WO2019203654A1 - Apparatus for irradiation of an external fish parasite and a method for use of the apparatus - Google Patents

Apparatus for irradiation of an external fish parasite and a method for use of the apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019203654A1
WO2019203654A1 PCT/NO2019/050068 NO2019050068W WO2019203654A1 WO 2019203654 A1 WO2019203654 A1 WO 2019203654A1 NO 2019050068 W NO2019050068 W NO 2019050068W WO 2019203654 A1 WO2019203654 A1 WO 2019203654A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fish
infrared light
micrometres
wavelength
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2019/050068
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Morten BERGSLIEN
Eivind HELLAND
Original Assignee
Blue Planet As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blue Planet As filed Critical Blue Planet As
Publication of WO2019203654A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019203654A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for treating fish infected with an external parasite. More specifically, the invention relates to an apparatus for irradiating fish with infrared light to remove external parasites attached to the fish. The invention also relates to a method for removing external parasites attached to fish by using infrared light.
  • Another method that is used is bathing infected fish in warm/heated water (about
  • a final example of a treating method is the use of laser pulses. This method is effective at close range and with a limited number of lice.
  • Document DE102017000809 discloses an apparatus for treating fish against, i.a., salmon lice by using infrared light across the entire infrared wave range (wavelengths of between 0.7 and 1000 micrometres).
  • the invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art or at least provide a useful alternative to the prior art.
  • the invention relates more specifically to an apparatus for treating a fish infected with an external parasite, the apparatus comprising:
  • the at least one light source is configured to irradiate the fish with an infrared light with a wavelength of between 0.7 and 3 micrometres.
  • the invention has the effect of the infrared light being able to penetrate the parasites, thereby heating them so that they let go of the fish.
  • the fact that infrared light can pene trate the parasites results in them becoming weakened and/or becoming injured and/or moribund.
  • the weakening and/or injure may be so extensive that they let go of the fish. Death will also entail the parasites letting go of the fish.
  • the parasite letting go of the fish must be understood as the parasite falling off the fish.
  • the time of exposure may deter mine whether the parasites are weakened or injured or moribund. A shorter time of expo sure, for example ten seconds, may cause weakening or injure.
  • This embodiment has the effect of the infrared light possibly weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites more efficiently as the wavelength spectrum has been nar rowed towards the wavelengths that penetrate deeper into the parasite.
  • the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.8 and 2.5 mi crometres.
  • This embodiment has the effect of the infrared light possibly weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites still more efficiently as the wavelength spectrum has been narrowed towards the wavelengths that penetrate even deeper into the parasite
  • the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.9 and 2.5 mi- crometres. This embodiment has the effect of the infrared light possibly weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites more efficiently still as the wavelength spectrum has been narrowed towards the wavelengths that penetrate further into the parasite.
  • the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.9 and 1 .5 mi crometres or a wavelength of between 2 and 2.5 micrometres.
  • This embodiment has the effect of allowing the infrared light to have two different wavelength ranges, each range spanning between the wavelengths that can penetrate the deepest into the parasites, and thus weaken and/or injure and/or kill the parasites the most efficiently.
  • the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.9 and 1.5 micrometres.
  • the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 2 and 2.5 mi- crometres.
  • the apparatus may include a second chamber for flushing the fish, wherein the second chamber is placed between the treatment chamber and the outlet.
  • This embodiment has the effect of the parasites being flushed from the fish before the fish leaves the apparatus. In some cases, the parasites will not necessarily fall off the fish, even if they let go of the surface of the fish. Flushing will then be a practical way of remov ing the parasites from the fish.
  • the second chamber may be provided with nozzles which are supplied with water from a reservoir. In one embodiment, the water from the second chamber may be transported away together with the water from the draining unit.
  • the invention relates more specifically to a method for treating a fish infected with an external parasite by using the apparatus according to any one of the pre ceding claims, the method comprising the steps of:
  • Figure 1 shows a simplified drawing of the apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates an apparatus for treating a fish (not shown) infected by a parasite (not shown).
  • the apparatus 1 includes an inlet channel 2 for carrying the fish from a water, such as a sea, into a draining unit 3.
  • the inlet channel 2 may include a pump 20.
  • the pump 20 may create suction at a first end 21 of the inlet channel 2, bringing the fish through the inlet channel 2.
  • the inlet channel 2 is connected to a draining unit 3.
  • the draining unit 3 separates the fish from the water entering with the fish via the inlet channel 2.
  • the water flows down through a grid 30.
  • Parasites may fall off the fish within the draining unit 3. These parasites are removed together with the water.
  • the draining unit 3 is shown comprising a second grid 31.
  • the second grid 31 may remove the parasites from the water.
  • the draining unit 3 is further connected to a treatment chamber 4.
  • the fish may be carried from the draining unit 3 into the treatment chamber 4.
  • One or more light sources are placed within the treatment chamber 4.
  • the light source(s) may deliver infra- red light (IR light) at a wavelength of between 0.7 and 3 micrometres. In one embodiment, a wavelength range may vary within the given range.
  • the IR light may weaken and/or injure and/or kill parasites attached to the fish. It has been found in tests that IR light within the given range is the most effective with respect to weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites. IR light with a wavelength longer than 3 micrometres gives off most of its energy as heat to the surroundings and is thus unsuita ble for treating fish against external parasites. IR light can be divided into three categories: IR-A, IR-B and IR-C. IR-A has a wavelength of between 0.7 and 1.4 micrometres. IR-B has a wavelength of between 1 .4 and 3 micrometres. IR-C has a wavelength of between 3 and 1000 micrometres. It may be deduced from this then that IR-C is left out of the inven tion.
  • the fish may be returned to the water through an outlet 5.
  • the outlet 5 is shown comprising a pump 50.
  • the apparatus 1 includes a second chamber 6 for flushing the fish before it is carried to the outlet 5.
  • parasites may be flushed away from the surface of the fish.
  • the second chamber 6 includes nozzles (not shown) which are supplied with water from a reservoir (not shown). After flushing, the water may be carried away together with the water from the draining unit 3.
  • the second grid 31 is shown extending under the second chamber 6 so that parasites that are flushed off the fish can be separated from the water before the latter is transported away. It must be un derstood that flushing the fish may be done in other ways than by using nozzles, for ex ample with perforated pipes.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus (1) for treating a fish infected with an external parasite is described, the ap-paratus (1) comprising: - an inlet channel (2) for the fish; - a draining unit (3) for draining a water; - a treatment chamber (4); - at least one light source placed inside the treatment chamber (4) for irradiating the fish; and - an outlet (5), wherein the at least one light source is configured to irradiate the fish with an infrared light with a wavelength of between 0.7 and 3 micrometres. A method for using the apparatus (1) is described as well.

Description

APPARATUS FOR IRRADIATION OF AN EXTERNAL FISH PARASITE AND A METHOD FOR USE OF THE APPARATUS
The invention relates to an apparatus for treating fish infected with an external parasite. More specifically, the invention relates to an apparatus for irradiating fish with infrared light to remove external parasites attached to the fish. The invention also relates to a method for removing external parasites attached to fish by using infrared light.
The occurrence of parasites is a great challenge in the case of fish-farming. In particular, infection by salmon lice is known to be a challenge in the production of salmon. Such in fections may be lethal to the salmon if not treated. Several methods of treating salmon against lice have been tested. However, it has turned out that lice, which resemble other parasites with a short generation span and a great reproduction potential, build up re sistance to chemicals and medicines that are used against them.
In addition to chemicals and medicines, organisms like wrasse and lumpfish have been used successfully to biologically combat lice. However, it is clear that this is not sufficient to eliminate the problem.
Another method that is used is bathing infected fish in warm/heated water (about
30-35 °C). One example of an apparatus used in such a method is a so-called Thermo- licer. It is clear that lice also build a tolerance to warm water.
A final example of a treating method is the use of laser pulses. This method is effective at close range and with a limited number of lice.
Document DE102017000809 discloses an apparatus for treating fish against, i.a., salmon lice by using infrared light across the entire infrared wave range (wavelengths of between 0.7 and 1000 micrometres). The invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art or at least provide a useful alternative to the prior art.
The object is achieved through the features that are specified in the description below and in the claims that follow. The invention is defined by the independent claims. The dependent claims define advan tageous embodiments of the invention.
In a first aspect, the invention relates more specifically to an apparatus for treating a fish infected with an external parasite, the apparatus comprising:
- an inlet channel for the fish;
- a draining unit for draining water;
- a treatment chamber;
- at least one light source placed inside the treatment chamber for irradiating the fish; and
- an outlet,
wherein the at least one light source is configured to irradiate the fish with an infrared light with a wavelength of between 0.7 and 3 micrometres.
The invention has the effect of the infrared light being able to penetrate the parasites, thereby heating them so that they let go of the fish. The fact that infrared light can pene trate the parasites results in them becoming weakened and/or becoming injured and/or moribund. The weakening and/or injure may be so extensive that they let go of the fish. Death will also entail the parasites letting go of the fish. The parasite letting go of the fish must be understood as the parasite falling off the fish. The time of exposure may deter mine whether the parasites are weakened or injured or moribund. A shorter time of expo sure, for example ten seconds, may cause weakening or injure. A longer time of expo sure, for example 20 seconds, may cause death. Said effect is efficiently achieved with an infrared light having a wavelength of between 0.7 and 3 micrometres. Trials have been done, showing that infrared light with a wavelength longer than 3 micrometres will give off most of its energy as heat into the surroundings before reaching the parasites on the fish. Infrared light like that will therefore not possess sufficient energy to weaken and/or injure and/or kill parasites attached to the surface of the fish as the light reaches the fish. It must be understood that the given wavelength interval may also include the end points 0.7 and 3 micrometres. In one embodiment, the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.8 and 3 mi crometres. This embodiment has the effect of the infrared light possibly weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites more efficiently as the wavelength spectrum has been nar rowed towards the wavelengths that penetrate deeper into the parasite. In one embodiment, the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.8 and 2.5 mi crometres. This embodiment has the effect of the infrared light possibly weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites still more efficiently as the wavelength spectrum has been narrowed towards the wavelengths that penetrate even deeper into the parasite
In one embodiment, the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.9 and 2.5 mi- crometres. This embodiment has the effect of the infrared light possibly weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites more efficiently still as the wavelength spectrum has been narrowed towards the wavelengths that penetrate further into the parasite.
In one embodiment, the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.9 and 1 .5 mi crometres or a wavelength of between 2 and 2.5 micrometres. This embodiment has the effect of allowing the infrared light to have two different wavelength ranges, each range spanning between the wavelengths that can penetrate the deepest into the parasites, and thus weaken and/or injure and/or kill the parasites the most efficiently. In one embodi ment, the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 0.9 and 1.5 micrometres. In another embodiment, the infrared light may have a wavelength of between 2 and 2.5 mi- crometres.
In one embodiment, the apparatus may include a second chamber for flushing the fish, wherein the second chamber is placed between the treatment chamber and the outlet. This embodiment has the effect of the parasites being flushed from the fish before the fish leaves the apparatus. In some cases, the parasites will not necessarily fall off the fish, even if they let go of the surface of the fish. Flushing will then be a practical way of remov ing the parasites from the fish. The second chamber may be provided with nozzles which are supplied with water from a reservoir. In one embodiment, the water from the second chamber may be transported away together with the water from the draining unit.
In a second aspect, the invention relates more specifically to a method for treating a fish infected with an external parasite by using the apparatus according to any one of the pre ceding claims, the method comprising the steps of:
- carrying the fish from a sea into the apparatus via the inlet channel;
- separating the fish from a surrounding water in the draining unit; - guiding the fish into the treatment chamber;
- irradiating the fish with infrared light inside the treatment chamber;
- guiding the fish back to the sea via the outlet.
In what follows, an example of a preferred embodiment is described, which is visualized in the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 shows a simplified drawing of the apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention.
The figure is shown in a simplified way, and details that are not important to elucidate what is new in the invention may have been left out in the figure. The various elements in the figure are not necessarily shown to scale.
In what follows, the reference numeral 1 indicates an apparatus for treating a fish (not shown) infected by a parasite (not shown). The apparatus 1 includes an inlet channel 2 for carrying the fish from a water, such as a sea, into a draining unit 3. The inlet channel 2 may include a pump 20. The pump 20 may create suction at a first end 21 of the inlet channel 2, bringing the fish through the inlet channel 2.
The inlet channel 2 is connected to a draining unit 3. The draining unit 3 separates the fish from the water entering with the fish via the inlet channel 2. In this specific exemplary em bodiment, the water flows down through a grid 30. Parasites may fall off the fish within the draining unit 3. These parasites are removed together with the water. The draining unit 3 is shown comprising a second grid 31. The second grid 31 may remove the parasites from the water.
The draining unit 3 is further connected to a treatment chamber 4. The fish may be carried from the draining unit 3 into the treatment chamber 4. One or more light sources (not shown) are placed within the treatment chamber 4. The light source(s) may deliver infra- red light (IR light) at a wavelength of between 0.7 and 3 micrometres. In one embodiment, a wavelength range may vary within the given range.
The IR light may weaken and/or injure and/or kill parasites attached to the fish. It has been found in tests that IR light within the given range is the most effective with respect to weakening and/or injuring and/or killing parasites. IR light with a wavelength longer than 3 micrometres gives off most of its energy as heat to the surroundings and is thus unsuita ble for treating fish against external parasites. IR light can be divided into three categories: IR-A, IR-B and IR-C. IR-A has a wavelength of between 0.7 and 1.4 micrometres. IR-B has a wavelength of between 1 .4 and 3 micrometres. IR-C has a wavelength of between 3 and 1000 micrometres. It may be deduced from this then that IR-C is left out of the inven tion.
From the treatment chamber 4, the fish may be returned to the water through an outlet 5. The outlet 5 is shown comprising a pump 50.
In the embodiment shown, the apparatus 1 includes a second chamber 6 for flushing the fish before it is carried to the outlet 5. In the second chamber 6, parasites may be flushed away from the surface of the fish. The second chamber 6 includes nozzles (not shown) which are supplied with water from a reservoir (not shown). After flushing, the water may be carried away together with the water from the draining unit 3. The second grid 31 is shown extending under the second chamber 6 so that parasites that are flushed off the fish can be separated from the water before the latter is transported away. It must be un derstood that flushing the fish may be done in other ways than by using nozzles, for ex ample with perforated pipes. It should be noted that all the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate the invention, but do not limit it, and persons skilled in the art may construct many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the attached claims. In the claims, reference numbers in brackets are not to be regarded as restrictive.
The use of the verb "to comprise" and its different forms does not exclude the presence of elements or steps that are not mentioned in the claims. The indefinite article "a" or "an" before an element does not exclude the presence of several such elements.
The fact that some features are indicated in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these features cannot be used with advantage.

Claims

C l a i m s
1 . An apparatus (1 ) for treating a fish infected with an external parasite, the appa ratus (1 ) comprising:
- an inlet channel (2) for the fish;
- a draining unit (3) for draining a water;
- a treatment chamber (4);
- at least one light source placed inside the treatment chamber (4) for irradiating the fish; and
- an outlet (5),
c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the at least one light source is config ured to irradiate the fish with an infrared light with a wavelength of between 0.7 and 3 micrometres.
2. The apparatus (1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the infrared light has a wave length of between 0.8 and 3 micrometres.
The apparatus (1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the infrared light has a wave length of between 0.8 and 2.5 micrometres
4. The apparatus (1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the infrared light has a wave length of between 0.9 and 2.5 micrometres.
5. The apparatus (1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the infrared light has a wave length of between 0.9 and 1 .5 micrometres or a wavelength of between 2 and 2.5 micrometres.
6. The apparatus (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, including a second chamber (6) for flushing the fish, the second chamber (6) being placed between the treatment chamber (4) and the outlet (5).
7. A method for treating a fish infected with an external parasite by using the appa ratus (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising the steps of:
- carrying the fish from a water into the apparatus (1 ) via the inlet channel (2);
- separating the fish from a surrounding water in the draining unit (3);
- guiding the fish into the treatment chamber (4);
- irradiating the fish with infrared light inside the treatment chamber (4); and
- guiding the fish back to the water via the outlet (5).
PCT/NO2019/050068 2018-04-17 2019-04-02 Apparatus for irradiation of an external fish parasite and a method for use of the apparatus WO2019203654A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20180523 2018-04-17
NO20180523A NO344245B1 (en) 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Apparatus for irradiating an external fish parasite and procedure for using the apparatus

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022211642A1 (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-10-06 Flatsetsund Engineering AS Module, system and method for delousing fish

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017657A1 (en) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-18 Stephen Edward Jackman Removal of parasites from fish
EP2837284A1 (en) * 2013-08-13 2015-02-18 Grupo Marco S.p.A. Method and device for detaching parasites that adhere to the skin of the fish
DE102017000549B3 (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-11-23 Guido Becker Apparatus and method for controlling salmonidae and other ectoparasites in fish
DE102017000809B3 (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-11-30 Guido Becker Apparatus and method for controlling salmonidae and other ectoparasites in fish

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20110625A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-08-20 Ocea As Lice treatment system and associated procedure for treating lice

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017657A1 (en) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-18 Stephen Edward Jackman Removal of parasites from fish
EP2837284A1 (en) * 2013-08-13 2015-02-18 Grupo Marco S.p.A. Method and device for detaching parasites that adhere to the skin of the fish
DE102017000549B3 (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-11-23 Guido Becker Apparatus and method for controlling salmonidae and other ectoparasites in fish
DE102017000809B3 (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-11-30 Guido Becker Apparatus and method for controlling salmonidae and other ectoparasites in fish

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022211642A1 (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-10-06 Flatsetsund Engineering AS Module, system and method for delousing fish

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