WO2019134146A1 - 语音采集装置和家电设备 - Google Patents
语音采集装置和家电设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019134146A1 WO2019134146A1 PCT/CN2018/071674 CN2018071674W WO2019134146A1 WO 2019134146 A1 WO2019134146 A1 WO 2019134146A1 CN 2018071674 W CN2018071674 W CN 2018071674W WO 2019134146 A1 WO2019134146 A1 WO 2019134146A1
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- microphone
- voice
- speech
- resonance point
- collection device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a voice collection device and a home appliance.
- voice control (referred to as voice control) has gradually been applied to various electronic devices, especially the application of home appliances.
- voice recognition technology users can easily control various household appliances by issuing simple voice commands. For example, when sleeping, the user can control air conditioners, fans, electric lights and other household appliances through voice commands in the bed. When the user wakes up in the morning, the user is in bed. It is possible to control home appliances such as TVs, stereos, and water heaters through voice commands, which provides great convenience for users' lives.
- the noise interference is usually small, and no strong noise reduction effect is required, but sufficient voice control distance is required.
- the sound control distance of current home appliances is only about five meters, and users need to be close to home appliances to perform voice control, which brings inconvenience to voice control.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a voice collection device and a home appliance, which aim to increase the voice control distance of the home appliance and improve the convenience of voice control.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a voice collection device, where the device includes a microphone component, the microphone component includes a wheat jacket and a microphone, and the wheat jacket is provided with a microphone hole and a sound cavity that communicate with each other.
- the diameter of the hole is smaller than the diameter of the sound chamber, the microphone is accommodated in the sound cavity, and the microphone and the hole have a frequency resonance point of the microphone to be limited to a male or female voice The cavity within the pitch frequency range.
- the microphone is a lead microphone, and the lead microphone is inserted into the sound cavity.
- the wheat sleeve is an elastic body, and the diameter of the sound chamber is smaller than an outer diameter of the microphone.
- the microphone is a chip microphone
- the microphone component further includes a PCB board
- the patch microphone is attached to the PCB board, and is pressed against the wheat sleeve of the PCB board
- the sound chamber port is surrounded by a seal.
- the wheat bore has a diameter of 0.8-1.5 mm.
- the depth of the wheat hole is 0.8-1.5 mm.
- the device further includes an in-phase summing amplifier and a processing unit connected to each other, the microphone component being two, respectively connected to the in-phase summing amplifier, wherein a frequency response resonance point of one microphone is at a pitch frequency of the male voice Within the range, the frequency resonance point of the other microphone component is within the pitch frequency range of the female voice.
- one of the microphones has a frequency response resonance point of 250-350 Hz, and the other microphone has a frequency response resonance point of 550-650 Hz.
- the apparatus further includes an automatic gain control circuit, the in-phase summing amplifier being coupled to the processing unit by the automatic gain control circuit.
- the apparatus further includes an automatic gain control circuit and a processing unit, and the microphone component, the automatic gain control circuit, and the processing unit are sequentially connected.
- the microphone has a frequency response resonance point of 250-350 Hz.
- the microphone has a frequency response resonance point of 550-650 Hz.
- the device further includes a processing unit, the microphone component is two, respectively connected to the processing unit, wherein a frequency resonance point of one microphone is within a range of a pitch frequency of the male voice, and a frequency resonance of the other microphone component The point is within the pitch frequency range of the female voice, the microphone of the microphone component is a digital microphone, and the processing unit is configured to perform additive summation processing on the digital signals transmitted by the two microphone components.
- the distance between the two microphone assemblies is less than 1 mm.
- the wheat sleeve is a rubber sleeve.
- the device is applied to a voice control device.
- the voice control device is a home appliance.
- the household electrical appliance is a television, an audio, an air conditioner, a curtain control system, or a lighting control system.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a home appliance device, the home appliance device includes a voice collection device, the voice collection device includes a microphone component, the microphone component includes a wheat jacket and a microphone, and the wheat jacket is provided with a wheat connected to each other. a hole and a sound cavity, the diameter of the wheat hole is smaller than a diameter of the sound cavity, the microphone is accommodated in the sound cavity, and a frequency response of the microphone is provided between the microphone and the wheat hole
- the resonance point is limited to a cavity within the pitch frequency range of the male or female voice.
- a voice collecting device limits a frequency resonance point of a microphone to a range of a pitch frequency of a male voice or a female voice by setting a sound cavity for the microphone, and amplifying the voice of the human voice by using a cavity resonance method.
- Several times while the signal and noise of other frequencies are amplified or attenuated, which greatly increases the gain of the speech signal, thereby increasing the speech recognition distance, thereby increasing the voice control distance of the voice control device (such as home appliances) and improving The convenience of voice control.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a voice collection device of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the microphone assembly of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is another schematic structural view of the microphone assembly of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a second embodiment of a voice collection device of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the voice collecting device of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a fourth embodiment of a voice collection device according to the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the voice collecting device of the present invention.
- the pitch frequency of human voice is mainly between 82-1100HZ, and the pitch rate of male voice is 82-523HZ.
- the pitch frequency of female voices ranges from 160-1100HZ. If only semantic recognition is considered, and individual differentiation recognition such as timbre is not considered, it is only necessary to amplify the sound of the frequency range of 82 to 1100 Hz, so that it is relatively simple to process the voice instruction sample library, because the number of sampling feature points can be greatly reduced.
- the embodiment of the present invention limits the frequency resonance point of the microphone (the resonance point of the frequency response) to the pitch frequency range of the male or female voice by setting the sound cavity for the microphone, and the person speaks by the physical resonance method.
- the sound (82-1100HZ voice signal) is amplified several times, while the signal and noise of other frequencies are amplified or attenuated to increase the gain of the microphone receiver's speech sound, thereby enhancing the vocal sound by using the cavity resonance method.
- the frequency response increases the speech recognition distance.
- the voice collection device of the embodiment of the invention is mainly applied to sound control devices such as home appliances, terminal devices, toys, and the like, such as television, audio, air conditioner, curtain control system or lighting control system. In addition, it can also be applied to other devices that need to collect voice, which is not limited by the present invention.
- the device includes a microphone assembly 10 and a processing unit 20.
- the processing unit 20 may be omitted or the processing unit 20 may be replaced with other component.
- the microphone assembly 10 includes a wheat jacket 11 and a microphone 12.
- the wheat sleeve 11 is preferably an elastic body, such as a rubber sleeve, and the microphone 12 can be an ECM (Electret Condenser Microphone) microphone 12 or a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) microphone 12, which is a microphone in the embodiment of the present invention. 12 is a lead type microphone 12.
- the wheat sleeve 11 is provided with a wheat hole 121 and a sound chamber 122 which are connected to each other.
- the diameter of the wheat hole 121 is smaller than the diameter of the sound chamber 122, and the diameter of the wheat hole 121 is preferably 0.8-1.5 mm, and the depth is preferably 0.8-1.5 mm.
- the microphone 12 is inserted into the sound cavity 122, and a distance is left between the microphone 12 and the burr 121 to form a cavity having a volume capable of limiting the frequency resonance of the microphone 12 to the pitch of the male or female voice.
- the frequency range is correct, and the volume of the cavity is negatively correlated with the frequency resonance point of the microphone 12. That is, the smaller the cavity volume is, the higher the frequency response resonance point is, and the larger the cavity volume is, the lower the frequency response resonance point is.
- the diameter of the sound chamber 122 depends on the outer diameter of the microphone 12, preferably slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the microphone 12, to achieve an interference fit when the microphone 12 is inserted into the sound chamber 122 to enhance the tightness of the open end of the sound chamber 122 to prevent leakage. .
- the diameter of the microphone 12 is generally 4 mm, 6 mm, 10 mm, etc., and the microphone 12 having a larger size is preferable in the case where space permits.
- the wheat sleeve 11 and the microphone 12 are both cylindrical, and other shapes may be used in other embodiments, which are not limited in the present invention.
- the microphone 12 can also be a patch microphone 12, and the microphone assembly 10 is constructed as shown in FIG.
- the microphone assembly 10 further includes a printed circuit board (13).
- the microphone 12 is attached to the PCB board 13 and is sealed by the port of the sound chamber 122 of the wheat sleeve 11 which is pressed against the PCB board 13. To seal the open end of the sound chamber 122 to prevent leakage.
- the volume of the internal cavity becomes larger and the frequency resonance frequency is lower.
- the embodiment of the present invention preferably limits the frequency resonance point of the microphone 12 to around 300 Hz or 600 Hz by adjusting the volume of the cavity between the microphone 12 and the burr 121 (the height of the cavity is adjusted when the diameter is constant), such as Limited to 250-350HZ or 550-650HZ.
- the microphone component 10 receives the voice information, and amplifies the voice signal near the frequency of 300HZ or 600HZ through the resonance of the sound cavity 122, and transmits the voice signal to the processing unit 20.
- the processing unit 20 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the voice signal, converts the voice signal from the analog signal into a digital signal, performs digital noise reduction and echo cancellation processing on the converted voice signal, and then performs voice recognition on the voice signal, and the recognition result is
- the system preset voice command sample library performs voice command matching. When a certain voice command is matched, the corresponding signal is output through the input/output interface unit to perform corresponding operations, such as controlling the function button of the home appliance or converting to the infrared remote control output.
- the voice recognition distance is greatly increased, and the voice recognition distance is increased from the usual 5 meters to 10 to 15 meters, which improves the convenience of the home appliance remote control.
- a second embodiment of the voice collection device of the present invention is proposed.
- This embodiment adds an automatic gain control circuit 30 based on the first embodiment.
- the microphone component 10, the automatic gain control circuit 30, and the processing unit 20 are sequentially connection.
- the automatic gain control circuit 30 can control the signal gain to an appropriate range to prevent clipping distortion and reduce the recognizability when the large-distance signal is output at a short distance, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the speech recognition.
- a third embodiment of the voice collection device of the present invention is proposed.
- This embodiment adds a microphone assembly 10 to the first embodiment, that is, the embodiment of the present invention has two microphone assemblies 10, and two microphones.
- the microphone 12 in the assembly 10 is a digital microphone 12.
- the two microphone assemblies 10 are respectively connected to the processing unit 20, and directly output digital signals to the processing unit 20, and the processing unit 20 does not need to perform analog-to-digital conversion processing.
- one of the microphones 12 has a frequency resonance point in the range of the male's pitch frequency, 250-350 Hz, and the other microphone assembly 10 has a frequency resonance point in the female's pitch frequency range, such as 550-650 Hz.
- the processing unit 20 performs additive summation processing on the digital signals sent by the two microphone components 10, further improving the signal gain, and increasing the speech recognition distance and the voice control distance. And the remote control sound can amplify its voice signal whether it is male or female, increase the voice recognition distance and voice control distance, and expand the scope of application.
- a fourth embodiment of the speech collection device of the present invention adds a microphone assembly 10 and an in-phase summing amplifier 40 to the first embodiment, i.e., the embodiment of the present invention has two microphones.
- the assembly 10 and the microphone 12 of the two microphone assemblies 10 are analog microphones 12.
- the two microphones 12 are respectively connected to the in-phase summing amplifier 40, and the in-phase summing amplifier 40 is connected to the processing unit 20.
- one of the microphones 12 has a frequency resonance point in the range of the male's pitch frequency, 250-350 Hz, and the other microphone assembly 10 has a frequency resonance point in the female's pitch frequency range, such as 550-650 Hz.
- the in-phase summing amplifier 40 is preferably a band-pass filter amplifier of 300 to 2000 Hz, which performs in-phase addition and summation processing on the speech signals transmitted by the two microphone components 10, further improving the signal gain, increasing the speech recognition distance and the voice control distance.
- the remote control sound can amplify its voice signal whether it is male or female, increase the voice recognition distance and voice control distance, and expand the scope of application.
- the voice collection device of the embodiment is designed to design the frequency resonance points of the two microphones 12 to be near 300HZ and 600HZ through the sound cavity 122 of the microphone 12, and then add the output signals of the two microphones 12 to enhance the voice signal.
- the voice recognition distance and voice control distance of the voice control device are increased from the usual 5 meters to 10 to 15 meters at a low cost, which greatly improves the convenience of home appliance sound control.
- a fifth embodiment of the speech collection device of the present invention is proposed.
- This embodiment adds an automatic gain control circuit 30 to the in-phase summing amplifier 40 via the automatic gain control circuit 30. 20.
- the automatic gain control circuit 30 can control the signal gain to an appropriate range to prevent clipping distortion and reduce the recognizability when the large-distance signal is output at a short distance, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the speech recognition.
- the number of the microphone components 10 may be further increased, such as increasing the number of the microphone components 10 to three, four, five, and the like.
- the voice control distance is too far, it may cause malfunction.
- the target voice control distance of the family is 10 to 15 meters.
- the voice collection device of the embodiment of the present invention limits the frequency resonance point of the microphone 12 to the range of the pitch frequency of the male or female voice by setting the sound cavity 122 for the microphone 12, and amplifies the voice of the person by using the cavity 122 to resonate.
- the signal and noise of other frequencies are amplified or attenuated, which greatly increases the gain of the speech signal, thereby increasing the speech recognition distance, thereby increasing the voice control distance of the voice control device and improving the convenience of voice control. Sex.
- the present invention also provides a home appliance device, which includes a voice collection device, the voice collection device includes a microphone assembly 10, the microphone assembly 10 includes a wheat jacket 11 and a microphone 12, and the wheat jacket 11 is provided with a microphone hole 121 and a sound that are connected to each other.
- the cavity 122 has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cavity 122, the microphone 12 is received in the sound cavity 122, and the microphone 12 and the hole 121 have a frequency resonance point of the microphone 12 limited to the male or female voice. Cavities within the pitch frequency range.
- the voice collection device described in this embodiment is a voice collection device according to the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, and details are not described herein again.
- the home appliance of the embodiment of the present invention adopts the voice collection device of the foregoing embodiment, and by setting the sound cavity 122 for the microphone 12, the frequency resonance point of the microphone 12 is limited to the pitch frequency range of the male or female voice, and the sound cavity 122 is used for resonance.
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Abstract
本发明揭示了一种语音采集装置和家电设备,所述装置包括麦克风组件,麦克风组件包括麦套和麦克风,麦套设置有相互连通的麦孔和音腔,麦孔的直径小于音腔的直径,麦克风容置于音腔内,且麦克风与麦孔之间具有一个将麦克风的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内的空腔。本发明实施例所提供的一种语音采集装置,通过为麦克风设置音腔,将麦克风的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内,采用音腔谐振的方式将人讲话的声音放大数倍,而其它频率的信号和噪音则放大较小或加以衰减,极大的提高了语音信号的增益,从而增加了语音识别距离,进而增加了声控设备的声控距离,提升了语音操控的便捷性。
Description
本发明涉及电子技术领域,特别是涉及到一种语音采集装置和家电设备。
随着语音识别技术的发展,语音控制(简称声控)逐渐应用于各种电子设备,特别是家电设备的应用越来越广泛。利用语音识别技术,用户只需发出简单的语音指令就可以轻松控制各种家电设备,例如,睡觉时用户在床上就可以通过语音指令控制空调、风扇、电灯等家电设备,早上起床时用户在床上就可以通过语音指令控制电视、音响、热水器等家电设备,为用户的生活提供了极大的便利。
在家庭应用环境下,通常噪音干扰较小,不需要很强的降噪效果,但需要有足够的声控距离。但目前的家电设备的声控距离都只有五米左右,用户需要比较靠近家电设备才能进行语音控制,这为语音操控带来了不便。
因此,如何增加家电设备的声控距离,是当前亟需解决的技术问题。
本发明的主要目的为提供一种语音采集装置和家电设备,旨在增加家电设备的声控距离,提升语音操控的便捷性。
为达以上目的,本发明实施例提出一种语音采集装置,所述装置包括麦克风组件,所述麦克风组件包括麦套和麦克风,所述麦套设置有相互连通的麦孔和音腔,所述麦孔的直径小于所述音腔的直径,所述麦克风容置于所述音腔内,且所述麦克风与所述麦孔之间具有一个将所述麦克风的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内的空腔。
可选地,所述麦克风为引线式麦克风,所述引线式麦克风***所述音腔内。
可选地,所述麦套为弹性体,所述音腔的直径小于所述麦克风的外径。
可选地,所述麦克风为贴片式麦克风,所述麦克风组件还包括PCB板,所述贴片式麦克风贴于所述PCB板上,且被紧压于所述PCB板上的麦套的音腔端口所包围密封。
可选地,所述麦孔的直径为0.8-1.5mm。
可选地,所述麦孔的深度为0.8-1.5mm。
可选地,所述装置还包括相互连接的同相求和放大器和处理单元,所述麦克风组件为两个,分别连接所述同相求和放大器,其中一个麦克风的频响谐振点在男声的基音频率范围内,另一个麦克风组件的频率谐振点在女声的基音频率范围内。
可选地,其中一个麦克风的频响谐振点为250-350HZ,另一个麦克风的频响谐振点为550-650HZ。
可选地,所述装置还包括自动增益控制电路,所述同相求和放大器通过所述自动增益控制电路连接所述处理单元。
可选地,所述装置还包括自动增益控制电路和处理单元,所述麦克风组件、所述自动增益控制电路和所述处理单元依次连接。
可选地,所述麦克风的频响谐振点为250-350HZ。
可选地,所述麦克风的频响谐振点为550-650HZ。
可选地,所述装置还包括处理单元,所述麦克风组件为两个,分别连接所述处理单元,其中一个麦克风的频响谐振点在男声的基音频率范围内,另一个麦克风组件的频率谐振点在女声的基音频率范围内,所述麦克风组件的麦克风为数字麦克风,所述处理单元设置为对两个麦克风组件发送的数字信号进行相加求和处理。
可选地,两个麦克风组件之间的距离小于1mm。
可选地,所述麦套为橡胶套。
可选地,所述装置应用于声控设备。
可选地,所述声控设备为家电设备。
可选地,所述家电设备为电视、音响、空调、窗帘控制***或灯光控制***。
本发明实施例还提出一种家电设备,所述家电设备包括一语音采集装置,所述语音采集装置包括麦克风组件,所述麦克风组件包括麦套和麦克风,所述麦套设置有相互连通的麦孔和音腔,所述麦孔的直径小于所述音腔的直径,所述麦克风容置于所述音腔内,且所述麦克风与所述麦孔之间具有一个将所述麦克风的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内的空腔。
本发明实施例所提供的一种语音采集装置,通过为麦克风设置音腔,将麦克风的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内,采用音腔谐振的方式将人讲话的声音放大数倍,而其它频率的信号和噪音则放大较小或加以衰减,极大的提高了语音信号的增益,从而增加了语音识别距离,进而增加了声控设备(如家电设备)的声控距离,提升了语音操控的便捷性。
图1是本发明的语音采集装置第一实施例的模块示意图;
图2是图1中的麦克风组件的结构示意图;
图3是图1中的麦克风组件的另一结构示意图;
图4是本发明的语音采集装置第二实施例的模块示意图;
图5是本发明的语音采集装置第三实施例的模块示意图;
图6是本发明的语音采集装置第四实施例的模块示意图;
图7是本发明的语音采集装置第五实施例的模块示意图。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例,参照附图做进一步说明。
应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,除非特意声明,这里使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”、“所述”和“该”也可包括复数形式。应该进一步理解的是,本发明的说明书中使用的措辞“包括”是指存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件,但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或它们的组。应该理解,当我们称元件被“连接”或“耦接”到另一元件时,它可以直接连接或耦接到其他元件,或者也可以存在中间元件。此外,这里使用的“连接”或“耦接”可以包括无线连接或无线耦接。这里使用的措辞“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出项的全部或任一单元和全部组合。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解,除非另外定义,这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语),具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是,诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语,应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义,并且除非像这里一样被特定定义,否则不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。
人类的声音的基音频率范围主要在82-1100HZ之间,其中男声的基音频率范围为82-523HZ,
女声的基音频率范围为160-1100HZ。如果只考虑语意识别,不考虑音色等个体差异化识别,只需要放大82~1100HZ频率范围的声音即可,这样处理制作语音指令样本库也相对简单,因为取样特征点数可以大大减少。有鉴于此,本发明实施例通过为麦克风设置音腔的方式,将麦克风的频响谐振点(频率响应的谐振点)限定在男声或女声的基音频率范围内,通过物理谐振的方法将人讲话的声音(82-1100HZ的语音信号)放大数倍,而其它频率的信号和噪音则放大较小或加以衰减,提高麦克风接收人讲话声音的增益,从而采用音腔谐振的方法提升了人声的频响,增加了语音识别距离。
本发明实施例的语音采集装置主要应用于家电设备、终端设备、玩具等声控设备,如电视、音响、空调、窗帘控制***或灯光控制***等家电设备。此外也可以应用于其它需要采集语音的设备,本发明对此不作限定。
参照图1,提出本发明的语音采集装置第一实施例,所述装置包括麦克风组件10和处理单元20,在某些实施例中,也可以省略处理单元20或将处理单元20替换为其它的部件。
如图2所示,本发明实施例中,麦克风组件10包括麦套11和麦克风12。麦套11优选为弹性体,如橡胶套,麦克风12可以采用ECM(Electret Condenser Microphone,驻极体)麦克风12或MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical System,微机电***)麦克风12,本发明实施例中的麦克风12为引线式麦克风12。
麦套11设置有相互连通的麦孔121和音腔122,麦孔121的直径小于音腔122的直径,麦孔121的直径优选为0.8-1.5mm,深度优先为0.8-1.5mm。麦克风12***音腔122内,且麦克风12与麦孔121之间留出一段距离,从而形成一个空腔,该空腔的体积以能够将麦克风12的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内为准,空腔的体积与麦克风12的频响谐振点负相关,即空腔体积越小则频响谐振点越高,空腔体积越大则频响谐振点越低。
音腔122的直径根据麦克风12的外径而定,优选稍微小于麦克风12的外径,以使麦克风12***音腔122时实现过盈配合,以增强音腔122开口端的密封性,防止漏音。麦克风12的直径一般有4mm、6mm、10mm等多种,在空间允许的情况下优选尺寸较大的麦克风12。
本发明实施例中麦套11和麦克风12均为圆柱形,在其它实施例中也可以为其它形状,本发明对此不作限定。
在某些实施例中,麦克风12也可以为贴片式麦克风12,此时麦克风组件10的结构如图3所示。该麦克风组件10还包括一PCB板13(Printed Circuit Board,印刷电路板),麦克风12粘贴于PCB板13上,且被紧压于PCB板13上的麦套11的音腔122端口所包围密封,以对音腔122的开口端进行密封,防止漏音。与相同尺寸的采用引线式麦克风12的音腔122相比,内部空腔的体积变大了,频响谐振频点则更低一些。
考虑到如果对200HZ以下的低频进行电信号放大时,容易将移动通讯射频发射产生的TDMA(Time Division
Multiple Access,时分多址)干扰噪声也放大。因此,本发明实施例优选通过调整麦克风12与麦孔121之间的空腔的体积(直径一定时调节空腔的高度),来将麦克风12的频响谐振点限定在300HZ或600HZ附近,如限定为250-350HZ或550-650HZ。
本发明实施例中,麦克风组件10接收语音信息,通过音腔122谐振的方式将300HZ或600HZ频率附近的语音信号放大,并发送给处理单元20。处理单元20对语音信号进行模数转换,将语音信号从模拟信号转换为数字信号,并对转换后的语音信号进行数字降噪、消回声处理,然后对语音信号进行语音识别,将识别结果与***预置的语音指令样本库进行语音指令匹配,当匹配上某条语音指令时,通过输入输出接口单元输出相应的信号从而执行相应的操作,例如控制家电的功能按键或转换为红外遥控输出。
由于只对语音信号进行了放大处理,因此大大增加了语音识别距离,将语音识别距离从通常的5米左右提高到10~15米,提高了家电遥控的便利性。
参照图4,提出本发明的语音采集装置第二实施例,本实施例在第一实施例的基础上增加了一自动增益控制电路30,麦克风组件10、自动增益控制电路30和处理单元20依次连接。自动增益控制电路30可以将信号增益控制在合适范围,防止近距离大信号输出时出现削顶失真而降低可识别度,提高了语音识别的准确性和可靠性。
参照图5,提出本发明的语音采集装置第三实施例,本实施例在第一实施例的基础上增加了一个麦克风组件10,即本发明实施例具有两个麦克风组件10,且两个麦克风组件10中的麦克风12为数字麦克风12。两个麦克风组件10分别连接处理单元20,直接输出数字信号给处理单元20,处理单元20无需进行模数转换处理。
两个麦克风组件10之间的距离越小越好,优选小于1mm,最好能紧贴在一起,以使两个麦克风组件10拾音的声音相位基本相同,有利于增强后续的信号增益。两个麦克风组件10中,其中一个麦克风12的频响谐振点在男声的基音频率范围内,250-350HZ,另一个麦克风组件10的频率谐振点在女声的基音频率范围内,如550-650HZ。
处理单元20对两个麦克风组件10发送的数字信号进行相加求和处理,进一步提高了信号增益,增加了语音识别距离和声控距离。并且遥控声音无论是男声还是女声,都能对其语音信号进行放大,增加语音识别距离和声控距离,拓展了适用范围。
参照图6,提出本发明的语音采集装置第四实施例,本实施例在第一实施例的基础上增加了一个麦克风组件10和一个同相求和放大器40,即本发明实施例具有两个麦克风组件10,且两个麦克风组件10中的麦克风12为模拟麦克风12。两个麦克风12分别连接同相求和放大器40,同相求和放大器40连接处理单元20。
两个麦克风组件10之间的距离越小越好,优选小于1mm,最好能紧贴在一起,以使两个麦克风组件10拾音的声音相位基本相同,有利于增强后续的信号增益。两个麦克风组件10中,其中一个麦克风12的频响谐振点在男声的基音频率范围内,250-350HZ,另一个麦克风组件10的频率谐振点在女声的基音频率范围内,如550-650HZ。
同相求和放大器40优选为300~2000HZ的带通滤波放大器,其对两个麦克风组件10发送的语音信号进行同相相加求和处理,进一步提高了信号增益,增加了语音识别距离和声控距离。并且遥控声音无论是男声还是女声,都能对其语音信号进行放大,增加语音识别距离和声控距离,拓展了适用范围。
本实施例的语音采集装置,通过麦克风12的音腔122设计将两只麦克风12的频响谐振点分别设计在300HZ、600HZ附近,再将两只麦克风12的输出信号相加以增强语音信号,从而以较低的成本将声控设备的语音识别距离和声控距离从通常的5米左右提高到10~15米,大大提高了家电设备声控的便利性。
参照图7,提出本发明的语音采集装置第五实施例,本实施例在第四实施例的基础上增加了自动增益控制电路30,同相求和放大器40通过该自动增益控制电路30连接处理单元20。自动增益控制电路30可以将信号增益控制在合适范围,防止近距离大信号输出时出现削顶失真而降低可识别度,提高了语音识别的准确性和可靠性。
本发明实施例中,如果需要进一步提高语音信号的增益,还可以进一步增加麦克风组件10的数量,如增加麦克风组件10的数量到三个、四个、五个等。但声控距离太远容易导致误动作,一般家庭使用目标声控距离以10~15米为宜。
本发明实施例的语音采集装置,通过为麦克风12设置音腔122,将麦克风12的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内,采用音腔122谐振的方式将人讲话的声音放大数倍,而其它频率的信号和噪音则放大较小或加以衰减,极大的提高了语音信号的增益,从而增加了语音识别距离,进而增加了声控设备的声控距离,提升了语音操控的便捷性。
本发明同时提出一种家电设备,该家电设备包括一语音采集装置,该语音采集装置包括麦克风组件10,麦克风组件10包括麦套11和麦克风12,麦套11设置有相互连通的麦孔121和音腔122,麦孔121的直径小于音腔122的直径,麦克风12容置于音腔122内,且麦克风12与麦孔121之间具有一个将麦克风12的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内的空腔。本实施例中所描述的语音采集装置为本发明中上述实施例所涉及的语音采集装置,在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例的家电设备,采用前述实施例的语音采集装置,通过为麦克风12设置音腔122,将麦克风12的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内,采用音腔122谐振的方式将人讲话的声音放大数倍,而其它频率的信号和噪音则放大较小或加以衰减,极大的提高了语音信号的增益,从而增加了语音识别距离和声控距离,提升了语音操控的便捷性。
以上参照附图说明了本发明的优选实施例,并非因此局限本发明的权利范围。本领域技术人员不脱离本发明的范围和实质,可以有多种变型方案实现本发明,比如作为一个实施例的特征可用于另一实施例而得到又一实施例。凡在运用本发明的技术构思之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进,均应在本发明的权利范围之内。
Claims (20)
- 一种语音采集装置,包括麦克风组件,所述麦克风组件包括麦套和麦克风,所述麦套设置有相互连通的麦孔和音腔,所述麦孔的直径小于所述音腔的直径,所述麦克风容置于所述音腔内,且所述麦克风与所述麦孔之间具有一个将所述麦克风的频响谐振点限制在男声或女声的基音频率范围内的空腔。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦克风为引线式麦克风,所述引线式麦克风***所述音腔内。
- 根据权利要求2所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦套为弹性体,所述音腔的直径小于所述麦克风的外径。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦克风为贴片式麦克风,所述麦克风组件还包括PCB板,所述贴片式麦克风贴于所述PCB板上,且被紧压于所述PCB板上的麦套的音腔端口所包围密封。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦孔的直径为0.8-1.5mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦孔的深度为0.8-1.5mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述装置还包括相互连接的同相求和放大器和处理单元,所述麦克风组件为两个,分别连接所述同相求和放大器,其中一个麦克风的频响谐振点在男声的基音频率范围内,另一个麦克风组件的频率谐振点在女声的基音频率范围内。
- 根据权利要求7所述的语音采集装置,其中,其中一个麦克风的频响谐振点为250-350HZ,另一个麦克风的频响谐振点为550-650HZ。
- 根据权利要求7所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述装置还包括自动增益控制电路,所述同相求和放大器通过所述自动增益控制电路连接所述处理单元。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述装置还包括自动增益控制电路和处理单元,所述麦克风组件、所述自动增益控制电路和所述处理单元依次连接。
- 根据权利要求10所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦克风的频响谐振点为250-350HZ。
- 根据权利要求10所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦克风的频响谐振点为550-650HZ。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述装置还包括处理单元,所述麦克风组件为两个,分别连接所述处理单元,其中一个麦克风的频响谐振点在男声的基音频率范围内,另一个麦克风组件的频率谐振点在女声的基音频率范围内,所述麦克风组件的麦克风为数字麦克风,所述处理单元设置为对两个麦克风组件发送的数字信号进行相加求和处理。
- 根据权利要求13所述的语音采集装置,其中,其中一个麦克风的频响谐振点为250-350HZ,另一个麦克风的频响谐振点为550-650HZ。
- 根据权利要求7所述的语音采集装置,其中,两个麦克风组件之间的距离小于1mm。
- 根据权利要求3所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述麦套为橡胶套。
- 根据权利要求1所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述装置应用于声控设备。
- 根据权利要求17所述的语音采集装置,其中,所述声控设备为家电设备。
- 根据权利要求18所述的,其中,所述家电设备为电视、音响、空调、窗帘控制***或灯光控制***。
- 一种家电设备,包括如权利要求1所述的语音采集装置。
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WO2016202790A2 (de) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Mems-wandler zum interagieren mit einem volumenstrom eines fluids und verfahren zum herstellen desselben |
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CN112202778A (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | 一种信息处理方法、装置和电子设备 |
CN112202778B (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-09-23 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | 一种信息处理方法、装置和电子设备 |
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