WO2019174352A1 - 固态加氢装置 - Google Patents

固态加氢装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019174352A1
WO2019174352A1 PCT/CN2018/123006 CN2018123006W WO2019174352A1 WO 2019174352 A1 WO2019174352 A1 WO 2019174352A1 CN 2018123006 W CN2018123006 W CN 2018123006W WO 2019174352 A1 WO2019174352 A1 WO 2019174352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogenation unit
solid state
tank
raw material
return
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/123006
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林黎明
黄辉忠
Original Assignee
正泰集团股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2019174352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019174352A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/10—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks concerning gas-producing plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
    • B65G53/24—Gas suction systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/34—Details
    • B65G53/66—Use of indicator or control devices, e.g. for controlling gas pressure, for controlling proportions of material and gas, for indicating or preventing jamming of material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of equipment, and in particular to a solid state hydrogenation device.
  • the current hydrogenation unit is mainly composed of gaseous hydrogen or liquid hydrogen, and no solid hydrogen device can be added.
  • Solid hydrogen a solid form of hydrogen in a non-traditional sense, but a metal hydride that combines hydrogen with a metal and exists in solid form. Compared with liquid hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen, solid hydrogen can not only be stored at room temperature, but also has the advantage of high safety.
  • the existing hydrogenation unit is generally dominated by gas hydrogen or liquid hydrogen, and has the following problems:
  • the entire link requires torpedo vehicles to transport liquid hydrogen or gas hydrogen to the hydrogenation unit, in the process of gasification (for liquid hydrogen only), pressurization, drying, etc., and finally the pressure of the hydrogen energy vehicle is 30 MPa.
  • the pressure of the hydrogen energy vehicle is 30 MPa.
  • the -70 MPa hydrogen storage tank there are major safety hazards in the transportation process and the use process;
  • the liquid hydrogen hydrogenation unit requires equipment such as liquid hydrogen tank, gasifier, compressor, etc.
  • the gas hydrogen hydrogenation unit requires high-pressure gas cylinder group, compressor, and gas cylinder group in the station, and the equipment and operation cost are high;
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a solid state hydrogenation apparatus which can realize synchronous operation of feeding and recovery and has good safety.
  • a solid state hydrogenation unit comprising a hydrogenation unit control system, a feed gun 28, a raw material supply system for storing metal hydrides, and a by-product for storing the recovered metal hydride and the liquid reactant
  • the material recovery system, the hydrogenation unit control system is connected with the raw material supply system and the return material recovery system, and the water supply unit 4 for conveying the liquid reactants, and the raw material supply system is respectively fed and fed through the return pipe 32 through the feeding pipe 22 and the returning material recovery system
  • the guns 28 are connected.
  • the utility model further comprises a fan system, wherein the hydrogenation device control system comprises a metering controller 5, and the metering controller 5 is connected to the fan system, and the fan system is respectively connected with the raw material supply system and the returning material recovery system.
  • the hydrogenation device control system comprises a metering controller 5
  • the metering controller 5 is connected to the fan system, and the fan system is respectively connected with the raw material supply system and the returning material recovery system.
  • the fan system includes a blower fan system for conveying a gas stream and a suction fan system for forming a negative air pressure; the blower fan system is coupled to a material supply system, and the suction fan system is coupled to the return material recovery system.
  • the blowing fan system comprises a blowing fan 6, a first filter 81 connected to the blowing fan 6 in sequence, a first air switching valve 8, and a second air tube 82 respectively connected to the first air switching valve 8, a fourth air tube 83;
  • the blowing fan 6, the first air switching valve 8 is connected to the metering controller 5, the fourth air tube 83 is connected to the returning material recovery system, and the second air tube 82 is connected to the material supply system;
  • the suction fan system includes a suction fan 7, a second filter 91 connected to the suction fan 7 in sequence, a second air switching valve 9, and a first air pipe 92 and a third air pipe respectively connected to the second air switching valve 9.
  • the suction fan 7 and the second air switching valve 9 are respectively connected to the metering controller 5, the first air tube 92 is connected to the material supply system, and the third air tube 93 is connected to the return material recovery system.
  • the feedstock supply system includes a feed tank 2 for storing a metal hydride, and the feed tank 2 is connected to the feed gun 28 via a feed tube 22.
  • the raw material tank 2 further includes a first weighing apparatus 17 for monitoring the weight of the metal hydride therein in real time, and the first weighing apparatus 17 is connected to the metering controller 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system.
  • the raw material supply system further includes a first weighing hopper 18 disposed below the raw material tank 2, and the first weighing hopper 18 is connected to the feeding gun 28 through the feeding tube 22.
  • the utility model further comprises a fan system comprising a suction fan system for forming a negative air pressure, the material supply system further comprising a second trap 10 connected to the suction fan system, the second trap 10 comprising the raw material connected thereto Tube 23.
  • the raw material tank 2 and the second trap 10 of the raw material supply system are connected by a first rotary valve 11, and the raw material tank 2 and the first weighing hopper 18 of the raw material tank 2 are connected by a fifth rotary valve, the first name A second rotary valve 12 is disposed at a lower end of the hopper 18, and the first rotary valve 11, the fifth rotary valve and the second rotary valve 12 are both connected to the metering controller 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system; and further includes a fan system, the fan system including A blower system for conveying airflow, the second rotary valve 12 is coupled to the feed gun 28 via a feed tube 22 and is coupled to the blower system.
  • the return recovery system includes a return tank 3 for storing by-products and a first trap hopper 13 disposed above the return tank 3, the first trap bucket 13 passing through the return pipe 32
  • the feeding guns 28 are connected.
  • the first trap hopper 13 further includes a second weigh hopper 19 disposed at a lower portion thereof, and the second weigh hopper 19 is connected to the metering controller 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system.
  • the return tank 3 further comprises a second scale 16 for monitoring the weight of by-products in real time, the second scale 16 being connected to the meter control unit 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system.
  • the utility model further comprises a fan system comprising an suction fan system for forming a negative air pressure and a blowing fan system for conveying the air flow, the first collecting bucket 13 and the returning tank 3 being connected by the third rotary valve 14
  • a trap hopper 13 is connected to the suction fan system, and a third rotary valve 14 is connected to the metering controller 5 of the hydrotreater control system.
  • the return tank 3 further comprises a fourth rotary valve 15 connected to the metering controller 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system disposed at a lower end thereof, the fourth rotary valve 15 is connected to the recovery pipe 33, and the blowing fan The system is connected.
  • a water supply system is also included, the water supply system including a water pipe 4 connected to the feed gun 28, and the water pipe 4 including a water pump 42 and a flow meter 43 disposed thereon.
  • the water pump 42 and the flow meter 43 are respectively connected to the metering controller 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system, the metering controller 5 automatically controls the opening/closing of the water pump 42, and the flow meter 43 monitors the liquid reactant outputted by the water tube 4 in real time. The amount is fed back to the metering controller 5.
  • the inlet end of the water pipe 4 of the water supply system is connected to a local water source 45.
  • the metering controller 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system calculates the amount of metal hydride output based on the data fed back by the first scale hopper 17 and the first scale hopper 18 of the material supply system.
  • the metering controller 5 of the hydrogenation unit control system calculates the amount of by-product recovered based on the data fed back by the second scale hopper 19 and the second scaler 16 of the return tank 3.
  • the metal hydride is a solid
  • the liquid reactant is liquid water or an aqueous solution in which an acidic substance is dissolved
  • the by-product is a solid or a solid-liquid mixture.
  • the feeding tube 22, the return pipe 32 and the water pipe 4 are integrated into one feeding gun 28; or, the feeding pipe 22, the return pipe 32 and the water pipe 4 are three-tube split structures, each connected to a feeding gun 28.
  • any two tubes of the feed tube 22, the return tube 32 and the water tube 4 are connected to one feed gun 28, and the other tube is connected to another feed gun 28.
  • the solid state hydrogenation device of the invention comprises a raw material supply system, a return material recovery system and a feeding gun, the water pipe is used for conveying the liquid reactant, the metal hydride is stored in the raw material supply system, can be stored at normal temperature, and the safety is high, and the material is returned.
  • the recovery system is used for storing by-products obtained by reacting the recovered metal hydride with the liquid reactant; the solid hydrogenation device adds the metal hydride and the liquid reactant to the hydrogen generating device through the feeding gun, and recovers the hydrogen generating device through the feeding gun
  • the by-product in the product realizes the integrated operation of the raw material addition and the recovery of the material after the reaction, and has high automation degree, convenient operation and high efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic continuous hydrogen generating device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a solid state hydrogenation device of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the solid state hydrogenation device of the present invention with a material turnover zone and a hydrogen generating device;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the solid state hydrogenation device of the present invention with a material transport vehicle and a hydrogen generating device.
  • solid state hydrogenation apparatus and hydrogen generation apparatus of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the embodiments set forth in Figures 1-4.
  • the solid state hydrogenation apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following examples.
  • the solid state hydrogenation apparatus of the present invention comprises a hydrogenation unit control system, a feed gun 28, a water supply system for providing a liquid reactant, a raw material supply system for storing metal hydride, and a metal hydride for storing and recovering a feed recovery system for by-products obtained after the reaction of the liquid reactant,
  • the water supply system is connected to the feeding gun 28 through the feeding pipe 22 and the returning material recovery system through the feeding pipe 22 through the feeding pipe 22, and the feeding gun 28 is connected to the hydrogen generating device to supply the metal hydride in the raw material supply system. And/or the liquid reactant of the water supply system is added to the hydrogen generator and the by-product is recovered to the return recovery system.
  • the solid state hydrogenation device of the present invention comprises a water supply system, a raw material supply system, a return material recovery system and a feeding gun 28, the water supply system is for providing a liquid reactant, and the metal hydride is stored in the raw material supply system, and can be stored at a normal temperature, and is safe.
  • the feed recovery system is used to store the by-products obtained by the reaction of the recovered metal hydride with the liquid reactant; the solid hydrogenation unit adds the metal hydride and or the liquid reactant to the hydrogen generator through the feeding gun 28 while passing
  • the feeding gun recovers the by-products, realizes the integrated operation of the raw material addition and the recovery of the materials after the reaction, has high automation degree, convenient operation and high efficiency.
  • 2-4 is an embodiment of a solid state hydrogenation unit of the present invention.
  • the solid state hydrogenation apparatus of the present embodiment comprises a hydrogenation unit control system, a raw material supply system, a return material recovery system, a water supply system, a feeding gun 28, a raw material supply system, a return material recovery system, and a water supply respectively connected to the hydrogenation unit control system.
  • the system is connected to the feed gun 28, respectively.
  • the raw material supply system supplies raw materials (ie, metal hydride) to the hydrogen generating device through a feeding pipe;
  • the recycled material recovery system recovers the return material (ie, by-product) from the hydrogen generating device through the recovery pipeline;
  • the water supply system supplies water (ie, liquid reactant) to the hydrogen generating device through a water conduit;
  • the hydrogenation unit control system controls the operation of the raw material supply system, the return material recovery system, the water supply system, the supply of raw materials and water, and the recovery of the return material.
  • the water supply system is connected to the feeding gun 28 through the return pipe 32 through the water pipe 4 and the raw material supply system through the feeding pipe 22 and the returning material recovery system.
  • the feeding tube 22, the returning tube 32 and the water tube 4 are collected in a feeding gun 28 to form a three-tube integrated structure, all of which are connected to a feeding gun 28. It is used to connect to the feed port 9000 of the hydrogen generator shown in Fig. 1, or to connect to the car with the hydrogen generator shown in Fig. 4.
  • the feeding tube 22, the returning tube 32 and the water tube 4 are three-tube split structures, each of which is connected to a feeding gun 28, and is respectively passed by three feeding guns 28 respectively.
  • the raw material tank 24, the water tank 44, and the return tank 34 of the hydrogen generating device corresponds to the raw material tank 24, the water tank 44, and the return tank 34 of the hydrogen generating device. Still more, any two tubes of the feed tube 22, the return tube 32 and the water tube 4 are connected to one feed gun 28, and the other tube is separately provided to be connected to the other feed gun 28.
  • the raw material is a powdery or granular metal hydride
  • the recycled material ie, by-product
  • the recycled material is a solid metal oxide formed by reacting a metal hydride with water.
  • the hydrogenation unit control system includes a metering controller 5
  • the solid state hydrogenation unit further includes a fan system
  • the fan system is connected to the metering controller 5
  • the fan system is separately associated with the material
  • the supply system and the return material recovery system are connected and used as a driving force for driving raw material supply and returning material recovery.
  • the fan system includes a blower fan system for conveying airflow and a suction fan system for forming a negative air pressure
  • the metering controller 5 is connected to the blower fan system and the suction fan system, respectively, to control start/stop of both.
  • the raw material supply system is connected to the blowing fan system through the second air pipe 82, and is connected to the feeding gun 28 through the feeding pipe 22; the returning recovery system is connected to the suction fan system through the third air pipe 93, and is fed back through the third air pipe 93.
  • the pipe 32 is connected to a feeding gun 28; the water supply system is connected to the feeding gun 28 via a water pipe 4, and a water pump 42 is provided on the water pipe 4, and the water pump 42 is connected to the metering controller 5.
  • the feeding gun 28 further includes a detecting unit, and the detecting unit includes a detecting interface of each pipeline level sensor or a level sensor connected to the metering controller 5, and the detecting interface can be used for being disposed in the hydrogen generating device. Multiple level sensors are connected.
  • the plurality of level sensors in the hydrogen generating device include at least a first level sensor and a second level sensor respectively disposed corresponding to the material box 24 and the water tank 44 in the hydrogen generating device, and the first level sensor is used for real-time monitoring.
  • the amount of metal hydride in the raw material tank 24 is fed back to the metering controller 5, and the second level sensor is used to monitor the amount of water in the water tank 44 in real time and feed back to the metering controller 5;
  • the detecting unit may further include A detection interface connected to the sensor in the return recovery system is provided, and the sensor feeds back the amount of metal oxide recovered by the return recovery system in real time and feeds back to the metering controller 5.
  • the feed gun 28 includes a tip for connecting to a hydrogen generating device and a handle for controlling the opening/closing of the tip.
  • the metering controller 5 automatically activates the fan system and the water supply system.
  • the feeding gun 28 further comprises a feeding gun switch. After the feeding gun 28 is connected with the hydrogen generating device, the feeding gun switch is closed, and the metering controller 5 automatically activates the fan system and the water supply system.
  • the feeding tube 22, the returning tube 32, and the water tube 4 are collected in the feeding gun 28 to form a three-tube integrated structure; the three-tube integrated structure of the feeding gun 28 further includes connection with the metering controller 5 Line interface for each line sensor or sensor.
  • the water supply system includes a water pipe 4 connected to a feeding gun 28, the water pipe 4 includes a water pump 42 and a flow meter 43 disposed thereon in sequence, and the water pump 42 and the flow meter 43 are respectively connected to the metering controller 5, and the metering controller 5
  • the on/off of the water pump 42 is automatically controlled, and the flow meter 43 monitors the output of the water in the water pipe 4 in real time and feeds it back to the metering controller 5.
  • the water supply system may also be a water tank, and the inlet end of the water pipe 4 of the water supply system is connected to the water tank.
  • the inlet end of the water line 4 of the water supply system is connected to a local water source 45 of the solid state hydrogenation unit.
  • the raw material supply system includes a second trap 10 disposed above and below, and a raw material tank 2 for storing metal hydride.
  • the lower end of the second trap 10 passes through the first rotary valve 11 and the raw material.
  • the tank 2 is connected, the lower end of the raw material tank 2 is connected to the feeding pipe 22 through the second rotary valve 12, and is connected to the blowing fan system through the second air pipe 82, and the first rotary valve 11 and the second rotary valve 12 are respectively connected to the metering controller 5. .
  • a first weighing hopper 18 is further disposed between the raw material tank 2 and the second rotary valve 12, and the lower end of the raw material tank 2 is connected to the first weighing hopper 18 through a fifth rotary valve, and the fifth rotary valve and the first scale
  • the hoppers 18 are respectively connected to the metering controller 5, and the first scale hopper 18 monitors the weight of the metal hydride each time added to the hydrogen generating device and feeds it back to the metering controller 5.
  • the raw material tank 2 further comprises a first weighing instrument 17 disposed at a lower portion thereof, the first weighing instrument 17 is connected to the metering controller 5, and the first weighing instrument 17 monitors the metal hydride in the raw material tank 2 in real time. The weight is fed back to the metering controller 5.
  • the second trap 10 further includes a raw material pipe 23 connected thereto, and the raw material pipe 23 is connected to the material turnover zone 65 or the material storage bin 25 of the material transport cart 55.
  • the returning recovery system includes a first trap hopper 13 and a return tank 3 for storing the recovered metal oxide, and the first trap bucket 13 passes through the third rotary valve. 14 is connected to the return tank 3, and the upper end of the first trap bucket 13 is connected to the suction fan system through the third air tube 93, and the middle portion of the first trap bucket 13 is connected to the feeding gun 28 through the return pipe 32.
  • the first trap bucket 13 further includes a second weighing hopper 19 disposed at a lower portion thereof, and a lower end of the second weighing hopper 19 is connected to the return tank 3 through a third rotary valve 14, and the second weighing hopper 19 is metered
  • the controller 5 is connected, and the second weighing hopper 19 monitors the amount of metal oxide recovered from the hydrogen generating device each time in real time and feeds it back to the metering controller 5.
  • a sensor is disposed in the first trap bucket 13 , and the sensor is connected to the metering controller 5 , and the sensor detects the amount of metal oxide in the first trap bucket 13 in real time and feeds back to the metering controller 5 .
  • the return tank 3 further includes a second scale 16 disposed at a lower portion thereof, and the second scale 16 monitors the amount of metal oxide in the return tank 3 in real time and feeds it back to the addition controller 5 a fourth rotary valve 15 is disposed at a lower end of the return tank 3, and the fourth rotary valve 15 is connected to the blowing fan system through the fourth air pipe 83 and connected to the recovery pipe 33, and the recovery pipe 33 is connected with the material turnover zone 65 or the material transportation vehicle 55.
  • the return bins 35 are connected.
  • the fan system includes a blower system for conveying airflow and an aspiration fan system for forming a negative air pressure.
  • the blowing fan system includes a blowing fan 6 connected to the metering controller 5, a first filter 81 connected to the blowing fan 6 in sequence, a first air switching valve 8, and a second connected to the first air switching valve 8, respectively.
  • the air tube 82 and the fourth air tube 83; the metering controller 5 is connected to the first air switching valve 8 and controls switching of the first air switching valve 8, and the metering controller 5 controls the start/stop of the blowing fan 6.
  • the suction fan system includes a suction fan 7 connected to the metering controller 5, a second filter 91 connected to the suction fan 7 in sequence, a second air switching valve 9, and a first connection with the second air switching valve 9, respectively.
  • the air tube 92 and the third air tube 93; the metering controller 5 is connected to the second air switching valve 9 and controls the switching of the second air switching valve 9, and the metering controller 5 controls the start/stop of the suction fan 7.
  • the solid state hydrogenation apparatus of the present embodiment further includes a control system cabinet 1, a metering controller 5, a fan system, a water pump 42 of the water supply system, and a flow meter 43 all disposed in the control system cabinet 1.
  • the solid state hydrogenation apparatus of the present embodiment is a fixed station, which is used in conjunction with a material transport vehicle 55.
  • the material transport vehicle 55 includes a raw material warehouse 25 and a return silo 35, and the raw material storage tank 25 is used for storing solid state.
  • the metal hydride, the return silo 35 is used to store solid metal oxides.
  • the solid state hydrogenation apparatus of the present embodiment is movable, for example, a solid state hydrogenation apparatus is installed on a motor vehicle to meet the mobility of the solid state hydrogenation apparatus, and is a hydrogen energy vehicle and a solid state.
  • the hydrogen energy power plant and/or the solid state hydrogen energy thermal energy system supplements the demand for solid hydrogen
  • the movable solid state hydrogenation unit cooperates with the material turnover zone 65
  • the material turnover zone 65 includes a raw material bin 25 and a return bin 35
  • the material storage bin 25 is used for The stored solid metal hydride
  • the recovery bin 35 is used to store solid metal oxides.
  • Step 1 Adding metal hydride to raw material tank 2
  • the metering controller 5 automatically stops the suction fan 7, and opens the first rotary valve 11 to cause the metal hydride to enter the raw material tank 2;
  • the first weighing instrument 17 monitors the amount of metal hydride in the raw material tank 2 in real time, and feeds it back to the metering controller 5, and when the predetermined value is reached, stops the metal hydride from being added to the raw material tank 2;
  • Step 2 Recovery of metal oxides from the return tank 3
  • the blowing fan 6 of the blowing fan system operates, the metering controller 5 controls the fourth rotary valve 15 to open, and the airflow output by the blowing fan 6 transports the metal oxide into the return bin 35;
  • the second weighing instrument 16 monitors the amount of the return material in the return tank 3 in real time and feeds back to the metering controller 5, and when all the materials in the return tank 5 are transferred to the return tank 35, the metering is performed.
  • the controller 5 automatically stops the blowing fan 6 and closes the fourth rotary valve 15;
  • steps 1 and 2 can be performed simultaneously or separately. Preferably, steps 1 and 2 are performed simultaneously to save program and operating time.
  • Step 3 Add metal hydride and water to the hydrogen generator and recover the metal oxide
  • the feeding gun 28 is connected to the feeding port 9000 of the hydrogen generating device, that is, the raw material tank 2, the water supply system and the return tank 3 of the solid hydrogenation unit are respectively connected with the raw material tank 24, the water tank 44 and the return tank of the hydrogen generating device. 34 one-to-one correspondence;
  • the metering controller 5 controls the fifth rotary valve to open, so that an appropriate amount of metal hydride enters the first weighing hopper 18 from the raw material tank 2, and then closes the fifth rotary valve, and the first weighing instrument 17 monitors the raw material tank 2 in real time. The amount of internal metal hydride is fed back to the metering controller 5;
  • the metering controller 5 opens the second rotary valve 12, and the airflow output from the blowing fan system of the fan system transports the raw materials from the first weighing hopper 18 to the raw material box 24, and the first weighing hopper 18 monitors each raw material in real time.
  • the amount of metal hydride delivered by the tank 24 is fed back to the metering controller 5;
  • the metering controller 5 controls the solid state hydrogenation device to stop to the hydrogen generating device. Replenishing the metal hydride; or the metering controller 5 is added according to a preset value, and after adding to the preset amount, controlling the solid state hydrogenation device to stop replenishing the metal hydride to the hydrogen generating device;
  • the metering controller 150 automatically controls the water pump 42 to open, the flow meter 43 monitors the amount of water input to the water tank 44 in real time and feeds it back to the metering controller 5; when the second level sensor in the water tank 44 detects the water tank 44 When the amount of water in the interior reaches a predetermined value, the metering controller 5 controls the solid state hydrogenation device to stop replenishing the water to the hydrogen generating device; or, the metering controller 5 adds according to a preset value, and controls the solid state after being added to the preset amount.
  • the hydrogenation unit stops replenishing water to the hydrogen generator;
  • the suction fan system causes the first trap hopper 13 to enter a negative air pressure state, and the first trap hopper 13 is divided (the number of times varies depending on the amount of metal oxide in the return tank 34).
  • the tank 34 recovers the metal oxide, and the second weigher 19 monitors the amount of metal oxide recovered from the return tank 34 by the first trap hopper 13 in real time and feeds back to the metering controller 5;
  • the metering controller 5 automatically stops the suction fan system, and opens the third rotary valve 14, and the returning material enters the returning tank 3 from the first trapping bucket 13, the second scale
  • the weight meter 16 monitors the amount of material returned in the return tank 3 in real time and feeds back to the metering controller 5;
  • the metering controller 5 Controlling the return material recovery system to stop recovering metal oxides from the hydrogen generating device;
  • steps (33), (34), and (35) can be performed simultaneously, and steps (33), (34), and (35) can also be distributed.
  • steps (33), (34), (35) are performed simultaneously to save program and operating time.
  • the metering controller 5 calculates the amount of metal hydride added to the hydrogen generating device according to the data fed back by the first weighing instrument 17 and the first weighing hopper 18, according to the second weighing instrument 16, the second The data fed back by the hopper 19 calculates the amount of metal oxide recovered to the hydrogen generating device, and the amount of water replenished to the hydrogen generating device is calculated in accordance with the flow meter 43.
  • the solid state hydrogenation unit does not have a fan system, and the supply of raw materials and the recovery of the feedstock are performed by the pump power system.
  • the pump power system includes a first output pump disposed on the water pipe 4, a second output pump disposed on the feed pipe 22, and a first recovery pump disposed on the return pipe 32, a first output pump, and a second Both the output pump and the first recovery pump are connected to a metering controller 5 of the hydrotreater control system.
  • the solid state hydrogenation apparatus may be metered without by a weighing hopper and a weighing apparatus, or may be disposed by a first output flow meter disposed on the water pipe 4.
  • the second output flow meter on the feeding pipe 22 and the first recovery pump flow meter disposed on the return pipe 32 are metered, and the first output flow meter, the second output flow meter, and the first recovery pump flow meter are both hydrogenated.
  • the metering control unit 5 of the device control system is connected.
  • the first output flow meter can use a liquid flow meter
  • the second output flow meter and the first recovery pump flow meter can use a solid flow meter, such as a flow meter of Omega, Germany, MUTEC, Germany.
  • the water pipe 4 is provided with a first output valve, a first output pump and a first output flow meter, which are connected to the metering controller 5, and the feeding tube 22 is provided with a metering controller 5 a second output valve, a second output pump and a second output flow meter, wherein the return pipe 32 is provided with a first recovery valve, a first recovery pump and a first recovery pump flow, both connected to the metering controller 5 meter.
  • the solid state hydrogenation device comprises a control system cabinet 1, a metering controller 5, a first output valve, a first output pump, a first output flow meter, a second output valve, a second output pump, a second output flow meter, The first recovery valve, the first recovery pump, and the first recovery pump flow meter are all disposed in the control system cabinet 1.
  • the solid state hydrogenation unit can also be fed and recovered by mixing the fan system and the pump power system, and can also be fed and recovered by means of flexible screw conveying.
  • the fan system can also use only one fan as both a suction wind suction fan and a blow fan, which of course results in poor output and increased system complexity.
  • the present invention also discloses a continuous hydrogen generating device.
  • the continuous hydrogen generating device of the present invention comprises a feeding port 9000, a hydrogen generating device control system 8000, a raw material tank 24 for storing metal hydride, a water tank 44 for storing liquid reactants, and a hydrogen storage tank 3000 for storing hydrogen obtained by reacting a metal hydride and a liquid reactant, a return tank 34 for storing a by-product obtained by reacting a metal hydride and a liquid reactant, and a raw material tank 24 passing through the third input pipe 2001 and hydrogen
  • the hair tank 1000 is connected, and the water tank 44 is connected to the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 through its fourth input pipe 4001.
  • the hydrogen storage tank 3000 is connected to the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 through its second output pipe 3001, and the returning tank 34 passes through the third output pipe 5001. Connected to the hydrogen hair storage 1000;
  • the raw material tank 24 is connected to the feeding port 9000 through the first feeding pipe 2003, and the water tank 44 is connected to the feeding port 9000 through the second feeding pipe 4004.
  • the returning tank 34 is connected to the feeding port 9000 through the first collecting pipe 5008.
  • the continuous hydrogen generating device of the present invention comprises a feeding port 9000, a hydrogen hair filling tank 1000, a raw material box 24, a water tank 44, a hydrogen storage tank 3000, a return tank 34 and a hydrogen generating device control system 8000, and the hydrogen generating chamber 1000 can be divided into batches.
  • the return tank 34 is used to obtain the by-product of the reaction, and the space of the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 can be released in time, and the hydrogen storage tank 3000 is obtained from the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000.
  • the hydrogen gas is stored and realized, and the hydrogenation reaction is continuously controlled and controlled, and the reaction by-products are recovered and stored.
  • the raw material tank 24, the water tank 44, and the return tank 34 are respectively connected with the feeding port 9000 to add metal hydride. And the liquid reactant, while the return tank 34 is connected with the feeding port 9000 to recover the by-product output, which greatly improves the convenience and safety of the automatic continuous hydrogen generating device of the invention and reduces the cost.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of the continuous hydrogen generating device of the present invention is shown.
  • the automatic continuous hydrogen generating device of the present invention comprises a hydrogen generating device control system 8000 and a hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 connected to the hydrogen generating device control system 8000, a raw material tank 24, a hydrogen storage tank 3000, a water tank 44, a return tank 34 and a feeding port. 9000.
  • the raw material tank 24 is for storing metal hydride, is disposed above the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000, and is connected to the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 through a third input pipe 2001, and the third input pipe 2001 includes a third input valve 2002 disposed at a middle portion thereof.
  • the third input valve 2002 is connected to the hydrogen generator control system 8000, and the upper portion of the material tank 24 is also connected to the feed port 9000 through the first feed pipe 2003.
  • an input pump can also be provided in the third input pipe 2001.
  • the raw material tank 24 is further provided with a first quantity sensor for detecting the metal hydride reserve in the raw material tank 24 in real time.
  • the metal hydride falls into the hydrogen hair sump 1000, when the quantitative metal hydride (ie, the metal hydride obtained by the hydrogen hair clerk 1000 each time)
  • the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the third input valve 2002 to close.
  • the first level sensor monitors the metal hydride reserves in the raw material tank 24 in real time, and feeds back to the hydrogen generator control system 8000 to monitor the reserves.
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 can also calculate the metal flowing out each time through the first level sensor.
  • the amount of hydride when the metered metal hydride (i.e., the amount of metal hydride each time the hydrogen hair cartridge 1000 is taken) flows out, the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the third input valve 2002 to close.
  • the water tank 44 is for storing a liquid reactant, which is connected to the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 through a fourth input pipe 4001.
  • the fourth input pipe 4001 includes a fourth input valve 4002 and a fourth input pump 4003 disposed at a middle portion thereof, and a fourth The input valve 4002 and the fourth input pump 4003 are respectively connected to the hydrogen generator control system 8000, and the water tank 44 is also connected to the feed port 9000 through the second feed pipe 4004.
  • a second level sensor is disposed in the water tank 44, and the second level sensor can monitor the liquid reactant storage in the water tank 44 in real time.
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the fourth input valve 4002 to be opened, and when the fourth input pump 4003 is turned on, the liquid reactant flows into the hydrogen generating chamber 1000 under the action of the fourth input pump 4003, and the second measuring device can be monitored in real time.
  • the amount of liquid reactants in the water tank 44 is fed back to the hydrogen generator control system 8000 for monitoring the reserves.
  • the hydrogen generator control system 8000 can also calculate the amount of liquid reactants flowing out each time through the second level sensor. When the metered liquid reactant (i.e., the amount of liquid reactant taken each time the hydrogen hair cartridge is taken) flows out, the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the fourth input valve 4002 to close and the fourth input pump 4003 to stop.
  • the return tank 34 is used to obtain and store a solid-liquid mixture from the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000.
  • the return tank 34 includes a solid tank 5003 and a header tank 5004, and a filter screen is disposed between the solid tank 5003 and the header tank 5004.
  • the filter 5005 is a funnel-shaped structure
  • the upper part of the solid box 5003 is connected to the lower end of the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 through the third output tube 5001
  • the third output tube 5001 includes a third output valve 5002 disposed at the middle portion thereof, and a third output valve 5002.
  • the lower end of the solid tank 5003 is connected to the feed port 9000 through the first recovery pipe 5008, and the inlet port of the first recovery pipe 5008 is connected to the lower end of the filter 5005 through the header tank 5004.
  • the lower portion of the 5004 is connected to the upper portion of the water tank 44 through a first liquid return pipe 5006.
  • the first liquid return pipe 5006 includes a first liquid return pump 5007 disposed at a middle portion thereof, and the first liquid return pump 5007 is connected to the hydrogen generator control system 8000.
  • a liquid level sensor is disposed in the liquid collecting tank 5004, and the liquid level sensor is connected to the hydrogen generating device control system 8000.
  • the liquid level sensor is supplied to the hydrogen generating device control system 8000.
  • a feedback signal, the hydrogen delivery device control system 8000 controls the first liquid return pump 5007 to open, pumping the liquid in the header tank 5004 into the water tank 44.
  • the return tank 34 relies on the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 to obtain by-products in the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000.
  • the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 obtains the metal hydride and the liquid reactant, the two are in the hydrogen hair storage chamber.
  • the reaction takes place in 1000 to obtain by-products.
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the third output valve 5002 of the third output pipe 5001 to be opened, and the by-product flows into the solid box 5003 of the return tank 34 under the action of hydrogen pressure.
  • the liquid in the solid tank 5003 naturally flows into the header tank 5004 through the filter 5005 under the action of gravity, and a solid matter deposited on the filter screen 5005 is obtained.
  • the solid matter refers to a solid-liquid mixture containing a small amount of liquid obtained after filtration.
  • the automatic continuous hydrogen generating device of the present invention further comprises a sensor interface disposed at the feeding port 9000, wherein the sensor interface is respectively connected to the first level sensor and the second level sensor, and the sensor interface is detected by the solid state hydrogenation device.
  • the detection interface of the unit is connected to the hydrogenation device control system, and the first level sensor and the second level sensor are respectively used for detecting the solid hydrogen storage in the raw material tank 24, the liquid reactant storage in the water tank 44, and feedback through the sensor interface.
  • the sensor interface can also be coupled to the hydrogen generator control system 8000, which is coupled to the detection interface of the detection unit of the solid state hydrogenation unit to connect the hydrogen generator control system 8000 to the hydrogenation unit control system of the solid state hydrogenation unit.
  • the hydrogen storage tank 3000 is used for acquiring and storing hydrogen from the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 and hydrogen gas for the hydrogen power equipment, and is connected to the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 through the second output pipe 3001, and the second output pipe 3001 includes the first portion disposed in the middle portion.
  • the two output valves 3002 and the second output pump 3003, the second output valve 3002 and the second output pump 3003 are respectively connected to the hydrogen generator control system 8000.
  • the hydrogen storage tank 3000 further includes a pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 3000.
  • the hydrogen storage tank 3000 needs to maintain a certain hydrogen storage capacity and air pressure.
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the second output valve 3002 to open and the second output.
  • the pump 3003 is turned on, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 is sent into the hydrogen storage tank 3000.
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the second output valve 3002 to be closed and the second output.
  • the pump 3003 is stopped; if hydrogen is required to be replenished in the hydrogen storage tank 3000, and there is no hydrogen in the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000, the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 respectively obtains metal hydride and liquid reactants from the raw material tank 24 and the water tank 44, and the reaction generates hydrogen gas. After the rating, hydrogen is sent to the hydrogen storage tank 3000 under the control of the hydrogen generator control system 8000.
  • the hydrogen storage tank 3000 further includes a first hydrogen pipe 3004 connected thereto, the first hydrogen pipe 3004 is connected to the hydrogen power device, and the first hydrogen pipe 3004 includes a first hydrogen gas valve disposed at the middle portion thereof. 3005.
  • the first hydrogen delivery valve 3005 is connected to a control system of a hydrogen energy vehicle or a hydrogen power plant.
  • the continuous hydrogen generating device of the invention has a flexible feeding mode, and can be used for docking automatic feeding equipment or manual feeding.
  • the feed port 9000 is used for connection to a hydrogenation unit or can be fed manually. Preferably, it is used in connection with the solid state hydrogenation unit of the present invention.
  • the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000 takes the metal hydride and the liquid reactant from the raw material tank 24 and the water tank 44 in batches, and mixes the two to obtain hydrogen gas, and a solid-liquid mixture.
  • a chemical reaction of MgH 2 +H 2 O ⁇ Mg(OH) 2 +H 2 ⁇ occurs in the hydrogen hair cleavage 1000.
  • an aqueous solution of water or an acidic substance is excessive to ensure complete reaction of MgH 2 , therefore,
  • the metal hydride in the hydrogen hair clerk 1000 reacts with the liquid reactant to obtain hydrogen and by-products, respectively, and the by-product is a solid or a solid-liquid mixture.
  • the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the hydrogen warehousing 1000 batches to obtain metal hydride and liquid reactants from the raw material tank 24 and the water tank 44, respectively, through programming control of the hydrogen generator control system 8000.
  • the amount of metal hydride and the amount of liquid reactant obtained each time the hydrogen hair storage 1000 is obtained may be specified in the program, and reference is made to the respective tank reserves.
  • the hydrogen hair storage 1000 further includes a cooling device.
  • the cooling device can cool the hydrogen hair storage 1000 by using a liquid cooling, a heat dissipation film or an air cooling method.
  • the cooling device includes a duct or cavity disposed outside the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000, and the cooling liquid flows in the duct or the cavity to cool the hydrogen hair silo 1000.
  • the cooling liquid may be a liquid reactant in the water tank 44, or other cooling liquid may be used to cool the hydrogen hair storage tank 1000.
  • the working process of the automatic continuous hydrogen generating device of the present invention is divided into a feeding process and a hydrogen generating process, wherein the feeding process is the same as the feeding process of the solid state hydrogenating device.
  • the hydrogen generation process of the automatic continuous hydrogen emission device of the present invention is as follows:
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the third input valve 2002 of the third input pipe 2001 to open, and adds a rated amount of metal hydride to the hydrogen hair storage 1000. After the addition, the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the third.
  • the input valve 2002 is closed;
  • the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the fourth input valve 4002 of the fourth input pipe 4001 to be opened, the fourth input pump 4003 to be opened, and a rated amount of liquid reactant is added to the hydrogen hair storage bin, and the hydrogen generating device is added.
  • the control system 8000 controls the fourth input valve 4002 to be closed, and the fourth input pump 4003 to stop to obtain hydrogen and by-products;
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the second output valve 3002 of the second output pipe 3001 to be opened, the second output pump 3003 to be turned on, and the hydrogen gas to be in the second output. Under the action of the pump 3003, the hydrogen generating chamber 1000 enters the hydrogen storage tank 3000.
  • the hydrogen generating device control system 8000 controls the second output valve 3002 to be closed, and the second output pump 3003. stop.
  • the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the third output valve 5002 to be opened, and the by-product flows into the return tank 34 from the hydrogen hair cartridge 1000 under the pressure of hydrogen. After completion, the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the third input valve. 5002 closed;
  • the filter 5005 filters the by-products, and the liquid enters the header tank 5004.
  • the hydrogen generator control system 8000 controls the first liquid return pump 5007 to open, transferring the liquid in the header tank 5004 to the liquid reactant storage tank 4000.
  • the raw materials can be added by the solid state hydrogenation unit while recovering by-products.

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Abstract

一种固态加氢装置，包括原料供应***、回料回收***、供水***、风机***、与控制***，用于输送液体反应物的水管（4）、原料供应***通过加料管（22）以及回料回收***通过回料管（32）分别与加料枪（28）相连，加料管（22）、回料管（32）、水管（4）汇集于加料枪（28）成一体的结构。该装置主要用于对固态氢燃料电池车的加料与回收，也可用于其它固态氢储能电站或固态氢热能***加料与回收。

Description

固态加氢装置 技术领域
本发明涉及装备技术领域，具体涉及一种固态加氢装置。
背景技术
近年来，地球的环境问题日趋严重：尤其是汽车尾气排放的CO2、CO、S化物等，既给大气带来了温室效应，也给大气造成严重的空气污染。替代内燃机汽车的新能源汽车，越来越受关注，特别是氢燃料电池汽车，以零排放、续航能力强而著称。而当前的加氢装置，均以气态氢或液态氢为主，没有可以添加固态氢装置。固态氢，非传统意义上氢气的固体形态，而是将氢与金属结合，以固体形态存在的金属氢化物。固态氢与液态氢、气态氢相比，不仅可以在常温下储藏，而且具有安全性高的优点。
现有的加氢装置，一般以气氢或液氢为主，存在以下问题：
1.整个环节需鱼雷车运送液氢或气氢至加氢装置，在经气化(仅用于液氢)、加压、干燥等过程，最后由加***加入氢能源汽车的气压为30MPa-70MPa氢储罐中，运输过程和使用过程均存在较大的安全隐患；
2.液氢加氢装置需要液氢罐、气化器、压缩机等设备，气氢加氢装置则需要高压气瓶组、压缩机、站内气瓶组等设备，设备与运营成本高；
3.加氢站选址非常困难，使氢能源车产业化的普及比较缓慢。
因此，急需推出一种既安全又便捷的固态加氢装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种可实现加料和回收同步操作、安全性好的固态加氢装置。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种固态加氢装置，其包括加氢装置控制***、加料枪28、用于存放金属氢化物的原料供应***、用于存放回收的金属氢化物与液体反应物反应后得到的副产物的回料回收***，加氢装置控制***与原料供应***和回料回收***连接，用于输送液体反应物的水管4、原料供应***通过加料管22以及回料回收***通过回料管32分别与加料枪28相连。
优选的，还包括风机***，所述加氢装置控制***包括计量控制仪5，计量控制仪5与风机***相连，风机***分别与原料供应***、回料回收***相连。
优选的，所述风机***包括用于输送气流的吹送风机***和用于形成负气压的吸引风机***；所述吹送风机***与原料供应***相连，吸引风机***与回料回收***相连。
优选的，所述吹送风机***包括吹送风机6，依次与吹送风机6相连的第一过滤器81、第一空气切换阀8，以及分别与第一空气切换阀8相连的第二空气管82、第四空气管83；所述吹送风机6、第一空气切换阀8分别与计量控制仪5相连，第四空气管83与回料回收***相连，第二空气管82与原料供应***相连；所述吸引风机***包括吸引风机7，依次与吸引风机7相连的第二过滤器91、第二空气切换阀9，以及分别与第二空气切换阀9相连的第一空气管92、 第三空气管93；所述吸引风机7、第二空气切换阀9分别与计量控制仪5相连，第一空气管92与原料供应***相连，第三空气管93与回料回收***相连。
优选的，所述原料供应***包括用于存储金属氢化物的原料罐2，原料罐2通过加料管22与加料枪28相连。
优选的，所述原料罐2还包括用于实时监测其内金属氢化物重量的第一称重仪17，第一称重仪17与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5相连。
优选的，所述原料供应***还包括设置在原料罐2下方与其相连的第一称料斗18，第一称料斗18通过加料管22与加料枪28相连。
优选的，还包括风机***，风机***包括用于形成负气压的吸引风机***，原料供应***还包括与吸引风机***相连的第二捕集斗10，第二捕集斗10包括与其相连的原料管23。
优选的，所述原料罐2和原料供应***的第二捕集斗10通过第一回转阀11相连，原料罐2和原料罐2的第一称料斗18通过第五回转阀相连，第一称料斗18下端设置第二回转阀12，第一回转阀11、第五回转阀和第二回转阀12均与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5相连；还包括风机***，风机***包括用于输送气流的吹送风机***，第二回转阀12通过加料管22与加料枪28相连，且与吹送风机***相连。
优选的，所述回料回收***包括用于储存副产物的回料罐3以及设置在回料罐3上方与其相连的第一捕集斗13，第一捕集斗13通过回料管32与加料枪28相连。
优选的，所述第一捕集斗13还包括设置在其下部的第二称料斗19，第二称料斗19与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5相连。
优选的，所述回料罐3还包括用于实时监测其内副产物重量的第二称重仪16，第二称重仪16与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5相连。
优选的，还包括风机***，风机***包括用于形成负气压的吸引风机***和用于输送气流的吹送风机***，第一捕集斗13和回料罐3通过第三回转阀14相连，第一捕集斗13与吸引风机***相连，第三回转阀14与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5相连。
优选的，所述回料罐3还包括设置在其下端的与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5相连的第四回转阀15，第四回转阀15与回收管33相连，且与吹送风机***相连。
优选的，还包括供水***，所述供水***包括水管4与加料枪28相连，水管4包括设置在其上的水泵42和流量计43。
优选的，所述水泵42和流量计43分别与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5相连，计量控制仪5自动控制水泵42的开启/关闭，流量计43实时监测水管4输出的液体反应物的量并反馈给计量控制仪5。
优选的，所述供水***的水管4的入口端与本地水源45相连。
优选的，所述加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5依据第一称重仪17和原料供应***的第一称料斗18反馈的数据，计算输出的金属氢化物的量。
优选的，所述加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5依据第二称料斗19和回料罐3的第二称重仪16反馈的数据，计算回收的副产物的量。
优选的，所述金属氢化物是固态物，所述液体反应物为液态水或溶有酸性物质的水溶液，所述的副产物为固态物或固液混合物。
优选的，所述加料管22、回料管32和水管4集成于一个加料枪28；或者，加料管22、回料管32和水管4为三管分体结构，各与一个加料枪28相连；或者，所述加料管22、回料管32和水管4的任意两个管与一个加料枪28相连，另一个管与另一个加料枪28相连。
本发明的固态加氢装置包括原料供应***、回料回收***和加料枪，水管用于输送液体反应物，原料供应***内存储有金属氢化物，可在常温下储存，安全性高，回料回收***用于存放回收的金属氢化物与液体反应物反应后得到的副产物；固态加氢装置通过加料枪为氢发装置添加金属氢化物和或液体反应物，同时通过加料枪回收氢发装置内的副产物，实现了原料添加和反应后物料的回收的一体化操作，自动化程度高，操作便捷且效率高。
附图说明
图1是本发明自动可连续氢发装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明固态加氢装置的结构示意图；
图3是本发明固态加氢装置与材料周转区、氢发装置的配合示意图；
图4是本发明固态加氢装置与材料运输车、氢发装置的配合示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图1-4给出的实施例，进一步说明本发明的固态加氢装置和氢发装置的具体实施方式。本发明的固态加氢装置不限于以下实施例的描述。
本发明的固态加氢装置，其包括加氢装置控制***、加料枪28、用于提供液体反应物的供水***、用于存放金属氢化物的原料供应***、用于存放回收的金属氢化物与液体反应物反应后所得副产物的回料回收***，
供水***通过水管4、原料供应***通过加料管22、回料回收***通过回料管32分别与加料枪28相连，加料枪28用于与氢发装置相连，将原料供应***内的金属氢化物和/或供水***的液体反应物添加到氢发装置，并回收副产物到回料回收***。
本发明的固态加氢装置包括供水***、原料供应***、回料回收***和加料枪28，供水***用于提供液体反应物，原料供应***内存储有金属氢化物，可在常温下储存，安全性高，回料回收***用于存放回收的金属氢化物与液体反应物反应后得到的副产物；固态加氢装置通过加料枪28为氢发装置添加金属氢化物和或液体反应物，同时通过加料枪回收副产物，实现了原料添加和反应后物料的回收的一体化操作，自动化程度高，操作便捷且效率高。
如图2-4所示，为本发明固态加氢装置的实施例。
本实施例的固态加氢装置包括加氢装置控制***，分别与加氢装置控制***相连的原料供应***、回料回收***、供水***、加料枪28，原料供应***、回料回收***、供水***分别与加料枪28相连。
所述原料供应***，通过加料管道向氢发装置供应原料(即金属氢化物)；
所述回料回收***，通过回收管道从氢发装置回收回料(即副产物)；
所述供水***，通过水路管道向氢发装置供应水(即液体反应物)；
所述加氢装置控制***，控制原料供应***、回料回收***、供水***的运行，以及原料和水的供给计量，和回料的回收计量。
所述的供水***通过水管4、原料供应***通过加料管22、回料回收***通过回料管32分别与加料枪28相连。优选的，如图2所示的实施例，所述加料管22、回料管32和水管4汇集于一个加料枪28，形成三管一体化的结构，三者均与一个加料枪28相连，用于与图1所示的氢发装置的加料口9000相连，或用于与图4所示带有氢发装置的汽车连接。当然，如图3所示的另一实施例，所述加料管22、回料管32和水管4为三管分体结构，三者各与一个加料枪28相连，通过三个加料枪28分别与氢发装置的原料箱24、水箱44和回料箱34对应。更或者，所述加料管22、回料管32和水管4的任意两个管与一个加料枪28相连，另一个管单独设置与另一个加料枪28相连。优选的，所述原料为粉状或粒状的金属氢化物，回料(即副产物)为金属氢化物与水反应后生成的固态金属氧化物。
如图2-4所示的实施例，所述加氢装置控制***包括计量控制仪5，所述的固态加氢装置还包括风机***，风机***与计量控制仪5相连，风机***分别与原料供应***、回料回收***相连，用于作为驱动原料供应和回料回收的动力。优选的，所述风机***包括用于输送气流的吹送风机***和用于形成负气压的吸引风机***，计量控制仪5分别与吹送风机***和吸引风机***相连，控制二者的启动/停止。
所述原料供应***通过第二空气管82与吹送风机***相连，且通过加料管22与加料枪28相连；所述回料回收***通过第三空气管93与吸引风机***相连，且通过回料管32与加料枪28相连；所述供水***通过水管4与加料枪28相连，水管4上设有水泵42，水泵42与计量控制仪5相连。所述加料枪28还包括检测单元，检测单元包括与计量控制仪5相连接的各管路量位传感器或量位传感器的检测接口，所述检测接口可以用于与设置在氢发装置内的多个量位传感器相连。例如氢发装置内的多个量位传感器至少包括分别与氢发装置内的原料箱24、水箱44对应设置的第一量位传感器、第二量位传感器，第一量位传感器用于实时监测原料箱24内的金属氢化物的量并反馈给计量控制仪5，第二量位传感器用于实时监测水箱44内的水的量并反馈给计量控制仪5；所述检测单元还可以包括与设置在回料回收***内的传感器相连的检测接口，该传感器实时反馈回料回收***回收的金属氧化物的量并反馈给计量控制仪5。
以下将结合图2-4和具体实施例的固态加氢装置作进一步说明。
所述加料枪28包括用于与氢发装置相连的枪头和用于控制枪头开启/关闭的手柄。
优选的，所述加料枪28与氢发装置连接后，手柄开启时，则计量控制仪5自动启动风机***和供水***。
优选的，所述加料枪28还包括加料枪开关，加料枪28与氢发装置连接后，闭合加料枪开关，则计量控制仪5自动启动风机***和供水***。
优选的，所述加料管22、回料管32、水管4汇集于加料枪28，形成三管一体化的结构；所述的加料枪28三管一体化结构还包含与计量控制仪5相连接的 各管路传感器或传感器的线路接口。
所述供水***包括水管4，水管4与加料枪28相连，水管4包括依次设置在其上的水泵42和流量计43，水泵42和流量计43分别与计量控制仪5相连，计量控制仪5自动控制水泵42的开启/关闭，流量计43实时监测水管4内水的输出量并反馈给计量控制仪5。
优选的，所述供水***还可以为水箱，所述供水***的水管4的入口端与水箱相连。
优选的，所述供水***的水管4的入口端与固态加氢装置的本地水源45相连。
如图2-4所示，所述原料供应***包括上下设置的第二捕集斗10和用于存储金属氢化物的原料罐2，第二捕集斗10下端通过第一回转阀11与原料罐2相连，原料罐2下端通过第二回转阀12与加料管22相连且通过第二空气管82与吹送风机***相连，第一回转阀11和第二回转阀12分别与计量控制仪5相连。
优选的，所述原料罐2和第二回转阀12之间还设有第一称料斗18，原料罐2下端通过第五回转阀与第一称料斗18相连，第五回转阀、第一称料斗18分别与计量控制仪5相连，第一称料斗18实时监测每次加入氢发装置的金属氢化物的重量并反馈给计量控制仪5。
优选的，所述原料罐2还包括设置在其下部的第一称重仪17，第一称重仪17与计量控制仪5相连，第一称重仪17实时监测原料罐2内金属氢化物的重量并反馈给计量控制仪5。
优选的，所述第二捕集斗10还包括与其相连的原料管23，原料管23与材料周转区65或材料运输车55的原料仓25相连。
如图2-4所示，所述回料回收***包括上下设置则第一捕集斗13和用于存储回收的金属氧化物的回料罐3，第一捕集斗13通过第三回转阀14与回料罐3相连，第一捕集斗13上端通过第三空气管93与吸引风机***相连，第一捕集斗13中部通过回料管32与加料枪28相连。
优选的，所述第一捕集斗13还包括设置在其下部的第二称料斗19，第二称料斗19下端通过第三回转阀14与回料罐3相连，第二称料斗19与计量控制仪5相连，第二称料斗19实时监测每次从氢发装置回收的金属氧化物的量并反馈给计量控制仪5。
优选的，所述第一捕集斗13内设置传感器，传感器与计量控制仪5相连，传感器实时检测第一捕集斗13内金属氧化物的量，并反馈给计量控制仪5。
优选的，所述回料罐3还包括设置在其下部的第二称重仪16，第二称重仪16实时监测回料罐3内的金属氧化物的量并反馈给加量控制仪5，回料罐3下端设置第四回转阀15，第四回转阀15通过第四空气管83与吹送风机***相连且与回收管33相连，回收管33与材料周转区65或材料运输车55的回料仓35相连。
如图2-4所示，所述风机***包括用于输送气流的吹送风机***和用于形成负气压的吸引风机***。
所述吹送风机***包括与计量控制仪5相连的吹送风机6，依次与吹送风机6相连的第一过滤器81、第一空气切换阀8，以及分别与第一空气切换阀8相连 的第二空气管82、第四空气管83；所述计量控制仪5与第一空气切换阀8相连并控制第一空气切换阀8的切换，计量控制仪5控制吹送风机6的启动/停止。
所述吸引风机***包括与计量控制仪5相连的吸引风机7，依次与吸引风机7相连的第二过滤器91、第二空气切换阀9，以及分别与第二空气切换阀9相连的第一空气管92、第三空气管93；所述计量控制仪5与第二空气切换阀9相连并控制第二空气切换阀9的切换，计量控制仪5控制吸引风机7的启动/停止。
如图2-4所示，本实施例的固态加氢装置还包括控制***柜1，计量控制仪5、风机***、供水***的水泵42和流量计43均设置在控制***柜1内。
优选的，如图4所示，本实施例的固态加氢装置是固定站点，与材料运输车55配合使用，材料运输车55包括原料仓25和回料仓35，原料仓25用于存储固态金属氢化物，回料仓35用于存储固态金属氧化物。
优选的，如图3所示，本实施例的固态加氢装置是可移动的，例如将固态加氢装置安装在机动车上，以满足固态加氢装置的机动性，为氢能源车、固态氢能源电站和/或固态氢能源热能***补充固态氢的需求，可移动的固态加氢装置与材料周转区65配合，材料周转区65包括原料仓25和回料仓35，原料仓25用于存储的固态金属氢化物，回料仓35用于存储固态金属氧化物。
如图2-4所示，本实施例固态加氢装置的工作过程如下：
步骤1：为原料罐2补充金属氢化物
(11)将原料管23***材料周转区65或材料运输车55的原料仓25内；
(12)操作计量控制仪5，使固态加氢装置进入补充原料状态，风机***的吸引风机***启动；
(13)所述吸引风机***的吸引风机7工作，通过第一空气管92使第二捕集斗10进入负气压状态，金属氢化物经原料管23进入第二捕集斗10内；
(14)适量金属氢化物进入第二捕集斗10后，计量控制仪5自动停止吸引风机7，并打开第一回转阀11，使金属氢化物进入原料罐2内；
(15)第一称重仪17实时监测原料罐2内金属氢化物的量，并反馈给计量控制仪5，达到预定值时，停止向原料罐2补充金属氢化物；
步骤2：从回料罐3回收金属氧化物
(21)将回料管33***材料周转区65或材料运输车55的回料仓35内；
(22)操作计量控制仪5，使固态加氢装置进入回料回收状态，风机***的吹送风机***启动；
(23)所述吹送风机***的吹送风机6工作，计量控制仪5控制第四回转阀15打开，吹送风机6输出的气流将金属氧化物输送至回料仓35内；
(24)所述第二称重仪16实时监测回料罐3内回料的量并反馈给计量控制仪5，当回料罐5内的回料全部被转移至回料仓35时，计量控制仪5自动停止吹送风机6并关闭第四回转阀15；
需要指出的是，步骤1和步骤2既可以同步进行，也可以分开进行。优选的，步骤1和步骤2同步进行，以节约程序和操作时间。
步骤3：为氢发装置补充金属氢化物和水，并回收金属氧化物
(31)将加料枪28与氢发装置的加料口9000相连，即将固态加氢装置的原料罐2、供水***和回料罐3分别与氢发装置的原料箱24、水箱44和回料箱 34一一对应；
(32)启动加料枪28的加料枪开关，计量控制仪5自动启动风机***、供水***；
(33)所述计量控制仪5控制第五回转阀打开，使适量金属氢化物由原料罐2进入第一称料斗18，然后关闭第五回转阀，第一称重仪17实时监测原料罐2内金属氢化物的量并反馈给计量控制仪5；
然后，所述计量控制仪5打开第二回转阀12，风机***的吹送风机***输出的气流将原料从第一称料斗18输送至原料箱24内，第一称料斗18实时监测每次向原料箱24输送的金属氢化物的量并反馈给计量控制仪5；
当设置在原料箱24内的第一量位传感器检测到原料箱24内的金属氢化物的量达到预定值并反馈给计量控制仪5，计量控制仪5控制固态加氢装置停止向氢发装置补充金属氢化物；或者计量控制仪5根据预设值进行添加，在添加到预设量后，控制固态加氢装置停止向氢发装置补充金属氢化物；
(34)所述计量控制仪150自动控制水泵42打开，流量计43实时监测向水箱44输入的水的量并反馈给计量控制仪5；当水箱44内的第二量位传感器检测到水箱44内的水的量达到预定值时，计量控制仪5控制固态加氢装置停止向氢发装置补充水；或者，计量控制仪5根据预设值进行添加，在添加到预设量后，控制固态加氢装置停止向氢发装置补充水；
(35)所述吸引风机***使第一捕集斗13进入负气压状态，第一捕集斗13分次(次数依回料箱34内的金属氧化物的量的不同而不同)从回料箱34回收金属氧化物，第二称料斗19实时监测第一捕集斗13每次从回料箱34回收的金属氧化物的量并反馈给计量控制仪5；
当适量回料进入第一捕集斗13后，计量控制仪5自动停止吸引风机***，并打开第三回转阀14，回料由第一捕集斗13进入回料罐3内，第二称重仪16实时监测回料罐3内回料量并反馈给计量控制仪5；
重复上述步骤，直至氢发装置内的全部金属氧化物被回收入回料罐3内；
需要指出的是，当设置在第一捕集斗13内的传感器检测到由回料箱34进入捕集斗13的金属氧化物的量没有增加时，反馈给计量控制仪5，计量控制仪5控制回料回收***停止向氢发装置回收金属氧化物；
需要指出的是，步骤(33)、(34)、(35)可以同步进行，步骤(33)、(34)、(35)也可以分布进行。优选的，步骤(33)、(34)、(35)同步进行，以节约程序和操作时间。
步骤3结束后，所述计量控制仪5依据第一称重仪17、第一称料斗18反馈的数据计算向氢发装置补充的金属氢化物的量，依据第二称重仪16、第二称料斗19反馈的数据计算向氢发装置回收的金属氧化物的量，依据流量计43计算向氢发装置补充的水的量。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明的固态加氢装置所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。
例如本发明的固态加氢装置的另一个实施例，所述的固态加氢装置不设置风机***，通过泵动力***进行原料的供应和回料回收。所述的泵动力***包括设置在水管4上的第一输出泵、设置在加料管22上的第二输出泵和设置在回 料管32上的第一回收泵，第一输出泵、第二输出泵和第一回收泵均与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5连接。
例如本发明的固态加氢装置的另一个实施例，所述的固态加氢装置可以不通过称料斗和称重仪进行计量，还可以采用设置在水管4上的第一输出流量计、设置在加料管22上的第二输出流量计和设置在回料管32上的第一回收泵流量计进行计量，第一输出流量计、第二输出流量计和第一回收泵流量计均与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪5连接。第一输出流量计可以采用液体流量计，第二输出流量计和第一回收泵流量计可以采用固体流量计，例如美国Omega，德国MUTEC的流量计。
具体的，所述水管4上设有均与计量控制仪5连接的第一输出阀、第一输出泵和第一输出流量计，所述的加料管22上设有均与计量控制仪5连接的第二输出阀、第二输出泵和第二输出流量计，所述的回料管32上设有均与计量控制仪5连接的第一回收阀、第一回收泵和第一回收泵流量计。所述的固态加氢装置包括控制***柜1，计量控制仪5、第一输出阀、第一输出泵、第一输出流量计、第二输出阀、第二输出泵、第二输出流量计、第一回收阀、第一回收泵和第一回收泵流量计均设置在控制***柜1内。
当然，所述的固态加氢装置的也可以采用风机***和泵动力***混合的方式来进行加料和回收，还可以采用柔性螺杆输送的方式加料和回收。此外，风机***也可以只采用一个风机同时作为吸引风吸引风机和吹送风机，当然这样做会导致输出效果较差且增加***的复杂度。
如图1所示，本发明还公开一种可连续的氢发装置。
如图1所示，本发明的可连续的氢发装置包括加料口9000、氢发装置控制***8000、用于存放金属氢化物的原料箱24、用于存放液体反应物的水箱44、用于存储金属氢化物和液体反应物反应所得氢气的储氢罐3000、用于储存金属氢化物和液体反应物反应后所得副产物的回料箱34，原料箱24通过其第三输入管2001与氢发仓1000相连，水箱44通过其第四输入管4001与氢发仓1000相连，储氢罐3000通过其第二输出管3001与氢发仓1000相连，回料箱34通过其第三输出管5001与氢发仓1000相连；
所述原料箱24通过第一加料管2003与加料口9000相连，水箱44通过第二加料管4004与加料口9000相连，回料箱34通过第一回收管5008与加料口9000相连。
本发明的可连续氢发装置包括加料口9000、氢发仓1000、原料箱24、水箱44、储氢罐3000、回料箱34和氢发装置控制***8000，氢发仓1000可分批次获取液体反应物和金属氢化物并作为二者反应器，回料箱34用于获取反应的副产物，可及时释放氢发仓1000的空间，储氢罐3000从氢发仓1000获取反应产生的氢气并存储，实现了氢发反应的连续化和可控化，实现了反应副产物的回收和储存，而且，原料箱24、水箱44、回料箱34分别与加料口9000连接添加金属氢化物和液体反应物，同时回料箱34与加料口9000连接将副产物输出回收，大大提高了本发明自动可连续氢发装置的便利性和安全性，降低了成本。
如图1所示，为本发明的可连续氢发装置的一个实施例。
本发明的自动可连续氢发装置包括氢发装置控制***8000以及与氢发装置 控制***8000相连的氢发仓1000、原料箱24、储氢罐3000、水箱44、回料箱34和加料口9000。
所述原料箱24用于存储金属氢化物，设置在氢发仓1000上方，其通过第三输入管2001与氢发仓1000相连，第三输入管2001包括设置在其中部的第三输入阀2002，第三输入阀2002与氢发装置控制***8000相连，原料箱24上部还通过第一加料管2003与加料口9000相连。当然，在第三输入管2001还可以设置一输入泵。
优选的，所述原料箱24内还设有用于实时检测原料箱24内金属氢化物储量的第一量位传感器。所述原料箱24内的金属氢化物在第三输入阀2002打开后，金属氢化物落入氢发仓1000内，当定量的金属氢化物(即氢发仓1000每次获取的金属氢化物的量)流出时，氢发装置控制***8000控制第三输入阀2002关闭。第一量位传感器实时监测原料箱24内的金属氢化物的储量，反馈给氢发装置控制***8000以便监测储量，氢发装置控制***8000也可以通过第一量位传感器计算每次流出的金属氢化物的量，当定量的金属氢化物(即氢发仓1000每次获取的金属氢化物的量)流出时，氢发装置控制***8000控制第三输入阀2002关闭。
所述水箱44用于存储液体反应物，其通过第四输入管4001与氢发仓1000相连，第四输入管4001包括设置在其中部的第四输入阀4002和第四输入泵4003，第四输入阀4002和第四输入泵4003分别与氢发装置控制***8000相连，水箱44还通过第二加料管4004与加料口9000相连。
优选的，所述水箱44内设置第二量位传感器，第二量位传感器可实时监测水箱44内的液体反应物的储量。所述氢发装置控制***8000控制第四输入阀4002打开、第四输入泵4003开启时，液体反应物在第四输入泵4003的作用下流入氢发仓1000，第二量位传感器可实时监测水箱44内的液体反应物的储量，反馈给氢发装置控制***8000以便监测储量，氢发装置控制***8000也可以通过第二量位传感器计算每次流出的液体反应物的量，当监测到定量的液体反应物(即氢发仓每次获取的液体反应物的量)流出时，则氢发装置控制***8000控制第四输入阀4002关闭，第四输入泵4003停止。
优选的，所述回料箱34用于从氢发仓1000获取并存储固液混合物，回料箱34包括固体箱5003和集液箱5004，固体箱5003和集液箱5004之间设置过滤网5005，过滤网5005为漏斗形结构，固体箱5003上部通过第三输出管5001与氢发仓1000下端相连，第三输出管5001包括设置在其中部的第三输出阀5002，第三输出阀5002与氢发装置控制***8000相连，固体箱5003的下端通过第一回收管5008与加料口9000相连，第一回收管5008入口端口穿过集液箱5004与过滤网5005的下端相连，集液箱5004下部通过第一回液管5006与水箱44上部相连，第一回液管5006包括设置在其中部的第一回液泵5007，第一回液泵5007与氢发装置控制***8000相连。
优选的，所述集液箱5004内设置液位传感器，液位传感器与氢发装置控制***8000相连，当集液箱5004内液体达到一定液位后，液位传感器给氢发装置控制***8000一个反馈信号，氢发装置控制***8000控制第一回液泵5007开启，将集液箱5004内的液体泵入水箱44内。
需要指出的是，所述回料箱34依靠氢发仓1000内的氢气压力获取氢发仓1000内的副产物，氢发仓1000获取金属氢化物和液体反应物后，二者在氢发仓1000内发生反应，得到副产物，此时，氢发装置控制***8000控制第三输出管5001的第三输出阀5002开启，副产物在氢气压力的作用下，流入回料箱34的固体箱5003中，固体箱5003内的液体在重力作用下经过滤网5005自然流入集液箱5004，并得到沉积在过滤网5005上方的固态物。当然在氢发仓1000和回料箱34之间设置泵也是可以的。需要指出的是，所述固态物是指过滤后得到的含有少量液体的固液混合物。
优选的，本发明自动可连续氢发装置还包设置在加料口9000处的传感器接口，传感器接口分别与第一量位传感器、第二量位传感器相连，传感器接口通过与固态加氢装置的检测单元的检测接口与加氢装置控制***相连，第一量位传感器、第二量位传感器分别用于检测原料箱24内的固态氢储量、水箱44内的液体反应物储量，并通过传感器接口反馈给加氢装置控制***。当然，传感器接口也可以与氢发装置控制***8000连接，传感器接口与固态加氢装置的检测单元的检测接口相连，使氢发装置控制***8000与固态加氢装置的加氢装置控制***相连。
所述储氢罐3000用于从氢发仓1000获取并存储氢气以及为氢动力设备提供氢气，通过第二输出管3001与氢发仓1000相连，第二输出管3001包括设置在其中部的第二输出阀3002和第二输出泵3003，第二输出阀3002和第二输出泵3003分别与氢发装置控制***8000相连。
优选的，所述储氢罐3000还包括用于检测储氢罐3000内气压的压力传感器。
需要指出的，所述储氢罐3000内需保持一定的氢气储量和气压，当储氢罐3000内的气压＜气压下限时，则氢发装置控制***8000控制第二输出阀3002打开、第二输出泵3003开启，将氢发仓1000内的氢气送入储氢罐3000中，当储氢罐3000内气压≥气压上限时，则氢发装置控制***8000控制第二输出阀3002关闭、第二输出泵3003停止；若储氢罐3000内需要补充氢气时，而氢发仓1000内无氢气，则氢发仓1000从原料箱24和水箱44分别获取金属氢化物和液体反应物，反应产生氢气达到额定值后，在氢发装置控制***8000的控制下将氢气送入储氢罐3000。
优选的，所述储氢罐3000还包括与其相连的第一输氢管3004，第一输氢管3004与氢动力设备相连，第一输氢管3004包括设置在其中部的第一输氢气阀3005，第一输氢气阀3005与氢能源车或氢动力设备的控制***相连。
本发明的可连续氢发装置的加料模式灵活，既可对接自动的加料设备，也可手动加料。所述加料口9000用于与加氢装置相连，也可以手动加料。优选的，用于与本发明的固态加氢装置连接。
所述氢发仓1000分批次的分别从原料箱24和水箱44获取金属氢化物和液体反应物并使二者混合反应，得到氢气，以及固液混合物。
所述氢发仓1000内发生化学反应MgH 2+H 2O→Mg(OH) 2+H 2↑，实际反应时，水或者酸性物质的水溶液是过量的，以确保MgH 2反应完全，因此，氢发仓1000内金属氢化物和液体反应物反应，分别得到氢气和副产物，副产物为固态 物或固液混合物。
需要指出的是，所述氢发装置控制***8000控制氢发仓1000分批次的分别从原料箱24和水箱44获取金属氢化物和液体反应物，通过对氢发装置控制***8000的编程控制实现，在程序中可规定氢发仓1000每次获取的金属氢化物的量和液体反应物的量，并参考各罐储量。
优选的，所述氢发仓1000还包括冷却装置。
优选的，所述冷却装置可使用液体降温、散热膜或空气降温的方式为氢发仓1000降温。
优选的，所述冷却装置包括设置在氢发仓1000外侧的管道或腔体，降温液体在管道或腔体中流动以为氢发仓1000降温。进一步的，降温液体可以采用水箱44内的液体反应物，也可以使用其他降温液体为氢发仓1000降温。
本发明的自动可连续氢发装置的工作过程分为加料过程和氢气发生过程，其中，加料过程与固态加氢装置的加料过程相同。
本发明的自动可连续氢发装置的氢气发生过程如下：
(1)所述氢发装置控制***8000控制第三输入管2001的第三输入阀2002打开，向氢发仓1000加入额定量的金属氢化物，加毕，氢发装置控制***8000控制第三输入阀2002关闭；
(2)所述氢发装置控制***8000控制第四输入管4001的第四输入阀4002打开、第四输入泵4003开启，向氢发仓加入额定量的液体反应物，加毕，氢发装置控制***8000控制第四输入阀4002关闭、第四输入泵4003停止，得到氢气和副产物；
(3)当氢发仓1000中的压力达到额定值时，所述氢发装置控制***8000控制第二输出管3001的第二输出阀3002打开、第二输出泵3003开启，氢气在第二输出泵3003的作用下，由氢发仓1000进入储氢罐3000，当氢发仓1000中的压力小于设定值时，氢发装置控制***8000控制第二输出阀3002关闭、第二输出泵3003停止。同时，氢发装置控制***8000控制第三输出阀5002开启，副产物在氢气的压力下，由氢发仓1000流入回料箱34内，完毕后，氢发装置控制***8000控制第三输入阀5002关闭；
(4)副产物进入回料箱34的同时，过滤网5005对副产物进行过滤，液体进入集液箱5004，当集液箱5004内的液体的液位达到一定值时，氢发装置控制***8000控制第一回液泵5007开启，将集液箱5004内的液体转移至液体反应物储罐4000内。
需要指出的是，当原料箱24中金属氢化物的储量不足，水箱44不足，或者回料箱34中副产物过多时，可通过固态加氢装置添加原料同时回收副产物。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种固态加氢装置，其特征在于，其包括加氢装置控制***、加料枪(28)、用于存放金属氢化物的原料供应***、用于存放回收的金属氢化物与液体反应物反应后得到的副产物的回料回收***，加氢装置控制***与原料供应***和回料回收***连接，
    用于输送液体反应物的水管(4)、原料供应***通过加料管(22)以及回料回收***通过回料管(32)分别与加料枪(28)相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    还包括风机***，所述加氢装置控制***包括计量控制仪(5)，计量控制仪(5)与风机***相连，风机***分别与原料供应***、回料回收***相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述风机***包括用于输送气流的吹送风机***和用于形成负气压的吸引风机***；
    所述吹送风机***与原料供应***相连，吸引风机***与回料回收***相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述吹送风机***包括吹送风机(6)，依次与吹送风机(6)相连的第一过滤器(81)、第一空气切换阀(8)，以及分别与第一空气切换阀(8)相连的第二空气管(82)、第四空气管(83)；所述吹送风机(6)、第一空气切换阀(8)分别与计量控制仪(5)相连，第四空气管(83)与回料回收***相连，第二空气管(82)与原料供应***相连；
    所述吸引风机***包括吸引风机(7)，依次与吸引风机(7)相连的第二过滤器(91)、第二空气切换阀(9)，以及分别与第二空气切换阀(9)相连的第一空气管(92)、第三空气管(93)；所述吸引风机(7)、第二空气切换阀(9)分别与计量控制仪(5)相连，第一空气管(92)与原料供应***相连，第三空气管(93)与回料回收***相连。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述原料供应***包括用于存储金属氢化物的原料罐(2)，原料罐(2)通过加料管(22)与加料枪(28)相连。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述原料罐(2)还包括用于实时监测其内金属氢化物重量的第一称重仪(17)，第一称重仪(17)与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)相连。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述原料供应***还包括设置在原料罐(2)下方与其相连的第一称料斗(18)，第一称料斗(18)通过加料管(22)与加料枪(28)相连。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的固态加氢装置：其特征在于：
    还包括风机***，风机***包括用于形成负气压的吸引风机***，原料供应***还包括与吸引风机***相连的第二捕集斗(10)，第二捕集斗(10)包括与其相连的原料管(23)。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述原料罐(2)和原料供应***的第二捕集斗(10)通过第一回转阀(11) 相连，原料罐(2)和原料罐(2)的第一称料斗(18)通过第五回转阀相连，第一称料斗(18)下端设置第二回转阀(12)，第一回转阀(11)、第五回转阀和第二回转阀(12)均与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)相连；
    还包括风机***，风机***包括用于输送气流的吹送风机***，第二回转阀(12)通过加料管(22)与加料枪(28)相连，且与吹送风机***相连。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述回料回收***包括用于储存副产物的回料罐(3)以及设置在回料罐(3)上方与其相连的第一捕集斗(13)，第一捕集斗(13)通过回料管(32)与加料枪(28)相连。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：所述第一捕集斗(13)还包括设置在其下部的第二称料斗(19)，第二称料斗(19)与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)相连。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述回料罐(3)还包括用于实时监测其内副产物重量的第二称重仪(16)，第二称重仪(16)与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)相连。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    还包括风机***，风机***包括用于形成负气压的吸引风机***和用于输送气流的吹送风机***，第一捕集斗(13)和回料罐(3)通过第三回转阀(14)相连，第一捕集斗(13)与吸引风机***相连，第三回转阀(14)与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)相连。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：所述回料罐(3)还包括设置在其下端的与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)相连的第四回转阀(15)，第四回转阀(15)与回收管(33)相连，且与吹送风机***相连。
  15. 根据权利要求书1所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：还包括供水***，所述供水***包括水管(4)与加料枪(28)相连，水管(4)包括设置在其上的水泵(42)和流量计(43)。
  16. 根据权利要求书15所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：所述水泵(42)和流量计(43)分别与加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)相连，计量控制仪(5)自动控制水泵(42)的开启/关闭，流量计(43)实时监测水管(4)输出的液体反应物的量并反馈给计量控制仪(5)。
  17. 根据权利要求书15所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：所述供水***的水管(4)的入口端与本地水源(45)相连。
  18. 根据权利要求书6或7所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)依据第一称重仪(17)和原料供应***的第一称料斗(18)反馈的数据，计算输出的金属氢化物的量。
  19. 根据权利要求11或12所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述加氢装置控制***的计量控制仪(5)依据第二称料斗(19)和回料罐(3)的第二称重仪(16)反馈的数据，计算回收的副产物的量。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：所述金属氢化物是固态物，所述液体反应物为液态水或溶有酸性物质的水溶液，所述的副产物为固态物或固液混合物。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的固态加氢装置，其特征在于：
    所述加料管(22)、回料管(32)和水管(4)集成于一个加料枪(28)；或者，加料管(22)、回料管(32)和水管(4)为三管分体结构，各与一个加料枪(28)相连；或者，所述加料管(22)、回料管(32)和水管(4)的任意两个管与一个加料枪(28)相连，另一个管与另一个加料枪(28)相连。
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