WO2019197701A1 - Robot for refurbishment and repair - Google Patents

Robot for refurbishment and repair Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019197701A1
WO2019197701A1 PCT/ES2019/070252 ES2019070252W WO2019197701A1 WO 2019197701 A1 WO2019197701 A1 WO 2019197701A1 ES 2019070252 W ES2019070252 W ES 2019070252W WO 2019197701 A1 WO2019197701 A1 WO 2019197701A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
robot
rehabilitations
reforms
tool
stringers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2019/070252
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel LORENZO PELLICO
Original Assignee
Evolution Construction System, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evolution Construction System, S.L. filed Critical Evolution Construction System, S.L.
Publication of WO2019197701A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019197701A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/02Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by movement of the arms, e.g. cartesian coordinate type
    • B25J9/023Cartesian coordinate type
    • B25J9/026Gantry-type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/02Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by movement of the arms, e.g. cartesian coordinate type
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F21/00Implements for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F21/02Implements for finishing work on buildings for applying plasticised masses to surfaces, e.g. plastering walls
    • E04F21/06Implements for applying plaster, insulating material, or the like
    • E04F21/08Mechanical implements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a Robot for reforms and rehabilitations that contributes, to the function to which it is intended, advantages and characteristics, which are described in detail below, which represent a remarkable New in the current state of the art.
  • the object of the present invention falls, specifically, in an automated equipment comprising, essentially, a metal structure with three-axis positioning to which different tools can be coupled to perform remotely and / or autonomously practically all tasks necessary in the execution of reforms and rehabilitations for example of buildings or other works, both in internal and external areas as well as on facades, so that it constitutes a robot that works autonomously and, therefore, avoids the need to build scaffolding or supports for the operators and that these should be perched and handle such tools directly on the different surfaces of the building, as it is currently being done.
  • the robot that the invention proposes consists of an automated equipment that essentially comprises a structure with three-axis positioning to which different tools can be coupled to perform building renovation and rehabilitation tasks among others, for example tools such as demolition of construction elements, horizontal surface levelers, vertical surface levelers, construction material extruders, finishing and polishing discs, adhesive and manipulator extruders, or others, applicable in both internal and external areas as well as on facades, so that it constitutes a robot that works autonomously or remotely controlled and, therefore, avoids the need to build or install scaffolding for operators and that these must be perched on them to manually handle such tools directly on the different surfaces of the building, as is currently being done.
  • tools such as demolition of construction elements, horizontal surface levelers, vertical surface levelers, construction material extruders, finishing and polishing discs, adhesive and manipulator extruders, or others, applicable in both internal and external areas as well as on facades, so that it constitutes a robot that works autonomously or remotely controlled and, therefore, avoids the need to build or install scaffolding for operators
  • said structure is a metal structure of profiles, which can be made of aluminum, steel, carbon fiber or other suitable material, which basically comprises a set of parallel, vertical or longitudinal stringers, one or more crossbars, perpendicular to the stringers, and one or more carriages or attachment point where the tool is incorporated, being perpendicularly linked to each other so that they configure a three-axis mobile coordinate system C, U, Z that transport the tool to execute the task for which it was entrusted at any point of the plane in front of which the structure is installed.
  • This structure is moved by a controller that receives signals from engine position sensors and other specific sensors with which each tool is equipped.
  • the structure, as well as its electromechanical parts are easily adapted to the place where its installation is necessary because the profiles that form it are adjustable by a sliding system internally or even by simply assembling more profiles if necessary. It should be understood as an interior a space delimited by walls, floors or other elements.
  • the structure preferably comprises two longitudinal, vertical or horizontal stringers as appropriate, and one or more crossbars that determine, respectively, the X and Y axes through which at least one carriage moves or attachment point of the tool.
  • the mechanical device is arranged that allows the X-axis and the Y-axis to move precisely and controlled via the controller.
  • said mechanical device is composed of a belt and pulley connected to the motor that rotates it.
  • the belt there is an element that fixes the profile or the car that you want to move.
  • This strap can be adjustable to adjust its length according to the adjusted length of the structure.
  • the internal system for movement may vary, and the use of other motorized mechanisms is also possible.
  • the Z axis is located in the carriage or clamping point that loads the tools and is the one that, moving forward or backward, allows the tool to approach or move away from the wall or floor according to the arrangement of the structure.
  • This carriage or clamping point also rotates 360 Q on itself to allow the tool to be placed in a certain position.
  • This Z-axis movement is carried out by means of a telescopic system, so that a continuous piece that can impact with the columns of the Y-axis is not necessary and can be carried out by means of a hydraulic piston, an electric or pneumatic actuator or even with a mechanism electric rack and pinion type ...
  • the main support of the structure that is to say the two longitudinal stringers thereof, have an upper and lower adjustment that allows the structure to be anchored strongly to ceilings and floors or to each other facing walls as the structure is arranged, that is, vertical or horizontally, the crossbar being the one that moves from one end to the other between the stringers and the carriage or attachment point of the tool which moves along said bar and can also rotate on itself.
  • the robot is configured from a conceptually identical structure but large in size, adapted to external areas and vertical or with an inclination greater than 0 Q and which, in addition, is preferably self-assembling and climbing, which does not require the intervention of skilled labor in work at height for its assembly, disassembly and operation.
  • a facade a space not delimited by walls, floors or other elements.
  • the structure in addition to two or more parallel and vertical stringers and at least one bar that respectively constitute the Y and X axes and where the carriage moves with the Z axis that holds the tool, also includes a self-elevating platform that it is raising and auto anchoring the elements of said robot structure to the structure of the building or construction in which you want to work
  • the stringers in this case are made up of a series of columns that would represent the Y axis, which are arranged one above the other and that have in their upper part a plate that is anchored by means of specific screws to the structure of the building.
  • the bar or bars that constitute the X axis are arranged, with the particularity of not being a continuous bar, since, so that the entire X axis can move freely along the Y axis without stumbling over the above-mentioned anchors of the columns to the structure of the building, said X-axis bar is divided into segments in the encounter with each column. And, along this X axis defined by the bar segments, the carriage where the tools are transported is arranged.
  • the car has four pairs of wheels that allow it to go through the encounter that divides the segments of the bar without problems of destabilization or loss of precision, thanks to its configuration as a guide.
  • the controller is responsible for making the car does not collide with the column anchors to the structure of the building, although there are still disconnection systems arranged in the car, so that when the car can go through They disconnect the movement.
  • the Z axis is what makes the tools approach or move away from the wall on which it is necessary to work, this Z axis is transported in the car mentioned above and uses a telescopic system for it, so that a piece is not necessary continuous that can impact with the columns of the Y axis.
  • This telescopic system as with the variant of the structure used for internal surfaces of the building or construction, can be driven by a hydraulic piston, an electric or pneumatic actuator or even with a electric mechanism type rack and pinion structure ...
  • the structure comprises a second crossbar or X axis that operates manually and outside the controller.
  • This second X axis transports a cabin where you can climb a person to identify problems and monitor the tasks that the team is executing.
  • One of the fundamental objectives of the robot of the invention is to prevent human exposure during the assembly or disassembly of the structure, for this, as already noted above, an autonomous system has been devised to raise the columns that constitute the stringers in the variant for facades and fix them to the structure of the building.
  • Said system comprises a lifting platform from which the successive overlapping columns are raised and an anchoring mechanism in this platform that makes the holes in the construction structure on which one wants to work and bolts the anchoring plates of the column to the structure of the building.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show two perspective views of an example of the Robot for reforms and renovations of buildings and other constructions, according to the invention, in its interior variant, installed respectively in an upright position to act on a wall and in horizontal position to act on a floor, appreciating the main parts and elements that it comprises as well as their configuration and arrangement;
  • Figure number 3. Shows an enlarged perspective view of the carriage and / or attachment point of the tool that has the structure of the robot of the invention;
  • Figure number 4 shows an enlarged perspective view of one of the adjustments that incorporate the stringers of the structure to fix it between floor and ceiling or between walls and other opposite elements;
  • Figure number 5. Shows a schematic perspective view of a portion of the structure and the inner mechanical device that moves it;
  • Figure number 6. Shows a perspective view of another example of realization of the Robot for reforms and renovations of buildings and other constructions, according to the invention, in this case in its variant to act on the facade, appreciating the configuration and arrangement of its main parts;
  • Figure 7 shows an enlarged perspective view of
  • - Figure 13 is a perspective of an adjustable demolition tool
  • - Figure 14 is a perspective of a horizontal surface grader
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective of an extruder of construction material
  • FIG. 16 and 17 are perspectives of a vertical surface bulldozer
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 are perspectives of a finishing and polishing disc, assembled and exploded respectively.
  • the robot (1) in question is configured essentially from a structure (2) of profiles that can be made of aluminum, steel, carbon fiber or other material, which comprises, one or more fixed, vertical or longitudinal parallel stringers (3), at least one mobile transverse bar (4), perpendicular to the stringers (3) and movable from end to end between said stringers (3) by corresponding motors, and at minus a carriage (5) for holding a tool (6), among any of those necessary to perform the required work, which is also mobile and movable from end to end along the crossbar (4) also by motor (not shown), so that said structure (2) configures a mobile system of Cartesian coordinates, of at least two X and Y axes, which allows such a tool (6) to be transported to any point on the plane in front of which the structure is installed (2) being moved mediant and a controller (not shown) to which it is linked, by cable or wireless mode and that receives signals from position sensors of the motors and / or other specific sensors provided in the tool (6).
  • a structure (2) of profiles that can
  • the structure (2) comprises two longitudinal stringers (3), a transverse bar (4) and a tool carriage (5), the profiles defining said stringers (3) and hollow bar (4) incorporating in its interior the mechanical device that allows the bar (4) or X axis to move over the stringers (3) or Y axis in a precise and controlled way via controller.
  • said mechanical device is composed of a belt or chain (19) and pulley (20) connected to the motor (21) which rotates it, elements schematically illustrated in Figure 5 and replaceable by others, this belt or chain (19) being ) adjustable to adjust its length according to the variable length of the structure (2).
  • the clamping carriage (5) also comprises a perpendicular profile (9) that allows moving the tool (6) that holds on what constitutes the third axis or Z axis of the mobile Cartesian coordinate system, that is, forward or backward as well as its 360 Q rotation to allow the tool (6) to be placed in a certain position.
  • the carriage (5) is associated with a telescopic mechanism (not shown) of a hydraulic piston, an electric or pneumatic actuator or a rack and pinion type electric mechanism ...
  • the stringers (3) have an upper and lower adjustment (10) for anchoring to ceilings and floors or to walls or other facing elements.
  • Said adjustment (10) can be manual or automatic adjustable by means of hydraulic, pneumatic or electromechanical system with pressure sensor to determine the adjustment that will be necessary to give it.
  • the stringers (3) that constitute the Y axis of the mobile Cartesian system of the structure (2) are preferably vertical and are formed by columns ( 31) superimposed on top of each other that have, in their upper part, an anchor plate (12) for fixing, by means of specific screws, to the structure of the building, while the crossbar (4), which constitutes the X axis of the Cartesian mobile system, it is divided into two or more segments (41) coinciding the space of such divisions with the meeting of the columns (31) of each stringer (3) to be able to move freely along the Y axis that make up without tripping with the anchors (12) thereof, as seen in Figure 8.
  • the profiles defining said segments (41) of the bar (4) are configured as a guide and the carriage (5) for the tool has four pairs of wheels (13) that allow it to pass through the space that separates said segments (41) without destabilizing or losing precision.
  • the carriage (5) is incorporated in a perpendicular profile (9) that acts as a Z axis by moving the tool (6) so that it approaches or away from the wall on which you need to work, which, preferably, is telescopic and can be operated by a hydraulic piston mechanism, an electric or pneumatic actuator or even with an electric mechanism type rack and pinion structure ...
  • the structure (2) of the facade variant comprises a second transverse bar or additional bar (4 ') movable on the X axis that operates manually and outside the controller and the other X axes, by any mechanism appropriate although not shown, which, as seen in Figure 9, incorporates a cabin (14) also movable along said additional bar (4 ') where a person can climb and move it to any point of the area covered the structure (2) when appropriate.
  • the structure (2) comprises an additional bar (4 ') mobile via controller, by appropriate mechanism, which incorporates a cabin (14) also mobile along said additional bar (4') where materials can be stored of which the tool (6) will make use by automatic collection system depending on the type of material, tool and task to be executed.
  • the self-elevating platform (1 1) comprising the robot (1) of the invention in its variant of structure (2) for façade is observed in detail, which, in the preferred embodiment consists of a profile armor formed, as a crane, from a vertical lower part (1 1 1), which defines an adjustable housing to the columns (31) that make up the stringers (3) and preferably equipped with an automatic lifting mechanism on them (not shown), and a horizontal upper part (1 12) that, like any crane, has a pulley and cable mechanism for lifting said columns (31) from the ground and their displacement within the lower vertical part, as shown in figures 10 and 1 1, for which said columns (31) are provided at their upper base with a system of anchor such as a hook ring (15) for attaching the hook of the platform (1 1), which serves at the same time for hooking with the lower base of the column (31) that is fixed superiorly, preferably, through a bolt (16) inserted in a cavity through a hole provided for that purpose, or with another similar means.
  • a system of anchor such as a hook ring
  • the horizontal upper part (1 12) of this platform (1 1) also incorporates the means for making the holes in the structure of the building and screwing the anchor plates (12) of the column (31) which comprise a tool for drilling (17) with air injector, as well as screw stores (18) and tool changer.
  • the mechanism of the platform (1 1) for lifting and placing the column (31) in its position consists of a carriage where a motor is positioned that lifts the column by means of steel cable and once the column (31) is in position this car enters the position where the column should be. Once in this position the engine lowers the column so that the anchors between columns (31) are locked.
  • the platform has at its bottom an automatic system to unlock the bolt (16) or similar means used in the hitch of the columns to allow automated dismantling of the columns (31).
  • the mechanism for anchoring the columns (31) to the building structure consists of a drilling tool (17) that has at least two drills preferably driven by the same motor and separated from each other exactly the distance between the gaps of the plate (12). These drills move in the direction of the wall by means of a rail and preferably driven by rack and pinion.
  • the drill bits are replaced by a screwing tool, the screw is collected in the storage and the column is screwed to the construction.
  • the structure (1 1) has two screw stores (18) that move apart or close to each other to allow the tool to take the screws and free up space later to move towards the wall.
  • This process is repeated in a synchronized and controlling way in all columns (31) that will be elevated in a fully automated way.
  • the lifting platform (1 1) also preferably has a folding system that allows the whole as a whole to be able to lower the structure through the previously hoisted columns. This is necessary for cases of maintenance or breakage of some of the parts.
  • the pipeline supply system (622) is carried out by drones guided by the controller.
  • the tool (6) that incorporates the robot (1) of the invention, as seen in Figures 13 to 21, it preferably consists of an adjustable demolition (60), a horizontal surface leveler (61 ), an extruder of construction material (62), a vertical surface leveler (63), a finishing and polishing disc (64), or an adhesive and manipulator extruder (65), allowing the interchangeable placement of any of them .
  • the adjustable demolition (60) is made up of a device coupled to the carriage (5) of the structure (2) that contains roughing rollers (601) that are rotated electromechanically and allow demolishing the coating on which is located.
  • the tool has a system for regulating the distance at which the rollers (601) are located on it.
  • said adjustable demolition (60) or other tool (6) that produces waste in a similar manner may comprise a vacuum device and automatic waste collection (7, 8), which although it is represented in Figures 1 to 3 for the structure (2) in its interior variant, it is also applicable for the structure (2) in its exterior and facade variant.
  • the tool (6) as seen in figures 1 and 2, is connected by means of a hose (7) for the transport of waste to a vacuum pump that collects the waste.
  • This vacuum pump is located on a robotized cart (8) that moves controlled by the same controller of the structure (2) and based on the position of the tool (6) to lengthen or shorten the distance in order not to hinder or create bends in the hose (7).
  • the hose (7) empties into a second robotic cart (8 ') which is in turn an automatic bagger.
  • the connection of the hose (7) to this second cart (8 ') is carried out by means of a valve that is automatically anchored and disengaged in such a way that when it needs to move to the unloading area of the bags it can do.
  • the process works as follows:
  • the controller sends the signal for the tool (6) and the vacuum pump stops, once stopped it sends the signal to the hose valve to disassemble the second cart (8' ) of the first (8).
  • the cart (8 ’) moves guided by the controller to the previously specified place to unload the bags and subsequently re-anchored to the first cart (8) to continue the process.
  • an example of the tool (6) is observed when it is constituted by a horizontal surface grader (61), which is formed by a manifold (61 1) connected to a helical transport pump through which it is transported a constructive material in a liquid state, which can be cement based among others, which allows the constructive material to be able to exit homogeneously and be deposited on the surface with the necessary amount.
  • said manifold (61 1) is connected to a main pipe (612) that has a valve (613) installed that allows it to be closed or opened remotely and synchronized with the main and / or secondary pumps and with the sensors that mark the position of the carriage (5) or its perpendicular profile (9) constituting the Z axis of the structure (2).
  • This tool (61) can have depth sensors installed to determine the distance to the surface where the material will be deposited and send this signal to the controller.
  • a ruler (614) is installed which is preferably subject to a fixation (615) integral with a support (616) that allows its sliding, it is made, thanks to a return mechanism fast (617) driven by a motor (618), a longitudinal movement that makes the deposited material can be in addition to pressing (due to the vibration that this mechanism produces) perfectly leveled.
  • Elements that produce vibration in this rule (614) can also be installed, if necessary, to increase the vibration capacity.
  • An anti-vibration system can be arranged in the fixation (615) of this tool with the main support (616) to avoid transferring the vibration to the rest of it.
  • said fixation (615) of the ruler (614) comprises linear guides that allow the longitudinal sliding of the ruler (614), which is connected to the manifold (61 1) through an axis to allow rotation and with the support (616) of the tool by means of two actuators (619) that can be pneumatic or electric so that, by their action, the orientation of the ruler (614) with respect to the perpendicular plane can be changed.
  • actuators (619) can be synchronized with the depth sensors installed in the tool (61) to adapt to the terrain where the material is being deposited.
  • an extruder of construction material which comprises a square tube (621) connected to the pipe (622) where it is transported a constructive material in a liquid state, which can be of cement base among others, to deposit in the place determined by the controller an amount of specific material forming layers on top of each other or next to each other forming both vertical elements and horizontal.
  • Said tool (62) is constituted by the same main pipe and the valve of the previous tool, to which, in this case, the said square tube (621) of greater length is coupled to be able to reach the lower dimensions of the excavations that are below the level of the support bases of the uprights (3) of the structure (2).
  • This construction material extruder tool (62) is specifically used to create structures of construction material that can, among other things, serve as formwork for subsequent reception of structural material to form, for example, benches or other decorative elements.
  • FIGs 16 and 17 another example of the type of tool that the robot (1) of the invention can incorporate, specifically a vertical surface grader (63), is intended to make continuous coatings with different materials on vertical walls of walls and walls .
  • a vertical surface grader 63
  • Said leveler (63) can comprise a channeling (632) of guiding and oscillating movement that releases a certain amount of construction material and being connected to a conduit (630) of compressed air manages to project the material on the vertical support.
  • the tool also has a mobile, vibratory and articulated ruler (634) which, thanks to pneumatic or electric actuators (639) guided by the controller, aligns the material on the surface.
  • the tool can have sensors to measure the depth to said surface in addition to a flow meter at the outlet of the pipes (632, 630) that send information to the controller to guide the movement.
  • valves (633) The opening and closing of both construction material and compressed air is carried out by means of valves (633) and by means of a controller and based on the position of the lower head of the perpendicular profile (9) to which the tool is attached and constitutes the axis “ Z "of the structure (2).
  • the rule (634) subject to a fixation (635) that links it to a support (636) and moved by actuators (639) with fast return mechanism (637), makes a turn to engage on the surface to be treated and able do so the alignment of the material while it is projected on the wall through the nozzle (631) provided at the end of the pipe (632).
  • the ruler (634) is leveling.
  • the material outlet nozzle (631) swings horizontally mechanically within a guide rail (638) so that the material is placed on the wall of the wall across the entire width that the ruler (634) covers.
  • the vertical surface leveling tool (63) can vary its curvature to adapt to different shapes, for this it will be necessary to change the assembly formed by ruler (634) and oscillating guide rail (638) of the projection nozzle (631).
  • the structure can also be formed with flexible materials that change their curvature with electric or pneumatic actuators.
  • finishing and polishing disc (64) which comprises a rotating motor (641) of high rpm (revolutions per minute) that rotates a rigid protection disk (644) to which discs of different materials are coupled, preferably a finishing disc (643) of materials such as polyurethane, Teflon, plastic polymers, or other, to provide different types of finishes to the wall by rotating movements and of pressure, which fixed by means of sailboat strips on a support disk (644) of plastic that, in turn, is fixed to the protection disk (642), being attached, like this one, to the axis of rotation and support (645) of the rotation motor (641).
  • a rotating motor 641 of high rpm (revolutions per minute) that rotates a rigid protection disk (644) to which discs of different materials are coupled
  • a finishing disc (643) of materials such as polyurethane, Teflon, plastic polymers, or other
  • the finishing and polishing disc tool (64) has a pipe (646) with a spray nozzle (647) to spray water onto the wall. It also has pressure sensors that determine the effort to be made by the tool on the wall and the amount of water to be sprayed, all of which is determined by the controller and also based on the position of the car or perpendicular profile (9) of the "Z" axis in which it is engaged.
  • the tool (64) is articulated by an electric positioning motor (648) with position sensor that allows its rotation in 180 Q and has a depth measurement system to adapt to different surfaces.
  • Figures 20 and 21 show how the union of two tools would be, an adhesive extruder and a manipulator (65), which preferably comprises a manifold (651) connected to the pipe (652) of construction materials with grooved outlets. where it is leaving and depositing on the wall or the determined wall an adhesive material on which a plate or panel of lining (22) will be placed which can be for example ceramic.
  • the same adhesive and manipulator extruder tool (65) has a vacuum manipulator installed which, composed of a suction cup (655) connected to a vacuum duct (656), manages to collect said coating (22) from the stock made in a specific place. apply it on the wall or other support in the exact position and precisely using pressure sensors that guarantee perfect placement.
  • the tool (65) changes the function thanks to a positioning motor (654) that moves a support (653) at a right angle to which the suction cup (655) and the manifold (651) are coupled by rotating them in the perpendicular plane of “ XY. " In addition, you can have position sensors that send these signals to the controller.
  • the material outlet in the manifold (651) has a flowmeter and a pressure sensor also connected to the controller.
  • the suction cup (655) of the vacuum handling system has a pressure sensor and an actuator connected to the controller. All these sensors send information to the controller and together with the position data of the perpendicular profile that constitutes the “Z” axis of the structure (2) of the robot (1) the orders are sent to execute.
  • Another tool variant (6) consists of a surface measurement system on which it is positioned that allows observing and identifying problems on the surface or internally that at first glance would not be seen such as an x-ray system. In addition, you can include a scanner that will make us read the surface and allow us to digitize the surface and then define the tasks to be performed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a robot for building refurbishment and repair, which comprises a structure (2) of profiles that comprises: at least two vertical or longitudinal fixed parallel beams (3); at least one movable transverse bar (4) perpendicular to the beams (3) and movable from one end to another between said beams (3) by means of motors; and a carriage (5) for securing a tool (6), which is also mobile and movable from end to end along the transverse bar (4) by means of a motor, the structure (2) forming a mobile Cartesian coordinate system that allows said tool (6) to be transported to any point of the plane in which the structure (2) is installed, the structure being moved by means of a controller to which same is connected, and which receives signals from position sensors of the motors and/or from specific sensors provided in the tool (6).

Description

Figure imgf000003_0001
Figure imgf000003_0001
ROBOT PARA REFORMAS Y REHABILITACIONES ROBOT FOR REFORMS AND REHABILITATIONS
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La invención, tal como expresa el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones que aporta, a la función a que se destina, ventajas y características, que se describen en detalle más adelante, que suponen una destacable novedad en el estado actual de la técnica. The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a Robot for reforms and rehabilitations that contributes, to the function to which it is intended, advantages and characteristics, which are described in detail below, which represent a remarkable New in the current state of the art.
El objeto de la presente invención recae, concretamente, en un equipo automatizado que comprende, esencialmente, una estructura metálica con posicionamiento en tres ejes a la cual se pueden ir acoplando diferentes herramientas para realizar a distancia y/o de forma autónoma prácticamente todas las tareas necesarias en la ejecución de reformas y rehabilitaciones por ejemplo de edificaciones u otras obras, tanto en áreas internas como externas así como en fachadas, de manera que constituye un robot que trabaja de modo autónomo y, por tanto, evita la necesidad de construir andamiajes o soportes para los operarios y que estos deban encaramarse y manejen tales herramientas directamente sobre las diferentes superficies del edificio, como se viene haciendo actualmente. The object of the present invention falls, specifically, in an automated equipment comprising, essentially, a metal structure with three-axis positioning to which different tools can be coupled to perform remotely and / or autonomously practically all tasks necessary in the execution of reforms and rehabilitations for example of buildings or other works, both in internal and external areas as well as on facades, so that it constitutes a robot that works autonomously and, therefore, avoids the need to build scaffolding or supports for the operators and that these should be perched and handle such tools directly on the different surfaces of the building, as it is currently being done.
CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
El campo de aplicación de la presente invención se enmarca dentro del sector de la industria de la construcción, centrándose particularmente en el ámbito de los equipos e instalaciones para la realización de reparaciones y rehabilitaciones tanto interiores como exteriores y de fachada. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN The field of application of the present invention is framed within the construction industry sector, focusing particularly on the field of equipment and facilities for the realization of repairs as well as interior and exterior repairs and façades. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Como referencia al estado actual de la técnica, cabe señalar que, al menos por parte del solicitante, se desconoce la existencia de ningún otro Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, ni de ninguna otra invención de aplicación similar, que presente unas características técnicas, estructurales y constitutivas iguales o semejantes a las que presenta el que aquí se reivindica. As a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, at least on the part of the applicant, the existence of any other Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, or any other invention of similar application, which has technical, structural and technical characteristics is unknown. constitutive equal or similar to those presented here claimed.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
El Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones que la invención propone se configura pues como una destacable novedad dentro de su campo de aplicación, estando los detalles caracterizadores que lo distinguen convenientemente recogidos en las reivindicaciones finales que acompañan la presente descripción. The Robot for reforms and rehabilitations that the invention proposes is therefore configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, the distinguishing details being conveniently set forth in the final claims that accompany this description.
Más concretamente, el robot que la invención propone, como se ha indicado anteriormente, consiste en un equipo automatizado que, esencialmente, comprende una estructura con posicionamiento en tres ejes a la que se pueden acoplar diferentes herramientas para realizar tareas de reformas y rehabilitaciones de edificaciones entre otros, por ejemplo herramientas tales como demoledores de elementos constructivos, niveladores de superficies horizontales, niveladores de superficies verticales, extrusores de material constructivo, discos de acabado y pulido, extrusores de adhesivo y manipuladora, u otras, aplicables tanto en áreas internas como externas así como en fachadas, de manera que constituye un robot que trabaja en modo autónomo o controlado a distancia y, por tanto, evita la necesidad de construir o instalar andamiajes para los operarios y que estos deban encaramarse sobre ellos para manejar manualmente tales herramientas directamente sobre las diferentes superficies del edificio, como se viene haciendo actualmente. More specifically, the robot that the invention proposes, as indicated above, consists of an automated equipment that essentially comprises a structure with three-axis positioning to which different tools can be coupled to perform building renovation and rehabilitation tasks among others, for example tools such as demolition of construction elements, horizontal surface levelers, vertical surface levelers, construction material extruders, finishing and polishing discs, adhesive and manipulator extruders, or others, applicable in both internal and external areas as well as on facades, so that it constitutes a robot that works autonomously or remotely controlled and, therefore, avoids the need to build or install scaffolding for operators and that these must be perched on them to manually handle such tools directly on the different surfaces of the building, as is currently being done.
Para ello, dicha estructura es una estructura metálica de perfiles, que pueden ser de aluminio, acero, fibra de carbono u otro material apropiado, que básicamente comprende un conjunto de largueros paralelos, verticales o longitudinales, una o más barras transversales, perpendicular a los largueros, y uno o más carros o punto de sujeción donde se incorpora la herramienta, estando vinculados perpendicularmente entre sí de modo que configuran un sistema móvil de coordenadas cartesianas de tres ejes C,U,Z que transportan la herramienta para que llegue a ejecutar la tarea para la cual fue encomendada en cualquier punto del plano frente el que se instala la estructura. Esta estructura se mueve mediante una controladora que recibe señales provenientes de sensores de posición de los motores y de otros sensores específicos con que está dotada cada herramienta. For this, said structure is a metal structure of profiles, which can be made of aluminum, steel, carbon fiber or other suitable material, which basically comprises a set of parallel, vertical or longitudinal stringers, one or more crossbars, perpendicular to the stringers, and one or more carriages or attachment point where the tool is incorporated, being perpendicularly linked to each other so that they configure a three-axis mobile coordinate system C, U, Z that transport the tool to execute the task for which it was entrusted at any point of the plane in front of which the structure is installed. This structure is moved by a controller that receives signals from engine position sensors and other specific sensors with which each tool is equipped.
En el caso de que el robot esté diseñado para reformas y rehabilitaciones de interiores, la estructura, así como sus partes electromecánicas, se adaptan fácilmente al local donde sea necesaria su instalación gracias a que los perfiles que la forman son regulables mediante un sistema de deslizamiento interno o inclusive por el simple ensamblaje de más perfiles en caso necesario. Se debe entender como un interior un espacio delimitado por paredes, suelos u otros elementos. In the event that the robot is designed for renovations and renovations of interiors, the structure, as well as its electromechanical parts, are easily adapted to the place where its installation is necessary because the profiles that form it are adjustable by a sliding system internally or even by simply assembling more profiles if necessary. It should be understood as an interior a space delimited by walls, floors or other elements.
Preferentemente, en dicha variante de realización para interiores, la estructura comprende, preferentemente, dos largueros longitudinales, verticales u horizontales según convenga, y una o más barras transversales que determinan, respectivamente los ejes X e Y por los que se desplaza al menos un carro o punto de sujeción de la herramienta. Y, preferentemente en el interior de los perfiles que definen dichos largueros y barra se dispone el dispositivo mecánico que permite que el eje X y el eje Y se muevan de forma precisa y controlada vía controladora. Preferably, in said indoor variant, the structure preferably comprises two longitudinal, vertical or horizontal stringers as appropriate, and one or more crossbars that determine, respectively, the X and Y axes through which at least one carriage moves or attachment point of the tool. And, preferably inside the profiles that define said stringers and bar, the mechanical device is arranged that allows the X-axis and the Y-axis to move precisely and controlled via the controller.
Preferentemente, dicho dispositivo mecánico está compuesto por una correa y polea conectada al motor que lo hace girar. En la correa se dispone un elemento que fija el perfil o el carro que se quiera mover. Esta correa puede ser regulable para ajustar su longitud conforme la longitud ajustada de la estructura. El sistema interno para el movimiento puede variar, siendo también posible el uso de otros mecanismos motorizados. Preferably, said mechanical device is composed of a belt and pulley connected to the motor that rotates it. In the belt there is an element that fixes the profile or the car that you want to move. This strap can be adjustable to adjust its length according to the adjusted length of the structure. The internal system for movement may vary, and the use of other motorized mechanisms is also possible.
El eje Z se encuentra localizado en el carro o punto de sujeción que carga las herramientas y es el que, moviéndose hacia adelante o atrás, permite que la herramienta se acerque o aleje a la pared o suelo según la disposición de la estructura. Este carro o punto de sujeción también gira 360Q sobre sí mismo para permitir que la herramienta se coloque en determinada posición. The Z axis is located in the carriage or clamping point that loads the tools and is the one that, moving forward or backward, allows the tool to approach or move away from the wall or floor according to the arrangement of the structure. This carriage or clamping point also rotates 360 Q on itself to allow the tool to be placed in a certain position.
Este movimiento de eje Z se realiza mediante un sistema telescópico, de tal forma que no sea necesaria una pieza continua que pueda impactar con las columnas del eje Y y podrá ser realizado mediante un pistón hidráulico, un actuador eléctrico o neumático o inclusive con un mecanismo eléctrico tipo cremallera y piñón... This Z-axis movement is carried out by means of a telescopic system, so that a continuous piece that can impact with the columns of the Y-axis is not necessary and can be carried out by means of a hydraulic piston, an electric or pneumatic actuator or even with a mechanism electric rack and pinion type ...
El soporte principal de la estructura, es decir los dos largueros longitudinales de la misma, llevan un ajuste superior e inferior que permite que la estructura se ancle fuertemente a techos y suelos o a sendas paredes enfrentadas según como sea dispuesta la estructura, es decir, vertical u horizontalmente, siendo la barra transversal la que se desplaza de un extremo a otro entre los largueros y el carro o punto de sujeción de la herramienta lo que se desplaza a lo largo de dicha barra pudiendo también girar sobre sí mismo. The main support of the structure, that is to say the two longitudinal stringers thereof, have an upper and lower adjustment that allows the structure to be anchored strongly to ceilings and floors or to each other facing walls as the structure is arranged, that is, vertical or horizontally, the crossbar being the one that moves from one end to the other between the stringers and the carriage or attachment point of the tool which moves along said bar and can also rotate on itself.
Siguiendo con las características de la invención, cabe señalar que, en una variante de realización del robot, aplicable para reformas y rehabilitaciones en fachadas el robot se configura a partir de una estructura igual a la anterior conceptualmente pero de grandes dimensiones, adaptada a áreas externas y verticales o con inclinación mayor que 0Q y que, además, preferentemente es auto montante y trepadora, con lo que no es necesaria la intervención de mano de obra especializada en trabajos en altura para su montaje, desmontaje y operación. Se debe entender como fachada un espacio no delimitado por paredes, suelos u otros elementos. Following the characteristics of the invention, it should be noted that, in a variant embodiment of the robot, applicable for renovations and renovations on facades, the robot is configured from a conceptually identical structure but large in size, adapted to external areas and vertical or with an inclination greater than 0 Q and which, in addition, is preferably self-assembling and climbing, which does not require the intervention of skilled labor in work at height for its assembly, disassembly and operation. It should be understood as a facade a space not delimited by walls, floors or other elements.
Para ello la estructura, además de dos o más largueros paralelos y verticales y al menos una barra que constituyen respectivamente los ejes Y y X y por donde se mueve el carro con el eje Z que sujeta la herramienta, comprende también una plataforma auto elevable que va elevando y auto anclando los elementos de dicha estructura del robot a la estructura del edificio o construcción en la que se quiera trabajar For this, the structure, in addition to two or more parallel and vertical stringers and at least one bar that respectively constitute the Y and X axes and where the carriage moves with the Z axis that holds the tool, also includes a self-elevating platform that it is raising and auto anchoring the elements of said robot structure to the structure of the building or construction in which you want to work
Para ello, los largueros en este caso están conformados por una serie de columnas que representarían el eje Y, que se disponen una encima de otra y que tienen en su parte superior una pletina que se ancla mediante tornillería específica a la estructura del edificio. Y, a lo largo de estas columnas se dispone la barra o barras que constituyen el eje X, con la particularidad de no ser una barra continua, ya que, para que todo el eje X se puede desplazar libremente a lo largo del eje Y sin tropezar con los antedichos anclajes de las columnas a la estructura del edificio, dicha barra del eje X se divide en segmentos en el encuentro con cada columna. Y, a lo largo de este eje X definido por los segmentos de barra va dispuesto el carro donde se transportan las herramientas. Preferentemente, en este caso el carro tiene cuatro pares de ruedas que le permiten pasar por el encuentro que divide los segmentos de la barra sin problemas de desestabilización o pérdida de precisión, gracias a la configuración de la misma a modo de guía. La controladora es la encargada de hacer que el carro no choque con los anclajes de las columnas a la estructura del edificio, si bien, aún así existen dispuestos en el carro sistemas de desconexión, de tal forma que, cuando el carro pueda pasar equivocadamente por ellos se desconecte el movimiento. For this, the stringers in this case are made up of a series of columns that would represent the Y axis, which are arranged one above the other and that have in their upper part a plate that is anchored by means of specific screws to the structure of the building. And, along these columns the bar or bars that constitute the X axis are arranged, with the particularity of not being a continuous bar, since, so that the entire X axis can move freely along the Y axis without stumbling over the above-mentioned anchors of the columns to the structure of the building, said X-axis bar is divided into segments in the encounter with each column. And, along this X axis defined by the bar segments, the carriage where the tools are transported is arranged. Preferably, in this case the car has four pairs of wheels that allow it to go through the encounter that divides the segments of the bar without problems of destabilization or loss of precision, thanks to its configuration as a guide. The controller is responsible for making the car does not collide with the column anchors to the structure of the building, although there are still disconnection systems arranged in the car, so that when the car can go through They disconnect the movement.
El eje Z es el que hace que las herramientas se acerquen o alejen del paramento sobre el que se necesite trabajar, este eje Z se transporta en el carro comentado anteriormente y utiliza para ello un sistema telescópico, de tal forma que no sea necesaria una pieza continua que pueda impactar con las columnas del eje Y. Este sistema telescópico al igual que ocurre con la variante de la estructura utilizada para superficies internas del edificio o construcción, puede estar accionado por un pistón hidráulico, un actuador eléctrico o neumático o inclusive con un mecanismo eléctrico tipo estructura de cremallera y piñón... The Z axis is what makes the tools approach or move away from the wall on which it is necessary to work, this Z axis is transported in the car mentioned above and uses a telescopic system for it, so that a piece is not necessary continuous that can impact with the columns of the Y axis. This telescopic system, as with the variant of the structure used for internal surfaces of the building or construction, can be driven by a hydraulic piston, an electric or pneumatic actuator or even with a electric mechanism type rack and pinion structure ...
Adicionalmente, la estructura comprende una segunda barra transversal o eje X que funciona de forma manual y ajena a la controladora. Este segundo eje X transporta una cabina donde se puede subir una persona para identificar problemas y fiscalizar las tareas que el equipo está ejecutando. Uno de los objetivos fundamentales del robot de la invención es el evitar la exposición humana durante el montaje o desmontaje de la estructura, para ello, como ya se ha apuntado anteriormente, se ha ideado un sistema autónomo para elevar las columnas que constituyen los largueros en la variante para fachadas y fijarlas a la estructura del edificio. Additionally, the structure comprises a second crossbar or X axis that operates manually and outside the controller. This second X axis transports a cabin where you can climb a person to identify problems and monitor the tasks that the team is executing. One of the fundamental objectives of the robot of the invention is to prevent human exposure during the assembly or disassembly of the structure, for this, as already noted above, an autonomous system has been devised to raise the columns that constitute the stringers in the variant for facades and fix them to the structure of the building.
Dicho sistema comprende una plataforma elevadora desde donde se elevan las sucesivas columnas superpuestas y un mecanismo de ancoraje en esta plataforma que realiza los agujeros en la estructura de la construcción sobre la que se quiera trabajar y atornilla las pletinas de anclaje de la columna a la estructura del edificio. Said system comprises a lifting platform from which the successive overlapping columns are raised and an anchoring mechanism in this platform that makes the holes in the construction structure on which one wants to work and bolts the anchoring plates of the column to the structure of the building.
Con todo ello, el descrito Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones consiste, pues, en una estructura innovadora de características desconocidas hasta ahora para el fin a que se destina, razones que unidas a su utilidad práctica, la dotan de fundamento suficiente para obtener el privilegio de exclusividad que se solicita. With all this, the described Robot for reforms and rehabilitations consists, then, in an innovative structure of unknown characteristics until now for the purpose to which it is intended, reasons that together with its practical utility, provide it with sufficient foundation to obtain the privilege of exclusivity that is requested.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, unos planos en que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente: In order to complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present specification is attached, as an integral part thereof, some planes in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, has represented the following:
Las figuras número 1 y 2.- Muestran sendas vistas en perspectiva de un ejemplo del Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones de edificios y otras construcciones, según la invención, en su variante para interiores, instalado respectivamente en posición vertical para actuar sobre una pared y en posición horizontal para actuar sobre un suelo, apreciándose las principales partes y elementos que comprende así como la configuración y disposición de las mismas; la figura número 3.- Muestra una vista ampliada en perspectiva del carro y/o punto de sujeción de la herramienta con que cuenta la estructura del robot de la invención; la figura número 4 Muestra una vista ampliada en perspectiva de uno de los ajustes que incorporan los largueros de la estructura para fijarla entre suelo y techo o entre paredes y otros elementos opuestos; la figura número 5.- Muestra una vista esquemática en perspectiva de una porción de la estructura y del dispositivo mecánico interior que la mueve; la figura número 6.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de otro ejemplo de realización del Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones de edificios y otras construcciones, según la invención, en este caso en su variante para actuar sobre fachada, apreciándose la configuración y disposición de sus partes principales; la figura número 7.- Muestra una vista ampliada en perspectiva de las columnas superpuestas que conforman los largueros de la estructura en su variante para fachada, apreciándose su configuración y los elementos que comprenden; la figura número 8.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva del detalle del carro o punto de sujeción de la herramienta con que cuenta el robot en su variante para fachada, apreciándose las ruedas insertadas en la guía de la barra formada por segmentos por la que discurre; la figura número 9.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la cabina opcional de traslado de personas incorporada en una segunda barra transversal de la estructura en su variante para fachada; las figuras número 10 y 1 1 .- Muestran sendas vistas en perspectiva de la plataforma para la elevación de columnas representada en sendas fases de operatividad, concretamente elevada sobre una primera columna e izando una segunda columna en la figura 9, y con dicha segunda columna una vez insertada en la estructura para proceder a continuación a la elevación de la plataforma sobre dicha segunda columna en la figura 10; la figura número 12.- Muestra una vista ampliada en perspectiva de la parte superior de la plataforma de elevación, apreciándose los mecanismos de enclavado de columna que incorpora; y las figuras número 13 a 21 muestran vistas en perspectiva de las diferentes herramientas que incorpora el robot de la invención, donde concretamente:Figures 1 and 2 show two perspective views of an example of the Robot for reforms and renovations of buildings and other constructions, according to the invention, in its interior variant, installed respectively in an upright position to act on a wall and in horizontal position to act on a floor, appreciating the main parts and elements that it comprises as well as their configuration and arrangement; Figure number 3.- Shows an enlarged perspective view of the carriage and / or attachment point of the tool that has the structure of the robot of the invention; Figure number 4 shows an enlarged perspective view of one of the adjustments that incorporate the stringers of the structure to fix it between floor and ceiling or between walls and other opposite elements; Figure number 5.- Shows a schematic perspective view of a portion of the structure and the inner mechanical device that moves it; Figure number 6.- Shows a perspective view of another example of realization of the Robot for reforms and renovations of buildings and other constructions, according to the invention, in this case in its variant to act on the facade, appreciating the configuration and arrangement of its main parts; Figure 7 shows an enlarged perspective view of the overlapping columns that make up the stringers of the structure in its facade variant, appreciating its configuration and the elements that comprise; Figure number 8.- Shows a perspective view of the detail of the carriage or attachment point of the tool that the robot has in its facade variant, with the wheels inserted in the bar guide formed by segments through which it runs ; Figure number 9.- Shows a perspective view of the optional people transfer cabin incorporated in a second crossbar of the structure in its facade variant; Figures 10 and 1 1 .- Show perspective views of the platform for the elevation of columns represented in two phases of operability, specifically elevated on a first column and raising a second column in Figure 9, and with said second column once inserted in the structure to then proceed to the elevation of the platform on said second column in Figure 10; Figure number 12.- Shows an enlarged perspective view of the upper part of the lifting platform, showing the interlocking mechanisms of the column it incorporates; and Figures 13 to 21 show perspective views of the different tools that the robot of the invention incorporates, specifically:
- la figura 13 es una perspectiva de una herramienta demoledora regulable, - la figura 14 es una perspectiva de una niveladora de superficies horizontales, - Figure 13 is a perspective of an adjustable demolition tool, - Figure 14 is a perspective of a horizontal surface grader,
- la figura 15 es una perspectiva de una extrusora de material constructivo, - Figure 15 is a perspective of an extruder of construction material,
- las figuras 16 y 17 son perspectivas de una niveladora de superficies verticales, - Figures 16 and 17 are perspectives of a vertical surface bulldozer,
- las figuras 18 y 19 son perspectivas de un disco de acabado y pulido, montado y en despiece respectivamente, - Figures 18 and 19 are perspectives of a finishing and polishing disc, assembled and exploded respectively,
- y las figuras 20 y 21 son perspectivas de una extrusora de adhesivo y manipuladora. REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN A la vista de las mencionadas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada, se puede observar en ellas sendos ejemplos de realización no limitativa del Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones preconizado, el cual comprende las partes y elementos que se indican y describen en detalle a continuación. - and Figures 20 and 21 are perspectives of an adhesive extruder and manipulator. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION In view of the aforementioned figures, and according to the numbering adopted, it can be observed in them two examples of non-limiting realization of the Robot for reforms and rehabilitations recommended, which includes the parts and elements that are indicated and described in detail to continuation.
Así, tal como se aprecia en dichas figuras, el robot (1 ) en cuestión se configura, esencialmente, a partir de una estructura (2) de perfiles que pueden ser de aluminio, acero, fibra de carbono u otro material, que comprende, uno o más largueros (3) paralelos fijos, verticales o longitudinales, al menos, una barra (4) transversal móvil, perpendicular a los largueros (3) y desplazable de extremo a extremo entre dichos largueros (3) mediante correspondientes motores, y al menos un carro (5) de sujeción de una herramienta (6), de entre cualquiera de las necesarias para realizar la labor requerida, que también es móvil y desplazable de extremo a extremo a lo largo de la barra (4) transversal también mediante motor (no representado), de modo que dicha estructura (2) configura un sistema móvil de coordenadas cartesianas, de al menos dos ejes X e Y, que permite transportar tal herramienta (6) a cualquier punto del plano frente el que se instala la estructura (2) siendo movida mediante una controladora (no representada) a la que se encuentra vinculada, mediante cable o de modo inalámbrico y que recibe señales provenientes de sensores de posición de los motores y/o de otros sensores específicos previstos en la herramienta (6). Thus, as can be seen in said figures, the robot (1) in question is configured essentially from a structure (2) of profiles that can be made of aluminum, steel, carbon fiber or other material, which comprises, one or more fixed, vertical or longitudinal parallel stringers (3), at least one mobile transverse bar (4), perpendicular to the stringers (3) and movable from end to end between said stringers (3) by corresponding motors, and at minus a carriage (5) for holding a tool (6), among any of those necessary to perform the required work, which is also mobile and movable from end to end along the crossbar (4) also by motor (not shown), so that said structure (2) configures a mobile system of Cartesian coordinates, of at least two X and Y axes, which allows such a tool (6) to be transported to any point on the plane in front of which the structure is installed (2) being moved mediant and a controller (not shown) to which it is linked, by cable or wireless mode and that receives signals from position sensors of the motors and / or other specific sensors provided in the tool (6).
Atendiendo a las figuras 1 y 2, se observa cómo, en una variante de realización del robot (1 ) aplicable para reformas y rehabilitaciones de superficies interiores de la construcción, la estructura (2) y sus partes electromecánicas, se adaptan a diferentes espacios ya que los perfiles que forman tanto los largueros (3) como la barra (4) son de longitud regulable, por ejemplo mediante sistema de deslizamiento interno o ensamblaje de segmentos de perfiles. According to figures 1 and 2, it is observed how, in a variant of the robot (1) applicable for renovations and rehabilitations of interior surfaces of the construction, the structure (2) and its electromechanical parts, adapt to different spaces and that the profiles that both the stringers (3) and the bar (4) are of adjustable length, for example by internal sliding system or assembly of profile segments.
Preferentemente, en dicha variante para interiores, la estructura (2) comprende dos largueros (3) longitudinales, una barra (4) transversal y un carro (5) de sujeción de la herramienta, siendo los perfiles que definen dichos largueros (3) y barra (4) huecos incorporando en su interior el dispositivo mecánico que permite que la barra (4) o eje X se mueva sobre los largueros (3) o eje Y de forma precisa y controlada vía controladora. Preferably, in said indoor variant, the structure (2) comprises two longitudinal stringers (3), a transverse bar (4) and a tool carriage (5), the profiles defining said stringers (3) and hollow bar (4) incorporating in its interior the mechanical device that allows the bar (4) or X axis to move over the stringers (3) or Y axis in a precise and controlled way via controller.
Preferentemente, dicho dispositivo mecánico está compuesto por una correa o cadena (19) y polea (20) conectadas al motor (21 ) que lo hace girar, elementos ilustrados esquemáticamente en la figura 5 y sustituibles por otros, siendo esta correa o cadena (19) regulable para ajustar su longitud conforme la longitud variable de la estructura (2). Preferably, said mechanical device is composed of a belt or chain (19) and pulley (20) connected to the motor (21) which rotates it, elements schematically illustrated in Figure 5 and replaceable by others, this belt or chain (19) being ) adjustable to adjust its length according to the variable length of the structure (2).
Además, como se observa en la figura 3, así como en la figura 8 de otra variante que se explica más adelante, el carro (5) de sujeción también comprende un perfil perpendicular (9) que permite mover la herramienta (6) que sujeta sobre lo que constituye el tercer eje o eje Z del sistema móvil de coordenadas cartesianas, es decir, hacia adelante o atrás así como su giro en 360Q para permitir que la herramienta (6) se coloque en determinada posición. In addition, as seen in Figure 3, as well as in Figure 8 of another variant explained below, the clamping carriage (5) also comprises a perpendicular profile (9) that allows moving the tool (6) that holds on what constitutes the third axis or Z axis of the mobile Cartesian coordinate system, that is, forward or backward as well as its 360 Q rotation to allow the tool (6) to be placed in a certain position.
Para ello, el carro (5) está asociado a un mecanismo telescópico (no representado) de pistón hidráulico, un actuador eléctrico o neumático o un mecanismo eléctrico tipo cremallera y piñón... For this, the carriage (5) is associated with a telescopic mechanism (not shown) of a hydraulic piston, an electric or pneumatic actuator or a rack and pinion type electric mechanism ...
Atendiendo a la figura 4 se observa cómo, preferentemente en la estructura (2) de esta variante para interior, los largueros (3) llevan un ajuste (10) superior e inferior para su anclaje a techos y suelos o a paredes u otros elementos enfrentados. Dicho ajuste (10) puede ser manual o automático ajustable mediante sistema hidráulico, neumático o electromecánico con sensor de presión para determinar el ajuste que será necesario darle. According to Figure 4, it is observed how, preferably in the structure (2) of this indoor variant, the stringers (3) have an upper and lower adjustment (10) for anchoring to ceilings and floors or to walls or other facing elements. Said adjustment (10) can be manual or automatic adjustable by means of hydraulic, pneumatic or electromechanical system with pressure sensor to determine the adjustment that will be necessary to give it.
Atendiendo a la figura 6, se observa una variante de realización del robot (1 ) aplicable para reformas y rehabilitaciones de fachadas, donde la estructura (2) de largueros (3) y barras (4) es auto montante y trepadora para lo cual comprende una plataforma (1 1 ) auto elevable y de auto anclado a la estructura del edificio o construcción. In accordance with Figure 6, a variant of the robot (1) applicable for reforms and renovations of facades is observed, where the structure (2) of stringers (3) and bars (4) is self-assembling and climbing for which it comprises a platform (1 1) auto elevable and auto anchored to the structure of the building or construction.
Más específicamente, en esta segunda variante, como se observa en dicha figura 6 y en la figura 7, los largueros (3) que constituyen el eje Y del sistema cartesiano móvil de la estructura (2) son preferentemente verticales y están conformados por columnas (31 ) superpuestas una encima de otra que tienen, en su parte superior, una pletina de anclaje (12) para su fijación, mediante tornillería específica, a la estructura del edificio, mientras que la barra (4) transversal, que constituye el eje X del sistema móvil cartesiano, está dividida en dos o más segmentos (41 ) coincidiendo el espacio de tales divisiones con el encuentro de las columnas (31 ) de cada larguero (3) para poder desplazarse libremente a lo largo del eje Y que conforman sin tropezar con los anclajes (12) de las mismas, tal como se observa en la figura 8. More specifically, in this second variant, as seen in said figure 6 and in figure 7, the stringers (3) that constitute the Y axis of the mobile Cartesian system of the structure (2) are preferably vertical and are formed by columns ( 31) superimposed on top of each other that have, in their upper part, an anchor plate (12) for fixing, by means of specific screws, to the structure of the building, while the crossbar (4), which constitutes the X axis of the Cartesian mobile system, it is divided into two or more segments (41) coinciding the space of such divisions with the meeting of the columns (31) of each stringer (3) to be able to move freely along the Y axis that make up without tripping with the anchors (12) thereof, as seen in Figure 8.
Además, preferentemente, en este caso los perfiles que definen dichos segmentos (41 ) de la barra (4) están configurados a modo de guía y el carro (5) para la herramienta tiene cuatro pares de ruedas (13) que le permiten pasar por el espacio que separa dichos segmentos (41 ) sin desestabilizarse o perder precisión. Como en el caso de la variante anterior, y tal como se observa en la figura 8, al carro (5) se le incorpora en un perfil perpendicular (9) que hace de eje Z moviendo la herramienta (6) para que se acerque o aleje del paramento sobre el que se necesite trabajar, el cual, preferentemente es telescópico y puede estar accionado por un mecanismo de pistón hidráulico, un actuador eléctrico o neumático o inclusive con un mecanismo eléctrico tipo estructura de cremallera y piñón... In addition, preferably, in this case the profiles defining said segments (41) of the bar (4) are configured as a guide and the carriage (5) for the tool has four pairs of wheels (13) that allow it to pass through the space that separates said segments (41) without destabilizing or losing precision. As in the case of the previous variant, and as seen in Figure 8, the carriage (5) is incorporated in a perpendicular profile (9) that acts as a Z axis by moving the tool (6) so that it approaches or away from the wall on which you need to work, which, preferably, is telescopic and can be operated by a hydraulic piston mechanism, an electric or pneumatic actuator or even with an electric mechanism type rack and pinion structure ...
Adicionalmente, la estructura (2) de la variante para fachada comprende una segunda barra transversal o barra adicional (4’) móvil en el eje X que funciona de forma manual y ajena a la controladora y al o a los otros ejes X, mediante cualquier mecanismo apropiado aunque no representado, la cual, como se observa en la figura 9, incorpora una cabina (14) también móvil a lo largo de dicha barra adicional (4’) donde se puede subir una persona y desplazarla a cualquier punto del área que abarca la estructura (2) cuando convenga. Additionally, the structure (2) of the facade variant comprises a second transverse bar or additional bar (4 ') movable on the X axis that operates manually and outside the controller and the other X axes, by any mechanism appropriate although not shown, which, as seen in Figure 9, incorporates a cabin (14) also movable along said additional bar (4 ') where a person can climb and move it to any point of the area covered the structure (2) when appropriate.
En una realización preferente la estructura (2) comprende una barra adicional (4’) móvil vía controladora, mediante mecanismo apropiado, que incorpora una cabina (14) también móvil a lo largo de dicha barra adicional (4’) donde se pueden almacenar materiales de los que la herramienta (6) hará uso mediante sistema de recogida automático dependiendo del tipo de material, herramienta y tarea que se vaya a ejecutar. In a preferred embodiment the structure (2) comprises an additional bar (4 ') mobile via controller, by appropriate mechanism, which incorporates a cabin (14) also mobile along said additional bar (4') where materials can be stored of which the tool (6) will make use by automatic collection system depending on the type of material, tool and task to be executed.
Atendiendo a las figuras 10 a 12, se observa con detalle la plataforma (1 1 ) auto elevable que comprende el robot (1 ) de la invención en su variante de estructura (2) para fachada, la cual, en la realización preferida consiste en una armadura de perfiles conformada, a modo de grúa, a partir de una parte inferior vertical (1 1 1 ), que define un alojamiento ajustable a las columnas (31 ) que conforman los largueros (3) y preferentemente dotada de un mecanismo de izado automático sobre las mismas (no representado), y una parte superior horizontal (1 12) que, como cualquier grúa, cuenta con un mecanismo de polea y cables para el izado de dichas columnas (31 ) desde el suelo y su desplazamiento dentro de la parte inferior vertical, tal como muestran las figuras 10 y 1 1 , para lo cual dichas columnas (31 ) están provistas en su base superior de un sistema de anclaje tal como una argolla (15) de enganche para acoplar el gancho de la plataforma (1 1 ), el cual sirve al mismo tiempo para enganche con la base inferior de la columna (31 ) que se fije superiormente, preferentemente, a través de un bulón (16) insertado en una cavidad a través de un orificio previsto al efecto, o con otro medio similar. In accordance with Figures 10 to 12, the self-elevating platform (1 1) comprising the robot (1) of the invention in its variant of structure (2) for façade is observed in detail, which, in the preferred embodiment consists of a profile armor formed, as a crane, from a vertical lower part (1 1 1), which defines an adjustable housing to the columns (31) that make up the stringers (3) and preferably equipped with an automatic lifting mechanism on them (not shown), and a horizontal upper part (1 12) that, like any crane, has a pulley and cable mechanism for lifting said columns (31) from the ground and their displacement within the lower vertical part, as shown in figures 10 and 1 1, for which said columns (31) are provided at their upper base with a system of anchor such as a hook ring (15) for attaching the hook of the platform (1 1), which serves at the same time for hooking with the lower base of the column (31) that is fixed superiorly, preferably, through a bolt (16) inserted in a cavity through a hole provided for that purpose, or with another similar means.
Además, la parte superior horizontal (1 12) de esta plataforma (1 1 ), como se observa en la figura 12, también incorpora los medios para realizar los agujeros en la estructura del edificio y atornillar las pletinas (12) de anclaje de la columna (31 ) los cuales comprenden una herramienta para taladrar (17) con inyector de aire, así como almacenadores (18) de tornillos y cambiador de herramientas. In addition, the horizontal upper part (1 12) of this platform (1 1), as seen in Figure 12, also incorporates the means for making the holes in the structure of the building and screwing the anchor plates (12) of the column (31) which comprise a tool for drilling (17) with air injector, as well as screw stores (18) and tool changer.
Con ello, las etapas de funcionamiento para el trepado de la plataforma (1 1 ) y conformado de los largueros (3) de la estructura (2) así como el atornillado de los anclajes de las columnas a la estructura de la construcción son las siguientes: With this, the operating stages for the climbing of the platform (1 1) and forming the stringers (3) of the structure (2) as well as the screwing of the column anchors to the construction structure are as follows :
- Anclaje de la primera columna (31 ) y posicionado de la plataforma (1 1 ) de forma manual y a cota 0 con un perfecto nivelado. - Anchoring the first column (31) and positioning the platform (1 1) manually and at level 0 with a perfect leveling.
- Elevación automática de la plataforma (1 1 ) hasta la siguiente altura, por encima de dicha primera columna (31 ).  - Automatic lifting of the platform (1 1) to the next height, above said first column (31).
- Izado mediante cable de acero u otro sistema similar de la siguiente columna (31 ), con su pletina (12) de anclaje a la pared ya incorporado, hasta la altura necesaria para situarla a nivel de la parte inferior (1 1 1 ) de la plataforma (1 1 ). - Lifted by steel cable or other similar system as follows column (31), with its plate (12) anchoring to the wall already incorporated, up to the height necessary to place it at the level of the bottom (1 1 1) of the platform (1 1).
- Guiado horizontal de esta nueva columna (31 ) hasta la vertical con la columna (31 ) inferior ya fijada y sobre la que se incorpora la plataforma (1 1 ) y apoyo sobre esta.  - Horizontal guidance of this new column (31) to the vertical with the lower column (31) already fixed and on which the platform (1 1) is incorporated and support on it.
- Accionamiento de herramienta para taladrar (17).  - Drilling tool drive (17).
- Limpieza mediante inyección de aire comprimido del agujero efectuado en la estructura del edificio.  - Cleaning by injection of compressed air from the hole made in the building structure.
- Cambio de herramienta automatizado.  - Automated tool change.
- Preparación de tornillos y atornillado del soporte.  - Preparation of screws and screwing of the support.
- Finalización y repetición del proceso.  - Completion and repetition of the process.
Preferentemente, el mecanismo de la plataforma (1 1 ) para izar y colocar la columna (31 ) en su posición consiste en un carro donde hay posicionado un motor que eleva mediante cable de acero la columna y una vez la columna (31 ) esté en posición este carro entra hasta la posición donde la columna debe quedar. Una vez en esta posición el motor baja la columna para que se traben los anclajes entre columnas (31 ). Preferably, the mechanism of the platform (1 1) for lifting and placing the column (31) in its position consists of a carriage where a motor is positioned that lifts the column by means of steel cable and once the column (31) is in position this car enters the position where the column should be. Once in this position the engine lowers the column so that the anchors between columns (31) are locked.
En una realización la plataforma cuenta en su parte inferior de un sistema automático para destrabar el bulón (16) o medio similar utilizado en el enganche de las columnas para permitir el desmontaje automatizado de las columnas (31 ). In one embodiment, the platform has at its bottom an automatic system to unlock the bolt (16) or similar means used in the hitch of the columns to allow automated dismantling of the columns (31).
Y el mecanismo para anclar las columnas (31 ) a la estructura del edificio consiste en una herramienta de taladrar (17) que cuenta con al menos dos taladros accionados preferentemente por un mismo motor y separados entre sí exactamente la distancia que hay entre los huecos de la pletina (12). Estos taladros se mueven en dirección a la pared por medio de un raíl y accionado preferentemente por cremallera y piñón. And the mechanism for anchoring the columns (31) to the building structure consists of a drilling tool (17) that has at least two drills preferably driven by the same motor and separated from each other exactly the distance between the gaps of the plate (12). These drills move in the direction of the wall by means of a rail and preferably driven by rack and pinion.
Una vez los agujeros han sido realizados se cambian las brocas por una herramienta de atornillado, se recoge el tornillo en el almacenador y se atornilla la columna a la construcción. Once the holes have been made, the drill bits are replaced by a screwing tool, the screw is collected in the storage and the column is screwed to the construction.
Para ello la estructura (1 1 ) cuenta con dos almacenadores (18) de tornillos que se desplazan separándose o acercándose entre sí para permitir que la herramienta coja los tornillos y liberar espacio después para que avance en dirección a la pared. To do this, the structure (1 1) has two screw stores (18) that move apart or close to each other to allow the tool to take the screws and free up space later to move towards the wall.
Este proceso se repite de forma sincronizada y vía controladora en todas las columnas (31 ) que serán elevadas de forma totalmente automatizada. This process is repeated in a synchronized and controlling way in all columns (31) that will be elevated in a fully automated way.
La plataforma (1 1 ) de elevación además cuenta preferentemente con un sistema de plegado que permite que toda en su conjunto pueda bajar de la estructura a través de las columnas previamente izadas. Esto es necesario para casos de mantenimiento o de rotura de algunas de las partes. The lifting platform (1 1) also preferably has a folding system that allows the whole as a whole to be able to lower the structure through the previously hoisted columns. This is necessary for cases of maintenance or breakage of some of the parts.
En una variante de construcción el sistema de abastecimiento de las canalizaciones (622) se realiza mediante drones guiado por la controladora. In a construction variant, the pipeline supply system (622) is carried out by drones guided by the controller.
En cuanto a la herramienta (6) que incorpora el robot (1 ) de la invención, tal como se observa en las figuras 13 a 21 , ésta consiste, preferentemente, en una demoledora regulable (60), una niveladora de superficies horizontales (61 ), una extrusora de material constructivo (62), una niveladora de superficies verticales (63), un disco de acabado y pulido (64), o en una extrusora de adhesivo y manipuladora (65), permitiendo la colocación intercambiable de cualquiera de ellas. Entrando más en los detalles, la demoledora regulable (60) está conformada por un dispositivo acoplado al carro (5) de la estructura (2) que contiene unos rodillos (601 ) de desbaste que son girados electromecánicamente y permiten demoler el revestimiento sobre el que se localiza. La herramienta cuenta con un sistema de regulación de la distancia a la que los rodillos (601 ) se localizan sobre ella misma. As for the tool (6) that incorporates the robot (1) of the invention, as seen in Figures 13 to 21, it preferably consists of an adjustable demolition (60), a horizontal surface leveler (61 ), an extruder of construction material (62), a vertical surface leveler (63), a finishing and polishing disc (64), or an adhesive and manipulator extruder (65), allowing the interchangeable placement of any of them . Going further into the details, the adjustable demolition (60) is made up of a device coupled to the carriage (5) of the structure (2) that contains roughing rollers (601) that are rotated electromechanically and allow demolishing the coating on which is located. The tool has a system for regulating the distance at which the rollers (601) are located on it.
Además, dicha demoledora regulable (60) u otra herramienta (6) que produzca residuos de modo similar puede comprender un dispositivo de vacío y recogida automática de residuos (7, 8), el cual si bien se ha representado en las figuras 1 a 3 para la estructura (2) en su variante de interior, también es aplicable para la estructura (2) en su variante de exterior y fachada. Para ello la herramienta (6), como se observa en las figuras 1 y 2, va conectada mediante una manguera (7) para el transporte de residuos a una bomba de vacío que recoge los residuos. In addition, said adjustable demolition (60) or other tool (6) that produces waste in a similar manner may comprise a vacuum device and automatic waste collection (7, 8), which although it is represented in Figures 1 to 3 for the structure (2) in its interior variant, it is also applicable for the structure (2) in its exterior and facade variant. For this, the tool (6), as seen in figures 1 and 2, is connected by means of a hose (7) for the transport of waste to a vacuum pump that collects the waste.
Esta bomba de vacío se localiza sobre un carretón (8) robotizado que se mueve controlado por la misma controladora de la estructura (2) y en base a la posición de la herramienta (6) para alargar o acortar la distancia con el fin de no entorpecer o crear doblas en la manguera (7). This vacuum pump is located on a robotized cart (8) that moves controlled by the same controller of the structure (2) and based on the position of the tool (6) to lengthen or shorten the distance in order not to hinder or create bends in the hose (7).
Además, la manguera (7) desemboca en un segundo carretón (8’) robótico que es a su vez una ensacadora automática. Preferentemente, la conexión de la manguera (7) a este segundo carretón (8’) se realiza mediante una válvula que se ancla y desancla al mismo de forma automática de tal forma que cuando necesita moverse hasta la zona de descarga de los sacos lo pueda hacer. El proceso funciona de la siguiente forma: In addition, the hose (7) empties into a second robotic cart (8 ') which is in turn an automatic bagger. Preferably, the connection of the hose (7) to this second cart (8 ') is carried out by means of a valve that is automatically anchored and disengaged in such a way that when it needs to move to the unloading area of the bags it can do. The process works as follows:
Una vez los sacos del carretón (8’) están llenos la controladora manda la señal para la herramienta (6) y la bomba de vacío parar, una vez parados manda la señal a la válvula de la manguera para desanclar el segundo carretón (8’) del primero (8). Después de esto el carretón (8’) se mueve guiado por la controladora hasta el local previamente especificado para realizar la descarga de los sacos y posteriormente vuelve a anclarse al primer carretón (8) para continuar el proceso. Once the bags of the cart (8 ') are full the controller sends the signal for the tool (6) and the vacuum pump stops, once stopped it sends the signal to the hose valve to disassemble the second cart (8' ) of the first (8). After this, the cart (8 ’) moves guided by the controller to the previously specified place to unload the bags and subsequently re-anchored to the first cart (8) to continue the process.
Atendiendo a la figura 14 se observa un ejemplo de la herramienta (6) cuando está constituida por una niveladora de superficies horizontales (61 ), la cual está conformada por un colector (61 1 ) conectado a una bomba de transporte helicoidal por donde se transporta un material constructivo en estado líquido, que puede ser de base de cemento entre otros, que permite que el material constructivo pueda salir de forma homogénea y ser depositado en la superficie con la cantidad necesaria. According to figure 14, an example of the tool (6) is observed when it is constituted by a horizontal surface grader (61), which is formed by a manifold (61 1) connected to a helical transport pump through which it is transported a constructive material in a liquid state, which can be cement based among others, which allows the constructive material to be able to exit homogeneously and be deposited on the surface with the necessary amount.
Para ello, dicho colector (61 1 ) está conectado a una canalización principal (612) que lleva instalada una válvula (613) que permite ser cerrada o abierta de forma remota y sincronizada con las bombas principales y/o secundarias y con los sensores que marcan la posición del carro (5) o su perfil perpendicular (9) constituyente de eje Z de la estructura (2). Esta herramienta (61 ) puede llevar instalados sensores de profundidad para determinar la distancia hasta la superficie donde será depositado el material y mandar esta señal a la controladora. For this, said manifold (61 1) is connected to a main pipe (612) that has a valve (613) installed that allows it to be closed or opened remotely and synchronized with the main and / or secondary pumps and with the sensors that mark the position of the carriage (5) or its perpendicular profile (9) constituting the Z axis of the structure (2). This tool (61) can have depth sensors installed to determine the distance to the surface where the material will be deposited and send this signal to the controller.
Además, junto al colector (61 1 ) va instalada una regla (614) que preferentemente está sujeta a una fijación (615) solidaria a un soporte (616) que permite su deslizamiento, realiza, gracias a un mecanismo de retorno rápido (617) movido por un motor (618), un movimiento longitudinal que hace que el material depositado pueda ser además de adensado (por efecto de la vibración que este mecanismo produce) nivelado perfectamente. Pueden ser instalados también, en caso necesario, elementos que produzcan vibración en esta regla (614) para aumentar la capacidad de vibración. Se puede disponer un sistema anti vibratorio en la fijación (615) de esta herramienta con el soporte (616) principal para evitar traspasar la vibración al resto de la misma. Preferentemente, dicha fijación (615) de la regla (614) comprende unas guías lineares que permiten el deslizamiento longitudinal de la regla (614), que se conecta con el colector (61 1 ) a través de un eje para permitir el giro y con el soporte (616) de la herramienta mediante dos actuadores (619) que pueden ser neumáticos o eléctricos para que, mediante la acción de los mismos, se pueda cambiar la orientación de la regla (614) al respecto del plano perpendicular. In addition, next to the manifold (61 1) a ruler (614) is installed which is preferably subject to a fixation (615) integral with a support (616) that allows its sliding, it is made, thanks to a return mechanism fast (617) driven by a motor (618), a longitudinal movement that makes the deposited material can be in addition to pressing (due to the vibration that this mechanism produces) perfectly leveled. Elements that produce vibration in this rule (614) can also be installed, if necessary, to increase the vibration capacity. An anti-vibration system can be arranged in the fixation (615) of this tool with the main support (616) to avoid transferring the vibration to the rest of it. Preferably, said fixation (615) of the ruler (614) comprises linear guides that allow the longitudinal sliding of the ruler (614), which is connected to the manifold (61 1) through an axis to allow rotation and with the support (616) of the tool by means of two actuators (619) that can be pneumatic or electric so that, by their action, the orientation of the ruler (614) with respect to the perpendicular plane can be changed.
Estos actuadores (619) pueden estar sincronizados con los sensores de profundidad instalados en la herramienta (61 ) para adaptarse al terreno donde está siendo depositado el material. These actuators (619) can be synchronized with the depth sensors installed in the tool (61) to adapt to the terrain where the material is being deposited.
Atendiendo a la figura 15 se observa otro ejemplo de la herramienta (6), en este caso consistente en una extrusora de material constructivo (62), la cual comprende un tubo cuadrado (621 ) conectado a la canalización (622) por donde se transporta un material constructivo en estado líquido, que puede ser de base de cemento entre otros, para depositar en el lugar determinado por la controladora una cantidad de material específico formando capas unas encima de las otras o unas al lado de las otras conformando tanto elementos verticales como horizontales. Dicha herramienta (62) está constituida por la misma canalización principal y la válvula de la herramienta anterior, a la cual, en este caso, se le acopla el citado tubo cuadrado (621 ) de mayor longitud para poder alcanzar las cotas inferiores de las excavaciones que quedan por debajo del nivel de las bases de apoyo de los montantes (3) de la estructura (2). Esta herramienta extrusora de material constructivo (62) se utiliza específicamente para crear estructuras de material constructivo que pueden, entre otras cosas, servir de encofrados para posterior recepción de material estructural para conformar, por ejemplo, bancos u otros elementos decorativos. According to Figure 15, another example of the tool (6) is observed, in this case consisting of an extruder of construction material (62), which comprises a square tube (621) connected to the pipe (622) where it is transported a constructive material in a liquid state, which can be of cement base among others, to deposit in the place determined by the controller an amount of specific material forming layers on top of each other or next to each other forming both vertical elements and horizontal. Said tool (62) is constituted by the same main pipe and the valve of the previous tool, to which, in this case, the said square tube (621) of greater length is coupled to be able to reach the lower dimensions of the excavations that are below the level of the support bases of the uprights (3) of the structure (2). This construction material extruder tool (62) is specifically used to create structures of construction material that can, among other things, serve as formwork for subsequent reception of structural material to form, for example, benches or other decorative elements.
En las figuras 16 y 17 se observa otro ejemplo del tipo que herramienta que puede incorporar el robot (1 ) de la invención, concretamente una niveladora de superficies verticales (63) destinada a realizar revestimientos continuos con diferentes materiales sobre paramentos verticales de muros y paredes. In Figures 16 and 17, another example of the type of tool that the robot (1) of the invention can incorporate, specifically a vertical surface grader (63), is intended to make continuous coatings with different materials on vertical walls of walls and walls .
Dicha niveladora (63) puede comprender una canalización (632) de guiado y movimiento oscilante que suelta una cantidad de material constructivo determinada y estando conectada a un conducto (630) de aire comprimido consigue proyectar el material sobre el soporte vertical. La herramienta cuenta además con una regla (634) móvil, vibratoria y articulada que, gracias a actuadores (639) neumáticos o eléctricos guiados por la controladora realiza el alineado del material sobre la superficie. La herramienta puede contar con sensores para medir la profundidad hasta dicha superficie además de un medidor de caudal en la salida de las canalizaciones (632, 630) que mandan informaciones a la controladora para guiar el movimiento. La abertura y cierre tanto de material constructivo como de aire comprimido se realiza mediante válvulas (633) y por medio de controladora y en base a la posición del cabezal inferior del perfile perpendicular (9) al que se acopla la herramienta y constituye el eje“Z” de la estructura (2). La regla (634), sujeta a una fijación (635) que la vincula a un soporte (636) y movida por actuadores (639) con mecanismo de retorno rápido (637), hace un giro para acoplarse sobre la superficie a tratar y poder hacer así el alineado del material mientras es proyectado sobre el paramento a través de la boquilla (631 ) prevista al final de la canalización (632). Said leveler (63) can comprise a channeling (632) of guiding and oscillating movement that releases a certain amount of construction material and being connected to a conduit (630) of compressed air manages to project the material on the vertical support. The tool also has a mobile, vibratory and articulated ruler (634) which, thanks to pneumatic or electric actuators (639) guided by the controller, aligns the material on the surface. The tool can have sensors to measure the depth to said surface in addition to a flow meter at the outlet of the pipes (632, 630) that send information to the controller to guide the movement. The opening and closing of both construction material and compressed air is carried out by means of valves (633) and by means of a controller and based on the position of the lower head of the perpendicular profile (9) to which the tool is attached and constitutes the axis “ Z "of the structure (2). The rule (634), subject to a fixation (635) that links it to a support (636) and moved by actuators (639) with fast return mechanism (637), makes a turn to engage on the surface to be treated and able do so the alignment of the material while it is projected on the wall through the nozzle (631) provided at the end of the pipe (632).
Al mismo tiempo que el material es proyectado, la regla (634) va haciendo el nivelado. La boquilla (631 ) de salida de material oscila horizontalmente de forma mecánica dentro de un raíl guía (638) para que el material sea colocado en el paramento de la pared en todo el ancho que la regla (634) abarca. At the same time that the material is projected, the ruler (634) is leveling. The material outlet nozzle (631) swings horizontally mechanically within a guide rail (638) so that the material is placed on the wall of the wall across the entire width that the ruler (634) covers.
La herramienta niveladora de superficies verticales (63) puede variar su curvatura para adaptarse a diferentes formas, para ello será necesario cambiar el conjunto formado por regla (634) y raíl guía (638) oscilante de la boquilla (631 ) de proyección. Igualmente se puede conformar la estructura con materiales flexibles que cambien su curvatura con actuadores eléctricos o neumáticos. The vertical surface leveling tool (63) can vary its curvature to adapt to different shapes, for this it will be necessary to change the assembly formed by ruler (634) and oscillating guide rail (638) of the projection nozzle (631). The structure can also be formed with flexible materials that change their curvature with electric or pneumatic actuators.
Atendiendo a las figuras 18 y 19 se observa otra opción de la herramienta (6), concretamente como un disco de acabado y pulido (64) el cual comprende un motor de giro (641 ) de altas rpm (revoluciones por minuto) que hace girar un disco de protección (644) rígido al que se acoplan discos de diferentes materiales, preferentemente un disco de acabado (643) de materiales tales como poliuretano, teflón, polímeros plásticos, u otro, para proporcionar diferentes tipos de acabados al paramento mediante movimientos giratorios y de presión, el cual fijado mediante tiras de velero sobre un disco de soporte (644) de plástico que, a su vez, va fijado al disco de protección (642), estando unido, al igual que este, al eje de giro y soporte (645) del motor de giro (641 ). According to figures 18 and 19, another option of the tool (6) is observed, specifically as a finishing and polishing disc (64) which comprises a rotating motor (641) of high rpm (revolutions per minute) that rotates a rigid protection disk (644) to which discs of different materials are coupled, preferably a finishing disc (643) of materials such as polyurethane, Teflon, plastic polymers, or other, to provide different types of finishes to the wall by rotating movements and of pressure, which fixed by means of sailboat strips on a support disk (644) of plastic that, in turn, is fixed to the protection disk (642), being attached, like this one, to the axis of rotation and support (645) of the rotation motor (641).
La herramienta de disco de acabado y pulido (64) cuenta con una canalización (646) con boquilla pulverizadora (647) para pulverizar agua sobre el paramento. Cuenta además con sensores de presión que determinan el esfuerzo que habrá que hacer por parte de la herramienta sobre el paramento y la cantidad de agua que habrá que pulverizar, todo lo cual es determinado por la controladora y en base también a la posición del carro o perfil perpendicular (9) del eje“Z” en que se acopla. The finishing and polishing disc tool (64) has a pipe (646) with a spray nozzle (647) to spray water onto the wall. It also has pressure sensors that determine the effort to be made by the tool on the wall and the amount of water to be sprayed, all of which is determined by the controller and also based on the position of the car or perpendicular profile (9) of the "Z" axis in which it is engaged.
Además, la herramienta (64) está articulada mediante un motor eléctrico de posicionamiento (648) con sensor de posición que permite su giro en 180Q y dispone de un sistema de medición de profundidad para adaptarse a diferentes superficies. In addition, the tool (64) is articulated by an electric positioning motor (648) with position sensor that allows its rotation in 180 Q and has a depth measurement system to adapt to different surfaces.
Finalmente, las figuras 20 y 21 muestran como sería la unión de dos herramientas, una extrusora de adhesivo y una manipuladora (65), la cual preferentemente comprende un colector (651 ) conectado a la canalización (652) de materiales constructivos con salida con ranuras por donde va saliendo y depositando en la pared o el paramento determinado un material adhesivo sobre el que se colocará posteriormente una placa o panel de revestimiento (22) que puede ser por ejemplo cerámico. Finally, Figures 20 and 21 show how the union of two tools would be, an adhesive extruder and a manipulator (65), which preferably comprises a manifold (651) connected to the pipe (652) of construction materials with grooved outlets. where it is leaving and depositing on the wall or the determined wall an adhesive material on which a plate or panel of lining (22) will be placed which can be for example ceramic.
Además la misma herramienta extrusora de adhesivo y manipuladora (65) lleva instalada un manipulador de vacío que, compuesto por una ventosa (655) conectada a un conducto de vacío (656) consigue recoger del stock realizado en lugar específico dicho revestimiento (22) y aplicarlo en la pared u otro soporte en la posición exacta y de forma precisa sirviéndose para ello de sensores de presión que garantizan la perfecta colocación. La herramienta (65) cambia la función gracias a un motor de posicionamiento (654) que mueve un soporte (653) en ángulo recto al que se acoplan la ventosa (655) y el colector (651 ) haciéndolos girar en el plano perpendicular de“X-Y”. Además, puede contar con sensores de posición que envían estas señales a la controladora. In addition, the same adhesive and manipulator extruder tool (65) has a vacuum manipulator installed which, composed of a suction cup (655) connected to a vacuum duct (656), manages to collect said coating (22) from the stock made in a specific place. apply it on the wall or other support in the exact position and precisely using pressure sensors that guarantee perfect placement. The tool (65) changes the function thanks to a positioning motor (654) that moves a support (653) at a right angle to which the suction cup (655) and the manifold (651) are coupled by rotating them in the perpendicular plane of “ XY. " In addition, you can have position sensors that send these signals to the controller.
La salida de material en el colector (651 ) lleva un medidor de caudal y un sensor de presión también conectados a la controladora. Y la ventosa (655) del sistema de manipulación por vacío lleva instalado un sensor de presión y un actuador conectado a la controladora. Todos estos sensores mandan información a la controladora y junto con los datos de posición del perfil perpendicular que constituye el eje“Z” de la estructura (2) del robot (1 ) se mandan ejecutar las órdenes. Otra variante de herramienta (6) consiste en un sistema de medición de la superficie sobre la que se posiciona que permite observar e identificar problemas en la superficie o internamente que a simple vista no se verían tal como un sistema de rayos x. Además, se puede incluir un escáner que nos hará la lectura de la superficie y que nos permitirá digitalizar la superficie para posteriormente definir las tareas a realizar. The material outlet in the manifold (651) has a flowmeter and a pressure sensor also connected to the controller. And the suction cup (655) of the vacuum handling system has a pressure sensor and an actuator connected to the controller. All these sensors send information to the controller and together with the position data of the perpendicular profile that constitutes the “Z” axis of the structure (2) of the robot (1) the orders are sent to execute. Another tool variant (6) consists of a surface measurement system on which it is positioned that allows observing and identifying problems on the surface or internally that at first glance would not be seen such as an x-ray system. In addition, you can include a scanner that will make us read the surface and allow us to digitize the surface and then define the tasks to be performed.
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan, haciéndose constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otros modos de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba siempre que no se altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental. Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle .

Claims

Figure imgf000026_0001
Figure imgf000026_0001
1 Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones caracterizado por comprender una estructura (2) de perfiles que comprende, 1 Robot for reforms and rehabilitations characterized by comprising a structure (2) of profiles comprising,
• uno o más largueros (3) paralelos fijos, verticales o longitudinales,• one or more fixed, vertical or longitudinal parallel stringers (3),
• al menos una barra (4) transversal móvil, perpendicular a los largueros (3) y desplazable de extremo a extremo entre dichos largueros (3) mediante motores, y al menos un carro (5) de sujeción de una herramienta (6) que también es móvil y desplazable de extremo a extremo a lo largo de la barra (4) transversal también mediante motor, configurando dicha estructura (2) un sistema móvil de coordenadas cartesianas que permite transportar tal herramienta (6) a cualquier punto del plano frente al que se instala la estructura (2), siendo movida mediante una controladora a la que se encuentra vinculada, y que recibe señales provenientes de sensores de posición de los motores y/o de sensores específicos previstos en la herramienta (6). • at least one mobile transverse bar (4), perpendicular to the stringers (3) and movable from end to end between said stringers (3) by motors, and at least one carriage (5) holding a tool (6) that it is also mobile and movable from end to end along the transverse bar (4) also by motor, said structure (2) configuring a mobile system of Cartesian coordinates that allows such tool (6) to be transported to any point of the plane in front of the that the structure (2) is installed, being moved by means of a controller to which it is linked, and that it receives signals from engine position sensors and / or specific sensors provided in the tool (6).
2.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque, en una variante de realización con estructura (2) aplicable a interiores, los largueros (3) y la barra (4) son de longitud regulable. 2. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 1, characterized in that, in a variant embodiment with structure (2) applicable to interiors, the stringers (3) and the bar (4) are of adjustable length.
3.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque los perfiles que definen dichos largueros (3) y dicha barra (4) son huecos e incorporan en su interior un dispositivo mecánico que permite que la barra (4) o eje X se mueva sobre los largueros (3) o eje Y y que el carro (5) de sujeción de una herramienta (6) también pueda ser movido sobre la barra (4) de forma precisa y controlada vía controladora. 3. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 2, characterized in that the profiles defining said stringers (3) and said bar (4) are hollow and incorporate inside a mechanical device that allows the bar (4) or X axis moves on the stringers (3) or Y axis and that the carriage (5) holding a tool (6) can also be moved on the bar (4) precisely and controlled via the controller.
4.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque dicho dispositivo mecánico está compuesto por una correa o cadena y polea conectadas al motor que lo hace girar, siendo esta correa o cadena regulable para ajustar su longitud conforme la longitud variable de la estructura. 4. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 3, characterized in that said mechanical device is composed of a belt or chain and pulley connected to the motor that rotates it, this belt or chain being adjustable to adjust its length according to the variable length of the structure.
5.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 2 a 4, caracterizado porque los largueros (3) llevan un ajuste (10) superior e inferior para su anclaje a techos, suelos, a paredes o elementos que delimitan el espacio donde se quiera instalar. 5. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the stringers (3) have an upper and lower adjustment (10) for anchoring to ceilings, floors, walls or elements that delimit the space Where you want to install.
6.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque, en una variante de realización con estructura (2) aplicable a fachadas, los largueros (3) de la estructura (2) son siempre verticales y están conformados por columnas (31 ) superpuestas una encima de otra que tienen, en su parte superior y/o inferior, una pletina de anclaje (12) para su fijación, mediante tornillería específica, a la estructura de la construcción. 6. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 1, characterized in that, in an embodiment variant with structure (2) applicable to facades, the stringers (3) of the structure (2) are always vertical and are made up of columns (31) superimposed on top of each other that have, at their top and / or bottom, an anchor plate (12) for fixing, by means of specific screws, to the structure of the construction.
7. Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque la barra (4) transversal está dividida en segmentos (41 ) coincidiendo el espacio de tales divisiones con el encuentro de los largueros (3). 7. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transverse bar (4) is divided into segments (41) coinciding with the space of such divisions with the meeting of the stringers (3).
8. Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 7, caracterizado porque las barras (4) transversales pueden tener movimientos independientes y transportar cada una un carro (5). 8. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 7, characterized in that the transverse bars (4) can have independent movements and each transport a carriage (5).
9.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 7-8, caracterizado porque el carro (5) para la herramienta (6) tiene ruedas o soportes por los que desliza a lo largo de las barras (4) transversales suficientemente rígidos (13) para pasar por el espacio que separa dichos segmentos (41 ) sin desestabilizarse o perder precisión. 9.- Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of the Claims 7-8, characterized in that the carriage (5) for the tool (6) has wheels or supports through which it slides along the cross bars (4) sufficiently rigid (13) to pass through the space separating said segments (41) without destabilizing or losing precision.
10.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 a 1 1 , caracterizado porque la estructura (2) comprende una barra adicional (4’) móvil que funciona de forma manual y ajena a la controladora, mediante mecanismo apropiado, que incorpora una cabina (14) también móvil a lo largo de dicha barra adicional (4’) donde se puede subir una persona y desplazarla a cualquier punto del área que abarca la estructura (2). 10. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 6 to 1 1, characterized in that the structure (2) comprises an additional mobile bar (4 ') that operates manually and outside the controller, by appropriate mechanism, which incorporates a cabin (14) also mobile along said additional bar (4 ') where a person can be climbed and moved to any point in the area covered by the structure (2).
1 1 . Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 a 10, caracterizado porque la estructura (2) comprende una barra adicional (4’) móvil vía controladora, mediante mecanismo apropiado, que incorpora una cabina (14) también móvil a lo largo de dicha barra adicional (4’) donde se pueden almacenar materiales de los que la herramienta (6) hará uso mediante sistema de recogida automático dependiendo del tipo de material, herramienta y tarea que se vaya a ejecutar. eleven . Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the structure (2) comprises an additional bar (4 ') movable via a control, by means of an appropriate mechanism, incorporating a cabin (14) also movable along of said additional bar (4 ') where materials can be stored from which the tool (6) will make use by automatic collection system depending on the type of material, tool and task to be executed.
12. Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 a 1 1 , caracterizado porque la estructura (2) comprende una plataforma (1 1 ) auto elevable y de auto anclado a la estructura del edificio. 12. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 6 to 1 1, characterized in that the structure (2) comprises a platform (1 1) self-elevating and self-anchored to the structure of the building.
13.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 12, caracterizado porque la plataforma (1 1 ) auto elevable consiste en una armadura de perfiles conformada, a modo de grúa, a partir de una parte inferior vertical (1 1 1 ), que define un alojamiento ajustable a las columnas (31 ) que conforman los largueros (3) y dotada de un mecanismo de izado automático sobre las mismas, y una parte superior horizontal (1 12) que cuenta con un mecanismo de polea y cables para izado de las columnas (31 ) desde el suelo y desplazamiento dentro de la parte inferior vertical. 13. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 12, characterized in that the self-elevating platform (1 1) consists of a profile armor formed, as a crane, from one part vertical bottom (1 1 1), which defines an adjustable housing to the columns (31) that make up the stringers (3) and equipped with an automatic lifting mechanism on them, and a horizontal upper part (1 12) that has a pulley mechanism and cables for lifting the columns (31) from the ground and moving inside the vertical lower part.
14.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 13, caracterizado porque la parte superior horizontal (1 12) de la plataforma (1 1 ) incorpora medios para realizar agujeros en la estructura de la construcción y atornillar las pletinas (12) de anclaje de la columna (31 ), estos medios para realizar agujeros y atornillar pletinas comprenden una herramienta para taladrar y atornillar (17) con inyector de aire, almacenadores automáticos (18) de tornillos y cambiador automático de herramientas. 14. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 13, characterized in that the horizontal upper part (1 12) of the platform (1 1) incorporates means for making holes in the structure of the construction and screwing the plates (12) of Anchoring the column (31), these means for making holes and screwing plates comprise a tool for drilling and screwing (17) with an air injector, automatic screw stores (18) and automatic tool changer.
15.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 a 14, caracterizado porque las columnas (31 ) están provistas en su base superior de una argolla (15) de enganche para acoplar el gancho de izado de la plataforma (1 1 ), el cual sirve al mismo tiempo para enganche con la base inferior de la columna (31 ) que se fije superiormente, por ejemplo, a través de un bulón (16) o medio similar. 15. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the columns (31) are provided on their upper base with a hook ring (15) for coupling the platform lifting hook (1 1), which at the same time serves to engage with the lower base of the column (31) that is fixed superiorly, for example, through a bolt (16) or similar means.
16. Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 15, caracterizado porque la plataforma cuenta en su parte inferior de un sistema automático para destrabar el bulón (16) o medio similar utilizado en el enganche de las columnas para permitir el desmontaje automatizado de las columnas (31 ). 16. Robot for renovations and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 15, characterized in that the platform has at its bottom an automatic system to unlock the bolt (16) or similar means used in the hitch of the columns to allow automated disassembly of the columns (31).
17.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 12 a 16, caracterizado porque la plataforma (1 1 ) de elevación es plegable para bajarla de la estructura (2) a través de las columnas (31 ) previamente izadas. 17. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the platform (1 1) of The lift is foldable to lower it from the structure (2) through the previously hoisted columns (31).
18.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque el carro (5) de sujeción de la herramienta (6) incluye un perfil perpendicular (9) a la barra (4) transversal móvil que mueve la herramienta (6) que sujeta constituyendo así el eje Z, es decir, hacia adelante o atrás en dirección al elemento sobre el que se quiera trabajar. 18. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the carriage (5) for holding the tool (6) includes a profile perpendicular (9) to the mobile transverse bar (4) that moves the tool ( 6) that holds thus constituting the Z axis, that is, forward or backward in the direction of the element on which you want to work.
19.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de la reivindicación 18 caracterizado porque el perfil perpendiculargira en 360Q para permitir que la herramienta (6) se coloque en una determinada posición y/o el perfil perpendicular está articulado mediante un motor eléctrico de posicionamiento (648) con sensor de posición que permite su giro en 180Q 19. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claim 18 characterized in that the perpendicular profile rotates in 360 Q to allow the tool (6) to be placed in a certain position and / or the perpendicular profile is articulated by an electric motor of positioning (648) with position sensor that allows its rotation in 180 Q
20.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 19, caracterizado porque el carro (5) está asociado a un sistema telescópico tal como un mecanismo de pistón hidráulico, un actuador eléctrico o neumático o un mecanismo eléctrico tipo cremallera y piñón de tal forma que dicho perfil al retraerse no pueda impactar con las columnas del eje Y. 20. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 19, characterized in that the carriage (5) is associated with a telescopic system such as a hydraulic piston mechanism, an electric or pneumatic actuator or an electric mechanism type rack and pinion of such so that said profile when retracting cannot impact with the columns of the Y axis.
21 .- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en una demoledora regulable (60) que contiene rodillos (601 ) de desbaste girados electromecánicamente y sistema de regulación de la distancia a la que los rodillos (601 ) se localizan sobre la superficie a trabajar. 21. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists of an adjustable demolition machine (60) containing electromechanically rotated roughing rollers (601) and distance regulation system a which the rollers (601) are located on the surface to be worked.
22.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 21 , caracterizado porque la demoledora regulable (60) va conectada a un dispositivo de vacío y recogida automática de residuos (7, 8). 22. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 21, characterized in that the adjustable demolition (60) is connected to a vacuum device and automatic waste collection (7, 8).
23.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 22 caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) demoledora regulable (60) va conectada mediante una manguera (7) de transporte de residuos a una bomba de vacío que recoge los residuos localizada sobre un carretón (8) robotizado controlado por la controladora en base a la posición de la herramienta (6). 23. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 22, characterized in that the adjustable demolishing tool (6) is connected by a waste transport hose (7) to a vacuum pump that collects the waste located on a cart (8) robotized controlled by the controller based on the position of the tool (6).
24.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 23, caracterizado porque la manguera (7) desemboca en un segundo carretón (8’) robótico que es a su vez una ensacadora automática de residuos. 24. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 23, characterized in that the hose (7) flows into a second robotic cart (8 ’) which is in turn an automatic waste bagger.
25.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en una niveladora de superficies horizontales y/o verticales (61 ) que comprende una regla (634) con un colector (61 1 ) conectado a una bomba de transporte de material constructivo en estado líquido en una canalización principal (612). 25. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists of a horizontal and / or vertical surface leveler (61) comprising a ruler (634) with a collector ( 61 1) connected to a liquid transport pump in a main state (612).
26.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación anterior, caracterizado porque la regla (634) está sujeta a una fijación (635) que la vincula a un soporte (636) y movida por actuadores (639) con mecanismo de retorno rápido (637), y la boquilla (631 ) oscila horizontalmente de forma mecánica dentro de un raíl guía (638). 26.- Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the rule (634) is subject to a fixation (635) that links it to a support (636) and moved by actuators (639) with quick return mechanism (637), and the nozzle (631) oscillates horizontally mechanically within a guide rail (638).
27.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en una extrusora de material constructivo (62) que comprende al menos una boquilla (621 ) conectada a la canalización (622) por donde se transporta material constructivo en estado líquido, para depositar en el lugar determinado por la controladora formando capas unas encima de las otras para formar elementos verticales o unas al lado de la otra para formar elementos horizontales. 27.- Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists in an extruder of construction material (62) comprising at least one nozzle (621) connected to the pipe (622) through which construction material is transported in a liquid state, to deposit in the place determined by the controller forming layers one above the others to form vertical elements or next to each other to form horizontal elements.
28.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en una boquilla (631 ) que suelta material constructivo, estando conectada a un conducto (630) de aire comprimido para proyectar el material sobre cualquier superficie. 28. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists of a nozzle (631) that releases constructive material, being connected to a conduit (630) of compressed air to project the material on any surface.
29.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en un disco de acabado y pulido (64) el cual comprende un motor de giro (641 ) de altas rpm que hace girar un disco de soporte (644) de plástico rígido al que se acopla mediante tiras de velero un disco de acabado (643) de materiales tales como poliuretano, teflón, polímeros plásticos, u otro, que, a su vez, van fijados al eje del motor (645) y están protegidos exteriormente por un disco de protección (642), la herramienta constituida también por una canalización (646) con boquilla pulverizadora (647) así como sensores de presión conectados a la controladora. 29. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists of a finishing and polishing disc (64) which comprises a high rpm rotation motor (641) that rotates a rigid plastic support disk (644) to which a finishing disk (643) of materials such as polyurethane, Teflon, plastic polymers, or other, which, in turn, are fixed to the motor shaft (645) and are protected externally by a protective disk (642), the tool also consists of a pipe (646) with spray nozzle (647) as well as pressure sensors connected to the controller.
30.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según la reivindicación 29, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) disco de acabado y pulido (64) está articulada mediante un motor eléctrico de posicionamiento (648) con sensor de posición que permite su giro en 180Q y sistema de medición de profundidad para adaptarse a diferentes superficies. 30. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to claim 29, characterized in that the tool (6) finishing and polishing disc (64) is articulated by an electric positioning motor (648) with position sensor that allows its rotation in 180 Q and depth measurement system to adapt to different surfaces.
31 .- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en una manipuladora (65) que comprende un manipulador de vacío compuesto por una ventosa (655) que recoge, del stock previsto en lugar específico, una placa o panel de revestimiento (22) y lo aplica en la posición determinada. 31. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists of a manipulator (65) comprising a vacuum manipulator composed of a suction cup (655) that collects, from the stock provided in a specific place, a siding plate or panel (22) and applies it in the determined position.
32.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en una extrusora de adhesivo que comprende un colector (651 ) conectado a una canalización (652) de materiales por donde sale material adhesivo para depositarlo en un lugar determinado. 32.- Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists of an adhesive extruder comprising a manifold (651) connected to a pipe (652) of materials through which it exits Adhesive material to deposit it in a certain place.
33.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20, caracterizado porque la herramienta (6) consiste en un sistema de medición de la superficie sobre la que se posiciona que permite observar e identificar problemas en la superficie que a simple vista no se verían. 33.- Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the tool (6) consists of a system for measuring the surface on which it is positioned that allows observing and identifying problems on the surface that The naked eye would not be seen.
34.- Robot para reformas y rehabilitaciones, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 20 caracterizado porque el sistema de abastecimiento de las canalizaciones (622) se realiza mediante drones guiado por la controladora. 34. Robot for reforms and rehabilitations, according to any of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the supply system of the pipes (622) is carried out by drones guided by the controller.
PCT/ES2019/070252 2018-04-10 2019-04-10 Robot for refurbishment and repair WO2019197701A1 (en)

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ES201830357A ES2726918B2 (en) 2018-04-10 2018-04-10 ROBOT FOR REFORMS AND REHABILITATIONS.
ESP201830357 2018-04-10

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FR3140101A1 (en) * 2022-09-22 2024-03-29 Jonathan Russier METHOD FOR COVERING A WALL AND MOBILE ROBOT FOR INSTALLING SUPPORTS ON A WALL

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FR3140101A1 (en) * 2022-09-22 2024-03-29 Jonathan Russier METHOD FOR COVERING A WALL AND MOBILE ROBOT FOR INSTALLING SUPPORTS ON A WALL

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ES2726918B2 (en) 2021-08-23

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