WO2019160279A1 - Device for generating and supplying hydrogen by using vapor-state decomposition agent on solid fuel - Google Patents

Device for generating and supplying hydrogen by using vapor-state decomposition agent on solid fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019160279A1
WO2019160279A1 PCT/KR2019/001608 KR2019001608W WO2019160279A1 WO 2019160279 A1 WO2019160279 A1 WO 2019160279A1 KR 2019001608 W KR2019001608 W KR 2019001608W WO 2019160279 A1 WO2019160279 A1 WO 2019160279A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
solid
reaction tank
hydride
solid fuel
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PCT/KR2019/001608
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
강신왕
김태규
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휴그린파워(주)
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Publication of WO2019160279A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019160279A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydrogen generation and supply device configured to generate hydrogen and supply it to a fuel cell by using a decomposition agent injected in a vapor state into a solid hydride, and more particularly, a decomposition agent supplied in a liquid state.
  • a decomposition agent injected in a vapor state into a solid hydride
  • a decomposition agent supplied in a liquid state When vaporized and injected into the reaction tank through the injection nozzle, it is sprayed in a vapor state, thereby rapidly reacting with a hydride supplied in a solid state to the reaction tank so that steam can be generated in a solid fuel that can smoothly generate hydrogen.
  • the present invention relates to a hydrogen generating and feeding apparatus using release.
  • a fuel cell converts chemical energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction.
  • a technology for improving fuel efficiency using environmentally friendly energy has been focused on the rapid rise in oil prices and growing interest in environmental pollution. Is getting.
  • the stack of the fuel cell itself is reduced, or the performance of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a reformer (Balance of Plant, BOP) is improved. Improvements should be made to lighten the system and improve hydrogen storage density.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • BOP reformer
  • the hydrogen supply device corresponding to the peripheral machinery is a main device for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell.
  • the hydrogen storage fuel is a high pressure storage, liquefaction storage, hydrogen storage alloy, hydride, zeolite or There is a method using a nano-structured carbon material, and a high pressure storage method for storing hydrogen in a gaseous state at high pressure is generally used.
  • hydrides including hydrogen such as sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), zinc borohydride (ZnBH 4 ), potassium borohydride (CaBH 4 ), lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH 4 ), etc., as a replacement for high pressure storage.
  • NaBH 4 sodium borohydride
  • ZnBH 4 zinc borohydride
  • CaBH 4 potassium borohydride
  • LiAlH 4 lithium aluminum hydride
  • the method of using hydrides as described above should use a catalyst to increase the decomposition rate of hydrogen in the process of converting the hydride in the solid state into an aqueous solution state, and a basic stabilizer to prevent the hydride in the aqueous solution from indiscriminately causing hydrolysis. I had to add more.
  • the hydride stored in the hydrogen supply device is an aqueous solution
  • the aqueous solution is frozen by low external temperature, and thus the operation of the hydride is stored in a solid state, and the hydride is stored in a solid state.
  • the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, in the reaction tank by vaporizing the disintegrant supplied in the liquid state to the injection nozzle side, By spraying in the vapor state, the hydrogen is produced smoothly through rapid decomposition reaction of the hydride supplied to the reaction tank in the solid state, and in addition, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank can be supplied to the fuel cell stably and continuously.
  • the purpose is to make it possible.
  • the present invention provides a hydrogen supply apparatus for supplying hydrogen generated by decomposing a solid hydride into a decomposition agent to a fuel cell, wherein a predetermined amount of solid hydride is accommodated and the solid hydride
  • a reaction tank formed to supply hydrogen generated by the decomposition reaction with the disintegrator injected into the fuel cell, and a disintegrator installed in one side of the reaction tank and stored in a liquid state in a disintegrator storage tank through the disintegrator transport pipe.
  • the disintegrator injection unit which is vaporized by the heating means while being transported into the tank and is sprayed in a vapor state through an injection nozzle installed at the end of the disintegrant transfer pipe.
  • the hydrogen generated through the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride and the decomposing agent is transferred while the solid hydrogenation Water and by-products are characterized in that it comprises a porous partition formed to prevent movement.
  • the heating means is installed so as to surround the outer circumferential surface at the end of the disintegrator transfer pipe is formed to surround the outer circumferential surface of the heating coil and the heating coil formed to receive electrical energy, heating the solid hydride and heating coil contact It is preferably made of a heat insulator formed to prevent the loss of heat generated from the heating coil at the same time.
  • the injection nozzle is preferably installed to be embedded in the solid hydride contained in the reaction tank.
  • the solid fuel storage tank which is installed on one side of the reaction tank to store the hydride in the solid state, and the solid fuel supply formed on the lower side of the solid fuel storage tank and one side of the reaction tank is installed in communication with each other
  • the by-product discharge part installed to be opened and closed at the bottom of the tank to discharge the by-products generated therein, and while receiving and storing a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank, while the hydrogen is not supplied to the fuel cell in the reaction tank
  • a hydrogen buffer tank configured to supply the stored hydrogen to a fuel cell, and the reaction tank Opening and closing valves are formed in the hydrogen transfer pipe installed so that the hydrogen buffer tank and the fuel cell are connected to each other to control the operation of the solid fuel transfer unit, the by-product discharge unit, the decomposition agent injection unit,
  • the solid fuel transfer unit is a solid fuel transfer tube made of a tubular shape so that the solid hydride is transported, the rotary shaft is installed in the longitudinal direction inside the solid fuel transfer tube and rotated by the power transmitted from the motor, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft It is preferably made of a rotary blade coupled in a spiral shape and rotates together with the rotary shaft to transfer the solid hydride to the reaction tank side.
  • closure portion is preferably installed so that the elastic force acts in the direction of closing the solid fuel supply by the torsion spring is a sealing member installed to rotate on the hinge axis on the upper side of the solid fuel supply.
  • the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention uses the injection nozzle when the decomposing agent supplied in the liquid state is vaporized by heating means and supplied into the reaction tank while being transferred to the injection nozzle side. As it is injected into the vapor state through the reaction tank can be quickly diffused, through which there is an effect that the production of hydrogen through the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride can be made stable and smooth.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a hydrogen generation and supply apparatus using a steam cracking agent in a solid fuel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an extract of a reaction tank equipped with a spray nozzle according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which the solid hydride supplied into the reaction tank according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of regions by a porous partition wall,
  • Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing an extract of the heating structure of the injection nozzle according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a control block diagram showing a state in which the respective components are controlled by the control means according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which hydrogen generated in the reaction tank according to the present invention is supplied to the hydrogen buffer tank,
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state in which hydrogen in the reaction tank according to the present invention is supplied to the fuel cell
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a state in which hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank according to the present invention is supplied to the fuel cell
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an extract of the solid fuel transfer portion and the stopper according to the present invention.
  • the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus is configured to generate hydrogen by decomposing a solid hydride (Hs) with a decomposition agent (Gb), the reaction tank 100, It characterized in that it comprises a decomposition agent injection unit 200 and the porous partition 300.
  • Hs solid hydride
  • Gb decomposition agent
  • the reaction tank 100 is filled with a solid hydride (Hs) to a predetermined height and stored, and the decomposing agent (Gb) in a vapor state is injected from the injection nozzle 230 to be described later to the stored solid hydride (Hs).
  • the decomposing agent (Gb) in a vapor state is injected from the injection nozzle 230 to be described later to the stored solid hydride (Hs).
  • NaBH 4 sodium borohydride
  • Hs solid hydride
  • ZnBH 4 zinc borohydride
  • CaBH 4 potassium borohydride
  • Aluminum lithium (LiAlH 4 ) and the like may be used, in the accompanying drawings it is shown that the solid hydride (Hs) is in the form of granular (Granular), in addition to powder (Bead), beads (Bead), microcapsule (Microcapsule) Or it may be formed in a solid state, such as pills (Pellets) form.
  • reaction tank 100 is illustrated as having a cylindrical shape, in addition to this, it may be made in a circular, square or polygonal shape.
  • the disintegrant injection unit 200 is installed on one side of the reaction tank 100 so that the solid hydride (Hs) contained in the reaction tank 100 can generate hydrogen through a decomposition reaction (Lb)
  • the disintegrating agent (Gb) is vaporized in a vaporized state by receiving a)
  • the disintegrating agent injection unit 200 is a disintegrating agent (Lb) stored in the liquid state in the disintegrating agent storage tank 210 is a disintegrating agent. It is formed to be vaporized by the heating means 250 while being transported to the reaction tank 100 through the feed pipe 220 in a vapor state through the injection nozzle 230 installed at the end of the disintegrant feed pipe 220. .
  • the heating means 250 may be set to be heated to the same temperature, and alternatively, the heating means may be set to gradually increase toward the injection nozzle 230.
  • the disintegrant injection unit 200 is preferably provided with a pump (P) to supply the disintegrating agent (Lb) stored in the disintegrant storage tank 210 to the injection nozzle 230, the injection nozzle 230 is It is preferable that the vapor state decomposition agent (Gb) is formed so that it can be sprayed in a wide range.
  • the liquid decomposition agent (Lb) stored in the decomposition storage tank 210 in the above is to reduce the half-life by adjusting the pH of the hydride (Hs) to cause a decomposition reaction in which hydrogen is generated, hydrochloric acid (Hydrochloric Acid)
  • Hs hydrochloric acid
  • sulfuric acid, nitric acid, boric acid and acetic acid may be used, and also diluted with distilled water to facilitate handling. Formed in solution can be used.
  • the decomposition agent conveying pipe 220 and the injection nozzle 230 are provided with high acid resistance so as to withstand the decomposition agents Lb and Gb of the acid component, and when heated by the heating means 250.
  • the injection nozzle 230 is made of a metal material. In this case, it is preferable that the inner and outer surfaces are coated to prevent corrosion by acid.
  • the porous partition 300 is installed at a height set so that the inside of the reaction tank 100 is partitioned up and down, while the solid hydride (Hs) and by-products (Bp) do not pass, while the solid hydride (Hs) Hydrogen generated through the decomposition reaction of the decomposition agent (Gb) is formed to be mobile.
  • the porous barrier 300 is limited so that the injection position of the decomposition agent (Gb) by the solid hydride (Hs) and the injection nozzle 230 is not significantly changed even when the reaction tank 100 is tilted or the up and down directions are reversed. This is to ensure that hydrogen is produced at a rapid and constant rate.
  • the solid hydride (Hs) is intended to prevent boiling of bubbles when hydrogen is generated through a decomposition reaction with the decomposition agent (Gb).
  • the injection nozzle 230 is fixed to the reaction tank 100 and cannot be flowed.
  • the digest (Hs) varies in position in the reaction tank 100 and approaches or moves away from the injection nozzle 230, although the decomposition agent (Gb) in the vapor state is relatively higher than the decomposition agent (Lb) in the liquid state. Even if it diffuses quickly, the decomposition reaction does not occur at a constant rate, so that the problem of generating hydrogen remains difficult.
  • the porous partition 300 is solid hydride in the reaction tank 100 according to the size of the reaction tank 100 or the amount of solid hydride (Hs) accommodated in the reaction tank 100 as shown in FIG. It may be installed so as to partition a plurality of spaces (Hs) is accommodated, as described above, when a plurality of receiving spaces of solid hydride (Hs) in the reaction tank 100 by the porous partition 300 is divided into It is to install a spray nozzle 230 in which a vapor decomposition agent (Gb) is injected in each of the plurality of receiving spaces so that the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride (Hs) and the decomposition agent (Gb) can be made more quickly and smoothly. desirable.
  • the liquid disintegrator (Lb) stored in the disintegrant storage tank (210) reacts through the disintegrant transfer pipe (220).
  • the disintegrating agent (Lb) in the liquid state which is conveyed inwardly in the tank (100) and is transferred through the disintegrating agent conveying pipe (220), is heated to a temperature set at the portion where the heating means (250) is installed and vaporized to react with the reaction tank (100). It is sprayed in the vapor state through the injection nozzle 230 is installed inside.
  • the disintegrator Gb injected in the vapor state diffuses faster than the disintegrator Lb injected in the liquid state and rapidly decomposes with the solid hydride Hs in the reaction tank 100 to generate hydrogen.
  • the by-product (Bp) layer is rapidly passed during the decomposition reaction, it is possible to smoothly generate hydrogen by reacting with the solid hydride (Hs) without dissolving the by-product (Bp).
  • the reaction tank 100 is tilted or the up and down directions Even if reversed, when the decomposition agent (Gb) is injected through the injection nozzle 230, there is an effect of maintaining a constant production rate of hydrogen through the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs).
  • the heating means 250 is installed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the disintegrating agent transport pipe 220 as shown in Figure 4 and the heating coil 251 formed to be heated by receiving electrical energy, the outer peripheral surface of the heating coil 251 It is preferably made of a heat insulating material 252 installed to surround.
  • the disintegrator Lb supplied in the liquid state from the disintegrator storage tank 210 is vaporized by the heating coil 251 heated while passing through the disintegrator conveying pipe 220 and sprayed in a vapor state in the injection nozzle 230.
  • the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs) can be made quickly and smoothly.
  • the heating coil 251 is prevented from directly contacting the solid hydride (Hs) through the heat insulating material 252 installed on the outer circumferential surface of the heating coil 251 and the heat generated from the heating coil 251 is lost.
  • the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs) is made more stable, as well as the effect of minimizing energy loss for heating the heating coil 251.
  • the injection nozzle 230 is preferably installed to be embedded in the solid hydride (Hs) accommodated in the reaction tank 100, which is a solid at the same time as the disintegrator (Gb) in the vapor state is injected through the injection nozzle 230
  • Hs solid hydride
  • the disintegrator (Gb) in the vapor state is injected through the injection nozzle 230
  • the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention includes a solid fuel storage tank 400, a solid fuel transfer part 500, a stopper part 120, and a by-product discharge.
  • the unit 130, the hydrogen buffer tank 600, the opening and closing valve 800, the control means 900 may be configured to further include.
  • the solid fuel storage tank 400 is installed on one side of the reaction tank is formed to store the hydride (Hs) of the solid state, the solid fuel transfer unit 500 and the lower portion of the solid fuel storage tank 400 and the reaction tank Solid fuel supply unit 110 formed on one side of the (100) is installed in communication with each other to transport the solid hydride (Hs) stored in the solid fuel storage tank 400 is supplied to the reaction tank (100).
  • the stopper 120 is a solid hydride (Hs) stored in the solid fuel storage tank 400 is supplied to the reaction tank 100 by the solid fuel transfer unit 500 in close contact with the solid fuel supply unit 110 By closing, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is prevented from leaking to the solid fuel storage tank 400 when the decomposition agent Gb in the vapor state is injected through the injection nozzle 230.
  • Hs solid hydride
  • the by-product discharge unit 130 is installed in the lower portion of the reaction tank 100 so as to be opened and closed, by-products generated inside the reaction tank 100 by the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride (Hs) and the decomposition agent (Gb). (Bp) is formed to discharge to the outside of the reaction tank (100).
  • the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is formed to receive and store a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 to the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 and to supply the stored hydrogen to the fuel cell (F), the reaction tank ( When the solid hydride (Hs) is supplied in the 100, when hydrogen is generated in the reaction tank 100, the reaction tank (such as when to discharge the by-product (Bp) generated in the reaction tank 100 to the outside) While hydrogen is not supplied to the fuel cell F in the fuel cell 100, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F so that the hydrogen can be continuously supplied to the fuel cell F. Formed.
  • the opening and closing valve 800 is provided to be opened and closed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 is installed so that the reaction tank 100, the hydrogen buffer tank 600 and the fuel cell (F) is connected to each other to prevent the hydrogen supplied or supplied. will be.
  • the on-off valve 800 is preferably formed so that the opening and closing operation is controlled by the control means 900 to be described later, for this purpose, the on-off valve 800 to the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600 It is preferable that the sensor unit S detects and transmits the detected information to the control unit 900 so that the operation of the on / off valve 800 by the control unit 900 is accurately controlled.
  • the reaction tank 100 is installed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 connecting the fuel cell F to the reaction water introduction closed valve 810.
  • the storage tank is installed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 connecting the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600 to the storage water introduction valve 820, the hydrogen transfer pipe connecting the hydrogen buffer tank 600 and the fuel cell (F). What is installed in the 700 will be described by dividing the buffer water introduction closed valve 830.
  • control means 900 controls the operation of the solid fuel transfer unit 500, the by-product discharge unit 130, the disintegrant injection unit 200, and the opening / closing valve 800 to control the fuel cell (F).
  • the control means 900 controls the operation of the solid fuel transfer unit 500, the by-product discharge unit 130, the disintegrant injection unit 200, and the opening / closing valve 800 to control the fuel cell (F).
  • the fuel cell (F) In addition to being formed to continuously supply the hydrogen required for the operation in the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600, it is formed to control the temperature heated by the heating means 250.
  • the storage water introduction closed valve 820 installed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 connecting the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600 can be controlled by the control means 900, unlike the control means 900 It may be provided with a check valve formed to open or close according to the degree of pressure without the intervention.
  • the solid fuel storage tank 400 As described above, the solid fuel storage tank 400, the solid fuel transfer unit 500, the stopper 120, the by-product discharge unit 130, the hydrogen buffer tank 600, the opening / closing valve 800 and the control means 900. Looking at the effects of the hydrogen generation and the supply device using a steam decomposition agent to the solid fuel comprising a more as follows.
  • the hydride (Hs) in the solid state stored in the solid fuel storage tank 400 is transferred to the reaction tank 100 by the solid fuel transfer unit 500 operated by the control means 900 and supplied to the fuel cell F.
  • a proper amount is supplied into the reaction tank 100 through the solid fuel supply unit 110 according to the amount of hydrogen to be, and since the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 is at atmospheric pressure, solid hydride in the solid fuel storage tank 400 ( Hs) may be supplied through the solid fuel transfer part 500.
  • the solid fuel supply unit 110 is in a tightly sealed state by the stopper 120, the hydrogen transfer pipe 700
  • the installed reaction water introducing waste valve 810, the storage water introducing waste valve 820, and the buffer water introducing waste valve 830 are all controlled by the control means 900.
  • the liquid decomposing agent (Lb) stored in the decomposer storage tank 210 ) Is supplied to the disintegrator feed pipe 220, and while passing through the heating means 250 installed in the disintegrator feed pipe 220, the liquid disintegrator Lb is vaporized and sprayed through the injection nozzle 230. At this time, it is injected into the reaction tank 100 in a vapor state.
  • the disintegrating agent (Gb) injected in the vapor state is rapidly diffused in the reaction tank (100) to cause decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs) supplied from the solid fuel storage tank (400). Is generated.
  • the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 increases.
  • the storage water introduction closed valve 820 is When opened by the control means 900, as shown in Figure 6, when the storage water introduction closed valve 820 is opened, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is the hydrogen buffer tank 600 by the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 Is supplied.
  • the control means 900 is stored hydrogen
  • the internal pressure in the state in which hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 may supply hydrogen to the fuel cell F when the buffer water introduction closed valve 830 is opened. It becomes a pressure state of the degree, the hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is maintained in a stored state until all the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to the fuel cell (F).
  • the reaction water introduction closed valve 810 is opened by the control means 900 as shown in FIG.
  • the on-off valve 810 is opened, hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to the fuel field by the internal pressure.
  • reaction water introducing and closing valve 810 is closed and the buffer water introducing and closing valve 830 is opened as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the reaction water introducing and closing valve 810 is closed and the buffer water introducing and closing valve 830 is opened as shown in FIG. 8.
  • 830 is opened, hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F by the internal pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank 600.
  • the by-product discharge unit 130 While hydrogen of the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F, the by-product discharge unit 130 is opened by the control means 900 so that the by-product Bp remaining in the reaction tank 100 is moved to the outside.
  • the by-product discharge unit 130 When the discharge of the by-product (Bp) is completed, the by-product discharge unit 130 is in a closed state, the amount of solids set from the solid fuel storage tank 400 in the reaction tank 100 in which the by-product (Bp) is discharged Hydride (Hs) is supplied through the solid fuel transfer unit (500).
  • the decomposition tank Gb is injected into the reaction tank 100 to generate hydrogen.
  • the storage water introduction valve 820 is opened, a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is set
  • the buffer water introducing and closing valve 830 is closed and the reaction water introducing and closing valve 810 is opened so that the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is discharged to the fuel cell F. Supplied to.
  • a part of hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600, and when all the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to the fuel cell F, the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is stored. While the stored hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell F and the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F, the by-product Bp in the reaction tank 100 is removed and the solid hydride Hs is removed. ) By receiving a new supply so that it can supply hydrogen generated by decomposition reaction with the decomposition agent (Gb) injected in the vapor state, there is an effect that can provide a stable and continuous supply of hydrogen required for the fuel cell (F).
  • the solid fuel transfer part 500 has a solid fuel transfer pipe 510 having a tubular shape such that the solid hydride (Hs) is transferred, and a length of the solid fuel transfer pipe 510 in the longitudinal direction.
  • Rotating shaft 520 is rotated by receiving power from the motor (M) installed on one side of the solid fuel storage tank 400, and is coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 520 in a spiral shape and rotates with the rotating shaft 520
  • the rotary hydride (Hs) comprises a rotary blade 530 for transferring to the reaction tank 100 side.
  • the solid hydride (Hs) can be smoothly supplied into the reaction tank 100.
  • the solid hydride (Hs) can be smoothly supplied into the reaction tank 100.
  • the rotary shaft 520 and the rotary blade 530 are installed to the bottom surface side of the solid fuel storage tank 400, the length of the solid fuel transfer pipe 510 and the width of the solid fuel storage tank 400 is formed to the sum of the length
  • the solid hydride (Hs) filled in the lower portion of the solid fuel storage tank 400 is supplied to the reaction tank 100 by the time required to fill the solid hydride (Hs) in the solid fuel storage tank 400 from time to time
  • the solid hydride (Hs) can be smoothly supplied to the reaction tank 100 without being deposited on the lower portion of the solid fuel storage tank 400.
  • the solid fuel storage tank 400 May be formed in the shape of a light beam narrowing.
  • the stopper 120 is a direction in which the sealing member 122 installed to be rotated by the hinge shaft 121 on the upper side of the solid fuel supply unit 110 to close the solid fuel supply unit 110 by the torsion spring 123. It is preferable that the elastic force is installed to act.
  • the solid fuel supply unit 110 is kept in a closed state at all times, and the solid hydrogen fuel is solid fuel.
  • the solid hydrogen fuel is pushed by the force supplied by the solid hydrogen fuel only while it is supplied to the reaction tank 100 through the supply unit 110, and is partially opened, and after the supply of the solid hydrogen fuel is completed, the elastic force of the torsion spring 123 is applied. Since the solid fuel supply unit 110 can be closely closed again, there is an advantage that the solid fuel supply unit 110 can be opened and closed smoothly and accurately even without separately controlling through the control unit 900.
  • the stopper 120 may be a sealing member (W) is further installed on one surface of the sealing member 122 facing the solid fuel supply unit 110 in order to close the solid fuel supply 110 more tightly, the hinge
  • the shaft 121 and the torsion spring 123 may be provided with a metal material having a separate coating treatment to have acid resistance and heat resistance.
  • the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention vaporizes the decomposing agent (Lb) supplied in the liquid state before being injected into the reaction tank (100).
  • the decomposition agent (Gb) injected in the vapor state is rapidly diffused in the reaction tank 100 of the hydrogen through the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs)
  • the generation can be made smoothly, and in addition to storing a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 in the hydrogen buffer tank 600, while the hydrogen is not produced in the reaction tank 100 fuel cell

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for generating and supplying hydrogen by using a vapor-state decomposition agent on a solid fuel, the device allowing a liquid-state decomposition agent to be vaporized while being supplied to an injection nozzle so as to be sprayed in a vapor state, thereby rapidly reacting with a hydride supplied in a solid state to a reaction tank such that hydrogen can be smoothly generated, and the present invention comprises: a reaction tank for storing a solid hydride and storing hydrogen generated through a decomposition reaction of the stored solid hydride and a decomposition agent; a decomposition agent injection part, which is provided on one side of the reaction tank, and allows a decomposition agent stored in a liquid state in a decomposition agent storage tank to be vaporized by a heating means while being supplied through a decomposition agent transfer pipe, thereby being injected in a vapor state through an injection nozzle provided at the end of the decomposition agent transfer pipe; and a porous separation wall provided to allow the solid hydride stored in the reaction tank to be immobilized such that by-products are prevented from moving while hydrogen generated by reacting the solid hydride with the decomposition agent injected through the decomposition agent injection part can move.

Description

고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치Hydrogen generation and supply device using steam cracker for solid fuel
본 발명은 고체 상태의 수소화물에 증기 상태로 분사되는 분해제를 이용해 수소를 생성하고 이를 연료전지에 공급하도록 이루어진 수소발생 및 공급장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 액체 상태로 공급된 분해제를 기화시켜 분사노즐을 통해 반응탱크 내에 분사될 때에는 증기 상태로 분사되도록 함으로써, 반응탱크에 고체 상태로 공급된 수소화물과 신속하게 반응하여 수소의 생성이 원활하게 이루어지도록 할 수 있는 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a hydrogen generation and supply device configured to generate hydrogen and supply it to a fuel cell by using a decomposition agent injected in a vapor state into a solid hydride, and more particularly, a decomposition agent supplied in a liquid state. When vaporized and injected into the reaction tank through the injection nozzle, it is sprayed in a vapor state, thereby rapidly reacting with a hydride supplied in a solid state to the reaction tank so that steam can be generated in a solid fuel that can smoothly generate hydrogen. The present invention relates to a hydrogen generating and feeding apparatus using release.
일반적으로 연료전지는 연료가 가지고 있는 화학 에너지를 전기화학 반응을 통해 직접 전기에너지로 변환시키는 것으로, 최근 급격한 유가 상승과 환경 오염에 대한 관심이 커지면서 친환경 에너지를 사용해 연료 효율을 높일 수 있는 기술이 주목을 받고 있다.In general, a fuel cell converts chemical energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. Recently, a technology for improving fuel efficiency using environmentally friendly energy has been focused on the rapid rise in oil prices and growing interest in environmental pollution. Is getting.
연료전지는 화석 연료와 비교해 환경 오염 물질이 생성되지 않음은 물론 에너지 효율이 높고, 소음이 없으며, 지구 온난화를 일으키는 원인이 되고 있는 온실가스의 발생이 적어 수송, 발전, 가정, 휴대용 등의 다양한 분야에서 응용하기 위한 노력이 계속적으로 이루어지고 있다.Compared with fossil fuels, fuel cells are not generated from environmental pollutants, have high energy efficiency, have no noise, and generate less greenhouse gases that cause global warming. Efforts to continue to apply in
이러한 연료전지의 성능을 향상시키기 위해서는 연료전지 자체의 스택(stack)을 경량화하거나, 막전극 접합체(Membrane Electrode Assembly, MEA) 및 개질기(Reformer)의 성능 개선하거나 주변 기계장치(Balance of Plant, BOP) 개선을 통한 시스템 경량화 및 수소 저장 밀도를 향상시켜야 한다.In order to improve the performance of such a fuel cell, the stack of the fuel cell itself is reduced, or the performance of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a reformer (Balance of Plant, BOP) is improved. Improvements should be made to lighten the system and improve hydrogen storage density.
이 중에서 주변 기계장치에 해당하는 수소 공급장치의 경우에는 연료전지로 수소를 공급하기 위한 주요 장치로, 연료인 수소를 저장하는 방식으로는 고압 저장, 액화저장, 수소저장 합금, 수소화물, 제올라이트 또는 나노구조 탄소소재를 이용하는 방식이 있고, 보편적으로는 기체 상태의 수소를 고압 상태로 저장하는 고압 저장방식이 사용되고 있다.Among these, the hydrogen supply device corresponding to the peripheral machinery is a main device for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell. The hydrogen storage fuel is a high pressure storage, liquefaction storage, hydrogen storage alloy, hydride, zeolite or There is a method using a nano-structured carbon material, and a high pressure storage method for storing hydrogen in a gaseous state at high pressure is generally used.
그러나 상기한 고압 저장방식의 경우에는 폭발 위험성이 항상 내재되어 있고, 장치의 전체적인 중량이 크며, 유지관리에 많은 비용이 소요되는 단점이 있었다.However, in the case of the above-mentioned high pressure storage method, there is a disadvantage that the explosion risk is always inherent, the overall weight of the device is large, and the maintenance is expensive.
이에 따라 고압 저장방식을 대체하기 위한 일환으로 수소화 붕소 나트륨(NaBH4), 수소화 붕소 아연(ZnBH4), 수소화붕소 칼륨(CaBH4), 수소화 알루미늄 리튬(LiAlH4) 등과 같은 수소를 포함하는 수소화물을 별도의 반응 탱크 내에서 분해하여 발생된 수소를 연료전지로 공급하는 기술이 개발되었다.Accordingly, hydrides including hydrogen, such as sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), zinc borohydride (ZnBH 4 ), potassium borohydride (CaBH 4 ), lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH 4 ), etc., as a replacement for high pressure storage. Was developed in a separate reaction tank to supply hydrogen generated fuel to the fuel cell.
하지만 상기와 같이 수소화물을 이용하는 방식은 고체 상태의 수소화물을 수용액 상태로 변화시키는 과정에서 수소의 분해율을 높이기 위해 촉매를 사용해야 하고, 수용액 내의 수소화물이 무분별하게 가수분해를 일으키지 않도록 염기성 안정화제를 더 첨가해야 했다.However, the method of using hydrides as described above should use a catalyst to increase the decomposition rate of hydrogen in the process of converting the hydride in the solid state into an aqueous solution state, and a basic stabilizer to prevent the hydride in the aqueous solution from indiscriminately causing hydrolysis. I had to add more.
이에 따라, 제조비용 및 제조시간이 증대되는 문제, 온도변화와 운용시간에 따라 성능 변화가 발생하는 문제, 촉매의 내구성 문제 및 가수분해 반응으로 인해 수소의 발생 선능이 불안정해지는 문제점이 있었다.Accordingly, there is a problem in that manufacturing cost and manufacturing time increase, performance change occurs according to temperature change and operating time, catalyst durability problem, and hydrogen generation ability becomes unstable due to hydrolysis reaction.
한편, 수소 공급장치에 저장된 수소화물이 수용액 상태인 경우에는 낮은 외부 온도에 의해 수용액이 빙결되어 운용에 제약이 발생함에 따라, 수소화물을 고체 상태로 저장하고 그 저장된 수소화물의 표면에 액체 상태의 분해제를 분사하여 수소를 생성시키는 연구가 이루어지고 있다.On the other hand, when the hydride stored in the hydrogen supply device is an aqueous solution, the aqueous solution is frozen by low external temperature, and thus the operation of the hydride is stored in a solid state, and the hydride is stored in a solid state. Research has been carried out to generate hydrogen by injecting a decomposition agent.
그러나 상기와 같이 액체 상태의 분해제를 고체 상태의 수소화물 상측에 분사하는 경우 분해제와 수소화물의 가수분해 반응 후 부산물이 수소화물을 도포하게 되는데, 반응이 지속될수록 부산물 층은 점차 두꺼워져 액상의 분해제가 부산물 층을 통과하여 수소화물과 반응하는데 많은 시간이 소요될 뿐만 아니라 수소의 생성이 원활히 이루어지지 못하는 문제가 있었다.However, when the liquid decomposition agent is sprayed on the upper side of the solid hydride as described above, the byproduct is applied to the hydride after the hydrolysis reaction between the decomposition agent and the hydride. It is not only a long time for the decomposition agent to react with the hydride through the by-product layer, but also there was a problem that the hydrogen is not produced smoothly.
또한 설정된 양의 수소를 생성하기 위해 액상의 분해제를 과도하게 분사하게 될 경우 불필요하게 분해제가 낭비되는 것은 물론, 분해제에 의해 용해된 액상의 부산물이 반응기 내부의 열에 의해 끓어오르면서 반응기의 압력이 급격히 상승하게 되어 폭발할 우려가 있었으며, 반응탱크가 안전한 수준의 압력을 유지할 수 있도록 하기 위해서는 반응탱크 내에 생성된 수소를 임의로 배출시켜야 함에 따라 수소의 저장밀도가 저하되는 문제가 있었다.In addition, when excessively disintegrating the liquid decomposing agent to generate a set amount of hydrogen, the decomposing agent is unnecessarily wasted, as well as the by-products of the liquid dissolved by the decomposing agent boil off by the heat inside the reactor. There was a risk of exploding due to the sharp rise, there was a problem that the storage density of the hydrogen is lowered as the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank to be discharged arbitrarily in order to maintain the pressure of the reaction tank.
아울러, 수소화물을 고체 상태로 저장하는 경우에는 저장되는 수소화물의 양에 따라 반응탱크의 크기가 커지게 되는 문제가 있으며, 반응탱크에 생성된 부산물을 제거하거나 반응탱크 내에 고체 수소화물을 새로 공급하기 위해 동안에는 연료전지에 수소를 공급하지 못하게 되어 연료전지의 작동이 정상적으로 이루어지지 못하는 문제가 있었다.In addition, when the hydride is stored in the solid state, there is a problem in that the size of the reaction tank increases according to the amount of hydrides stored, and by-products generated in the reaction tank are removed or solid hydride is newly supplied into the reaction tank. In order to prevent the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell during the operation of the fuel cell was not a normal operation.
따라서, 본 발명에 따른 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치는 이와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 액체 상태로 공급된 분해제가 분사노즐 측으로 이송되는 동안 기화시켜 반응탱크 내에서는 증기 상태로 분사되도록 함으로써, 반응탱크에 고체 상태로 공급된 수소화물의 신속한 분해 반응을 통해 수소의 생성이 원활하게 이루어지도록 하고, 이에 더해 반응탱크에서 생성된 수소가 연료전지에 안정적이면서도 지속적으로 공급할 수 있도록 하는데 목적이 있다.Therefore, the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, in the reaction tank by vaporizing the disintegrant supplied in the liquid state to the injection nozzle side, By spraying in the vapor state, the hydrogen is produced smoothly through rapid decomposition reaction of the hydride supplied to the reaction tank in the solid state, and in addition, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank can be supplied to the fuel cell stably and continuously. The purpose is to make it possible.
본 발명은 상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 것으로, 고체 상태의 수소화물을 분해제로 분해시켜 생성된 수소를 연료전지에 공급하는 수소 공급장치에 있어서, 설정된 양의 고체 수소화물이 수용되어 그 고체 수소화물에 분사된 분해제와 분해 반응하여 생성된 수소를 연료전지에 공급하도록 형성된 반응탱크와, 상기 반응탱크의 일측에 설치되고, 분해제저장탱크에 액상 상태로 저장된 분해제가 분해제이송관을 통해 상기 반응탱크의 내부로 이송되는 동안 가열수단에 의해 기화되어 상기 분해제이송관의 끝단에 설치된 분사노즐을 통해 증기 상태로 분사되도록 형성된 분해제분사부와, 상기 반응탱크 내부가 상·하로 구획되도록 설정된 높이로 설치되어 상기 고체 수소화물과 분해제의 분해 반응을 통해 생성된 수소는 이동되도록 하면서도 고체 수소화물과 부산물은 이동하지 못하도록 형성된 다공성격벽을 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydrogen supply apparatus for supplying hydrogen generated by decomposing a solid hydride into a decomposition agent to a fuel cell, wherein a predetermined amount of solid hydride is accommodated and the solid hydride A reaction tank formed to supply hydrogen generated by the decomposition reaction with the disintegrator injected into the fuel cell, and a disintegrator installed in one side of the reaction tank and stored in a liquid state in a disintegrator storage tank through the disintegrator transport pipe. It is installed at the height set so that the inside of the reaction tank is divided up and down, and the disintegrator injection unit which is vaporized by the heating means while being transported into the tank and is sprayed in a vapor state through an injection nozzle installed at the end of the disintegrant transfer pipe. The hydrogen generated through the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride and the decomposing agent is transferred while the solid hydrogenation Water and by-products are characterized in that it comprises a porous partition formed to prevent movement.
여기서, 상기 가열수단은 상기 분해제이송관의 끝단부에 외주면을 감싸도록 설치되어 전기에너지를 공급받아 가열하도록 형성된 히팅코일과, 상기 히팅코일의 외주면을 감싸도록 설치되어 고체 수소화물과 히팅코일이 접촉되는 것을 차단함과 동시에 히팅코일에서 발생된 열이 손실되는 것을 억제하도록 형성된 단열재로 이루어진 것이 바람직하다.Here, the heating means is installed so as to surround the outer circumferential surface at the end of the disintegrator transfer pipe is formed to surround the outer circumferential surface of the heating coil and the heating coil formed to receive electrical energy, heating the solid hydride and heating coil contact It is preferably made of a heat insulator formed to prevent the loss of heat generated from the heating coil at the same time.
또한, 상기 분사노즐은 반응탱크 내에 수용된 고체 수소화물에 매립되게 설치된 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the injection nozzle is preferably installed to be embedded in the solid hydride contained in the reaction tank.
한편, 상기 반응탱크의 일측에 설치되어 고체 상태의 수소화물이 저장되는 고체연료저장탱크와, 상기 고체연료저장탱크의 하부와 반응탱크의 일측면에 형성된 고체연료공급부가 서로 연통되게 설치되어 상기 고체연료저장탱크에 저장된 고체 수소화물이 상기 반응탱크에 공급되도록 이송시키는 고체연료이송부와, 상기 고체연료이송부에 의해 고체 수소화물의 공급이 완료되면 상기 고체연료공급부를 폐쇄하도록 형성된 마개부와, 상기 반응탱크의 하부에 개폐 가능하게 설치되어 내부에 생성된 부산물을 배출시키는 부산물배출부와, 상기 반응탱크에서 생성된 수소의 일부를 공급받아 저장하였다가 상기 반응탱크에서 연료전지에 수소가 공급되지 못하는 동안 그 저장해둔 수소를 연료전지에 공급하도록 형성된 수소버퍼탱크와, 상기 반응탱크와 수소버퍼탱크 및 연료전지가 서로 연결되도록 설치된 수소이송관에 개폐 가능하게 구비되어 수소가 공급되거나 공급되지 못하도록 형성된 개폐밸브와, 상기 고체연료이송부, 부산물배출부, 분해제분사부, 개폐밸브의 작동을 제어하여 연료전지가 동작하는데 필요로 하는 수소를 상기 반응탱크 및 수소버퍼탱크에서 지속적으로 공급하도록 형성된 제어수단을 더 포함하여 구성된 것이 바람직하다.On the other hand, the solid fuel storage tank which is installed on one side of the reaction tank to store the hydride in the solid state, and the solid fuel supply formed on the lower side of the solid fuel storage tank and one side of the reaction tank is installed in communication with each other A solid fuel transfer part for transferring the solid hydride stored in the fuel storage tank to the reaction tank, a stopper formed to close the solid fuel supply part when the supply of the solid hydride is completed by the solid fuel transfer part, and the reaction; The by-product discharge part installed to be opened and closed at the bottom of the tank to discharge the by-products generated therein, and while receiving and storing a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank, while the hydrogen is not supplied to the fuel cell in the reaction tank A hydrogen buffer tank configured to supply the stored hydrogen to a fuel cell, and the reaction tank Opening and closing valves are formed in the hydrogen transfer pipe installed so that the hydrogen buffer tank and the fuel cell are connected to each other to control the operation of the solid fuel transfer unit, the by-product discharge unit, the decomposition agent injection unit, and the opening / closing valve. It is preferable that it further comprises a control means configured to continuously supply the hydrogen required for the operation of the fuel cell in the reaction tank and the hydrogen buffer tank.
여기서, 상기 고체연료이송부는 고체 수소화물이 이송되도록 관 형상으로 이루어진 고체연료이송관과, 고체연료이송관의 내부에 길이방향으로 설치되어 모터로부터 전달된 동력에 의해 회전하는 회전축과, 상기 회전축의 외주면에 나선형상으로 결합되어 상기 회전축과 함께 회전하며 고체 수소화물을 상기 반응탱크 측으로 이송시키는 회전날개로 이루어진 것이 바람직하다.Here, the solid fuel transfer unit is a solid fuel transfer tube made of a tubular shape so that the solid hydride is transported, the rotary shaft is installed in the longitudinal direction inside the solid fuel transfer tube and rotated by the power transmitted from the motor, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft It is preferably made of a rotary blade coupled in a spiral shape and rotates together with the rotary shaft to transfer the solid hydride to the reaction tank side.
또한, 상기 마개부는 고체연료공급부의 상측에 힌지축으로 회동되게 설치된 밀폐부재가 비틀림스프링에 의해 상기 고체연료공급부를 폐쇄하는 방향으로 탄성력이 작용하도록 설치된 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the closure portion is preferably installed so that the elastic force acts in the direction of closing the solid fuel supply by the torsion spring is a sealing member installed to rotate on the hinge axis on the upper side of the solid fuel supply.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치는 액체 상태로 공급된 분해제가 분사노즐 측으로 이송되는 동안 가열수단에 의해 기화되어 반응탱크 내에 공급될 때에는 분사노즐을 통해 증기 상태로 분사됨에 따라 반응탱크 내에 신속히 확산될 수 있고, 이를 통해 고체 수소화물의 분해 반응을 통한 수소의 생성이 안정적이면서도 원활하게 이루질 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention uses the injection nozzle when the decomposing agent supplied in the liquid state is vaporized by heating means and supplied into the reaction tank while being transferred to the injection nozzle side. As it is injected into the vapor state through the reaction tank can be quickly diffused, through which there is an effect that the production of hydrogen through the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride can be made stable and smooth.
또한 반응탱크 내에서 생성된 수소의 일부를 저장해 두었다가, 그 저장해둔 수소는 반응탱크 내에서 연료전지에 공급하기 위한 수소를 생성하는 동안 연료전지에 공급함으로써, 연료전지에서 필요로 하는 수소를 지속적으로 공급하여 안정적으로 동작되도록 할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, a portion of hydrogen generated in the reaction tank is stored, and the stored hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell while generating hydrogen for supply to the fuel cell in the reaction tank, thereby continuously supplying the hydrogen required by the fuel cell. There is an effect that can be supplied to operate stably.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치를 나타낸 개략도,1 is a schematic view showing a hydrogen generation and supply apparatus using a steam cracking agent in a solid fuel according to the present invention,
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 분사노즐이 구비된 반응탱크를 발췌하여 나타낸 개략도,2 is a schematic view showing an extract of a reaction tank equipped with a spray nozzle according to the present invention;
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 반응탱크의 내부에 공급된 고체 수소화물이 다공성 격벽에 의해 복수개의 영역으로 구획된 상태를 나타낸 개략도,3 is a schematic view showing a state in which the solid hydride supplied into the reaction tank according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of regions by a porous partition wall,
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 분사노즐의 가열구조를 발췌하여 나타낸 측단면도,Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing an extract of the heating structure of the injection nozzle according to the present invention,
도 5는 본 발명에 따른 제어수단에 의해 각 구성들이 제어되는 상태를 나타낸 제어구성도,5 is a control block diagram showing a state in which the respective components are controlled by the control means according to the present invention,
도 6은 본 발명에 따른 반응탱크에서 생성된 수소가 수소버퍼탱크에 공급되는 상태를 나타낸 개략도,6 is a schematic view showing a state in which hydrogen generated in the reaction tank according to the present invention is supplied to the hydrogen buffer tank,
도 7은 본 발명에 따른 반응탱크 내의 수소가 연료전지에 공급되는 상태를 나타낸 개략도,7 is a schematic view showing a state in which hydrogen in the reaction tank according to the present invention is supplied to the fuel cell,
도 8은 본 발명에 따른 수소버퍼탱크 내의 수소가 연료전지에 공급되는 상태를 나타낸 개략도,8 is a schematic view showing a state in which hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank according to the present invention is supplied to the fuel cell,
도 9는 본 발명에 따른 고체연료이송부 및 마개부를 발췌하여 나타낸 개략도이다.9 is a schematic view showing an extract of the solid fuel transfer portion and the stopper according to the present invention.
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치에 대하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with respect to the hydrogen generating and supply apparatus using a steam cracking agent in a solid fuel according to the present invention.
본 발명에 따른 수소발생 및 공급장치는 도 1 및 2에 도시한 바와 같이, 고체 상태의 수소화물(Hs)을 분해제(Gb)로 분해시켜 수소를 생성하도록 이루어진 것으로, 반응탱크(100), 분해제분사부(200) 및 다공성격벽(300)을 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus according to the present invention is configured to generate hydrogen by decomposing a solid hydride (Hs) with a decomposition agent (Gb), the reaction tank 100, It characterized in that it comprises a decomposition agent injection unit 200 and the porous partition 300.
상기의 반응탱크(100)는 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 일정 높이로 채워져 저장되고, 그 저장된 고체 수소화물(Hs)에 후술할 분사노즐(230)로부터 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)가 분사되었을 때 이들의 분해 반응에 의해 생성된 수소가 내부공간에 채워지면서 소정의 압력으로 저장되도록 형성된 것이다.The reaction tank 100 is filled with a solid hydride (Hs) to a predetermined height and stored, and the decomposing agent (Gb) in a vapor state is injected from the injection nozzle 230 to be described later to the stored solid hydride (Hs). When the hydrogen generated by their decomposition reaction is filled in the internal space is formed to be stored at a predetermined pressure.
이때의 고체 수소화물(Hs)은 상대적으로 취급이 용이하고 획득하기 쉬운 수소화 붕소 나트륨(NaBH4)을 이용하는 것이 바람직하나, 이 외에도 수소화 붕소 아연(ZnBH4), 수소화붕소 칼륨(CaBH4), 수소화 알루미늄 리튬(LiAlH4) 등이 사용될 수 있으며, 첨부한 도면에서는 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 알갱이(Granular) 형태인 것으로 도시하였으나, 이 외에도 분말(Powder), 구슬(Bead), 마이크로캡슐(Microcapsule) 또는 알약(Pellets) 형태와 같은 고체 상태로 형성된 것일 수 있다.At this time, it is preferable to use sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) as a solid hydride (Hs), which is relatively easy to handle and easy to obtain, but in addition, zinc borohydride (ZnBH 4 ), potassium borohydride (CaBH 4 ), and hydrogenation Aluminum lithium (LiAlH 4 ) and the like may be used, in the accompanying drawings it is shown that the solid hydride (Hs) is in the form of granular (Granular), in addition to powder (Bead), beads (Bead), microcapsule (Microcapsule) Or it may be formed in a solid state, such as pills (Pellets) form.
또한 반응탱크(100)는 원통 형태인 것으로 도시하였으나, 이 외에도 원형, 사각형 또는 다각형 형태로 이루어질 수 있는 것이다.In addition, although the reaction tank 100 is illustrated as having a cylindrical shape, in addition to this, it may be made in a circular, square or polygonal shape.
상기의 분해제분사부(200)는 반응탱크(100)의 일측에 설치되어 반응탱크(100) 내에 수용된 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 분해 반응을 통해 수소를 생성할 수 있도록 액체 상태의 분해제(Lb)를 공급받아 증기 상태로 기화된 상태의 분해제(Gb)가 분사되도록 이루어진 것으로, 이러한 분해제분사부(200)는 분해제저장탱크(210) 내에 액상 상태로 저장된 분해제(Lb)가 분해제이송관(220)을 통해 반응탱크(100)에 이송되는 동안 가열수단(250)에 의해 기화되도록 하여 상기 분해제이송관(220)의 끝단에 설치된 분사노즐(230)을 통해 증기 상태로 분사하도록 형성된 것이다.The disintegrant injection unit 200 is installed on one side of the reaction tank 100 so that the solid hydride (Hs) contained in the reaction tank 100 can generate hydrogen through a decomposition reaction (Lb) The disintegrating agent (Gb) is vaporized in a vaporized state by receiving a), the disintegrating agent injection unit 200 is a disintegrating agent (Lb) stored in the liquid state in the disintegrating agent storage tank 210 is a disintegrating agent. It is formed to be vaporized by the heating means 250 while being transported to the reaction tank 100 through the feed pipe 220 in a vapor state through the injection nozzle 230 installed at the end of the disintegrant feed pipe 220. .
여기서 가열수단(250)은 동일한 온도로 가열되게 설정될 수 있으며, 이와는 달리 분사노즐(230) 측으로 갈수록 가열온도가 점차 증가하도록 설정될 수 있다.Here, the heating means 250 may be set to be heated to the same temperature, and alternatively, the heating means may be set to gradually increase toward the injection nozzle 230.
이때 분해제분사부(200)는 분해제저장탱크(210)에 저장된 분해제(Lb)를 분사노즐(230) 측으로 공급할 수 있도록 하는 펌프(P)가 구비된 것이 바람직하며, 분사노즐(230)은 증기 상태 분해제(Gb)가 넓은 범위로 분사될 수 있도록 형성된 것이 바람직하다.At this time, the disintegrant injection unit 200 is preferably provided with a pump (P) to supply the disintegrating agent (Lb) stored in the disintegrant storage tank 210 to the injection nozzle 230, the injection nozzle 230 is It is preferable that the vapor state decomposition agent (Gb) is formed so that it can be sprayed in a wide range.
상기에서 분해제저장탱크(210)에 저장되는 액상의 분해제(Lb)는 수소화물(Hs)의 pH를 조절하여 반감기를 단축시킴으로써 수소가 생성되는 분해 반응이 일어나게 하는 것으로, 염산(Hydrochloric Acid)을 사용하는 것이 가장 바람직하나, 이 외에도 황산(Sulfuric Acid), 질산(Nitric Acid), 붕산(Boric Acid) 및 아세트산(Acetic Acid)이 사용될 수 있으며, 또한 취급을 용이하게 하기 위해 증류수에 희석한 산성 용액으로 형성된 것이 사용될 수 있다.The liquid decomposition agent (Lb) stored in the decomposition storage tank 210 in the above is to reduce the half-life by adjusting the pH of the hydride (Hs) to cause a decomposition reaction in which hydrogen is generated, hydrochloric acid (Hydrochloric Acid) Most preferably, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, boric acid and acetic acid may be used, and also diluted with distilled water to facilitate handling. Formed in solution can be used.
이에 따라 분해제이송관(220) 및 분사노즐(230)은 산(Acid) 성분의 분해제(Lb,Gb)에 잘 견딜 수 있도록 내산성이 높은 것으로 구비하고, 가열수단(250)에 의해 가열되었을 때 액상 상태의 분해제(Lb)를 신속하게 기화시키면서도 열에 의한 변형이 이루어지지 않을 수 있도록 열전도율이 높으면서도 열전도에 의한 영향이 적은 재질로 구비하는 것이 바람직하며, 분사노즐(230)이 금속 재질로 이루어진 경우에는 내면 및 외면에 산(Acid)에 의한 부식을 방지할 수 있는 코팅처리가 된 것이 바람직하다.Accordingly, the decomposition agent conveying pipe 220 and the injection nozzle 230 are provided with high acid resistance so as to withstand the decomposition agents Lb and Gb of the acid component, and when heated by the heating means 250. In order to prevent vaporization of the liquid disintegrating agent (Lb) quickly and to prevent deformation by heat, it is preferable to provide a material having high thermal conductivity and low thermal conductivity, and the injection nozzle 230 is made of a metal material. In this case, it is preferable that the inner and outer surfaces are coated to prevent corrosion by acid.
상기의 다공성격벽(300)은 반응탱크(100)의 내부가 상·하로 구획되도록 설정된 높이로 설치되는 것으로, 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 부산물(Bp)은 통과하지 못하도록 하면서도 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 분해제(Gb)의 분해 반응을 통해 생성된 수소는 이동이 가능하도록 형성된 것이다.The porous partition 300 is installed at a height set so that the inside of the reaction tank 100 is partitioned up and down, while the solid hydride (Hs) and by-products (Bp) do not pass, while the solid hydride (Hs) Hydrogen generated through the decomposition reaction of the decomposition agent (Gb) is formed to be mobile.
이러한 다공성격벽(300)은 반응탱크(100)가 기울어지거나 상·하 방향이 반전되더라도 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 분사노즐(230)에 의한 분해제(Gb)의 분사 위치가 크게 달라지지 않도록 제한함으로써 신속하면서도 일정한 속도로 수소가 생성되도록 하기 위함이며, 이에 더해 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 분해제(Gb)와의 분해 반응을 통해 수소가 생성될 때에 거품처럼 끓어오르는 것을 방지하기 위함인 것이다.The porous barrier 300 is limited so that the injection position of the decomposition agent (Gb) by the solid hydride (Hs) and the injection nozzle 230 is not significantly changed even when the reaction tank 100 is tilted or the up and down directions are reversed. This is to ensure that hydrogen is produced at a rapid and constant rate. In addition, the solid hydride (Hs) is intended to prevent boiling of bubbles when hydrogen is generated through a decomposition reaction with the decomposition agent (Gb).
만약 다공성격벽(300)이 구비되지 않은 경우, 반응탱크(100)가 기울어지거나 상·하 방향이 반전되면 분사노즐(230)은 반응탱크(100)에 고정되게 설치되어 유동되지 못하는데 비해, 고체 수소화물(Hs)은 반응탱크(100) 내에서 위치가 달라지며 분사노즐(230)과 가까워지거나 멀어지게 됨에 따라, 비록 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)가 액체 상태의 분해제(Lb)에 비해 비교적 빠르게 확산되는 것이라 할지라도, 분해 반응이 일정한 속도로 이루어지지는 못해 수소의 생성 속도 역시 일정하게 유지하기 어려운 문제가 발생하게 된다.If the porous partition 300 is not provided, when the reaction tank 100 is inclined or the up and down direction is reversed, the injection nozzle 230 is fixed to the reaction tank 100 and cannot be flowed. As the digest (Hs) varies in position in the reaction tank 100 and approaches or moves away from the injection nozzle 230, although the decomposition agent (Gb) in the vapor state is relatively higher than the decomposition agent (Lb) in the liquid state. Even if it diffuses quickly, the decomposition reaction does not occur at a constant rate, so that the problem of generating hydrogen remains difficult.
여기서 다공성격벽(300)은 도 3에 도시한 바와 같이 반응탱크(100)의 크기나 반응탱크(100) 내에 수용되는 고체 수소화물(Hs)의 양에 따라, 반응탱크(100)에 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 수용되는 공간을 복수개로 구획하도록 설치될 수 있는 것으로, 이와 같이 다공성격벽(300)에 의해 반응탱크(100)에 고체 수소화물(Hs)의 수용공간이 복수개로 구획된 경우에는 그 복수개의 수용공간 각각에 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)가 분사되는 분사노즐(230)을 설치하여 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 분해제(Gb)의 분해 반응이 더욱 신속하고 원활하게 이루어지도록 하는 것이 바람직하다.Here, the porous partition 300 is solid hydride in the reaction tank 100 according to the size of the reaction tank 100 or the amount of solid hydride (Hs) accommodated in the reaction tank 100 as shown in FIG. It may be installed so as to partition a plurality of spaces (Hs) is accommodated, as described above, when a plurality of receiving spaces of solid hydride (Hs) in the reaction tank 100 by the porous partition 300 is divided into It is to install a spray nozzle 230 in which a vapor decomposition agent (Gb) is injected in each of the plurality of receiving spaces so that the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride (Hs) and the decomposition agent (Gb) can be made more quickly and smoothly. desirable.
상기와 같은 구성으로 이루어진 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치에 대한 작용효과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Looking at the effect of the hydrogen generating and supplying device using a steam cracker in the solid fuel composed of the above configuration as follows.
반응탱크(100)에 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 수용된 상태에서 펌프(P)를 구동시키면 분해제저장탱크(210)에 저장된 액체 상태의 분해제(Lb)가 분해제이송관(220)을 통해 반응탱크(100)에 내부를 향해 이송되며, 분해제이송관(220)을 통해 이송되는 액체 상태의 분해제(Lb)는 가열수단(250)이 설치된 부분에서 설정된 온도로 가열되며 기화되어 반응탱크(100)의 내부에 설치된 분사노즐(230)을 통해 증기 상태로 분사된다.When the pump P is driven while the solid hydride (Hs) is accommodated in the reaction tank (100), the liquid disintegrator (Lb) stored in the disintegrant storage tank (210) reacts through the disintegrant transfer pipe (220). The disintegrating agent (Lb) in the liquid state, which is conveyed inwardly in the tank (100) and is transferred through the disintegrating agent conveying pipe (220), is heated to a temperature set at the portion where the heating means (250) is installed and vaporized to react with the reaction tank (100). It is sprayed in the vapor state through the injection nozzle 230 is installed inside.
이와 같이 증기 상태로 분사되는 분해제(Gb)는 액체 상태로 분사되는 분해제(Lb)에 비해 빠르게 확산되어 반응탱크(100) 내의 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 신속하게 분해 반응이 일어나 수소가 생성되며, 분해 반응이 일어나는 동안 형성된 부산물(Bp) 층을 신속히 통과함에 따라 부산물(Bp)을 용해시키지 않더라도 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 반응하여 원활하게 수소가 생성되도록 할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the disintegrator Gb injected in the vapor state diffuses faster than the disintegrator Lb injected in the liquid state and rapidly decomposes with the solid hydride Hs in the reaction tank 100 to generate hydrogen. As the by-product (Bp) layer is rapidly passed during the decomposition reaction, it is possible to smoothly generate hydrogen by reacting with the solid hydride (Hs) without dissolving the by-product (Bp).
또한 반응탱크(100) 내에 설치된 다공성격벽(300)을 통해 고체 수소화물(Hs)의 이동을 제한하여 항상 정해진 공간에서 분해 반응이 일어나도록 함으로써, 반응탱크(100)가 기울어지거나 상·하 방향이 반전되더라도 분사노즐(230)을 통해 분해제(Gb)가 분사되었을 때 고체 수소화물(Hs)과의 분해 반응을 통한 수소의 생성 속도를 일정하게 유지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, by restricting the movement of the solid hydride (Hs) through the porous partition 300 installed in the reaction tank 100 so that the decomposition reaction always occurs in a predetermined space, the reaction tank 100 is tilted or the up and down directions Even if reversed, when the decomposition agent (Gb) is injected through the injection nozzle 230, there is an effect of maintaining a constant production rate of hydrogen through the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs).
이때 상기의 가열수단(250)은 도 4와 같이 분해제이송관(220)의 끝단부 외주면을 감싸도록 설치되어 전기에너지를 공급받아 가열되도록 형성된 히팅코일(251)과, 히팅코일(251)의 외주면을 감싸도록 설치된 단열재(252)로 이루어진 것이 바람직하다.At this time, the heating means 250 is installed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the disintegrating agent transport pipe 220 as shown in Figure 4 and the heating coil 251 formed to be heated by receiving electrical energy, the outer peripheral surface of the heating coil 251 It is preferably made of a heat insulating material 252 installed to surround.
이처럼 분해제저장탱크(210)에서 액상 상태로 공급된 분해제(Lb)가 분해제이송관(220)을 지나는 동안 가열된 히팅코일(251)에 의해 기화되어 분사노즐(230)에서는 증기 상태로 분사되도록 함으로써 고체 수소화물(Hs)과의 분해 반응이 신속하고 원활하게 이루어지도록 할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the disintegrator Lb supplied in the liquid state from the disintegrator storage tank 210 is vaporized by the heating coil 251 heated while passing through the disintegrator conveying pipe 220 and sprayed in a vapor state in the injection nozzle 230. By doing so, there is an effect that the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs) can be made quickly and smoothly.
더불어 히팅코일(251)의 외주면에 설치된 단열재(252)를 통해 히팅코일(251)이 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 직접 접촉되는 것을 차단함과 동시에 히팅코일(251)에서 발생된 열이 손실되는 것을 억제함으로써, 고체 수소화물(Hs)과의 분해 반응이 보다 안정적으로 이루어지도록 함은 물론 히팅코일(251)을 가열하기 위한 에너지 손실을 최소화할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, the heating coil 251 is prevented from directly contacting the solid hydride (Hs) through the heat insulating material 252 installed on the outer circumferential surface of the heating coil 251 and the heat generated from the heating coil 251 is lost. By suppressing, the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs) is made more stable, as well as the effect of minimizing energy loss for heating the heating coil 251.
여기서, 분사노즐(230)은 반응탱크(100) 내에 수용된 고체 수소화물(Hs) 내에 매립되게 설치된 것이 바람직한데, 이는 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)가 분사노즐(230)을 통해 분사됨과 동시에 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 신속하게 분해 반응이 일어나도록 함으로써 반응 효율을 극대화 시킬 수 있고, 부산물(Bp)에 의한 분해 반응이 지연되는 것을 방지하여 수소의 생성이 원활하게 이루어지도록 할 수 있는 효과가 있기 때문이다.Here, the injection nozzle 230 is preferably installed to be embedded in the solid hydride (Hs) accommodated in the reaction tank 100, which is a solid at the same time as the disintegrator (Gb) in the vapor state is injected through the injection nozzle 230 By causing the decomposition reaction to occur quickly with the hydride (Hs) it is possible to maximize the reaction efficiency, and to prevent the decomposition reaction by the by-product (Bp) is delayed has the effect that the production of hydrogen can be made smoothly. Because.
한편, 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치는 고체연료저장탱크(400), 고체연료이송부(500), 마개부(120), 부산물배출부(130), 수소버퍼탱크(600), 개폐밸브(800), 제어수단(900)을 더 포함하여 구성될 수 있는 것이다.Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention includes a solid fuel storage tank 400, a solid fuel transfer part 500, a stopper part 120, and a by-product discharge. The unit 130, the hydrogen buffer tank 600, the opening and closing valve 800, the control means 900 may be configured to further include.
상기의 고체연료저장탱크(400)는 반응 탱크의 일측에 설치되어 고체 상태의 수소화물(Hs)이 저장되도록 형성된 것이고, 고체연료이송부(500)는 고체연료저장탱크(400)의 하부와 반응탱크(100)의 일측면에 형성된 고체연료공급부(110)가 서로 연통되게 설치되어 고체연료저장탱크(400)에 저장된 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 반응탱크(100)에 공급되도록 이송시키는 것이다.The solid fuel storage tank 400 is installed on one side of the reaction tank is formed to store the hydride (Hs) of the solid state, the solid fuel transfer unit 500 and the lower portion of the solid fuel storage tank 400 and the reaction tank Solid fuel supply unit 110 formed on one side of the (100) is installed in communication with each other to transport the solid hydride (Hs) stored in the solid fuel storage tank 400 is supplied to the reaction tank (100).
이러한 고체연료저장탱크(400)와 고체연료이송부(500)를 설치함으로써, 반응탱크(100) 내에 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 다량 저장해둔 상태로 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)를 분사해 수소를 생성하는 것이 아니라, 연료전지(F)에 필요한 수소를 공급할 수 있을 정도의 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 반응탱크(100)에 공급하여 수소가 생성되도록 할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 반응탱크(100)의 크기가 고체 수소화물(Hs)의 저장량에 따라 커지는 것을 방지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 반응탱크(100)의 제작단가를 낮출 수 있는 이점이 있다.By installing the solid fuel storage tank 400 and the solid fuel transfer part 500, hydrogen is discharged by injecting a decomposition agent (Gb) in the vapor state while storing a large amount of solid hydride (Hs) in the reaction tank 100. Rather than generating, supplying a solid hydride (Hs) to the reaction tank 100 to supply the required hydrogen to the fuel cell (F) to the hydrogen can be generated, through this of the reaction tank (100) Not only can the size be prevented from increasing according to the storage amount of the solid hydride (Hs), there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost of the reaction tank 100 can be lowered.
상기의 마개부(120)는 고체연료저장탱크(400)에 저장된 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 고체연료이송부(500)에 의해 반응탱크(100)에 공급되고 나면 고체연료공급부(110)를 긴밀하게 폐쇄시켜, 분사노즐(230)을 통해 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)가 분사되었을 때 반응탱크(100) 내에서 생성된 수소가 고체연료저장탱크(400) 측으로 누설되는 것을 방지하도록 형성된 것이다.The stopper 120 is a solid hydride (Hs) stored in the solid fuel storage tank 400 is supplied to the reaction tank 100 by the solid fuel transfer unit 500 in close contact with the solid fuel supply unit 110 By closing, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is prevented from leaking to the solid fuel storage tank 400 when the decomposition agent Gb in the vapor state is injected through the injection nozzle 230.
상기의 부산물배출부(130)는 반응탱크(100)의 하부에 개폐 가능하게 설치되어 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 분해제(Gb)의 분해 반응에 의해 반응탱크(100)의 내부에 생성된 부산물(Bp)을 반응탱크(100)의 외부로 배출하도록 형성된 것이다.The by-product discharge unit 130 is installed in the lower portion of the reaction tank 100 so as to be opened and closed, by-products generated inside the reaction tank 100 by the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride (Hs) and the decomposition agent (Gb). (Bp) is formed to discharge to the outside of the reaction tank (100).
고체 수소화물(Hs)에 액체 상태의 분해제(Lb)를 분사할 경우에는 겔 형태의 부산물(Bp)이 생성되지만 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)를 분사할 경우에는 대부분의 부산물(Bp)이 고체 상태로 반응탱크(100) 내부에 남게되기 때문에, 이러한 부산물배출부(130)는 반응탱크(100)의 하부면 전체에 걸쳐 형성시켜 부산물배출부(130)를 개방시켰을 때 고체 상태의 부산물(Bp)이 신속하고 용이하게 배출되도록 형성된 것이 바람직하다.Injecting a liquid disintegrant (Lb) into the solid hydride (Hs) produces gel by-products (Bp). However, when injecting a disintegrator (Gb) in the vapor state, most of the by-products (Bp) Since the reaction product 100 remains in the solid state, the by-product discharge unit 130 is formed over the entire lower surface of the reaction tank 100 to open the by-product discharge unit 130 when the by-product of the solid state ( It is preferable that Bp) is formed to be discharged quickly and easily.
상기의 수소버퍼탱크(600)는 반응탱크(100)에서 생성된 수소의 일부를 수소이송관(700)으로 공급받아 저장하였다가 그 저장된 수소를 연료전지(F)에 공급하도록 형성된 것으로, 반응탱크(100) 내에 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 공급될 때, 반응탱크(100) 내에 수소가 생성될 때, 반응탱크(100) 내에 생성된 부산물(Bp)을 외부로 배출시킬 때와 같이, 반응탱크(100) 내에서 연료전지(F)에 수소를 공급하지 못하는 동안에도 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 저장해둔 수소를 연료전지(F)에 공급함으로써 연료전지(F)에 지속적으로 수소가 공급될 수 있도록 형성된 것이다.The hydrogen buffer tank 600 is formed to receive and store a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 to the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 and to supply the stored hydrogen to the fuel cell (F), the reaction tank ( When the solid hydride (Hs) is supplied in the 100, when hydrogen is generated in the reaction tank 100, the reaction tank (such as when to discharge the by-product (Bp) generated in the reaction tank 100 to the outside) While hydrogen is not supplied to the fuel cell F in the fuel cell 100, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F so that the hydrogen can be continuously supplied to the fuel cell F. Formed.
상기의 개폐밸브(800)는 반응탱크(100)와 수소버퍼탱크(600) 및 연료전지(F)가 서로 연결되도록 설치된 수소이송관(700)에 개폐 가능하게 구비되어 수소가 공급되거나 공급되지 못하도록 하는 것이다.The opening and closing valve 800 is provided to be opened and closed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 is installed so that the reaction tank 100, the hydrogen buffer tank 600 and the fuel cell (F) is connected to each other to prevent the hydrogen supplied or supplied. will be.
이러한 개폐밸브(800)는 후술할 제어수단(900)에 의해 개폐 동작이 제어되도록 형성된 것이 바람직하며, 이를 위해 개폐밸브(800)에는 반응탱크(100) 및 수소버퍼탱크(600)의 내부압력을 감지하고 그 감지된 정보를 제어수단(900)에 전달하는 센서부(S)를 구비하여, 제어수단(900)에 의한 개폐밸브(800)의 작동이 정확하게 제어되도록 하는 것이 바람직하다.The on-off valve 800 is preferably formed so that the opening and closing operation is controlled by the control means 900 to be described later, for this purpose, the on-off valve 800 to the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600 It is preferable that the sensor unit S detects and transmits the detected information to the control unit 900 so that the operation of the on / off valve 800 by the control unit 900 is accurately controlled.
이하에서는 상기의 개폐밸브(800)에 대하여 설명의 편의와 이해를 돕기 위해, 반응탱크(100)와 연료전지(F)를 연결하는 수소이송관(700)에 설치된 것을 반응수소개폐밸브(810)로, 반응탱크(100)와 수소버퍼탱크(600)를 연결하는 수소이송관(700)에 설치된 것을 저장수소개폐밸브(820)로, 수소버퍼탱크(600)와 연료전지(F)를 연결하는 수소이송관(700)에 설치된 것을 버퍼수소개폐밸브(830)로 구분하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, in order to facilitate the convenience and understanding of the open / close valve 800, the reaction tank 100 is installed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 connecting the fuel cell F to the reaction water introduction closed valve 810. In addition, the storage tank is installed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 connecting the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600 to the storage water introduction valve 820, the hydrogen transfer pipe connecting the hydrogen buffer tank 600 and the fuel cell (F). What is installed in the 700 will be described by dividing the buffer water introduction closed valve 830.
상기의 제어수단(900)은 도 5에 도시한 바와 같이 고체연료이송부(500), 부산물배출부(130), 분해제분사부(200), 개폐밸브(800)의 작동을 제어하여 연료전지(F)가 동작하는데 필요로 하는 수소를 반응탱크(100) 및 수소버퍼탱크(600)에서 지속적으로 공급할 수 있도록 형성된 것일 뿐만 아니라, 상기의 가열수단(250)에 의해 가열되는 온도를 제어하도록 형성된 것이다.As shown in FIG. 5, the control means 900 controls the operation of the solid fuel transfer unit 500, the by-product discharge unit 130, the disintegrant injection unit 200, and the opening / closing valve 800 to control the fuel cell (F). In addition to being formed to continuously supply the hydrogen required for the operation in the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600, it is formed to control the temperature heated by the heating means 250.
이때 반응탱크(100)와 수소버퍼탱크(600)를 연결하는 수소이송관(700)에 설치된 저장수소개폐밸브(820)는 제어수단(900)에 의해 제어될 수 있는 것이지만, 이와는 달리 제어수단(900)의 개입 없이 압력의 정도에 따라 개방 또는 폐쇄되도록 형성된 체크밸브가 구비될 수 있는 것이다.At this time, the storage water introduction closed valve 820 installed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 connecting the reaction tank 100 and the hydrogen buffer tank 600 can be controlled by the control means 900, unlike the control means 900 It may be provided with a check valve formed to open or close according to the degree of pressure without the intervention.
이는 저장수소개폐밸브(820)를 체크밸브로 구비하더라도 제어수단(900)에 의해 개폐 동작이 제어되는 것과 같이, 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력이 설정된 압력을 초과하였을 때에는 자동으로 개방되어 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력이 과도하게 증가하는 것을 방지함과 동시에 반응탱크(100) 내의 수소가 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 공급되어 저장되도록 하며, 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력이 설정된 압력 이하일 때에는 자동으로 폐쇄되어 수소버퍼탱크(600)의 내부에 저장된 수소가 연료전지(F)에 공급될 수 있을 정도의 압력 상태를 유지할 수 있기 때문이다.It is automatically opened when the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 exceeds the set pressure, such that the opening and closing operation is controlled by the control means 900 even if the storage water introduction closed valve 820 as a check valve. The internal pressure of the 100 is prevented from being excessively increased, and the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to and stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600. When the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 is equal to or less than the set pressure, This is because the hydrogen is automatically closed to maintain a pressure state such that hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 can be supplied to the fuel cell (F).
상기와 같이 고체연료저장탱크(400), 고체연료이송부(500), 마개부(120), 부산물배출부(130), 수소버퍼탱크(600), 개폐밸브(800) 및 제어수단(900)을 더 포함하여 구성된 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치의 작용효과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다.As described above, the solid fuel storage tank 400, the solid fuel transfer unit 500, the stopper 120, the by-product discharge unit 130, the hydrogen buffer tank 600, the opening / closing valve 800 and the control means 900. Looking at the effects of the hydrogen generation and the supply device using a steam decomposition agent to the solid fuel comprising a more as follows.
고체연료저장탱크(400) 내에 저장된 고체 상태의 수소화물(Hs)은 제어수단(900)에 의해 작동되는 고체연료이송부(500)에 의해 반응탱크(100) 측으로 이송되어 연료전지(F)에 공급하기 위한 수소의 양에 따라 적정량이 고체연료공급부(110)를 통해 반응탱크(100) 내에 공급되며, 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력은 대기압 상태이므로 고체연료저장탱크(400) 내의 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 고체연료이송부(500)를 통해 공급될 수 있는 것이다.The hydride (Hs) in the solid state stored in the solid fuel storage tank 400 is transferred to the reaction tank 100 by the solid fuel transfer unit 500 operated by the control means 900 and supplied to the fuel cell F. A proper amount is supplied into the reaction tank 100 through the solid fuel supply unit 110 according to the amount of hydrogen to be, and since the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 is at atmospheric pressure, solid hydride in the solid fuel storage tank 400 ( Hs) may be supplied through the solid fuel transfer part 500.
이때, 반응탱크(100) 내에 설정된 양의 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 공급되고 난 이후 고체연료공급부(110)는 마개부(120)에 의해 긴밀하게 밀폐된 상태가 되며, 수소이송관(700)에 설치된 반응수소개폐밸브(810)와 저장수소개폐밸브(820) 및 버퍼수소개폐밸브(830)는 제어수단(900)에 의해 모두 폐쇄되도록 제어된 상태이다.At this time, after the amount of the solid hydride (Hs) is set in the reaction tank 100 is supplied, the solid fuel supply unit 110 is in a tightly sealed state by the stopper 120, the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 The installed reaction water introducing waste valve 810, the storage water introducing waste valve 820, and the buffer water introducing waste valve 830 are all controlled by the control means 900.
반응탱크(100) 내에 설정된 양의 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 공급된 이후 제어수단(900)에 의해 펌프(P)가 작동되면, 분해제저장탱크(210)에 저장된 액체 상태의 분해제(Lb)는 분해제이송관(220)에 공급되기 시작하고, 분해제이송관(220)에 설치된 가열수단(250)을 지나는 동안에는 액체 상태의 분해제(Lb)가 기화되어 분사노즐(230)을 통해 분사될 때에는 증기 상태로 반응탱크(100) 내에 분사된다.When the pump P is operated by the control means 900 after the set amount of the solid hydride (Hs) is supplied in the reaction tank 100, the liquid decomposing agent (Lb) stored in the decomposer storage tank 210 ) Is supplied to the disintegrator feed pipe 220, and while passing through the heating means 250 installed in the disintegrator feed pipe 220, the liquid disintegrator Lb is vaporized and sprayed through the injection nozzle 230. At this time, it is injected into the reaction tank 100 in a vapor state.
이와 같이 증기 상태로 분사된 분해제(Gb)는 반응탱크(100) 내에서 신속히 확산되어 고체연료저장탱크(400)로부터 공급된 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 분해 반응이 일어나게 되며, 이를 통해 수소가 생성된다.As described above, the disintegrating agent (Gb) injected in the vapor state is rapidly diffused in the reaction tank (100) to cause decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs) supplied from the solid fuel storage tank (400). Is generated.
이후 반응탱크(100) 내에서 수소가 생성되면서 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력은 증가하게 되는데, 이러한 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력이 설정된 압력 이상으로 증가하게 되면 저장수소개폐밸브(820)는 도 6과 같이 제어수단(900)에 의해 개방되고, 저장수소개폐밸브(820)가 개방되면 반응탱크(100) 내에서 생성된 수소는 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력에 의해 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 공급된다.Thereafter, as hydrogen is generated in the reaction tank 100, the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 increases. When the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 increases above a set pressure, the storage water introduction closed valve 820 is When opened by the control means 900, as shown in Figure 6, when the storage water introduction closed valve 820 is opened, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is the hydrogen buffer tank 600 by the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 Is supplied.
이때, 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력이 수소버퍼탱크(600)의 내부압력과 동일한 상태가 되거나 혹은 반응탱크(100)의 내부압력이 설정된 압력 이하인 상태가 되면, 제어수단(900)은 저장수소개폐밸브(820)를 폐쇄시키게 되는데, 이와 같이 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 수소가 저장된 상태에서의 내부압력은 버퍼수소개폐밸브(830)를 개방하였을 때 연료전지(F)에 수소를 공급할 수 있을 정도의 압력 상태가 되며, 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 공급된 수소는 반응탱크(100) 내의 수소가 연료전지(F)에 모두 공급되기 전까지 저장된 상태를 유지하게 된다.At this time, when the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 is equal to the internal pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank 600 or when the internal pressure of the reaction tank 100 is less than the set pressure, the control means 900 is stored hydrogen When the on-off valve 820 is closed, the internal pressure in the state in which hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 may supply hydrogen to the fuel cell F when the buffer water introduction closed valve 830 is opened. It becomes a pressure state of the degree, the hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is maintained in a stored state until all the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to the fuel cell (F).
수소버퍼탱크(600)에 설정된 양의 수소가 저장되어 저장수소개폐밸브(820)가 폐쇄된 이후에는 반응수소개폐밸브(810)가 도 7과 같이 제어수단(900)에 의해 개방되고, 반응수소개폐밸브(810)가 개방되면 반응탱크(100) 내의 수소가 내부압력에 의해 연료전에 공급된다.After the amount of hydrogen set in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is stored and the storage water introduction closed valve 820 is closed, the reaction water introduction closed valve 810 is opened by the control means 900 as shown in FIG. When the on-off valve 810 is opened, hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to the fuel field by the internal pressure.
반응탱크(100) 내의 수소가 연료전지(F)에 모두 공급되고 난 이후에는 도 8과 같이 반응수소개폐밸브(810)가 폐쇄되고 버퍼수소개폐밸브(830)가 개방되는데, 버퍼수소개폐밸브(830)가 개방되면 수소버퍼탱크(600) 내에 저장된 수소가 수소버퍼탱크(600)의 내부압력에 의해 연료전지(F)에 공급된다.After all of the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to the fuel cell F, the reaction water introducing and closing valve 810 is closed and the buffer water introducing and closing valve 830 is opened as shown in FIG. 8. When 830 is opened, hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F by the internal pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank 600.
수소버퍼탱크(600)의 수소가 연료전지(F)에 공급되는 동안, 부산물배출부(130)는 제어수단(900)에 의해 개방되어 반응탱크(100)에 남아있는 부산물(Bp)이 외부로 배출되고, 부산물(Bp)의 배출이 완료되면 부산물배출부(130)는 폐쇄된 상태가 되며, 부산물(Bp)이 배출된 반응탱크(100)에는 고체연료저장탱크(400)로부터 설정된 양의 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 고체연료이송부(500)를 통해 공급된다.While hydrogen of the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F, the by-product discharge unit 130 is opened by the control means 900 so that the by-product Bp remaining in the reaction tank 100 is moved to the outside. When the discharge of the by-product (Bp) is completed, the by-product discharge unit 130 is in a closed state, the amount of solids set from the solid fuel storage tank 400 in the reaction tank 100 in which the by-product (Bp) is discharged Hydride (Hs) is supplied through the solid fuel transfer unit (500).
이때 반응탱크(100)에는 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 저장해둔 수소가 연료전지(F)에 모두 공급되기 전에 증기 상태의 분해제(Gb)가 분사되어 수소를 생성하게 되며, 이와 같이 생성된 수소가 설정된 압력을 초과하게 되면 저장수소개폐밸브(820)가 개방되어 반응탱크(100)에서 생성된 수소의 일부가 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 저장되고, 반응탱크(100)에서 생성된 수소가 설정된 압력으로 상승하여 연료전지(F)에 공급할 수 있는 준비 상태가 되면 버퍼수소개폐밸브(830)는 폐쇄되고 반응수소개폐밸브(810)는 개방되어 반응탱크(100) 내의 수소가 연료전지(F)에 공급된다.At this time, before the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is all supplied to the fuel cell F, the decomposition tank Gb is injected into the reaction tank 100 to generate hydrogen. When exceeds the set pressure, the storage water introduction valve 820 is opened, a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600, the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is set When the pressure rises to a ready state to supply the fuel cell F, the buffer water introducing and closing valve 830 is closed and the reaction water introducing and closing valve 810 is opened so that the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is discharged to the fuel cell F. Supplied to.
이처럼 반응탱크(100) 내에서 생성된 수소의 일부를 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 저장해두었다가, 반응탱크(100) 내의 수소를 연료전지(F)에 모두 공급하였을 때에는 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 저장해둔 수소를 연료전지(F)에 공급하고, 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 저장해둔 수소가 연료전지(F)에 공급되는 동안에는 반응탱크(100) 내의 부산물(Bp)을 제거하고 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 새로 공급받아 증기 상태로 분사된 분해제(Gb)와 분해 반응하여 생성된 수소를 공급할 수 있도록 함으로써, 연료전지(F)에 필요한 수소를 안정적이면서도 지속적으로 공급할 수 있는 효과가 있는 것이다.Thus, a part of hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 is stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600, and when all the hydrogen in the reaction tank 100 is supplied to the fuel cell F, the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is stored. While the stored hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell F and the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen buffer tank 600 is supplied to the fuel cell F, the by-product Bp in the reaction tank 100 is removed and the solid hydride Hs is removed. ) By receiving a new supply so that it can supply hydrogen generated by decomposition reaction with the decomposition agent (Gb) injected in the vapor state, there is an effect that can provide a stable and continuous supply of hydrogen required for the fuel cell (F).
게다가 반응탱크(100) 내에서 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 분해제(Gb)가 반응할 때에는 부산물(Bp)이 모두 제거된 상태이므로, 부산물(Bp)에 의한 분해 반응이 지연되는 것을 방지할 수 있고, 이를 통해 수소의 생성이 안정적으로 이루어질 수 있는 효과가 있다.Furthermore, when the solid hydride (Hs) and the decomposition agent (Gb) react in the reaction tank 100, since all byproducts (Bp) are removed, it is possible to prevent the decomposition reaction by the byproducts (Bp) is delayed. And, through this there is an effect that the production of hydrogen can be made stable.
이에 더해 고체 상태의 수소화물(Hs)을 분해시켜 수소를 성생시키는 구조를 가지므로 수소화물(Hs)을 액체 상태로 변화시킬 필요가 없고, 별도의 염기성 안정제와 촉매를 사용하지 않아도 되는 장점이 있으며, 안정된 압력 및 온도로 수소를 공급하여 연료전지(F)의 출력 저하, 멤브레인 건조화 현상 및 열 손상을 방지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, since it has a structure that generates hydrogen by decomposing solid hydride (Hs), there is no need to change the hydride (Hs) to a liquid state, and there is no need to use a separate basic stabilizer and a catalyst. By supplying hydrogen at a stable pressure and temperature, the output of the fuel cell F, the membrane drying phenomenon and the thermal damage can be prevented.
이때 도 9에 도시한 바와 같이 상기의 고체연료이송부(500)는 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 이송되도록 관 형상으로 이루어진 고체연료이송관(510)과, 고체연료이송관(510)의 내부에 길이방향으로 설치되어 고체연료저장탱크(400)의 일측에 설치된 모터(M)로부터 동력을 전달받아 회전하는 회전축(520)과, 회전축(520)의 외주면에 나선형상으로 결합되어 회전축(520)과 함께 회전하며 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 반응탱크(100) 측으로 이송시키는 회전날개(530)를 포함하여 이루어진 것이 바람직하다.In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the solid fuel transfer part 500 has a solid fuel transfer pipe 510 having a tubular shape such that the solid hydride (Hs) is transferred, and a length of the solid fuel transfer pipe 510 in the longitudinal direction. Rotating shaft 520 is rotated by receiving power from the motor (M) installed on one side of the solid fuel storage tank 400, and is coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 520 in a spiral shape and rotates with the rotating shaft 520 It is preferable that the rotary hydride (Hs) comprises a rotary blade 530 for transferring to the reaction tank 100 side.
이와 같이 나선 형상의 회전날개(530)가 회전축(520)에 의해 회전하면서 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 이송되는 구조를 통해, 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 반응탱크(100) 내에 원활하게 공급할 수 있음은 물론이고, 설정된 양의 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 반응탱크(100)에 정확하게 공급되도록 제어할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, through the structure in which the solid hydride (Hs) is transferred while the spiral rotating blade 530 rotates by the rotating shaft 520, the solid hydride (Hs) can be smoothly supplied into the reaction tank 100. Of course, there is an effect that can be controlled to supply the set amount of the solid hydride (Hs) accurately to the reaction tank (100).
여기서 회전축(520) 및 회전날개(530)는 고체연료저장탱크(400)의 바닥면 측으로 설치하되, 고체연료이송관(510)의 길이와 고체연료저장탱크(400)의 너비를 합한 길이로 형성된 것이 바람직한데, 이는 고체연료저장탱크(400)의 하부에 채워진 고체 수소화물(Hs)부터 반응탱크(100)에 공급되도록 함으로써 고체연료저장탱크(400)에 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 수시로 채워야 하는 번거로움을 해소할 수 있고, 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 고체연료저장탱크(400)의 하부에 퇴적되지 않고 반응탱크(100) 측으로 원활하게 공급되도록 할 수 있기 때문이며, 이를 위해 고체연료저장탱크(400)는 상광하협의 형상으로 형성될 수 있다.Here, the rotary shaft 520 and the rotary blade 530 are installed to the bottom surface side of the solid fuel storage tank 400, the length of the solid fuel transfer pipe 510 and the width of the solid fuel storage tank 400 is formed to the sum of the length Preferably, this is because the solid hydride (Hs) filled in the lower portion of the solid fuel storage tank 400 is supplied to the reaction tank 100 by the time required to fill the solid hydride (Hs) in the solid fuel storage tank 400 from time to time This is because it is possible to eliminate the rhodium, and the solid hydride (Hs) can be smoothly supplied to the reaction tank 100 without being deposited on the lower portion of the solid fuel storage tank 400. For this, the solid fuel storage tank 400 ) May be formed in the shape of a light beam narrowing.
아울러 상기의 마개부(120)는 고체연료공급부(110)의 상측에 힌지축(121)으로 회동되게 설치된 밀폐부재(122)가 비틀림스프링(123)에 의해 고체연료공급부(110)를 폐쇄하는 방향으로 탄성력이 작용하도록 설치된 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the stopper 120 is a direction in which the sealing member 122 installed to be rotated by the hinge shaft 121 on the upper side of the solid fuel supply unit 110 to close the solid fuel supply unit 110 by the torsion spring 123. It is preferable that the elastic force is installed to act.
이와 같이 비틀림스프링(123)에 의해 탄성 지지되는 밀폐부재(122)에 의해 고체 수소연료가 공급되지 않을 때에는 항상 고체연료공급부(110)를 긴밀하게 폐쇄시킨 상태를 유지하다가, 고체 수소연료가 고체연료공급부(110)를 통해 반응탱크(100)에 공급되는 동안에만 고체 수소연료가 공급되는 힘에 의해 밀려 일부 개방된 상태가 되고, 고체 수소연료의 공급이 완료된 이후에는 비틀림스프링(123)의 탄성력에 의해 다시 고체연료공급부(110)를 긴밀하게 폐쇄시킬 수 있으므로, 제어수단(900)을 통해 별도로 제어하지 않더라도 고체연료공급부(110)의 개폐가 원활하고 정확하게 이루어질 수 있는 이점이 있다.As such, when solid hydrogen fuel is not supplied by the sealing member 122 elastically supported by the torsion spring 123, the solid fuel supply unit 110 is kept in a closed state at all times, and the solid hydrogen fuel is solid fuel. The solid hydrogen fuel is pushed by the force supplied by the solid hydrogen fuel only while it is supplied to the reaction tank 100 through the supply unit 110, and is partially opened, and after the supply of the solid hydrogen fuel is completed, the elastic force of the torsion spring 123 is applied. Since the solid fuel supply unit 110 can be closely closed again, there is an advantage that the solid fuel supply unit 110 can be opened and closed smoothly and accurately even without separately controlling through the control unit 900.
여기서 마개부(120)는 고체연료공급부(110)가 보다 긴밀하게 밀폐되도록 하기 위해 고체연료공급부(110)를 향하는 밀폐부재(122)의 일면에 실링부재(W)가 더 설치된 것일 수 있으며, 힌지축(121) 및 비틀림스프링(123)은 내산성 및 내열성을 갖도록 별도의 코팅처리가 된 금속재로 구비될 수 있다.Here, the stopper 120 may be a sealing member (W) is further installed on one surface of the sealing member 122 facing the solid fuel supply unit 110 in order to close the solid fuel supply 110 more tightly, the hinge The shaft 121 and the torsion spring 123 may be provided with a metal material having a separate coating treatment to have acid resistance and heat resistance.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치는 액체 상태로 공급된 분해제(Lb)를 반응탱크(100) 내에서 분사되기에 앞서 기화시켜 분사노즐(230)을 통해 분사될 때에는 증기 상태로 분사되도록 이루어진 것으로써, 증기 상태로 분사된 분해제(Gb)는 반응탱크(100) 내에서 신속히 확산되어 고체 수소화물(Hs)과의 분해 반응을 통한 수소의 생성이 원활하게 이루어지도록 할 수 있는 효과가 있고, 이에 더해 반응탱크(100)에서 생성된 수소의 일부를 수소버퍼탱크(600)에 저장해두었다가 반응탱크(100)에서 수소가 생성되지 못하는 동안 연료전지(F)에 공급되도록 함으로써 연료전지(F)에서 필요로 하는 양의 수소를 안정적이면서도 지속적으로 공급할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the hydrogen generating and supplying apparatus using the steam decomposer in the solid fuel according to the present invention vaporizes the decomposing agent (Lb) supplied in the liquid state before being injected into the reaction tank (100). When it is injected through the) is to be injected in a vapor state, the decomposition agent (Gb) injected in the vapor state is rapidly diffused in the reaction tank 100 of the hydrogen through the decomposition reaction with the solid hydride (Hs) In addition, there is an effect that the generation can be made smoothly, and in addition to storing a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 in the hydrogen buffer tank 600, while the hydrogen is not produced in the reaction tank 100 fuel cell By supplying to (F), there is an effect that it is possible to stably and continuously supply the amount of hydrogen required by the fuel cell (F).

Claims (6)

  1. 고체 상태의 수소화물(Hs)을 분해제로 분해시켜 생성된 수소를 연료전지(F)에 공급하는 수소발생 및 공급장치에 있어서,In the hydrogen generation and supply apparatus for supplying hydrogen generated by decomposition of a solid hydride (Hs) with a decomposition agent to the fuel cell (F),
    설정된 양의 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 수용되어 그 고체 수소화물(Hs)에 분사된 분해제와 분해 반응하여 생성된 수소를 연료전지(F)에 공급하도록 형성된 반응탱크(100);A reaction tank (100) configured to receive a predetermined amount of solid hydride (Hs) and supply hydrogen generated by decomposition reaction with a decomposition agent injected into the solid hydride (Hs) to the fuel cell (F);
    상기 반응탱크(100)의 일측에 설치되고, 분해제저장탱크(210)에 액상 상태로 저장된 분해제가 분해제이송관(220)을 통해 상기 반응탱크(100)의 내부로 이송되는 동안 가열수단(250)에 의해 기화되어 상기 분해제이송관(220)의 끝단에 설치된 분사노즐(230)을 통해 증기 상태로 분사되도록 형성된 분해제분사부(200);The heating means 250 is installed on one side of the reaction tank 100 and is stored in the disinfectant storage tank 210 in the liquid state while being transferred into the reaction tank 100 through the disintegrant transport pipe 220. Decomposition agent injection unit 200 is evaporated by a) formed to be sprayed in a vapor state through the injection nozzle 230 installed at the end of the disintegrator transport pipe 220;
    상기 반응탱크(100) 내부가 상·하로 구획되도록 설정된 높이로 설치되어 상기 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 분해제의 분해 반응을 통해 생성된 수소는 이동되도록 하면서도 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 부산물(Bp)은 이동하지 못하도록 형성된 다공성격벽(300);을 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치.The inside of the reaction tank 100 is installed at a height set so as to be partitioned up and down, while the hydrogen generated through the decomposition reaction of the solid hydride (Hs) and the decomposition agent is moved while the solid hydride (Hs) and by-products (Bp). ) Is a hydrogen generating and supplying device using a steam cracker in a solid fuel, characterized in that comprises a; porous barrier 300 formed so as not to move.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 가열수단(250)은 상기 분해제이송관(220)의 끝단부에 외주면을 감싸도록 설치되어 전기에너지를 공급받아 가열하도록 형성된 히팅코일(251)과, 상기 히팅코일(251)의 외주면을 감싸도록 설치되어 고체 수소화물(Hs)과 히팅코일(251)이 접촉되는 것을 차단함과 동시에 히팅코일(251)에서 발생된 열이 손실되는 것을 억제하도록 형성된 단열재(252)로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치.The heating means 250 is installed to surround the outer circumferential surface at the end of the disintegrator feed pipe 220 and to surround the outer circumferential surface of the heating coil 251 and the heating coil 251 formed to receive and heat the electrical energy Solid fuel, characterized in that made of a heat insulating material 252 is formed to block the contact between the solid hydride (Hs) and the heating coil 251 and at the same time suppress the loss of heat generated in the heating coil 251 Hydrogen generating and supplying device using steam cracking agent.
  3. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 분사노즐(230)은 반응탱크(100)에 수용된 고체 수소화물(Hs) 내에 매립되게 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치.The injection nozzle 230 is a hydrogen generating and supplying device using a steam cracker in a solid fuel, characterized in that installed in the solid hydride (Hs) accommodated in the reaction tank (100).
  4. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 반응탱크(100)의 일측에 설치되어 고체 상태의 수소화물(Hs)이 저장되는 고체연료저장탱크(400)와,A solid fuel storage tank 400 installed at one side of the reaction tank 100 to store a hydride (Hs) in a solid state;
    상기 고체연료저장탱크(400)의 하부와 반응탱크(100)의 일측면에 형성된 고체연료공급부(110)가 서로 연통되게 설치되어 상기 고체연료저장탱크(400)에 저장된 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 상기 반응탱크(100)에 공급되도록 이송시키는 고체연료이송부(500)와,The lower portion of the solid fuel storage tank 400 and the solid fuel supply unit 110 formed on one side of the reaction tank 100 are installed in communication with each other so that the solid hydride (Hs) stored in the solid fuel storage tank 400 is A solid fuel transfer part 500 which is transferred to be supplied to the reaction tank 100,
    상기 고체연료이송부(500)에 의해 고체 수소화물(Hs)의 공급이 완료되면 상기 고체연료공급부(110)를 폐쇄하도록 형성된 마개부(120)와,A stopper 120 formed to close the solid fuel supply unit 110 when the supply of the solid hydride (Hs) is completed by the solid fuel transfer unit 500;
    상기 반응탱크(100)의 하부에 개폐 가능하게 설치되어 내부에 생성된 부산물(Bp)을 배출시키는 부산물배출부(130)와, By-product discharge unit 130 is installed to be opened and closed at the bottom of the reaction tank 100 to discharge the by-product (Bp) generated therein, and
    상기 반응탱크(100)에서 생성된 수소의 일부를 공급받아 저장하였다가 상기 반응탱크(100)에서 연료전지(F)에 수소가 공급되지 못하는 동안 그 저장해둔 수소를 연료전지(F)에 공급하도록 형성된 수소버퍼탱크(600)와,While receiving and storing a portion of the hydrogen generated in the reaction tank 100 to supply the stored hydrogen to the fuel cell (F) while hydrogen is not supplied to the fuel cell (F) in the reaction tank (100) Formed hydrogen buffer tank 600,
    상기 반응탱크(100)와 수소버퍼탱크(600) 및 연료전지(F)가 서로 연결되도록 설치된 수소이송관(700)에 개폐 가능하게 구비되어 수소가 공급되거나 공급되지 못하도록 형성된 개폐밸브(800)와,An opening / closing valve 800 provided to be open / closed in the hydrogen transfer pipe 700 installed such that the reaction tank 100, the hydrogen buffer tank 600, and the fuel cell F are connected to each other;
    상기 고체연료이송부(500), 부산물배출부(130), 분해제분사부(200), 개폐밸브(800)의 작동을 제어하여 연료전지(F)가 동작하는데 필요로 하는 수소를 상기 반응탱크(100) 및 수소버퍼탱크(600)에서 지속적으로 공급하도록 형성된 제어수단(900)을 더 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치.By controlling the operation of the solid fuel transfer unit 500, the by-product discharge unit 130, the decomposition agent injection unit 200, the opening and closing valve 800, the hydrogen required for the operation of the fuel cell (F) in the reaction tank (100) And hydrogen generating and supplying device using a steam cracker for solid fuel, characterized in that it further comprises a control means (900) formed to continuously supply from the hydrogen buffer tank (600).
  5. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 고체연료이송부(500)는 고체 수소화물(Hs)이 이송되도록 관 형상으로 이루어진 고체연료이송관(510)과, 고체연료이송관(510)의 내부에 길이방향으로 설치되어 모터(M)로부터 전달된 동력에 의해 회전하는 회전축(520)과, 상기 회전축(520)의 외주면에 나선형상으로 결합되어 상기 회전축(520)과 함께 회전하며 고체 수소화물(Hs)을 상기 반응탱크(100) 측으로 이송시키는 회전날개(530)로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치.The solid fuel transfer part 500 is installed in the longitudinal direction of the solid fuel transfer pipe 510 and the solid fuel transfer pipe 510 made of a tubular shape so that the solid hydride (Hs) is transferred from the motor (M) Rotation that rotates by power and helically coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 520 and rotates along with the rotating shaft 520 to transfer the solid hydride (Hs) to the reaction tank 100 side Hydrogen generation and supply device using a steam cracker to solid fuel, characterized in that consisting of the blade (530).
  6. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 마개부(120)는 고체연료공급부(110)의 상측에 힌지축(121)으로 회동되게 설치된 밀폐부재(122)가 비틀림스프링(123)에 의해 상기 고체연료공급부(110)를 폐쇄하는 방향으로 탄성력이 작용하도록 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료에 증기분해제를 이용한 수소발생 및 공급장치.The stopper 120 is in a direction in which the sealing member 122 installed to be rotated by the hinge shaft 121 on the upper side of the solid fuel supply unit 110 to close the solid fuel supply unit 110 by the torsion spring 123. Hydrogen generation and supply device using a steam cracker to a solid fuel, characterized in that the elastic force is installed to act.
PCT/KR2019/001608 2018-02-13 2019-02-11 Device for generating and supplying hydrogen by using vapor-state decomposition agent on solid fuel WO2019160279A1 (en)

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