WO2019128265A1

WO2019128265A1 - Multi-nozzle compacting 3d printer and printing method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2019128265A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/101802
Authority: WO
Inventors: 武桢
Original assignee: 广东科达洁能股份有限公司
Priority date: 2017-12-27
Filing date: 2018-08-22
Publication date: 2019-07-04
Also published as: CN107984754A

Abstract

A multi-nozzle compacting 3D printer, comprising a printing frame (2) disposed in a vacuum chamber. The printing frame (2) is provided with a printing module group; the printing module group comprises a plurality of printing modules (1, 11, 12, …, N); the printing modules (1, 11, 12, …, N) are arranged above a printing platform carrying a printing article; the distance between each of the printing modules (1, 11, 12, …, N) and the printing platform is successively increased; the printing modules (1, 11, 12, …, N) can move relative to the printing platform. The printing platform comprises a fixed platform (8) and a mobile platform (10); the mobile platform (10) moves up and down to form a printing cavity (101) with the fixed platform (8); printing nozzles perform printing in the printing cavity (101). The printer, by further arranging a squeegee device (3), a pressure roller (7) and a laser device (5), performs strike off and compaction operations on a single-layer printing layer and compacts the distance among various article layers of the printing article and the gap among powder particles, and thus enables a closer bond among the powder particles. The printer uses the plurality of printing modules (1, 11, 12, …, N) for parallel printing, thus improving printing efficiency.

Description

一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机及其打印方法Multi-nozzle pressing type 3D printer and printing method thereof

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及3D打印机领域，特别是涉及一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机及其打印方法。The present invention relates to the field of 3D printers, and more particularly to a multi-nozzle compact type 3D printer and a printing method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

现有技术中，金属模具、陶瓷用品、刀具、厨具等物品的制造采用传统砂模法等手段生产，效率很低，成本高。In the prior art, the manufacture of metal molds, ceramics, knives, kitchen utensils, and the like is produced by a conventional sand mold method, and the efficiency is low and the cost is high.

3D打印是快速成型技术的一种，它是一种以数字模型文件为基础，运用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。3D printing is a kind of rapid prototyping technology. It is a technique for constructing objects by layer-by-layer printing based on digital model files and using adhesive materials such as powder metal or plastic.

3D打印机通过读取文件中的横截面信息，用液体状、粉状或片状的材料将这些截面逐层地打印出来，再将各层截面以各种方式粘合起来从而制造出一个实体。这种技术的特点在于其几乎可以造出任何形状的物品。3D打印常在模具制造、工业设计等领域被用于制造模型，后逐渐用于一些产品的直接制造，已经有使用这种技术打印而成的零部件。该技术在珠宝、鞋类、工业设计、建筑、工程和施工(AEC)、汽车，航空航天、牙科和医疗产业、教育、地理信息***、土木工程、***以及其他领域都有所应用。By reading the cross-sectional information in the document, the 3D printer prints the sections layer by layer with a liquid, powder or sheet material, and then bonds the layers in various ways to create an entity. This technology is characterized in that it can produce almost any shape of the item. 3D printing is often used to make models in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design, etc., and is gradually used for direct manufacturing of some products. Parts that have been printed using this technology have been used. The technology is used in the jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms and other fields.

一般的3D打印机均采用打印头逐层打印，首先通过计算机建模，生成三维模型切片和逐层的截面信息，打印机读取上述信息并用液体状、粉末状或片状的材料将这些截面信息逐层打印出来，各层截面间以各种方式粘合起来形成打印物品。然而，每层打印层之间的粘连度和粉末粒子之间的间隙会影响成型后打印物品表面的粗糙度和强度，粉末粒子之间的空隙过大会造成收缩变形甚至开裂等严重后果。General 3D printers use printhead layer-by-layer printing. First, computer modeling is used to generate 3D model slices and layer-by-layer cross-section information. The printer reads the above information and uses the liquid, powder or sheet material to make the cross-section information. The layers are printed and the layers are bonded together in various ways to form a printed article. However, the degree of adhesion between each printed layer and the gap between the powder particles may affect the roughness and strength of the surface of the printed article after molding, and the excessive voids between the powder particles may cause serious consequences such as shrinkage deformation or even cracking.

CN201610583348.7公开了一种新型3D打印机，本发明公开了一种新型3D打印机，包括计算机、二氧化碳激光器和微处理器，计算机的右侧设置有微处理器，且计算机的下方设置有二氧化碳激光器，二氧化碳激光器的右端设置有激光发射管，激光发射管的右侧设置有扫描镜，扫描镜的下方设置有信号接收器，且信号接收器安装在滑板上，滑板的左右两端设置有滑槽，且滑板的下方设置有喷料头，喷料头的下方设置有热压辊，热压辊在打印时可以实现快速加热，使快速打印的材料迅速烘干，热压辊的下方设置有加工升降台，加工升降台的左右两侧设置有3D成像装置。该发明的3D打印机在打印过程中气压机可以通过伸缩杆对铸模托盘进行下降，方便供下一层堆叠上来，加快了打印速度。但是该发明没有解决减小打印物品中的粉末粒子之间的间隙问题，成型后的打印物品强度较低。CN201610583348.7 discloses a novel 3D printer, which discloses a novel 3D printer, comprising a computer, a carbon dioxide laser and a microprocessor, a microprocessor is arranged on the right side of the computer, and a carbon dioxide laser is arranged under the computer. The right end of the carbon dioxide laser is provided with a laser emitting tube, a scanning mirror is arranged on the right side of the laser emitting tube, a signal receiver is arranged below the scanning mirror, and the signal receiver is mounted on the sliding plate, and the left and right ends of the sliding plate are provided with a sliding slot. A spray head is arranged under the slide plate, and a hot press roll is arranged under the spray head. The hot press roll can be quickly heated during printing, so that the quickly printed material is quickly dried, and the lower part of the hot press roll is provided with processing lifting. A 3D imaging device is disposed on the left and right sides of the processing elevator. In the 3D printer of the invention, during the printing process, the air press can lower the mold tray through the telescopic rod, which is convenient for the next layer to be stacked, thereby speeding up the printing speed. However, this invention does not solve the problem of reducing the gap between the powder particles in the printed article, and the strength of the printed article after molding is low.

CN201610017185.6公开了一种基于柱坐标式多喷头打印的3D打印机，该方案采用平面极坐标机构实现喷嘴的平面运动，搭配Z方向的运动，实现基于空间柱坐标的轨迹的打印运动，并且可通过调整极坐标平面打印机构的层数和极坐标平面打印机构内喷头的数目来调整喷头，实现多喷头打印。但是，上述技术方案均不适于打印粉状原材料的物品，无法解决层与层之间的结合问题，上述技术方案不适于打印以粉体材料为原来的金属模具、陶瓷用品、刀具、厨具等产品。CN201610017185.6 discloses a 3D printer based on cylindrical coordinate multi-nozzle printing, which adopts a plane polar coordinate mechanism to realize the plane motion of the nozzle, and cooperates with the movement in the Z direction to realize the printing motion of the track based on the spatial column coordinates, and can The nozzle is adjusted by adjusting the number of layers of the polar coordinate printing mechanism and the number of nozzles in the polar coordinate printing mechanism to realize multi-nozzle printing. However, the above technical solutions are not suitable for printing articles of powdery raw materials, and the problem of bonding between layers is not solved. The above technical solution is not suitable for printing metal molds, ceramics, knives, kitchen utensils, etc., which are powder materials. .

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明的目的之一在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机，该打印机设置的多个打印模块在打印腔内可同时工作打印不同的物品层，打印机通过设置刮板装置、压辊和激光装置，对打印腔内逐层打印的若干打印层进行刮平和压紧处理，同时激光装置对打印层的上表面进行激光熔融处理，使所述打印模块组在进行下一组打印层打印时与上一组打印层之间进行连接紧密。One of the objects of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a multi-nozzle compression type 3D printer, wherein a plurality of printing modules provided in the printer can simultaneously work to print different item layers in the printing cavity, and the printer passes the setting. The squeegee device, the pressure roller and the laser device perform flattening and pressing treatment on a plurality of printing layers printed in layers in the printing cavity, and the laser device performs laser melting processing on the upper surface of the printing layer to make the printing module group perform The next set of print layers is printed tightly with the previous set of print layers.

为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机，包括设置于真空室内的打印机架，所述打印机架上设置打印模块组，所述打印模块组包括多个打印模块、所述打印模块设置于承载打印物品的打印平台的上方，多个所述打印模块依次排列，每个所述打印模块与所述打印平台的距离依次增加，所述打印模块和所述打印平台之间可相对运动；A multi-nozzle compression type 3D printer includes a printer rack disposed in a vacuum chamber, the printer rack is provided with a printing module group, the printing module group includes a plurality of printing modules, and the printing module is disposed on a carrying printed article. Above the printing platform, a plurality of the printing modules are sequentially arranged, and a distance between each of the printing modules and the printing platform is sequentially increased, and a relative movement between the printing module and the printing platform is possible;

其中，所述多个打印模块可同时工作，不同高度的打印模块分别打印对应的物品层，即在其中一个打印模块打印完成一个物品层的一部分时，相邻的打印模块接着在上述物品层的上表面打印下一个物品层；所述打印模块包括胶体喷头和给粉装置，所述胶体喷头喷射用于粘结粉体的胶滴，所述给粉装置将所述打印物品的原料粉体喷射到所述胶滴上，所述打印模块在所述打印平台上进行打印物品的逐层打印；Wherein, the plurality of printing modules can work simultaneously, and the printing modules of different heights respectively print corresponding item layers, that is, when one of the printing modules prints a part of an item layer, the adjacent printing module is then at the item layer Printing a next item layer on the upper surface; the printing module includes a glue head and a powder feeding device, the glue head spraying a glue droplet for bonding the powder, and the powder feeding device jets the raw material powder of the printed article On the glue droplet, the printing module performs layer-by-layer printing of the printed article on the printing platform;

所述打印机还包括打印平台机架，所述打印平台设置在所述打印平台机架上，所述打印平台包括固定平台和移动平台，所述移动平台紧邻所述固定平台设置，所述移动平台上下移动与所述固定平台之间形成打印腔，所述打印模块在所述打印腔内进行打印；所述打印平台机架上还安装压辊，所述压辊置于所述打印平台上，所述压辊沿所述打印模块运行的方向滚动，所述压辊对打印物品进行压紧处理；所述打印机架上设置刮板装置，所述刮板装置沿所述打印模块运行的方向设置于所述打印模块组的两侧，所述刮板装置将位于所述打印腔之外的打印物品刮除。The printer further includes a printing platform rack, the printing platform is disposed on the printing platform rack, the printing platform includes a fixed platform and a mobile platform, and the mobile platform is disposed adjacent to the fixed platform, the mobile platform Forming a printing cavity between the upper and lower movements and the fixed platform, the printing module performs printing in the printing cavity; the printing platform frame is further provided with a pressing roller, and the pressing roller is placed on the printing platform, The pressing roller rolls in a direction in which the printing module runs, the pressing roller performs a pressing process on the printed article; the printer frame is provided with a scraping device, and the scraping device is disposed along a direction in which the printing module operates On both sides of the set of printing modules, the squeegee device scrapes off printed items located outside of the printing chamber.

优选的，所述打印机架上还设置抽吸装置，所述抽吸装置沿所述打印模块运行的方向设置在所述刮板装置的一侧，所述抽吸装置将刮除后的胶滴和粉体吸走，所述打印模块组沿其运行方向的两侧分别设置至少一个所述刮板装置和一个所述抽吸装置。Preferably, the printer frame is further provided with a suction device, the suction device is disposed on one side of the squeegee device in a direction in which the printing module operates, and the suction device will scrape the glue droplets And the powder is sucked away, and the printing module group is provided with at least one of the squeegee device and one of the suction devices respectively on both sides of the running direction thereof.

优选的，各打印模块与所述打印平台的距离可调，和/或各打印模块之间的距离可调；相邻两个打印模块之间在垂直于所述打印平台的方向上的距离等于打印物品单个打印层的厚度，所述打印腔的高度与所述打印模块组打印的若干物品层叠加的高度相同。Preferably, the distance between each printing module and the printing platform is adjustable, and/or the distance between the printing modules is adjustable; the distance between two adjacent printing modules in a direction perpendicular to the printing platform is equal to The thickness of a single print layer of the article is printed, the height of the print cavity being the same as the height of the stack of several articles printed by the set of print modules.

优选的，所述打印机架上还设置有激光装置，所述激光装置设置在所述打印模块组的两侧，所述激光装置对打印物品的表面进行激光熔融处理，使所述打印模块组在进行下一组打印层打印时与上一组打印层之间进行连接紧密。Preferably, the printer frame is further provided with a laser device, the laser device is disposed on two sides of the printing module group, and the laser device performs laser melting processing on the surface of the printed article to make the printing module group The next set of print layers are printed with a tight connection between the previous set of print layers.

优选的，所述固定平台包括左固定平台和右固定平台，所述移动平台设置在所述左固定平台和所述右固定平台之间，所述移动平台和所述左固定平台、右固定平台之间形成所述打印腔，所述打印腔的高度随着所述移动平台的上下移动变化。Preferably, the fixed platform comprises a left fixed platform and a right fixed platform, the mobile platform is disposed between the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform, the mobile platform and the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform The printing chamber is formed between the heights of the printing chambers as a function of the up and down movement of the moving platform.

优选的，所述固定平台的中间设置多边形通孔，所述移动平台的形状与所述通孔的形状相同，所述移动平台置于所述通孔内且紧贴所述通孔的内壁。Preferably, a polygonal through hole is disposed in the middle of the fixed platform, and the shape of the moving platform is the same as the shape of the through hole, and the moving platform is placed in the through hole and abuts against an inner wall of the through hole.

优选的，所述固定平台和所述移动平台接触的位置设置有导向结构和高度检测仪，所述导向结构为导轨导槽结构，所述高度检测仪通过检测所述移动平台移动的距离来确定所述打印腔的高度。Preferably, the fixed platform and the moving platform are in contact with a guiding structure and a height detector, and the guiding structure is a guiding rail structure, and the height detector determines by detecting a distance moved by the moving platform. The height of the printing chamber.

优选的，所述固定平台上设置限位结构，所述限位结构设置在所述固定平台的侧壁上，所述限位结构防止所述移动平台离开所述打印腔。Preferably, the fixing platform is provided with a limiting structure, and the limiting structure is disposed on a sidewall of the fixed platform, and the limiting structure prevents the moving platform from leaving the printing cavity.

优选的，所述移动平台为圆形，所述打印机架上设置中心支架，所述中心支架位于所述打印平台正上方，所述中心支架上连接打印机械臂、刮板机械臂和压辊机械臂，所述打印机械臂、刮板机械臂和压辊机械臂绕着所述中心支架与所述移动平台做相对旋转运动；所述打印模块组安装在所述打印机械臂上，所述刮板装置安装在所述刮板机械臂上，所述压辊机械臂上安装有压辊，所述打印模块、刮板装置和压辊与所述中心支架的距离相同，所述打印模块、刮板装置和压辊与所述中心支架之间的距离可以调节。Preferably, the mobile platform is circular, the printer frame is provided with a center bracket, and the center bracket is located directly above the printing platform, and the central bracket is connected with a printing robot arm, a scraper robot arm and a pressure roller machine. An arm, the printing robot arm, the squeegee robot arm and the pressure roller robot arm rotate relative to the moving platform about the center bracket; the printing module group is mounted on the printing robot arm, the scraping a plate device is mounted on the squeegee robot arm, and a pressure roller is mounted on the pressure roller robot arm, and the printing module, the squeegee device and the pressure roller are at the same distance from the center bracket, the printing module, the scraping The distance between the plate device and the pressure roller and the center bracket can be adjusted.

本发明的目的之二在于提供一种上述3D打印机的打印方法，采取的技术方案如下：Another object of the present invention is to provide a printing method for the above 3D printer, and the technical solution adopted is as follows:

一种打印机的打印方法，所述打印方法包括以下步骤：A printing method of a printer, the printing method comprising the following steps:

(1)获取物品的打印数据信息并传输至控制器；所述控制器根据所述打印数据信息生成相应的打印指令；(1) acquiring print data information of the article and transmitting to the controller; the controller generates a corresponding print instruction according to the print data information;

(2)所述打印指令驱动所述打印模块相对于所述打印平台进行往复式直线运动或旋转运动；或者，所述打印指令驱动所述打印平台相对于所述打印模块进行往复式直线运动或旋转运动；(2) the printing instruction drives the printing module to perform a reciprocating linear motion or a rotary motion with respect to the printing platform; or the printing instruction drives the printing platform to perform a reciprocating linear motion with respect to the printing module or Rotational motion

(3)在步骤(2)进行的同时，所述打印指令驱动所述打印模块同时工作，所述打印模块在所述打印腔中沿所述移动平台的X轴方向和Y轴方向打印物品层，或沿所述移动平台的中心旋转打印物品层，所述刮板装置随着所述打印模块的运行将位于所述打印腔之外的打印物品刮除；所述打印模块组在所述打印腔内打印完成若干物品层后，所述移动平台上升使若干物品层上移一部分，所述压辊沿所述打印模块运行的轨迹向前运行，所述压辊对上升后的若干物品层进行滚动压紧处理；(3) while the step (2) is being performed, the printing instruction drives the printing module to work simultaneously, and the printing module prints an item layer along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the moving platform in the printing cavity Or rotating the printed article layer along a center of the moving platform, the squeegee device scraping off printed items located outside the printing chamber as the printing module operates; the printing module group is in the printing After printing in the cavity to complete a plurality of article layers, the moving platform rises to move a part of the article layer up, and the pressing roller runs forward along the trajectory of the printing module, and the pressing roller performs the raised plurality of article layers. Rolling compression process;

(4)经过压辊压紧处理后的若干物品层随着移动平台的下降下移至所述打印腔内，且经过压紧后的打印物品高度低于所述打印腔的高度，调节所述打印模块高度在所述打印腔内的物品层上继续进行下一层打印。(4) a plurality of article layers after being pressed by the pressing roller are moved down into the printing cavity as the moving platform is lowered, and the height of the pressed printed article is lower than the height of the printing cavity, and the adjustment is performed. The print module height continues the next layer of printing on the item layer within the print cavity.

与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益的技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

本发明采用多个打印模块同时并行打印的手段，大大提高了打印效率。打印模块包括胶体喷头、给粉装置，打印机尤其适用于打印以粉体材料为原料的物品，各打印层之间通过胶滴进行粘结固定。抽吸装置可将多余的粉体和胶滴吸走循环利用，并且各打印模块均置于真空室中，防止粉体污染环境。各打印模块与打印平台之间的高度差可调、打印模块内部的胶体喷头、给粉装置与打印平台的高度差也可调，这样设置便于针对不同的打印对象设置不同的打印层厚度。The invention adopts the means of simultaneous printing by multiple printing modules, which greatly improves the printing efficiency. The printing module comprises a glue nozzle and a powder feeding device, and the printer is particularly suitable for printing articles made of powder materials, and the printing layers are bonded and fixed by glue droplets. The suction device can take away excess powder and glue droplets for recycling, and each printing module is placed in a vacuum chamber to prevent the powder from polluting the environment. The height difference between each printing module and the printing platform is adjustable, the height difference between the glue nozzle inside the printing module, the powder feeding device and the printing platform is also adjustable, and the setting is convenient for setting different printing layer thicknesses for different printing objects.

本发明打印喷头在所述打印腔中打印物品层，刮板装置随着打印模块的运行将位于打印腔之外的打印物品刮除；打印腔内打印完成一组若干物品层后，移动平台上升使一组物品层上移一部分，压辊向打印喷头运行的方向向前运行，压辊对上升后的物品进行滚动压紧处理；采用刮板装置、压辊对单层打印层进行刮平和压紧处理，可以使打印物品中的粉末粒子之间的间隙得到压缩变小，使粉末粒子之间的结合更加紧密，同时使各物品层之间间距变小，避免粉末粒子之间的空隙过大会造成收缩变形甚至开裂等严重后果。刮板装置使物品层的表面更加光滑便于下一组物品层的打印堆叠。本发明的打印腔是在移动平台和固定平台之间形成的，通过调节移动平台的高度来调节打印腔的深度，根据不同的打印物品需求，设置合适的打印腔高度打印物品层，确保每一层物品层中的粉末粒子之间的间隙不会因为物品层高度过大导致物品层出现疏松情况。打印机架上还设置有激光装置，激光装置紧邻所述打印喷头设置，激光装置对打印物品的表面进行激光熔融处理，使上一组打印层和下一组打印层之间产生二次凝固，使下一组打印层打印时与上一组打印层之间进行连接紧密。The printing nozzle of the invention prints an item layer in the printing cavity, and the squeegee device scrapes off the printed item located outside the printing cavity along with the operation of the printing module; after printing a set of several item layers in the printing cavity, the moving platform rises Moving a group of articles up a part, the pressure roller runs forward in the direction in which the printing nozzle runs, the pressing roller performs rolling pressing on the raised articles; the single layer printing layer is flattened and pressed by the scraper device and the pressing roller The tight treatment can make the gap between the powder particles in the printed article become smaller, so that the bonding between the powder particles is more compact, and the spacing between the layers of the articles is made smaller, and the gap between the powder particles is prevented from being excessive. Causes serious consequences such as shrinkage deformation and even cracking. The squeegee device smoothes the surface of the article layer to facilitate the printing stack of the next set of article layers. The printing cavity of the invention is formed between the moving platform and the fixed platform, and the depth of the printing cavity is adjusted by adjusting the height of the moving platform, and according to different printing article requirements, setting a suitable printing cavity height to print the item layer, ensuring each The gap between the powder particles in the layer of the layer does not cause looseness of the layer of the article due to the excessive height of the layer of the article. The printing frame is further provided with a laser device disposed adjacent to the printing nozzle, and the laser device performs laser melting treatment on the surface of the printed article to cause secondary solidification between the upper printing layer and the next printing layer. The next set of print layers is printed tightly with the previous set of print layers.

附图说明DRAWINGS

图1为本发明公开的单个打印模块的示意图；1 is a schematic view of a single printing module disclosed in the present invention;

图2为本发明公开的实施例一的主视示意图；2 is a front elevational view showing a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

图3为本发明公开的实施例一的俯视示意图；3 is a top plan view of a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

图4为本发明公开的实施例二的俯视示意图；4 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

图5为本发明公开的实施例三的结构视示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG.

图6为本发明公开的实施例三的俯视示意图。FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1-3所示，一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机，包括设置于真空室内的打印机架2，所述打印机架2上设置打印模块组，所述打印模块组包括多个打印模块、所述打印模块设置于承载打印物品的打印平台的上方，多个所述打印模块依次排列，每个所述打印模块与所述打印平台的距离依次增加，所述打印模块和所述打印平台之间可相对运动。As shown in FIG. 1-3, a multi-nozzle compression type 3D printer includes a printer frame 2 disposed in a vacuum chamber. The printer frame 2 is provided with a printing module group, and the printing module group includes a plurality of printing modules. The printing module is disposed above the printing platform that carries the printed article, and the plurality of printing modules are sequentially arranged, and the distance between each of the printing modules and the printing platform is sequentially increased, and the printing module and the printing platform are sequentially It can move relative to each other.

其中，所述多个打印模块可同时工作，不同高度的打印模块分别打印对应的物品层，即在其中一个打印模块打印完成一个物品层的一部分时，相邻的打印模块接着在上述物品层的上表面打印下一个物品层；所述打印模块包括胶体喷头和给粉装置，其中，胶体喷头包括胶体输送装置131和胶体喷嘴141，给粉装置包括粉体输送装置111和粉体喷嘴121，所述胶体喷头喷射用于粘结粉体的胶滴，所述给粉装置将所述打印物品的原料粉体喷射到所述胶滴上，所述打印模块在所述打印平台上进行打印物品的逐层打印。Wherein, the plurality of printing modules can work simultaneously, and the printing modules of different heights respectively print corresponding item layers, that is, when one of the printing modules prints a part of an item layer, the adjacent printing module is then at the item layer The upper surface prints a next item layer; the printing module comprises a glue nozzle and a powder feeding device, wherein the glue nozzle comprises a colloid conveying device 131 and a colloid nozzle 141, and the powder feeding device comprises a powder conveying device 111 and a powder nozzle 121. The colloid nozzle sprays a glue droplet for bonding a powder, and the powder feeding device sprays a raw material powder of the printed article onto the glue droplet, and the printing module prints an article on the printing platform. Print layer by layer.

所述打印机还包括打印平台机架6，所述打印平台设置在所述打印平台机架6上，所述打印平台包括固定平台8和移动平台10，所述移动平台10紧邻所述固定平台8设置，所述移动平台10上下移动与所述固定平台8之间形成打印腔101，所述打印模块在所述打印腔101内进行打印；所述打印平台机架2上还安装压辊7，所述压辊7置于所述打印平台上，所述压辊7沿所述打印模块运行的方向滚动，具体的，所述压辊7的两端沿所述打印平台机架2上的滑槽移动，所述压辊7对打印物品进行压紧处理；所述打印机架2上设置刮板装置3，所述刮板装置3沿所述打印模块运行的方向设置于所述打印模块组的两侧，所述刮板装置3将位于所述打印腔101之外的打印物品刮除。The printer further includes a printing platform rack 6 disposed on the printing platform rack 6. The printing platform includes a fixed platform 8 and a mobile platform 10, and the mobile platform 10 is adjacent to the fixed platform 8 a printing chamber 101 is formed between the up and down movement of the mobile platform 10 and the fixed platform 8. The printing module performs printing in the printing cavity 101; the printing platform frame 2 is further provided with a pressing roller 7, The pressing roller 7 is placed on the printing platform, and the pressing roller 7 rolls in the direction in which the printing module operates. Specifically, both ends of the pressing roller 7 slide along the printing platform frame 2. The groove is moved, the pressing roller 7 performs a pressing process on the printed article; the printer frame 2 is provided with a squeegee device 3, and the squeegee device 3 is disposed in the printing module group in a direction in which the printing module operates On both sides, the squeegee device 3 scrapes off printed articles located outside the printing chamber 101.

所述打印机架2上还设置抽吸装置4，所述抽吸装置4沿所述打印模块运行的方向设置在所述刮板装置3的一侧，所述抽吸装置4将刮除后的胶滴和粉体吸走。具体地，所述抽吸装置4可采用真空泵。所述打印模块沿其运行方向的两侧分别设置至少一个所述刮板装置3和一个所述抽吸装置4。优选的，即在打印模块的左侧和右侧均设置一个刮板装置3和一个抽吸装置4，实现往复过程中的刮平处理和抽吸处理。The printer holder 2 is further provided with a suction device 4, which is disposed on one side of the squeegee device 3 in the direction in which the printing module operates, and the suction device 4 will be scraped off. The glue drops and the powder are sucked away. Specifically, the suction device 4 may employ a vacuum pump. The printing module is provided with at least one of the squeegee device 3 and one of the suction devices 4 on both sides in its running direction. Preferably, a squeegee device 3 and a suction device 4 are provided on the left and right sides of the printing module to achieve a flattening process and a suction process during the reciprocating process.

实施例一 Embodiment 1

参见图1-3，本实施例公开了一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机，该3D打印机包括移动平台10、真空室、多个打印模块1、11、12、……、N。所述多个打印模块均设置于真空室内，并且在所述移动平台10的上方依次设置，与所述移动平台10的距离最小的打印模块1为第一打印模块，紧邻第一打印模块1的打印模块为第二打印模块11，依次类推，与移动平台10的距离最大的打印模块为第N打印模块。上述移动平台10为一水平布置的可升降的平台，多个所述打印模块在所述移动平台10的上方直线依次设置，并且从第一打印模块1至第N打印模块，其距离所述移动平台10的距离逐渐增大。优选地，两两相邻的两个打印模块之间的高度差相等。具体地，所述打印模块通过可调的方式固定在所述移动平台10的上方。Referring to Figures 1-3, the present embodiment discloses a multi-nozzle compression type 3D printer comprising a mobile platform 10, a vacuum chamber, and a plurality of

printing modules

1, 11, 12, ..., N. The plurality of printing modules are disposed in the vacuum chamber, and are disposed in sequence above the moving platform 10, and the printing module 1 having the smallest distance from the moving platform 10 is the first printing module, and is adjacent to the first printing module 1. The printing module is the second printing module 11, and so on, and the printing module having the largest distance from the mobile platform 10 is the Nth printing module. The mobile platform 10 is a horizontally arranged liftable platform, and the plurality of print modules are arranged in a straight line above the mobile platform 10, and the distance from the first print module 1 to the Nth print module is The distance of the platform 10 gradually increases. Preferably, the height difference between two adjacent two printing modules is equal. Specifically, the printing module is fixed above the mobile platform 10 in an adjustable manner.

参见图2，打印时，根据打印指令，控制器控制所述多个打印模块可同时工作，不同高度的打印模块分别打印对应的物品层。即所述第一打印模块1打印物品的第一层，第二打印模块11打印物品的第二层，第N打印模块打印物品的第N层。并且，在所述第一打印模块1打印第一层的一部分后，第二打印模块11紧接着在所述第一层的上表面进行打印，所述第二打印模块11打印一部分后，所述第三打印模块12紧接着在所述第二层上表面进行打印，依此类推，第N打印模块打印物品的最后一层至打印完毕，这样就实现了在打印腔101内多喷头并行工作同时打印多层。打印模块组在打印腔101内可以完成一组若干打印层的打印，与单喷头相比，该方案理论上可以实现N倍的打印速度，但由于后一层跟随前一层打印有一定的滞后性，实际打印速度在0.7-0.9N倍单喷头3D打印机的打印速度之间。Referring to FIG. 2, when printing, according to the printing instruction, the controller controls the plurality of printing modules to work simultaneously, and the printing modules of different heights respectively print corresponding item layers. That is, the first printing module 1 prints the first layer of the article, the second printing module 11 prints the second layer of the article, and the Nth printing module prints the Nth layer of the article. And, after the first printing module 1 prints a part of the first layer, the second printing module 11 performs printing on the upper surface of the first layer, and after the second printing module 11 prints a part, the The third printing module 12 then prints on the upper surface of the second layer, and so on, the Nth printing module prints the last layer of the article to the printing, thus realizing the parallel operation of multiple nozzles in the printing cavity 101. Print multiple layers. The printing module group can complete printing of a plurality of printing layers in the printing cavity 101. Compared with the single nozzle, the solution can theoretically achieve N times printing speed, but the latter layer has a certain lag after following the previous layer printing. Sex, the actual print speed is between 0.7-0.9N times the print speed of a single-head 3D printer.

优选地，所述打印平台机架6可相对于所述打印模块作直线往复运动，使所述移动平台10依次经过多个打印模块的正下方。当然，也可以是这样的方案，即所述打印平台机架6固定不动，所述打印模块可相对于所述移动平台10作直线往复运动。优选地，各所述打印模块与所述打印平台之间的距离均可调，相邻两个打印模块之间在垂直于所述打印平台的方向上的距离等于打印物品单个打印层的厚度。针对不同的打印对象，可以通过调整所述打印模块的高度设置来设定不同的打印层厚度。所述胶体喷头、给粉装置与所述移动平台10的距离分别可调，这样便于针对不同的打印对象进行适应性调整。优选地，各打印模块之间的高度差可以用限位器来控制。Preferably, the printing platform frame 6 is linearly reciprocable relative to the printing module, so that the moving platform 10 sequentially passes directly under the plurality of printing modules. Of course, it may also be a solution that the printing platform frame 6 is fixed, and the printing module can linearly reciprocate relative to the moving platform 10. Preferably, the distance between each of the printing modules and the printing platform is adjustable, and the distance between two adjacent printing modules in a direction perpendicular to the printing platform is equal to the thickness of a single printing layer of the printed article. For different print objects, different print layer thicknesses can be set by adjusting the height settings of the print module. The distance between the glue nozzle and the powder feeding device and the moving platform 10 are respectively adjustable, so that it is convenient to adjust the adjustment for different printing objects. Preferably, the height difference between the printing modules can be controlled by a stopper.

打印模块组在打印腔内101打印完成一组若干物品层打印后，移动平台10上升使若干物品层上移一部分，压辊7沿打印模块运行的方向向前运行，压辊7对上升后的若干物品层进行滚动压紧处理；采用刮板装置3、压辊7对一组若干物品层进行刮平和压紧处理，可以使打印物品中的粉末粒子之间的间隙得到压缩变小，使粉末粒子之间的结合更加紧密，避免粉末粒子之间的空隙过大会造成收缩变形甚至开裂等严重后果。同时使一组若干物品层的表面更加光滑便于下一组物品层的打印堆叠。本发明的打印腔101是在移动平台10和固定平台8之间形成的，通过调节移动平台10的高度来调节打印腔101的深度，根据不同的打印物品需求，设置合适的打印腔101高度打印一组若干物品层，确保每一组物品层中的粉末粒子之间的间隙不会因为物品层高度过大导致物品层出现疏松情况。After the printing module group prints a set of several item layers in the printing cavity 101, the moving platform 10 rises to move a part of the article layer up, and the pressing roller 7 runs forward in the direction in which the printing module runs, and the pressing roller 7 is lifted. A plurality of article layers are subjected to rolling compaction treatment; the scraping device 3 and the pressing roller 7 are used for flattening and compacting a group of several article layers, so that the gap between the powder particles in the printed article can be compressed and reduced, so that the powder The bonding between the particles is more tight, avoiding the serious consequences of shrinkage deformation or even cracking due to excessive voids between the powder particles. At the same time, the surface of a set of several item layers is smoother to facilitate the printing stack of the next set of item layers. The printing cavity 101 of the present invention is formed between the moving platform 10 and the fixed platform 8. The depth of the printing cavity 101 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the moving platform 10, and the appropriate printing cavity 101 is set to be highly printed according to different printing article requirements. A set of several item layers ensures that the gap between the powder particles in each set of item layers does not cause looseness of the item layer due to the height of the item layer being too large.

所述固定平台8和所述移动平台10接触的位置设置有导向结构和高度检测仪，所述导向结构为导轨导槽结构，导向结构可以确保移动平台10上下移动过程中不会发生位置偏移，移动平台10的水平度保持不变，所述高度检测仪通过检测所述移动平台10移动的距离来确定所述打印腔101的高度，高度检测仪根据实际需要打印物品的材料成分确定每组物品层的高度，从而调节打印腔101的深度和打印模块的数量，调节各个打印模块之间的高度差。所述固定平台8上设置限位结构9，所述限位结构9设置在所述固定平台8的侧壁上，所述限位结构9防止所述移动平台10离开所述打印腔101，即防止移动平台10的高度高于固定平台8的高度。A guiding structure and a height detector are disposed at a position where the fixed platform 8 and the moving platform 10 are in contact with each other, and the guiding structure is a guiding structure of the guiding rail, and the guiding structure can ensure that the moving platform 10 does not have a positional shift during moving up and down The level of the mobile platform 10 remains unchanged. The height detector determines the height of the printing chamber 101 by detecting the distance moved by the moving platform 10. The height detector determines each group according to the material composition of the printed article. The height of the item layer, thereby adjusting the depth of the printing chamber 101 and the number of printing modules, adjusts the height difference between the individual printing modules. A fixing structure 9 is disposed on the fixing platform 8 , and the limiting structure 9 is disposed on a sidewall of the fixing platform 8 , and the limiting structure 9 prevents the moving platform 10 from leaving the printing cavity 101 , ie The height of the mobile platform 10 is prevented from being higher than the height of the fixed platform 8.

如图3所示，本实施例优选的，所述固定平台8包括左固定平台和右固定平台，所述移动平台10设置在所述左固定平台和所述右固定平台之间，所述移动平台10和所述左固定平台、右固定平台之间形成所述打印腔101，所述打印腔101的高度随着所述移动平台10的上下移动发生变化。As shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment, the fixed platform 8 includes a left fixed platform and a right fixed platform, and the mobile platform 10 is disposed between the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform, and the moving The printing chamber 101 is formed between the platform 10 and the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform, and the height of the printing chamber 101 changes with the up and down movement of the moving platform 10.

所述打印机架2上还设置有激光装置5，所述激光装置5设置在所述打印模块组的两侧，所述激光装置5对打印物品的表面进行激光熔融处理，使所述打印模块组在进行下一组打印层打印时与上一组打印层之间进行连接紧密The printer frame 2 is further provided with a laser device 5 disposed on both sides of the printing module group, and the laser device 5 performs laser melting processing on the surface of the printed article to make the printing module group Closely connected to the previous set of print layers when printing on the next set of print layers

打印机获取物品的打印数据信息并传输至控制器；控制器根据打印数据信息生成相应的打印指令；打印指令驱动打印模块沿移动平台的X轴方向和Y轴方向移动打印一组若干物品层，所述打印指令驱动所述打印模块工作的同时，所述刮板装置3随着所述打印模块的运行将位于所述打印腔101之外的打印物品刮除；所述打印腔101内打印完成一组若干物品层后，所述移动平台10上升使物品层上移一部分，所述压辊7向所述打印模块运行的方向向前运行，所述压辊7对上升后的物品层进行滚动压紧处理；经过压辊压紧处理后的物品层随着移动平台10的下降下移至所述打印腔101内，且物品层的高度低于所述打印腔101的高度，所述打印模块在所述打印腔101内的物品层上继续进行下一组若干物品层打印。在打印下一组若干物品层时通过激光装置5对上一组若干物品层的表面进行激光熔融处理，便于两组物品层之间更加紧密的结合，各物品层之间通过胶滴和激光进行粘结固定。The printer acquires the print data information of the item and transmits it to the controller; the controller generates a corresponding print instruction according to the print data information; the print instruction drives the print module to move and print a set of several item layers along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the mobile platform, While the printing instruction drives the operation of the printing module, the squeegee device 3 scrapes off the printed item located outside the printing cavity 101 along with the operation of the printing module; the printing in the printing cavity 101 is completed. After a plurality of item layers are assembled, the moving platform 10 is raised to move a part of the article layer up, the pressing roller 7 is moved forward in the direction in which the printing module operates, and the pressing roller 7 performs rolling pressure on the raised article layer. Tight processing; the layer of the article after the pressing of the pressing roller moves down into the printing chamber 101 as the moving platform 10 descends, and the height of the article layer is lower than the height of the printing chamber 101, the printing module is The next set of several item layer prints continues on the item layer within the print cavity 101. When the next set of several item layers are printed, the surface of the upper set of several article layers is laser-melted by the laser device 5, so that the two groups of articles can be more closely combined, and the layers of the articles are separated by glue droplets and laser light. Bonded and fixed.

实施例二Embodiment 2

如图4所示，与实施例一不同的是，本实施例的固定平台8中间设置多边形通孔，优选为矩形通孔，所述移动平台10的形状与所述通孔的形状相同，所述移动平台10置于所述通孔内且紧贴所述通孔的内壁。移动平台10和通孔的内壁之间形成打印腔101，打印模块在打印腔内101实现往复式逐层打印。As shown in FIG. 4, different from the first embodiment, the fixed platform 8 of the embodiment is provided with a polygonal through hole, preferably a rectangular through hole, and the shape of the moving platform 10 is the same as the shape of the through hole. The mobile platform 10 is placed in the through hole and abuts against the inner wall of the through hole. A printing chamber 101 is formed between the moving platform 10 and the inner wall of the through hole, and the printing module realizes reciprocating layer-by-layer printing in the printing chamber 101.

实施例三 Embodiment 3

参见图5和6，本实施例公开了一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机，该3D打印机包括移动平台10、真空室、多个打印模块1、11、12……、N。所述多个打印模块均设置于真空室内，并且在所述移动平台10的上方依次设置，与所述移动平台10的距离最小的打印模块1为第一打印模块，与所述移动平台10的距离次小的打印模块11为第二打印模块，依次类推，与所述移动平台10的距离最大的打印模块为第N打印模块。Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the present embodiment discloses a multi-nozzle compact 3D printer comprising a mobile platform 10, a vacuum chamber, a plurality of

printing modules

1, 11, 12, ..., N. The plurality of printing modules are disposed in the vacuum chamber, and are sequentially disposed above the moving platform 10, and the printing module 1 having the smallest distance from the moving platform 10 is a first printing module, and the mobile platform 10 The next smallest print module 11 is a second print module, and so on, and the print module having the largest distance from the mobile platform 10 is the Nth print module.

与实施例一不同的是，本实施例的所述移动平台10为圆形，固定平台8设置圆形通孔，移动平台10在圆形通孔内上下移动，且与圆形通孔的内壁紧密贴合，所述打印机架2上设置中心支架20，所述中心支架20位于所述打印平台正上方，所述中心支架20上连接打印机械臂、刮板机械臂和压辊机械臂，所述打印机械臂、刮板机械臂和压辊机械臂绕着所述中心支架20与所述移动平台10做相对旋转运动；所述打印模块(1、11、12)以同一半径依次安装在所述打印机械臂上，所述刮板装置3安装在所述刮板机械臂上，所述压辊机械臂上安装有压辊7，所述打印模块(1、11、12)、刮板装置3和压辊7与所述中心支架20的距离始终保持相同，所述打印模块(1、11、12)、刮板装置3和压辊7与所述中心支架20之间的距离可以调节。打印模块(1、11、12)在打印腔101内进行逐层打印，完成一组若干物品层的打印后，刮板装置3和压辊装置7实现对物品层的刮平和压紧，打印腔101的高度可以随着移动平台10的升降而改变。调节打印模块(1、11、12)、刮板装置3、压辊7与所述中心支架20之间的距离，可以实现对移动平台10上不同半径区域内的物品打印，完成环状和柱状物品的打印，同时通过调节打印模块(1、11、12)的高度来实现逐层打印。Different from the first embodiment, the moving platform 10 of the embodiment is circular, the fixed platform 8 is provided with a circular through hole, and the moving platform 10 moves up and down in the circular through hole, and the inner wall of the circular through hole The center frame 20 is disposed on the printer frame 2, and the center frame 20 is directly above the printing platform. The center frame 20 is connected with a printing robot arm, a squeegee arm and a pressure roller arm. The printing robot arm, the squeegee robot arm and the pressure roller robot arm rotate relative to the moving platform 10 around the center bracket 20; the printing modules (1, 11, 12) are sequentially mounted at the same radius. On the printing robot arm, the squeegee device 3 is mounted on the squeegee arm, on which the pressure roller 7 is mounted, the printing module (1, 11, 12), the squeegee device 3 and the distance between the pressure roller 7 and the center support 20 is always the same, the distance between the printing module (1, 11, 12), the squeegee device 3 and the pressure roller 7 and the center support 20 can be adjusted. The printing module (1, 11, 12) performs layer-by-layer printing in the printing cavity 101. After printing a group of several item layers, the squeegee device 3 and the pressure roller device 7 achieve flattening and pressing of the layer of the material, and the printing cavity The height of 101 may vary as the mobile platform 10 moves up and down. Adjusting the distance between the printing module (1, 11, 12), the squeegee device 3, the pressure roller 7 and the center bracket 20, printing of articles in different radius regions on the moving platform 10 can be realized, and the ring shape and the column shape are completed. Printing of items while layer-by-layer printing is achieved by adjusting the height of the printing modules (1, 11, 12).

实施例四 Embodiment 4

本实施例公开了一种上述3D打印机的打印方法，所述打印方法包括以下步骤：This embodiment discloses a printing method of the above 3D printer, and the printing method includes the following steps:

根据上述说明书的揭示和教导，本发明所属领域的技术人员还可以对上述实施方式进行变更和修改。因此，本发明并不局限于上面揭示和描述的具体实施方式，对发明的一些修改和变更也应当落入本发明的权利要求的保护范围内。此外，尽管本说明书中使用了一些特定的术语，但这些术语只是为了方便说明，并不对本发明构成任何限制。Variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments may also be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above disclosure. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described, and the modifications and variations of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, although specific terms are used in the specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description and do not limit the invention.

Claims

一种多喷头压紧式3D打印机，包括设置于真空室内的打印机架，所述打印机架上设置打印模块组，所述打印模块组包括多个打印模块、所述打印模块设置于承载打印物品的打印平台的上方，多个所述打印模块依次排列，每个所述打印模块与所述打印平台的距离依次增加，所述打印模块和所述打印平台之间可相对运动；A multi-nozzle compression type 3D printer includes a printer rack disposed in a vacuum chamber, the printer rack is provided with a printing module group, the printing module group includes a plurality of printing modules, and the printing module is disposed on a carrying printed article. Above the printing platform, a plurality of the printing modules are sequentially arranged, and a distance between each of the printing modules and the printing platform is sequentially increased, and a relative movement between the printing module and the printing platform is possible;

其特征在于，所述多个打印模块可同时工作，不同高度的打印模块分别打印对应的物品层，即在其中一个打印模块打印完成一个物品层的一部分时，相邻的打印模块接着在上述物品层的上表面打印下一个物品层；所述打印模块包括胶体喷头和给粉装置，所述胶体喷头喷射用于粘结粉体的胶滴，所述给粉装置将所述打印物品的原料粉体喷射到所述胶滴上，所述打印模块在所述打印平台上进行打印物品的逐层打印；The printing module can work simultaneously, and the printing modules of different heights respectively print the corresponding item layers, that is, when one of the printing modules prints a part of an item layer, the adjacent printing module is then in the above item. The upper surface of the layer prints a next article layer; the printing module includes a colloid nozzle and a powder feeding device, the colloid nozzle ejects a glue droplet for bonding the powder, and the powder feeding device applies the raw material powder of the printed article Spraying onto the glue droplet, the printing module performing layer-by-layer printing of the printed article on the printing platform;

所述打印机还包括打印平台机架，所述打印平台设置在所述打印平台机架上，所述打印平台包括固定平台和移动平台，所述移动平台紧邻所述固定平台设置，所述移动平台上下移动与所述固定平台之间形成打印腔，所述打印模块在所述打印腔内进行打印；所述打印平台机架上还安装压辊，所述压辊置于所述打印平台上，所述压辊沿所述打印模块运行的方向滚动，所述压辊对打印物品进行压紧处理；所述打印机架上设置刮板装置，所述刮板装置沿所述打印模块运行的方向设置于所述打印模块组的两侧，所述刮板装置将位于所述打印腔之外的打印物品刮除。The printer further includes a printing platform rack, the printing platform is disposed on the printing platform rack, the printing platform includes a fixed platform and a mobile platform, and the mobile platform is disposed adjacent to the fixed platform, the mobile platform Forming a printing cavity between the upper and lower movements and the fixed platform, the printing module performs printing in the printing cavity; the printing platform frame is further provided with a pressing roller, and the pressing roller is placed on the printing platform, The pressing roller rolls in a direction in which the printing module runs, the pressing roller performs a pressing process on the printed article; the printer frame is provided with a scraping device, and the scraping device is disposed along a direction in which the printing module operates On both sides of the set of printing modules, the squeegee device scrapes off printed items located outside of the printing chamber.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：所述打印机架上还设置抽吸装置，所述抽吸装置沿所述打印模块运行的方向设置在所述刮板装置的一侧，所述抽吸装置将刮除后的胶滴和粉体吸走，所述打印模块组沿其运行方向的两侧分别设置至少一个所述刮板装置和一个所述抽吸装置。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein said printer holder is further provided with a suction device, said suction device being disposed on one side of said squeegee device in a direction in which said printing module operates The suction device sucks away the scraped glue droplets and the powder, and the printing module group is respectively provided with at least one of the scraper device and one of the suction devices on both sides in the running direction thereof.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：各打印模块与所述打印平台的距离可调，和/或各打印模块之间的距离可调；相邻两个打印模块之间在垂直于所述打印平台的方向上的距离等于打印物品单个打印层的厚度，所述打印腔的高度与所述打印模块组打印的若干物品层叠加的高度相同。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the distance between each printing module and the printing platform is adjustable, and/or the distance between the printing modules is adjustable; between two adjacent printing modules The distance in a direction perpendicular to the printing platform is equal to the thickness of a single printed layer of the printed article, the height of the printing chamber being the same as the height of the stack of several items printed by the set of printing modules.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：所述打印机架上还设置有激光装置，所述激光装置设置在所述打印模块组的两侧，所述激光装置对打印物品的表面进行激光熔融处理，使所述打印模块组在进行下一组打印层打印时与上一组打印层之间进行连接紧密。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein said printer frame is further provided with a laser device, said laser device being disposed on both sides of said printing module group, said laser device for printing an article The surface is subjected to a laser melting process to make the printing module group closely connected to the previous set of printing layers when performing the next set of printing layer printing.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：所述固定平台包括左固定平台和右固定平台，所述移动平台设置在所述左固定平台和所述右固定平台之间，所述移动平台和所述左固定平台、右固定平台之间形成所述打印腔，所述打印腔的高度随着所述移动平台的上下移动变化。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the fixed platform comprises a left fixed platform and a right fixed platform, and the mobile platform is disposed between the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform. The printing cavity is formed between the moving platform and the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform, and the height of the printing cavity changes with the up and down movement of the moving platform.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：所述固定平台的中间设置多边形通孔，所述移动平台的形状与所述通孔的形状相同，所述移动平台置于所述通孔内且紧贴所述通孔的内壁。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein a polygonal through hole is disposed in the middle of the fixed platform, the shape of the moving platform is the same as the shape of the through hole, and the moving platform is placed in the The inside of the through hole is in close contact with the inner wall of the through hole.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：所述固定平台和所述移动平台接触的位置设置有导向结构和高度检测仪，所述导向结构为导轨导槽结构，所述高度检测仪通过检测所述移动平台移动的距离来确定所述打印腔的高度。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the fixed platform and the moving platform are in contact with a guiding structure and a height detector, and the guiding structure is a rail guiding structure, the height The detector determines the height of the print chamber by detecting the distance the mobile platform is moving.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：所述固定平台上设置限位结构，所述限位结构设置在所述固定平台的侧壁上，所述限位结构防止所述移动平台离开所述打印腔。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein a fixing structure is disposed on the fixed platform, the limiting structure is disposed on a sidewall of the fixed platform, and the limiting structure prevents the The mobile platform exits the print cavity.
一种根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于：所述移动平台为圆形，所述打印机架上设置中心支架，所述中心支架位于所述打印平台正上方，所述中心支架上连接打印机械臂、刮板机械臂和压辊机械臂，所述打印机械臂、刮板机械臂和压辊机械臂绕着所述中心支架与所述移动平台做相对旋转运动；所述打印模块组安装在所述打印机械臂上，所述刮板装置安装在所述刮板机械臂上，所述压辊机械臂上安装有压辊，所述打印模块、刮板装置和压辊与所述中心支架的距离相同，所述打印模块、刮板装置和压辊与所述中心支架之间的距离可以调节。A 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the moving platform is circular, the printer holder is provided with a center bracket, and the center bracket is located directly above the printing platform, and the center bracket is Connecting a printing robot arm, a squeegee robot arm and a pressure roller robot arm, the printing robot arm, the squeegee robot arm and the pressure roller robot arm rotate relative to the moving platform about the center frame; the printing module a set is mounted on the printing robot arm, the squeegee device is mounted on the squeegee robot arm, and a pressure roller is mounted on the pressure roller robot arm, the printing module, the squeegee device and the pressure roller The distance of the center bracket is the same, and the distance between the printing module, the squeegee device and the pressure roller and the center bracket can be adjusted.
一种根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的3D打印机的打印方法，其特征在于，所述打印方法包括以下步骤：A printing method for a 3D printer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the printing method comprises the following steps:

(1)获取物品的打印数据信息并传输至控制器；所述控制器根据所述打印数据信息生成相应的打印指令；(1) acquiring print data information of the article and transmitting to the controller; the controller generates a corresponding print instruction according to the print data information;

(2)所述打印指令驱动所述打印模块相对于所述打印平台进行往复式直线运动或旋转运动；或者，所述打印指令驱动所述打印平台相对于所述打印模块进行往复式直线运动或旋转运动；(2) the printing instruction drives the printing module to perform a reciprocating linear motion or a rotary motion with respect to the printing platform; or the printing instruction drives the printing platform to perform a reciprocating linear motion with respect to the printing module or Rotational motion

(3)在步骤(2)进行的同时，所述打印指令驱动所述打印模块同时工作，所述打印模块在所述打印腔中沿所述移动平台的X轴方向和Y轴方向打印物品层，或沿所述移动平台的中心旋转打印物品层，所述刮板装置随着所述打印模块的运行将位于所述打印腔之外的打印物品刮除；所述打印模块组在所述打印腔内打印完成若干物品层后，所述移动平台上升使若干物品层上移一部分，所述压辊沿所述打印模块运行的轨迹向前运行，所述压辊对上升后的若干物品层进行滚动压紧处理；(3) while the step (2) is being performed, the printing instruction drives the printing module to work simultaneously, and the printing module prints an item layer along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the moving platform in the printing cavity Or rotating the printed article layer along a center of the moving platform, the squeegee device scraping off printed items located outside the printing chamber as the printing module operates; the printing module group is in the printing After printing in the cavity to complete a plurality of article layers, the moving platform rises to move a part of the article layer up, and the pressing roller runs forward along the trajectory of the printing module, and the pressing roller performs the raised plurality of article layers. Rolling compression process;

(4)经过压辊压紧处理后的若干物品层随着移动平台的下降下移至所述打印腔内，且经过压紧后的打印物品高度低于所述打印腔的高度，调节所述打印模块高度在所述打印腔内的物品层上继续进行下一层打印。(4) a plurality of article layers after being pressed by the pressing roller are moved down into the printing cavity as the moving platform is lowered, and the height of the pressed printed article is lower than the height of the printing cavity, and the adjustment is performed. The print module height continues the next layer of printing on the item layer within the print cavity.