WO2019153828A1 - Ultrafine fiber composite wave-absorbing material and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Ultrafine fiber composite wave-absorbing material and preparation method therefor Download PDF

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WO2019153828A1
WO2019153828A1 PCT/CN2018/116462 CN2018116462W WO2019153828A1 WO 2019153828 A1 WO2019153828 A1 WO 2019153828A1 CN 2018116462 W CN2018116462 W CN 2018116462W WO 2019153828 A1 WO2019153828 A1 WO 2019153828A1
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parts
absorbing
layer
wave
coating
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PCT/CN2018/116462
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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夏钢锋
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江苏万华拓谷新材料科技有限公司
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Definitions

  • the invention discloses a superfine fiber composite absorbing material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility and a preparation method thereof.
  • Electromagnetic wave absorbers can be classified into a resistive type, a dielectric type, and a magnetic medium type according to a material loss mechanism.
  • the resistive absorbing agent mainly absorbs electromagnetic waves by interaction with an electric field, and the absorption efficiency depends on the conductance and dielectric constant of the material, mainly carbon black, metal powder, graphite, etc.; the dielectric absorbing agent mainly passes through the dielectric polarization relaxation
  • the loss is used to absorb electromagnetic waves, mainly represented by barium titanate ferroelectric ceramics; the attenuation of electromagnetic waves by magnetic medium type absorbing agents mainly comes from resonance and hysteresis loss, such as ferrite and carboxyl iron.
  • the above various forms cannot be used simultaneously for absorbing waves of various bandwidths, and the limitations are large.
  • the invention provides a superfine fiber composite absorbing material which has the advantages of low frequency, high frequency absorbing and good absorbing effect and a preparation method thereof.
  • An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising: an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; the ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided a coating layer; the ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a nylon-6, multi-wall carbon nanotube and polyethylene mixed melt-spun needle-punched three-dimensional crosslinked structure, and the impregnated layer mass ratio comprises: 100 parts of polyurethane resin 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2-2 parts of cell regulator, 5-15 parts of conductive acetylene black and 3-20 parts of flame retardant; the mass ratio of the coating liquid includes: polyurethane resin 100 Parts, 30-40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5-2 parts of cell regulator, 0.2-2 parts of coagulation regulating agent, 20-80 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, and 5-10 parts of flame retardant.
  • a method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprising: the following steps:
  • nylon-6 5-15% multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 33-55% polyethylene to form nylon-6 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as islands
  • Ethylene is a non-fixed island fiber filament of the sea, which is subjected to crimping, oiling, drying and cutting of non-Dingdao island fiber filaments to obtain microfiber staple fibers having a length of 30-50 mm; It is metered into the rough opening machine by the weighing feeder. After the preliminary mixing and opening, the fan is driven into the multi-storage feeder, and the bottom conveyor belt is sent to the fine opening machine for further mixing and opening.
  • the fan is fed into the material separator, and the mixed fiber in the material separator is sent to the tufting type cotton machine through the fan to form a horizontal and vertical uniform feeding layer, and then enters the carding machine for combing to form two layers of fiber.
  • the net after overlapping, enters the paving machine, is laid up into 6-20 layers, and is needle-punched by 6 needle punching machines into a three-dimensional cross-linked absorbing ultra-fine non-woven fabric with a weight of 300-690 g/m 2 ;
  • the fine non-woven fabric is ironed to form a flat cloth having a thickness of 1.2-2.8 mm and a density of 0.25-0.3 g/m 2 ;
  • the ironing cloth is sent into the immersion liquid adjustment tank immersion liquid, and the immersion and pressing are performed three times in succession; then the coating liquid is applied by a coating machine, and then applied, and then DMF-water wet method is solidified, and after solidification is completed, 60- Washing at a high temperature of 95 ° C, washing off the residual DMF to form a absorbing coating with a fine pore structure; then extracting the sea component polyethylene with toluene at a temperature of 60-95 ° C in the extraction tank to form a nylon and carbon nanotube island , a 1.2-3.0mm thick microfiber absorbing material;
  • the ratio of the mass ratio of the impregnation liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2-2 parts of cell regulator, 5-15 parts of conductive acetylene black and flame retardant 3-20
  • the solid content of the conductive acetylene carbon black in the immersion liquid reaches 10-30%;
  • the ratio of the mass ratio of the coating liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30-40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5-2 parts of cell regulator, 0.2-2 parts of solidification regulating agent, and iron silicon aluminum powder 20- 80 parts, 5-10 parts of flame retardant;
  • the polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type;
  • the coagulation regulating aid is octadecyl alcohol-80;
  • the cell regulator is a modified silicone auxiliary
  • the flame retardant is a phosphate or a nitrogen phosphorus.
  • the multi-walled carbon nanotubes used in the invention have a diameter of 8-20 nm and a length of 5-40 um, and have excellent mechanical properties. When the carbon nanotube content reaches 15%, the tensile strength of the fiber is increased from 80 MPa to 120 MPa, and the mechanical properties are greatly improved.
  • the wall of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes is usually covered with small holes, and the layers are easily trapped between the layers to capture electromagnetic waves. The addition of carbon nanotubes not only increases the mechanical properties but also increases the absorbing properties.
  • the nano-sand mill is used to treat the immersion liquid, so that the conductive carbon black in the absorbing leaching material has a particle size of 3-8 nm, a large specific surface area, a high atomic ratio on the surface of the granule, and a large number of chemical bonds suspended, thereby improving the conductive carbon black.
  • the absorbing property; the scalding cloth impregnated with the immersion liquid has good absorbing properties at high frequency. When the solid content of the conductive acetylene carbon black in the immersion liquid reaches 26-30%, the absorbing property is the best.
  • the absorbent iron silicon aluminum powder is uniformly dispersed in the coating liquid, and the formed absorbing coating cell is dense and uniform, which can improve the absorption effect of the product at low frequency, after being coated.
  • the absorbing wave coating liquid improves the absorbing properties of the product at low frequencies;
  • the product of the invention has a braided section and a hollow fiber shape; the impregnated ironing cloth has a three-dimensional network structure as a whole; the absorbing and coating layer has dense cells, and the structure is staggered and connected to form a fine transparent structure; the absorbents are uniform. Distribution, giving the product a good absorbing performance, the combination of resistive and magnetic medium-type absorbents, taking into account the high and low frequency absorbing, giving the product a good broadband absorbing effect; excellent flame retardant performance, wide application fields, The market potential is huge.
  • Figure 1 is a comparison of the performance of the product of Example 2 and the same thickness of the absorbing cloth product on the market.
  • An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer;
  • the ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
  • a method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
  • nylon-6 and nano carbon fiber tubes and polyethylene are mixed and melt-spun at a mass ratio of 40%: 6%: 54% to form a non-fixed island with nylon-6 and carbon fiber tubes as islands and polyethylene as the sea.
  • the fiber filaments are subjected to crimping and oil drying and cutting, and the blended nano carbon fiber tube microfiber staple fiber having a length of 42 mm is cut off;
  • the blended nano carbon fiber tube superfine fiber staple fiber with a length of 42 mm is metered by a weighing type feeding machine, and then sent to a rough opening machine for opening treatment, and then blown by a fan after preliminary mixing and opening.
  • the treated fiber is sent to the material separator, and a certain amount of cotton is stored therein, and the material is separated.
  • the fiber in the device is sent into the tufting type cotton machine by the fan, and a mixed cotton layer which is uniform in both horizontal and vertical directions is formed therein, and then combed into the carding machine to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine. 12 layers of layup on the laying machine, needle punching by 6 needle punching machine into a three-dimensional crosslinked non-woven fabric with a weight of 400 g/m 2 ;
  • the needle-punched non-woven fabric is preheated through a seven-stage oven, and then ironed by a ironing roller to form a flat cloth having a thickness of 1.4 mm and a density of 0.29 g/m 2 , and the surface of the ironing cloth is flat. Uniform thickness, suitable for subsequent base fabric processing for coating treatment;
  • the ironing cloth is impregnated with the immersion liquid, and then coated with the coating liquid, and then solidified by DMF-water wet method. After solidification, it is washed with high temperature at 80 ° C, the residual DMF is washed away, and then the temperature is 80 ° C in the extraction tank.
  • the toluene extracts the sea component polyethylene to form a microfiber absorbing base fabric with nylon and nano carbon fiber tubes as islands, and then dried to form a superfine fiber absorbing product having a microporous dense layer and a thickness of 2.0 mm;
  • the immersion liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of urethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.3 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, 5 parts of conductive carbon black, flame retardant 3 parts; finely ground and dispersed by nano sand mill to improve absorbing performance.
  • the coating liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 50 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.3 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, and acetyl alcohol-80 of coagulation regulating agent 0.1 parts, 60 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, 5 parts of flame retardant; finely ground and dispersed by nano sand mill to improve absorbing performance.
  • the polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.
  • An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer;
  • the ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
  • a method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
  • Nylon-6 and carbon nanotubes and polyethylene are mixed and melt-spun at a mass ratio of 40%: 15%: 45% to form a non-station island with nylon-6 and carbon fiber tubes as islands and polyethylene as the sea.
  • Fibril filaments, the fibers are subjected to crimping and oil drying and cutting, and the blended nano carbon fiber tube microfiber staple fibers having a length of 30 mm are cut off;
  • the blended nano carbon fiber tube microfiber staple fiber with a length of 30mm is metered by a weighing feeder, metered and sent to the rough opening machine for opening treatment, and then blown by a fan after preliminary mixing and opening.
  • the treated fiber is sent to the material separator, and a certain amount of cotton is stored therein, and the material is separated.
  • the fiber in the device is sent into the tufting type cotton machine by the fan, and a mixed cotton layer which is uniform in both horizontal and vertical directions is formed therein, and then combed into the carding machine to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine. 17 layers of layup were carried out on the laying machine, and needle punched by 6 needle punching machines into a three-dimensional crosslinked nonwoven fabric having a weight of 620 g/m 2 ;
  • the needle-punched non-woven fabric is preheated through a seven-stage oven, and then ironed by a ironing roller to form a flat cloth having a thickness of 2.5 mm and a density of 0.27 g/m 2 , and the surface of the ironing cloth is flat. Uniform thickness, suitable for subsequent base fabric processing for coating treatment;
  • the ironing cloth is immersed in the absorbing liquid impregnation liquid, and then coated by the absorbing coating liquid, and then solidified by DMF-water wet method, solidified and then washed at 80 ° C high temperature, the residual DMF is washed off, and then the extraction tank is taken out.
  • the sea component polyethylene was extracted with toluene at a temperature of 80 ° C to form a microfiber absorbing base fabric made of nylon and carbon nanotubes, and then dried to form a microporous dense layer having a thickness of 3.0 mm.
  • the immersion liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.3 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, 10 parts of conductive carbon black, flame retardant 15 parts; after fine grinding and dispersing by nano sand mill, the solid content of conductive acetylene carbon black in the immersion liquid reaches 28%, and the absorbing property is improved.
  • the coating liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of polyurethane tree, 30 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, and the coagulation regulating agent octadecyl alcohol-80 0.3 parts, 80 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, 8 parts of flame retardant; finely ground and dispersed by nano sand mill to improve absorbing performance.
  • the polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.
  • An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer;
  • the ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
  • a method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
  • the mixed fiber in the material separator is sent to the tufting type cotton machine through the fan, and a horizontal and vertical uniform feeding layer is formed therein, and then enters the carding machine for combing to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine.
  • the ironing cloth is sent into the immersion liquid adjustment tank immersion liquid, and the immersion and pressing are performed three times in succession; then the coating liquid is applied by a coating machine, and then applied, and then DMF-water wet method is solidified, and after solidification is completed, 60 ° C is performed. After washing at high temperature, the residual DMF is washed away to form an absorbing coating having a fine pore structure; then the sea component polyethylene is extracted in toluene using a toluene having a temperature of 60 ° C, and then dried to form an island of nylon and carbon nanotubes. , a thickness of 1.2mm microfiber absorbing material;
  • the ratio of the mass ratio of the impregnation liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2 parts of modified silicone auxiliary agent, 5 parts of conductive acetylene black and 3 parts of flame retardant, and conductive in the immersion liquid
  • the solid content of acetylene black reaches 10%
  • the ratio of the mass ratio of the coating liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5 parts of modified silicone auxiliary agent, 0.2 part by weight of octadecyl alcohol, 20 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, phosphate ester 5 parts of flame retardant;
  • the polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.
  • An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer;
  • the ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
  • a method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
  • the mixed fiber in the material separator is sent to the tufting type cotton machine through the fan, and a horizontal and vertical uniform feeding layer is formed therein, and then enters the carding machine for combing to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine.
  • the ironing cloth is sent into the immersion liquid adjustment tank immersion liquid, and the immersion and pressing are performed three times in succession; then the coating liquid is applied by a coating machine, and then applied, and then DMF-water wet method is solidified, and after solidification is completed, 95 ° C is performed. Washing at high temperature, washing off residual DMF to form a absorbing coating with microporous structure; then extracting the sea component polyethylene with toluene at a temperature of 95 ° C in the extraction tank, and then drying to form nylon and carbon nanotubes as islands , a thickness of 3.0mm microfiber absorbing material;
  • the ratio of the mass ratio of the immersion liquid is: 100 parts of urethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 2 parts of modified silicone auxiliaries, 15 parts of conductive acetylene black and 20 parts of flame retardant;
  • the mass ratio of the coating liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 2 parts of modified silicone auxiliary agent, 80 parts of octadecyl alcohol, 80 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, nitrogen and phosphorus 10 parts of flame retardant;
  • the polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.

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Abstract

An ultrafine fiber composite wave-absorbing material, comprising an ultrafine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer, an impregnation layer and a coating layer. The impregnation layer is provided on the ultrafine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer, and the coating layer is provided on the impregnation layer. The ultrafine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer has a three-dimensional cross-linking structure formed by means of mixed melt spinning and needle punching of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotube and polyethylene. The impregnation layer comprises: a polyurethane resin, together with dimethylformamide, a cell regulator, a conductive acetylene carbon black and a flame retardant. The coating solution comprises a polyurethane resin, dimethylformamide, a cell regulator, a coagulation regulating aid, an iron silicon aluminum powder, and a flame retardant. The coating solution is finely ground and dispersed by means of a nano-sand mill, and the absorbent iron silicon aluminum powder is dispersed uniformly in the coating solution, so that the cells in the formed wave-absorbing coating layer are dense and uniform, and thus the wave-absorbing effect at low frequency of a product can be improved, thereby improving the wave-absorbing performance at low frequency of the product after coating of the wave-absorbing coating solution.

Description

一种超细纤维复合吸波材料及其制备方法Ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material and preparation method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明公开了一种超细纤维复合吸波材料及其制备方法，属于电磁兼容及其制备方法技术领域。The invention discloses a superfine fiber composite absorbing material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
电磁波吸收剂按材料损耗机理可分为电阻型、电介质型和磁介质型。电阻型吸波剂主要通过与电场的相互作用来吸收电磁波，吸收效率取决于材料的电导和介电常数，主要有炭黑、金属粉、石墨等；电介质型吸波剂主要通过介质极化弛豫损耗来吸收电磁波，主要以钛酸钡铁电陶瓷等为代表；磁介质型吸波剂对电磁波的衰减主要来自共振和磁滞损耗，如铁氧体和羧基铁等。上述各种形式无法同时使用于各种频宽的吸波使用，局限性大。Electromagnetic wave absorbers can be classified into a resistive type, a dielectric type, and a magnetic medium type according to a material loss mechanism. The resistive absorbing agent mainly absorbs electromagnetic waves by interaction with an electric field, and the absorption efficiency depends on the conductance and dielectric constant of the material, mainly carbon black, metal powder, graphite, etc.; the dielectric absorbing agent mainly passes through the dielectric polarization relaxation The loss is used to absorb electromagnetic waves, mainly represented by barium titanate ferroelectric ceramics; the attenuation of electromagnetic waves by magnetic medium type absorbing agents mainly comes from resonance and hysteresis loss, such as ferrite and carboxyl iron. The above various forms cannot be used simultaneously for absorbing waves of various bandwidths, and the limitations are large.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提供了一种兼顾低频、高频吸波，吸波效果好的超细纤维复合吸波材料及其制备方法。The invention provides a superfine fiber composite absorbing material which has the advantages of low frequency, high frequency absorbing and good absorbing effect and a preparation method thereof.
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料，其特征在于：包括超细吸波无纺布层、浸渍层和涂覆层，超细吸波无纺布层上设有浸渍层，浸渍层上设有涂覆层；所述超细吸波无纺布层为尼龙-6、多壁碳纳米管和聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝针刺三维交联结构，所述浸渍层质量比例包括：聚氨酯树脂100份、配二甲基甲酰胺40-60份、泡孔调节剂0.2-2份、导电乙炔炭黑5-15份和阻燃剂3-20份；所述涂覆液质量比例包括：聚氨酯树脂100份，二甲基甲酰胺30-40份，泡孔调节剂0.5-2份，凝固调节助剂0.2-2份，铁硅铝粉20-80份，阻燃剂5-10份。An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material, comprising: an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; the ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided a coating layer; the ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a nylon-6, multi-wall carbon nanotube and polyethylene mixed melt-spun needle-punched three-dimensional crosslinked structure, and the impregnated layer mass ratio comprises: 100 parts of polyurethane resin 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2-2 parts of cell regulator, 5-15 parts of conductive acetylene black and 3-20 parts of flame retardant; the mass ratio of the coating liquid includes: polyurethane resin 100 Parts, 30-40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5-2 parts of cell regulator, 0.2-2 parts of coagulation regulating agent, 20-80 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, and 5-10 parts of flame retardant.
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material, comprising: the following steps:
(1)、超细吸波无纺布加工：(1), ultra-fine absorbing non-woven fabric processing:
将质量比40-52％的尼龙-6、5-15％的多壁碳纳米管和33-55％的聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝，形成以尼龙-6及多壁碳纳米管为岛，聚乙烯为海的非定岛海岛纤维长丝，对非定岛海岛纤维长丝进行卷曲、上油、干燥、切断处理，得到长度为30-50mm的超细纤维短纤；将超细纤维短纤由称重式喂入机进行计量进入粗开松机，经初步混合开松后由风机打入多仓喂棉器，并由底部输送带送入精开松机进行进一步的混合开松，再经风机送入物料分离器中，物料分离器中的混合纤维经风机送入簇绒式落棉机，在其中形成横向和纵向均匀的喂棉层，然后进入梳理机进行梳理，形成两层纤网，重叠后进入铺网机，铺叠成6-20层，经6台经针刺机针刺成为重量300-690g/m 2的三维交联的吸波超细无纺布；吸波超细无纺布进行烫平，制成厚度为1.2-2.8mm、密度为0.25-0.3g/m 2的烫平布； Mixing and spinning 40-52% nylon-6, 5-15% multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 33-55% polyethylene to form nylon-6 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as islands Ethylene is a non-fixed island fiber filament of the sea, which is subjected to crimping, oiling, drying and cutting of non-Dingdao island fiber filaments to obtain microfiber staple fibers having a length of 30-50 mm; It is metered into the rough opening machine by the weighing feeder. After the preliminary mixing and opening, the fan is driven into the multi-storage feeder, and the bottom conveyor belt is sent to the fine opening machine for further mixing and opening. The fan is fed into the material separator, and the mixed fiber in the material separator is sent to the tufting type cotton machine through the fan to form a horizontal and vertical uniform feeding layer, and then enters the carding machine for combing to form two layers of fiber. The net, after overlapping, enters the paving machine, is laid up into 6-20 layers, and is needle-punched by 6 needle punching machines into a three-dimensional cross-linked absorbing ultra-fine non-woven fabric with a weight of 300-690 g/m 2 ; The fine non-woven fabric is ironed to form a flat cloth having a thickness of 1.2-2.8 mm and a density of 0.25-0.3 g/m 2 ;
(2)、超细纤维复合吸波材料加工：(2) Processing of microfiber composite absorbing materials:
将烫平布送入浸渍液调整槽浸渍液内，连续进行3次浸渍、压榨；然后通过涂覆机刮涂涂敷液，涂敷后进行DMF-水湿法凝固，凝固完成后进行60-95℃高温水洗，洗掉残留DMF，形成具有微细孔结构的吸波涂层；再在抽出槽使用温度为60-95℃的甲苯抽出海组分聚乙烯，形成以尼龙及碳纳米管为岛，厚度为1.2-3.0mm超细纤维吸波材料；The ironing cloth is sent into the immersion liquid adjustment tank immersion liquid, and the immersion and pressing are performed three times in succession; then the coating liquid is applied by a coating machine, and then applied, and then DMF-water wet method is solidified, and after solidification is completed, 60- Washing at a high temperature of 95 ° C, washing off the residual DMF to form a absorbing coating with a fine pore structure; then extracting the sea component polyethylene with toluene at a temperature of 60-95 ° C in the extraction tank to form a nylon and carbon nanotube island , a 1.2-3.0mm thick microfiber absorbing material;
所述浸渍液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份、配二甲基甲酰胺40-60份、泡孔调节剂0.2-2份、导电乙炔炭黑5-15份和阻燃剂3-20份，浸渍液中导电乙炔炭黑的固含量达到10-30％；The ratio of the mass ratio of the impregnation liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2-2 parts of cell regulator, 5-15 parts of conductive acetylene black and flame retardant 3-20 The solid content of the conductive acetylene carbon black in the immersion liquid reaches 10-30%;
所述涂覆液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份，二甲基甲酰胺30-40份，泡孔调节剂0.5-2份，凝固调节助剂0.2-2份，铁硅铝粉20-80份，阻燃剂5-10份；The ratio of the mass ratio of the coating liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30-40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5-2 parts of cell regulator, 0.2-2 parts of solidification regulating agent, and iron silicon aluminum powder 20- 80 parts, 5-10 parts of flame retardant;
所述聚氨酯树脂，为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚碳型或共聚型；The polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type;
所述凝固调节助剂为十八醇-80；The coagulation regulating aid is octadecyl alcohol-80;
所述泡孔调节剂为改性有机硅助剂；The cell regulator is a modified silicone auxiliary;
所述阻燃剂为磷酸酯类或氮磷类。The flame retardant is a phosphate or a nitrogen phosphorus.
本发明采用的多壁碳纳米管直径8-20nm，长5-40um,具有优异的力学性能，当碳纳米管含量达到15％时，纤维的拉伸强度由80MPa增加到120MPa，力学性能大大提高；多壁碳纳米管管壁上通常布满小洞样的缺陷，层与层之间很容易成为陷阱中心而捕获电磁波；添加碳纳米管不仅能增加力学性能还能增加吸波性能。The multi-walled carbon nanotubes used in the invention have a diameter of 8-20 nm and a length of 5-40 um, and have excellent mechanical properties. When the carbon nanotube content reaches 15%, the tensile strength of the fiber is increased from 80 MPa to 120 MPa, and the mechanical properties are greatly improved. The wall of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes is usually covered with small holes, and the layers are easily trapped between the layers to capture electromagnetic waves. The addition of carbon nanotubes not only increases the mechanical properties but also increases the absorbing properties.
经过纳米砂磨机对浸渍液处理，使吸波含浸料里的导电炭黑粒度达到3-8个纳米，比表面积大，颗粒表面的原子比例高，悬挂的化学键多，提高了导电炭黑的吸波性能；经浸渍液含浸的烫平布在高频的吸波性能很好，当浸渍液中导电乙炔炭黑的固含量达到26-30％时，吸波性能最好。The nano-sand mill is used to treat the immersion liquid, so that the conductive carbon black in the absorbing leaching material has a particle size of 3-8 nm, a large specific surface area, a high atomic ratio on the surface of the granule, and a large number of chemical bonds suspended, thereby improving the conductive carbon black. The absorbing property; the scalding cloth impregnated with the immersion liquid has good absorbing properties at high frequency. When the solid content of the conductive acetylene carbon black in the immersion liquid reaches 26-30%, the absorbing property is the best.
经过纳米砂磨机对涂覆液精细研磨分散，吸收剂铁硅铝粉在涂覆液中分散均匀，形成的吸波涂层泡孔致密均匀，能提高产品在低频的吸波效果，经过涂覆吸波涂覆液后提高了产品在低频的吸波性能；After the fine grinding and dispersing of the coating liquid by the nano sand mill, the absorbent iron silicon aluminum powder is uniformly dispersed in the coating liquid, and the formed absorbing coating cell is dense and uniform, which can improve the absorption effect of the product at low frequency, after being coated. The absorbing wave coating liquid improves the absorbing properties of the product at low frequencies;
本发明的产品具有藕状断面、空心纤维状；含浸后的烫平布整体呈立体网状结构；吸波涂复层泡孔致密，结构交错联通，形成微细的通透结构；各吸收剂均匀分布，赋予了产品很好的吸波性能，电阻型和磁介质型吸收剂的搭配使用，兼顾高低频吸波，赋予了产品很好的宽频吸波效果；阻燃性能优良，应用领域广，市场潜力巨大。The product of the invention has a braided section and a hollow fiber shape; the impregnated ironing cloth has a three-dimensional network structure as a whole; the absorbing and coating layer has dense cells, and the structure is staggered and connected to form a fine transparent structure; the absorbents are uniform. Distribution, giving the product a good absorbing performance, the combination of resistive and magnetic medium-type absorbents, taking into account the high and low frequency absorbing, giving the product a good broadband absorbing effect; excellent flame retardant performance, wide application fields, The market potential is huge.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为实施例2产品与市场上同厚度吸波布产品性能比较图。Figure 1 is a comparison of the performance of the product of Example 2 and the same thickness of the absorbing cloth product on the market.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料，包括超细吸波无纺布层、浸渍层和涂覆层，超细吸波无纺布层上设有浸渍层，浸渍层上设有涂覆层；所述超细吸波无纺布层为尼龙-6、多壁碳纳米管和聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝针刺三维交联结构。An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer; The ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
1、将尼龙-6及纳米碳纤维管和聚乙烯按质量比为40％：6％：54％混合熔融纺丝，形成以尼龙-6及碳纤维管为岛，聚乙烯为海的非定岛海岛纤维长丝，对纤维进行卷曲上油干燥切断，切断得到长度为42㎜的混纺纳米碳纤维管超细纤维短纤；1. The nylon-6 and nano carbon fiber tubes and polyethylene are mixed and melt-spun at a mass ratio of 40%: 6%: 54% to form a non-fixed island with nylon-6 and carbon fiber tubes as islands and polyethylene as the sea. The fiber filaments are subjected to crimping and oil drying and cutting, and the blended nano carbon fiber tube microfiber staple fiber having a length of 42 mm is cut off;
2、将长度为42㎜的混纺纳米碳纤维管超细纤维短纤由称重式喂入机进行计量，计量后送至粗开松机内进行开松处理，经初步混合开松后由风机打入多仓混棉器，并由其底部输送带送入精开松机进行进一步的混合开松处理，处理后的纤维被送至物料分离器中，并在其中贮存一定的棉量，物料分离器中的纤维被风机送入簇绒式落棉机中，在其中形成横向和纵向都很均匀的混棉层，再进入梳理机进行梳理，形成两层纤网，重叠后进入铺网机，在铺网机上进行12层铺叠，经6台针刺机针刺成为重量400g/m 2的三维交联的无纺布； 2. The blended nano carbon fiber tube superfine fiber staple fiber with a length of 42 mm is metered by a weighing type feeding machine, and then sent to a rough opening machine for opening treatment, and then blown by a fan after preliminary mixing and opening. Into the multi-tank blender, and sent to the fine opener by the bottom conveyor belt for further mixing and opening treatment, the treated fiber is sent to the material separator, and a certain amount of cotton is stored therein, and the material is separated. The fiber in the device is sent into the tufting type cotton machine by the fan, and a mixed cotton layer which is uniform in both horizontal and vertical directions is formed therein, and then combed into the carding machine to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine. 12 layers of layup on the laying machine, needle punching by 6 needle punching machine into a three-dimensional crosslinked non-woven fabric with a weight of 400 g/m 2 ;
3、将针刺后的无纺布通过七段烘箱预热，然后经烫平辊烫平后制成厚度为1.4㎜、密度为0.29g/m 2的烫平布，该烫平布表面平整厚度均匀，适合后续基布加工进行涂敷处理； 3. The needle-punched non-woven fabric is preheated through a seven-stage oven, and then ironed by a ironing roller to form a flat cloth having a thickness of 1.4 mm and a density of 0.29 g/m 2 , and the surface of the ironing cloth is flat. Uniform thickness, suitable for subsequent base fabric processing for coating treatment;
4、将烫平布用浸渍液浸渍，然后经涂覆液进行涂敷后进行DMF-水湿法凝固，凝固后进行80℃高温水洗，洗掉残留DMF，然后在抽出槽使用温度为80℃的甲苯抽出海组分聚乙烯，形成以尼龙及纳米碳纤维管为岛的超细纤维吸波基布，然后经过干燥，形成具有微细孔致密层、厚度为2.0mm超细纤维吸波产品；4. The ironing cloth is impregnated with the immersion liquid, and then coated with the coating liquid, and then solidified by DMF-water wet method. After solidification, it is washed with high temperature at 80 ° C, the residual DMF is washed away, and then the temperature is 80 ° C in the extraction tank. The toluene extracts the sea component polyethylene to form a microfiber absorbing base fabric with nylon and nano carbon fiber tubes as islands, and then dried to form a superfine fiber absorbing product having a microporous dense layer and a thickness of 2.0 mm;
浸渍液为聚氨酯吸波溶液，其配料的质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份，配二甲基甲酰胺60份，亲水性界面活性剂SD-11 0.3份，导电炭黑5份，阻燃剂3份；经过纳米砂磨机精细研磨分散，提高吸波性能。The immersion liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of urethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.3 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, 5 parts of conductive carbon black, flame retardant 3 parts; finely ground and dispersed by nano sand mill to improve absorbing performance.
涂覆液为聚氨酯吸波溶液，其配料的质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份，二甲基甲酰胺50份，亲水性界面活性剂SD-11 0.3份，凝固调节助剂十八醇-80 0.1份，铁硅铝粉60份，阻燃剂5份；经过纳米砂磨机精细研磨分散，提高吸波性能。The coating liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 50 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.3 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, and acetyl alcohol-80 of coagulation regulating agent 0.1 parts, 60 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, 5 parts of flame retardant; finely ground and dispersed by nano sand mill to improve absorbing performance.
聚氨酯树脂为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚碳型或共聚型。The polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.
实施例2Example 2
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料，包括超细吸波无纺布层、浸渍层和涂覆层，超细吸波无纺布层上设有浸渍层，浸渍层上设有涂覆层；所述超细吸波无纺布层为尼龙-6、多壁碳纳米管和 聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝针刺三维交联结构。An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer; The ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
1、将尼龙-6及碳纳米管和聚乙烯按质量比为40％：15％：45％混合熔融纺丝，形成以尼龙-6及碳纤维管为岛，聚乙烯为海的非定岛海岛纤维长丝，对纤维进行卷曲上油干燥切断，切断得到长度为30㎜的混纺纳米碳纤维管超细纤维短纤；1. Nylon-6 and carbon nanotubes and polyethylene are mixed and melt-spun at a mass ratio of 40%: 15%: 45% to form a non-station island with nylon-6 and carbon fiber tubes as islands and polyethylene as the sea. Fibril filaments, the fibers are subjected to crimping and oil drying and cutting, and the blended nano carbon fiber tube microfiber staple fibers having a length of 30 mm are cut off;
2、将长度为30㎜的混纺纳米碳纤维管超细纤维短纤由称重式喂入机进行计量，计量后送至粗开松机内进行开松处理，经初步混合开松后由风机打入多仓混棉器，并由其底部输送带送入精开松机进行进一步的混合开松处理，处理后的纤维被送至物料分离器中，并在其中贮存一定的棉量，物料分离器中的纤维被风机送入簇绒式落棉机中，在其中形成横向和纵向都很均匀的混棉层，再进入梳理机进行梳理，形成两层纤网，重叠后进入铺网机，在铺网机上进行17层铺叠，经6台针刺机针刺成为重量620g/m 2的三维交联的无纺布； 2. The blended nano carbon fiber tube microfiber staple fiber with a length of 30mm is metered by a weighing feeder, metered and sent to the rough opening machine for opening treatment, and then blown by a fan after preliminary mixing and opening. Into the multi-tank blender, and sent to the fine opener by the bottom conveyor belt for further mixing and opening treatment, the treated fiber is sent to the material separator, and a certain amount of cotton is stored therein, and the material is separated. The fiber in the device is sent into the tufting type cotton machine by the fan, and a mixed cotton layer which is uniform in both horizontal and vertical directions is formed therein, and then combed into the carding machine to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine. 17 layers of layup were carried out on the laying machine, and needle punched by 6 needle punching machines into a three-dimensional crosslinked nonwoven fabric having a weight of 620 g/m 2 ;
3、将针刺后的无纺布通过七段烘箱予热，然后经烫平辊烫平后制成厚度为2.5㎜、密度为0.27g/m 2的烫平布，该烫平布表面平整厚度均匀，适合后续基布加工进行涂敷处理； 3. The needle-punched non-woven fabric is preheated through a seven-stage oven, and then ironed by a ironing roller to form a flat cloth having a thickness of 2.5 mm and a density of 0.27 g/m 2 , and the surface of the ironing cloth is flat. Uniform thickness, suitable for subsequent base fabric processing for coating treatment;
4、将烫平布用吸波含浸液浸渍后，然后经吸波涂敷液进行涂敷后进行DMF-水湿法凝固，凝固后进行80℃高温水洗，洗掉残留DMF，然后在抽出槽使用温度为80℃的甲苯抽出海组分聚乙烯，形成以尼龙及碳纳米管为岛的超细纤维吸波基布，然后经过干燥，形成具有微细孔致密层、厚度为3.0mm超细纤维吸波产品；4. The ironing cloth is immersed in the absorbing liquid impregnation liquid, and then coated by the absorbing coating liquid, and then solidified by DMF-water wet method, solidified and then washed at 80 ° C high temperature, the residual DMF is washed off, and then the extraction tank is taken out. The sea component polyethylene was extracted with toluene at a temperature of 80 ° C to form a microfiber absorbing base fabric made of nylon and carbon nanotubes, and then dried to form a microporous dense layer having a thickness of 3.0 mm. Absorbing products;
浸渍液为聚氨酯吸波溶液，其配料的质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份，配二甲基甲酰胺40份，亲水性界面活性剂SD-11 0.3份，导电炭黑10份，阻燃剂15份；经过纳米砂磨机精细研磨分散，浸渍液中导电乙炔炭黑的固含量达到28％,提高吸波性能。The immersion liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.3 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, 10 parts of conductive carbon black, flame retardant 15 parts; after fine grinding and dispersing by nano sand mill, the solid content of conductive acetylene carbon black in the immersion liquid reaches 28%, and the absorbing property is improved.
涂覆液为聚氨酯吸波溶液，其配料的质量比例为：聚氨酯树100份，二甲基甲酰胺30份，亲水性界面活性剂SD-11 0.2份，凝固调节助剂十八醇-80 0.3份，铁硅铝粉80份，阻燃剂8份；经过纳米砂磨机精细研磨分散，提高吸波性能。The coating liquid is a polyurethane absorbing solution, and the mass ratio of the ingredients is: 100 parts of polyurethane tree, 30 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2 parts of hydrophilic surfactant SD-11, and the coagulation regulating agent octadecyl alcohol-80 0.3 parts, 80 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, 8 parts of flame retardant; finely ground and dispersed by nano sand mill to improve absorbing performance.
聚氨酯树脂为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚碳型或共聚型。The polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.
实施例3Example 3
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料，包括超细吸波无纺布层、浸渍层和涂覆层，超细吸波无纺布层上设有浸渍层，浸渍层上设有涂覆层；所述超细吸波无纺布层为尼龙-6、多壁碳纳米管和聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝针刺三维交联结构。An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer; The ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1)、超细吸波无纺布加工：(1), ultra-fine absorbing non-woven fabric processing:
将质量比52％的尼龙-6、5％的多壁碳纳米管和47％的聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝，形成以尼龙 -6及多壁碳纳米管为岛，聚乙烯为海的非定岛海岛纤维长丝，对非定岛海岛纤维长丝进行卷曲、上油、干燥、切断处理，得到长度为30mm的超细纤维短纤；将超细纤维短纤由称重式喂入机进行计量进入粗开松机，经初步混合开松后由风机打入多仓喂棉器，并由底部输送带送入精开松机进行进一步的混合开松，再经风机送入物料分离器中，物料分离器中的混合纤维经风机送入簇绒式落棉机，在其中形成横向和纵向均匀的喂棉层，然后进入梳理机进行梳理，形成两层纤网，重叠后进入铺网机，铺叠成6层，经6台经针刺机针刺成为重量300g/m 2的三维交联的吸波超细无纺布；吸波超细无纺布进行烫平，制成厚度为1.2mm、密度为0.25g/m 2的烫平布； Mixing and spinning 52% nylon-6, 5% multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 47% polyethylene to form nylon-6 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as islands, and polyethylene as the sea. Island island fiber filaments, crimping, oiling, drying and cutting of non-Dingdao island fiber filaments to obtain microfiber staple fibers with a length of 30 mm; microfiber staple fibers are fed by a weighing feeder The metering enters the coarse opening machine, and after being mixed and opened, the fan is driven into the multi-storage feeder, and is sent to the fine opening machine by the bottom conveyor belt for further mixing and opening, and then sent to the material separator through the fan. The mixed fiber in the material separator is sent to the tufting type cotton machine through the fan, and a horizontal and vertical uniform feeding layer is formed therein, and then enters the carding machine for combing to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine. Laminated into 6 layers, needle-punched into 6 three-dimensional cross-linked absorbing ultra-fine non-woven fabrics with a weight of 300g/m 2 ; absorbing ultra-fine non-woven fabric for ironing, and the thickness is 1.2mm flat cloth having a density of 0.25g/m 2 ;
(2)、超细纤维复合吸波材料加工：(2) Processing of microfiber composite absorbing materials:
将烫平布送入浸渍液调整槽浸渍液内，连续进行3次浸渍、压榨；然后通过涂覆机刮涂涂敷液，涂敷后进行DMF-水湿法凝固，凝固完成后进行60℃高温水洗，洗掉残留DMF，形成具有微细孔结构的吸波涂层；再在抽出槽使用温度为60℃的甲苯抽出海组分聚乙烯，然后经过干燥，形成以尼龙及碳纳米管为岛，厚度为1.2mm超细纤维吸波材料；The ironing cloth is sent into the immersion liquid adjustment tank immersion liquid, and the immersion and pressing are performed three times in succession; then the coating liquid is applied by a coating machine, and then applied, and then DMF-water wet method is solidified, and after solidification is completed, 60 ° C is performed. After washing at high temperature, the residual DMF is washed away to form an absorbing coating having a fine pore structure; then the sea component polyethylene is extracted in toluene using a toluene having a temperature of 60 ° C, and then dried to form an island of nylon and carbon nanotubes. , a thickness of 1.2mm microfiber absorbing material;
所述浸渍液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份、配二甲基甲酰胺40份、改性有机硅助剂0.2份、导电乙炔炭黑5份和阻燃剂3份，浸渍液中导电乙炔炭黑的固含量达到10％；The ratio of the mass ratio of the impregnation liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2 parts of modified silicone auxiliary agent, 5 parts of conductive acetylene black and 3 parts of flame retardant, and conductive in the immersion liquid The solid content of acetylene black reaches 10%;
所述涂覆液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份，二甲基甲酰胺30份，改性有机硅助剂0.5份，十八醇-80 0.2份，铁硅铝粉20份，磷酸酯类阻燃剂5份；The ratio of the mass ratio of the coating liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5 parts of modified silicone auxiliary agent, 0.2 part by weight of octadecyl alcohol, 20 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, phosphate ester 5 parts of flame retardant;
聚氨酯树脂，为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚碳型或共聚型。The polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.
实施例4Example 4
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料，包括超细吸波无纺布层、浸渍层和涂覆层，超细吸波无纺布层上设有浸渍层，浸渍层上设有涂覆层；所述超细吸波无纺布层为尼龙-6、多壁碳纳米管和聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝针刺三维交联结构。An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material comprising an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided with a coating layer; The ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a three-dimensional crosslinked structure of nylon-6, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyethylene mixed melt-spun acupuncture.
一种超细纤维复合吸波材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1)、超细吸波无纺布加工：(1), ultra-fine absorbing non-woven fabric processing:
将质量比52％的尼龙-6、15％的多壁碳纳米管和33％的聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝，形成以尼龙-6及多壁碳纳米管为岛，聚乙烯为海的非定岛海岛纤维长丝，对非定岛海岛纤维长丝进行卷曲、上油、干燥、切断处理，得到长度为50mm的超细纤维短纤；将超细纤维短纤由称重式喂入机进行计量进入粗开松机，经初步混合开松后由风机打入多仓喂棉器，并由底部输送带送入精开松机进行进一步的混合开松，再经风机送入物料分离器中，物料分离器中的混合纤维经风机送入簇绒式落棉机，在其中形成横向和纵向均匀的喂棉层，然后进入梳理机进行梳理，形成两层纤网，重叠后进入铺网机，铺叠成20层，经6台经针刺机针刺成为重量690g/m 2 的三维交联的吸波超细无纺布；吸波超细无纺布进行烫平，制成厚度为2.8mm、密度为0.3g/m 2的烫平布； Mixing and spinning 52% nylon-6, 15% multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 33% polyethylene to form nylon-6 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as islands, and polyethylene as the sea. Island island fiber filaments, crimping, oiling, drying and cutting of non-Dingdao island fiber filaments to obtain microfiber staple fibers with a length of 50 mm; microfiber staple fibers are fed by a weighing feeder The metering enters the coarse opening machine, and after being mixed and opened, the fan is driven into the multi-storage feeder, and is sent to the fine opening machine by the bottom conveyor belt for further mixing and opening, and then sent to the material separator through the fan. The mixed fiber in the material separator is sent to the tufting type cotton machine through the fan, and a horizontal and vertical uniform feeding layer is formed therein, and then enters the carding machine for combing to form a two-layer fiber web, which is overlapped and then enters the laying machine. Laminated into 20 layers, needle-punched into 6 three-dimensional cross-linked absorbing ultra-fine non-woven fabrics with a weight of 690g/m 2 ; absorbing ultra-fine non-woven fabric for ironing, made into a thickness a 2.8 mm flat cloth having a density of 0.3 g/m 2 ;
(2)、超细纤维复合吸波材料加工：(2) Processing of microfiber composite absorbing materials:
将烫平布送入浸渍液调整槽浸渍液内，连续进行3次浸渍、压榨；然后通过涂覆机刮涂涂敷液，涂敷后进行DMF-水湿法凝固，凝固完成后进行95℃高温水洗，洗掉残留DMF，形成具有微细孔结构的吸波涂层；再在抽出槽使用温度为95℃的甲苯抽出海组分聚乙烯，然后经过干燥，形成以尼龙及碳纳米管为岛，厚度为3.0mm超细纤维吸波材料；The ironing cloth is sent into the immersion liquid adjustment tank immersion liquid, and the immersion and pressing are performed three times in succession; then the coating liquid is applied by a coating machine, and then applied, and then DMF-water wet method is solidified, and after solidification is completed, 95 ° C is performed. Washing at high temperature, washing off residual DMF to form a absorbing coating with microporous structure; then extracting the sea component polyethylene with toluene at a temperature of 95 ° C in the extraction tank, and then drying to form nylon and carbon nanotubes as islands , a thickness of 3.0mm microfiber absorbing material;
所述浸渍液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份、配二甲基甲酰胺60份、改性有机硅助剂2份、导电乙炔炭黑15份和阻燃剂20份；The ratio of the mass ratio of the immersion liquid is: 100 parts of urethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 2 parts of modified silicone auxiliaries, 15 parts of conductive acetylene black and 20 parts of flame retardant;
所述涂覆液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份，二甲基甲酰胺40份，改性有机硅助剂2份，十八醇-80 2份，铁硅铝粉80份，氮磷类阻燃剂10份；The mass ratio of the coating liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 2 parts of modified silicone auxiliary agent, 80 parts of octadecyl alcohol, 80 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, nitrogen and phosphorus 10 parts of flame retardant;
聚氨酯树脂，为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚碳型或共聚型。The polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type.

Claims (2)

  1. 一种超细纤维复合吸波材料，其特征在于：包括超细吸波无纺布层、浸渍层和涂覆层，超细吸波无纺布层上设有浸渍层，浸渍层上设有涂覆层；所述超细吸波无纺布层为尼龙-6、多壁碳纳米管和聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝针刺三维交联结构，所述浸渍层质量比例包括：聚氨酯树脂100份、配二甲基甲酰胺40-60份、泡孔调节剂0.2-2份、导电乙炔炭黑5-15份和阻燃剂3-20份；所述涂覆液质量比例包括：聚氨酯树脂100份，二甲基甲酰胺30-40份，泡孔调节剂0.5-2份，凝固调节助剂0.2-2份，铁硅铝粉20-80份，阻燃剂5-10份。An ultrafine fiber composite absorbing material, comprising: an ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer, an impregnating layer and a coating layer; the ultrafine absorbing wave non-woven layer is provided with an impregnating layer, and the impregnating layer is provided a coating layer; the ultra-fine wave-absorbing non-woven fabric layer is a nylon-6, multi-wall carbon nanotube and polyethylene mixed melt-spun needle-punched three-dimensional crosslinked structure, and the impregnated layer mass ratio comprises: 100 parts of polyurethane resin 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2-2 parts of cell regulator, 5-15 parts of conductive acetylene black and 3-20 parts of flame retardant; the mass ratio of the coating liquid includes: polyurethane resin 100 Parts, 30-40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5-2 parts of cell regulator, 0.2-2 parts of coagulation regulating agent, 20-80 parts of iron silicon aluminum powder, and 5-10 parts of flame retardant.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种超细纤维复合吸波材料制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：The method for preparing a superfine fiber composite absorbing material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
    (1)、超细吸波无纺布加工：(1), ultra-fine absorbing non-woven fabric processing:
    将质量比40-52％的尼龙-6、5-15％的多壁碳纳米管和33-55％的聚乙烯混合熔融纺丝，形成以尼龙-6及多壁碳纳米管为岛，聚乙烯为海的非定岛海岛纤维长丝，对非定岛海岛纤维长丝进行卷曲、上油、干燥、切断处理，得到长度为30-50mm的超细纤维短纤；将超细纤维短纤由称重式喂入机进行计量进入粗开松机，经初步混合开松后由风机打入多仓喂棉器，并由底部输送带送入精开松机进行进一步的混合开松，再经风机送入物料分离器中，物料分离器中的混合纤维经风机送入簇绒式落棉机，在其中形成横向和纵向均匀的喂棉层，然后进入梳理机进行梳理，形成两层纤网，重叠后进入铺网机，铺叠成6-20层，经6台经针刺机针刺成为重量300-690g/m 2的三维交联的吸波超细无纺布；吸波超细无纺布进行烫平，制成厚度为1.2-2.8mm、密度为0.25-0.3g/m 2的烫平布； Mixing and spinning 40-52% nylon-6, 5-15% multi-walled carbon nanotubes and 33-55% polyethylene to form nylon-6 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as islands Ethylene is a non-fixed island fiber filament of the sea, which is subjected to crimping, oiling, drying and cutting of non-Dingdao island fiber filaments to obtain microfiber staple fibers having a length of 30-50 mm; It is metered into the rough opening machine by the weighing feeder. After the preliminary mixing and opening, the fan is driven into the multi-storage feeder, and the bottom conveyor belt is sent to the fine opening machine for further mixing and opening. The fan is fed into the material separator, and the mixed fiber in the material separator is sent to the tufting type cotton machine through the fan to form a horizontal and vertical uniform feeding layer, and then enters the carding machine for combing to form two layers of fiber. The net, after overlapping, enters the paving machine, is laid up into 6-20 layers, and is needle-punched by 6 needle punching machines into a three-dimensional cross-linked absorbing ultra-fine non-woven fabric with a weight of 300-690 g/m 2 ; The fine non-woven fabric is ironed to form a flat cloth having a thickness of 1.2-2.8 mm and a density of 0.25-0.3 g/m 2 ;
    (2)、超细纤维复合吸波材料加工：(2) Processing of microfiber composite absorbing materials:
    将烫平布送入浸渍液调整槽浸渍液内，连续进行3次浸渍、压榨；然后通过涂覆机刮涂涂敷液，涂敷后进行DMF-水湿法凝固，凝固完成后进行60-95℃高温水洗，洗掉残留DMF，形成具有微细孔结构的吸波涂层；再在抽出槽使用温度为60-95℃的甲苯抽出海组分聚乙烯，形成以尼龙及碳纳米管为岛，厚度为1.2-3.0mm超细纤维吸波材料；The ironing cloth is sent into the immersion liquid adjustment tank immersion liquid, and the immersion and pressing are performed three times in succession; then the coating liquid is applied by a coating machine, and then applied, and then DMF-water wet method is solidified, and after solidification is completed, 60- Washing at a high temperature of 95 ° C, washing off the residual DMF to form a absorbing coating with a fine pore structure; then extracting the sea component polyethylene with toluene at a temperature of 60-95 ° C in the extraction tank to form a nylon and carbon nanotube island , a 1.2-3.0mm thick microfiber absorbing material;
    所述浸渍液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份、配二甲基甲酰胺40-60份、泡孔调节剂0.2-2份、导电乙炔炭黑5-15份和阻燃剂3-20份，浸渍液中导电乙炔炭黑的固含量达到10-30％；The ratio of the mass ratio of the impregnation liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40-60 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.2-2 parts of cell regulator, 5-15 parts of conductive acetylene black and flame retardant 3-20 The solid content of the conductive acetylene carbon black in the immersion liquid reaches 10-30%;
    所述涂覆液的配料质量比例为：聚氨酯树脂100份，二甲基甲酰胺30-40份，泡孔调节剂0.5-2份，凝固调节助剂0.2-2份，铁硅铝粉20-80份，阻燃剂5-10份；The ratio of the mass ratio of the coating liquid is: 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30-40 parts of dimethylformamide, 0.5-2 parts of cell regulator, 0.2-2 parts of solidification regulating agent, and iron silicon aluminum powder 20- 80 parts, 5-10 parts of flame retardant;
    所述聚氨酯树脂，为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚碳型或共聚型；The polyurethane resin is a polyester type, a polyether type, a polycarbon type or a copolymer type;
    所述凝固调节助剂为十八醇-80；The coagulation regulating aid is octadecyl alcohol-80;
    所述泡孔调节剂为改性有机硅助剂；The cell regulator is a modified silicone auxiliary;
    所述阻燃剂为磷酸酯类或氮磷类。The flame retardant is a phosphate or a nitrogen phosphorus.
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