WO2019109434A1 - 一种铺粉***及3d打印机 - Google Patents

一种铺粉***及3d打印机 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019109434A1
WO2019109434A1 PCT/CN2018/000089 CN2018000089W WO2019109434A1 WO 2019109434 A1 WO2019109434 A1 WO 2019109434A1 CN 2018000089 W CN2018000089 W CN 2018000089W WO 2019109434 A1 WO2019109434 A1 WO 2019109434A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
flat
cylinder
dusting
printing platform
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/000089
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
窦鹤鸿
Original Assignee
窦鹤鸿
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 窦鹤鸿 filed Critical 窦鹤鸿
Publication of WO2019109434A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019109434A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/22—Driving means
    • B22F12/226—Driving means for rotary motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/22—Driving means
    • B22F12/224—Driving means for motion along a direction within the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/70—Recycling
    • B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/63—Rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of 3D printing devices, and in particular to a powder spreading system and a 3D printer.
  • 3D printer also known as 3D printer (3DP)
  • 3D printer is a cumulative manufacturing technology, a machine for rapid prototyping. It is based on digital model files (CAD) and uses special wax, powdered metal or plastic.
  • CAD digital model files
  • 3D printers are used to make products.
  • Some systems use the "laser sintering" technique with powder particles as the print medium. The powder particles are laid on a mold tray to form a powder layer of a certain thickness, which is laser-cast into a specified shape. During the laying process, the powder should be evenly laid on the printing platform, otherwise it will affect the printing effect. With the existing equipment, the operation of supplying powder and smoothing is cumbersome and the effect is not good.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D printer which is compact in structure, capable of performing a dusting operation automatically and efficiently, and uniform powder spreading, which is advantageous for simplifying processes and improving product quality.
  • a powder spreading system comprising:
  • the powder spreading device comprises a powder-laying cylinder for holding powder material and a flat powder portion, and the flat powder portion is a flat powder brush or a flat powder roller, and the powder-laying cylinder has a powder discharging port for laying powder on the printing platform, and is flat.
  • the powder portion is used for smoothing the powder laid on the printing platform to form a working surface;
  • a first driving mechanism for driving the spreading device to move over the working surface
  • the powder feeding cylinder is arranged above the printing platform, the powder feeding cylinder is provided with a powder feeding port, the powder feeding port is provided with a second opening and closing mechanism, and the second opening and closing mechanism of the powder feeding port is used for opening or closing the powder feeding port, and feeding powder
  • the port is used to convey the powder in the powder feeding tank to the powder discharging cylinder.
  • the first drive mechanism includes a track extending in a linear direction, and the dusting device cooperates with the track and is movable in the extending direction of the track.
  • the first drive mechanism is used to drive the spreading device to move in the circumferential direction.
  • the dusting device comprises two powder outlets, the two powder outlets are arranged at intervals in the moving direction of the powder spreading device, and the flat powder portion is located between the two powder outlets.
  • the powder spreading device comprises two flat powder portions, two flat powder portions are arranged at intervals in the moving direction of the powder spreading device, and the powder discharging port is located between the two flat powder portions.
  • the first opening and closing mechanism includes a blocking member movably connected to the powder discharging cylinder and a second driving mechanism for driving the blocking member to open or close the powder discharging port.
  • the powder spreading system includes at least two powder feeding cylinders, and the powder feeding cylinder is fixedly disposed above the printing platform.
  • the first driving mechanism comprises a turntable and a first driving part for driving the rotation of the turntable; the dusting device is rotatably connected with the turntable, the third drive mechanism is arranged on the turntable, and the third drive mechanism is used for driving the dusting device to rotate relative to the turntable, Allow it to reach above the print platform or retract from above the print platform.
  • the flat powder portion is strip-shaped and horizontally parallel to the upper plane of the printing platform, and the flat powder portion is bent radially inward from one end of the turntable to form a hook-shaped powder collecting portion, and the powder collecting portion is used for accommodating the flat powder portion to work after the powder is smoothed. Excess powder on the surface.
  • a 3D printer comprising the above described dusting system.
  • the dusting system of the embodiment of the present invention includes a powder spreading device, a first driving mechanism that drives the powder spreading device to move on the printing platform, and a powder feeding cylinder above the printing platform.
  • the powder spreading device comprises a powder discharging cylinder having a powder discharging port and a flat powder portion, wherein the flat powder portion is used for smoothing the powder laid on the printing platform to form a working surface, and the lower end of the flat powder portion is offset from the working surface on the printing platform. Connected in parallel.
  • the printing material (powder) in the spreading powder can be sent out from the powder outlet, laid on the surface of the platform of the printing platform or the working surface formed by the last spreading operation.
  • the flat powder that follows, and then follows, can smooth these powders to form a new working surface.
  • the powder feeding cylinder is used to replenish the powder in the powder distributing cylinder.
  • the function of powder storage, powdering and smearing is integrated into one, and the overall structure is compact and the work efficiency is high.
  • the 3D printer of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with the above-described dusting system, and thus has the above-described advantageous effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a powder spreading system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the cooperation between the powder spreading device and the track according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a powder spreading device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a modification of the powder spreading device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a powder spreading system on a 3D printer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a third driving mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a powder spreading device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a modification of the mounting portion of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a powder feeding cylinder according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Icons 100-paving system; 101-platform surface; 110-laying device; 111-paving cylinder; 111a-dust outlet; 111b-powder; 112-flat section; 113-mounting frame; Chute; 115-first opening and closing mechanism; 116-second driving portion; 117-blocking member; 120-first driving portion; 122-driven portion; 124-conveying belt; 126-track; 130-feeding cylinder; 132-second opening and closing mechanism; 200-3D printer; 210-printing platform; 212-collecting cylinder; 300-laying system; 310-layering device; 311-paving cylinder; 311a- Powder outlet; 312-flat section; 313-mounting frame; 320-turntable; 322-mounting seat; 324-mounting section; 330-third driving section; 332-drive gear; 334-shaft body; Gear; 340-powder section; 350-feeding cylinder; 400-3D printer; 410-printing platform; 412-collection cylinder.
  • horizontal simply means that its direction is more horizontal than “vertical”, and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
  • connection may also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in a specific case for those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a powder spreading system 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment provides a powder spreading system 100 including a powder spreading device 110 located above the printing platform 210 (see FIG. 5 ) and a first driving mechanism that drives the powder spreading device 110 to move over the platform surface 101 .
  • a powder feeding cylinder 130 located above the moving plane of the spreading device 110. The powder feeding cylinder 130 is used to store materials required for printing and is capable of supplying the printing material to the spreading device 110.
  • the printing material is a powdery material
  • the powder discharging device 110 can release the powder onto the printing platform 210 when moving on the platform surface 101, and the flat powder portion 112 on the spreading device 110 can wipe the powder material.
  • the upper surface of the powder forms a working surface, so that the powder can be in a better printing state during subsequent printing, and the product quality is improved.
  • the powder spreading system 100 having the powder storage and the powdering is integrated and disposed integrally above the platform surface 101, which can effectively reduce the overall volume of the printing device and improve the working efficiency.
  • the first driving mechanism includes a first driving portion 120, a driven portion 122, a conveyor belt 124 coupled between the first driving portion 120 and the driven portion 122, and a track 126 extending in a linear direction.
  • the powder device 110 cooperates with the rail 126 and is capable of linear motion back and forth in the direction in which the rail 126 extends, and the powder spreading operation can be completed during the movement.
  • Conveyor belt 124 is coupled to the spreading device 110 to enable it to pull the spreading device 110 to move on the track 126.
  • the first driving portion 120 is a stepping motor that drives a pulley that is a driven pulley disposed near the other end of the rail 126, the two pulleys being near the ends of the rail 126 and causing the belt 124 can be parallel to track 126.
  • the first driving mechanism may also adopt other transmission modes such as chain transmission, rack transmission, etc.
  • the pulley in this embodiment should be replaced by a sprocket and a rack.
  • the conveyor belt 124 in this embodiment should be replaced with a chain, a rack, or the like, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the powder spreading device 110 and the rail 126 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • two parallel rails 126 are disposed on the platform surface 101, and both sides of the spreading device 110 in the moving direction are provided. Cooperate with the track 126, respectively.
  • the two sides of the two rails 126 respectively correspond to a conveyor belt 124 driven by the first driving portion 120, so that the first driving mechanism can apply a drag force from both sides of the powder spreading device 110 to drive the powder spreading device 110.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a powder spreading device 110 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the powder spreading device 110 includes a powder discharging cylinder 111 for containing powder material and a flat powder portion 112 disposed in the powder discharging cylinder 111, and the powder discharging cylinder 111 has a
  • the platform surface 101 of the printing platform 210 is provided with a powder discharging port 111a, and the lower end of the flat powder portion 112 is horizontally parallel with the platform surface 101 of the printing platform 210, so that the powder brushed by the flat powder portion 112 has a uniform thickness, the thickness
  • the upper surface of the powder which is smoothed by the flat powder portion 112 is the working surface, and the printing device (not shown) can perform the printing operation on the powder of the working surface.
  • the flat powder portion 112 of the present embodiment is a flat powder brush having bristles which smoothes the powder by the downward facing bristles, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the flat powder portion 112 can be modified to some extent, such as its bristles. It may be changed to a blade, the lower side of which is parallel to the working surface; or the flat powder portion 112 is provided as a flat powder roller, and the lower end parallel surface of the flat powder roller is horizontally parallel to the platform surface 101.
  • the spreading cylinder 111 has two chambers spaced apart in the moving direction, the tops of the two chambers have a powder inlet 111b for receiving the bottom of the powder feeding cylinder 130. The powder sent from the feed port.
  • the bottoms of the two chambers each have a powder outlet 111a.
  • the two powder outlets 111a are spaced apart in the direction of movement of the spreading device 110, and the flat powder portion 112 is located between the two powder outlets 111a. In this way, the dusting device 110 can complete the work of cutting, smoothing and powder collecting when moving left and right (as shown in FIG. 1).
  • the powder when moving to the right, the powder is opened by the powder outlet 111a on the right side, the powder outlet 111a on the left side is closed, and the powder falling from the powder outlet 111a on the right side is immediately smoothed by the flat powder portion 112. To achieve a uniform laying effect.
  • the powder spreading device 110 moves to the left, the powder discharging port 111a on the left side is powdered, and the flat powder portion 112 can also smooth the powder in time. In this way, the powder is laid back and forth, and the leveling and powder collecting operation can be completed without adjusting the position of the flat powder portion 112, and the efficiency is remarkably improved.
  • the two powder feeding cylinders 130 are respectively disposed above the two ends of the rail 126, and are fixedly mounted, so that when the powder spreading cylinder 111 is moved to the left end, the chamber on the right side thereof enters
  • the powder port 111b is located just below the feeding port of the left powder feeding cylinder 130; when the powder discharging cylinder 111 is moved right to the end of the rail 126, the powder inlet port 111b of the left side chamber is located just below the feeding port of the right powder feeding cylinder 130.
  • the two chambers of the powder spreading cylinder 111 may also be combined into one, without being interrupted in the middle, and the two powder outlets 111a share the powder of the entire chamber.
  • FIG. 4 is a modification of the powder spreading device 110 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the powder discharging cylinder 111 may be provided with only one powder discharging port 111a, and a flat powder portion 112 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the powder discharging port 111a.
  • Such a structure can also be used for spreading powder when moving in the left and right directions. When moving to the left, the flat powder portion 112 on the right side is smoothed; and when moving to the right, the flat powder portion 112 on the left side is smoothed.
  • the powdering in both directions is also achieved, and the orientation of the flat portion 112 is not adjusted.
  • the powder spreading device 110 starts the dusting operation
  • the working surface of the flat surface on the printing platform 210 is not formed.
  • the area of the pre-formed working surface on the printing platform 210 is lower than the platform surface 101, and when the spreading device 110 starts working, Regardless of whether it is left or right, the flat powder portion 112 that passes in the front will not affect the powdering and powdering operation behind it.
  • the flat powder portion 112 is fixed on the mounting frame 113.
  • the mounting frame 113 of the present embodiment has a strip shape and extends to both sides of the moving direction of the powder spreading device 110.
  • the powder portion 112 is fixed to the lower side of the mounting frame 113 with its bristles facing downward.
  • the two ends of the mounting frame 113 are respectively provided with a sliding portion having a sliding groove 114 with an opening downward.
  • the sliding groove 114 cooperates with an upwardly convex portion 127 on the rail 126, and the convex portion 127 extends along the length of the rail 126. And is equal to track 126.
  • the upper end of the convex portion 127 has a triangular engaging portion, and the width of the engaging portion is larger than the width of the bottom end of the convex portion 127.
  • the cross section of the entire convex portion 127 forms an upward arrow shape.
  • the shape of the convex portion 127 and the chute 114 may be changed, such as the dovetail-shaped chute 114 and the convex portion 127; and the convex portion 127 and the chute may be changed.
  • the installation position of the 114 is such that the convex portion 127 is disposed on the sliding portion, and the chute 114 is disposed on the rail 126.
  • the powder opening 111a of the powder discharging cylinder 111 has a first opening and closing mechanism 115 for opening or closing the powder discharging port 111a to realize free powder supply.
  • the first opening and closing mechanism 115 includes a blocking member 117 rotatably coupled to the powder discharging cylinder 111 and a second driving mechanism for driving the blocking member 117 to open or close the powder discharging port 111a.
  • the powder outlet 111a is a strip-shaped opening perpendicular to the moving direction of the powder spreading device 110.
  • the blocking member 117 is a strip-shaped sealing plate, and one side of the sealing member 117 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft
  • the dusting cylinder 111 is rotatably connected, and when the rotating shaft rotates, the blocking member 117 can follow the rotation to open or close the powder discharging port 111a.
  • the second driving mechanism includes a second driving portion 116 fixed to the powder discharging cylinder 111, a driving sprocket drivingly coupled to the second driving portion 116, and a driven sprocket disposed on the rotating shaft, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket Drive between the chains. It should be understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the second drive mechanism may also drive the rotation of the shaft by other means, for example, the second drive machine drives the shaft to rotate by a belt drive or a gear mesh drive.
  • a second opening and closing mechanism 132 is disposed at the feeding port, and the second opening and closing mechanism 132 of the embodiment is structurally and functionally related to the first opening and closing mechanism 115. Similar, it will not be repeated here.
  • the two rails 126 are made of a metal material and thus have electrical conductivity.
  • the two rails 126 are electrically connected to a power source (not shown) and are respectively a positive pole and a negative pole, and the rail 126 can supply power to the first driving mechanism.
  • the track 126 may also be partially made of metal, the metal portion acting as an electrical conductor and the remainder being provided as an insulating material for safety.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printer 200 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment provides a 3D printer 200.
  • the 3D printer 200 includes a printing platform 210, a printing device (not shown) disposed above the printing platform 210, and a spreading system 100 disposed above the printing platform 210. .
  • Two collecting cylinders 212 are disposed above the platform surface 101 of the printing platform 210, and the two collecting cylinders 212 are respectively located at two ends of the extending direction of the rail 126, so that the flat powder portion 112 moves to the leftmost or rightmost end with the spreading device 110. At the same time, the excess powder can be swept into the collecting cylinder 212 for collection, which is beneficial to the reuse of the powder.
  • the working principle of the powder spreading device 110 and the 3D printer 200 of the present embodiment is:
  • the dusting device 110 moves linearly back and forth over the platform surface 101 and lays back and forth, and the flat powder portion 112 immediately following the powder outlet 111a can smooth the powder in time and can collect excess powder when moving to the end in one direction.
  • the powder collecting cylinder 212 is inside.
  • the dusting device 110 moves the powder from one end of the rail 126 to the other end.
  • the powder feeding cylinder 130 above the powder discharging cylinder 111 can be used for powder feeding.
  • the printing device can print on the powder. operating. After the first layer of printing is completed, the height of the printing platform 210 is lowered, and subsequent lamination and printing are performed, thereby circulating.
  • Such a dusting device 110 and a 3D printer 200 integrate the related devices of powder storage, powdering, leveling, and powder collection, and are disposed above the printing platform 210, which makes the device more compact and increases space utilization. And the overall performance is stable, can be laid back and forth, and work more efficiently.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the powder spreading system 300 on the 3D printer 400 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment provides a powder spreading system 300 and a 3D printer 400.
  • the powder spreading system 300 of the present embodiment is configured to be disposed on a printing platform 410 having an annular platform surface 101.
  • the dusting system 300 includes a first drive mechanism, a third drive mechanism, and a dusting device 310.
  • the third driving mechanism is disposed on the first driving mechanism, and the dusting device 310 is drivingly connected to the third driving mechanism, so that the first driving mechanism can drive the third driving mechanism and the spreading device 310 to rotate together on the printing platform 410;
  • the three drive mechanism can further drive the dusting device 310 to rotate relative to the first drive mechanism.
  • the 3D printer 400 of the present embodiment includes a printing platform 410 having a platform surface 101, a sump cylinder 412 inside the platform surface 101, and a printing device (not shown) above the platform surface 101.
  • the first driving mechanism includes a turntable 320 and a first driving portion (not shown) that drives the turntable 320 to rotate.
  • the plane of the turntable 320 is parallel to the platform surface 101 of the printing platform 410.
  • a roller (not shown) is disposed at the bottom of the turntable 320, and the first driving portion is a stepping motor in this embodiment. .
  • the turntable 320 is located inside the annular platform surface 101 and disposed coaxially therewith.
  • a fixing seat 322 is disposed on the turntable 320 near the edge, and the fixing seat 322 is configured to be rotatably connected with the dusting device 310, so that the dusting device 310 can be rotated relative to the turntable 320, so that the powder spreading device 310 can be detected on the platform surface 101. Retracted above or above the platform surface 101.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a third drive mechanism of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the mounting seat 322 is provided with two mounting portions 324 which are protruded in the horizontal direction and are spaced apart in the height direction.
  • the free ends of the two mounting portions 324 have vertically through holes for articulating with the dusting device 310.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a powder spreading device 310 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the powder spreading device 310 includes a powder discharging cylinder 311 and a flat powder portion 312 fixedly connected to the powder distributing cylinder 311 , and the flat powder portion 312 includes a strip-shaped mounting frame 313 .
  • the bristles are disposed on the mounting bracket 313 and face downward, and the spreading cylinder 311 is fixed to the mounting bracket 313.
  • the mounting bracket 313 is longer than the size of the spreading cylinder 311 in the radial direction of the annular path (here, above the platform surface 101, in the working state), and the mounting bracket 313 is radially inward near the inner side of the annular path.
  • the extension is hinged between the two mounting portions 324 by a shaft body 334.
  • the third drive mechanism includes a shaft body 334 provided at one end of the inner side of the mounting frame 313, a driven gear 336 provided on the shaft body 334, a third drive unit 330, and a drive gear 332 connected to the rotation shaft of the third drive unit 330.
  • the end of the mounting bracket 313 has a notch, and the shaft body 334 extends through both sides of the notch, and the portion located inside the notch is fixedly disposed with the driven gear 336.
  • the shaft body 334 is fixedly coupled to the mounting bracket 313, and its both ends protrude from the two sides in the longitudinal direction of the mounting bracket 313, and the two end portions are hinged to the through holes of the mounting portion 324.
  • the driven gear 336 is fixed to the shaft body 334, and the third driving portion 330 is fixedly disposed on the turntable 320 and can drive the driving gear 332 to rotate.
  • the driving gear 332 is meshed with the driven gear 336 such that the third driving portion 330 can drive the mounting bracket 313 to drive the spreading cylinder 311 to rotate relative to the dial 320.
  • the third driving unit 330 is a stepping motor. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the third driving unit 330 may be other types of motors.
  • the shaft body 334 may also be a bolt that penetrates the mounting portion 324 and the mounting bracket 313 in a vertical direction, and simultaneously passes through the driven gear 336 and is fixed to the driven gear 336, and uses nuts and bolts. The fastening is tightened to secure the bolt and driven gear 336 relative to the mounting bracket 313.
  • 9 is a modification of the mounting portion 324 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 9.
  • the free end of the mounting portion 324 may be provided as a bearing, the bolt and the bearing inner ring are fixed, and the mounting portion 324 and the bearing are The outer ring is fixed so that the mounting bracket 313 is rotated about the mounting portion 324.
  • the powder distributing cylinder 311 is provided with a powder discharging port 311a, and the powder discharging port 311a is located forward of the moving direction with respect to the flat powder portion 312, so that the powder fed from the powder discharging port 311a can be timely covered by the flat powder portion 312. Smooth.
  • the powder outlet 311a of the embodiment is also realized by the same opening and closing mechanism, and the opening and closing mechanism is connected with a power source (not shown), and the specific structure of the opening and closing mechanism is not described here.
  • the flat powder portion 312 is strip-shaped and parallel to the platform surface 101, and one end of the flat powder portion 312 away from the turntable 320 radially extends beyond the outer side of the powder spreading device 310 and is bent radially inward to form a hook-shaped powder collecting portion 340.
  • the third driving portion 330 drives the dusting device 310 to rotate relative to the turntable 320 to be retracted from the platform surface 101, the powder collecting portion 340 can better collect excess powder from the printing platform 410 into the collecting cylinder 412.
  • the collecting cylinder 412 in this embodiment is an annular groove body disposed between the rotating plate 320 and the platform surface 101. When the spreading device 310 is retracted, the flat powder portion 312 can collect excess powder into the collecting cylinder 412. In case of reuse.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the powder feeding cylinder 350 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the dusting system 300 further includes four powder feeding cylinders 350 disposed above the annular platform surface 101, and the four powder feeding cylinders 350 respectively correspond to the four powder discharging devices 310. Similar to the function in Embodiment 1, the powder feeding cylinder 350 can store powder and provide an appropriate amount of powder into the spreading tank 311 when the spreading device 310 is retracted from the printing platform 410 onto the turntable 320.
  • the working principle of the powder spreading system 300 and the 3D printer 400 of this embodiment is:
  • the turntable 320 drives the four powder spreading devices 310 to move on the annular platform surface 101 for spreading.
  • the dusting device 310 is coupled to the turntable 320 via a third drive mechanism such that the dusting device 310 can be rotated relative to the turntable 320, such that the third drive mechanism can control the layup device 310 to be launched above or from the platform surface 101.
  • the 101 is retracted above for the printing device to print the powder.
  • the powder collecting portion 340 at the free end of the flat powder portion 312 can "catch" the powder, and the excess powder is preferably collected into the collecting cylinder 412.
  • the dusting system 300 of the present embodiment is suitable for a printer having an annular platform surface 101, and the functions of powdering, leveling, and collecting excess powder are integrated into one body, and the structure is compact and the working efficiency is high.
  • the dusting system of the embodiment of the present invention includes a dusting device and a first driving mechanism that drives the powder spreading device to move on the printing platform.
  • the dusting device comprises a powdering cylinder having a powder outlet and a flat powder portion for smoothing the powder, and the lower end of the flat powder portion is horizontally parallel to the surface of the platform of the printing platform.
  • the spreading device moves over the printing platform and performs the powdering
  • the printing material (powder) in the spreading powder can be sent out from the powder outlet, laid on the surface of the platform of the printing platform or the working surface formed by the last spreading operation.
  • the flat powder that follows, and then follows, can smooth these powders to form a new work surface.
  • the functions of powdering and smearing are integrated into one, and the overall structure is compact and the work efficiency is high.
  • the 3D printer of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with the above-described dusting system, and thus has the above-described advantageous effects.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种铺粉***（100）及3D打印机（400），涉及3D打印设备领域。铺粉***（100）包括铺粉装置（110）、驱动铺粉装置（110）在打印平台（210）上方运动的第一驱动机构（120）以及位于打印平台（210）上方的送粉缸（130）。铺粉装置（110）包括具有出粉口（111a）的铺粉缸（111）以及用于抹平粉末的平粉部（112），平粉部（112）的下端与打印平台（210）的上平面水平平行。所述3D打印机（400）设置有上述的铺粉***（100）。当铺粉装置（110）在打印平台（210）上方移动并进行铺粉时，铺粉缸（111）内的粉料能够从出粉口（111a）送出，铺设在打印平台（210）的平台表面上，然后设置于其后的平粉部（112）能够将这些粉料迅速抹平，形成工作面。送粉缸（130）用于给铺粉缸（111）补充粉末。储粉、铺粉、抹平的功能集于一体，整体上结构紧凑，工作效率高。

Description

一种铺粉***及3D打印机 技术领域
本发明涉及3D打印设备领域，具体而言，涉及一种铺粉***及3D打印机。
背景技术
3D打印机又称三维打印机(3DP)，是一种累积制造技术，即快速成形技术的一种机器，它是一种以数字模型文件(CAD)为基础，运用特殊蜡材、粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过打印一层层的粘合材料来制造三维物体的技术。现阶段三维打印机被用来制造产品。一些***使用“激光烧结”的技术，以粉末微粒作为打印介质。粉末微粒被铺设在铸模托盘上形成一定厚度的粉末层，被激光熔铸成指定形状。在铺设过程中，粉末应当被均匀的铺设于打印平台上，否则会影响打印的效果。利用现有的设备，供粉、抹平的操作实现起来较为繁琐，且效果不佳。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种铺粉***，其结构紧凑，能够自动、高效地实现在3D打印机的打印平台的平台表面上进行铺粉作业，并且铺粉均匀。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种3D打印机，其结构紧凑，能够自动、高效地进行铺粉操作，并且铺粉均匀，有利于简化工序，提高产品质量。
本发明的实施例是这样实现的：
一种铺粉***，其包括：
铺粉装置，铺粉装置包括用于盛装粉末材料的铺粉缸以及平粉部，平粉部为平粉刷或者平粉辊，铺粉缸具有用于向打印平台铺设粉末的出粉口，平粉部用于把铺设在打印平台上的粉末抹平以形成工作面；
用于驱动铺粉装置在工作面上方移动的第一驱动机构；
设置于打印平台上方的送粉缸，送粉缸设置有送粉口，送粉口设置有第二启闭机构，送粉口的第二启闭机构用于开启或关闭送粉口，送粉口用于把送粉缸内的粉末输送到铺粉缸内。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
第一驱动机构包括沿直线方向延伸的轨道，铺粉装置与轨道配合并能够在轨道的延伸方向上移动。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
第一驱动机构用于驱动铺粉装置在圆周方向上运动。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
铺粉装置包括两个出粉口，两个出粉口在铺粉装置的运动方向上间隔设置，平粉部位于两个出粉口之间。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
铺粉装置包括两个平粉部，两个平粉部在铺粉装置的运动方向上间隔设置，出粉口位于两个平粉部之间。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
出粉口上设置有第一启闭机构，第一启闭机构包括活动连接于铺粉缸的封堵件以及用于驱动封堵件打开或者关闭出粉口的第二驱动机构。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
铺粉***包括至少两个送粉缸，送粉缸固定设置在打印平台的上方。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
第一驱动机构包括转盘以及用于驱动转盘转动的第一驱动部；铺粉装置与转盘转动连接，转盘上设置有第三驱动机构，第三驱动机构用于驱动铺粉装置相对于转盘转动，使其能够伸至打印平台上方或者从打印平台上方收回。
在本发明的一种实施例中：
平粉部为条状并水平平行于打印平台上平面，平粉部远离转盘的一端 径向向内弯曲，形成钩状的集粉部，集粉部用于收纳平粉部抹平粉末后工作面上的多余粉末。
一种3D打印机，其包括上述的铺粉***。
本发明实施例的有益效果是：
本发明实施例的铺粉***包括铺粉装置、驱动铺粉装置在打印平台上运动的第一驱动机构以及打印平台上方的送粉缸。铺粉装置包括具有出粉口的铺粉缸以及平粉部，平粉部用于把铺设于打印平台上的粉末抹平以形成工作面，平粉部的下端与打印平台上的工作面抵接平行。当铺粉装置在打印平台上方移动并进行铺粉时，铺粉缸内的打印材料(粉料)能够从出粉口送出，铺设在打印平台的平台表面或者上一次铺粉作业所形成的工作面上，然后紧随其后的平粉部能够将这些粉末抹平形成新的工作面。送粉缸用于向铺粉缸内补充粉末。储粉、铺粉、抹平的功能集于一体，整体上结构紧凑，工作效率高。
本发明实施例的3D打印机设置有上述的铺粉***，因此也具有上述的有益效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1的铺粉***的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例1的铺粉装置与轨道的配合示意图；
图3为本发明实施例1的铺粉装置的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例1的铺粉装置的一种变形；
图5为本发明实施例1的3D打印机的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例2的铺粉***在3D打印机上的布置示意图；
图7为本发明实施例2的第三驱动机构的示意图；
图8为本发明实施例2的铺粉装置的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例2的安装部的一种变形；
图10为本发明实施例2的送粉缸的布置示意图。
图标：100-铺粉***；101-平台表面；110-铺粉装置；111-铺粉缸；111a-出粉口；111b-进粉口；112-平粉部；113-安装架；114-滑槽；115-第一启闭机构；116-第二驱动部；117-封堵件；120-第一驱动部；122-从动部；124-传送带；126-轨道；127-凸部；130-送粉缸；132-第二启闭机构；200-3D打印机；210-打印平台；212-集粉缸；300-铺粉***；310-铺粉装置；311-铺粉缸；311a-出粉口；312-平粉部；313-安装架；320-转盘；322-固定座；324-安装部；330-第三驱动部；332-主动齿轮；334-轴体；336-从动齿轮；340-集粉部；350-送粉缸；400-3D打印机；410-打印平台；412-集粉缸。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，术语“水平”、“竖直”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本发明实施例的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明实施例中的具体含义。
实施例1
图1为本发明实施例1的铺粉***100的结构示意图。请参照图1，本实施例提供一种铺粉***100，其包括位于打印平台210(见图5)上方的铺粉装置110、驱动铺粉装置110在平台表面101上方移动的第一驱动机构以及位于铺粉装置110的运动平面上方的送粉缸130。送粉缸130用于储存打印所需的材料并能够向铺粉装置110供应打印材料。在本实施例中，打印材料为粉末状物料，铺粉装置110在平台表面101上运动时能够将粉料释放到打印平台210上，铺粉装置110上的平粉部112可以将粉料抹平，粉料的上表面形成工作面，使后续打印时粉料能够处于较佳的打印状态，提高产品质量。通过这样的结构设计，将具有储粉、铺粉的铺粉***100整合后整体设置于平台表面101的上方，可以有效地减小打印设备的整体体积，提高工作效率。
在本实施例中，第一驱动机构包括第一驱动部120、从动部122、传动连接于第一驱动部120和从动部122之间的传送带124以及沿直线方向延伸的轨道126，铺粉装置110与轨道126配合并能够在轨道126的延伸方向上来回做直线运动，在运动过程中可以完成铺粉操作。传送带124与铺粉装置110相连，使其能够拉动铺粉装置110在轨道126上运动。第一驱动部120为步进电机，其带动一个带轮转动，从动部122为设置于轨道126另 一端附近的一个从动带轮，两个带轮在轨道126的两端附近并且使得传送带124能够平行于轨道126。应当理解，在本发明的其他实施例中，第一驱动机构也可以采用链传动、齿条传动等其他传动方式，对应的，本实施例中的带轮应当相应的替换为链轮、齿条等，本实施例中的传送带124应当相应地替换为链条、齿条等。
图2为本发明实施例1的铺粉装置110与轨道126的配合示意图。请参照图1和图2，在本实施例中，为了保证铺粉装置110运动时的稳定性，平台表面101上设置平行的两条轨道126，铺粉装置110的在运动方向上的两侧分别与轨道126配合。相应的，两条轨道126的两侧分别各对应一条被第一驱动部120带动的传送带124，使第一驱动机构能够从铺粉装置110的两侧施加拖拽力来驱动铺粉装置110。
图3为本发明实施例1的铺粉装置110的结构示意图。请参照图1和图3，在本实施例中，铺粉装置110包括用于盛装粉末材料的铺粉缸111以及设置于铺粉缸111的平粉部112，铺粉缸111具有用于向打印平台210的平台表面101供粉的出粉口111a，平粉部112的下端与打印平台210的平台表面101水平平行，使得平粉部112刷过的粉料具有均匀的一定厚度，该厚度与当前作业层厚度一致，被平粉部112抹平后的粉末上表面即为工作面，打印装置(图未示)能够针对工作面的粉末进行打印作业。本实施例的平粉部112是一个具有刷毛的平粉刷，其通过朝下的刷毛来抹平粉末，而在本发明的其他实施例中，平粉部112可以做一定的改变，比如其刷毛可以改为一个刮片，刮片的下侧与工作面抵接平行；或者平粉部112设置为一个平粉辊，平粉辊的下端平行面水平平行于平台表面101。
在本实施例中，铺粉缸111具有在运动方向上隔开的两个腔室，两个腔室的顶部具有进粉口111b，进粉口111b用于接住从送粉缸130底部的送 料口送出的粉料。两个腔室的底部各有一个出粉口111a，两个出粉口111a在铺粉装置110的运动方向上间隔设置，平粉部112位于两个出粉口111a之间。这样可以使得铺粉装置110在左右(以图1所示为准)运动时均可以完成下料、抹平、集粉的工作。比如，向右运动时，利用右侧的出粉口111a进行铺粉，左侧的出粉口111a关闭，右侧的出粉口111a落下的粉料紧接着就会被平粉部112抹平，达到均匀铺设的效果。同理，在铺粉装置110向左运动时，左侧的出粉口111a进行铺粉，平粉部112也能够及时地将粉料抹平。这样来回铺粉，不用调转平粉部112的位置即可完成抹平和集粉操作，效率得到了显著提高。
为了及时对两个腔室的粉料进行补给，两个送粉缸130分别设置于轨道126两端的上方，并固定安装，使得铺粉缸111左移到尽头时，其右侧的腔室进粉口111b刚好位于左侧送粉缸130的送料口下方；铺粉缸111右移到轨道126尽头时，其左侧腔室的进粉口111b刚好位于右侧送粉缸130送料口的下方。在本发明的其他实施例中，铺粉缸111的两个腔室也可以合二为一，中间不必隔断，两个出粉口111a共用整个腔室的粉料。
在本发明的其他实施例中，铺粉装置110的结构可以进行改变，图4为本发明实施例1的铺粉装置110的一种变形。请参照图4，铺粉缸111可以仅设置一个出粉口111a，出粉口111a的左右两侧各设置一个平粉部112，这样的结构也可实现在左右两个方向运动时进行铺粉，向左运动时，右侧的平粉部112进行抹平；而向右运动时，左侧的平粉部112进行抹平。与本实施例的效果相同，也实现了两个方向铺粉，并不用调整平粉部112的方位。需要说明的是当铺粉装置110启动铺粉作业时，打印平台210上平面的作业面没有形成，此时打印平台210上预形成工作面的面积低于平台表面101，当铺粉装置110启动工作后，无论向左或向右作业，在前边先行通 过的平粉部112都不会影响到其后面的铺粉和平粉作业。
请结合图1至图3，在本实施例中，平粉部112固定于安装架113上，本实施例的安装架113为条形，并向铺粉装置110运动方向的两侧延伸，平粉部112固定于安装架113的下侧，其刷毛朝下。安装架113的两端分别设置有一个滑动部，滑动部具有开口朝下的滑槽114，滑槽114与轨道126上向上凸起的凸部127配合，凸部127沿轨道126的长度方向延伸，并与轨道126等长。在本实施例中，为了使铺粉装置110不易从轨道126上脱落，从截面来看，凸部127上端具有一个三角形的卡接部，卡接部的宽度大于凸部127底端的宽度从而使整个凸部127的截面形成一个向上的箭头形。应当理解，在本发明的其他实施例中，凸部127和滑槽114的形状可以做一些改变，比如设计为燕尾形的滑槽114和凸部127；并且，可以改变凸部127和滑槽114的设置位置，将凸部127设置于滑动部，而将滑槽114设置于轨道126。
在本实施例中，铺粉缸111的出粉口111a处具有第一启闭机构115，用来开启或者关闭出粉口111a，以实现自由供粉。在本实施例中，第一启闭机构115包括转动连接于铺粉缸111的封堵件117以及用于驱动封堵件117打开或者关闭出粉口111a的第二驱动机构。进一步地，出粉口111a为垂直于铺粉装置110运动方向的条状开口，相应的，封堵件117为一个条状的封板，封堵件117的一侧与一个转轴固定连接，转轴与铺粉缸111可转动地连接，当转轴转动时，封堵件117可以跟随转动来打开或者关闭出粉口111a。第二驱动机构包括固定于铺粉缸111的第二驱动部116、与第二驱动部116传动连接的主动链轮以及设置于转轴上的一个从动链轮，主动链轮和从动链轮之间通过链条来传动。应当理解，在本发明的其他实施例中，第二驱动机构还可以通过其他方式驱动转轴转动，例如第二驱动机通过 带传动或者齿轮啮合传动驱动转轴转动。
为了使送粉缸130的送料口具有自动开闭的功能，送料口处设置有第二启闭机构132，本实施例的第二启闭机构132在结构和功能上与第一启闭机构115类似，此处不再赘述。
在本实施例中，两条轨道126为金属材料制成，因而具有导电性。两条轨道126分别电连接于电源(图未示)并分别为正极和负极，轨道126能够向第一驱动机构提供电力。应当理解，在本发明的其他实施例中，轨道126的也可以部分由金属制成，金属部分充当电导体，而其余部分设置为绝缘材料以保障安全。
图5为本发明实施例1的3D打印机200的结构示意图。请参照图5，本实施例提供一种3D打印机200，3D打印机200包括了打印平台210、设置于打印平台210上方的打印装置(图未示)以及设置于打印平台210上方的铺粉***100。打印平台210的平台表面101上方设置有两个集粉缸212，两个集粉缸212分别位于轨道126延伸方向的两端，使得平粉部112随铺粉装置110移动到最左端或者最右端时，能够将多余的粉料扫入集粉缸212中收集起来，有利于粉料的再次利用。
本实施例的铺粉装置110及3D打印机200的工作原理是：
铺粉装置110在平台表面101上方来回直线移动并且来回铺粉，紧随出粉口111a的平粉部112能够及时将粉料抹平，并且向一个方向移动到尽头时能够将多余粉收集到集粉缸212内。铺粉装置110从轨道126的一端向另一端移动铺粉，到尽头时，可以利用铺粉缸111上方的送粉缸130进行粉料补给，铺粉完成后打印装置可以在粉料上进行打印操作。完成第一层 打印后，降低打印平台210的高度，再进行后续的铺粉和打印，以此循环。这样的铺粉装置110和3D打印机200将储粉、铺粉、平粉、集粉的相关设备集成在一起，并设置于打印平台210的上方，让设备更加紧凑，增加了空间利用率。并且整体性能稳定，可以来回的铺粉，工作效率更高。
实施例2
图6为本发明实施例2的铺粉***300在3D打印机400上的布置示意图。请参照图，本实施例提供一种铺粉***300及3D打印机400，本实施例的铺粉***300用于设置于具有环形平台表面101的打印平台410上。铺粉***300包括第一驱动机构、第三驱动机构以及铺粉装置310。第三驱动机构设置于第一驱动机构上，铺粉装置310与第三驱动机构传动连接，使得第一驱动机构能够带动第三驱动机构以及铺粉装置310一同在打印平台410上方转动；而第三驱动机构能够进一步带动铺粉装置310相对第一驱动机构转动。本实施例的3D打印机400包括具有平台表面101的打印平台410、平台表面101内侧的集粉缸412以及平台表面101上方的打印装置(图未示)。
在本实施例中，第一驱动机构包括转盘320以及驱动转盘320转动的第一驱动部(图未示)，转盘320所在的平面与打印平台410平台表面101平行。在本实施例中，为了使转盘320与打印平台410之间能够较好的转动配合，转盘320的底部设置有滚轮(图未示)，而第一驱动部在本实施例中为步进电机。
本实施例中，转盘320位于环形的平台表面101内侧，并与其同轴设置。转盘320上靠近边缘处设置有固定座322，固定座322用于与铺粉装置310转动连接，使得铺粉装置310能够相对于转盘320转动，以实现铺粉装 置310能够探出于平台表面101上或者从平台表面101上方收回。
图7为本发明实施例2的第三驱动机构的示意图。请参照图6和图7，在本实施例中，固定座322上设置有两个安装部324，两个安装部324向水平方向凸出，并且在高度方向上间隔设置。两个安装部324的自由端具有竖直贯通的通孔，用于与铺粉装置310进行铰接。
图8为本发明实施例2的铺粉装置310的结构示意图。请参照图6至图8，在本实施例中，铺粉装置310包括铺粉缸311以及与铺粉缸311固定连接的平粉部312，平粉部312的包括一个条形的安装架313，刷毛设置于安装架313并朝向下，铺粉缸311与安装架313固定。在本实施例中，安装架313长于铺粉缸311在环形路径的径向上的尺寸(这里指在平台表面101上方，处于工作状态下)，安装架313靠近环形路径内侧的一端径向向内延伸，通过一个轴体334铰接于两个安装部324之间。第三驱动机构包括设置于安装架313内侧一端的轴体334、设置于轴体334的从动齿轮336、第三驱动部330以及与第三驱动部330的转轴连接的主动齿轮332。安装架313的端部具有缺口，轴体334贯穿缺口两侧，位于缺口内的部分固定设置从动齿轮336。轴体334与安装架313固定连接，其两端凸出于安装架313长度方向的两侧，两个端部与安装部324的通孔铰接。从动齿轮336与轴体334相对固定，第三驱动部330固定设置于转盘320并能够驱动主动齿轮332转动。主动齿轮332与从动齿轮336啮合，使得第三驱动部330能够驱动安装架313带动铺粉缸311相对转盘320转动。在本实施例中，第三驱动部330为步进电机，应理解，在其他实施例中，第三驱动部330也可以为其他种类的电机。
在本发明的其他实施例中，轴体334也可以是竖直方向贯穿安装部324、安装架313的螺栓，并同时穿过从动齿轮336并与从动齿轮336固定，并 使用螺母与螺栓配合来紧固，使螺栓和从动齿轮336相对于安装架313固定。图9为本发明实施例2的安装部324的一种变形，请参考图9，这样的情况下，安装部324的自由端可以设置为轴承，螺栓与轴承内圈固定，安装部324与轴承外圈固定，这样来实现安装架313绕安装部324转动。
在本实施例中，铺粉缸311设置一个出粉口311a，出粉口311a相对于平粉部312位于运动方向的前方，使得出粉口311a送出的粉料能够及时地被平粉部312抹平。与实施例1中类似，仅将实施例1中的双空腔结构设置为单空腔结构，并且只具有一个条形的出粉口311a。同样，本实施例的出粉口311a也通过相同的启闭机构来实现开关，而该启闭机构与电源(图未示)连接，此处不再对该启闭机构的具体结构进行阐述。
平粉部312为条状并平行于平台表面101，平粉部312远离转盘320的一端从径向上超出铺粉装置310的外侧，并径向向内弯曲，形成钩状的集粉部340。当第三驱动部330驱使铺粉装置310相对于转盘320转动从而从平台表面101上收回时，集粉部340能够较好地将多余的粉料从打印平台410上收集至集粉缸412内。本实施例中的集粉缸412为环形的槽体，其设置于转盘320与平台表面101之间，铺粉装置310收回时，平粉部312能够将多余的粉末收集到集粉缸412内，以备再次利用。
在本实施例中，转盘320上连接有四个铺粉装置310以及相应的第一驱动机构、第二驱动机构。在本发明的其他实施例中，铺粉装置310的个数可以进行增减。图10为本发明实施例2的送粉缸350的布置示意图。请参见图10，铺粉***300还包括设置于在环形平台表面101上方的四个送粉缸350，四个送粉缸350分别与四个铺粉装置310对应。与实施例1中功能类似，送粉缸350可以储粉以及在铺粉装置310从打印平台410上收回至转盘320上时，向铺粉缸311中提供适量粉末。
本实施例的铺粉***300及3D打印机400的工作原理是：
转盘320带动4个铺粉装置310在环形的平台表面101上运动进行铺粉。铺粉装置310与转盘320通过第三驱动机构传动连接，使得铺粉装置310可以相对于转盘320转动，因此第三驱动机构可以控制铺粉装置310探出与平台表面101之上或者从平台表面101上方收回以供打印装置对粉末进行打印。铺粉装置310收回时，平粉部312自由端的集粉部340能够将粉料“兜住”，较好地将多余的粉料收集至集粉缸412中。本实施例的铺粉***300适用于具有环形平台表面101的打印机，其铺粉、平粉、收集多余粉末的功能集成于一体，结构紧凑，工作效率高。
综上所述，本发明实施例的铺粉***包括铺粉装置以及驱动铺粉装置在打印平台上运动的第一驱动机构。铺粉装置包括具有出粉口的铺粉缸以及用于抹平粉末的平粉部，平粉部的下端与打印平台的平台表面水平平行。当铺粉装置在打印平台上方移动并进行铺粉时，铺粉缸内的打印材料(粉料)能够从出粉口送出，铺设在打印平台的平台表面或者上一次铺粉作业所形成的工作面上，然后紧随其后的平粉部能够将这些粉料抹平，形成新的工作面。铺粉、抹平的功能集于一体，整体上结构紧凑，工作效率高。
本发明实施例的3D打印机设置有上述的铺粉***，因此也具有上述的有益效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种铺粉***，其特征在于，所述铺粉***包括：
    铺粉装置，所述铺粉装置包括用于盛装粉末材料的铺粉缸以及平粉部，所述平粉部为平粉刷或者平粉辊，所述铺粉缸具有用于向打印平台铺设粉末的出粉口，所述平粉部用于把铺设在所述打印平台上的粉末抹平以形成工作面；
    用于驱动所述铺粉装置在所述工作面上方移动的第一驱动机构；
    设置于所述打印平台上方的送粉缸，所述送粉缸设置有送粉口，所述送粉口设置有第二启闭机构，所述送粉口的所述第二启闭机构用于开启或关闭所述送粉口，所述送粉口用于把送粉缸内的粉末输送到铺粉缸内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述第一驱动机构包括沿直线方向延伸的轨道，所述铺粉装置与所述轨道配合并能够在所述轨道的延伸方向上移动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述第一驱动机构用于驱动所述铺粉装置在圆周方向上运动。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述铺粉装置包括两个所述出粉口，两个所述出粉口在所述铺粉装置的运动方向上间隔设置，所述平粉部位于两个所述出粉口之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述铺粉装置包括两个所述平粉部，两个所述平粉部在所述铺粉装置的运动方向上间隔设置，所述出粉口位于两个所述平粉部之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述出粉口上设置有第一启闭机构，所述第一启闭机构包括活动连接于所述铺粉缸的封堵件以及用于驱动所述封堵件打开或者关闭所述出粉口的第二驱动机构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述铺粉***包括至少两个所述送粉缸，所述送粉缸固定设置在所述打印平台的上方。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述第一驱动机构包括转盘以及用于驱动所述转盘转动的第一驱动部；所述铺粉装置与所述转盘转动连接，所述转盘上设置有第三驱动机构，所述第三驱动机构用于驱动所述铺粉装置相对于所述转盘转动，使其能够伸至所述打印平台上方或者从所述打印平台上方收回。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的铺粉***，其特征在于：
    所述平粉部为条状并水平平行于所述打印平台上平面，所述平粉部远离所述转盘的一端径向向内弯曲，形成钩状的集粉部，所述集粉部用于收纳所述平粉部抹平粉末后所述工作面上的多余粉末。
  10. 一种3D打印机，其特征在于：
    其包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的铺粉***。
PCT/CN2018/000089 2017-12-07 2018-03-06 一种铺粉***及3d打印机 WO2019109434A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711288607.4 2017-12-07
CN201711288607.4A CN107839228A (zh) 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 一种铺粉***及3d打印机

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019109434A1 true WO2019109434A1 (zh) 2019-06-13

Family

ID=61663338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/000089 WO2019109434A1 (zh) 2017-12-07 2018-03-06 一种铺粉***及3d打印机

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107839228A (zh)
WO (1) WO2019109434A1 (zh)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112371999A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2021-02-19 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 一种用于大尺寸电子束3d打印的送粉***
CN113400643A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-09-17 广东累层科技发展有限公司 一种打印设备的铺料装置
CN114160815A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-03-11 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 一种3d打印用双向刮刀
CN114247904A (zh) * 2021-12-24 2022-03-29 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 双向铺粉及下送粉装置和增材制造设备
CN114433881A (zh) * 2022-02-11 2022-05-06 深圳市金石三维打印科技有限公司 一种用于slm型金属3d打印机的铺粉装置
CN114905052A (zh) * 2022-04-08 2022-08-16 江苏科技大学 一种激光3d打印多金属材料成型装置及其工作方法
CN115107274A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-09-27 重庆大学 3d打印设备及其打印方法
CN115194149A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-10-18 芜湖市恒峰科技有限公司 一种粉末冶金件生产的自动上粉装置
CN115401218A (zh) * 2021-05-26 2022-11-29 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 金属3d打印装置及金属3d打印方法

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108544753B (zh) * 2018-05-07 2024-04-05 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 双向铺粉装置、供粉铺粉装置及增材制造设备
CN108995215B (zh) * 2018-06-27 2020-08-14 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 应用于3d打印机的铺粉装置
CN108773070B (zh) * 2018-06-27 2024-04-19 共享智能装备(安徽)有限公司 3d打印设备用铺料装置及其铺料方法
CN109226762B (zh) * 2018-11-14 2021-03-19 浙江工贸职业技术学院 一种金属3d打印设备
CN109317676B (zh) * 2018-12-04 2020-09-11 湖南华曙高科技有限责任公司 送粉装置、送粉方法及快速成型设备
US20220288852A1 (en) * 2019-09-27 2022-09-15 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Build material loading
CN114290477B (zh) * 2022-01-18 2023-10-24 丁昌利 一种太阳光汇聚3d打印生成建筑的方法
CN116039082A (zh) * 2022-12-31 2023-05-02 西安科创增材制造有限公司 一种3d打印设备的自动落料铺料装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN206200128U (zh) * 2016-11-11 2017-05-31 新疆大学 刀具固定工件浮动式slm成型机
CN106964775A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-07-21 窦鹤鸿 3d打印装备及3d打印机
CN106964776A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-07-21 窦鹤鸿 圆柱体形3d打印装备及3d打印机
EP3219474A1 (en) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-20 Airbus Operations GmbH Method and device for 3d-printing a fiber reinforced composite component by tape-laying

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004106041A2 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-12-09 Z Corporation Apparatus and methods for 3d printing
DE102010041284A1 (de) * 2010-09-23 2012-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum selektiven Lasersintern und für dieses Verfahren geeignete Anlage zum selektiven Lasersintern
CN203697714U (zh) * 2014-02-28 2014-07-09 广州丽格打印耗材有限公司 粉末打印机料仓的开门机构
US10384435B2 (en) * 2016-01-04 2019-08-20 Caterpillar Inc. 3D printing
KR101676606B1 (ko) * 2016-04-06 2016-11-16 주식회사 대건테크 3d 프린터용 분말 공급장치
CN206104881U (zh) * 2016-10-26 2017-04-19 华南理工大学 一种激光选区熔化slm设备移动料斗式双向铺粉装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3219474A1 (en) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-20 Airbus Operations GmbH Method and device for 3d-printing a fiber reinforced composite component by tape-laying
CN206200128U (zh) * 2016-11-11 2017-05-31 新疆大学 刀具固定工件浮动式slm成型机
CN106964775A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-07-21 窦鹤鸿 3d打印装备及3d打印机
CN106964776A (zh) * 2017-05-10 2017-07-21 窦鹤鸿 圆柱体形3d打印装备及3d打印机

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112371999B (zh) * 2020-09-28 2022-12-06 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 一种用于大尺寸电子束3d打印的送粉***
CN112371999A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2021-02-19 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 一种用于大尺寸电子束3d打印的送粉***
CN113400643A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-09-17 广东累层科技发展有限公司 一种打印设备的铺料装置
CN115401218A (zh) * 2021-05-26 2022-11-29 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 金属3d打印装置及金属3d打印方法
CN114247904A (zh) * 2021-12-24 2022-03-29 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 双向铺粉及下送粉装置和增材制造设备
CN114160815A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-03-11 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 一种3d打印用双向刮刀
CN114160815B (zh) * 2022-01-24 2023-08-22 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 一种3d打印用双向刮刀
CN114433881A (zh) * 2022-02-11 2022-05-06 深圳市金石三维打印科技有限公司 一种用于slm型金属3d打印机的铺粉装置
CN114905052A (zh) * 2022-04-08 2022-08-16 江苏科技大学 一种激光3d打印多金属材料成型装置及其工作方法
CN114905052B (zh) * 2022-04-08 2024-03-19 江苏科技大学 一种激光3d打印多金属材料成型装置及其工作方法
CN115107274A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-09-27 重庆大学 3d打印设备及其打印方法
CN115107274B (zh) * 2022-07-06 2024-05-17 重庆大学 3d打印设备及其打印方法
CN115194149A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-10-18 芜湖市恒峰科技有限公司 一种粉末冶金件生产的自动上粉装置
CN115194149B (zh) * 2022-07-22 2023-10-13 湖南名巨电子科技有限公司 一种粉末冶金件生产的自动上粉装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107839228A (zh) 2018-03-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2019109434A1 (zh) 一种铺粉***及3d打印机
CN105903966B (zh) 一种基于贵金属3d打印的内置自动涂层装置与方法
CN109663919B (zh) 一种多材料零件3d打印机及其打印方法
CN107695354A (zh) 一种激光烧结设备的供粉机构
CN105562687A (zh) 不同粉末复合使用的选区激光熔融送粉铺粉装置
CN104772461B (zh) 一种激光粉末快速成形机精量铺粉装置
CN112208098A (zh) 3d打印机及其铺粉方法
CN109878079B (zh) 3d打印装置和方法
CN106863786A (zh) 一种3d打印快速成型机具有定量落料功能的料缸
CN206065411U (zh) 一种基于贵金属3d打印的内置自动涂层装置
CN110842200A (zh) 一种高效的选择性激光熔化金属3d打印铺粉***
CN212686974U (zh) 一种包装袋印刷用涂料投放装置
CN206605786U (zh) 一种3d打印快速成型机具有定量落料功能的料缸
CN210364696U (zh) 一种加热灌装机
CN207668506U (zh) 一种激光烧结设备供粉机构的送粉装置
CN207579110U (zh) 一种铺粉***及3d打印机
CN217322004U (zh) 一种自动化电炉上料配料控制装置
CN216733015U (zh) 激光选区熔化3d打印设备的落粉结构
CN216678602U (zh) 一种便于除铁的钛粉生产设备
CN115958207A (zh) 一种金属粉末打印机铺粉装置及其工作方法
CN212681470U (zh) 一种石墨稀散热膜生产用涂层装置
CN211138131U (zh) 一种成型产品模型精度高的3d打印设备成型机
CN210682260U (zh) 一种全自动上料式纸箱印刷机
CN211051770U (zh) 一种电机生产用机壳喷涂装置
CN210615116U (zh) 一种用于金属3d打印机的粉末输送装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18885798

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18885798

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1