WO2019137009A1 - Photovoltaic module abnormality detection method and system, and photovoltaic system - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module abnormality detection method and system, and photovoltaic system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019137009A1
WO2019137009A1 PCT/CN2018/101514 CN2018101514W WO2019137009A1 WO 2019137009 A1 WO2019137009 A1 WO 2019137009A1 CN 2018101514 W CN2018101514 W CN 2018101514W WO 2019137009 A1 WO2019137009 A1 WO 2019137009A1
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Prior art keywords
sampling point
uoc
battery string
preset target
voltage
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PCT/CN2018/101514
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张惠珍
林镇煌
黄凯伦
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科华恒盛股份有限公司
漳州科华技术有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2019137009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019137009A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of new energy technologies, and in particular, to a photovoltaic module anomaly detection method, system and photovoltaic system.
  • a photovoltaic (component) string is included in the photovoltaic module for converting solar energy into electrical energy.
  • the output voltage and output current of PV modules are nonlinear due to the influence of the external environment, and the output power is also constantly changing. Therefore, achieving MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) is especially important in the control of photovoltaic systems.
  • PV modules There may be some unavoidable interference factors in the use of PV modules, such as the battery strings of PV modules being scratched or blocked by the shadow of buildings.
  • the solar radiation value of the occluded portion will be reduced, not only the output current of the entire photovoltaic module is reduced to the current of the occluded portion, the output power is reduced, and the amount of power generation is affected, and the solar cell of the occluded portion will be As an energy-consuming device, it is consumed by other unoccluded solar battery strings in a heat-generating manner, and long-term shadows also cause hot spots.
  • the MPPT control in the prior art cannot directly determine whether the photovoltaic component is abnormal, and thus cannot quickly take corresponding countermeasures when an abnormality occurs, thereby reducing the energy conversion efficiency and safety performance of the photovoltaic component.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module, including:
  • the closed-loop control of the photovoltaic component is sequentially performed with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • each battery string it is determined whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value and whether each sampling voltage is at each sampling point.
  • the preset target voltage value is within the reference voltage tolerance range, and if so, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  • a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system including:
  • a determining unit configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • control unit configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • An acquisition unit configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component
  • a determining unit configured to determine, for each battery string, whether an output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  • the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application further provides a photovoltaic system including a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic component abnormality detecting system as described above.
  • the present application provides a method, system and photovoltaic system for detecting abnormality of a photovoltaic module, which firstly determines a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at a sampling point and each sampling point, and controls the operation of the photovoltaic component according to the control, and then At the sampling point, the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module are collected. Finally, for each battery string, it is determined whether the output current and the output voltage at each sampling point are at the current range and voltage at each sampling point. Range, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal; otherwise, it is determined that the battery string is abnormal.
  • the existing circuit in the photovoltaic system can be used for acquisition and control, and the cost is low.
  • the present application can timely find abnormal battery strings in the photovoltaic components, so as to take corresponding countermeasures in time, and improve the energy conversion efficiency and safety performance of the photovoltaic components.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a U-I curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a P-V curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional unit of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the core of the application is to provide a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting method, system and photovoltaic system, which has low cost and can detect abnormal battery strings in the photovoltaic component in time, so as to take corresponding countermeasures in time, which is beneficial to improving energy conversion of the photovoltaic component. Efficiency and safety performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes:
  • Step S11 determining a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at the sampling point and each sampling point;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings with parallel outputs.
  • the output voltage and output current of the battery string are within a normal range, and if the battery string is blocked by an obstacle, the battery string The output voltage and / or output current will not be in the normal range.
  • the idea of the present application is to collect the output voltage and output current of each battery string at each sampling point, and respectively output the output voltage and output current of the battery string at each sampling point and the sampling point.
  • the preset voltage range is compared with the preset current range. If both are within the preset range, the battery string is normal. Otherwise, the battery string is abnormal.
  • the application first determines the sampling point of each battery string and the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point, different sampling points, preset target current values and preset target voltages. The values are also different. It should be noted that, the present application does not specifically limit how to determine the sampling point and determine how many sampling points, according to the actual situation.
  • Step S12 performing closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • Step S13 collecting output current and output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point;
  • Step S14 For each battery string, determine whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value and whether each sampling voltage is in each sampling. The point is within the voltage tolerance range based on the preset target voltage value, and if so, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  • the photovoltaic component is subjected to MPPT with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point as input values.
  • MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking, maximum power point tracking
  • the corresponding voltage scanning points at each sampling point are sequentially sent to the closed-loop control loop, and the output voltage and output current of each battery string at each sampling point are collected.
  • the PV module anomaly detection system will get four output currents at each sampling point.
  • the output voltage of each battery string at each sampling point should be at the preset target at each sampling point.
  • the current value is within the reference voltage tolerance range (that is, the preset voltage range mentioned above), and the output current of each battery string at each sampling point should be the current capacity at each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value.
  • the difference range that is, the preset current range mentioned above
  • the battery string is normal only when the output voltage and the output current are normal at all sampling points, otherwise the battery string is abnormal.
  • the voltage sampling circuit and the current sampling circuit are also used in the normal operation of the photovoltaic module, that is, the MPPT closed-loop control. Therefore, the present application can utilize the existing voltage sampling circuit and current sampling of the photovoltaic system.
  • the circuit is used for voltage and current acquisition without the need to increase hardware costs.
  • the present application is capable of discovering component problems early, and the present application does not require manual operation to facilitate maintenance of the photovoltaic components.
  • the present application provides a method for detecting abnormality of a photovoltaic module, which first determines a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at a sampling point and each sampling point, and controls the operation of the photovoltaic component according to the control, and then in each sampling. At the point, the output current and output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module are collected. Finally, for each battery string, it is determined whether the output current and the output voltage at each sampling point are in the current range and voltage range at each sampling point. If yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal. Otherwise, it is determined that the battery string is abnormal.
  • the existing circuit in the photovoltaic system can be used for acquisition and control, and the cost is low.
  • the present application can timely find abnormal battery strings in the photovoltaic components, so as to take corresponding countermeasures in time, and improve the energy conversion efficiency and safety performance of the photovoltaic components.
  • the method further includes:
  • the process of determining whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value is specifically:
  • the battery string is sequentially determined whether the output current at the sampling point whose output power exceeds the preset power value is within the current tolerance range of the sampling point based on the preset target current value.
  • the present application since the number of sampling points is multiple, multiple sets of output currents and output voltages of multiple battery packs are obtained, and the present application considers that the output current at a larger output power of the battery string is better. Characterizing the working state of the battery string, therefore, in order to simplify the judging process, for a battery string, the present application selects a sampling point whose output power of the battery string is greater than a preset power value, assuming that a battery string is collected at A, The output voltage and output current of the five sampling points of B, C, D and E. Where the output power of the battery string at A, D and E exceeds the preset power value, the battery string is at the sampling point in the subsequent judgment. The output currents at A, D, and E can be judged. The judgment time is reduced on the basis of ensuring the detection accuracy, and the detection can be completed in a short time, and the power generation amount of the photovoltaic module is basically not affected.
  • the process of determining that the output power of each battery string exceeds the sampling point corresponding to the preset power value in all sampling points is specifically:
  • the process of determining whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value is specifically:
  • the present application determines the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point.
  • the point is the MPPT point of the battery string.
  • the MPPT point of the battery string is also determined. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine whether the battery string is abnormal by performing current judgment on the output current of the MPPT point.
  • the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage
  • the preset target voltage value includes a preset target open circuit voltage value
  • the process of determining whether the sampling voltage of the battery string at each sampling point is within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value is specifically:
  • the sampling point includes an open circuit voltage point.
  • the sampling point includes an open circuit voltage point
  • the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage.
  • the open circuit voltage of the battery string is judged. According to the theory and experiment, when the battery string is abnormal, the output voltage of the battery string will be obviously recessed at the open circuit voltage, that is, the open circuit will be smaller than the theoretical voltage. Therefore, when the open circuit voltage of the battery string is not within the voltage tolerance range based on the preset target open circuit voltage value, the battery string is abnormal.
  • the process of determining the sampling point is specifically as follows:
  • interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8) and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc) The sampling point is determined, where A is a positive number less than Uoc/2 and Uoc is the open circuit voltage of the battery string.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a U-I curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a P-V curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery string when determining the sampling point, first set the battery string parameters, such as the single open circuit voltage, the short circuit current, the optimal power, the optimal working voltage, the optimal operating current, the number of battery cells, the current tolerance, and the voltage. Tolerance.
  • the battery string is approximately a constant current source in the low voltage section, and the nonlinearity is relatively obvious in the high pressure section.
  • several sampling points should be set in the high pressure section.
  • the photovoltaic curve is segmented and processed in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8), and interval.
  • the output voltage and output current of each battery string at each sampling point are collected.
  • two samplings before the sampling point where the short-circuit current is located can be passed.
  • the output current of the point is linearly fitted and the safety is high.
  • interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8), and interval (7) is as follows:
  • interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8) and interval (7*Uoc/8) , Uoc] determines the sampling point.
  • the linear interpolation method has the advantage of uniform sampling.
  • the sampling point can be determined by other methods in the present application, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the method further includes:
  • the present application can also generate and display the voltage and current characteristic curve (UI curve) and the power voltage characteristic curve (PV curve) of the photovoltaic module according to the sampling point. ).
  • UI curve voltage and current characteristic curve
  • PV curve power voltage characteristic curve
  • the method further includes:
  • the application will immediately issue an alarm, where the alarm may be an alarm message displayed on the display screen, or an audible alarm device such as a buzzer. An alarm is issued, and the application is not particularly limited herein.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional unit of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application, where the system includes:
  • a determining unit 1 configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • the control unit 2 is configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • the collecting unit 3 is configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component;
  • the determining unit 4 is configured to determine, for each battery string, whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is uniform Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  • the determining unit 1 is further configured to determine, after the collecting unit 3 collects the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point, determining that the output power of the battery string exceeds each sampling point. a sampling point corresponding to a preset power value;
  • the determining unit 4 is further configured to sequentially determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point whose output power exceeds the preset power value is at a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference.
  • the determining unit 1 is further configured to determine a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point;
  • the determining unit 4 is further configured to determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference.
  • the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage
  • the preset target voltage value includes a preset target open circuit voltage value
  • the determining unit 4 is further configured to determine whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on the preset target open circuit voltage value.
  • the determining unit 1 is further configured to be in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc, respectively).
  • the sampling point is determined in /8] and the interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc), where A is a positive number smaller than Uoc/2, and Uoc is the open circuit voltage of the battery string.
  • the determining unit 1 is further configured to use linear interpolation in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, respectively). , 7*Uoc/8] and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc) determine the sampling point.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic system, including a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic component abnormality detecting system.
  • the photovoltaic module anomaly detection system includes:
  • a determining unit configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • control unit configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
  • An acquisition unit configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component
  • a determining unit configured to determine, for each battery string, whether an output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine an output of the battery string at each sampling point after the collecting unit collects an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point. The power exceeds the sampling point corresponding to the preset power value;
  • the determining unit is further configured to sequentially determine whether the output current of the battery string at a sampling point corresponding to the output power exceeds the preset power value is a current tolerance based on the preset target current value of the sampling point.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point;
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference.
  • the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage
  • the preset target voltage value includes a preset target open circuit voltage value
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on a preset target open circuit voltage value.
  • the determining unit is further configured to be in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), and interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*).
  • the sampling points are determined in Uoc/8] and the interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc), where A is a positive number smaller than Uoc/2, and Uoc is an open circuit voltage of the battery string.
  • the determining unit is further configured to use linear interpolation in intervals (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), and interval (3*Uoc/ The sampling points are determined in 4,7*Uoc/8] and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc).

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A photovoltaic module abnormality detection method and system, and a photovoltaic system. The method comprises: determining sampling points and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point (S11); performing closed-loop control on a photovoltaic module according to the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point in sequence (S12); collecting output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module at each sampling point (S13); and determining whether the output current of each battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range based on the preset target current value at each sampling point and whether each sampling voltage is within a voltage tolerance range based on the present target voltage value at each sampling point; if yes, determining that the battery string is normal, or otherwise, determining that the battery string is abnormal (S14). The system has low costs, and can find an abnormal battery string in the photovoltaic module in time so that a corresponding response measure can be taken in time, thereby facilitating improving the energy conversion efficiency and the safety performance of the photovoltaic module.

Description

一种光伏组件异常检测方法、***及光伏***Photovoltaic module abnormality detecting method, system and photovoltaic system
本申请要求于2018年01月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810027103.5、发明名称为“一种光伏组件异常检测方法、***及光伏***”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201810027103.5, entitled "A PV Module Abnormality Detection Method, System and Photovoltaic System", filed on January 11, 2018, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Combined in this application.
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及新能源技术领域，特别是涉及一种光伏组件异常检测方法、***及光伏***。The present application relates to the field of new energy technologies, and in particular, to a photovoltaic module anomaly detection method, system and photovoltaic system.
背景技术Background technique
随着新能源技术的进步，光伏组件也得到了极大地发展。光伏组件中包括电池（板）串，用来将太阳能转化为电能。光伏组件的输出电压及输出电流受外界环境影响呈非线性特征，其输出功率也随之不断变化，因此，实现MPPT（Maximum Power Point Tracking，最大功率点跟踪）在光伏***控制中尤为重要。With the advancement of new energy technologies, photovoltaic modules have also been greatly developed. A photovoltaic (component) string is included in the photovoltaic module for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The output voltage and output current of PV modules are nonlinear due to the influence of the external environment, and the output power is also constantly changing. Therefore, achieving MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) is especially important in the control of photovoltaic systems.
光伏组件在使用过程中可能会出现一些无法避免的干扰因素，如光伏组件的电池串被划伤或者被建筑物的阴影遮挡等。一旦光伏组件被遮挡，被遮挡部分的太阳能辐射值就会减小，不仅整个光伏组件的输出电流减小到被遮挡部分的电流，输出功率降低，影响发电量，而且被遮挡部分的太阳能电池将作为耗能器件以发热的方式被其他未遮挡的太阳能电池串产生多余热量消耗掉，长时间的阴影也会造成热斑。There may be some unavoidable interference factors in the use of PV modules, such as the battery strings of PV modules being scratched or blocked by the shadow of buildings. Once the photovoltaic module is blocked, the solar radiation value of the occluded portion will be reduced, not only the output current of the entire photovoltaic module is reduced to the current of the occluded portion, the output power is reduced, and the amount of power generation is affected, and the solar cell of the occluded portion will be As an energy-consuming device, it is consumed by other unoccluded solar battery strings in a heat-generating manner, and long-term shadows also cause hot spots.
技术问题technical problem
现有技术中的MPPT控制并不能直接判断出光伏组件是否异常，从而不能实现当出现异常时快速采取相应应对措施，降低了光伏组件的能量转换效率及安全性能。The MPPT control in the prior art cannot directly determine whether the photovoltaic component is abnormal, and thus cannot quickly take corresponding countermeasures when an abnormality occurs, thereby reducing the energy conversion efficiency and safety performance of the photovoltaic component.
技术解决方案Technical solution
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例的第一方面提供了一种光伏组件异常检测方法，包括：To solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module, including:
确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；Determining a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；The closed-loop control of the photovoltaic component is sequentially performed with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；Collecting output current and output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point;
对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。For each battery string, it is determined whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value and whether each sampling voltage is at each sampling point. The preset target voltage value is within the reference voltage tolerance range, and if so, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例的第二方面提供了一种光伏组件异常检测***，包括：To solve the above technical problem, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system, including:
确定单元，用于确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；a determining unit, configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
控制单元，用于依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；a control unit, configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
采集单元，用于在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；An acquisition unit, configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component;
判断单元，用于对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。a determining unit, configured to determine, for each battery string, whether an output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例的第三方面还提供了一种光伏***，包括光伏组件和如上述所述的光伏组件异常检测***。In order to solve the above technical problem, the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application further provides a photovoltaic system including a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic component abnormality detecting system as described above.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本申请提供了一种光伏组件异常检测方法、***及光伏***，包括首先确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值并依据此控制光伏组件工作，然后在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压，最后，对于每一电池串，判断其在各采样点处的输出电流和输出电压是否均在各采样点处的电流范围和电压范围，如果是，则判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常，一方面，在采集输出电流和输出电压及控制时可以利用光伏***中的现有电路进行采集及控制，成本低，另一方面，本申请能够及时发现光伏组件中的异常电池串，以便及时采取相应的应对措施，提高了光伏组件的能量转换效率及安全性能。The present application provides a method, system and photovoltaic system for detecting abnormality of a photovoltaic module, which firstly determines a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at a sampling point and each sampling point, and controls the operation of the photovoltaic component according to the control, and then At the sampling point, the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module are collected. Finally, for each battery string, it is determined whether the output current and the output voltage at each sampling point are at the current range and voltage at each sampling point. Range, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal; otherwise, it is determined that the battery string is abnormal. On the one hand, when collecting output current and output voltage and control, the existing circuit in the photovoltaic system can be used for acquisition and control, and the cost is low. On the other hand, the present application can timely find abnormal battery strings in the photovoltaic components, so as to take corresponding countermeasures in time, and improve the energy conversion efficiency and safety performance of the photovoltaic components.
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对现有技术和实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present application. For the embodiments, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the drawings without any creative work.
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件异常检测方法的流程图；1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件异常检测***的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3是本申请实施例提供的图2对应的光伏组件的U-I曲线示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a U-I curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application;
图4是本申请实施例提供的图2对应的光伏组件的P-V曲线示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a P-V curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application;
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件异常检测***的功能单元结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional unit of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
本申请的实施方式Embodiment of the present application
本申请的核心是提供一种光伏组件异常检测方法、***及光伏***，成本低，且能够及时发现光伏组件中的异常电池串，以便及时采取相应的应对措施，有利于提高光伏组件的能量转换效率及安全性能。The core of the application is to provide a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting method, system and photovoltaic system, which has low cost and can detect abnormal battery strings in the photovoltaic component in time, so as to take corresponding countermeasures in time, which is beneficial to improving energy conversion of the photovoltaic component. Efficiency and safety performance.
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is part of the embodiment, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without departing from the inventive scope are the scope of the present application.
请参照图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件异常检测方法的流程图，该方法包括：Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes:
步骤S11：确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；Step S11: determining a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at the sampling point and each sampling point;
请参照图2，图2是申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件异常检测***的结构示意图。Please refer to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
通常情况下，光伏组件包括多个输出并联的电池串，当电池串正常工作时，电池串的输出电压和输出电流是在正常范围内的，而若电池串被障碍物遮挡，则该电池串的输出电压和/或输出电流会不在正常范围内。基于此，为了判断光伏组件是否正常，本申请的思路为采集各电池串在各采样点处的输出电压和输出电流，并将电池串在各采样点的输出电压和输出电流分别和该采样点处的预设电压范围和预设电流范围进行比较，如果两个均在预设范围内，则说明该电池串是正常的，否则，说明该电池串是异常的。Generally, the photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings with parallel outputs. When the battery string is working normally, the output voltage and output current of the battery string are within a normal range, and if the battery string is blocked by an obstacle, the battery string The output voltage and / or output current will not be in the normal range. Based on this, in order to judge whether the photovoltaic module is normal, the idea of the present application is to collect the output voltage and output current of each battery string at each sampling point, and respectively output the output voltage and output current of the battery string at each sampling point and the sampling point. The preset voltage range is compared with the preset current range. If both are within the preset range, the battery string is normal. Otherwise, the battery string is abnormal.
在实际应用中，本申请会首先确定各电池串的采样点和各个采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值，不同的采样点，其预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值也是不同的。需要说明的是，本申请对于如何确定采样点及确定多少个采样点不做特别的限定，根据实际情况来定。In practical applications, the application first determines the sampling point of each battery string and the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point, different sampling points, preset target current values and preset target voltages. The values are also different. It should be noted that, the present application does not specifically limit how to determine the sampling point and determine how many sampling points, according to the actual situation.
步骤S12：依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；Step S12: performing closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
步骤S13：在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；Step S13: collecting output current and output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point;
步骤S14：对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。Step S14: For each battery string, determine whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value and whether each sampling voltage is in each sampling. The point is within the voltage tolerance range based on the preset target voltage value, and if so, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
在确定了采样点后，为了得到各电池串在各个采样点处的输出电压和输出电流，首先对光伏组件以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值为输入值进行MPPT（Maximum Power Point Tracking，最大功率点跟踪）控制，并进行数据采集，将各个采样点处对应的电压扫描点依次送给闭环控制环路，采集得到各电池串在各个采样点处的输出电压和输出电流，对于如图2所示的光伏组件异常检测***来说，每个采样点会得到的四个输出电流，理论上来说，各电池串在各采样点的输出电压应该在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电压容差范围内（也即上述提到的预设电压范围），各电池串在各采样点的输出电流应该在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电流容差范围内（也即上述提到的预设电流范围），只有在所有采样点，输出电压和输出电流均正常时，该电池串才是正常的，否则，该电池串是异常的。After determining the sampling points, in order to obtain the output voltage and output current of each battery string at each sampling point, firstly, the photovoltaic component is subjected to MPPT with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point as input values. (Maximum Power Point Tracking, maximum power point tracking) control, and data acquisition, the corresponding voltage scanning points at each sampling point are sequentially sent to the closed-loop control loop, and the output voltage and output current of each battery string at each sampling point are collected. As shown in Figure 2, the PV module anomaly detection system will get four output currents at each sampling point. In theory, the output voltage of each battery string at each sampling point should be at the preset target at each sampling point. The current value is within the reference voltage tolerance range (that is, the preset voltage range mentioned above), and the output current of each battery string at each sampling point should be the current capacity at each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value. Within the difference range (that is, the preset current range mentioned above), the battery string is normal only when the output voltage and the output current are normal at all sampling points, otherwise the battery string is abnormal.
需要说明的是，光伏组件在平时的正常工作过程中，也即MPPT闭环控制时也会用到电压采样电路和电流采样电路，因此，本申请可以利用光伏***已有的电压采样电路和电流采样电路来进行电压和电流采集，不需要增加硬件成本。另外，本申请能够及早发现组件问题，且本申请不需要人工操作，方便维护光伏组件。It should be noted that the voltage sampling circuit and the current sampling circuit are also used in the normal operation of the photovoltaic module, that is, the MPPT closed-loop control. Therefore, the present application can utilize the existing voltage sampling circuit and current sampling of the photovoltaic system. The circuit is used for voltage and current acquisition without the need to increase hardware costs. In addition, the present application is capable of discovering component problems early, and the present application does not require manual operation to facilitate maintenance of the photovoltaic components.
由上可知，本申请提供了一种光伏组件异常检测方法，包括首先确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值并依据此控制光伏组件工作，然后在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压，最后，对于每一电池串，判断其在各采样点处的输出电流和输出电压是否均在各采样点处的电流范围和电压范围，如果是，则判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常，一方面，在采集输出电流和输出电压及控制时可以利用光伏***中的现有电路进行采集及控制，成本低，另一方面，本申请能够及时发现光伏组件中的异常电池串，以便及时采取相应的应对措施，提高了光伏组件的能量转换效率及安全性能。As can be seen from the above, the present application provides a method for detecting abnormality of a photovoltaic module, which first determines a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at a sampling point and each sampling point, and controls the operation of the photovoltaic component according to the control, and then in each sampling. At the point, the output current and output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module are collected. Finally, for each battery string, it is determined whether the output current and the output voltage at each sampling point are in the current range and voltage range at each sampling point. If yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal. Otherwise, it is determined that the battery string is abnormal. On the one hand, when collecting output current and output voltage and control, the existing circuit in the photovoltaic system can be used for acquisition and control, and the cost is low. On the one hand, the present application can timely find abnormal battery strings in the photovoltaic components, so as to take corresponding countermeasures in time, and improve the energy conversion efficiency and safety performance of the photovoltaic components.
在上述实施例的基础上：Based on the above embodiments:
作为一种优选地实施例，在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，对输出电流判断之前，该方法还包括：As a preferred embodiment, after the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module are collected at each sampling point, before the output current is determined, the method further includes:
确定电池串在各采样点的输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点；Determining that the output power of the battery string at each sampling point exceeds a sampling point corresponding to the preset power value;
判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内的过程具体为：The process of determining whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value is specifically:
依次判断电池串在其输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。The battery string is sequentially determined whether the output current at the sampling point whose output power exceeds the preset power value is within the current tolerance range of the sampling point based on the preset target current value.
具体地，由于采样点的个数为多个，因此会得到多个电池组的多组输出电流和输出电压，本申请考虑到在电池串的输出功率较大处的输出电流更能较好的表征电池串的工作状态，因此，为了简化判断过程，对于一个电池串来说，本申请会选出该电池串的输出功率大于预设功率值的采样点，假设采集了某电池串在A、B、C、D及E五个采样点的输出电压和输出电流，其中，电池串在A、D及E的输出功率超过预设功率值，则在后续判断时，对该电池串在采样点A、D及E处的输出电流进行判断即可，在保证检测精度的基础上减小了判断时间，能够在很短的时间内检测完毕，对光伏组件的发电量基本没有影响。Specifically, since the number of sampling points is multiple, multiple sets of output currents and output voltages of multiple battery packs are obtained, and the present application considers that the output current at a larger output power of the battery string is better. Characterizing the working state of the battery string, therefore, in order to simplify the judging process, for a battery string, the present application selects a sampling point whose output power of the battery string is greater than a preset power value, assuming that a battery string is collected at A, The output voltage and output current of the five sampling points of B, C, D and E. Where the output power of the battery string at A, D and E exceeds the preset power value, the battery string is at the sampling point in the subsequent judgment. The output currents at A, D, and E can be judged. The judgment time is reduced on the basis of ensuring the detection accuracy, and the detection can be completed in a short time, and the power generation amount of the photovoltaic module is basically not affected.
作为一种优选地实施例，确定各电池串在所有采样点中输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点的过程具体为：As a preferred embodiment, the process of determining that the output power of each battery string exceeds the sampling point corresponding to the preset power value in all sampling points is specifically:
确定电池串在各采样点中最大输出功率对应的采样点；Determining a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string at each sampling point;
判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内的过程具体为：The process of determining whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value is specifically:
判断电池串在最大输出功率对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Determining whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point based on the preset target current value.
在上述实施例的基础上，为了进一步减小检测时间，本申请确定的是电池串在各采样点中最大输出功率对应的采样点，其实，理论上来说，电池串的最大输出功率对应的采样点是该电池串的MPPT点，在光照强度等外界环境一定时，电池串的MPPT点也是确定的，因此，通过对MPPT点的输出电流进行电流判断能够准确地判断出电池串是否异常。On the basis of the above embodiments, in order to further reduce the detection time, the present application determines the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point. In fact, theoretically, the sampling corresponding to the maximum output power of the battery string. The point is the MPPT point of the battery string. When the external environment such as the light intensity is constant, the MPPT point of the battery string is also determined. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine whether the battery string is abnormal by performing current judgment on the output current of the MPPT point.
作为一种优选地实施例，输出电压包括开路电压，预设目标电压值包括预设目标开路电压值；As a preferred embodiment, the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage, and the preset target voltage value includes a preset target open circuit voltage value;
判断电池串在各采样点处的采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内的过程具体为：The process of determining whether the sampling voltage of the battery string at each sampling point is within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value is specifically:
判断电池串的开路电压是否在以预设目标开路电压值为基准的电压容差范围内。It is determined whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on the preset target open circuit voltage value.
作为一种优选地实施例，采样点包括开路电压点。As a preferred embodiment, the sampling point includes an open circuit voltage point.
具体地，该实施例中，在对最大输出功率对应的采样点处的输出电流进行判断的基础上，为了进一步加快判断速度和提高判断精度，采样点包括开路电压点，则输出电压包括开路电压，本实施例对电池串的开路电压进行判断，根据理论和实验验证，当电池串异常时，电池串的输出电压在开路电压处会有明显的凹陷，也即开路电路会比理论电压小，因此，当电池串的开路电压不在以预设目标开路电压值为基准的电压容差范围内时，则说明该电池串异常。Specifically, in this embodiment, on the basis of determining the output current at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power, in order to further speed up the judgment speed and improve the judgment accuracy, the sampling point includes an open circuit voltage point, and the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage. In this embodiment, the open circuit voltage of the battery string is judged. According to the theory and experiment, when the battery string is abnormal, the output voltage of the battery string will be obviously recessed at the open circuit voltage, that is, the open circuit will be smaller than the theoretical voltage. Therefore, when the open circuit voltage of the battery string is not within the voltage tolerance range based on the preset target open circuit voltage value, the battery string is abnormal.
作为一种优选地实施例，确定采样点的过程具体为：As a preferred embodiment, the process of determining the sampling point is specifically as follows:
分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点，其中，A为小于Uoc/2的正数，Uoc为电池串的开路电压。In the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8) and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc) The sampling point is determined, where A is a positive number less than Uoc/2 and Uoc is the open circuit voltage of the battery string.
请参照图3和图4，图3是本申请实施例提供的图2对应的光伏组件的U-I曲线示意图，图4是本申请实施例提供的图2对应的光伏组件的P-V曲线示意图。Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 . FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a U-I curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a P-V curve of the photovoltaic module corresponding to FIG. 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
具体地，在确定采样点时，首先设置电池串参数，如单体开路电压、短路电流、最优功率、最优工作电压、最优工作电流、电池串电池单体数、电流容差及电压容差。结合图3和图4可见，电池串在低压段近似为恒流源，在高压段，其非线性比较明显，为了提高判断精度，在高压段应该多设置几个采样点。本申请中，将光伏曲线分段处理，在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点，其中，第一段5个点，第2段8个点，第3段8个点，第4段5个点，共选取27个采样点来绘制U-I曲线（含短路电流点）。在采样前，将汇流箱关机，确定电池串的开路电压，然后根据开路电压确认扫描需要的采样点。采用本申请中方式来确定采样点，采样点分布更全面，以后后续绘制曲线及光伏组件异常判断。Specifically, when determining the sampling point, first set the battery string parameters, such as the single open circuit voltage, the short circuit current, the optimal power, the optimal working voltage, the optimal operating current, the number of battery cells, the current tolerance, and the voltage. Tolerance. As can be seen from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the battery string is approximately a constant current source in the low voltage section, and the nonlinearity is relatively obvious in the high pressure section. In order to improve the judgment accuracy, several sampling points should be set in the high pressure section. In this application, the photovoltaic curve is segmented and processed in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8), and interval. (7*Uoc/8, Uoc] determines the sampling points, wherein the first segment is 5 points, the second segment is 8 points, the third segment is 8 points, and the fourth segment is 5 points. A total of 27 sampling points are selected. To draw the UI curve (including the short-circuit current point). Before sampling, turn off the combiner box, determine the open circuit voltage of the battery string, and then confirm the sampling points needed for scanning according to the open circuit voltage. Use the method in this application to determine the sampling point, sampling point The distribution is more comprehensive, and the subsequent curve and the abnormal judgment of the photovoltaic components will be drawn later.
另外，需要说明的是，在确定采样点后，会对各个电池串在各采样点处的输出电压和输出电流进行采集，对于其中的短路电流，可以通过短路电流所在采样点之前的两个采样点的输出电流进行线性拟合得到，安全性高。In addition, it should be noted that after determining the sampling point, the output voltage and output current of each battery string at each sampling point are collected. For the short-circuit current therein, two samplings before the sampling point where the short-circuit current is located can be passed. The output current of the point is linearly fitted and the safety is high.
作为一种优选地实施例，分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点的过程具体为：As a preferred embodiment, in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8), and interval (7) The process of determining the sampling point in *Uoc/8, Uoc] is as follows:
采用线性插值法分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点。Linear interpolation is used in interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8) and interval (7*Uoc/8) , Uoc] determines the sampling point.
具体地，线性插值法具有采样均匀的优点，当然，本申请还可以采用其他方式来确定采样点，本申请在此不做特别的限定。In particular, the linear interpolation method has the advantage of uniform sampling. Of course, the sampling point can be determined by other methods in the present application, which is not specifically limited herein.
作为一种优选地实施例，在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，该方法还包括：As a preferred embodiment, after collecting the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module at each sampling point, the method further includes:
生成并显示光伏组件的电压电流特性曲线和功率电压特性曲线。Generate and display voltage and current characteristics and power voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic module.
为了方便用户查看和判断，本申请在采集到了各电池串的输出电流和输出电压后，还可以根据采样点生成并显示光伏组件的电压电流特性曲线（U-I曲线）和功率电压特性曲线（P-V曲线）。In order to facilitate the user to view and judge, after collecting the output current and the output voltage of each battery string, the present application can also generate and display the voltage and current characteristic curve (UI curve) and the power voltage characteristic curve (PV curve) of the photovoltaic module according to the sampling point. ).
作为一种优选地实施例，该方法还包括：As a preferred embodiment, the method further includes:
当判定电池串异常时，发出警报。When it is determined that the battery string is abnormal, an alarm is issued.
为了方便用户及时获知光伏组件的故障情况，当光伏组件中存在电池串异常时，本申请会立即发出警报，这里的警报可以是显示屏上显示报警信息，也可以是声音报警装置例如蜂鸣器发出警报，本申请在此不做特别的限定。In order to facilitate the user to know the fault condition of the PV module in time, when there is a battery string abnormality in the PV module, the application will immediately issue an alarm, where the alarm may be an alarm message displayed on the display screen, or an audible alarm device such as a buzzer. An alarm is issued, and the application is not particularly limited herein.
请参照图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件异常检测***的功能单元结构示意图，该***包括：Please refer to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional unit of a photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to an embodiment of the present application, where the system includes:
确定单元1，用于确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；a determining unit 1 configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
控制单元2，用于依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；The control unit 2 is configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
采集单元3，用于在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；The collecting unit 3 is configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component;
判断单元4，用于对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。The determining unit 4 is configured to determine, for each battery string, whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is uniform Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
作为一种优选地实施例，确定单元1还用于，在采集单元3在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，确定电池串在各采样点的输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点；As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit 1 is further configured to determine, after the collecting unit 3 collects the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point, determining that the output power of the battery string exceeds each sampling point. a sampling point corresponding to a preset power value;
相应的，判断单元4还用于，依次判断电池串在其输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit 4 is further configured to sequentially determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point whose output power exceeds the preset power value is at a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference. Inside.
作为一种优选地实施例，确定单元1还用于，确定电池串在各采样点中最大输出功率对应的采样点；As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit 1 is further configured to determine a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point;
相应的，判断单元4还用于，判断电池串在最大输出功率对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit 4 is further configured to determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference.
作为一种优选地实施例，所述输出电压包括开路电压，所述预设目标电压值包括预设目标开路电压值；In a preferred embodiment, the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage, and the preset target voltage value includes a preset target open circuit voltage value;
判断单元4还用于，判断电池串的开路电压是否在以预设目标开路电压值为基准的电压容差范围内。The determining unit 4 is further configured to determine whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on the preset target open circuit voltage value.
作为一种优选地实施例，确定单元1还用于，分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点，其中，A为小于Uoc/2的正数，Uoc为电池串的开路电压。As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit 1 is further configured to be in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc, respectively). The sampling point is determined in /8] and the interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc), where A is a positive number smaller than Uoc/2, and Uoc is the open circuit voltage of the battery string.
作为一种优选地实施例，确定单元1还用于，采用线性插值法分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点。As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit 1 is further configured to use linear interpolation in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, respectively). , 7*Uoc/8] and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc) determine the sampling point.
对于本申请实施例提供的光伏组件异常检测***的介绍请参照上述实施例，本申请在此不再赘述。For the introduction of the PV module anomaly detection system provided by the embodiment of the present application, refer to the foregoing embodiment, and the application is not described herein again.
本申请实施例还提供了一种光伏***，包括光伏组件和光伏组件异常检测***。The embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic system, including a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic component abnormality detecting system.
所述光伏组件异常检测***包括：The photovoltaic module anomaly detection system includes:
确定单元，用于确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；a determining unit, configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
控制单元，用于依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；a control unit, configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
采集单元，用于在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；An acquisition unit, configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component;
判断单元，用于对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。a determining unit, configured to determine, for each battery string, whether an output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
作为一种优选地实施例，所述确定单元还用于，在所述采集单元在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，确定电池串在各采样点的输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点；As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit is further configured to determine an output of the battery string at each sampling point after the collecting unit collects an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point. The power exceeds the sampling point corresponding to the preset power value;
相应的，所述判断单元还用于，依次判断电池串在其输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to sequentially determine whether the output current of the battery string at a sampling point corresponding to the output power exceeds the preset power value is a current tolerance based on the preset target current value of the sampling point. Within the scope.
作为一种优选地实施例，所述确定单元还用于，确定电池串在各采样点中最大输出功率对应的采样点；As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit is further configured to determine a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point;
相应的，所述判断单元还用于，判断电池串在最大输出功率对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference.
作为一种优选地实施例，所述输出电压包括开路电压，所述预设目标电压值包括预设目标开路电压值；In a preferred embodiment, the output voltage includes an open circuit voltage, and the preset target voltage value includes a preset target open circuit voltage value;
所述判断单元还用于，判断电池串的开路电压是否在以预设目标开路电压值为基准的电压容差范围内。The determining unit is further configured to determine whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on a preset target open circuit voltage value.
作为一种优选地实施例，所述确定单元还用于，分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点，其中，A为小于Uoc/2的正数，Uoc为电池串的开路电压。As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit is further configured to be in the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), and interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*). The sampling points are determined in Uoc/8] and the interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc), where A is a positive number smaller than Uoc/2, and Uoc is an open circuit voltage of the battery string.
作为一种优选地实施例，所述确定单元还用于，采用线性插值法分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点。As a preferred embodiment, the determining unit is further configured to use linear interpolation in intervals (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), and interval (3*Uoc/ The sampling points are determined in 4,7*Uoc/8] and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc).
对于本申请实施例提供的光伏***的介绍请参照上述实施例，本申请在此不再赘述。For the introduction of the photovoltaic system provided by the embodiment of the present application, please refer to the above embodiment, and the application will not be repeated herein.
需要说明的是，在本说明书中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that, in this specification, the terms "including", "comprising", or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device that comprises a And also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or elements that are inherent to such a process, method, item, or device. An element that is defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional equivalent elements in the process, method, item, or device that comprises the element.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the application. Various modifications to these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (20)

  1. 一种光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，包括： A method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module, comprising:
    确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；Determining a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
    依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；The closed-loop control of the photovoltaic component is sequentially performed with the preset target current value and the preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
    在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；Collecting output current and output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point;
    对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。For each battery string, it is determined whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value and whether each sampling voltage is at each sampling point. The preset target voltage value is within the reference voltage tolerance range, and if so, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，所述在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，对输出电流判断之前，该方法还包括： The method of detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein after the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module are collected at each sampling point, the method further comprises:
    确定电池串在各采样点的输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点；Determining that the output power of the battery string at each sampling point exceeds a sampling point corresponding to the preset power value;
    所述判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内的过程具体为：The process of determining whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value is specifically:
    依次判断电池串在其输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。The battery string is sequentially determined whether the output current at the sampling point whose output power exceeds the preset power value is within the current tolerance range of the sampling point based on the preset target current value.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，所述确定电池串在各采样点中输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点的过程具体为： The method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein the process of determining that the output power of the battery string exceeds the sampling point corresponding to the preset power value in each sampling point is specifically:
    确定电池串在各采样点中最大输出功率对应的采样点；Determining a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string at each sampling point;
    所述判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内的过程具体为：The process of determining whether the output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within the current tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target current value is specifically:
    判断电池串在最大输出功率对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Determining whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point based on the preset target current value.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，所述输出电压包括开路电压，所述预设目标电压值包括预设目标开路电压值； The photovoltaic module abnormality detecting method according to claim 3, wherein the output voltage comprises an open circuit voltage, and the preset target voltage value comprises a preset target open circuit voltage value;
    所述判断电池串在各采样点处的采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内的过程具体为：The process of determining whether the sampling voltage of the battery string at each sampling point is within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value is specifically:
    判断电池串的开路电压是否在以预设目标开路电压值为基准的电压容差范围内。It is determined whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on the preset target open circuit voltage value.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，所述确定采样点的过程具体为： The method for detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the process of determining a sampling point is specifically:
    分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点，其中，A为小于Uoc/2的正数，Uoc为电池串的开路电压。In the interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8) and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc) The sampling point is determined, where A is a positive number less than Uoc/2 and Uoc is the open circuit voltage of the battery string.
  6. 如权利要求5所述的光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，所述分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点的过程具体为： The photovoltaic module abnormality detecting method according to claim 5, wherein the intervals are (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), and interval (3*Uoc/4), respectively. The process of determining sampling points in 7*Uoc/8] and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc) is as follows:
    采用线性插值法分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点。Linear interpolation is used in interval (A, Uoc/2), interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8) and interval (7*Uoc/8) , Uoc] determines the sampling point.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，所述采样点包括开路电压点。 The photovoltaic module anomaly detecting method according to claim 6, wherein the sampling point comprises an open circuit voltage point.
  8. 如权利要求1所述的光伏组件异常检测方法，其特征在于，所述在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，该方法还包括： The method of detecting an abnormality of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein after the collecting the output current and the output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic module at each sampling point, the method further comprises:
    生成并显示所述光伏组件的电压电流特性曲线和功率电压特性曲线。A voltage and current characteristic curve and a power voltage characteristic curve of the photovoltaic module are generated and displayed.
  9. 一种光伏组件异常检测***，其特征在于，包括： A photovoltaic module anomaly detection system, comprising:
    确定单元，用于确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；a determining unit, configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
    控制单元，用于依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；a control unit, configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
    采集单元，用于在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；An acquisition unit, configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component;
    判断单元，用于对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。a determining unit, configured to determine, for each battery string, whether an output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  10. 如权利要求9所述的光伏组件异常检测***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，在所述采集单元在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，确定电池串在各采样点的输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点； The photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to claim 9, wherein the determining unit is further configured to: after the collecting unit collects an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point, Determining that the output power of the battery string at each sampling point exceeds a sampling point corresponding to the preset power value;
    相应的，所述判断单元还用于，依次判断电池串在其输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to sequentially determine whether the output current of the battery string at a sampling point corresponding to the output power exceeds the preset power value is a current tolerance based on the preset target current value of the sampling point. Within the scope.
  11. 如权利要求10所述的光伏组件异常检测***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，确定电池串在各采样点中最大输出功率对应的采样点； The photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to claim 10, wherein the determining unit is further configured to: determine a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point;
    相应的，所述判断单元还用于，判断电池串在最大输出功率对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference.
  12. 如权利要求11所述的光伏组件异常检测***，其特征在于，所述输出电压包括开路电压，所述预设目标电压值包括预设目标开路电压值； The photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to claim 11, wherein the output voltage comprises an open circuit voltage, and the preset target voltage value comprises a preset target open circuit voltage value;
    所述判断单元还用于，判断电池串的开路电压是否在以预设目标开路电压值为基准的电压容差范围内。The determining unit is further configured to determine whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on a preset target open circuit voltage value.
  13. 如权利要求9所述的光伏组件异常检测***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点，其中，A为小于Uoc/2的正数，Uoc为电池串的开路电压。 The photovoltaic module anomaly detecting system according to claim 9, wherein the determining unit is further configured to be in an interval (A, Uoc/2), an interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), an interval, respectively. The sampling points are determined in (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8] and the interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc), where A is a positive number smaller than Uoc/2, and Uoc is an open circuit voltage of the battery string.
  14. 如权利要求13所述的光伏组件异常检测***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，采用线性插值法分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点。 The photovoltaic module abnormality detecting system according to claim 13, wherein the determining unit is further configured to use linear interpolation in intervals (A, Uoc/2) and intervals (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/). 4], interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8) and interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc) determine the sampling point.
  15. 一种光伏***，其特征在于，包括光伏组件和光伏组件异常检测***； A photovoltaic system, comprising: a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module anomaly detection system;
    所述光伏组件异常检测***包括：The photovoltaic module anomaly detection system includes:
    确定单元，用于确定采样点及各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值；a determining unit, configured to determine a sampling target point and a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
    控制单元，用于依次以各采样点处的预设目标电流值和预设目标电压值对光伏组件进行闭环控制；a control unit, configured to perform closed-loop control on the photovoltaic component in sequence with a preset target current value and a preset target voltage value at each sampling point;
    采集单元，用于在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压；An acquisition unit, configured to collect, at each sampling point, an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component;
    判断单元，用于对于每一电池串，判断电池串在各采样点处的输出电流是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内且各采样电压是否均在各采样点的以预设目标电压值为基准的电压容差范围内，如果是，判定该电池串正常，否则，判定该电池串异常。a determining unit, configured to determine, for each battery string, whether an output current of the battery string at each sampling point is within a current tolerance range of each sampling point based on a preset target current value, and whether each sampling voltage is Within the voltage tolerance range of each sampling point based on the preset target voltage value, if yes, it is determined that the battery string is normal, otherwise, the battery string is determined to be abnormal.
  16. 如权利要求15所述的光伏***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，在所述采集单元在各采样点处采集光伏组件中各电池串的输出电流和输出电压之后，确定电池串在各采样点的输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点； The photovoltaic system according to claim 15, wherein the determining unit is further configured to: after the collecting unit collects an output current and an output voltage of each battery string in the photovoltaic component at each sampling point, determining the battery string The output power at each sampling point exceeds a sampling point corresponding to the preset power value;
    相应的，所述判断单元还用于，依次判断电池串在其输出功率超过预设功率值对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to sequentially determine whether the output current of the battery string at a sampling point corresponding to the output power exceeds the preset power value is a current tolerance based on the preset target current value of the sampling point. Within the scope.
  17. 如权利要求16所述的光伏***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，确定电池串在各采样点中最大输出功率对应的采样点； The photovoltaic system according to claim 16, wherein the determining unit is further configured to: determine a sampling point corresponding to a maximum output power of the battery string in each sampling point;
    相应的，所述判断单元还用于，判断电池串在最大输出功率对应的采样点处的输出电流是否在该采样点的以预设目标电流值为基准的电流容差范围内。Correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to determine whether the output current of the battery string at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum output power is within a current tolerance range of the sampling point with a preset target current value as a reference.
  18. 如权利要求17所述的光伏***，其特征在于，所述输出电压包括开路电压，所述预设目标电压值包括预设目标开路电压值； The photovoltaic system according to claim 17, wherein said output voltage comprises an open circuit voltage, and said predetermined target voltage value comprises a preset target open circuit voltage value;
    所述判断单元还用于，判断电池串的开路电压是否在以预设目标开路电压值为基准的电压容差范围内。The determining unit is further configured to determine whether the open circuit voltage of the battery string is within a voltage tolerance range based on a preset target open circuit voltage value.
  19. 如权利要求15所述的光伏***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点，其中，A为小于Uoc/2的正数，Uoc为电池串的开路电压。 The photovoltaic system according to claim 15, wherein said determining unit is further configured to respectively be in an interval (A, Uoc/2), an interval (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), an interval (3*) The sampling points are determined in Uoc/4,7*Uoc/8] and the interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc), where A is a positive number smaller than Uoc/2, and Uoc is the open circuit voltage of the battery string.
  20. 如权利要求19所述的光伏***，其特征在于，所述确定单元还用于，采用线性插值法分别在区间（A，Uoc/2]、区间(Uoc/2，3*Uoc/4]、区间(3*Uoc/4，7*Uoc/8]及区间(7*Uoc/8，Uoc]中确定采样点。 The photovoltaic system according to claim 19, wherein said determining unit is further configured to use linear interpolation in intervals (A, Uoc/2), intervals (Uoc/2, 3*Uoc/4), The sampling points are determined in the interval (3*Uoc/4, 7*Uoc/8] and the interval (7*Uoc/8, Uoc).
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