of the same potential source
  • the magnetic sensitive direction of the resistor is opposite; the first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are alternately arranged around the area to be detected; the output ends of the first magnetic sensor are connected, The output ends of the second magnetic sensor are connected.
  • the current sensor further includes: a second operational amplifier, wherein an output end of the first magnetic sensor unit is connected and then connected to a first input end of the second operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier The second input terminal is connected between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance in each of the second magnetic sensor units.
  • each of the magnetic sensor units further includes: a third magnetoresistance; a fourth magnetoresistor connected in series with the third magnetoresistance, and two ends connected in series are respectively connected to the two ends of the power source; wherein the fourth magnetoresistance and the third magnetism The magnetic sensitive direction of the resistor is opposite; in each magnetic sensor unit, the magnetic resistance of the magnetoresistance connected to the same potential source is opposite; the first output end of the magnetic sensor unit is disposed at the first magnetoresistance and the second Between the magnetoresistors, a second output end is disposed between the third magnetoresistance and the fourth magnetoresistance; a first output end of each magnetic sensor unit is connected, and a second output end is connected.
  • the current sensor further includes: a third operational amplifier, wherein the first output end of each magnetic sensor unit is connected to the first input end of the third operational amplifier, and the first input of each magnetic sensor unit The two outputs are connected to the second input of the third operational amplifier.
  • the at least three magnetic sensor units are evenly arranged around the to-be-detected area according to a predetermined geometric figure, and the predetermined geometric figure comprises a circle, an ellipse or a center-symmetric polygon.
  • each magnetic sensor unit is respectively connected to two ends of the power source, and the output end of the magnetic sensor unit is disposed between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance, so that the magnetic in the plurality of magnetic sensor units The resistors are actually arranged in parallel. Even if one magnetic sensor unit is damaged, the remaining magnetic sensors can still work normally and output measurement results.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a current sensor in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a current sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of another current sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a signal processing module according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the simulation
  • Figure 6 shows the results of the simulation performed in the manner shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 shows another simulation diagram
  • Figure 8 shows the results of simulation performed in the manner shown in Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of another current sensor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of another signal processing module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of another current sensor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of another signal processing module in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
  • each magnetic sensor unit is respectively connected to two ends of the power source, and the output end of the magnetic sensor unit is disposed between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance, so that the magnetic in the plurality of magnetic sensor units The resistors are actually arranged in parallel. Even if one magnetic sensor unit is damaged, the remaining magnetic sensors can still work normally and output measurement results.
  • the magnetic sensor unit is arranged around the area to be detected, and the area to be detected is used to pierce the wire to be tested.
  • the current sensor measures the magnetic induction intensity at a position around the wire to be tested by a magnetic sensor arranged around the wire to be tested, and obtains a line integral of the magnetic induction along a closed path around the wire to be tested by discretization, thereby The current value of the wire to be tested surrounded by the closed path is obtained, and the measured value of the current sensor is not affected by the position error of the wire to be tested, and is not interfered by the external magnetic field (the measured value is only related to the current value in the closed figure) ).
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a current sensor, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, comprising at least three magnetic sensor units arranged around a region to be inspected for piercing a wire to be tested.
  • Each of the magnetic sensor units includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance.
  • the first magnetoresistance is connected in series with the second magnetoresistance.
  • the two ends of the series are respectively connected to the two ends of the power source, and the second magnetoresistance and the magnetism of the first magnetoresistance The opposite direction is sensitive.
  • the output of each magnetic sensor unit is disposed between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance. The outputs of these magnetic sensor units are connected.
  • the magnetic sensor units 10a-10h are arranged around the wire A to be tested in a closed pattern, which may be a circular, elliptical or centrally symmetrical polygon or the like.
  • the magnetic sensor unit 10a includes a first magnetoresistive resistor 11a and a second magnetoresistive resistor 12a.
  • the resistance of the first magnetoresistive resistor 11a increases as the magnetic induction intensity at the position thereof increases (ie, the positive sensitive direction), and the second magnetoresistance
  • the resistance of 12a decreases as the magnetic induction intensity at the position thereof increases (ie, the negative sensitive direction); or, the resistance of the first magnetoresistive resistor 11a decreases as the magnetic induction intensity at the position thereof increases ( That is, the negative sensitive direction), the resistance of the second magnetoresistive resistor 12a increases as the magnetic induction intensity at the position thereof increases (ie, the positive sensitive direction).
  • the remaining magnetic sensor units 10b-10h are also arranged as such.
  • the output terminals Vo of the magnetic sensors 10a-10h are connected together.
  • Vcc is the power supply voltage (ie, VCC in the drawing of the present application), and n is the number of magnetic sensor units.
  • the output ends of the current sensors provided by the embodiments of the present application can better suppress the error caused by the positional deviation of the wires to be tested or the external uniform magnetic field.
  • the magnetic sensor unit is arranged in a circular shape with a radius of 25 cm, and the position of the wire to be tested is deviated from a certain position of the center of the circle (as shown in FIG. 5), and the positional deviation can be obtained.
  • the relationship between the amount and the measurement error of the current sensor is shown in Fig. 6. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that the output ends of the magnetic sensor units are connected such that the parallel connection of the plurality of magnetoresistors can better suppress the error caused by the positional deviation of the wires to be tested, and the more the number of magnetic sensor units, the more the effect of suppressing the error is. it is good.
  • the output terminals Vo of the magnetic sensors 10a-10h can be directly used as the output terminals after being connected.
  • the output terminal Vo is connected to the first input end of the first operational amplifier, and the second input end of the first operational amplifier is connected to the reference voltage. Vref. Amplifying the output signal Vo by an operational amplifier can make its value easier to acquire.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a current sensor, as shown in FIG. 9, including at least three magnetic sensor units, which are arranged around the area to be detected, and the area to be detected is used to pierce the wire to be tested.
  • Each of the magnetic sensor units includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance.
  • the first magnetoresistance is connected in series with the second magnetoresistance.
  • the two ends of the series are respectively connected to the two ends of the power source, and the second magnetoresistance and the magnetism of the first magnetoresistance The opposite direction is sensitive.
  • the output of each magnetic sensor unit is disposed between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance.
  • the at least three magnetic sensor units include a first magnetic sensor unit and a second magnetic sensor unit, wherein magnetic resistances of the magnetoresistors connected to the same potential source of the first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are opposite in direction.
  • the first magnetic sensor unit and the second magnetic sensor unit are arranged alternately around each other around the area to be inspected.
  • the output ends of the first magnetic sensor are connected, and the output ends of the second magnetic sensor are connected.
  • 11x in 10x is the first magnetoresistance
  • 12x is the second magnetoresistance, where x is any one of a-h.
  • the magnetic sensor units 10a-10h, 10a, 10c, 10e, 10g are first magnetic sensor units whose first magnetoresistance is in a positive magnetic sensitive direction, and are both connected to VCC (ie, the first potential source), and the second magnetoresistance It is a negative magnetic sensitive direction and is connected to GND (ie, a second potential source);
  • 10b, 10d, 10f, 10h are second magnetic sensor units whose first magnetoresistance is in a negative magnetic sensitive direction and are both connected to VCC ( That is, the first potential source), the second magnetoresistance is in the positive magnetic sensitive direction, and both are connected to GND (ie, the second potential source), as opposed to the first magnetic sensor unit.
  • the digital signal processor and the embedded processor may be connected.
  • the output of the first magnetic sensor unit is connected (Vo1 in FIG. 9) to the first input terminal of the second operational amplifier, and the output of the second magnetic sensor unit After the terminals are connected (Vo2 in FIG. 9), the second input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected, and the operational amplifier is configured as a differential amplifier, which can amplify and output the difference between the signals of the first input terminal and the second input terminal. .
  • the output ends of the current sensors provided in the embodiments of the present application are connected to each other, which can better suppress the positional deviation of the wires to be tested or the errors caused by the external uniform magnetic field.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a current sensor, as shown in FIG. 11, including at least three magnetic sensor units, which are arranged around the area to be detected, and the area to be detected is used to penetrate the wire to be tested.
  • Each of the magnetic sensor units includes a first magnetoresistance and a second magnetoresistance.
  • the first magnetoresistance is connected in series with the second magnetoresistance.
  • the two ends of the series are respectively connected to the two ends of the power source, and the second magnetoresistance and the magnetism of the first magnetoresistance The opposite direction is sensitive.
  • the output of each magnetic sensor unit is disposed between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance.
  • Each of the magnetic sensor units further includes a third magnetoresistance and a fourth magnetoresistance, and the third magnetoresistance and the fourth magnetoresistor are connected in series, and the two ends of the series are respectively connected to the two ends of the power source.
  • the magnetic resistance of the fourth magnetoresistance and the third magnetoresistance are opposite.
  • the magnetic resistance of the magnetoresistances connected to the same potential source is opposite.
  • the first output end of the magnetic sensor unit is disposed between the first magnetoresistance and the second magnetoresistance, and the second output end is disposed between the third magnetoresistance and the fourth magnetoresistance. The first output end of each magnetic sensor unit is connected, and the second output end is connected.
  • the magnetic sensor units 20a-20d are arranged around the area to be detected, for the magnetic sensor unit 20y (where y may be a, b, c or d), which includes the first magnetoresistance 21y, The second magnetoresistive resistor 22y, the third magnetoresistance 23y, and the fourth magnetoresistive resistor 24y.
  • the first magnetoresistance 21y and the fourth magnetoresistive resistor 24y are both positive magnetic sensitive directions
  • the second magnetoresistance 22y and the third magnetoresistance 23y are both negative magnetic sensitive directions.
  • the first magnetoresistive resistor 21y and the third magnetoresistive resistor 23y are connected to the same potential source (VCC), and the second magnetoresistive resistor 22y and the fourth magnetoresistive resistor 24y are connected to the same potential source (GND).
  • the first output end is disposed between the first magnetoresistive resistor 21y and the second magnetoresistive resistor 22y, and the second output terminal is disposed between the third magnetoresistive resistor 23y and the fourth magnetoresistive resistor 24y.
  • the first output of each magnetic sensor unit is connected (V+ in Fig. 11), and the second output of each magnetic sensor unit is connected (V- in Fig. 11).
  • the module may be connected to a digital signal processor, an embedded processor, or the like, or Connected to the operational amplifier, the signal of the first output of the magnetic sensor unit and the second output of the magnetic sensor unit is processed to obtain a difference signal as an output value of the current sensor.
  • the operational amplifier When connected to the operational amplifier, as shown in FIG. 12, the first output end of the magnetic sensor unit is connected (V+ in FIG. 11) is connected to the first input end of the third operational amplifier, and the second output end of the magnetic sensor unit is connected. Connected (V- in Figure 11) to the second input of the third operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is configured as a differential amplifier that amplifies and outputs the difference between the first input and the second input .
  • the output ends of the current sensors provided in the embodiments of the present application are connected to each other, which can better suppress the positional deviation of the wires to be tested or the errors caused by the external uniform magnetic field.

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Abstract

一种电流传感器，包括：至少三个磁传感器单元（10a-10h），环绕排布在待检测区域周围，所述待检测区域用于穿设待测导线（A）；每个磁传感器单元包括：第一磁电阻（11a）；第二磁电阻（12a），与所述第一磁电阻（11a）串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端；其中，所述第二磁电阻（12a）与所述第一磁电阻（11a）的磁敏感方向相反；每个磁传感器单元的输出端（Vo）设置于所述第一磁电阻（11a）和所述第二磁电阻（12a）之间；每个磁传感器单元的输出端（Vo）与其他磁传感器单元中至少一者的输出端（Vo）相接。通过该电流传感器，多个磁传感器单元中的磁电阻实际上是并联设置的关系，即使有一个磁传感器单元损坏，其余磁传感器依然能够正常工作并输出测量结果。

Description

一种电流传感器 技术领域
本申请涉及传感器技术领域，具体涉及一种电流传感器。
背景技术
电流传感器广泛应用于新能源、智能交通、工业控制、智能家电以及智能电网等领域。
如图1所示，现有技术公开了一种电流传感器，多个磁传感器单元环绕设置在待测导线的周围，每个磁传感器单元包括磁敏感方向相反的第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，相邻的磁电阻首尾相连而形成串联设置的传感器链，传感器链的两端作为该电流传感器的输出端。
然而，串联而成的传感器链中，一旦有一个磁电阻损坏，则会使整个电流传感器无法输出测量结果。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种电流传感器，以解决现有电流传感器中一个磁电阻损坏会导致整个电流传感器无法输出测量结果的问题。
本申请实施例提供了一种电流传感器，包括：至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，所述待检测区域用于穿设待测导线；每个磁传感器单元包括：第一磁电阻；第二磁电阻，与所述第一磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端；其中，所述第二磁电阻与所述第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于所述第一磁电阻和所述第二磁电阻之间；每个磁传感器单元的输出端与其他磁传感器单元中至少一者的输出端相接。
可选地，所述至少三个传感器单元的输出端相接。
可选地，所述电流传感器还包括：第一运算放大器，所述至少三个磁 传感器单元的输出端相接后连接至所述第一运算放大器的第一输入端，所述第一运算放大器的第二输入端连接参考电压。
可选地，所述至少三个磁传感器单元包括第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元，其中，所述第一磁传感器单元和所述第二磁传感器单元中连接至相同电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；所述第一磁传感器单元和所述第二磁传感器单元相互交错地环绕排布在所述待检测区域周围；所述第一磁传感器的输出端相接，所述第二磁传感器的输出端相接。
可选地，所述电流传感器还包括：第二运算放大器，所述第一磁传感器单元的输出端相接后连接至所述第二运算放大器的第一输入端连接，所述第二运算放大器的第二输入端连接至每个第二磁传感器单元中第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。
可选地，每个磁传感器单元还包括：第三磁电阻；第四磁电阻，与第三磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端；其中，第四磁电阻与第三磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；每个磁传感器单元中，连接同一电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；所述磁传感器单元的第一输出端设置于所述第一磁电阻和所述第二磁电阻之间，第二输出端设置于所述第三磁电阻和所述第四磁电阻之间；每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接，第二输出端相接。
可选地，所述电流传感器还包括：第三运算放大器，每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接后连接至所述第三运算放大器的第一输入端，每个磁传感器单元的第二输出端相接后连接至第三运算放大器的第二输入端。
可选地，所述至少三个磁传感器单元按照预定几何图形均匀排布在所述待检测区域周围，所述预定几何图形包括圆、椭圆或中心对称的多边形。
本申请实施例提供的电流传感器，每个磁传感器单元分别连接至电源两端，磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间，从而多个磁传感器单元中的磁电阻实际上是并联设置的关系，即使有一个磁传感器单元损坏，其余磁传感器依然能够正常工作并输出测量结果。
附图说明
通过参考附图会更加清楚的理解本申请的特征和优点，附图是示意性的而不应理解为对本申请进行任何限制，在附图中：
图1示出了现有技术中电流传感器的示意图；
图2示出了根据本申请实施例的一种电流传感器的示意图；
图3示出了根据本申请实施例的另一种电流传感器的示意图；
图4示出了根据本申请实施例的一种信号处理模块的示意图；
图5示出了一种仿真示意图；
图6示出了根据图5所示方式进行仿真的结果；
图7示出了另一种仿真示意图；
图8示出了根据图7所示方式进行仿真的结果；
图9示出了根据本申请实施例的另一种电流传感器的示意图；
图10示出了根据本申请实施例的另一种信号处理模块的示意图；
图11示出了根据本申请实施例的另一种电流传感器的示意图；
图12示出了根据本申请实施例的另一种信号处理模块的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供的电流传感器，每个磁传感器单元分别连接至电源两端，磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间，从而多个磁传感器单元中的磁电阻实际上是并联设置的关系，即使有一个磁传感器单元损坏，其余磁传感器依然能够正常工作并输出测量结果。
此外，本申请实施例提供的电流传感器中，磁传感器单元环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导线。根据“磁场的安培环路定理”：磁感应强度B沿任何闭合路径的线积分，等于这闭合路径所包围 的各个电流的代数和乘以磁导率”，即∫B.d1＝μI。本申请实施例所提供的电流传感器通过环绕排布在待测导线周围的磁传感器测量其所在位置处的磁感应强度，通过离散化的方式获取磁感应强度沿待测导线周围的闭合路径的线积分，从而可以求取闭合路径所包围的待测导线的电流值，并且该电流传感器的测量值不受待测导线位置误差的影响，也不受外界磁场的干扰(测量值仅与闭合图形内的电流值有关)。
实施例一
本申请实施例提供了一种电流传感器，如图2和图3所示，包括至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导线。每个磁传感器单元包括第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，第一磁电阻与第二磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端，并且第二磁电阻与第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。这些磁传感器单元的输出端连接。
如图2和图3所示，磁传感器单元10a-10h按照闭合图形环绕排布在待测导线A周围，该闭合图形可以为圆形、椭圆形或中心对称的多边形等。磁传感器单元10a包括第一磁电阻11a和第二磁电阻12a，第一磁电阻11a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而增大(即正敏感方向)，第二磁电阻12a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而减小(即负敏感方向)；或者，第一磁电阻11a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而减小(即负敏感方向)，第二磁电阻12a的阻值随着其所在位置处磁感应强度的增大而增大(即正敏感方向)。其余磁传感器单元10b-10h也如此设置。磁传感器10a-10h的输出端Vo相接在一起。
本申请实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接，还能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。理由如下：
以磁传感器单元以待检测区域为圆心，在待测导线周围排布成圆形阵列为例，假设第一磁电阻的阻值为R 1＝R 0+k·B i，其中R 0为第一磁电阻在磁感应强度为零时的阻值，B i为第一磁电阻所在处的磁感应强度，k为第一磁 电阻的变化率；第二磁电阻的阻值为R 2＝R 0-k·B j，其中R 0为第二磁电阻在磁感应强度为零时的阻值(磁感应强度为零时，第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻的阻值相等)，B j为第二磁电阻所在处的磁感应强度，k为第二磁电阻的变化率。则所有磁传感器单元的输出端相接后输出的信号为
Figure PCTCN2019075178-appb-000001
其中，Vcc为电源电压(即本申请附图中的VCC)，n为磁传感器单元的个数。
如果待测导线位于圆形阵列的圆心位置无偏移，则各个磁传感器单元处的磁感应强度相等，假设为B 0，则输出可简化为
Figure PCTCN2019075178-appb-000002
如果待测导线偏离圆心位置，或受到外部均匀磁场的影响，则
Figure PCTCN2019075178-appb-000003
其中，δB i为第i个磁传感器单元相比与待测导线无偏移时的磁感应强度变化量。由于R 0远大于电阻改变量k·B，对公式(3)取一阶近似为
Figure PCTCN2019075178-appb-000004
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019075178-appb-000005
是n个磁传感器单元所在位置出磁感应强度变化量的平均值。 这里，
Figure PCTCN2019075178-appb-000006
因此可以得到
Figure PCTCN2019075178-appb-000007
也即本申请实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。
此外，在实验数据方面，根据上述公式(1)，以磁传感器单元按照半径为25cm的圆形排列，待测导线位置偏离圆心一定位置(如图5所示)进行仿真，可得位置偏移量与电流传感器的测量误差之间的关系如图6所示。由图6可以看出，磁传感器单元的输出端相连使得多个磁电阻并联可以较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移带来的误差，并且磁传感器单元的数量越多，抑制误差的效果越好。
另外，根据上述公式(1)，以待测导线旁边有一通以相同电流的导线、且两根导线相距50mm(如图7)进行仿真，外部导线产生的误差如图8所示。由8可以看出，磁传感器单元的输出端相连使得多个磁电阻并联可以较好地抑制外部电流所产生磁场带来的误差，并且磁传感器单元的数量越多，抑制误差的效果越好。
需要说明的是，磁传感器10a-10h的输出端Vo相接后可以直接作为输出端。或者，作为本实施例的一种可选实施方式，如图4所示，输出端Vo相接后连接至第一运算放大器的第一输入端，第一运算放大器的第二输入端连接参考电压Vref。通过运算放大器对输出信号Vo进行放大能够使其数值更容易获取。
实施例二
本申请实施例提供了一种电流传感器，如图9所示，包括至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导线。每个磁传感器单元包括第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，第一磁电阻与第二磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端，并且第二磁电阻与第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。
至少三个磁传感器单元包括第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元， 其中，第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元中连接至相同电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元相互交错地环绕排布在待检测区域周围。第一磁传感器的输出端相接，第二磁传感器的输出端相接。
如图9所示，10x中的11x为第一磁电阻，12x为第二磁电阻，其中x为a-h中任意一者。磁传感器单元10a-10h中，10a、10c、10e、10g为第一磁传感器单元，其第一磁电阻为正磁敏感方向，并且均连接至VCC(即第一电位源)，第二磁电阻为负磁敏感方向，并且均连接至GND(即第二电位源)；10b、10d、10f、10h为第二磁传感器单元，其第一磁电阻为负磁敏感方向，并且均连接至VCC(即第一电位源)，第二磁电阻为正磁敏感方向，并且均连接至GND(即第二电位源)，与第一磁传感器单元相反。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的电流传感器中的第一磁传感器单元的输出端相接、第二磁传感器单元的输出端相接后，可以连接至数字信号处理器、嵌入式处理器等模块，或者连接至运算放大器，对第一磁传感器输出信号与第二磁传感器输出信号进行处理得到差值信号作为电流传感器的输出值。
当连接至运算放大器时，如图10所示，第一磁传感器单元的输出端相接后(图9中的Vo1)连接至第二运算放大器的第一输入端，第二磁传感器单元的输出端相接后(图9中的Vo2)连接至第二运算放大器的第二输入端，运算放大器被配置为差分放大器，可将第一输入端、第二输入端信号的差值进行放大并输出。
本申请实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接，能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。具体请参见实施例一，区别在于，本申请实施例提供的电流传感器的输出电压Vo2-Vo1＝2*(Vo-Vcc/2)。
实施例三
本申请实施例提供了一种电流传感器，如图11所示，包括至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，该待检测区域用于穿设待测导 线。每个磁传感器单元包括第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻，第一磁电阻与第二磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端，并且第二磁电阻与第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。
每个磁传感器单元还包括第三磁电阻和第四磁电阻，第三磁电阻和第四磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端。其中，第四磁电阻与第三磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。每个磁传感器单元中，连接同一电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反。磁传感器单元的第一输出端设置于第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间，第二输出端设置于第三磁电阻和第四磁电阻之间。每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接，第二输出端相接。
如图11所示，磁传感器单元20a-20d环绕排布在待检测区域周围，对于磁传感器单元20y为例(其中y可以为a、b、c或d)，其包括第一磁电阻21y、第二磁电阻22y、第三磁电阻23y和第四磁电阻24y。第一磁电阻21y和第四磁电阻24y均为正磁敏感方向，第二磁电阻22y和第三磁电阻23y均为负磁敏感方向。第一磁电阻21y和第三磁电阻23y连接至同一电位源(VCC)，第二磁电阻22y和第四磁电阻24y连接至同一电位源(GND)。第一输出端设置于第一磁电阻21y和第二磁电阻22y之间，第二输出端设置于第三磁电阻23y和第四磁电阻24y之间。每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接(图11中的V+)，每个磁传感器单元的第二输出端相接(图11中的V-)。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的电流传感器中，磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接、第二输出端相接后，可以连接至数字信号处理器、嵌入式处理器等模块，或者连接至运算放大器，对磁传感器单元第一输出端与磁传感器单元第二输出端的信号进行处理得到差值信号作为电流传感器的输出值。
当连接至运算放大器时，如图12所示，磁传感器单元第一输出端相接后(图11中的V+)连接至第三运算放大器的第一输入端，磁传感器单元第二输出端相接后(图11中的V-)连接至第三运算放大器的第二输入端， 运算放大器被配置为差分放大器，可将其第一输入端、第二输入端信号的差值进行放大并输出。
本申请实施例提供的电流传感器的输出端相接，能够较好地抑制待测导线位置偏移或外部均匀磁场带来的误差。具体请参见实施例一，区别在于，本申请实施例提供的电流传感器的输出电压V+-V-＝2*(Vo-Vcc/2)。
虽然结合附图描述了本申请的实施例，但是本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下作出各种修改和变型，这样的修改和变型均落入由所附权利要求所限定的范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种电流传感器，其特征在于，包括：
    至少三个磁传感器单元，环绕排布在待检测区域周围，所述待检测区域用于穿设待测导线；每个磁传感器单元包括：
    第一磁电阻；
    第二磁电阻，与所述第一磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端；其中，所述第二磁电阻与所述第一磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；
    每个磁传感器单元的输出端设置于所述第一磁电阻和所述第二磁电阻之间；
    每个磁传感器单元的输出端与其他磁传感器单元中至少一者的输出端相接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电流传感器，其特征在于，所述至少三个传感器单元的输出端相接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电流传感器，其特征在于，所述电流传感器还包括：
    第一运算放大器，所述至少三个磁传感器单元的输出端相接后连接至所述第一运算放大器的第一输入端，所述第一运算放大器的第二输入端连接参考电压。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电流传感器，其特征在于，所述至少三个磁传感器单元包括第一磁传感器单元和第二磁传感器单元，其中，所述第一磁传感器单元和所述第二磁传感器单元中连接至相同电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；
    所述第一磁传感器单元和所述第二磁传感器单元相互交错地环绕排布在所述待检测区域周围；
    所述第一磁传感器的输出端相接，所述第二磁传感器的输出端相接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电流传感器，其特征在于，所述电流传感器还包括：
    第二运算放大器，所述第一磁传感器单元的输出端相接后连接至所述 第二运算放大器的第一输入端连接，所述第二运算放大器的第二输入端连接至每个第二磁传感器单元中第一磁电阻和第二磁电阻之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电流传感器，其特征在于，每个磁传感器单元还包括：
    第三磁电阻；
    第四磁电阻，与第三磁电阻串联，串联后的两端分别连接电源两端；其中，第四磁电阻与第三磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；
    每个磁传感器单元中，连接同一电位源的磁电阻的磁敏感方向相反；
    所述磁传感器单元的第一输出端设置于所述第一磁电阻和所述第二磁电阻之间，第二输出端设置于所述第三磁电阻和所述第四磁电阻之间；
    每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接，第二输出端相接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电流传感器，其特征在于，所述电流传感器还包括：
    第三运算放大器，每个磁传感器单元的第一输出端相接后连接至所述第三运算放大器的第一输入端，每个磁传感器单元的第二输出端相接后连接至第三运算放大器的第二输入端。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的电流传感器，其特征在于，所述至少三个磁传感器单元按照预定几何图形均匀排布在所述待检测区域周围，所述预定几何图形包括圆、椭圆或中心对称的多边形。
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CN102419393A (zh) * 2011-12-30 2012-04-18 江苏多维科技有限公司 一种电流传感器
WO2015107948A1 (ja) * 2014-01-15 2015-07-23 株式会社村田製作所 磁気センサ
CN105353192A (zh) * 2015-11-19 2016-02-24 无锡乐尔科技有限公司 一种电流传感器
CN108398588A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2018-08-14 宁波希磁电子科技有限公司 一种电流传感器
CN208172078U (zh) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-30 宁波希磁电子科技有限公司 一种电流传感器

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