WO2019148862A1 - 植物种植装置以及植物种植方法 - Google Patents

植物种植装置以及植物种植方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019148862A1
WO2019148862A1 PCT/CN2018/107698 CN2018107698W WO2019148862A1 WO 2019148862 A1 WO2019148862 A1 WO 2019148862A1 CN 2018107698 W CN2018107698 W CN 2018107698W WO 2019148862 A1 WO2019148862 A1 WO 2019148862A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
illuminance
illumination
plant
value
unit
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PCT/CN2018/107698
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵青杨
秦清
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
京东方光科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 京东方光科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP18859943.5A priority Critical patent/EP3747256A4/en
Priority to US16/338,919 priority patent/US11337376B2/en
Publication of WO2019148862A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019148862A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/249—Lighting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A01G9/023—Multi-tiered planters

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a plant growing device and a plant growing method.
  • Illumination is one of the most basic conditions required for plant growth, and plants can grow normally only in the presence of light.
  • plants are able to synthesize sugar and water to synthesize sugar in the presence of light, which is the basis of plant life activities, and this process is called photosynthesis.
  • Different plants require different light intensities for photosynthesis.
  • planting can be carried out using natural light or artificial light.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a plant planting apparatus comprising: a frame body including at least one plant planting layer; and a lighting unit disposed in at least one of the plant planting layers to illuminate the light emitted by the planting layer a plant grown in the planting layer; an illuminance detecting unit configured to detect the illuminance in the planting layer to obtain an illuminance measurement value; the plant growing device further comprising a control unit configured to acquire the illuminance measurement value, and according to the The illuminance measurement adjusts the illumination intensity of the illumination unit.
  • the plant growing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a storage unit, wherein the storage unit stores a target illuminance value.
  • the target illuminance value includes an illuminance maximum value and an illuminance minimum value
  • the control unit is configured to acquire an illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit, and The illuminance measurement value is compared with the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value, and the illumination intensity of the illumination unit is adjusted according to the comparison result.
  • the plant growing layer includes a plurality of the lighting units, and a plurality of the lighting units are distributed in the plant growing layer.
  • the plant growing layer includes a plurality of the illuminance detecting units, and the plurality of illuminance detecting units are distributed in the plant growing layer.
  • the plant planting layer includes a plant placement rack
  • the plant placement rack has a rectangular shape
  • a plurality of the lighting units are uniformly disposed in the plant planting layer
  • a plurality of the illumination detecting units are uniformly disposed on the plant placement rack along a diagonal line of the plant placement rack.
  • the plant planting layer includes a plurality of regions, and the plurality of the illuminance detecting units and the plurality of the lighting units are evenly distributed in the respective regions.
  • the lighting unit includes one or more of an LED lamp, a fluorescent lamp, and an incandescent lamp.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a plant growing apparatus comprising a plurality of layers of the plant growing layer.
  • the plant planting apparatus provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a top plant planting layer disposed on the at least one plant growing layer, and the top plant planting layer is not provided with a lighting unit and an illuminance detecting unit.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a plant growing method, comprising: irradiating a plant planted in at least one plant planting layer with a lighting unit; detecting illumination of the plant in the plant planting layer, and obtaining an illuminance measurement value; The illuminance measurement adjusts the illumination intensity of the illumination unit.
  • the planting method provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: setting a target illuminance value, comparing the illuminance measurement with the target illuminance value, and further adjusting an illumination intensity of the lighting unit.
  • the setting target illuminance value includes setting an illuminance maximum value and an illuminance minimum value of the plant; acquiring an illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit, and The illuminance measurement value is compared with the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value, and then the illumination intensity of the illumination unit is adjusted according to the comparison result.
  • adjusting the illumination intensity of the illumination unit to the illuminance measurement value of the illumination detection unit corresponding to the illumination unit is located at the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value. Within the range.
  • a plurality of illuminance detecting units are used to detect illumination received by plants in the plant growing layer, and illuminance measurement values of the plurality of illuminance detecting units are acquired;
  • the illuminance measurement values of the illuminance detecting unit are all within the interval range of the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value, the adjustment of the illumination intensity of the illumination unit is stopped.
  • a plurality of illuminance detecting units are used to detect illumination received by plants in the plant planting layer, and illuminance measurement values of the plurality of illuminance detecting units are acquired;
  • the illuminance measurement value is compared with the minimum illuminance measurement value to obtain a first difference value, and when the first difference value is less than or equal to the preset difference value, the illumination intensity of the illumination unit is no longer adjusted;
  • the difference is greater than the preset difference, the average value of each illuminance measurement value is calculated, and the maximum illuminance measurement value and the minimum illuminance measurement value are respectively compared with the average value to obtain a second difference respectively.
  • a value and a third difference when the second difference is greater than the third difference, reducing an illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the maximum illumination measurement value; when the second difference is less than or equal to the third difference, Increasing illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the minimum illuminance measurement value; until a first difference between the maximum illuminance measurement value and the minimum illuminance measurement value of the illuminance measurement values of the plurality of illuminance detection units is small Equals the preset difference value.
  • the at least one plant planting layer is evenly divided into a plurality of regions, and in each region, the plant is illuminated by the illumination unit, and the illumination unit is used to detect the illumination of the plant. Obtaining an illuminance measurement value and adjusting an illumination intensity of the illumination unit according to the illuminance measurement value.
  • the illumination intensity of the lighting unit is adjusted in real time according to the illuminance measurement value.
  • the lighting unit includes one or more of an LED lamp, a fluorescent lamp, and an incandescent lamp.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a plant planting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C are schematic diagrams showing a connection relationship of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 2A is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of multiple lighting units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 2B is a schematic diagram of setting up multiple illumination detecting units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of multiple lighting units according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of setting up multiple illumination detecting units according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of multiple lighting units according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 4B is a schematic diagram of setting up multiple illumination detecting units according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of multiple lighting units according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of setting of multiple illumination detecting units according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for planting a plant according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for planting a plant according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a plant growing method according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure found in the research that at present, when planting with pure natural light, the illumination required by the plant depends entirely on the supply of sunlight, so that ordinary planting equipment can only grow one layer of vegetables, and the planting method requires more land resources. Large and low land utilization.
  • pure artificial light is used for planting, the power consumption for pure artificial light is large, and the spectrum of artificial light is difficult to achieve the full spectrum of natural light, so it also has an adverse effect on plant growth and development.
  • multi-planting can be used to provide illumination for the growth of plants by using natural light plus artificial light, but in the process, if the illumination of the plants is uneven, it will affect the same batch of plants. The growth rate, the plants that are exposed to sufficient light grow faster, and the plants that are under-lighted are slower, resulting in inconsistent plant growth rates in the same batch.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a plant planting apparatus including a frame body, a lighting unit, an illuminance detecting unit, and a control unit.
  • the frame body comprises at least one plant planting layer;
  • the lighting unit is disposed in at least one plant planting layer to illuminate the plants grown in the plant planting layer;
  • the illuminance detecting unit is configured to detect the plant planting layer The illuminance, the illuminance measurement is obtained;
  • the control unit is configured to acquire the illuminance measurement and adjust the illumination intensity of the illumination unit according to the illuminance measurement.
  • a plant growing method includes: irradiating a plant planted in at least one plant planting layer with a lighting unit; detecting light received by the plant in the plant planting layer to obtain an illuminance measurement value; The measured value adjusts the illumination intensity of the lighting unit.
  • the plant planting apparatus includes a frame body 101, a lighting unit, an illuminance detecting unit, and a control unit.
  • the frame body 101 includes at least one plant growing layer 102; the lighting unit is disposed in at least one of the plant growing layers 102 to enable light emitted by the planting layer 102 to be irradiated; the illuminance detecting unit is configured to detect planting The illuminance in the layer gives an illuminance measurement; the control unit is configured to acquire the illuminance measurement and adjust the illumination intensity of the illumination unit based on the illuminance measurement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plant planting apparatus including four layers (including the top layer 102a) of the plant growing layer 102 provided by the embodiment.
  • the plant growing layer 102 may also be, for example, one layer or two layers. , three layers, five layers, etc., the number of layers of the plant planting device is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the multi-layer plant planting layer arrangement can improve the space utilization rate, so that more plants can be planted in the same space, thereby improving productivity.
  • the illumination unit can be used as an artificial light replenishing device to provide supplemental illumination to the plant under the condition that the natural light received by the plant is insufficient, so that the plant can receive the full spectrum of natural illumination on the other hand, and on the other hand Allows plants to receive supplemental light in situations where natural light is not sufficient.
  • the frame body 101 can be made of a metal material, a wood, a plastic, or the like, or a combination thereof, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the plant growing layer 102 in the frame 101 can be separated by a plant placement rack 1021, and the plants are planted above the plant placement rack 1021.
  • the lighting unit may, for example, be disposed above the plant growing layer 102 such that light emitted by the planting layer 102 can be illuminated to the plant, for example, the lighting unit can be disposed on the lower surface of the plant placement rack 1021 for the upper or top layer to cause the lighting unit to emit Light can be irradiated to the plants in the plant growing layer 102 below the plant placement rack 1021, or the lighting unit can be secured over the plant growing layer 102 by a securing mechanism, such as a bracket.
  • the illumination unit is, for example, a point light source, a line source or a surface light source, and the like, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the illumination unit 103 is, for example, a line light source and is disposed at a central position of the lower surface of the plant placement rack 1021 of each planting layer so that the light emitted therefrom can be irradiated to be implanted under it. plant.
  • the illuminance detecting unit may be disposed around the plant grown in the plant growing layer 102, for example, on the upper surface of the present plant placing rack 1021 or fixed around the plant by a fixing device (for example, a bracket) to detect the plant being subjected to Light intensity.
  • the illuminance detecting unit 104 can be disposed, for example, at a center position of the upper surface of the plant placement rack 1021.
  • the illuminance detecting unit can be moved, for example, so that the illuminance detecting unit can be moved to a desired position as needed.
  • the illuminance detecting unit can be moved by manual movement or by, for example, a guide rail or the like.
  • control unit may be configured to acquire an illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit and adjust an illumination intensity of the lighting unit according to the illuminance measurement value.
  • the control unit can be any type of controller, such as a microcontroller, a single chip microcomputer, a programmable logic controller (PLC), a personal computer, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • the control unit 105 may be disposed at any suitable location on the frame 101 and signally connected to the illumination unit 103 and the illumination detection unit 104 in the plant growing device by wired or wireless means as long as the plant is not affected. Planting can be. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • control unit 105 may not be disposed on the frame 101, but may be disposed at a position convenient for the grower to operate, such as in a planter's workroom, and the control unit 105 may signal by wire or wirelessly.
  • the lighting unit 103 and the illuminance detecting unit 104 are connected to the plant growing device to facilitate the planter to regulate the plant growing device.
  • the plant planting apparatus provided in the present embodiment can adjust the illumination intensity of the illumination unit that illuminates the plant according to the light intensity received by the plant, so that the plant can be exposed to the target intensity.
  • each plant can be given substantially the same light, so that the growth rate of each plant is basically the same.
  • the plant growing device may further include a storage unit for storing the target illuminance value, and of course, for storing other data or programs and the like.
  • the storage unit may be any form of storage medium, such as a magnetic storage medium (such as a hard disk), an optical storage medium (such as CD, DVD or Blu-ray, etc.) or a semiconductor storage medium (such as RAM, flash memory, resistive memory, etc.). This embodiment does not limit this.
  • the storage unit 106 can be disposed, for example, in the control unit.
  • the target illuminance value stored by the storage unit may include an illuminance maximum value and an illuminance minimum value; at this time, the control unit is configured to acquire the illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit, and compare the illuminance measurement value with the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value. Compare and then adjust the illumination intensity of the lighting unit based on the comparison.
  • the target illuminance values of different plants may be different, so the storage unit may store target illuminance values for a variety of plants, such as storing illuminance maxima and illuminance minima for a variety of plants. Therefore, the desired target illuminance value can be obtained according to the type of plant to be planted.
  • control unit may be configured to adjust the illumination intensity of the illumination unit to an illumination measurement value of the illumination detection unit corresponding to the illumination unit within a range of the illumination maximum value and the illumination minimum value. That is, the control unit may be configured to: when the illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit is greater than the illuminance maximum value of the corresponding plant, reduce the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the illuminance detecting unit; when the illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit is smaller than the illuminance of the corresponding plant At the minimum value, the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the illumination detection unit is increased. For example, the control unit increases or decreases the illumination intensity of the illumination unit by the same amount each time. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned adjustment can make the illumination intensity of the plant within a certain range, so that the plant can be illuminated by the target intensity.
  • the plant growing layer 102 can include a plurality of lighting units distributed in the plant growing layer 102, such as a uniformly dispersed arrangement.
  • the plant growing layer 102 may also include a plurality of illuminance detecting units, which are also distributed in the plant growing layer 102, such as a uniformly dispersed arrangement.
  • a plurality of lighting units and a plurality of illuminance detecting units can be used together to implement illumination and detection, so that a plurality of plants planted in the planting layer can be subjected to target strength. illumination.
  • the planting layer 102 may include a plurality of regions, for example including a plurality of regions uniformly distributed, and the plurality of illuminance detecting units and the plurality of illuminating units are evenly distributed in the respective regions; thus, in each region, the illuminance detecting unit detects the same The intensity of the light in the area, the illuminance measurement is obtained.
  • the illuminance detecting unit in each area can detect the illuminance of the area where the area is located, and the control unit can thereby adjust the illumination intensity of the lighting unit in the area, thereby realizing the sub-area adjustment, thereby making the illumination intensity of the whole plant planting layer. The adjustment is more accurate.
  • the respective illuminance detecting units may be respectively disposed corresponding to the respective lighting units.
  • the correspondence in the embodiment may be a positive correspondence, a proximity setting, or a boundary position disposed in each illumination unit illumination area.
  • the illuminance detecting unit can detect the light intensity of the illumination unit corresponding thereto that is irradiated into the plant growing layer.
  • the plant planting layer includes a plant placement rack
  • the plant placement rack may have a rectangular shape
  • a plurality of illumination units are evenly disposed in the plant planting layer
  • the plurality of illumination detecting units are evenly disposed on the plant along a diagonal line of the plant placement rack.
  • the illuminance detecting unit may not be disposed at the position, thereby reducing the number of illuminance detecting units and saving costs.
  • adjacent plant growing layers 102 are separated by a rectangular plant placement rack 1021.
  • the plant placement rack 1021 is evenly divided into three regions: a first region 10, a second region 20, and a third region 30.
  • each area is provided with a lighting unit, such as a line light source, and is disposed at a central portion of each area of the plant placement rack 1021.
  • each area is provided with an illuminance detecting unit.
  • the illuminance detecting unit is disposed on a surface of each region of the plant placement rack 1021 in which the illuminance detecting unit is disposed at an upper position (relative to the positional orientation in FIG.
  • the illuminance detecting unit is disposed at an intermediate position, and in the third region 30, the illuminance detecting unit is disposed at a lower position; the three illuminance detecting units are uniformly disposed in the three regions substantially along one diagonal of the plant placing frame 1021.
  • the illuminance measurement value measured by the illuminance detecting unit disposed at the upper position of the first region 10 is To some extent, it can also reflect the light intensity at the position of the third region 30 which is symmetric with the position of the first region 10; similarly, the illuminance measurement measured by the illumination detecting unit set at the lower position of the third region 30 The value can also reflect the illumination intensity at the position of the first region 10 which is symmetrical with the position of the third region 30 to a certain extent, so that the illumination intensity at multiple locations can be evaluated by the three illumination detection units. .
  • the number of the illumination unit and the illumination detection unit and the installation position may also be other forms.
  • the plant placement rack 1021 is evenly divided into three regions, each of which is provided, for example, with two illumination units 103, and two illumination units 103 are evenly distributed in each region.
  • two illuminance detecting units 104 are provided for each area, for example, in each area, the illuminance detecting unit 104 is provided corresponding to the lighting unit, for example, the illuminance detecting unit 104 may be set for the lighting unit, It can also be placed in the vicinity of the lighting unit.
  • only one illuminance detecting unit 104 may be provided for each area, and the illuminance detecting unit 104 may also adopt an arrangement manner as shown in FIG. 3B, for example.
  • the plant placement rack 1021 is evenly divided into four regions: a first region 10, a second region 20, a third region 30, and a fourth region 40.
  • the illumination unit is, for example, a point source, and the point source is evenly distributed.
  • the point sources in adjacent two regions are staggered.
  • three point light sources are uniformly disposed in the first region 10, two point light sources are uniformly disposed in the second region 20, and two point light sources disposed in the second region are in the first region
  • the three point sources are staggered, and the points of the third area 30 and the fourth area 40 are the same as the first area 10 and the second area 20, respectively.
  • FIG. 5A three point light sources are uniformly disposed in the first region 10
  • two point light sources are uniformly disposed in the second region 20
  • two point light sources disposed in the second region are in the first region
  • the three point sources are staggered, and the points of the third area 30 and the fourth area 40 are the same as the first area 10 and the second area 20, respectively.
  • one illuminance detecting unit is disposed in each of the four regions, and the four illuminance detecting units are uniformly disposed in the four regions substantially along one diagonal of the plant placement rack 1021.
  • an illuminance detecting unit may be correspondingly arranged for each lighting unit.
  • the corresponding setting relationship between the illumination unit and the illuminance detecting unit can be selected and adjusted according to requirements, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the division of the area in the plant placement frame 1021 may be along the width direction of the rectangular plant placement frame 1021, or may be divided along the length direction and the width direction of the rectangular plant placement frame 1021.
  • the embodiment does not limit this.
  • the illumination unit is a line source
  • the direction in which the line source extends may also be along the width direction of the plant placement frame 1021, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • each plant can also be realized by other means, for example, by hanging the plant and the like, and adjusting the position of the plant by the length of the hanging rope, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • control unit may be configured to acquire illumination measurement values of the plurality of illumination detection units, and adjust illumination intensity of the plurality of illumination units, so that the illumination unit
  • the illuminance measurement values of the corresponding one or more illuminance detecting units are within the range of the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value.
  • the control unit stops adjusting the illumination intensity of the illumination unit.
  • the control unit can, for example, be configured to make a difference between the maximum illuminance measurement and the smallest illuminance measurement to obtain a first difference.
  • the control unit no longer adjusts the illumination intensity of the illumination unit.
  • the control unit is configured to reduce the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the region of the largest illuminance measurement value.
  • the control unit is configured to increase the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the minimum illuminance measurement value until the maximum
  • the first difference between the illuminance measurement and the minimum illuminance measurement is less than or equal to the preset difference, such that the illumination intensity of the plants in different planting layers or in different regions of each planting layer is adjusted to within the target intensity range.
  • the illumination intensity of the lighting unit can be adjusted by adjusting the intensity of the current flowing in the lighting unit. For example, each time the current intensity in the lighting unit is increased or decreased by the same amount, for example, each adjustment causes the current intensity in the lighting unit to be increased or decreased by 10 mA, and the detection of the illuminance is performed again after each adjustment.
  • the preset difference can be set to 0-300 lux, such as 30 lux, 50 lux, 100 lux, 150 lux or 200 lux, etc., the preset difference can be selected according to the type of plant and the need for uniformity of illumination. This embodiment does not limit this.
  • control unit can be configured to adjust the illumination intensity of the lighting unit in real time to ensure uniformity of illumination intensity in the plant growing layer.
  • the illuminance detecting unit may be any form of illumination detecting device, such as a light sensor or the like; the lighting unit may be an illumination device such as an LED lamp, a fluorescent lamp or an incandescent lamp, for example, including an LED lamp, a fluorescent lamp, and an incandescent lamp.
  • the illumination unit may include LED lamps whose emission colors are different from each other, such that light of different colors (for example, red light, green light, blue light, etc.) are mixed with each other to obtain white light, while allowing adjustment of intensity of components of different colors in white light, etc. parameter.
  • the wavelength of the light emitted by the illumination unit may be adjusted, for example, for example, adjusting the wavelength range of the light emitted by the illumination unit to be substantially the same as the sunlight;
  • the growth of some plants requires blue light having a wavelength ranging from 380 to 510 nm and red light having a wavelength ranging from 610 to 780 nm, at which time the wavelength of light emitted by the illumination unit can be adjusted to the desired range.
  • the multi-layer planting layer of the plant planting device uniformly distributes the plurality of illumination detecting units and the plurality of lighting units, and the control unit can respectively adjust the lighting intensity of the lighting unit in each planting layer to different values.
  • the control unit can adjust the illumination intensity of the lighting units in each layer to the light intensity required for the plants grown in each layer.
  • the control unit can also adjust the illumination intensity of the lighting unit in each planting layer to the same value at the same time.
  • the control unit is configured to acquire each illuminance detecting unit in each layer. The measured values are adjusted and the individual lighting units in each layer are adjusted to achieve uniformity of illumination intensity throughout the planting device.
  • the plant planting device can be placed outdoors, and the top plant planting layer included in the plant planting device can be irradiated with plants planted on the top layer by sunlight without providing a lighting unit and/or an illuminance detecting unit.
  • the plant growing device can also be placed indoors, for example, in a glass greenhouse, in which case the top planting layer included in the plant growing device can simultaneously set the lighting unit and the illumination detecting unit, and the control unit is also configured to the top plant.
  • the lighting unit of the planting layer is adjusted so that the illumination of each planting layer reaches the required intensity.
  • Planting with the plant growing device provided by the present embodiment allows the plant to obtain a target intensity of illumination.
  • the plants planted can obtain light of substantially the same intensity, so that the growth rate of the plants is basically the same, the product quality is improved, and the product sorting cost is reduced.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of planting a plant, comprising: irradiating a plant planted in at least one plant planting layer with a lighting unit; detecting light received by the plant in the plant planting layer to obtain an illuminance measurement value; The illuminance measurement adjusts the illumination intensity of the lighting unit.
  • the method provided in this embodiment specifically includes:
  • Step S101 irradiating a plant planted in at least one plant planting layer with a lighting unit.
  • plants can be planted in plant planting plants with multiple planting layers. Due to the possible occlusion between plants, the plants in the underlying planting layer may not be illuminated enough to meet their needs. Growth requirements, at which point the plant can be illuminated with a lighting unit to achieve sufficient illumination.
  • the illumination unit may be an illumination device such as an LED lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or an incandescent lamp, and includes one or more of an LED lamp, a fluorescent lamp, and an incandescent lamp, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the illumination unit may include LED lamps whose emission colors are different from each other, such that light of different colors (for example, red light, green light, blue light, etc.) are mixed with each other to obtain white light, while allowing adjustment of intensity of components of different colors in white light, etc. parameter.
  • the wavelength of light emitted by the illumination unit may be adjusted, for example, adjusting the wavelength range of light emitted by the illumination unit to be substantially the same as sunlight; for example; Some plants require blue light with a wavelength range of 380-510 nm and red light with a wavelength range of 610-780 nm. At this time, the wavelength of light emitted by the illumination unit can be adjusted to the desired range.
  • Step S102 Detecting illumination of plants in the planting layer to obtain illuminance measurement values.
  • the illuminance detecting unit may be used to detect the plants at different locations.
  • the light intensity is used to judge whether the light emitted by each lighting unit satisfies the needs of the plant.
  • the illuminance detecting unit may be any type of illumination detecting device, such as a light sensor, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step S103 Adjust the illumination intensity of the illumination unit according to the illuminance measurement value.
  • the target illuminance value can be set, and the illuminance measurement value is compared with the target illuminance value, thereby adjusting the illumination intensity of the illumination unit.
  • setting the target illuminance value may include setting the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value of the plant; then acquiring the illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit, and comparing the illuminance measurement value with the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value. Compare and then adjust the illumination intensity of the lighting unit based on the comparison.
  • different target illuminance values can be set for different plants, so that the desired target illuminance value can be obtained according to the type of plant to be planted.
  • the illumination intensity of the illumination unit can be adjusted until the illuminance measurement value of the illumination detection unit corresponding to the illumination unit is within the interval range of the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value.
  • the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the illuminance detecting unit is reduced; when the illuminance measurement value of the illuminance detecting unit is smaller than the corresponding plant
  • the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the illuminance detecting unit is increased.
  • the magnitude of the illumination intensity of the lighting unit is increased or decreased each time.
  • At least one plant planting layer is evenly divided into a plurality of regions, and the illumination unit is used to illuminate the plants in each region, and the illumination unit is used to detect the illumination received by the plant, the illuminance measurement value is obtained, and then the illumination unit is adjusted according to the illuminance measurement value.
  • the intensity of the illumination is adjusted according to the illuminance measurement value.
  • a plurality of illuminance detecting units may respectively detect illumination of plants in different plant planting layers or in different regions of each planting layer, and obtain illuminance measurement values of the plurality of illuminance detecting units; when illuminance of the plurality of illuminance detecting units When the measured values are within the range of the illuminance maximum and the illuminance minimum, the illumination intensity of the illumination unit is stopped.
  • the interval between the illuminance maximum value and the illuminance minimum value at this time is used. Larger, and the plants planted are more sensitive to light, so the illumination intensity of each lighting unit can be further adjusted when the plants in different planting layers or in different areas of each planting layer are required to have higher illumination uniformity. . For example, the difference between the largest illuminance measurement and the minimum illuminance measurement is obtained to obtain a first difference. When the first difference is less than or equal to the preset difference, the illumination intensity of the illumination unit is no longer adjusted.
  • the third difference when the second difference is greater than the third difference, that is, the maximum illuminance measurement has a large difference from the average value, and the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the maximum illuminance measurement value can be reduced.
  • the second difference is less than or equal to the third difference, that is, the minimum illuminance measurement has a large difference from the average value, and the illumination intensity of the illumination unit corresponding to the minimum illuminance measurement value can be increased at this time.
  • Up to a first difference between the maximum illuminance measurement value and the minimum illuminance measurement value in the illuminance measurement values of the plurality of illuminance detecting units is less than or equal to a preset difference value, thereby causing different plant planting layers or different regions of each plant planting layer
  • the light intensity of the plant is adjusted to within the target intensity range.
  • the preset difference value may be set to 0-300 lux, for example, 30 lux, 50 lux, 100 lux, 150 lux, or 200 lux, etc., and the preset difference may be selected according to the type of the plant and the requirement for uniformity of illumination, this embodiment There is no limit to this.
  • the illumination intensity of the lighting unit can be adjusted in real time based on the illuminance measurement to ensure uniformity of illumination intensity in the planting layer.
  • control unit may be any type of controller, such as a microcontroller, a single chip microcomputer, a programmable logic controller (PLC), a personal computer, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • a storage unit can be employed to store the target illuminance value.
  • the storage unit may be any type of storage medium, such as a magnetic storage medium, an optical storage medium, or a semiconductor storage medium, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the storage medium can be provided, for example, in a controller.
  • Planting plants using the planting methods provided by the present disclosure can subject plants to light of a target intensity.
  • the plants can be given substantially the same intensity of light, so that the growth rate of the plants is basically the same.

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Abstract

一种植物种植装置以及植物种植方法。所述植物种植装置包括：架体（101），包括至少一层植物种植层（102）；照明单元（103），设置在至少一层植物种植层中以使其发出的光照射在植物种植层中种植的植物；照度检测单元（104），配置为检测植物种植层中的光照度，得到照度测量值；控制单元（105），配置为获取照度测量值，并且根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。所述植物种植方法，包括：采用照明单元照射种植在至少一层植物种植层中的植物；检测所述植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值；根据所述照度测量值调节所述照明单元的照明强度。所述植物种植装置和方法可以根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度，进而使种植的植物可以受到目标强度的光照。

Description

植物种植装置以及植物种植方法
本申请要求于2018年1月30日递交的中国专利申请第201810089673.7号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及一种植物种植装置以及植物种植方法。
背景技术
光照是植物生长所需的最基本的条件之一，只有在有光的条件下植物才能正常生长。通常来说，植物在有光的情况下能够将水和二氧化碳合成糖，从而获得养分，这是植物生命活动的基础，且这一过程称为光合作用。不同的植物进行光合作用所需的光强度不同。目前，可以利用自然光或人工光进行植物种植。
发明内容
本公开至少一实施例提供一种植物种植装置，包括：架体，包括至少一层植物种植层；照明单元，设置在至少一层所述植物种植层中以使其发出的光照射在所述植物种植层中种植的植物；照度检测单元，配置为检测所述植物种植层中的光照度，得到照度测量值；植物种植装置还包括控制单元，配置为获取所述照度测量值，并且根据所述照度测量值调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置，还包括存储单元，其中，所述存储单元存储目标照度值。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置中，所述目标照度值包括照度最大值和照度最小值；所述控制单元配置为获取所述照度检测单元的照度测量值，并将所述照度测量值与照度最大值和照度最小值相比较，根据比较结果调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置中，所述植物种植层包 括多个所述照明单元，多个所述照明单元分布在所述植物种植层中。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置中，所述植物种植层包括多个所述照度检测单元，多个所述照度检测单元分布在所述植物种植层中。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置中，所述植物种植层包括植物放置架，所述植物放置架呈矩形，多个所述照明单元均匀设置在所述植物种植层中，以及多个所述照度检测单元沿所述植物放置架的一个对角线均匀设置在所述植物放置架上。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置中，所述植物种植层包括多个区域，多个所述照度检测单元和多个所述照明单元均匀分布在各个区域中。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置中，所述照明单元包括LED灯、荧光灯和白炽灯中的一种或多种。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置，包括多层所述植物种植层。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植装置，还包括设置在所述至少一个植物种植层上的顶层植物种植层，所述顶层植物种植层未设置照明单元和照度检测单元。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种植物种植方法，包括：采用照明单元照射种植在至少一层植物种植层中的植物；检测所述植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值；根据所述照度测量值调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法，还包括：设定目标照度值，将所述照度测量与所述目标照度值相比较，进而调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法中，所述设定目标照度值包括设定植物的照度最大值和照度最小值；获取所述照度检测单元的照度测量值，并将所述照度测量值与照度最大值和照度最小值相比较，然后根据比较结果调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法中，调节照明单元的照明强度至该照明单元所对应的所述照度检测单元的照度测量值位于所述照度最大值和所述照度最小值的区间范围内。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法中，采用多个照度检测单元检测所述植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获取多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值；当多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值均位于所述照度最大值和所述照度最小值的区间范围内时，停止调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法中，采用多个照度检测单元检测所述植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获取多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值；将最大的照度测量值与最小的照度测量值做差值，得到第一差值，当所述第一差值小于等于预设差值时，不再调节所述照明单元的照明强度；当所述第一差值大于所述预设差值时，计算各照度测量值的平均值，并将所述最大的照度测量值和最小的照度测量值分别与所述平均值做差值，分别得到第二差值和第三差值，当第二差值大于第三差值时，降低所述最大的照度测量值对应的所述照明单元的照明强度；当第二差值小于等于第三差值时，提高所述最小的照度测量值对应的所述照明单元的照明强度；直至多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值中的最大照度测量值与最小照度测量值的第一差值小于等于所述预设差值。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法中，所述至少一层植物种植层均匀分为多个区域，在各个区域中，采用照明单元照射植物，采用照度检测单元检测植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值，并根据所述照度测量值调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法中，根据所述照度测量值实时调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的植物种植方法中，所述照明单元包括LED灯、荧光灯和白炽灯中的一种或多种。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1A为本公开一实施例提供的植物种植装置的示意图；
图1B和图1C为本公开一实施例提供的控制单元的连接关系的示意图；
图2A为本公开一实施例提供的多个照明单元的设置示意图；
图2B为本公开一实施例提供的多个照度检测单元的设置示意图；
图3A为本公开另一实施例提供的多个照明单元的设置示意图；
图3B为本公开另一实施例提供的多个照度检测单元的设置示意图；
图4A为本公开再一实施例提供的多个照明单元的设置示意图；
图4B为本公开再一实施例提供的多个照度检测单元的设置示意图；
图5A为本公开再另一实施例提供的多个照明单元的设置示意图；
图5B为本公开再另一实施例提供的多个照度检测单元的设置示意图；
图6为本公开一实施例提供的植物种植方法的流程图；
图7为本公开另一实施例提供的植物种植方法的流程图；
图8为本公开再一实施例提供的植物种植方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
由前面所述，不同的植物进行光合作用所需的光强不同。对于喜光的植物，在光线较强的条件下才能进行光合作用；一些耐阴植物，在光线很弱的环境中也能进行光合作用。通常来说，当在植物受到的光照强度较弱因此不足以满足光合作用的需求时，植物生长速度较慢，而足够的光照强度则有利于植物快速生长。快速生长对进行蔬菜种植的植物工厂等业务是很重要的。
本公开的发明人在研究中发现，目前在利用纯自然光进行植物种植时，植物所需的光照完全依靠阳光供给，因此普通的种植设备只能种植一层蔬菜，该种植方式对土地资源需求较大，并且土地利用率低。此外，若采用纯人工光进行植物种植，用于纯人工光的耗电量较大，并且人工光的光谱很难实现自然光的全光谱，因此也会对植物生长发育造成不良影响。在此情况下，例如可以采用多层种植的方式，利用自然光加人工光共同为植物的生长提供光照，但是在此过程中，若植物所受到的光照不均匀，则会影响同一批次植物的生长速度，受到充足光照的植物生长较快，而受到光照不足的植物生长较慢，导致同一批次种植的植物生长速度不一致。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种植物种植装置，包括架体、照明单元、照度检测单元以及控制单元。该架体包括至少一层植物种植层；该照明单元设置在至少一层植物种植层中以使其发出的光照射在植物种植层中种植的植物；该照度检测单元用于检测植物种植层中的光照度，得到照度测量值；该控制单元配置为获取照度测量值，并且根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。
本公开至少一实施例提供的一种植物种植方法，包括：采用照明单元照射种植在至少一层植物种植层中的植物；检测植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值；根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。
下面通过几个具体的实施例对本公开的植物种植装置以及植物种植方法进行说明。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种植物种植装置，如图1A所示，该植物种植装置包括架体101、照明单元、照度检测单元和控制单元。架体101包括至少一层植物种植层102；照明单元设置在至少一层植物种植层102中以使其发出的光能够照射在植物种植层102中种植的植物；照度检测单元用于检测植物种植层中的光照度，得到照度测量值；控制单元配置为获取照度测量值，并且根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。
例如，图1示出了本实施例提供的一种包括四层(包括顶层102a)植物种植层102的植物种植装置，在其他实施例中，植物种植层102例如也可以为一层、两层、三层、五层等，本实施例对植物种植装置的层数不做限定。本实施例中，多层植物种植层设置可以提高空间利用率，使相同空间内可以种植更多的植物，从而提高生产率。
本实施例中，照明单元可以作为人工光补给装置，在植物受到的自然光照射不充分的情况下可以为植物提供补充光照，一方面使植物能接受到全光谱的自然光照，另一方面也能使植物在自然光照不够的情况下获得补充光照。
本实施例中，架体101例如可以采用金属材料、木材、塑料等或其组合，本实施例对此不做限定。
例如，如图1所示，架体101中的植物种植层102可以通过植物放置架1021分隔开，植物种植在植物放置架1021上方。照明单元例如可以设置在植物种植层102的上方以使其发出的光能够照射到植物，例如照明单元可以设置在用于上一层或顶层的植物放置架1021的下表面以使照明单元发出的光能够照射到该植物放置架1021之下的植物种植层102中的植物，或者照明单元可以通过一个固定机构(例如支架)固定在植物种植层102的上方。照明单元例如可以是点光源、线光源或面光源等，本实施例对此不做限定。如图2A所示，本示例中，照明单元103例如是线光源并设置在每一植物种植层的植物放置架1021下表面的中心位置，从而使其发出的光能够照射到种植在其下方的植物。
例如，照度检测单元可以设置在植物种植层102中所种植的植物的周围，例如设置在本层植物放置架1021的上表面或者通过一个固定装置(例如支架)固定在植物周围以检测植物所受到的光照强度。如图2B所示，本示例中，照度检测单元104例如可以设置在植物放置架1021上表面的中心位置。在其他实施例中，照度检测单元例如可以移动，因此可以根据需求将照度检测单元移动到所需的位置。例如，照度检测单元可以通过人工移动或通过例如导轨等方式移动。
例如，控制单元可以配置为获取照度检测单元的照度测量值，并且根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。该控制单元可以为任何形式的控制器，例如微控制器、单片机、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)、个人电脑等，本实施例对此不做限定。例如，如图1B所示，控制单元105可以设置在架体101上的任意合适位置，并且通过有线或无线方式信号连接到植物种植装置中的照明单元103和照度检测单元104，只要不影响植物的种植即可。例如，如图1C所示，控制单元105也可以不设置在架体101上，而是设置于种植人员方便操作的位置，例如种植人员的工作间内，并且控制单元105通过有 线或无线方式信号连接到植物种植装置中的照明单元103和照度检测单元104，从而方便种植人员对植物种植装置进行调控。
例如，本实施例提供的植物种植装置可以根据植物受到的光照强度来调节照射该植物的照明单元的照明强度，从而使植物可以受到目标强度的光照。当同一批次种植多棵植物时，可以使各植物获得基本相同的光照，从而使各植物的生长速度基本一致。
例如，本实施例中，植物种植装置还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元用于存储目标照度值，当然还可以用于存储其他数据或程序等。该存储单元可以为任何形式的存储介质，例如为磁性存储介质(例如硬盘)、光存储介质(例如CD、DVD或蓝光等)或半导体存储介质(例如RAM、闪存、阻变存储器等)等，本实施例对此不做限定。如图1B和图1C所示，存储单元106例如可以设置于控制单元中。
例如，存储单元所存储的目标照度值可以包括照度最大值和照度最小值；此时，控制单元配置为获取照度检测单元的照度测量值，并将照度测量值与照度最大值和照度最小值相比较，然后根据比较结果调节照明单元的照明强度。
例如，不同植物的目标照度值可以不同，因此存储单元可以存储多种植物的目标照度值，例如存储多种植物的照度最大值和照度最小值。因此，可以根据所种植植物的种类调取所需的目标照度值。
例如，控制单元可以配置为调节照明单元的照明强度至该照明单元所对应的照度检测单元的照度测量值位于照度最大值和照度最小值的区间范围内。即控制单元可以配置为，当照度检测单元的照度测量值大于对应植物的照度最大值时，降低该照度检测单元对应的照明单元的照明强度；当照度检测单元的照度测量值小于对应植物的照度最小值时，提高该照度检测单元对应的照明单元的照明强度。例如，控制单元每次提高或降低照明单元的照明强度的幅度相同。本实施例中，通过上述调节可以使植物受到的光照强度处于一个特定的区间范围内，从而使植物能够受到目标强度的光照。
例如，本实施例中，植物种植层102可以包括多个照明单元，该多个照明单元分布在植物种植层102中，例如均匀分散布置。例如，植物种植层102也可以相应地包括多个照度检测单元，该多个照度检测单元也分布在植物种植层102中，例如均匀分散布置。本实施例中，当植物种植层的种植面积较 大时，可以采用多个照明单元和多个照度检测单元共同实施照明和检测，使植物种植层中种植的多棵植物均能受到目标强度的光照。
例如，植物种植层102可以包括多个区域，例如包括均匀分布的多个区域，并且多个照度检测单元和多个照明单元均匀分布在各个区域中；从而在各个区域中，照度检测单元检测其所在区域的光强度，得到照度测量值。本实施例中，各区域中的照度检测单元可以检测其所在区域的光照度，控制单元因此可以调节该区域中照明单元的照明强度，从而实现分区域调节，进而使整个植物种植层中光照强度的调节更加准确。
例如，各个照度检测单元可以分别对应于各个照明单元而设置，需要注意的是，本实施例中的对应可以是正对应，也可以是临近设置，还可以是布置在各个照明单元照射区域的交界位置处，只要照度检测单元可以检测到与其对应的照明单元照射到植物种植层中的光强度即可。
例如，植物种植层包括植物放置架，该植物放置架可以呈矩形，多个照明单元均匀设置在所述植物种植层中，多个照度检测单元沿植物放置架的一个对角线均匀设置在植物放置架上。由于矩形的对称性，沿对角线设置的照度检测单元可以反映该照度检测单元设置处的光照强度的同时还可以在一定程度上反映出与该设置处对称的位置处的光照强度，从而对称位置处可以不设置照度检测单元，进而减少照度检测单元的设置数量，节约成本。
例如，本示例中，相邻的植物种植层102通过矩形的植物放置架1021隔开。例如，如图3A所示，植物放置架1021均匀分为三个区域：第一区域10、第二区域20和第三区域30。例如，每个区域均设置一个照明单元，该照明单元例如为线光源，且设置于植物放置架1021的每个区域的中心部位。例如，如图3B所示，每个区域均设置一个照度检测单元。例如，照度检测单元设置在植物放置架1021的每个区域的表面，在第一区域10中，照度检测单元设置在偏上位置(相对于图3B中的位置方位)，在第二区域20中，照度检测单元设置在中间位置，在第三区域30中，照度检测单元设置在偏下位置；三个照度检测单元基本沿植物放置架1021的一个对角线均匀设置在三个区域中。此时，由于第一区域10和第三区域30距离较近，且照明单元的设置是对称且均匀的，因此在第一区域10偏上位置设置的照度检测单元所测得的照度测量值在一定程度上还可以反映出与第一区域10偏上位置对称的第三区域30偏上位置处的光照强度；同理，第三区域30偏下位置设 置的照度检测单元所测得的照度测量值在一定程度上还可以反映出与第三区域30偏下位置对称的第一区域10偏下位置处的光照强度，从而通过三个照度检测单元即可完成对多个位置处光照强度的评估。
本实施例中，照明单元与照度检测单元的数量以及设置位置也可以为其他形式。例如，如图4A所示，植物放置架1021均匀分为三个区域，每个区域例如设置两个照明单元103，并且两个照明单元103均匀分布在每个区域中。例如，如图4B所示，每个区域例如设置两个照度检测单元104，例如，在各个区域中，照度检测单元104对应于照明单元而设置，例如照度检测单元104可以正对于照明单元设置，也可以设置在照明单元的附近。当然，本示例中，每个区域例如也可以只设置一个照度检测单元104，该照度检测单元104例如也可以采用如图3B所示的设置方式。
例如，如图5A所示，在另一个示例中，植物放置架1021均匀分为四个区域：第一区域10、第二区域20、第三区域30和第四区域40。本示例中，照明单元例如为点光源，并且该点光源均匀分布。例如，相邻两个区域中的点光源交错分布。例如，如图5A所示，在第一区域10中均匀设置三个点光源，在第二区域20中均匀设置两个点光源，并且第二区域中设置的两个点光源与第一区域中的三个点光源交错分布，第三区域30和第四区域40中点光源的设置分别与第一区域10和第二区域20相同。例如，如图5B所示，四个区域中均设置一个照度检测单元，并且四个照度检测单元基本沿植物放置架1021的一个对角线均匀设置在四个区域中。当然，为了提高植物种植层中光照强度的测量精度，也可以每一个照明单元均对应设置一个照度检测单元。本实施例中，照明单元与照度检测单元的对应设置关系可以根据需求进行选择与调整，本实施例对此不做限定。
需要注意的是，上述示例中，植物放置架1021中区域的划分也可以是沿矩形植物放置架1021的宽度方向，还可以是沿矩形植物放置架1021的长度方向和宽度方向均进行划分，本实施例对此不做限定。例如，当照明单元为线光源时，线光源的延伸方向也可以是沿植物放置架1021的宽度方向等，本实施例对此也不做限定。
需要注意的是，各植物存放层也可以通过其他方式实现，例如通过垂吊植物等方式，并通过垂吊绳的长短来调节植物的位置，本实施例对此不做限定。
本实施例中，当植物种植层中设置多个照明单元和照度检测单元时，控制单元可以配置为获取多个照度检测单元的照度测量值，并调节多个照明单元的照明强度，使得照明单元所对应的一个或多个照度检测单元的照度测量值位于照度最大值和照度最小值的区间范围内。
例如，当控制单元所获取的多个照度检测单元的照度测量值均位于照度最大值和照度最小值的区间范围内时，即多个照度检测单元的照度测量值均小于对应植物的照度最大值，并大于对应植物的照度最小值时，控制单元停止调节照明单元的照明强度。或者，当照度最大值和照度最小值的区间较大，而所种植的植物对光照较敏感，因此对各植物种植层中或者各植物种植层的各区域中的光照均匀性要求较高时，控制单元例如可以配置为将最大的照度测量值与最小的照度测量值做差值，得到第一差值。当第一差值小于等于预设差值(控制单元中预先设定的所允许的光照强度范围)时，控制单元不再调节照明单元的照明强度。当第一差值大于预设差值时，计算各个照度测量值的平均值，并将最大的照度测量值和最小的照度测量值分别与平均值做差值，分别得到第二差值和第三差值。当第二差值大于第三差值时，即最大的照度测量值与平均值相差较大，此时控制单元配置为降低最大的照度测量值对应区域的照明单元的照明强度。当第二差值小于等于第三差值时，即最小的照度测量值与平均值相差较大，此时控制单元配置为提高最小的照度测量值对应区域的照明单元的照明强度，直至最大的照度测量值与最小的照度测量值的第一差值小于等于预设差值，从而使不同植物种植层中或者各植物种植层的不同区域中的植物受到的光照强度调节至目标强度范围内。
例如，可以通过调节照明单元中流过的电流强度来调节照明单元的照明强度。例如，每次提高或降低照明单元中电流强度的大小相同，例如每次调节使照明单元中的电流强度提高或降低10mA，并且在每次调节后重新进行光照度的检测。
例如，该预设差值可以设定为0-300勒克斯(lux)，例如30lux、50lux、100lux、150lux或200lux等，该预设差值可以根据植物的种类以及对光照均匀性的需求进行选择，本实施例对此不做限定。
例如，控制单元可以配置为实时调节照明单元的照明强度以保证植物种植层中光照强度的均匀性。
例如，本实施例中，照度检测单元可以为任意形式的光照检测装置，例 如光传感器等；照明单元可以为LED灯、荧光灯或白炽灯等照明器件，例如包括LED灯、荧光灯和白炽灯中的一种或多种，本实施例对此不做限定。例如，照明单元可以包括发光颜色彼此不同的LED灯，从而这些不同颜色的光(例如红光、绿光和蓝光等)彼此混合得到白光，同时可以允许调整白光中不同颜色的组分的强度等参数。
例如，由于不同植物可能对不同波长的光的敏感度不同，本实施例中，照明单元所发出的光的波长例如可以调节，例如，调节照明单元所发出的光的波长范围与阳光基本相同；例如，一些植物的生长更需要波长范围在380-510nm的蓝光以及波长范围在610-780nm的红光，此时可以调节照明单元所发出的光的波长至该所需范围。
例如，植物种植装置的多层植物种植层都均匀分布多个照度检测单元和多个照明单元，控制单元可以分别调节每一植物种植层中的照明单元的照明强度至不同数值。例如，各植物种植层中种植不同的植物时，控制单元可以调节每一层中的照明单元的照明强度至各层中所种植的植物所需要的光照强度。例如控制单元也可以同时调节每一植物种植层中的照明单元的照明强度至同一数值，例如，各植物种植层中种植相同的植物时，控制单元配置为获取各层中的各个照度检测单元的测量值，并对各层中的各个照明单元进行调节，从而实现整个植物种植装置中照明强度的均一性。
例如，植物种植装置可以放置于室外，此时植物种植装置所包括的顶层植物种植层可以不设置照明单元和/或照度检测单元，而利用阳光照射种植在顶层的植物。例如，植物种植装置也可以放置于室内，例如放置于玻璃温室之中，此时植物种植装置所包括的顶层植物种植层可以同时设置照明单元和照度检测单元，并且控制单元还配置为对顶层植物种植层的照明单元进行调节，从而使各植物种植层的光照均达到所需的强度。
利用本实施提供的植物种植装置进行植物种植，可以使植物获得目标强度的光照。当大批量种植同一植物时，可以使种植的各植物获得基本相同强度的光照，从而使植物的生长速度基本一致，提高了产品质量，降低了产品分拣成本。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种植物种植方法，该方法包括：采用照明单元照射种植在至少一层植物种植层中的植物；检测植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值；根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。
例如，如图6所示，在一个示例中，本实施例提供的方法具体包括：
步骤S101：采用照明单元照射种植在至少一层植物种植层中的植物。
例如，植物可以种植在具有多个植物种植层的植物种植装置中，由于各植物种植层之间可能存在相互遮挡的情况，因此位于下面的植物种植层中的植物受到的光照可能不足以满足其生长需求，此时可以采用照明单元照射该植物以使其获得充足的光照。
例如，该照明单元可以为LED灯、荧光灯或白炽灯等照明器件，例如包括LED灯、荧光灯和白炽灯中的一种或多种，本实施例对此不做限定。例如，照明单元可以包括发光颜色彼此不同的LED灯，从而这些不同颜色的光(例如红光、绿光和蓝光等)彼此混合得到白光，同时可以允许调整白光中不同颜色的组分的强度等参数。
例如，由于不同植物可能对不同波长的光的敏感度不同，本实施例中，照明单元所发出的光的波长可以调节，例如，调节照明单元所发出的光的波长范围与阳光基本相同；例如，一些植物的生长更需要波长范围在380-510nm的蓝光以及波长范围在610-780nm的红光，此时可以调节照明单元所发出的光的波长至该所需范围内。
步骤S102：检测植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值。
例如，由于不同植物的生长所需的光照强度不同，或者由于环境等因素导致植物种植层中不同位置处的植物可能受到的光照强度不相同，因此可以通过照度检测单元检测不同位置处植物受到的光照强度来判断各照明单元所发出的光是否满足植物的需求。
本实施例中，照度检测单元可以为任意形式的光照检测装置，例如光传感器等，本实施例对此不做限定。
步骤S103：根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。
本实施例中，例如可以设定目标照度值，将照度测量值与目标照度值相比较，进而调节照明单元的照明强度。
例如，本实施例中，设定目标照度值可以包括设定植物的照度最大值和照度最小值；然后获取照度检测单元的照度测量值，并将照度测量值与照度最大值和照度最小值相比较，然后根据比较结果调节照明单元的照明强度。
例如，对于不同植物可以设定不同的目标照度值，因此可以根据所种植植物的种类调取所需的目标照度值。
例如，可以调节照明单元的照明强度至该照明单元所对应的照度检测单元的照度测量值位于照度最大值和照度最小值的区间范围内。
例如，如图7所示，当照度检测单元的照度测量值大于对应植物的照度最大值时，降低该照度检测单元对应的照明单元的照明强度；当照度检测单元的照度测量值小于对应植物的照度最小值时，提高该照度检测单元对应的照明单元的照明强度。例如，每次提高或减小照明单元的照明强度的幅值相同。
例如，至少一层植物种植层均匀分为多个区域，在各个区域中均采用照明单元照射植物，并采用照度检测单元检测植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值，然后根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度。
例如，可以采用多个照度检测单元分别检测不同植物种植层中或者各植物种植层的不同区域中的植物受到的光照，获取多个照度检测单元的照度测量值；当多个照度检测单元的照度测量值均位于照度最大值和照度最小值的区间范围内时，停止调节照明单元的照明强度。
例如，如图8所示，当采用多个照度检测单元检测植物种植层中的植物受到的光照并获取多个照度检测单元的照度测量值时，若此时照度最大值和照度最小值的区间较大，而所种植的植物对光照较敏感，因此对各植物种植层中或者各植物种植层的不同区域中的植物受到的光照均匀性要求较高时，可以进一步调节各照明单元的照明强度。例如，将最大的照度测量值与最小的照度测量值做差值，得到第一差值，当第一差值小于等于预设差值时，不再调节照明单元的照明强度。当第一差值大于所述预设差值时，计算各照度测量值的平均值，并将最大的照度测量值和最小的照度测量值分别与平均值做差值，分别得到第二差值和第三差值，当第二差值大于第三差值时，即最大的照度测量与平均值差距较大，此时可以降低最大的照度测量值对应的照明单元的照明强度。当第二差值小于等于第三差值时，即最小的照度测量与平均值差距较大，此时可以提高最小的照度测量值对应的照明单元的照明强度。直至多个照度检测单元的照度测量值中的最大照度测量值与最小照度测量值的第一差值小于等于预设差值，从而使不同植物种植层中或者各植物种植层的不同区域中的植物受到的光照强度调节至目标强度范围内。
例如，该预设差值可以设定为0-300lux，例如30lux、50lux、100lux、150lux或200lux等，该预设差值可以根据植物的种类以及对光照均匀性的 需求进行选择，本实施例对此不做限定。
例如，可以根据照度测量值实时调节照明单元的照明强度以保证植物种植层中光照强度的均匀性。
例如，可以采用一控制单元执行根据照度测量值调节照明单元的照明强度的操作。例如，该控制单元可以为任何形式的控制器，例如微控制器、单片机、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)、个人电脑等，本实施例对此不做限定。
例如，可以采用一存储单元来存储目标照度值。该存储单元可以为任何形式的存储介质，例如为磁性存储介质、光存储介质或半导体存储介质等，本实施例对此不做限定。该存储介质例如可以设置于控制器中。
利用本公开提供的植物种植方法种植植物可以使植物受到目标强度的光照。当大批量种植同一植物时，可以使植物获得基本相同强度的光照，从而使植物的生长速度基本一致。
还有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大或缩小，即这些附图并非按照实际的比例绘制。可以理解，当诸如层、膜、区域或基板之类的元件被称作位于另一元件“上”或“下”时，该元件可以“直接”位于另一元件“上”或“下”或者可以存在中间元件。
(3)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合以得到新的实施例。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种植物种植装置，包括：
    架体，包括至少一层植物种植层；
    照明单元，设置在至少一层所述植物种植层中以使其发出的光照射在所述植物种植层中种植的植物；
    照度检测单元，配置为检测所述植物种植层中的光照度，得到照度测量值；
    控制单元，配置为获取所述照度测量值，并且根据所述照度测量值调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的植物种植装置，还包括存储单元，其中，所述存储单元存储目标照度值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的植物种植装置，其中，
    所述目标照度值包括照度最大值和照度最小值；
    所述控制单元配置为获取所述照度检测单元的照度测量值，并将所述照度测量值与照度最大值和照度最小值相比较，根据比较结果调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的植物种植装置，其中，
    所述植物种植层包括多个所述照明单元，多个所述照明单元分布在所述植物种植层中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的植物种植装置，其中，
    所述植物种植层包括多个所述照度检测单元，多个所述照度检测单元分布在所述植物种植层中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的植物种植装置，其中，所述植物种植层包括植物放置架，所述植物放置架呈矩形，多个所述照明单元均匀设置在所述植物种植层中，以及多个所述照度检测单元沿所述植物放置架的一个对角线均匀设置在所述植物放置架上。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的植物种植装置，其中，所述植物种植层包括多个区域，多个所述照度检测单元和多个所述照明单元均匀分布在各个区域中。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的植物种植装置，其中，所述照明单元 包括LED灯、荧光灯和白炽灯中的一种或多种。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的植物种植装置，包括多层所述植物种植层。
  10. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的植物种植装置，还包括设置在所述至少一个植物种植层上的顶层植物种植层，所述顶层植物种植层未设置照明单元和照度检测单元。
  11. 一种植物种植方法，包括：
    采用照明单元照射种植在至少一层植物种植层中的植物；
    检测所述植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值；
    根据所述照度测量值调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的植物种植方法，还包括：
    设定目标照度值，将所述照度测量与所述目标照度值相比较，进而调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的植物种植方法，其中，
    所述设定目标照度值包括设定植物的照度最大值和照度最小值；
    获取所述照度检测单元的照度测量值，并将所述照度测量值与照度最大值和照度最小值相比较，然后根据比较结果调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的植物种植方法，其中，
    调节照明单元的照明强度至该照明单元所对应的所述照度检测单元的照度测量值位于所述照度最大值和所述照度最小值的区间范围内。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的植物种植方法，其中，采用多个照度检测单元检测所述植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获取多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值；
    当多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值均位于所述照度最大值和所述照度最小值的区间范围内时，停止调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的植物种植方法，其中，采用多个照度检测单元检测所述植物种植层中的植物受到的光照，获取多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值；
    将最大的照度测量值与最小的照度测量值做差值，得到第一差值，当所述第一差值小于等于预设差值时，不再调节所述照明单元的照明强度；
    当所述第一差值大于所述预设差值时，计算各照度测量值的平均值，并 将所述最大的照度测量值和最小的照度测量值分别与所述平均值做差值，分别得到第二差值和第三差值，当第二差值大于第三差值时，降低所述最大的照度测量值对应的所述照明单元的照明强度；当第二差值小于等于第三差值时，提高所述最小的照度测量值对应的所述照明单元的照明强度；直至多个所述照度检测单元的照度测量值中的最大照度测量值与最小照度测量值的第一差值小于等于所述预设差值。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的植物种植方法，其中，所述至少一层植物种植层均匀分为多个区域，在各个区域中，采用照明单元照射植物，采用照度检测单元检测植物受到的光照，获得照度测量值，并根据所述照度测量值调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  18. 根据权利要求11-17任一所述的植物种植方法，其中，根据所述照度测量值实时调节所述照明单元的照明强度。
  19. 根据权利要求11-18任一所述的植物种植方法，其中，所述照明单元包括LED灯、荧光灯和白炽灯中的一种或多种。
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