WO2019140723A1 - 一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法 - Google Patents

一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法 Download PDF

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WO2019140723A1
WO2019140723A1 PCT/CN2018/075528 CN2018075528W WO2019140723A1 WO 2019140723 A1 WO2019140723 A1 WO 2019140723A1 CN 2018075528 W CN2018075528 W CN 2018075528W WO 2019140723 A1 WO2019140723 A1 WO 2019140723A1
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fertilizer
powder
active liquid
granular
calcium
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PCT/CN2018/075528
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙金艳
王仁宗
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湖北富邦科技股份有限公司
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Priority to MA47632A priority Critical patent/MA47632B1/fr
Publication of WO2019140723A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019140723A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C05D1/005—Fertilisers containing potassium post-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of coating films, in particular to a moisture-proof anti-caking and powder-proof phosphate fertilizer coating method for adding medium and trace elements.
  • Phosphate fertilizer is often used as a cost-effective fertilizer for phosphorus and calcium in blended fertilizers.
  • phosphate fertilizer contains a small amount of free inorganic acid.
  • inorganic acid can promote the reuse of fixed nutrients in the soil, the crop grows better, but the free inorganic acid reacts with urea to form urea phosphate.
  • the urea phosphate has a low moisture absorption point and is easy to absorb moisture and even mud in the air. Therefore, when the phosphate fertilizer and the urea are used to prepare the blended fertilizer, the obtained fertilizer is easy to absorb moisture and form a mass, which cannot be used normally.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a moisture-proof, anti-knot and anti-powder type phosphate fertilizer coating method for adding medium and trace elements, and the granular phosphate fertilizer treated by the method provides various kinds of medium and trace elements which can promote crop production.
  • the product after mixing does not absorb moisture, does not agglomerate, does not powder, completely solves the problem of blending phosphate fertilizer and urea, and promotes the development of the blended fertilizer industry.
  • a moisture-proof anti-caking and anti-micronized phosphate fertilizer coating method for adding medium and trace elements which is characterized by the following steps: placing blank granular fertilizer on the front end of the coating drum, in the disc or a mixer with mixing function Firstly, the active liquid which accounts for 10%-30% of the total mass of the granular fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular fertilizer.
  • the powder reacts with the active liquid, and then sprays a layer of active liquid which accounts for 10%-60% of the total mass of the granular fertilizer on the surface of the granular fertilizer, so that the active liquid and the surface of the granular fertilizer are not reacted.
  • the body reacts again, and then the powder can be sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer again for reaction.
  • the number of coatings of the active liquid + powder can be adjusted by itself to make the barrier layer more solid and the coating effect is better. .
  • the phosphate fertilizer is heavy calcium, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, superphosphate, calcium or heavy superphosphate.
  • the active liquid is phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid having a mass content of 40% to 85%.
  • the active liquid is a hydrogen phosphate, hydrogen sulfate or hydrogencarbonate having a mass content of 40% to 85%.
  • the powder comprises a calcium-containing magnesium phosphate fertilizer, a potassium silicon calcium fertilizer, a hydroxide, a carbonate, a basic carbonate and/or a nitrate;
  • sulfur-containing material natural gypsum, phosphogypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, anhydrite, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and/or copper sulfate;
  • inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium including inorganic salts containing iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, silicon, and/or selenium.
  • the powder active ingredient has a mass content of 40% to 100%.
  • the powder has a mesh number of 200-2000 mesh.
  • the phosphate fertilizer obtained by the method has good moisture-proof, anti-knot and powder-proofing effects, and at the same time provides various kinds of medium and trace elements required for crop growth for the fertilizer, and enhances the fertilizer value.
  • 1 ton of blank granular superphosphate is placed at the front end of the coating drum.
  • 25% of the total mass of the superphosphate calcium fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the particulate superphosphate, and the phosphoric acid is used in the particulate superphosphate fertilizer.
  • a layer of oxides containing 55% of the total mass of the superphosphate calcium fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular superphosphate fertilizer to react the oxide with the phosphoric acid, and then sprayed on the surface of the granular superphosphate fertilizer.
  • the layer accounts for 35% of the total amount of particulate superphosphate fertilizer, and the coating is loose to the particles without obvious dust, that is, the treated moisture-proof granular fertilizer is obtained.
  • the oxide is magnesium oxide having an active ingredient content of 85% by mass, and the powder has a mesh number of 400 mesh; the phosphoric acid is phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 64%.
  • the granular super-calcium phosphate fertilizer particles treated with the above-mentioned treatment are mixed with the granular urea by mass 1:1, and are left for 4 months without moisture absorption; the mass ratio of the super-calcium phosphate fertilizer to the granular urea without the above treatment is 1:1, and 2 is placed. Hours, the surface of the particulate superphosphate fertilizer mixture began to react to moisture absorption, and the particulate superphosphate fertilizer eventually agglomerated into agglomerates.
  • 1 ton of white granular calcium fertilizer is placed in the coated disc, firstly, the phosphoric acid on the surface of the granular calcium is 20% of the total mass of the granular calcium fertilizer, and the phosphoric acid is uniformly coated on the surface of the granular fertilizer.
  • the surface of the calcium fertilizer is sprayed with a layer of oxides which account for 50% of the total mass of the granular calcium fertilizer, so that the oxide reacts with the phosphoric acid, and then a layer of the total mass of the granular calcium fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer.
  • the coating to the particles is loose and no obvious dust, that is, the treated moisture-proof granular fertilizer is obtained.
  • the oxide is calcium oxide having an active ingredient content of 85% by mass, and the powder has a mesh number of 600 mesh; and the phosphoric acid is a phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 56%.
  • the granular calcium fertilizer and the granular urea which have been treated as described above are blended by mass 2:1, and are not absorbed for 3 months; the mass ratio of the granular calcium fertilizer to the granular urea which has not been treated as above is 2:1, and it is left for 2 hours.
  • the surface of the calcium fertilizer mixture began to react and absorb moisture, and the granular monoammonium phosphate fertilizer finally agglomerated into a mass.
  • 1 ton of blank granules of heavy superphosphate fertilizer is placed at the front end of the coating drum.
  • 15% of the total mass of the granular fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granule heavy superphosphate fertilizer, and the sulphuric acid is in the granular ammonium ammonium nitrate.
  • a layer of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer containing 70% of the total weight of the particulate heavy superphosphate fertilizer is sprayed on the surface of the granular heavy superphosphate to react the oxide in the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer with sulfuric acid, and then in the particle.
  • the surface of the heavy superphosphate fertilizer is sprayed with a layer of sulfuric acid which accounts for 50% of the total weight of the particulate heavy superphosphate fertilizer, and the coated film is loose and has no obvious dust, that is, the treated moisture-proof granular fertilizer is obtained.
  • the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer has an active ingredient content of 78% by mass of the oxide and 300 mesh of the powder; the sulfuric acid is sulfuric acid having a mass concentration of 60%.
  • the granules of the super-calcium phosphate and the granulated urea which have been treated as described above are blended in a mass ratio of 2:1 and left for 4 months without moisture absorption; the mass ratio of the super-superphosphated calcium phosphate fertilizer to the granular urea which has not been subjected to the above treatment is 2:1, and is placed 2 Hours, the surface of the particulate heavy superphosphate fertilizer mixture began to react to moisture absorption, and the granular fertilizer eventually agglomerated into agglomerates.
  • 1 ton of blank granular calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is placed at the front end of the coating drum.
  • the phosphoric acid on the surface of the granular calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is sprayed with 25% of the total mass of the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer, and the phosphoric acid is coated on the surface of the granular calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
  • After evenly spraying a layer of hydroxide on the surface of the fertilizer which accounts for 45% of the total mass of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer, reacts the hydroxide with phosphoric acid, and then sprays a layer of calcium, magnesium and phosphate on the surface of the granular calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer.
  • the hydroxide magnesium hydroxide having a mesh number of 500 mesh and an active component mass content of 85%, and the phosphoric acid is phosphoric acid having a mass concentration of 70%.
  • the granular calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer treated with the above treatment is mixed with the granular urea by mass 1:2, and is not absorbed for 5 months; the mass ratio of the granular calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to the granular urea without the above treatment is 1:2, and the particles are placed for 2 hours.
  • the surface of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer mixture began to react and absorb moisture, and the granular potassium fertilizer eventually agglomerated into a mass.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法,按以下步骤进行:将空白磷酸盐肥料置于包膜滚筒前端、圆盘里或具有混合功能的混合器中，首先在肥料表面喷涂一层活性液体，待活性液体在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后再在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层粉体，使粉体与活性液体发生反应，在颗粒肥料表面生成一层不溶于水或微溶于水阻隔膜，随后在颗粒肥料表面再喷涂一层活性液体，使活性液体与颗粒肥料表面粉体再次反应，然后再次在肥料表面喷涂粉体进行反应，如此往复，根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整添加活性液体+粉体的包膜次数，使阻隔层更加坚实，包膜效果更好。经此方法处理的磷酸盐肥料具防潮防结防粉化和提供促进作物生长中微量元素。

Description

一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法 技术领域
本发明涉及包膜技术领域，尤其是一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法。
背景技术
中国作为一个农业大国，在颗粒肥料应用方面存在诸多需求。随着土地生产应用方式的转变，大规模的机械生产逐步替代人工劳作，测土配肥的智能生产也逐渐步入市场，对土壤因地施肥的观念逐渐被更多人认同。灵活多变的掺混肥相较于千篇一律的大配方型复合肥能更好的做到精准施肥，能更好的满足不同作物对不同营养的需求，因此，近年来掺混肥市场得到蓬勃发展。
磷酸盐肥料作为掺混肥中性价比较高的提供磷、钙元素的肥料，常常被使用。但磷酸盐肥料中含有少量的游离无机酸，无机酸虽然可以促进土壤中被固定的营养元素重新利用，使作物长势更好，但游离的无机酸又会与尿素发生反应，形成磷酸脲，而磷酸脲吸湿点较低，在空气中易吸潮，甚至泥化。因此，当磷酸盐肥料与尿素制备掺混肥时，所得肥料易吸潮、成团，无法正常使用。
因此，为解决限制掺混肥应用的这一问题，研究一种包膜技术解决磷酸盐肥料与尿素的掺混吸潮问题势在必行。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法，经过该方法处理的颗粒磷酸盐肥料，为肥料提供能促进作物生产的各种中微量元素，同时混合之后的产品不吸潮，不结块，不粉化,彻底解决磷酸盐肥料与尿素的掺混问题，促进了掺混肥行业的发展。
一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法,其特征在于按以下步骤进行:将空白颗粒肥料置于包膜滚筒前端、圆盘里或具有混合功能的混合器中，首先在颗粒肥料表面喷涂占颗粒肥料质量总量10％-30％的活性液体，待活性液体在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后再在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量35％-80％的粉体，使粉 体与活性液体发生反应，随后在颗粒肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量10％-60％的活性液体，使活性液体与颗粒肥料表面未反应的粉体再次反应，然后可再次在肥料表面喷涂粉体进行反应，如此往复，根据不同肥料包膜情况可自行调整添加活性液体+粉体的包膜次数，使阻隔层更加坚实，包膜效果更好。
所述磷酸盐肥料为重钙、钙镁磷肥、过磷酸钙、普钙或重过磷酸钙。
所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸或硫酸。
所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸氢盐、硫酸氢盐或碳酸氢盐。
所述粉体为包括含钙镁磷肥、钾硅钙肥、氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碱式碳酸盐和/或硝酸盐；
或，包括含氧化钙、氧化镁、硫酸钙或硫酸镁；
或，包括含硫的物质天然石膏、磷石膏、半水石膏、无水石膏、硫酸镁、硫酸钾、硫酸钾镁、硫酸铵、硫酸锌和/或者硫酸铜；
或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的氧化物；
或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的无机盐。
所述粉体有效成分质量含量40％-100％。
所述的粉体目数为200-2000目。
利用该方法得到的磷酸盐肥料，具备良好的防潮防结防粉化功效，同时为肥料提供作物生长所需的各种中微量元素，提升肥料价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但不限定本发明，以下实施例各物质按重量份计。
实施案例1
在包裹滚筒前端，将1吨空白颗粒过磷酸钙置于包膜滚筒前端，首先在颗粒过磷酸钙表面喷涂占颗粒过磷酸钙肥料质量总量25％的磷酸，待磷酸在颗粒过磷酸钙肥料表面包裹均匀后，再在颗粒过磷酸钙肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒过磷酸钙肥料质量总量55％的氧化物，使氧化物与磷酸发生反应，随后在颗粒过磷酸钙肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒过磷酸钙肥料质量总量35％的磷酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的氧化物为有效成分质量含量85％的氧化镁，粉体目数为400目；所 述磷酸为质量浓度为64％的磷酸。
经上述处理的颗粒过磷酸钙肥料颗粒与颗粒尿素按质量1:1掺混，放置4个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒过磷酸钙肥料与颗粒尿素质量比1:1，放置2小时，颗粒过磷酸钙肥料混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒过磷酸钙肥料最终结块成团。
实施案例2
在包膜圆盘中将1吨空白颗粒普钙肥料置于其中，首先在颗粒普钙表面喷涂占颗粒普钙肥料质量总量20％的磷酸，待磷酸在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后再在颗粒普钙肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒普钙肥料质量总量50％的氧化物，使氧化物与磷酸发生反应，随后在颗粒磷酸一铵肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒普钙肥料质量总量30％的磷酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的氧化物为有效成分质量含量85％的氧化钙，粉体目数为600目；所述磷酸为质量浓度为56％的磷酸。
经上述处理的颗粒普钙肥料与颗粒尿素按质量2:1掺混，放置3个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒普钙肥料与颗粒尿素质量比2:1，放置2小时，颗粒普钙肥料混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒磷酸一铵肥料最终结块成团。
实施案例3
在包裹滚筒前端，将1吨空白颗粒重过磷酸钙肥料置于包膜滚筒前端，首先在颗粒重过磷酸钙肥料表面喷涂占颗粒肥料质量总量15％的硫酸，待硫酸在颗粒硝酸铵钙肥料表面包裹均匀后，再在颗粒重过磷酸钙表面喷涂一层占颗粒重过磷酸钙肥料质量总量70％的钙镁磷肥，使钙镁磷肥中的氧化物与硫酸发生反应，随后在颗粒重过磷酸钙肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒重过磷酸钙肥料质量总量50％的硫酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的钙镁磷肥中氧化物的有效成分质量含量78％，粉体目数为300目；所述硫酸为质量浓度为60％的硫酸。
经上述处理的颗粒重过磷酸钙与颗粒尿素按质量2:1掺混，放置4个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒重过磷酸钙肥料与颗粒尿素质量比2:1，放置2小时，颗粒重过磷酸钙肥料混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒肥料最终结块成团。
实施案例4
在包裹滚筒前端，将1吨空白颗粒钙镁磷肥置于包膜滚筒前端，首先在颗粒钙镁磷肥表面喷涂占颗粒钙镁磷肥质量总量25％的磷酸，待磷酸在颗粒钙镁磷肥表面包裹均匀 后再在肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒钙镁磷肥质量总量45％的氢氧化物，使氢氧化物与磷酸发生反应，随后在颗粒钙镁磷肥表面再喷涂一层占颗粒钙镁磷肥质量总量25％的磷酸，包膜至颗粒松散且无明显粉尘，即得到处理好的防潮型颗粒肥料。所述的氢氧化物：粉体目数为500目，有效成分质量含量85％的氢氧化镁，所述磷酸为质量浓度为70％的磷酸。
经上述处理的颗粒钙镁磷肥与颗粒尿素按质量1:2掺混，放置5个月没有吸潮；没有经过上述处理的颗粒钙镁磷肥与颗粒尿素质量比1:2，放置2小时，颗粒钙镁磷肥混合物表面开始反应吸潮，颗粒钾肥最终结块成团。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法,其特征在于按以下步骤进行:将空白磷酸盐肥料置于包膜滚筒前端、圆盘里或具有混合功能的混合器中，首先在颗粒肥料表面喷涂占颗粒肥料质量总量10％-30％的活性液体，待活性液体在颗粒肥料表面包裹均匀后再在颗粒肥料表面喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量35％-80％的粉体，使粉体与活性液体发生反应，随后在颗粒肥料表面再喷涂一层占颗粒肥料质量总量10％-60％的活性液体，使活性液体与颗粒肥料表面未反应的粉体再次反应，然后再次在肥料表面喷涂粉体进行反应，如此往复，根据不同肥料包膜情况自行调整添加活性液体+粉体的包膜次数，使阻隔层更加坚实，包膜效果更好。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述磷酸盐肥料为重钙、钙镁磷肥、过磷酸钙、普钙或重过磷酸钙。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸或硫酸。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述活性液体为质量含量40％-85％的磷酸氢盐、硫酸氢盐或碳酸氢盐。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述粉体为包括含钙镁磷肥、钾硅钙肥、氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碱式碳酸盐和/或硝酸盐；
    或，包括含氧化钙、氧化镁、硫酸钙或硫酸镁；
    或，包括含硫的物质天然石膏、磷石膏、半水石膏、无水石膏、硫酸镁、硫酸钾、硫酸钾镁、硫酸铵、硫酸锌和/或者硫酸铜；
    或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的氧化物；
    或，包括含铁、锰、硼、锌、铜、钼、硅和/或者硒的无机盐。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述粉体有效成分质量含量40％-100％。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法，其特征在于：所述的粉体目数为200-2000目。
PCT/CN2018/075528 2018-01-19 2018-02-07 一种添加中微量元素的防潮防结防粉化型磷酸盐肥料包膜方法 WO2019140723A1 (zh)

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