WO2019105871A1 - Nitrogenous heterocycles as a pesticide - Google Patents

Nitrogenous heterocycles as a pesticide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019105871A1
WO2019105871A1 PCT/EP2018/082479 EP2018082479W WO2019105871A1 WO 2019105871 A1 WO2019105871 A1 WO 2019105871A1 EP 2018082479 W EP2018082479 W EP 2018082479W WO 2019105871 A1 WO2019105871 A1 WO 2019105871A1
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Prior art keywords
spp
formula
compounds
methyl
seed
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PCT/EP2018/082479
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Jeschke
Oliver Gutbrod
Reiner Fischer
Elke Hellwege
Peter Loesel
Sascha EILMUS
Kerstin Ilg
Stefan Herrmann
Ulrich Görgens
Marc LINKA
Andreas Turberg
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Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
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Priority to AU2018376146A priority Critical patent/AU2018376146A1/en
Publication of WO2019105871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019105871A1/en
Priority to PH12020550733A priority patent/PH12020550733A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond

Definitions

  • the present application relates to novel heterocyclic compounds, processes and intermediates for their preparation and their use for controlling animal pests.
  • DE 10024938 A1 describes the preparation of phenyliminoazines which have a herbicidal activity.
  • Nitrogen-containing heterocycles as pesticides are disclosed in WO 2017/005673 Al. Plant protection products, including pesticides, must meet many requirements, such as the level, duration and breadth of their effects and possible uses. Issues of toxicity, of the ability to be combined with other active substances or formulation auxiliaries play a role, as well as the question of the effort that has to be spent on the synthesis of an active substance. Furthermore, resistances can occur. For all these reasons, the search for new pesticides can not be considered complete and there is a constant need for new compounds with improved properties over the known compounds, at least with respect to individual aspects.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide compounds which broaden the spectrum of pesticides from various aspects.
  • the problem is solved, as well as other tasks not explicitly mentioned, which can be derived or deduced from the relationships discussed herein, by compounds of the formula (I)
  • R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluorochloromethyl, fluorobromoethyl, difluorochloromethyl, difluorobromoethyl, difluoroiodomethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1 -Fluorine- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, cyano- substituted haloalkyl, Ci-C i-haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 - haloalkylthio, Ci-C4-haloalkylsulfinyl, Ci-C4-haloalkylsulfonyl, optionally halogen-substituted Ci-C 4 - alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl optionally substituted by
  • R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluorochloromethyl, fluorobromoethyl, difluorochloromethyl, difluorobromoethyl, difluoroiodomethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1 -Fluorine-
  • the compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention and their acid addition salts and metal salt complexes have good activity, in particular for controlling animal pests, which include arthropods and in particular insects.
  • Suitable salts of the compounds of formula (I) may include conventional non-toxic salts, i. H. Salts with corresponding bases and salts with added acids.
  • salts with inorganic bases such as alkali metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or cesium salts, alkaline earth metal salts, for example calcium or magnesium salts, ammonium salts, salts with organic bases and with inorganic amines, for example triethylammonium, Dicyclohexylammonium-,, V, '-Dibcnzylcthylcndiammonium-, pyridinium, picolinium or ethanolammonium salts, salts with inorganic acids, for example hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, dihydrosulfates, trihydrosulfates, or phosphates, salts with organic carboxylic acids or organic sulfonic acids, for example, formates, acetates, trifluoroacetates, maleates, tart
  • the activation (step 2) can also be carried out with other acid halides, for example with phosphoryl bromide.
  • the corresponding substituted pyridinium bromides (V) are formed, which in the third reaction step, for example with cyanamide, can be converted into the compounds of the formula (I) (cf., WO 2017/005673 A1).
  • the compound of formula (II), 2 (1/7) pyridinone (CAS No. 142-08-5), is commercially available (see ABCR GmbH, Aldrich, etc.).
  • LG is an in situ generated nucleofuge leaving group
  • leaving group an in situ generated nucleofuge leaving group
  • LG halogen
  • the compounds of formula (IV) according to step 2 of the preparation process A by means of suitable activating reagents, for example with acid halides of inorganic acids such as sulfuryl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphoryl bromide, phosphorus pentabromide or with acid halides of organic acids such as oxalyl chloride in the compounds of formula (V) in which X represents a corresponding halide anion, for example chloride or bromide, and LG represents an optionally in situ generated nucleofugic leaving group (cf., WO 2017/005673 A1).
  • suitable activating reagents for example with acid halides of inorganic acids such as sulfuryl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphoryl bromide, phosphorus pentabromide or with acid halides of organic acids such as oxalyl chloride in the compounds of formula (V) in which X represents a corresponding halide
  • the compounds of the formula (IV) are first obtained, which are then converted by thionation reaction (step 2) into compounds of the formula (VI). Subsequent S-methylation leads to compounds of formula (VII).
  • the S-methyl group can be exchanged as a nucleofugic leaving group LG, for example, against ammonia to form the compounds of the formula (VIII) in step 4.
  • step 2 Subsequent thionation (step 2) using diphosphorus pentasulfide then leads to 6'-difluoromethyl [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione of the formula (VI) which is subsequently reacted with methyl iodide in a third reaction step to give [1- [6-difluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) -pyridinium iodide of the formula (VII) S-methylethyl.
  • thionating agents sulfur reagents
  • H2S hydrogen sulfide
  • H2S / HCl hydrogen sulfide / hydrogen chloride
  • H2S2 / HCl hydrogen persulfide / hydrogen chloride
  • silicon disulfide S1S2
  • B2S3 diboron trisulfide
  • B2S3 phosphorus pentachloride / dialuminium trisulfide / sodium sulfate
  • PCL / Al 2 S 3 / Na 2 SO 4 sodium sulfide / sulfuric acid
  • Diphosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5) diphosphorus pentasulfide
  • diphosphorus pentasulfide diphosphorus pentasul
  • Preferred thionating agents are diphosphorus pentasulfide (P 2 S 5 ), diphosphorus pentasulfide / pyridine (P2SLP V ), 2,4-bis (4-phenoxyphenyl) -2,4-dithioxo-l, 3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane "Belleau's reagent” (BR) or 2,4-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) -2,4-dithioxo-l, 3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane "Lawesson's reagent" (LR) in question.
  • the compound of the formula (IX) can be reacted with compounds of the formula (III) in which R has the abovementioned meaning and LG is an in situ generated nucleofugic leaving group to give compounds of the formula (I) become.
  • the compound of the formula (IX), V-2-pyridinyl-cyanoamide (CAS No. 21418-21-3), is known and commercially available (FCH Groups Reagents for Synthesis, Small Molecules Product List, etc ).
  • FCH Groups Reagents for Synthesis Small Molecules Product List, etc .
  • R has the meaning mentioned above, preferably in the presence of copper (I) iodide or copper (I) - acetate, reaction aids and in suitable solution or diluents.
  • Suitable reaction auxiliaries for the preparation of the compounds of the formula (IV) are basic reaction auxiliaries.
  • Examples include the hydroxides, hydrides, oxides and carbonates of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and barium, further basic compounds such as amidine bases or guanidine bases such as 7-methyl-l, 5,7-triaza-bicyclo (4.4.0 ) dec-5-ene (MTBD); Diazabicyclo (4.3.0) nonene (DBN), diazabicyclo (2.2.2) octane (DABCO), 1,8-diazabicyclo (5.4.0) undecene (DBU), cyclohexyltetrabutyl-guanidine (CyTBG), cyclohexyltetramethylguanidine (CyTMG), NNNN Tetramethyl-l, 8-naphthalenediamine, pentamethylpiperidine, tertiary amines such as triethylamine, trimethylamine, tribenzylamine, triisopropylamine, tributylamine, tricyclohexylamine,
  • Suitable solvents or diluents are all inert organic solvents, for example aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons (such as petroleum ether, toluene), halogenated hydrocarbons (such as chlorotoluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane), ethers (such as diethyl ether, dioxane, Tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane), esters (such as ethyl acetate or methyl ester), nitrocarbons (such as nitromethane, nitroethane, nitrobenzene), nitriles (such as acetonitrile, benzonitrile), amides (such as, V, N-D imct hy 1 fo urine on id, N,, V-D imcthy 1 ac ctami de, N-methyl-formanilide,, V-cthylpyrrolidon, hexa
  • halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane
  • amides as solvents, such as, for example, V, D-dimethyl-1-imid id.
  • the compounds of the formula (V) are preferably prepared in the presence of inorganic acid halides, a catalytic amount of a basic reaction auxiliary and in the presence of suitable solvents or diluents.
  • phosphoric acid halides such as dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane
  • amides as solvents, such as, for example, V, D-dimethyl-1-methylamine.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of a basic reaction auxiliary and in the presence of suitable solvents or diluents.
  • the compounds of the formula (VI) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of a thionation agent (sulfur reagents) and in the presence of a basic reaction auxiliary and of suitable solvents or diluents.
  • a thionation agent sulfur reagents
  • P2S5 diphosphorus pentasulfide
  • sulfur reagents sodium hydrogen carbonate
  • 1,4-dioxane as solvent or diluent
  • pyridine as basic reaction auxiliary, solvent or diluent.
  • the compounds of the formula (VII) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of a suitable C 1 -alkylating agent and in the presence of a suitable solvent or diluent.
  • Methyliodide is preferably used as the ⁇ -alkylating agent and a nitrile, for example acetonitrile, as the solvent or diluent.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of a basic reaction auxiliary and in the presence of suitable solvents or diluents.
  • Hydrazine hydrate or pyridine are preferably used as basic reaction auxiliaries and nitrites, such as acetonitrile, as solvents or diluents.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of copper (I) iodide, reaction auxiliaries and in suitable solvents or diluents.
  • Potassium acetate is preferably used as reaction auxiliaries and amides, such as, for example, V,, V-dimericammide, are used as solvent or diluent.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) can be present as geometrical and / or as optically active isomers or corresponding isomer mixtures in different compositions.
  • These stereoisomers are, for example, enantiomers, diastereomers, atropisomers or geometric isomers.
  • the invention thus comprises both pure stereoisomers and any mixtures of these isomers.
  • the invention also relates to methods for controlling animal pests, in which compounds of the formula (I) are allowed to act on animal pests and / or their habitat. Preference is given to the control of animal pests in agriculture and forestry and in the protection of materials. Excluded therefor are preferably methods for the surgical or therapeutic treatment of the human or animal body and diagnostic methods that are performed on the human or animal body.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the compounds of the formula (I) as pesticides, in particular pesticides.
  • pest control always always includes the term pesticides.
  • the compounds of formula (I) are suitable for good plant tolerance, favorable toxicity to warm-blooded animals and good environmental compatibility for the protection of plants and plant organs from biotic and abiotic stress factors, to increase emt yields, to improve the quality of the emetic and to control animal pests, in particular insects.
  • Arachnids, helminths, in particular nematodes, and mollusks which are found in agriculture, horticulture, livestock, aquaculture, forestry, gardens and recreational facilities, in the protection of materials and materials and in the hygiene sector.
  • the term "hygiene” is to be understood as meaning any and all measures, rules and procedures whose purpose is to prevent diseases, in particular infectious diseases, and which serve to protect human health and to protect animals and / or protect the environment, and / or maintain cleanliness. According to the invention, this excludes in particular measures for cleaning, disinfecting and sterilizing, for example, textiles or hard surfaces, in particular surfaces Glass, wood, cement, porcelain, ceramics, plastic or even metal (s) to ensure that they are free of hygiene pests and / or their excreta.
  • surgical or therapeutic treatment regimens to be applied to the human body or bodies of animals and diagnostic provisions made on the human body or bodies of animals.
  • honeygiene sector covers all areas, technical fields and industrial applications in which these hygiene measures, regulations and procedures are important, for example with regard to hygiene in kitchens, bakeries, airports, bathrooms, swimming pools, department stores, hotels, Hospitals, stables, animal husbandry etc.
  • Hygiene pest is therefore to be understood as referring to one or more animal pests whose presence in the hygiene sector is problematic, especially for health reasons. It is therefore a major objective to avoid or minimize the presence of hygiene pests and / or exposure to them in the sanitary sector. This can be achieved in particular by the use of a pesticide, which can be used both to prevent infestation and to prevent an already existing infestation. It is also possible to use preparations which prevent or reduce exposure to pests.
  • Hygiene pests include, for example, the organisms mentioned below.
  • the compounds of the formula (1) can preferably be used as pesticides. They are effective against normally sensitive and resistant species as well as against all or individual stages of development.
  • the above mentioned pests include:
  • Pests from the strain of Arthropoda in particular from the class of Arachnida z. Acarus spp., E.g. Acarus siro, Aceria kuko, Aceria sheldoni, Aculops spp., Aculus spp., E.g. Aculus fockeui, Aculus badendali, Amblyomma spp., Amphitetranychus viennensis, Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., E.g. B.
  • Panonychus citri Metatetranychus citri
  • Panonychus ulmi Metatetranychus ulmi
  • Phyllocoptruta oleivora Platytetranychus multidigituli
  • Polyphagotarsonemus latus Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Scorpio maurus, Steneotarsonemus spp. Steneotarsonemus spinki, Tarsonemus spp. Tarsonemus confusus, Tarsonemus pallidus, Tetranychus spp., E.g.
  • Blatta orientalis Blattella asahinai, Blattella germanica, Leucophaea maderae, Loboptera decipiens, Neostylopyga rhombifolia, Panchlora spp., Parcoblatta spp., Periplaneta spp., E.g. Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta australasiae, Pycnoscelus surinamensis, Supella longipalpa; from the order of Coleoptera z.
  • Anoplophora glabripennis Anthonomus spp., Z. Anthonomus grandis, Anthrenus spp., Apion spp., Apogonia spp., Atomaria spp., E.g. Eg Atomaria linearis, Attagenus spp., Baris caerulescens, Bruchidius obtectus, Bruchus spp., E.g. Bruchus pisorum, Bruchus rufimanus, Cassida spp., Cerotoma trifurcata, Ceutorrhynchus spp.
  • Diabrotica balteata Diabrotica barberi, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi, Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, Diabrotica virgifera zeae, Dichocrocis spp., Dicladispa armigera, Diloboderus spp., Epicaerus spp., Epilachna spp., E.g. Epilachna borealis, Epilachna varivestis, Epitrix spp., E.g.
  • Epitrix cucumeris Epitrix fuscula, Epitrix hirtipennis, Epitrix subcrinita, Epitrix tuberis, Faustinus spp., Gibbium psylloides, Gnathocerus comutus, Hellula and alis, Heteronychus arator, Heteronyx spp., Hylamorpha elegans, Hylotrupes b Camillus, Hypera postica, Hypomeces squamosus, Hypothenemus spp. z.
  • Hypothenemus hampei Hypothenemus obscurus, Hypothenemus pubescens, Lachnostema consanguinea, Lasioderma serricome, Latheticus oryzae, Lathridius spp., Lema spp., Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Leucoptera spp., E.g. Luperoptera spp., Luperodes spp., Luperomorpha xanthodera, Lyctus spp., Megacyllene spp., E.g. Megacyllene robiniae, Megascelis spp., Melanotus spp., E.g.
  • Melanotus longulus oregonensis Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha spp., E.g. Melolontha melolontha, Migdolus spp., Monochamus spp., Naupactus xanthographus, Necrobia spp., Neogalerucella spp., Niptus hololeucus, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Oryzaphagus oryzae, Otiorhynchus spp., E.g.
  • Otiorhynchus cribricollis Otiorhynchus ligustici, Otiorhynchus ovatus, Otiorhynchus rugosostriarus, Otiorhynchus sulcatus, Oulema spp., E.g. Oulema melanopus, Oulema oryzae, Oxycetonia jucunda, Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllophaga spp., Phyllophaga helleri, Phyllotreta spp., E.g.
  • Phyllotreta armoraciae Phyllotreta pusilla, Phyllotreta ramosa, Phyllotreta striolata, Popillia japonica, Premnotrypes spp., Prostephanus truncatus, Psylliodes spp., E.g.
  • Tribolium audax Tribolium castaneum, Tribolium confusum, Trogoderma spp., Tychius spp., Xylotrechus spp., Zabrus spp., E.g. Zabrus tenebrioides; from the order of Dermaptera z.
  • Acyrthosiphon pisum Acrogonia spp., Aeneolamia spp., Agonoscena spp., Aleurocanthus spp., Aleyrodes proletella, Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Allocaridara malayensis, Amrasca spp., E.g. Amrasca bigutulla, Amrasca devastans, Anuraphis cardui, Aonidiella spp.
  • Aspidiella spp. Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., E.g. Aspidiotus nerii, Atanus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia tabaci, Blastopsylla occidentalis, Boreioglycaspis melaleucae, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Brachycolus spp., Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp., E.g. B.
  • Icerya purchasi Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., Laodelphax striatellus, Lecanium spp., E.g.
  • Macrosiphum euphorbiae Macrosiphum lilii, Macrosiphum rosae, Macrosteies facifrons, Mahanarva spp., Melanaphis sacchari, Metcalfiella spp., Metcalfa pruinosa, Metopolophium dirhodum, Monellia costalis, Monelliopsis pecanis, Myzus spp., E.g.
  • Nephotettix spp. e.g. Nephotettix cincticeps, Nephotettix nigropictus, Nettigoniclla spectra, Nilaparvata lugens, Oncometopia spp., Orthezia praelonga, Oxya chinensis, Pachypsylla spp., Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza spp., E.g.
  • Paratrioza cockerelli Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus spp., E.g. B. Pemphigus bursarius, Pemphigus populivenae, Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella spp., Phenacoccus spp., Z. Phenacoccus madeirensis, Phloeomyzus passerinii, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp., E.g. Phylloxera devastatrix, Phylloxera notabilis, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Planococcus spp., E.g. B.
  • Planococcus citri Prosopidopsylla flava, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Pseudococcus spp., Z. Pseudococcus calceolariae, Pseudococcus comstocki, Pseudococcus longispinus, Pseudococcus maritimus, Pseudococcus vibumi, Psyllopsis spp., Psylla spp., E.g.
  • Rhopalosiphum maidis Rhopalosiphum oxyacanthae, Rhopalosiphum padi, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominal, Saissetia spp., E.g.
  • Trioza spp. E.g. Trioza diospyri, Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp., Viteus vitifolii, Zygina spp .; from the subordination of Heteroptera z.
  • Aelia spp. Anasa tristis, Antestiopsis spp., Boisea spp., Blissus spp., Calocoris spp., Campylomma livida, Cavelerius spp., Cimex spp., E.g.
  • Cimex adjunctus Cimex hemipterus, Cimex lectularius, Cimex pilosellus, Collaria spp., Creontiades dilutus, Dasynus piperis, Dichelops furcatus, Diconocoris hewetti, Dysdercus spp., Euschistus spp., E.g.
  • Lygus elisus Lygus hesperus, Lygus lineolaris, Macropes excavatus, Megacopta cribraria, Miridae, Monalonion atratum, Nezara spp., Z. Nezara viridula, Nysius spp., Oebalus spp., Pentomidae, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp., E.g.
  • Hoplocampa cookei Hoplocampa testudinea, Lasius spp., Linepithema (Iridiomyrmex) humile, Monomorium pharaonis, Paratrechina spp., Paravespula spp., Plagiolepis spp., Sirex spp., E.g. B. Sirex noctilio, Solenopsis invicta, Tapinoma spp., Technomyrmex albipes, Uroceras spp., Vespa spp., e.g. Vespa crabro, Wasmannia auropunctata, Xeris spp .; from the order of Isopoda z.
  • Cydia nigricana Cydia pomonella, Dalaca noctuides, Diaphania spp., Diparopsis spp., Diatraea saccharalis, Dioryctria spp., E.g. B. Dioryctria tremani, Earias spp., Ecdytolopha aurantium, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp., E.g.
  • Grapholita molesta Grapholita prunivora, Hedylepta spp., Helicoverpa spp., Z. Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Heliothis spp. Homo. Spp., Hyponomeuta padella, Kakivoria flavofasciata, Lampides spp., Laphygma spp., Laspeyresia molesta, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoptera spp., E.g. B. Leucoptera coffeella, Lithocolletis spp., Z. B.
  • Pectinophora gossypiella, Perileucoptera spp., Phthorimaea spp., Z. Phthorimaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Phyllonorycter spp., E.g. Phyllonorycter blancardella, Phyllonorycter crataegella, Pieris spp., E.g. Pieris rapae, Platynota stultana, Plodia interpunctella, Plusia spp., Plutella xylostella ( Plutella maculipennis), Podesia spp., E.g.
  • Trichoplusia ni Tryporyza incertulas, Tuta absolutea, Virachola spp .; from the order of Orthoptera or Saltatoria z.
  • Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans, Xenopsylla cheopis; from the order of Thysanoptera z.
  • Ctenolepisma spp. Lepisma saccharina, Lepismodes inquilinus, Thermobia domestica; from the class of Symphyla z. B. Scutigerella spp., Z. B. Scutigerella immaculata;
  • Bursaphelenchus cocophilus, Bursaphelenchus eremus, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Cacopaurus spp., E.g. Cacopaurus pestis, Criconemella spp., E.g. Criconemella curvata, Criconemella onoensis, Criconemella omata, Criconemella rusium, Criconemella xenoplax ( Mesocriconema xenoplax), Criconemoides spp., E.g. Criconemoides ferniae, Criconemoides onoense, Criconemoides omatum, Ditylenchus spp., E.g.
  • Meloidogyne spp. Longidorus africanus, Meloidogyne spp., E.g. Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne fallax, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloinema spp., Nacobbus spp., Neotylenchus spp., Paralongidorus spp., Paraphelenchus spp., Paratrichodorus spp., E.g. Paratrichodorus minor, Paratylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., E.g.
  • Pratylenchus penetrans Pseudohalenchus spp., Psilenchus spp., Punctodera spp., Quinisulcius spp., Radopholus spp., E.g. Radopholus citrophilus, Radopholus similis, Rotylenchulus spp., Rotylenchus spp., Scutellonema spp., Subanguina spp., Trichodorus spp., E.g. Trichodorus obtusus, Trichodorus primitivus, Tylenchorhynchus spp., E.g. Tylenchorhynchus annulatus, Tylenchulus spp., E.g. B. Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Xiphinema spp., Z. B. Xiphinema index.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) may optionally also be used in certain concentrations or application rates as herbicides, safeners, growth regulators or agents for improving plant properties, as microbicides or gametocides, for example as fungicides, antimycotics, bactericides, viricides (including anti-viral agents) or as a remedy for MLO (Mycoplasma-like-organism) and RLO (Rickettsia-like-organism). If appropriate, they can also be used as intermediates or precursors for the synthesis of further active ingredients.
  • the present invention further relates to formulations and application forms prepared therefrom as pesticides such.
  • B. drench, drip and spray comprising at least one compound of formula (1).
  • the uses include other pest control agents and / or effect enhancing adjuvants such as penetration enhancers, e.g. As vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, mineral oils such as paraffin oils, alkyl esters of vegetable fatty acids such as rapeseed oil or soybean oil or alkanol alkoxylates and / or Spreitmitel such as alkyl siloxanes and / or salts, eg.
  • organic or inorganic ammonium or phosphonium salts such as ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate and / or retention promoting Mitel such.
  • dioctylsulfosuccinate or hydroxypropyl guar polymers and / or Humectants such.
  • glycerol and / or fertilizers such as ammonium, potassium or phosphorus-containing fertilizer.
  • Typical formulations are, for example, water-soluble liquids (SL), emulsion concentrates (EC), emulsions in water (EW), suspension concentrates (SC, SE, FS, OD), water-dispersible granules (WG), granules (GR) and capsule concentrates (CS). ;
  • SL water-soluble liquids
  • EC emulsion concentrates
  • EW emulsions in water
  • SC suspension concentrates
  • SC SE, SE, FS, OD
  • WG water-dispersible granules
  • GR granules
  • capsule concentrates CS
  • the formulations contain, in addition to one or more compounds of the formula (I), further agrochemical active substances.
  • auxiliaries such as extenders, solvents, spontaneity promoters, carriers, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreeze agents, biocides, thickeners and / or further auxiliaries, for example adjuvants.
  • An adjuvant in this context is a component that enhances the biological effect of the formulation without the component itself having a biological effect.
  • Examples of adjuvants are agents that promote retention, spreading behavior, adherence to the leaf surface, or penetration.
  • formulations are prepared in a known manner, for. Example by mixing the compounds of formula (1) with excipients such as extenders, solvents and / or solid carriers and / or other excipients such as surfactants.
  • excipients such as extenders, solvents and / or solid carriers and / or other excipients such as surfactants.
  • the preparation of the formulations is carried out either in suitable systems or before or during use.
  • Excipients which can be used are those which are suitable for imparting special properties to the formulation of the compounds of the formula (I) or the use forms prepared from these formulations (such as, for example, usable pesticides such as spray mixtures or seed dressing), such as certain physical, technical and / or to confer biological properties.
  • Suitable extenders z As water, polar and nonpolar organic chemical liquids such. B. from the classes of aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (such as paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chlorobenzenes), alcohols and polyols (which may also be substituted, etherified and / or esterified), the ketones (such as acetone, cyclohexanone ), esters (including fats and oils) and (poly) ethers, simple and substituted amines, amides, lactams (such as N-alkylpyrrolidones) and lactones, sulfones and sulfoxides (such as dimethylsulfoxide), carbonates and nitriles.
  • aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons such as paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chlorobenzenes
  • alcohols and polyols which may also be substitute
  • Suitable liquid solvents are essentially: aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, eg.
  • Suitable solvents are, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such. As xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatic or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such. As chlorobenzene, chloroethylene, or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such. As cyclohexane, paraffins, petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols such. As methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, ketones such.
  • acetone As acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strong polar solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonates such as propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate or dibutyl carbonate, nitriles such as acetonitrile or propanenitrile, and water.
  • strong polar solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide
  • carbonates such as propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate or dibutyl carbonate
  • nitriles such as acetonitrile or propanenitrile
  • Suitable carriers can be used.
  • carriers are in particular question: z.
  • ammonium salts and natural minerals such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth and synthetic minerals such as finely divided silica, alumina and natural or synthetic silicates, resins, waxes and / or solid fertilizers. Mixtures of such carriers can also be used.
  • Suitable carriers for granules are: z.
  • liquefied gaseous diluents or solvents can be used.
  • extenders or carriers which are gaseous at normal temperature and under atmospheric pressure, for.
  • aerosol propellants such as halogenated hydrocarbons and butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • Examples of emulsifying and / or foaming agents, dispersants or wetting agents with ionic or non-ionic properties or mixtures of these surfactants are salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulfonic acid, salts of phenolsulfonic acid or Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or with fatty acids or with fatty amines, with substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols), salts of sulfosuccinic esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), isethionate derivatives, phosphoric acid esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyols and derivatives of the compounds containing sulfates, sulfonates and phosphates, e.g.
  • alkylaryl polyglycol ethers alkylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, protein hydrolysates, lignin-Sulphatablaugen and methylcellulose.
  • a surfactant is advantageous when one of the compounds of formula (I) and / or one of the inert carriers is not soluble in water and when applied in water.
  • auxiliaries can in the formulations and the applications derived therefrom dyes such as inorganic pigments, eg.
  • dyes such as inorganic pigments, eg.
  • iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic dyes such as alizarin, azo and Metallphthalocyaninfarbstoffe and nutrient and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc may be present.
  • Stabilizers such as cold stabilizers, preservatives, antioxidants, light stabilizers or other chemical and / or physical stability-improving agents may also be present. It may also contain foam-forming agents or defoamers.
  • formulations and the use forms derived therefrom may also contain, as additional auxiliaries, adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic powdery, granular or latex-containing polymers such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholipids.
  • additional auxiliaries may be mineral and vegetable oils.
  • auxiliaries may be present in the formulations and in the use forms derived therefrom.
  • additives include, for example, fragrances, protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, retention promoters, stabilizers, sequestrants, chelants, humectants, spreading agents.
  • the compounds of formula (1) may be combined with any solid or liquid additive which may be used Formulation is usually used combined.
  • retention promoters are all those substances which reduce the dynamic surface tension such as dioctylsulfosuccinate or increase the visco-elasticity such as hydroxypropyl guar polymers.
  • Penetration promoters are defined in this context by the fact that they can penetrate from the (usually watery) application broth and / or from the spray coating into the cuticle of the plant and thereby increase the mobility of the active ingredients in the cuticle.
  • the method described in the literature can be used to determine this property.
  • Examples include alcohol alkoxylates such as coconut oil ethoxylate (10) or isotridecyl ethoxylate (12), fatty acid esters such as rapeseed oil or soybean oil, Fettaminalkoxylate such as tallowamine ethoxylate (15) or ammonium and / or phosphonium salts such as ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate.
  • alcohol alkoxylates such as coconut oil ethoxylate (10) or isotridecyl ethoxylate (12)
  • fatty acid esters such as rapeseed oil or soybean oil
  • Fettaminalkoxylate such as tallowamine ethoxylate (15) or ammonium and / or phosphonium salts such as ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate.
  • the formulations preferably contain between 0.00000001 and 98 wt .-% of the compound of formula (I), more preferably between 0.01 and 95 wt .-% of the compound of formula (I), most preferably between 0.5 and 90% by weight of the compound of formula (I), based on the weight of the formulation.
  • the content of the compound of the formula (I) in the forms of application prepared from the formulations (in particular pesticides) can vary within wide ranges.
  • the concentration of the compound of the formula (I) in the use forms may usually be between 0.00000001 and 95% by weight of the compound of the formula (I), preferably between 0.00001 and 1% by weight, based on the weight of the application form , lie.
  • the application is done in a custom forms adapted to the application forms.
  • the compounds of formula (I) may also be used in admixture with one or more suitable fungicides, bactericides, acaricides, molluscicides, nematicides, insecticides, microbiologicals, beneficials, herbicides, fertilizers, avian repellents, phytotonics, sterilants, safeners, semiochemicals and / or plant growth regulators be so z.
  • B. to broaden the spectrum of action, to extend the duration of action, to increase the rate of action, to prevent repellence or to prevent development of resistance.
  • such drug combinations, plant growth and / or tolerance to abiotic factors such. As high or low temperatures, improve against dryness or increased water or Bodensalzgehalt.
  • flowering and fruiting behavior can be improved, germination and rooting can be improved, harvest can be improved and yields increased, maturity can be increased, quality and / or nutritional value of encearies increased, shelf life extended and / or machinability improved.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) may be present in admixture with other active substances or semiochemicals such as attractants and / or avian repellents and / or plant activators and / or growth regulators and / or fertilizers.
  • other active substances or semiochemicals such as attractants and / or avian repellents and / or plant activators and / or growth regulators and / or fertilizers.
  • the compounds of Formula (I) for improving the plant properties such as growth, yield and quality of Emtegutes be used.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are present in formulations or in the formulations prepared from these formulations in admixture with other compounds, preferably those as described below.
  • Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors preferably carbamates selected from alanycarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxime, butoxycarboxime, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, Pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC and xylylcarb, or organophosphates selected from acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cadusafos, chloroethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chloroforms, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cous
  • GABA-controlled chloride channel B loosely, preferably cyclodiene organochlorines selected from chlordane and endosulfan, or phenylpyrazoles (fiproles) selected from ethiprole and fipronil.
  • nAChR nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
  • neonicotinoids selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam, or nicotine
  • sufoximines selected from sulfoxaflor, or butenolides selected from flupyradifurone.
  • Allosteric modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor preferably spinosyns selected from spinetoram and spinosad.
  • allosteric modulators of the glutamate-dependent chloride channel preferably avermectins / milbemycins selected from abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin.
  • Juvenile hormone mimetics preferably juvenile hormone analogs selected from hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene, or fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen.
  • Various non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors preferably alkyl halides selected from methyl bromide and other alkyl halides, or chloropicrin or sulfuryl fluoride or borax or tartaric or methyl isocyanate producers selected from Diazomet and Metam.
  • TRPV channel modulators of chordotonic organs selected from pymetrozine and pyrifluquinazone.
  • mite growth inhibitors selected from clofentezine, hexythiazox, diflovidazine and etoxazole.
  • Insect intestinal membrane microbial disruptors selected from Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis, and Bt plant proteins selected from CrylAb, CrylAc, CrylFa, CrylA.l05, Cry2Ab, VIP3A , mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb and Cry34Abl / 35Abl.
  • inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase preferably ATP disruptors selected from diafenthiuron, or organotin compounds selected from azocyclotine, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide, or propargite or tetradifone.
  • Blocker of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel selected from Bensultap, Cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam and thiosultap sodium.
  • Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis type 0, selected from bistrifluron, chlorofluorazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, t eflubenzuron and triflumuron.
  • Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis type 1 selected from Bupro fezin.
  • Skinning disruptor especially in dipterans, i.e., two-winged selected from cyromazine.
  • ecdysone receptor agonists selected from chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide.
  • Octopamine receptor agonists selected from Amitraz.
  • Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors selected from hydramethylnone, acequinocyl and fluacrypyrim.
  • Mitochondrial Complex I Electron Transport Inhibitors preferably METI acaricides selected from Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximate, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben, Tebufenpyrad and Tolfenpyrad, or rotenone (Derris).
  • Inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase preferably tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives selected from spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat.
  • Inhibitors of mitochondrial complex IV electron transport preferably phosphines selected from aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide, or cyanides selected from calcium cyanide, potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide.
  • inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II electron transport preferably beta-ketone nitrile derivatives selected from cyenopyrafen and Cyflumetofen, or carboxanilides selected from Pyflubumid.
  • ryanodine receptor modulators preferably diamides selected from chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide.
  • octane (CAS 1253850-56-4), (8-anti) -8- (2-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -3 - (6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl) -3-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane (CAS 933798-27-7), (8-syn) -8- (2-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -3- (6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl) -3-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane ( known from WO 2007040280 A1, WO 2007040282 A1) (CAS 934001-66-8), N- [3-chloro-1- (3-pyridinyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl] -N-ethyl-3- [ (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) thio] propanamide
  • All of the above-mentioned mixture partners of classes (1) to (15), if they are capable of doing so on the basis of their functional groups, may optionally form salts with suitable bases or acids.
  • All of the mentioned fungicidal mixture partners of classes (1) to (15) may optionally include tautomeric forms.
  • inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis for example, (1,001) cyproconazole, (1,002) difenoconazole, (1,003) epoxiconazole, (1,004) fenhexamide, (1,005) fenpropidin, (1,006) fenpropimorph, (1,007) fenpyrazamine, (1,008) fluquinconazole, ( 1,009) flutriafol, (1,010) imazalil, (1,011) imazalil sulfate, (1,012) lpconazole, (1,013) metconazole, (1,014) myclobutanil, (1,015) paclobutrazole, (1,016) prochlorazole, (1,017) propiconazole, (1,018) prothioconazole, (1.019) pyrisoxazole, (1.020) spiroxamine, (1.021) tebuconazole, (1.022) tetracon
  • 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) propan-2-ol (1.052) 2- [2-Chloro-4- (4-chlorophenoxy) phenyl] -1- (1H-1, 2,4-triazole-1 (yl) butan-2-ol, (1.053) 2- [4- (4-chlorophenoxy) -2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) butane 2-ol, (1.054) 2- [4- (4-chlorophenoxy) -2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) -pentan-2-ol,
  • inhibitors of the respiratory chain on complex I or II for example (2.001) benzovindiflupyr, (2.002) bixafen, (2.003) boscalid, (2.004) carboxin, (2.005) fluopyram, (2.006) flutolanil, (2.007) fluxapyroxad, (2.008) furametpyr , (2.009) isofetamide, (2.010) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1R, 4S, 9S), (2.011) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1S, 4R, 9R), (2.012) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate IRS, 4SR , 9SR), (2.013) isopyrazam (mixture of the syn-epimeric racemate lRS, 4SR, 9RS and the anti-epimeric racemate lRS, 4SR, 9SR), (2.014) isopyrazam (syn-epimeric enantiomer
  • inhibitors of the respiratory chain on complex III for example (3,001) ametoctradine, (3,002) amisulbrom, (3,003) azoxystrobin, (3,004) coumethoxystrobin, (3,005) coumoxystrobin, (3,006) cyazofamide, (3,007) dimoxystrobin, (3,008) enoxastrobin, (3,009) famoxadone, (3,010) fenamidone, (3,011) flufenoxystrobin, (3,012) fluoxastrobin, (3,013) kresoxime methyl, (3,014) metominostrobin, (3,015) orysastrobin, (3,016) picoxystrobin, (3,017) pyraclostrobin, (3,018) Pyrametostrobin, (3.019) Pyraoxystrobin, (3.020) Trifloxystrobin (3.021) (2E) -2- ⁇ 2 - [( ⁇ [(IE)
  • inhibitors of amino acid and / or protein biosynthesis for example, (7,001) cyprodinil, (7,002) kasugamycin, (7,003) kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, (7,004) oxytetracycline (7,005) pyrimethanil, (7,006) 3- (5-fluoro) 3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-l-yl) quinoline.
  • Inhibitors of ATP production for example, (8,001) silthiofam.
  • inhibitors of cell wall synthesis for example (9.001) benthiavalicarb, (9.002) dimethomorph, (9.003) flumorph, (9.004) iprovalicarb, (9.005) mandipropamide, (9.006) pyrimorph, (9.007) Valifenalate, (9.008) (2E) -3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1- (morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one , (9.009) (2Z) -3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1- (morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one.
  • Inhibitors of lipid and membrane synthesis for example (10,001) propamocarb, (10,002) propamocarb hydrochloride, (10,003) tolclofos-methyl.
  • Inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis for example (11.001) tricyclazole, (11.002) 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ⁇ 3-methyl-1 - [(4-methylbenzoyl) amino] butan-2-yl ⁇ carbamate.
  • inhibitors of signal transduction for example, (13.001) fludioxonil, (13.002) iprodione, (13.003) procymidone, (13.004) proquinazide, (13.005) quinoxyfen, (13.006) vinclozolin.
  • the compounds of formula (I) may be combined with biological pest control agents.
  • Biological pest control agents include, in particular, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, plant extracts and such products formed by microorganisms including proteins and secondary metabolites.
  • Biological pest control agents include bacteria such as spore-forming bacteria, root-colonizing bacteria and bacteria which act as biological insecticides, fungicides or nematicides.
  • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB42 (DSM 231179), or Bacillus cereus, in particular B. cereus strain CNCM 1-1562 or Bacillus firmus, strain 1-1582 (Accession number CNCM 1-1582) or Bacillus pumilus, especially strain GB34 (Accession no. ATCC 700814) and strain QST2808 (Accession No. NRRL B-30087), or Bacillus subtilis, especially strain GB03 (Accession No. ATCC SD-1397), or Bacillus subtilis strain QST713 (Accession No.
  • NRRL B-21661 Bacillus subtilis strain OST 30002 (Accession No NRRL B-50421), Bacillus thuringiensis, in particular B. thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (serotype H-14), strain AM65-52 (Accession No. ATCC 1276), or B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, in particular strain ABTS-1857 (SD-1372), or B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain HD-1, or B. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis strain NB 176 (SD-5428), Pasteuria penetrans, Pasteuria spp.
  • fungi and yeasts which can be used as biological pesticides are:
  • Beauveria bassiana in particular strain ATCC 74040, coniothyrium minitans, in particular strain CON / M / 91-8 (Accession No. DSM-9660), Lecanicillium spp., In particular strain HRO LEC 12, Lecanicillium lecanii (formerly known as Verticillium lecanii), in particular Strain KV01, Metarhizium anisopliae, in particular strain F52 (DSM3884 / ATCC 90448), Metschnikowia fructicola, in particular strain NRRL Y-30752, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (hay: Isaria fumosorosea), in particular strain 1FPC 200613, or strain Apopka 97 (Accesion No.
  • Paecilomyces lilacinus in particular P. lilacinus strain 251 (AGAL 89/030550), Talaromyces flavus, in particular strain VI17b, Trichoderma atroviride, in particular strain SC1 (Accession Number CBS 122089), Trichoderma harzianum, in particular T.harzianum rifai T39. (Accession Number CNCM 1-952).
  • viruses that can be used or used as biological pest control agents are:
  • Adoxophyes orana Apple peel winder
  • Granulosis virus GV
  • Cydia pomonella codling moth
  • Granulosis virus GV
  • Helicoverpa armigera cotton bollworm
  • Nuclear polyhedrosis virus NPV
  • Spodoptera exigua mNPV
  • Spodoptera frugiperda armyworm
  • mNPV Spodoptera littoralis
  • bacteria and fungi which are added as 'inoculant' plants or parts of plants or plant organs and, by virtue of their particular properties, promote plant growth and plant health. Examples are:
  • Agrobacterium spp. Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azospirillum spp., Azotobacter spp., Bradyrhizobium spp., Burkholderia spp., In particular Burkholderia cepacia (formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia), Gigaspora spp., Or Gigaspora monosporum, Glomus spp., Laccaria spp.
  • plant extracts and those products formed by microorganisms, including proteins and secondary metabolites, which can be used as biological pesticides are:
  • the compounds of formula (1) may be combined with safeners such as Benoxacor, Cloquintocet (-mexyl), Cyometrinil, Cyprosulfamide, Dichlormid, Fenchlorazole (-ethyl), Fenclorim, Flurazole, Fluxofenim, Furilazole, Isoxadifen (-ethyl), Mefenpyr (-diethyl), naphthalene anhydride, oxabetrinil, 2-methoxy-N - ( ⁇ 4 - [(methylcarbamoyl) amino] phenyl ⁇ sulfonyl) benzamide (CAS 129531-12-0), 4- (dichloroacetyl) -l-oxa 4-azaspiro [4.5] decane (CAS 71526-07-3), 2,2,5-trimethyl-3- (dichloroacetyl) -1,3-oxazolidine (CAS 52836-31-4).
  • safeners such as
  • plants and parts of plants can be treated.
  • Plants are understood to mean all plants and plant populations, such as desirable and unwanted wild plants or crops (including naturally occurring crops), for example cereals (wheat, rice, triticale, barley, rye, oats), corn, soybeans, potatoes, sugar beets, sugarcane, tomatoes , Paprika, cucumber, melon, carrot, watermelon, onion, lettuce, spinach, leek, beans, Brassica oleracea (eg cabbage) and other vegetables, cotton, tobacco, rapeseed, as well as fruit plants (with the fruits apples, pears, Citrus fruits and grapes).
  • Crop plants can be plants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimization methods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods or combinations of these methods, including the transgenic plants and including the plant varieties which can or can not be protected by plant breeders' rights.
  • Plants are to be understood as meaning all stages of development, such as seeds, cuttings, young (unripe) plants and mature plants.
  • Under plant parts are all aboveground and underground parts and Organs of plants such as shoot, leaf, flower and root are understood, with examples of leaves, needles, stems, stems, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits and seeds and roots, tubers and rhizomes are listed.
  • the plant parts also include harvested plants or harvested plant parts as well as vegetative and generative propagation material, for example cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, offshoots and seeds.
  • the treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant parts with the compounds of the formula (I) is carried out directly or by the action of the compounds on the environment, the habitat or the storage space according to the usual treatment methods, eg. B. by immersion, spraying, evaporation, nebulization, scattering, brushing, injecting and propagating material, especially in seeds, further by single or multi-layer wrapping.
  • plants and their parts can be treated.
  • wild-type or plant species and plant varieties obtained by conventional biological breeding methods such as crossing or protoplast fusion and parts thereof are treated.
  • transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering, if appropriate in combination with conventional methods (Genetically Modified Organisms), and parts thereof are treated.
  • the term "parts” or “parts of plants” or “plant parts” has been explained above. It is particularly preferred according to the invention to treat plants of the respective commercially available or in use plant cultivars.
  • Plant varieties are understood as meaning plants having new traits which have been obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. These may be varieties, breeds, biotypes and genotypes.
  • the preferred plants or plant varieties to be treated according to the invention to be treated include all plants which, as a result of the genetic engineering modification, obtained genetic material which gives these plants particularly advantageous valuable properties ("traits").
  • traits are better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or soil salinity, increased flowering, easier harvest, acceleration of ripeness, higher crop yields, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the encearies , higher shelf life and / or machinability of Emte exig.
  • Further and particularly emphasized examples of such properties are an increased resistance of the plants against animal and microbial pests, such as insects, arachnids, nematodes, mites, snails, causes z.
  • toxins produced in the plants in particular those produced by the genetic material from Bacillus Thuringiensis (for example, by the genes CrylA (a), CrylA (b), CrylA (c), CryllA, CrylllA, CryIIIB2, Cry9c Cry2Ab, Cry3Bb and CrylF and combinations thereof) are also produced in the plants, and an increased defensive ability the plants against phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and / or viruses, z.
  • systemically acquired resistance SAR
  • systemin phytoalexins
  • elicitors elicitors
  • resistance genes and correspondingly expressed proteins and toxins as well as an increased tolerance of the plants to certain herbicidal active compounds, for example imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, glyphosate or phosphinotricin (eg "PAT "-Gene).
  • herbicidal active compounds for example imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, glyphosate or phosphinotricin (eg "PAT "-Gene).
  • PAT phosphinotricin
  • the genes which confer the desired properties can also be present in combinations with one another in the transgenic plants.
  • transgenic plants are the important crops such as cereals (wheat, rice, triticale, barley, rye, oats), corn, soy, potato, sugar beets, sugarcane, tomatoes, peas and other vegetables, cotton, tobacco, oilseed rape, and fruit plants (with the fruits apples, pears, citrus fruits and grapes), with emphasis on corn, soy, wheat, rice, potato, cotton, sugar cane, tobacco and oilseed rape. Traits that are particularly emphasized are the increased resistance of the plants to insects, arachnids, nematodes and snails.
  • the treatment of the plants and plant parts with the compounds of formula (I) is carried out directly or by acting on their environment, habitat or storage space according to the usual treatment methods, eg. B. by dipping, spraying, spraying, sprinkling, vaporizing, atomizing, atomizing, scattering, foaming, brushing, spreading, injecting, pouring (drenchen), drip irrigation and propagating material, especially in seeds, further by dry pickling, wet pickling, slurry pickling, encrusting It is also possible to apply the compounds of the formula (I) by the ultra-low-volume method or to inject the application form or the compound of the formula (I) itself into the soil.
  • a preferred direct treatment of the plants is foliar application, i. H. the compounds of the formula (I) are applied to the foliage, wherein the treatment frequency and the application rate should be matched to the infestation pressure of the respective pest.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) also enter the plants via the root system.
  • the treatment of the plants is then carried out by the action of the compounds of formula (I) on the habitat of the plant.
  • This may be, for example, by drenching, mixing into the soil or the nutrient solution, ie the location of the plant (eg soil or hydroponic systems) is impregnated with a liquid form of the compounds of formula (I), or by soil application, ie the compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention are introduced in solid form (eg in the form of a granulate) into the location of the plants, or by drip application ("drip", often also referred to as "Chemigation"), ie the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention by means of surfaces or subterranean drip irrigation tubes are introduced over specific periods along with varying amounts of water at defined locations near the plants. In water rice crops this may also be by metered addition of the compound of formula (I) in a solid form (eg as
  • the present invention therefore more particularly relates to a method of protecting seed and germinating plants from attack by pests by treating the seed with one of the compounds of formula (1).
  • the method according to the invention for the protection of seeds and germinating plants from infestation by pests further comprises a method in which the seed is treated simultaneously in one operation or sequentially with a compound of formula (1) and a mixture component. It also further comprises a process in which the seed is treated at different times with a compound of formula (1) and a mixture component.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the compounds of formula (1) for the treatment of seed for the protection of the seed and the resulting plant from animal pests.
  • the invention relates to seed which has been treated for protection against animal pests with a compound of the formula (1) according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates seed treated at the same time with a compound of formula (I) and a mixture component.
  • the invention further relates to seed which has been treated at different times with a compound of formula (I) and a mixture component.
  • the individual substances may be present in different layers on the seed.
  • the layers which comprise a compound of the formula (I) and mixture components may optionally be separated by an intermediate layer.
  • the invention also relates to seed in which a compound of the formula (I) and a mixture component are applied as part of a coating or as a further layer or further layers in addition to a coating.
  • the invention relates to seed which, after treatment with a compound of the formula (I), is subjected to a film coating process in order to avoid dust abrasion on the seed.
  • Another advantage is the fact that by treating the seed with a compound of formula (I) germination and emergence of the treated seed can be promoted.
  • Compounds of formula (I) may also be used in combination with signal technology agents whereby better colonization with symbionts such as rhizobia, mycorrhiza and / or endophytic bacteria or fungi takes place and / or optimized nitrogen fixation occurs.
  • symbionts such as rhizobia, mycorrhiza and / or endophytic bacteria or fungi takes place and / or optimized nitrogen fixation occurs.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are suitable for the protection of seed of any plant variety used in agriculture, in the greenhouse, in forests or in horticulture.
  • these are seeds of cereals (eg wheat, barley, rye, millet and oats), corn, cotton, soy, rice, potatoes, sunflower, coffee, tobacco, canola, rape, turnip (eg Sugar beet and fodder beet), peanut, vegetables (eg tomato, cucumber, bean, cabbage, onions and lettuce), fruit plants, turf and ornamental plants.
  • cereals eg wheat, barley, rye and oats
  • corn, soybean, cotton, canola, oilseed rape, vegetables and rice are examples of seeds of cereals (eg wheat, barley, rye and oats), corn, soybean, cotton, canola, oilseed rape, vegetables and rice.
  • transgenic seed with a compound of the formula (I) is also of particular importance.
  • the heterologous genes in transgenic seed can come from microorganisms such as Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, Glomus or Gliocladium.
  • the present invention is particularly useful for the treatment of transgenic seed containing at least one heterologous gene derived from Bacillus sp. comes. Most preferably, this is a heterologous gene derived from Bacillus thuringiensis.
  • the compound of the formula (I) is applied to the seed.
  • the seed is treated in a state where it is so stable that no damage occurs during the treatment.
  • the treatment of the seed can be done at any time between harvesting and sowing.
  • seed is used which has been separated from the plant and freed from flasks, shells, stems, hulls, wool or pulp.
  • seed may be used that has been harvested, cleaned and dried to a moisture content that is storable.
  • seed can be used, which after drying z. B. was treated with water and then dried again, for example, priming.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are generally applied to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation.
  • suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) can be converted into the customary seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other seed coating compositions, and also ULV formulations.
  • formulations are prepared in a known manner by mixing the compounds of formula (I) with conventional additives, such as conventional extenders and solution or Diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
  • conventional additives such as conventional extenders and solution or Diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
  • Dyes which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all dyes customary for such purposes. Both water-insoluble pigments and water-soluble dyes are useful in this case. Examples which may be mentioned under the names rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Solvent Red 1 known dyes.
  • Suitable wetting agents which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all wetting-promoting substances customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds.
  • Preferably used are alkylnaphthalenesulfonates such as diisopropyl or diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonates.
  • Suitable dispersants and / or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Preference is given to using nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants.
  • Particularly suitable nonionic dispersants are, in particular, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tri-stryrylphenol polyglycol ethers and their phosphated or sulfated derivatives.
  • Suitable anionic dispersants are, in particular, lignosulfonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulfonate-ammonium formate dusts.
  • Defoamers which may be present in the seed-dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all foam-inhibiting substances customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds.
  • Preferably usable are silicone defoamers and magnesium stearate.
  • Preservatives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all substances which can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. Examples include dichlorophen and Benzylalkoholhemiformal.
  • Suitable secondary thickeners which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all substances which can be placed in agrochemical compositions for such purposes. Preference is given to cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and finely divided silica.
  • Suitable adhesives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all customary binders which can be used in pickling agents. Preferably mentioned are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and Tylose.
  • the gibberellins are known (see R. Wegler "Chemie der convinced- und Swdlingsbekungsstoff", Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, pp. 401-412).
  • the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be used either directly or after prior dilution with water for the treatment of seed of various kinds.
  • the concentrates or the preparations obtainable therefrom by dilution with water can be used for dressing the seeds of cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats and triticale, as well as the seeds of maize, rice, oilseed rape, peas, beans, cotton, Sunflowers, soy and beets or vegetable seeds of various nature.
  • the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or their dilute application forms can also be used for pickling seeds of transgenic plants.
  • the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or the use forms prepared therefrom by the addition of water
  • all mixing devices which can usually be used for the dressing can be considered.
  • the seed is placed in a batch or continuous mixer, adding either desired amount of seed dressing formulations, either as such or after prior dilution with water, and until the formulation is evenly distributed mix the seed.
  • a drying process follows.
  • the application rate of the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be varied within a relatively wide range. It depends on the particular content of the compounds of the formula (I) in the formulations and on the seed.
  • the application rates for the compound of the formula (I) are generally between 0.001 and 50 g per kilogram of seed, preferably between 0.01 and 15 g per kilogram of seed.
  • the compounds of formula (I) are active against animal parasites, in particular ectoparasites or endoparasites.
  • the term endoparasite includes in particular helminths and protozoa such as coccidia.
  • Ectoparasites are typically and preferably arthropods, especially insects or acarids.
  • the compounds of formula (I) which have favorable toxicity to warm-blooded animals, are useful in the control of parasites found in livestock and livestock in livestock, breeding animals, zoo animals, laboratory animals, experimental animals and domestic animals. They are effective against all or individual stages of parasite development.
  • Farm animals include, for example, mammals such as sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, camels, buffaloes, rabbits, reindeer, fallow deer, and especially cattle and pigs; or poultry such as turkeys, ducks, geese and, in particular, chickens; or fish or shellfish, e.g. As in aquaculture, or optionally insects such as bees.
  • the domestic animals include, for example, mammals such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, mice, chinchillas, ferrets, and especially dogs, cats, caged birds; Reptiles, amphibians or aquarium fish.
  • the compounds of formula (I) are administered to mammals.
  • the compounds of formula (I) are administered to birds, namely caged birds or, in particular, poultry.
  • controlling means that the compounds of formula (I) effectively affect the appearance of the respective parasite in an animal infected with such parasites to a harmless extent , is reduced. More specifically, “combating” in the present context means that the compounds of formula (I) kill the respective parasite, prevent its growth or prevent its replication.
  • the arthropods include, but are not limited to, the order Anoplurida, for example Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Phtirus spp., Solenopotes spp .; from the order Mallophagida and the suborders Amblycerina and Ischnocerina, for example Bovicola spp., Damalina spp., Felicola spp .; Lepikentron spp., Menopon spp., Trichodectes spp., Trimenopon spp., Trinoton spp., Wemeckiella spp; from the order Diptera and the suborders Nematocerina and Brachycerina, for example Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Atylotus spp., Braula spp., Calliphora spp., Chrysom
  • Melophagus spp. Melophagus spp., Morellia spp., Musca spp., Odagmia spp., Oestrus spp., Philipomyia spp., Phlebotomus spp., Rhinoestrus spp., Sarcophaga spp., Simulium spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tipula spp., Wilhelmia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp .; from the order Siphonaptrida, for example Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Pulex spp., Tunga spp., Xenopsylla spp .; from the order Heteropterida, for example Cimex spp., Panstrongylus spp., Rhodnius spp., Triatoma spp .; as well as pests
  • Metastigmata From the subclass Akari (Acarina) and the order Metastigmata, for example from the family Argasidae, such as Argas spp., Omithodorus spp., Otobius spp., From the family Ixodidae, such as Amblyomma spp., Dermacentor spp., Haemaphysalis spp. Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp., Rhipicephalus spp.
  • Argasidae such as Argas spp., Omithodorus spp., Otobius spp.
  • Ixodidae such as Amblyomma spp., Dermacentor spp., Haemaphysalis spp. Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Rhipicephalus (
  • parasitic protozoa examples include, but are not limited to:
  • Mastigophora (Flagellata), like:
  • Metamonada from the order Vaccinia spp., Spironucleus spp.
  • Trichomonadida for example Histomonas spp., Pentatrichomonas spp., Tetratrichomonas spp., Trichomonas spp., Tritrichomonas spp.
  • Euglenozoa from the order Trypanosomatida for example Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp. Sarcomastigophora (Rhizopoda), such as Entamoebidae, for example Entamoeba spp., Centramoebidae, for example Acanthamoeba sp., Euamoebidae, e.g. Hartmanella sp.
  • Alveolata such as Apicomplexa (Sporozoa): z. Cryptosporidium spp .; from the order Eimeriida for example Besnoitia spp., Cystoisospora spp., Eimeria spp., Hammondia spp., Isospora spp., Neospora spp., Sarcocystis spp., Toxoplasma spp .; from the order Adeleida z. B. Hepatozoon spp., Klossiella spp .; from the order Haemosporida z. B.
  • Leucocytozoon spp. Plasmodium spp .; from the order Piroplasmida z. Babesia spp., Ciliophora spp., Echinozoon spp., Theileria spp .; from the order Vesibuliferida z. Balantidium spp., Buxtonella spp.
  • Microspora such as Encephalitozoon spp., Enterocytozoon spp., Globidium spp., Nosema spp., And also e.g. B. Myxozoa spp.
  • Acute helixes pathogenic to humans or animals include, for example, Acanthocephala, nematodes, pentastoma, and platyhelminthes (e.g., Monogenea, Cestodes, and Trematodes).
  • Exemplary helminths include, but are not limited to:
  • Monogenea z.
  • Dactylogyrus spp. Gyrodactylus spp., Microbothrium spp., Polystoma spp., Troglecephalus spp .;
  • Cestodes from the order Pseudophyllidea for example: Bothridium spp., Diphyllobothrium spp., Diplogonoporus spp. Ichthyobothrium spp., Ligula spp., Schistocephalus spp., Spirometra spp.
  • Echinolepis spp. Hydatigera spp., Hymenolepis spp., Joyeuxiella spp., Mesocestoides spp., Moniezia spp., Paranoplocephala spp., Raillietina spp., Stilesia spp., Taenia spp., Thysaniezia spp., Thysanosoma spp.
  • Trematodes from the genus Digenea for example: Austrobilharzia spp., Brachylaima spp., Calicophoron spp., Catatropis spp., Clonorchis spp.
  • Collyricum spp. Cotylophoron spp., Cyclocoelum spp., Dicrocoelium spp., Diplostomum spp., Echinochasmus spp., Echinoparyphium spp., Echinostoma spp., Eurytrema spp., Fasciola spp., Fasciolides spp., Fasciolopsis spp., Fischoederius spp , Gastrothylacus spp., Gigantobilharzia spp., Gigantocotyle spp., Heterophyes spp., Hypoderaeum spp., Leucochloridium spp., Metagonimus spp., Metorchis spp., Nanophyetus spp., Notocotylus spp., Opisthorchis spp., Om
  • Aelurostrongylus spp. Amidostomum spp., Ancylostoma spp., Angiostrongylus spp., Bronchonema spp., Bunostomum spp., Chabertia spp., Cooperia spp., Cooperioides spp., Crenosoma spp., Cyathostomum spp.
  • Cyclococercus spp. Cyclodontostomum spp., Cylicocyclus spp., Cylicostephanus spp., Cylindropharynx spp., Cystocaulus spp., Dictyocaulus spp., Elaphostrongylus spp., Filaroides spp., Globocephalus spp., Graphidium spp., Gyalocephalus spp., Haemonchus spp., Heligmosomoides spp., Hyostrongylus spp., Marshallagia spp., Metastrongylus spp., Muellerius spp., Necator spp., Nematodirus spp., Neostrongylus spp., Nippostrongylus spp., Obeliscoides spp., Oesophagodontus spp., Oesoot
  • Ollulanus spp . Ollulanus spp .; Omithostrongylus spp., Oslerus spp., Ostertagia spp., Paracooperia spp., Paracrenosoma spp., Parafilaroides spp., Parelaphostrongylus spp., Pneumocaulus spp., Pneumostrongylus spp., Poteriostomum spp., Protostrongylus spp., Spicocaulus spp., Stephanurus spp , Strongylus spp., Syngamus spp., Teladorsagia spp., Trichonema spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Triodontophorus spp., Troglostrongylus spp., Uncinaria spp.
  • Acanthocephala from the order Oligacanthorhynchida, for example: Macracanthorhynchus spp., Prosthenorchis spp .; from the order Moniliformida for example: Moniliformis spp.,
  • Pentastoma from the order Porocephalida for example Linguatula spp.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are administered by methods well known in the art, such as enteral, parenteral, dermal or nasal in the form of suitable preparations. Administration may be prophylactic; metaphylactically or therapeutically.
  • one embodiment of the present invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as pharmaceuticals.
  • Another aspect relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as antiendoparasitic.
  • Another specific aspect of the invention relates to the compounds of the formula (I) for use as antihelminthic agents, in particular for use as nematicide, platelet minthicide, acanthocephalicide or pentastomicide.
  • Another specific aspect of the invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as antiprotozoic.
  • Another aspect relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as anti-topazarasitic, in particular an arthropodicide, more particularly an insecticide or an acaricide.
  • veterinary formulations comprising an effective amount of at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (eg, solid or liquid diluents), a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant (eg, surfactants), especially one Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients conventionally used in veterinary formulations and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant conventionally used in veterinary formulations.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient eg, solid or liquid diluents
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant eg, surfactants
  • a related aspect of the invention is a method of making a veterinary formulation as described herein which comprises the step of mixing at least one compound of formula (I) with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and / or adjuvants, especially pharmaceutically acceptable excipients conventionally used in veterinary formulations; or conventionally used in veterinary formulations.
  • veterinary formulations selected from the group of ectoparasiticidal and endoparasiticidal formulations, in particular selected from the group of anthelmintic, antiprotozoic and arthropodicidal formulations, more particularly selected from the group of nematicidal, platyhelminthicidal, acanthocephalicidal, pentastomicidal, insecticidal and acaricidal formulations the aspects mentioned, as well as methods for their preparation.
  • Another aspect relates to a method for treating a parasitic infection, in particular infection by a parasite selected from the group of the ectoparasites and endoparasites mentioned here, by applying an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I) to an animal, in particular a non-human Animal that needs it.
  • Another aspect relates to a method for treating a parasitic infection, in particular infection by a parasite selected from the group of the ectoparasites and endoparasites mentioned here, by applying a veterinary formulation as defined herein to an animal, in particular a non-human animal, the same requirement.
  • Another aspect relates to the use of the compounds of the formula (I) in the treatment of a parasitic infection, in particular an infection by a parasite selected from the group of the ectoparasites and endoparasites mentioned here, in an animal, in particular a non-human animal.
  • treatment includes prophylactic, metaphylactic and therapeutic treatment.
  • mixtures of at least one compound of formula (I) with other active ingredients, especially endo and ectoparasiticides, are provided herein for the veterinary field.
  • blending not only means that two (or more) different active ingredients are formulated in a single formulation and used together, but also refers to products comprising separate formulations for each active ingredient. Accordingly, if more than two drugs are to be used, all drugs can be formulated in a single formulation or all drugs can be formulated in separate formulations; Also conceivable are mixed forms in which some of the active ingredients are formulated together and some of the active ingredients are formulated separately. Separate formulations allow the separate or sequential use of the active substances in question.
  • Exemplary agents from the group of ectoparasiticides as compounding partners include, but are not limited to, the insecticides and accicides detailed above.
  • Other useful agents are listed below according to the above-mentioned classification, which is incorporated herein by reference current IRAC Mode of Action Classification Scheme listed: (1) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors; (2) GABA-controlled chloride channel blockers; (3) sodium channel modulators; (4) competitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) modulators; (5) allosteric modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR); (6) allosteric modulators of the glutamate-dependent chloride channel (GluCl); (7) juvenile hormone mimetics; (8) various non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors; (9) modulators of chordotonic organs; (10) mite growth inhibitors; (12) inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, such as ATP disruptor
  • Active substances with unknown or non-specific mechanisms of action eg. Fentrifanil, fenoxacrim, cycloprene, chlorobenzilate, chlordimeform, flubenzimine, dicyclanil, amidoflumet, quinomethionate, triarathene, clothiazoben, tetrasul, potassium oleate, petroleum, metoxadiazone, gossyplur, flotenzin, bromopropylate, cryolite;
  • Organochlorine compounds e.g. B. Camphechlor, Lindane, Heptachlor; or phenylpyrazoles, e.g. Acetoprol, pyrafluprol, pyriprole, vaniliprole, sisapronil; or isoxazolines, e.g. Sarolaner, Afoxolaner, Lotilaner, Fluralaner;
  • Pyrethroids e.g. G. (Cis, trans) metofluthrin, profuthrin, flufenprox, flubrocythrinate, fubfenprox, fenfluthrin, protrifenbut, pyresmethrin, RU15525, terallethrin, cis-resmethrin, heptafluthrin, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, fenpyrithrin, cis-cypermethrin, cis-permethrin, clocythrin , Cyhalothrin (lambda), chlovaporthrin, or halogenated hydrocarbon compounds (HCHs),
  • Neonicotinoids e.g. B. Nithiazine Dicloromezotiaz, triflumezopyrim macrocyclic lactones, e.g. Nemadectin, ivermectin, latidectin, moxidectin, selamectin, eprinomectin, doramectin, emamectin benzoate; milbemycin
  • Triphene Epofenonan, Diofenolan; Biologicals, hormones or pheromones, for example natural products, e.g. Thuringiensin, codlemon or neem components
  • Dinitrophenols e.g. Dinocap, dinobuton, binapacryl
  • Benzoylureas e.g. Fluazuron, penfluron,
  • Amidine derivatives e.g. Chormorman, cymiazole, demiditraz hive varroacic acaricides, for example organic acids, e.g. Formic acid, oxalic acid.
  • Exemplary drugs from the group of endoparasiticides, as a mating agent include, but are not limited to, antimalarials and antiprotozoal agents.
  • the anthelmintic agents include, but are not limited to, the following nematicidal, tremesticidal and / or cestotic agents: from the class of macrocyclic lactones, for example: eprinomectin, abamectin, nemadectin, moxidectin, doramectin, selamectin, lepimectin, latidectin, milbemectin, Ivermectin, emamectin, milbemycin; from the class of benzimidazoles and sample zimidazoles, for example: oxibendazole, mebendazole, triclabendazole, thiophanate, parbendazole, oxfendazole, netobimine, fenbendazole, febantel, thiabendazole, cyclobendazole, cambendazole, albendazole sulfoxide, albendazole, flu
  • Antiprotozoal agents including, but not limited to, the following: from the class of triazines, for example: diclazuril, ponazuril, letrazuril, toltrazuril; from the class polyl ether ionophore for example: monensin, salinomycin, maduramicin, narasin; from the class of macrocyclic lactones, for example: milbemycin, erythromycin; from the class of quinolones for example: enrofloxacin, pradofloxacin; from the class of quinines for example: chloroquine; from the class of pyrimidines for example: pyrimethamine; from the class of sulfonamides for example: sulfachinoxalin, trimethoprim, sulfaclozin; from the class of thiamine for example: amprolium; from the class of lincosamides for example: clindamycin; from the class of carbanilides,
  • all said mixing partners can optionally form salts with suitable bases or acids.
  • a vector in the context of the present invention is an arthropod, in particular an insect or arachnid, which is able to attack pathogens such.
  • pathogens such as viruses, worms, protozoa and bacteria from a reservoir (plant, animal, human, etc.) to a host to transfer.
  • the pathogens can be transferred to a host either mechanically (eg, trachoma by non-stinging flies) on a host, or after injection (eg, malaria parasites by mosquitoes).
  • vectors and their transmitted diseases or pathogens are:
  • Anopheles malaria, filariasis; - Culex: Japanese encephalitis, filariasis, other viral diseases, transmission of others
  • flies sleeping sickness (trypanosomiasis); Cholera, other bacterial diseases; 5) mites: acariosis, epidemic typhus, rickettsipox, tularemia, Saint-Louis encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), Crimean Congo fever, borreliosis;
  • Ticks Borellioses such as Borrelia bungdorferi sensu lato., Borrelia duttoni, tick-borne encephalitis, Q fever (Coxiella bumetii), Babesia (Babesia canis canis), ehrlichiosis.
  • vectors for the purposes of the present invention are insects, for example aphids, flies, cicadas or thrips, which can transmit plant viruses to plants.
  • Other vectors that can transmit plant viruses are spider mites, lice, beetles and nematodes.
  • vectors for the purposes of the present invention are insects and arachnids such as mosquitoes, in particular of the genera Aedes, Anopheles, z. A. gambiae, A. arabiensis, A. funestus, A. dirus (malaria) and Culex, psychodides such as phlebotomus, lutzomyia, lice, fleas, flies, mites and ticks that can transmit pathogens to animals and / or humans.
  • insects and arachnids such as mosquitoes, in particular of the genera Aedes, Anopheles, z. A. gambiae, A. arabiensis, A. funestus, A. dirus (malaria) and Culex, psychodides such as phlebotomus, lutzomyia, lice, fleas, flies, mites and ticks that can transmit pathogens to animals and / or humans.
  • Compounds of formula (I) are suitable for use in the prevention of diseases and / or pathogens transmitted by vectors.
  • another aspect of the present invention is the use of compounds of formula (I) for vector control, e.g. As in agriculture, horticulture, forests, gardens and recreational facilities and in the supply and protection of materials.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are suitable for the protection of industrial materials against attack or destruction by insects, eg. B. from the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera and Zygentoma.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are used together with at least one further insecticide and / or at least one fungicide.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are present as ready-to-use pesticides, ie they can be applied to the pesticide without further changes appropriate material can be applied.
  • suitable material can be applied.
  • insecticides or fungicides in particular those mentioned above come into question.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) can be used to protect against the growth of objects, in particular hulls, sieves, nets, structures, quays and signal systems, which come into contact with seawater or brackish water.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) can be used alone or in combination with other active substances as antifouling agents.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) are suitable for controlling animal pests in the hygiene sector.
  • the invention can be used in household, hygiene and storage protection, especially for controlling insects, arachnids, ticks and mites occurring in confined spaces, such as homes, factories, offices, vehicle cabins, animal husbandry.
  • the compounds of formula (I) are used alone or in combination with other active ingredients and / or excipients.
  • they are used in household insecticide products.
  • the compounds of formula (I) are active against sensitive and resistant species and against all stages of development.
  • pests of the class Arachnida from the orders Scorpiones, Araneae and Opiliones, from the classes Chilopoda and Diplopoda, from the class Insecta the order Blattodea, from the orders Coleoptera, Dermaptera, Diptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Phthiraptera, Psocoptera, Saltatoria or Orthoptera, Siphonaptera and Zygentoma and from the class Malacostraca the order Isopoda.
  • the application is carried out for example in aerosols, non-pressurized sprays, z.
  • the analyzes of the analytical determinations described below refer to all information in the entire document, unless the execution of the respective analytical determination at the respective text is described separately.
  • the measurements of the H-NMR spectra were performed with a Broker Avance III 400 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 1.7 mm TCI probe, with tetramethylsilane as standard (0.00 ppm) of solutions in the solvents CD3CN, CDCL or d ö -DMSO.
  • a broker Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm CPNMP probe head or a broker Avance NEO 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm TCI probe head was used for the measurements.
  • the measurements were carried out at a probe head temperature of 298 K. If other measurement temperatures have been used, this will be noted separately.
  • the H-NMR data of selected examples are presented in terms of ⁇ -NMR peaks. For each signal peak, first the d-value in ppm and then the signal intensity in round brackets are listed. The d-value signal intensity number pairs of different signal peaks are listed separated by semicolons.
  • the peak list of an example therefore has the form: di (intensity ! 1 ; 6 2 (intensity 2 );.; D; (intensity, ';;; d h (intensity n )
  • the intensity of sharp signals correlates with the height of the signals in a printed representation of a
  • H NMR spckrums in cm shows the true ratios of signal intensities. For broad signals, several peaks or the center of the signal and their relative intensity can be shown compared to the most intense signal in the spectrum.
  • Tetramethylsilane is used to calibrate the chemical shift of H-NMR spectra or the chemical shift of the solvent if the sample does not contain tetramethylsilane. Therefore, the ⁇ -NMR peaks may contain the tetramethylsilane peak.
  • H-NMR Pcaks are equivalent to the classical H-NMR representations and thus usually contain all the peaks that are listed in a classical H-NMR-Intcrprctation.
  • they can, like classical H-NMR imaging, display solvent signals, signals from stereoisomers of the compounds according to the invention, which are optionally the subject of the invention, and / or peaks of impurities.
  • NMR solvent signals, the tetramethylsilane peak, and the water signal in each solvent are excluded from the relative intensity calibration because the intensity values reported for it can be very high.
  • the peaks of (stereo) isomers of the compounds according to the invention and / or peaks of impurities usually have on average a lower intensity than the peaks of the compounds according to the invention (for example with a purity of> 90%).
  • Such stereoisomers and / or impurities may be typical of the particular preparation process. Their peaks can thus help to detect the reproduction of a manufacturing process by "by-product fingerprints.”
  • An expert who calculates the peaks of the compounds according to the invention using known methods can, as needed, identify the peaks of the compounds according to the invention, optionally using additional intensity filters. This identification is equivalent to the respective peak listing in classical 1H-NMR interpretation.
  • the used solvent can be read out of the JCAMP file with the parameter "solvent”, the measuring frequency of the spectrometer with "observe frequency” and the spectrometer model with "spectrometer / data system”.
  • 13 C-NMR data are given analogous to the H-NMR data as peak lists from broadband-decoupled 13 C-NMR spectra. Again, the NMR solvent signals and tetramethylsilane are removed from the relative intensity calibration because these signals can have very high intensity values.
  • the logP value is determined by LC-UV measurement in the acidic range, with 0.9 ml / 1 formic acid in water and 1.0 ml / 1 formic acid in acetonitrile as eluent (linear gradient from 10% acetonitrile to 95% acetonitrile).
  • the logP value is determined by LC-UV measurement in the neutral range, with 79 mg / 1 ammonium carbonate in water and acetonitrile as eluent (linear gradient from 10% acetonitrile to 95% acetonitrile). Calibration was carried out with a homologous series of straight-chain alkan-2-ones (having 3 to 16 carbon atoms) with known logP values. The values between consecutive alkanones are determined by linear regression.
  • the vials are filled with 5-10 adult cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis), sealed with a perforated plastic lid and incubated at room temperature and ambient humidity. After 48 h the efficacy is determined. For this purpose, the jars are placed upright and the fleas are tapped on the bottom of the jar. Fleas that remain immobile on the ground or move uncoordinated, are considered dead or struck.
  • a substance shows good activity against Ctenocephalides felis, if in this test at a rate of 5 pg / cm 2 at least 80% effect was achieved. It means 100% effect that all fleas were struck or dead. 0% effect means that no fleas were harmed.
  • active compound For the preparation of a suitable preparation of active compound, 10 mg of active compound are mixed with 0.5 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide. Dilution with citrated bovine blood gives the desired concentration.
  • Approximately 20 sober adult cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) are placed in a chamber sealed with gauze at the top and bottom.
  • a metal cylinder is placed on the chamber, the underside of which is sealed with parafilm.
  • the cylinder contains the blood-drug preparation that can be absorbed by the fleas through the parafilm membrane.
  • Emulsifier alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled with water containing an emulsifier concentration of 1000 ppm until reaching the desired concentration.
  • dilute with emulsifier-containing water Pre-swollen wheat grains (Triticum aestivum) are incubated in a multiwell plate filled with agar and some water for one day (5 seeds per well). The germinated wheat grains are sprayed with an active compound preparation of the desired concentration. Each cavity is then infected with 10-20 beetle larvae of Diabrotica balteata.
  • Solvent 100 parts by weight of acetone To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled up with water until the desired concentration is reached.
  • the active compound preparation 50 ml of the active compound preparation are transferred into microtiter plates and made up to a final volume of 200 ml with 150 ml of lPL4llnsekten medium (33% + 15% sugar). Subsequently, the plates are sealed with parafilm, through which a mixed population of green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), which is located in a second microtiter plate, can pierce and take up the solution.
  • a mixed population of green peach aphid Myzus persicae
  • Emulsifier alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled with water containing an emulsifier concentration of 1000 ppm until reaching the desired concentration.
  • emulsifier concentration 1000 ppm until reaching the desired concentration.
  • dilute with emulsifier-containing water Chinese cabbage leaf discs (Brassica pekinensis) infested with all stages of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) are sprayed with an active compound preparation of the desired concentration.
  • Emulsifier alkylaryl polyglycol ether
  • active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled with water containing an emulsifier concentration of 1000 ppm until reaching the desired concentration. To prepare further test concentrations, dilute with emulsifier-containing water.
  • Chinese cabbage leaf discs (Brassica pekinensis) are sprayed with a preparation of active compound of the desired concentration and, after drying, are populated with larvae of the horseradish leaf beetle (Phaedon cochleariae).
  • active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with 4 parts by weight of empty formulation and the amount required depending on the state of aggregation of the active substance Solvent.
  • the preparation of active compound thus prepared is then dried.
  • the calculated amount of formulation is weighed according to the prepared, weighed seed quantity. Adding water, the corn seed is pickled and dried back.
  • the corn is sown in sandy loam (5 grains / pot, at least 2 pots / variant). After 3-4 days, about 40 larvae of the corn rootworm (Diabrotica balteata) are placed per pot. In addition to an untreated control with test animals, a control without test animals is included in order to determine the germination capacity of the maize seed.
  • the effect is determined in%. 100% means that the casserole corresponds to that of the control plant without larvae, and 0% means that the casserole corresponds to that of the control plant with larvae.
  • a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with 4 parts by weight of empty formulation and the amount of solvent required depending on the physical state of the active substance.
  • the preparation of active compound thus prepared is dried.
  • the calculated amount of the active substance preparation is weighed in according to the prepared, weighed seed quantity.
  • a suitable preparation of active compound 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved in an amount of solvent adapted to the physical state of the active substance. 4 parts by weight of blank formulation are added, mixed with the active substance solution and the resulting active ingredient preparation is dried. Depending on the desired application rate, the calculated amount of the active substance preparation is weighed in according to the prepared, weighed seed quantity.
  • winter barley seed (Hordeum vulgare) is pickled with the preparation of active compound and sown in sandy loam (10 grains / pot, at least 2 pots / variant). After 1 week, the barley plants (1st-2nd leaf stage) are infected with a mixed population of oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi).
  • the kill is determined in%. 100% means that all aphids have been killed; 0% means that no aphids have been killed.

Abstract

The present invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds of the formula (I) wherein R has the meanings cited in the description, to methods and intermediates for the production thereof, and to the use thereof for controlling animal pests.

Description

Stickstoffhaltige Heterocyclen als Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel  Nitrogen-containing heterocycles as pesticides
Die vorliegende Anmeldung betrifft neue heterocyclische Verbindungen, Verfahren und Zwischenprodukte zu Ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung zur Bekämpfung von tierischen Schädlingen. In DE 10024938 Al ist die Darstellung von Phenyliminoazinen beschrieben, die eine herbizide Wirksamkeit haben. The present application relates to novel heterocyclic compounds, processes and intermediates for their preparation and their use for controlling animal pests. DE 10024938 A1 describes the preparation of phenyliminoazines which have a herbicidal activity.
In US 2007/0259924 Al sind Imidazole, die ein ,V-[1 -Aryl-2( 1 //)-pyridinylidcnc]-cyanamid-Fragmcnt enthalten, als Faktor Xa Inhibitoren beschrieben. In US 2007/0259924 Al, imidazoles containing a V- [1-aryl-2 (1 //) -pyridinylidenecnc] -cyanamide fragment are described as factor Xa inhibitors.
Stickstoffhaltige Heterocyclen als Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel sind offenbart in WO 2017/005673 Al. Pflanzenschutzmittel, zu denen auch Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel gehören, müssen vielen Anforderungen genügen, beispielsweise in Bezug auf Höhe, Dauer und Breite ihrer Wirkung und möglichen Verwendung. Es spielen Fragen der Toxizität, der Kombinierbarkeit mit anderen Wirkstoffen oder Formulierhilfsmitteln eine Rolle sowie die Frage des Aufwands, der für die Synthese eines Wirkstoffs betrieben werden muss. Ferner können Resistenzen auftreten. Aus all diesen Gründen kann die Suche nach neuen Pflanzenschutzmitteln nicht als abgeschlossen betrachtet werden und es besteht ständig Bedarf an neuen Verbindungen mit gegenüber den bekannten Verbindungen zumindest in Bezug auf einzelne Aspekte verbesserten Eigenschaften. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles as pesticides are disclosed in WO 2017/005673 Al. Plant protection products, including pesticides, must meet many requirements, such as the level, duration and breadth of their effects and possible uses. Issues of toxicity, of the ability to be combined with other active substances or formulation auxiliaries play a role, as well as the question of the effort that has to be spent on the synthesis of an active substance. Furthermore, resistances can occur. For all these reasons, the search for new pesticides can not be considered complete and there is a constant need for new compounds with improved properties over the known compounds, at least with respect to individual aspects.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, Verbindungen bereitzustellen, durch die das Spektrum der Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel unter verschiedenen Aspekten verbreitert wird. Gelöst wird die Aufgabe, sowie weitere nicht explizit genannte Aufgaben, die aus den hierin diskutierten Zusammenhängen ableitbar oder erschließbar sind, durch Verbindungen der Formel (I) The object of the present invention was to provide compounds which broaden the spectrum of pesticides from various aspects. The problem is solved, as well as other tasks not explicitly mentioned, which can be derived or deduced from the relationships discussed herein, by compounds of the formula (I)
Figure imgf000002_0001
worin
Figure imgf000002_0001
wherein
R für einen Rest aus der Reihe Wasserstoff, Cyano, Fluormethyl, Difluormethyl, Fluorchlormethyl, Fluorbrommethyl, Difluorchlormethyl, Difluorbrommethyl, Difluoriodmethyl, 1 -Fluorethyl, 1 , 1 -Difluorethyl, 2,2-Difluorethyl, 2,2,2-Trifluorethyl, l-Fluor- 2,2,2-trifluorethyl, durch Cyano substituiertes Halogenalkyl, Ci-C i-Halogenalkoxy, C1-C4- Halogenalkylthio, Ci-C4-Halogenalkylsulfinyl, Ci-C4-Halogenalkylsulfonyl, gegebenenfalls durch Halogen substituiertes Ci-C4-Alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, gegebenenfalls durch Halogen substituiertes Ci-C4-Alkylthio-Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-Alkylsulfinyl-Ci-C4-alkyl, C1-C4- Alkylsulfonyl-Ci-C4-alkyl und durch Halogen, Cyano, Alkyl oder Halogenalkyl substituiertesR is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluorochloromethyl, fluorobromoethyl, difluorochloromethyl, difluorobromoethyl, difluoroiodomethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1 -Fluorine- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, cyano- substituted haloalkyl, Ci-C i-haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 - haloalkylthio, Ci-C4-haloalkylsulfinyl, Ci-C4-haloalkylsulfonyl, optionally halogen-substituted Ci-C 4 - alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl optionally substituted by halogen, Ci-C4-alkylthio-Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkylsulfinyl-Ci-C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 - alkylsulfonyl-Ci C 4 alkyl and substituted by halogen, cyano, alkyl or haloalkyl
Cycloalkyl steht. Cycloalkyl stands.
Bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel (I), in welchen Preference is given to compounds of the formula (I) in which
R für einen Rest aus der Reihe Wasserstoff, Cyano, Fluormethyl, Difluormethyl, Fluorchlormethyl, Fluorbrommethyl, Difluorchlormethyl, Difluorbrommethyl, Difluoriodmethyl, l-Fluorethyl, 1 , 1 -Difluorethyl, 2,2-Difluorethyl, 2,2,2-Trifluorethyl, l-Fluor-R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluorochloromethyl, fluorobromoethyl, difluorochloromethyl, difluorobromoethyl, difluoroiodomethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1 -Fluorine-
2.2.2-trifluorethyl, Cyano-fluormethyl, Cyano- difluormethyl, Difluormethoxy, Trifluormethoxy,2.2.2-trifluoroethyl, cyano-fluoromethyl, cyano-difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy,
2.2-Difluorethoxy, 2,2,2-Trifluorethoxy, Difluormethylthio, Trifluormethylthio, Difluormethylsulfinyl, Trifluormethylsulfinyl, Difluormethylsulfonyl, Trifluormethylsulfonyl, H3C-O-F2C, H3C-S-F2C, H3C-S(0)-F2C, H3C-O2S-F2C, H3C-S-H2C, H3C-S(0)-H2C, H3C-O2S- H2C, l-Fluorcyclopropyl, 1 -Cyanocyclopropyl und 1 -Trifluormethylcyclopropyl steht. 2,2-Difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, difluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylthio, difluoromethylsulfinyl, trifluoromethylsulfinyl, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, H 3 COF 2 C, H 3 CSF 2 C, H 3 CS (0) -F 2 C, H 3 CO 2 SF 2 C, H 3 CSH 2 C, H 3 CS (0) -H 2 C, H 3 CO 2 S-H2C, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl and 1-trifluoromethylcyclopropyl.
Jede einzelne in der folgenden Tabelle aufgeführte Verbindung der Formel (I) stellt eine ganz besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung dar: Each individual compound of the formula (I) listed in the following table represents a very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention:
Figure imgf000003_0001
Figure imgf000003_0002
Figure imgf000003_0001
Figure imgf000003_0002
Figure imgf000004_0001
Die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen der Formel (I) und deren Säureadditionssalze und Metallsalz komplexe besitzen gute Wirksamkeit, insbesondere zur Bekämpfung von tierischen Schädlingen, zu denen Arthropoden und insbesondere Insekten zählen.
Figure imgf000004_0001
The compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention and their acid addition salts and metal salt complexes have good activity, in particular for controlling animal pests, which include arthropods and in particular insects.
Als geeignete Salze der Verbindungen der Formel (I) können übliche nicht toxische Salze, d. h. Salze mit entsprechenden Basen und Salze mit zugesetzten Säuren genannt werden. Vorzugsweise sind Salze mit anorganischen Basen, wie Alkalimetallsalze, beispielsweise Natrium-, Kalium- oder Cäsiumsalze, Erdalkalimetallsalze, beispielsweise Calzium- oder Magnesiumsalze, Ammoniumsalze, Salze mit organischen Basen sowie mit anorganischen Aminen, beispielsweise Triethylammonium-, Dicyclohexylammonium-, ,V, ,V‘-Dibcnzylcthylcndiammonium-, Pyridinium-, Picolinium- oder Ethanolammoniumsalze, Salze mit anorganischen Säuren, beispielsweise Hydrochloride, Hydrobromide, Dihydrosulfate, Trihydrosulfate, oder Phosphate, Salze mit organischen Carbonsäuren oder organischen Sulfosäuren, beispielsweise Formiate, Acetate, Trifluoracetate, Maleate, Tartrate, Methansulfonate, Benzolsulfonate oder »ara-Toluolsulfonate, Salze mit basischen Aminosäuren, beispielsweise Arginate, Aspartate oder Glutamate und Ähnliches zu nennen. Weiter wurde gefunden, dass sich die Verbindungen der Formel (I) nach den im Folgenden beschriebenen Verfahren hersteilen lassen (vgl. auch WO 2017/005673 Al und die Herstellungsbeispiele). Suitable salts of the compounds of formula (I) may include conventional non-toxic salts, i. H. Salts with corresponding bases and salts with added acids. Preferably, salts with inorganic bases, such as alkali metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or cesium salts, alkaline earth metal salts, for example calcium or magnesium salts, ammonium salts, salts with organic bases and with inorganic amines, for example triethylammonium, Dicyclohexylammonium-,, V, '-Dibcnzylcthylcndiammonium-, pyridinium, picolinium or ethanolammonium salts, salts with inorganic acids, for example hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, dihydrosulfates, trihydrosulfates, or phosphates, salts with organic carboxylic acids or organic sulfonic acids, for example, formates, acetates, trifluoroacetates, maleates, tartrates, methanesulfonates , Benzenesulfonates or »ara-toluenesulfonates, salts with basic amino acids, for example, arginates, aspartates or glutamates, and the like. It has furthermore been found that the compounds of the formula (I) can be prepared by the processes described below (cf. also WO 2017/005673 A1 and the preparation examples).
Verbindungen der Formel (I), in denen der Rest R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, können beispielsweise gemäß Reaktions Schema I nach den Verfahren A, B und C hergestellt werden. Reaktionsschema I Compounds of the formula (I) in which the radical R has the abovementioned meaning can be prepared, for example, in accordance with Reaction Scheme I by the processes A, B and C. Reaction scheme I
Verfahren A Method A
N-Hetarylierung N-Hetarylierung
Figure imgf000005_0001
Figure imgf000005_0001
(V) (l) Verfahren B (V) (l) Method B
N-(Het)Arylierung N- (het) arylation
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0003
Figure imgf000006_0003
ng
Figure imgf000006_0002
ng
Figure imgf000006_0002
Beispielsweise können die Verbindungen der Formel (I) ausgehend von Verbindungen der Formel (II) erhalten werden. Verfahren A For example, the compounds of the formula (I) can be obtained starting from compounds of the formula (II). Method A
Nach Verfahren A können die Verbindungen der Formel (II) mittels A-Hetarylierungsreaktion mit entsprechenden halogenierten Pyridinverbindungen der Formel (III) in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren und basischen Reaktionshilfsmitteln in einem ersten Reaktionsschritt zu Verbindungen der Formel (IV) umgesetzt werden, die dann in einem zweiten Reaktionsschritt in Gegenwart eines geeigneten Halogenierungsmittels, beispielsweise Phosphorylchlorid, unter Bildung der aktivierten Verbindungen (V) reagieren, die dann in einem dritten Reaktionsschritt zu den Verbindungen der Formel (I) umgesetzt werden. According to process A, the compounds of formula (II) by means of A-Hetarylierungsreaktion with corresponding halogenated pyridine compounds of the formula (III) in the presence of catalysts and basic reaction auxiliaries in a first reaction step to compounds of formula (IV) are reacted, which then in a second Reaction step in the presence of a suitable halogenating agent, for example phosphoryl chloride, react to form the activated compounds (V), which are then reacted in a third reaction step to the compounds of formula (I).
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Aktivierung (Schritt 2) auch mit anderen Säurehalogeniden, beispielsweise mit Phosphorylbromid, erfolgen. In diesem Falle werden die entsprechenden substituierten Pyridiniumbromide (V) gebildet, die im dritten Reaktionsschritt, beispielsweise mit Cyanamid, zu den Verindungen der Formel (I) umgesetzt werden können (vgl. WO 2017/005673 Al). According to the invention, the activation (step 2) can also be carried out with other acid halides, for example with phosphoryl bromide. In this case, the corresponding substituted pyridinium bromides (V) are formed, which in the third reaction step, for example with cyanamide, can be converted into the compounds of the formula (I) (cf., WO 2017/005673 A1).
Es ist auch möglich, beim Verfahren A zur Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel (I) als Verbindung der Formel (II) das 2( 1 /7)-Pyridinon and als Verbindung der Formel (III) beispielsweise die 6- substituierte 3-Pyridinyl-boronsäure einzusetzen (vgl. WO 2017/005673 Al). It is also possible, in process A for preparing the compounds of formula (I) as compound of formula (II), the 2 (1/7) pyridinone and as compound of formula (III), for example, the 6-substituted 3-pyridinyl use boronic acid (see WO 2017/005673 Al).
Die Verbindung der Formel (II), das 2( 1 /7)-Pyridinon (CAS-Nr. 142-08-5), ist kommerziell erhältlich (vgl. ABCR GmbH, Aldrich, etc.). The compound of formula (II), 2 (1/7) pyridinone (CAS No. 142-08-5), is commercially available (see ABCR GmbH, Aldrich, etc.).
Die Verbindungen der Formel (III), in der LG für eine gegebenenfalls in-situ erzeugte nucleofuge Abgangsgruppe (“Leaving Group“) steht, sind teilweise bekannt und kommerziell erhältlich bzw. können nach im Prinzip bekannten Herstellungsverfahren erhalten werden. The compounds of the formula (III) in which LG is an in situ generated nucleofuge leaving group ("leaving group") are known in some cases and are commercially available or can be obtained by production processes known in principle.
Die Verbindungen der Formel (III), in der LG für Halogen steht, sind bekannt und zum Teil kommerziell erhältlich. Beispielhaft seien hier die folgenden 3 -substituierten Pyridine genannt, in denen LG für Halogen wie Brom oder Iod steht: 3 -Brom-pyridin [R = H; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 626-55-1) oder 3-Iod-pyridin [R = H; LG = I, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 1120-90-7); 5-Brom-2-(difluormethyl)-pyridin [R = F2HC; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 845827-13- 6); 5-Brom-2-(chlordifluormethyl)-pyridin [R = CIF2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group] (CAS- Nr. 2092697-33-9); 5-Brom-2-(bromdifluormethyl)-pyridin [R = BrF2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis, Enamine Building Blocks] (CAS-Nr. 2091049-56-6); 5-Brom-2-(l, l-difluorethyl)-pyridin [R = H3C-F2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group] (CAS-Nr. 1256821-91- 6); 5-Brom-2-(2,2,2-trifluorethyl)-pyridine [R = F3C-H2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1335050-19-5); 5-Brom-2-(2,2-difluorethyl)-pyridin [R = F2HC-H2C; LG = Br] (CAS-Nr. 1335053-88-7); 5-Brom-2-(trifluormethoxy)-pyridin [R = F3C-O; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 886371-77-3); 5-Brom-2-[(trifluormethyl)thio]-pyridin [R = F3C-S; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: Enamine Building Blocks] (CAS-Nr. 1204234-35-4); 5-Brom-2- [(trifluormethyl)sulfonyl] -pyridin [R = F3C-SO2; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: Enamine Building Blocks] (CAS-Nr. 2092700-59-7); 5-Brom-2-(difluormethoxy)-pyridin [R = F2HC-O; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 899452-26-7); 5-Brom-2-[(difluormethyl)thio]-pyridin [R = F2HC-S; LG = Br, bekannt aus: Wu, Jiang; et al. Chemical Science (2016), 7(6), 3757-3762] (CAS-Nr. 1887223-33-7); 5- Brom-2-(2,2,2-trifluorethoxy)-pyridin [R = F3C-H2C-O; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 126728-58-3); 5-Brom-2-(2,2-difluorethoxy)-pyridin [R = F2HC-H2C-O; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 494771-64-1); 5-Brom-2-[(methylthio)methyl]-pyridine [R = H3C-S-H2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1566292- 79-2); 5-Brom-2-[(methylsulfinyl)methyl] -pyridine [R = H3C-SO-H2C; LG = Br, bekannt aus: US 2016/0075647 Al] (CAS-Nr. 1632310-40-7); 5-Brom-2-[(methylsulfonyl)methyl]-pyridin [R = H3C- SO2-H2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group] (CAS-Nr. 1352754-05-2); l-(5-Brom-2-pyridinyl)- cyclopropanecarbonitrile [R = 1 -Cyan-cyclopropyl; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 827628-15-9); 5-Brom-2-[l-(trifluormethyl)cyclopropyl]-pyridin [R = 1 -Trifluor-methyl-cyclopropyl; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1431616-44-2); 5-Brom-2-(l- fluorocyclopropyl) -pyridin [R = 1 -Fluor-cyclopropyl; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1936113-44-8); 5-Brom-2-pyridinecarbonitril [R = Cyan; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: ABCR] (CAS-Nr. 97483-77-7); 5-Brom-2-(fluormethyl)-pyridin [R = F-H2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1335050-09-3); 5-Bromo-a-fluor-2- pyridineacetonitrile [R = NC-FHC; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: Apichemical (Shanghai) Product List, China] (CAS-Nr. 1582263-08-8); 5-Brom-a,a-difluor-2-pyridineacetonitrile [R = NC-F2C; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1823829-77-1) oder 5-Brom-2-(l, 2,2,2- tetrafluoroethyl)-pyridin [R = F3C-FHC; LG = Br, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 60715-33-5). The compounds of the formula (III) in which LG is halogen are known and in some cases commercially available. By way of example, the following 3-substituted pyridines may be mentioned, in which LG is halogen, such as bromine or iodine: 3-bromo-pyridine [R = H; LG = Br, commercially available from: ABCR] (CAS No. 626-55-1) or 3-iodo-pyridine [R = H; LG = I, commercial for: ABCR] (CAS No. 1120-90-7); 5-bromo-2- (difluoromethyl) -pyridine [R = F 2 HC; LG = Br, commercially available from: ABCR] (CAS No. 845827-13-6); 5-Bromo-2- (chlorodifluoromethyl) -pyridine [R = CIF2C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group] (CAS No. 2092697-33-9); 5-Bromo-2- (bromodifluoromethyl) -pyridine [R = BrF 2 C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis, Enamine Building Blocks] (CAS No. 2091049-56-6); 5-Bromo-2- (1,1-difluoroethyl) -pyridine [R = H3C-F2C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group] (CAS No. 1256821-91-6); 5-Bromo-2- (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) -pyridines [R = F3C-H2C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS # 1335050-19-5); 5-Bromo-2- (2,2-difluoroethyl) -pyridine [R = F 2 HC-H 2 C; LG = Br] (CAS No. 1335053-88-7); 5-Bromo-2- (trifluoromethoxy) -pyridine [R = F3C-O; LG = Br, commercially available from: ABCR] (CAS No. 886371-77-3); 5-Bromo-2 - [(trifluoromethyl) thio] pyridine [R = F3C-S; LG = Br, commercially available from: Enamine Building Blocks] (CAS No. 1204234-35-4); 5-Bromo-2- [(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl] -pyridine [R = F3C-SO2; LG = Br, commercial for: Enamine Building Blocks] (CAS No. 2092700-59-7); 5-Bromo-2- (difluoromethoxy) -pyridine [R = F 2 HC-O; LG = Br, commercially available from: ABCR] (CAS No. 899452-26-7); 5-Bromo-2 - [(difluoromethyl) thio] -pyridine [R = F 2 HC-S; LG = Br, known from: Wu, Jiang; et al. Chemical Science (2016), 7 (6), 3757-3762] (CAS No. 1887223-33-7); 5-Bromo-2- (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) -pyridine [R = F3C-H2C-O; LG = Br, commercially available from: ABCR] (CAS No. 126728-58-3); 5-Bromo-2- (2,2-difluoroethoxy) -pyridine [R = F 2 HC -H 2 C-O; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS # 494771-64-1); 5-Bromo-2 - [(methylthio) methyl] -pyridines [R = H3C-S-H2C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS No. 1566292-79-2); 5-Bromo-2 - [(methylsulfinyl) methyl] -pyridines [R = H3C-SO-H2C; LG = Br, known from: US 2016/0075647 A1] (CAS No. 1632310-40-7); 5-Bromo-2 - [(methylsulfonyl) methyl] -pyridine [R = H3C-SO2-H2C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group] (CAS No. 1352754-05-2); 1- (5-bromo-2-pyridinyl) -cyclopropanecarbonitriles [R = 1-cyano-cyclopropyl; LG = Br, commercially available from: ABCR] (CAS No. 827628-15-9); 5-Bromo-2- [1- (trifluoromethyl) cyclopropyl] -pyridine [R = 1 -trifluoromethyl-cyclopropyl; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS No. 1431616-44-2); 5-Bromo-2- (1-fluorocyclopropyl) -pyridine [R = 1-fluorocyclopropyl; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS No. 1936113-44-8); 5-Bromo-2-pyridinecarbonitrile [R = cyano; LG = Br, commercially available from: ABCR] (CAS No. 97483-77-7); 5-Bromo-2- (fluoromethyl) -pyridine [R = F-H2C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS # 1335050-09-3); 5-Bromo-a-fluoro-2-pyridineacetonitriles [R = NC-FHC; LG = Br, commercially available from: Apichemical (Shanghai) Product List, China] (CAS No. 1582263-08-8); 5-Bromo-a, a-difluoro-2-pyridineacetonitriles [R = NC-F2C; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS No. 1823829-77-1) or 5-bromo-2- (l, 2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl) -pyridine [R = F3C-FHC ; LG = Br, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS # 60715-33-5).
Die Verbindungen der Formel (III), in der LG für Halogen steht, können auch aus 6-substituierten 3- Pyridinaminen (z.B. 6-(l-Fluoroethyl)-3-pyridinamine [R = H3C-FHC; kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1780164-15-9), beispielsweise mittels Diazotierung unter Verwendung von feri-Butylnitrit in Gegenwart von Kupfer(I)-bromid nach einer Sandmeyer-analogen Reaktion (vgl. für R = CF3; E. Pinard, et al. ./. Med. Chem., 53(12), 4603-4614; 2010) erhalten werden. The compounds of formula (III) wherein LG is halo may also be prepared from 6-substituted-3-pyridineamines (eg 6- (1-fluoroethyl) -3-pyridineamines [R = H3C-FHC, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS No. 1780164-15-9), for example by diazotization using ferric butyl nitrite in the presence of copper (I) bromide according to a Sandmeyer analogue reaction (see for R = CF3, E. Pinard , et al., /. Med. Chem., 53 (12), 4603-4614, 2010).
Darüber hinaus können die 6-substituierten Pyridine mit einer geeigneten Abgangsgruppe in 3 -Position (LG = B(OH)2) oder B(OR)2) mit den entsprechenden Verbindungen der Formel (11) nach bekannten Methoden (vgl. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 2457-2483; Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 9633-9695; Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions (Eds.: A. de Meijere, F. Diederich), 2nd ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2004) in Gegenwart geeigneter Katalysatoren aus der Reihe der Übergangsmetallsalze zu Verbindungen der Formel (1) umgesetzt werden. Die 6-substituierten Pyridine mit einer geeigneten Abgangsgruppe (LG = B(OH)2 oder B(OR)2) in 3- Position sind teilweise bekannt und kommerziell erhältlich, bzw. können nach bekannten Methoden hergestellt werden: z. B. 2-(Difluormethyl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-pyridin [R = F2HC; LG = B(OCMe2)2, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1220696-57- 0) oder B-[6-(2,2,2-Trifluorethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-boronsäure [R = F3C-H2C; LG = B(OH)2, kommerziell bei: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS-Nr. 1356109-90-4). In addition, the 6-substituted pyridines having a suitable leaving group in the 3-position (LG = B (OH) 2) or B (OR) 2) can be reacted with the corresponding compounds of the formula (11) by known methods (compare Chem 1995, 95, 2457-2483; Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 9633-9695; Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions (Eds .: A. de Meijere, F. Diederich), 2 nd Ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2004) in the presence of suitable catalysts from the series of transition metal salts to give compounds of formula (1). The 6-substituted pyridines with a suitable leaving group (LG = B (OH) 2 or B (OR) 2) in the 3-position are known and commercially available, or can be prepared by known methods: z. B. 2- (Difluoromethyl) -5- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) -pyridine [R = F 2 HC; LG = B (OCMe2) 2, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS No. 1220696-57-0) or B- [6- (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) -3-pyridinyl] boronic acid [R = F3C-H2C; LG = B (OH) 2, commercially available from: FCH Group Reagents for Synthesis] (CAS # 1356109-90-4).
Einzelne Verbindungen der Formel (IV) sind bekannt und kommerziell erhältlich (vgl. beispielsweise 1(277), 3'-Bipyridin]-2-one [R = H; kommerziell bei: Chemieliva Pharmaceutical Product List, China] (CAS-Nr. 60532-44-7). Individual compounds of the formula (IV) are known and are commercially available (cf., for example, 1 (277), 3'-bipyridine] -2-one [R = H, commercially available from: Chemieliva Pharmaceutical Product List, China] (CAS no. 60532-44-7).
Anschließend lassen sich die Verbindungen der Formel (IV) gemäß Schritt 2 des Herstellungs verfahrens A mittels geeigneten Aktivierungsreagenzien, beispielsweise mit Säurehalogeniden anorganischer Säuren wie Sulfurylchlorid, Phosphorylchlorid, Phosphorpentachlorid, Phosphoryl- bromid, Phosphorpentabromid oder mit Säurehalogeniden organischer Säuren wie Oxalylchlorid in die Verbindungen der Formel (V), in der X für ein entsprechendes Halogenidanion, beispielsweise Chlorid oder Bromid, und LG für eine gegebenenfalls in-situ erzeugte nucleofüge Abgangsgruppe steht, überführen (vgl. WO 2017/005673 Al). Subsequently, the compounds of formula (IV) according to step 2 of the preparation process A by means of suitable activating reagents, for example with acid halides of inorganic acids such as sulfuryl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphoryl bromide, phosphorus pentabromide or with acid halides of organic acids such as oxalyl chloride in the compounds of formula (V) in which X represents a corresponding halide anion, for example chloride or bromide, and LG represents an optionally in situ generated nucleofugic leaving group (cf., WO 2017/005673 A1).
Durch Austausch der Abgangsgruppe LG im Reaktionsschritt 3 mittels Cyanamid können dann die Verbindungen der Formel (1), in der R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, gebildet werden. By replacing the leaving group LG in reaction step 3 by means of cyanamide, it is then possible to form the compounds of the formula (1) in which R has the meaning given above.
Verfahren B Method B
Nach dem bevorzugten Verfahren B werden zunächst die Verbindungen der Formel (IV) erhalten, die dann durch Thionierungsreaktion (Schritt 2) in Verbindungen der Formel (VI) überführt werden. Die nachfolgende S-Mcthylicrung führt zu Verbindungen der Formel (Vll). ln diesem Falle kann die S- Methylgruppe als nucleofüge Abgangsgruppe LG beispielsweise gegen Ammoniak unter Bildung der Verbindungen der Formel (Vlll) im Schritt 4 ausgetauscht werden. Auf diese Weise können die Verbindungen der Formel (1) durch Einführung des Substituenten„CN“ mit Bromcyan oder Austausch der nucleofügen Abgangsgruppe LG = S- ethyl (SMe) mit Cyanamid oder beispielsweise mit Natriumhydrogencyanamid (vgl. z. B. Herstellungsbeispiele 1 bis 5), in einfacher Weise erhalten werden. According to the preferred process B, the compounds of the formula (IV) are first obtained, which are then converted by thionation reaction (step 2) into compounds of the formula (VI). Subsequent S-methylation leads to compounds of formula (VII). In this case, the S-methyl group can be exchanged as a nucleofugic leaving group LG, for example, against ammonia to form the compounds of the formula (VIII) in step 4. In this way, the compounds of the formula (1) can be prepared by introducing the substituent "CN" with cyanogen bromide or replacing the nucleofugic leaving group LG = S-ethyl (SMe) with cyanamide or, for example, with sodium hydrogen cyanamide (cf., for example, Preparations 1 to 5 ), can be obtained in a simple manner.
Wird beim Verfahren B als Verbindung der Formel (11) das 2( 1 /7)-Pyridinon and als Verbindung der Formel (111) das 5-Brom-2-(difluormethyl)-pyridin (R = F2HC; LG = Br) eingesetzt, so entsteht zunächst das 6‘-Difluormcthyl-[l (2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (R = F2HC) der Formel (IV). Nachfolgende Thionierung (Schritt 2) mittels Diphosphorpentasulfid führt dann zum 6‘-Difluormcthyl-[l (2/7), 3‘- bipyridin]-2-thion der Formel (VI), das anschließend mit Methyliodid in einem dritten Reaktionsschritt unter Bildung von [l-[6-Difluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid der Formel (VII) S-mcthylicrt wird. Anschließend führt der Austausch der nucleofügen Abgangsgruppe LG = Methylthio (SMe) mit Natriumhydrogencyanamid zum [1 -[6-Difluormcthyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2( 1 H)- pyridinyliden] cyanamid der Formel (I) (R = F2HC) (vgl. beispielsweise M. C. Christensen et al. Synthesis 1980, 5, 405-407 und Herstellungsbeispiel 2). If in process B the compound of formula (11) is 2 (1/7) -pyridinone and, as compound of formula (III), 5-bromo-2- (difluoromethyl) -pyridine (R = F 2 HC, LG = Br) , the result is first the 6'-Difluormcthyl- [l (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (R = F2HC) of the formula (IV). Subsequent thionation (step 2) using diphosphorus pentasulfide then leads to 6'-difluoromethyl [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione of the formula (VI) which is subsequently reacted with methyl iodide in a third reaction step to give [1- [6-difluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) -pyridinium iodide of the formula (VII) S-methylethyl. Subsequently, the replacement of the nucleofugic leaving group LG = methylthio (SMe) with sodium hydrogen cyanamide leads to the [1- [6-difluoromethyl-pyridin-3-yl] -2 (1H) -pyridinylidene] cyanamide of the formula (I) (R =F2HC) (See, for example, MC Christensen et al., Synthesis 1980, 5, 405-407 and Preparation Example 2).
Eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Thionierungsmittel (Schweflungsreagenzien) ist in der Literatur beschrieben, wie beispielsweise Schwefelwasserstoff (H2S), Schwefelwasserstoff/ Chlorwasserstoff (H2S/HCI), Wasserstoffpersulfid/Chlorwasserstoff (H2S2/HCI), Di-(diethyl-aluminium)-sulfid [(Et2Al)2S], polymeres Ethylaluminiumsulfid [(EtAlS)n], Siliziumdisulfid (S1S2), Dibortrisulfid (B2S3), Phorphorpentachlorid/Dialuminiumtrisulfid/Natriumsulfat (PCL/ Al2S3/Na2S04), Natriumsulfid/ Schwefelsäure (Na2S/H2S04), Diphosphorpentasulfid (P2S5), Diphosphorpentasulfid/Pyridin (P2SLPV), Diethylthiocarbamoylchlorid, Diphosphorpenta-sulfid/Triethylamin (PiSLNEh), Diphosphorpentasulfid/ n-Butyllithium (PiSLn-BuLi), Di-phosphorpentasulfid/ Natriumhydrogencarbonat (P2SLNaHCOy „Scheeren’s Reagens“, Bil-dung von Na2+[P4SioO]2 ), Diphosphorpentasulfid/Methanol (P2SLMCOH), SCN-CO-OEt, PSCL (NMe2)3-x (X = 0-3), Bis(tricyclohexylzinn)sulfid/Bortrihalogenid [(CöHii)3Sn]S2 + BX3 (X = CI, F) (vgl. EP 0280867 Al), Bis(l,5-cyclooktandiylboryl)sulfid [(9-BBN)2S] als Schweflungsreagens oder als Phosphorpentasulfid-Ersatz, 2,4-Bis-(methylthio)-l,3,2,4- dithiadiphosphetan-2,4-disulfid „Davy-Reagens Methyl“ (DR-Me), 2,4-Bis-(ethylthio)-l,3,2,4- dithiadiphosphetan-2,4-disulfid„Davy-Reagens /2-Tolyl oder Heimgartner Reagens“ (DR-T), 2,4-Bis-(4- phenoxyphenyl)-2,4-dithioxo-l,3,2,4-dithiaphosphetan „Belleau’s Reagens“ (BR), 2,4-Bis-(4- phenylthiophenyl)- 2,4-dithioxo-l,3,2,4-dithiaphosphetan, 2,4-Bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dithioxo- l,3,2,4-dithiaphosphetan „Lawesson’s Reagens“ (LR) (vgl. WO 98/43965 Al und dort zitierte Literatur). A variety of different thionating agents (sulfur reagents) are described in the literature, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen sulfide / hydrogen chloride (H2S / HCl), hydrogen persulfide / hydrogen chloride (H2S2 / HCl), di (diethyl-aluminum) sulfide [(Et2Al ) 2S], polymeric ethylaluminum sulfide [(EtAlS) n ], silicon disulfide (S1S2), diboron trisulfide (B2S3), phosphorus pentachloride / dialuminium trisulfide / sodium sulfate (PCL / Al 2 S 3 / Na 2 SO 4 ), sodium sulfide / sulfuric acid (Na 2 S / H 2 SO 4) , Diphosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5), diphosphorus pentasulfide / pyridine (P2SLPV), diethylthiocarbamoyl chloride, diphosphorus penta-sulfide / triethylamine (PiSLNEh), diphosphorus pentasulfide / n-butyllithium (PiSLn-BuLi), di-phosphorous pentasulfide / sodium bicarbonate (P2SLNaHCOy "Scheeren's Reagent", Formation of Na 2+ [P 4 SioO] 2 ), diphosphorus pentasulfide / methanol (P2SLMCOH), SCN-CO-OEt, PSCL (NMe2) 3 x (X = 0-3), bis (tricyclohexyltin) sulfide / boron trihalide [(CöHii ) 3Sn] S2 + BX3 (X = CI, F) ( see EP 0280867 A1), bis (l, 5-cyclooctanediylboryl) sulfide [(9-BBN) 2 S] as a sulfur reagent or as a phosphorus pentasulfide replacement, 2,4-bis- (methylthio) -l, 3,2,4 dithiadiphosphetane-2,4-disulfide "Davy-reagent methyl" (DR-Me), 2,4-bis- (ethylthio) -l, 3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane-2,4-disulfide "Davy reagent / 2-tolyl or Heimgartner reagent "(DR-T), 2,4-bis (4-phenoxyphenyl) -2,4-dithioxo-l, 3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane"Belleau's reagent "(BR), 2, 4-bis- (4-phenylthiophenyl) -2,4-dithioxo-l, 3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane, 2,4-bis- (4-methoxyphenyl) -2,4-dithioxo-l, 3,2, 4-dithiaphosphetane "Lawesson's Reagent" (LR) (cf. WO 98/43965 A1 and literature cited therein).
Als bevorzugte Thionierungsmittel (Schweflungsreagenzien) kommen Diphosphorpentasulfid (P2S5), Diphosphorpentasulfid/Pyridin (P2SLPV), 2,4-Bis-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2,4-dithioxo-l,3,2,4- dithiaphosphetan „Belleau’s Reagens“ (BR) oder 2,4-Bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dithioxo-l,3,2,4- dithiaphosphetan„Lawesson’s Reagens“ (LR) in Frage. Preferred thionating agents (sulfur reagents) are diphosphorus pentasulfide (P 2 S 5 ), diphosphorus pentasulfide / pyridine (P2SLP V ), 2,4-bis (4-phenoxyphenyl) -2,4-dithioxo-l, 3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane "Belleau's reagent" (BR) or 2,4-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) -2,4-dithioxo-l, 3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane "Lawesson's reagent" (LR) in question.
Verfahren C Method C
Alternativ kann nach Verfahren C die Verbindung der Formel (IX) mit Verbindungen der Formel (III), in der R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat und LG für eine gegebenenfalls in-situ erzeugte nucleofüge Abgangsgruppe steht, zu Verbindungen der Formel (I) umgesetzt werden. Alternatively, according to method C, the compound of the formula (IX) can be reacted with compounds of the formula (III) in which R has the abovementioned meaning and LG is an in situ generated nucleofugic leaving group to give compounds of the formula (I) become.
Die Verbindung der Formel (IX), das ,V- 2 - P y r i d i n y 1 - cy a n a m i d (CAS-Nr. 21418-21-3), ist bekannt und kommerziell erhältlich (FCH Groups Reagents for Synthesis, Small Molecules Product List, etc). Gemäß den Verfahren A und B erfolgt die Herstellung von Verbindungen der Formel (IV), in denen R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, bevorzugt in Gegenwart von Kupfer(I)-iodid oder Kupfer(I)- acetat, Reaktionshilfsmiteln und in geeigneten Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmitteln. The compound of the formula (IX), V-2-pyridinyl-cyanoamide (CAS No. 21418-21-3), is known and commercially available (FCH Groups Reagents for Synthesis, Small Molecules Product List, etc ). According to the methods A and B, the preparation of compounds of formula (IV), in which R has the meaning mentioned above, preferably in the presence of copper (I) iodide or copper (I) - acetate, reaction aids and in suitable solution or diluents.
Als geeignete Reaktionshilfsstoffe zur Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel (IV) finden basische Reaktionshilfsmittel Verwendung. Suitable reaction auxiliaries for the preparation of the compounds of the formula (IV) are basic reaction auxiliaries.
Beispielhaft seien erwähnt die Hydroxide, Hydride, Oxide und Carbonate des Lithiums, Natriums, Kaliums, Magnesiums, Calciums und Bariums, ferner weitere basische Verbindungen wie Amidinbasen oder Guanidinbasen wie 7-Methyl-l,5,7-triaza-bicyclo(4.4.0)dec-5-en (MTBD); Diazabicyclo(4.3.0) nonen (DBN), Diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octan (DABCO), 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undecen (DBU), Cyclohexyltetrabutyl-guanidin (CyTBG), Cyclohexyltetramethylguanidin (CyTMG), NNNN- Tetramethyl-l,8-naphthalindiamin, Pentamethylpiperidin, tertiäre Amine wie Triethylamin, Trimethylamin, Tribenzylamin, Triisopropylamin, Tributylamin, Tricyclohexylamin, Triamylamin, Trihexylamin, ,V, ,V- D i m c t h y 1 a n i 1 i n , ,V, ,V- D i m c t h y 1 - 1 o 1 u i d i n , ,V, /V- D i m c t hy 1 - p - a m i n o p y r i d i n , /V- Methyl pyrrolidin, V-Methyl-piperidin, V-Methyl-imidazol, V-Methyl-pyrazol, V-Methyl-morpholin, /V- cthyl- hexamethylendiamin, Pyridin, 4-Pyrrolidinopyridin, 4-Dimethylamino-pyridin, Chinolin, a-Picolin, ß- Picolin, Isochinolin, Pyrimidin, Acridin, N,N,N ',N -Tetramethylendiamin, ,V, ,V ,V’-T ctracthylcndiamin, Chinoxalin, V-Propyl-diisopropylamin, V-Ethyl-diisopropylamin („ Hünig’s Base“), W’-Dimcthyl- cyclohexylamin, 2,6-Lutidin, 2,4-Lutidin oder Triethyldiamin. Examples include the hydroxides, hydrides, oxides and carbonates of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and barium, further basic compounds such as amidine bases or guanidine bases such as 7-methyl-l, 5,7-triaza-bicyclo (4.4.0 ) dec-5-ene (MTBD); Diazabicyclo (4.3.0) nonene (DBN), diazabicyclo (2.2.2) octane (DABCO), 1,8-diazabicyclo (5.4.0) undecene (DBU), cyclohexyltetrabutyl-guanidine (CyTBG), cyclohexyltetramethylguanidine (CyTMG), NNNN Tetramethyl-l, 8-naphthalenediamine, pentamethylpiperidine, tertiary amines such as triethylamine, trimethylamine, tribenzylamine, triisopropylamine, tributylamine, tricyclohexylamine, triamylamine, trihexylamine, V, V-D imcthy 1 ani 1 in,, V, D imcthy 1 - 1 o 1 uidin,, V, / V - D imct hy 1 - p - aminopyridine, / V - methyl pyrrolidine, V - methylpiperidine, V - methylimidazole, V - methylpyrazole, V - methyl -morpholine, / V-cetyl-hexamethylenediamine, pyridine, 4-pyrrolidinopyridine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, quinoline, α-picoline, β-picoline, isoquinoline, pyrimidine, acridine, N, N, N ', N-tetramethylenediamine, V, V, V'-T ctracthylcndiamine, quinoxaline, V-propyl-diisopropylamine, V-ethyl-diisopropylamine ("Hünig's base"), W'-Dimcthyl- cyclohexylamine, 2,6-lutidine, 2,4-lutidine or triethylene ldiamin.
Als basische Reaktionshilfsmitel zur Durchführung der Verfahren A und B gemäß Reaktionsschema I können alle geeigneten Säurebindemitel eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise Alkalimetallcarbonate oder Amine. As basic reaction auxiliaries for carrying out the processes A and B according to Reaction Scheme I, it is possible to use all suitable acid binder titels, for example alkali metal carbonates or amines.
Bevorzugt werden Kaliumcarbonat, /ru«.v-N,N‘-Dimcthylcyclohcxan- 1 ,2-diamin oder Pyridin verwendet. Preference is given to using potassium carbonate, N-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine or pyridine.
Als geeignete Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel kommen alle inerten organischen Lösungsmitel in Betracht, beispielsweise aliphatische oder aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (wie Petrolether, Toluol), halogenierte Kohlenwasserstoffe (wie Chlortoluol, Dichlormethan, Chloroform, 1,2-Dichlorethan), Ether (wie Diethylether, Dioxan, Tetrahydrofuran, 1 ,2-Dimethoxyethan), Ester (wie Essigsäure ethylester oder -methylester), Nitrokohlen-wasserstoffe (wie Nitromethan, Nitroethan, Nitrobenzol), Nitrile (wie Acetonitril, Benzonitril), Amide (wie ,V, N- D i m c t hy 1 fo rin am i d , N, ,V- D i m c t h y 1 ac c t a m i de , N- Methyl-formanilid, ,V- cthylpyrrolidon, Hexamethylphosphorsäuretriamid) sowie Dimethylsulfoxid oder Wasser oder Gemische der genannten Lösungsmitel. Suitable solvents or diluents are all inert organic solvents, for example aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons (such as petroleum ether, toluene), halogenated hydrocarbons (such as chlorotoluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane), ethers (such as diethyl ether, dioxane, Tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane), esters (such as ethyl acetate or methyl ester), nitrocarbons (such as nitromethane, nitroethane, nitrobenzene), nitriles (such as acetonitrile, benzonitrile), amides (such as, V, N-D imct hy 1 fo urine on id, N,, V-D imcthy 1 ac ctami de, N-methyl-formanilide,, V-cthylpyrrolidon, hexamethylphosphoric triamide) and dimethyl sulfoxide or water or mixtures of Lösungsmitel mentioned.
Bevorzugt werden halogenierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Dichlormethan oder 1,2-Dichlorethan und Amide als Lösungsmittel, wie beispielsweise ,V, ,V- D i me thy 1 fo rmam i d, eingesetzt. Gemäß Verfahren A erfolgt die Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel (V) bevorzugt in Gegenwart von anorganischen Säurehalogeniden, einer katalytischen Menge eines basischen Reaktionshilfsmittels und in Gegenwart von geeigneten Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmitteln. Preference is given to using halogenated hydrocarbons, such as dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane, and amides as solvents, such as, for example, V, D-dimethyl-1-imid id. In accordance with process A, the compounds of the formula (V) are preferably prepared in the presence of inorganic acid halides, a catalytic amount of a basic reaction auxiliary and in the presence of suitable solvents or diluents.
Bevorzugt werden Phosphorsäurehalogenide, halogenierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Dichlormethan oder 1 ,2-Dichlorethan und Amide als Lösungsmittel, wie beispielsweise ,V, ,V- D i me thy 1 fo rmam i d, eingesetzt. Preference is given to using phosphoric acid halides, halogenated hydrocarbons, such as dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane, and amides as solvents, such as, for example, V, D-dimethyl-1-methylamine.
Nach Verfahren A werden die Verbindungen der Formel (I), in denen R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, bevorzugt in Gegenwart eines basischen Reaktionshilfsmittels und in Gegenwart von geeigneten Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmitteln hergestellt. In accordance with process A, the compounds of the formula (I) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of a basic reaction auxiliary and in the presence of suitable solvents or diluents.
Bevorzugt werden als basische Reaktionshilfsmittel Kaliumcarbonat und als Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel Nitrile, wie Acetonitril, eingesetzt. Preference is given to using potassium carbonate as the basic reaction auxiliaries and nitriles, such as acetonitrile, as the solvent or diluent.
Gemäß Verfahren B erfolgt die Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel (VI), in denen R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, bevorzugt in Gegenwart eines Thionierungsmittels (Schweflungs- reagenzien) und in Gegenwart eines basischen Reaktionshilfsmittels sowie von geeigneten Lösungs oder Verdünnungsmitteln. In accordance with process B, the compounds of the formula (VI) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of a thionation agent (sulfur reagents) and in the presence of a basic reaction auxiliary and of suitable solvents or diluents.
Bevorzugt werden als Thionierungsmittel (Schweflungsreagenzien) Diphosphorpentasulfid (P2S5), als basisches Reaktionshilfsmittel Natriumhydrogencarbonat und als Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel 1,4- Dioxan eingesetzt oder Pyridin als basisches Reaktionshilfsmittel, Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel. Preference is given to using diphosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5) as thionating agent (sulfur reagents), sodium hydrogen carbonate as basic reaction auxiliary and 1,4-dioxane as solvent or diluent, or pyridine as basic reaction auxiliary, solvent or diluent.
Gemäß Verfahren B erfolgt die Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel (VII), in denen R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, bevorzugt in Gegenwart eines geigneten ^-Alkylierungsmittels und in Gegenwart eines geeigneten Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittels. According to process B, the compounds of the formula (VII) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of a suitable C 1 -alkylating agent and in the presence of a suitable solvent or diluent.
Bevorzugt wird als ^-Alkylierungsmittel Methyliodid und als Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel ein Nitril, beispielsweise Acetonitril, eingesetzt. Methyliodide is preferably used as the ^ -alkylating agent and a nitrile, for example acetonitrile, as the solvent or diluent.
Nach Verfahren B werden die Verbindungen der Formel (I), in denen R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, bevorzugt in Gegenwart eines basischen Reaktionshilfsmittels und in Gegenwart von geeigneten Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmitteln hergestellt. In process B, the compounds of the formula (I) in which R has the abovementioned meaning, are preferably prepared in the presence of a basic reaction auxiliary and in the presence of suitable solvents or diluents.
Bevorzugt werden als basische Reaktionshilfsmittel Hydrazinhydrat oder Pyridin und als Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel Nitrile, wie Acetonitril, eingesetzt. Hydrazine hydrate or pyridine are preferably used as basic reaction auxiliaries and nitrites, such as acetonitrile, as solvents or diluents.
Nach Verfahren C erfolgt die Herstellung der Verbindungen der Formel (I), in denen R die weiter oben genannte Bedeutung hat, bevorzugt in Gegenwart von Kupfer(I)-iodid, Reaktionshilfsmitteln und in geeigneten Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmitteln. Bevorzugt werden als Reaktionshilfsmittel Kaliumacetat und als Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel Amide, wie beispielsweise ,V, ,V- D i me t hy 1 fo rmam i d , eingesetzt. In accordance with process C, the compounds of the formula (I) in which R has the abovementioned meaning are preferably prepared in the presence of copper (I) iodide, reaction auxiliaries and in suitable solvents or diluents. Potassium acetate is preferably used as reaction auxiliaries and amides, such as, for example, V,, V-dimericammide, are used as solvent or diluent.
Isomere isomers
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) können in Abhängigkeit von der Art der Substituenten als geometrische und/oder als optisch aktive Isomere oder entsprechende Isomerengemische in unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung vorliegen. Diese Stereoisomere sind beispielsweise Enantiomere, Diastereomere, Atropisomere oder geometrische Isomere. Die Erfindung umfasst somit sowohl reine Stereoisomere als auch beliebige Gemische dieser Isomere. Depending on the nature of the substituents, the compounds of the formula (I) can be present as geometrical and / or as optically active isomers or corresponding isomer mixtures in different compositions. These stereoisomers are, for example, enantiomers, diastereomers, atropisomers or geometric isomers. The invention thus comprises both pure stereoisomers and any mixtures of these isomers.
Verfahren und Verwendungen Methods and uses
Die Erfindung betrifft auch Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von tierischen Schädlingen, bei dem man Verbindungen der Formel (I) auf tierische Schädlinge und/oder ihren Lebensraum einwirken lässt. Bevorzugt wird die Bekämpfung der tierischen Schädlinge in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft und im Materialschutz durchgeführt. Hierunter vorzugsweise ausgeschlossen sind Verfahren zur chirurgischen oder therapeutischen Behandlung des menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers und Diagnostizierverfahren, die am menschlichen oder tierischen Körper vorgenommen werden. The invention also relates to methods for controlling animal pests, in which compounds of the formula (I) are allowed to act on animal pests and / or their habitat. Preference is given to the control of animal pests in agriculture and forestry and in the protection of materials. Excluded therefor are preferably methods for the surgical or therapeutic treatment of the human or animal body and diagnostic methods that are performed on the human or animal body.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner die Verwendung der Verbindungen der Formel (I) als Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel, insbesondere Pflanzenschutzmittel. The invention further relates to the use of the compounds of the formula (I) as pesticides, in particular pesticides.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Anmeldung umfasst der Begriff Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel jeweils immer auch den Begriff Pflanzenschutzmittel. In the context of the present application, the term pest control always always includes the term pesticides.
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) eignen sich bei guter Pflanzenverträglichkeit, günstiger Warmblütertoxizität und guter Umweltverträglichkeit zum Schutz von Pflanzen und Pflanzenorganen vor biotischen und abiotischen Stressfaktoren, zur Steigerung der Emteerträge, Verbesserung der Qualität des Emtegutes und zur Bekämpfung von tierischen Schädlingen, insbesondere Insekten, Spinnentieren, Helminthen, insbesondere Nematoden, und Mollusken, die in der Landwirtschaft, im Gartenbau, bei der Tierzucht, in Aquakulturen, in Forsten, in Gärten und Freizeiteinrichtungen, im Vorrats- und Materialschutz sowie auf dem Hygienesektor Vorkommen. The compounds of formula (I) are suitable for good plant tolerance, favorable toxicity to warm-blooded animals and good environmental compatibility for the protection of plants and plant organs from biotic and abiotic stress factors, to increase emt yields, to improve the quality of the emetic and to control animal pests, in particular insects. Arachnids, helminths, in particular nematodes, and mollusks, which are found in agriculture, horticulture, livestock, aquaculture, forestry, gardens and recreational facilities, in the protection of materials and materials and in the hygiene sector.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Patentanmeldung ist der Begriff„Hygiene“ so zu verstehen, dass damit jegliche und alle Maßnahmen, Vorschriften und Verfahrensweisen gemeint sind, deren Ziel es ist, Krankheiten, insbesondere Infektionskrankheiten, zu verhindern, und die dazu dienen, die Gesundheit von Menschen und Tieren zu schützen und/oder die Umwelt zu schützen, und/oder die Sauberkeit aufrechterhalten. Erfindungsgemäß schließt dies insbesondere Maßnahmen zur Reinigung, Desinfektion und Sterilisation beispielsweise von Textilien oder harten Oberflächen, insbesondere Oberflächen aus Glas, Holz, Zement, Porzellan, Keramik, Kunststoff oder auch Metall(en) ein, um sicherzustellen, dass diese frei von Hygieneschädlingen und/oder ihren Ausscheidungen sind. Vorzugsweise ausgeschlossen vom Schutzbereich der Erfindung sind in dieser Hinsicht chirurgische oder therapeutische, auf den menschlichen Körper oder die Körper von Tieren anzuwendende Behandlungsvorschriften und diagnostische Vorschriften, die am menschlichen Körper oder den Körpern von Tieren durchgeführt werden. In the context of the present patent application, the term "hygiene" is to be understood as meaning any and all measures, rules and procedures whose purpose is to prevent diseases, in particular infectious diseases, and which serve to protect human health and to protect animals and / or protect the environment, and / or maintain cleanliness. According to the invention, this excludes in particular measures for cleaning, disinfecting and sterilizing, for example, textiles or hard surfaces, in particular surfaces Glass, wood, cement, porcelain, ceramics, plastic or even metal (s) to ensure that they are free of hygiene pests and / or their excreta. Preferably excluded from the scope of the invention in this regard are surgical or therapeutic treatment regimens to be applied to the human body or bodies of animals and diagnostic provisions made on the human body or bodies of animals.
Der Begriff„Hygienesektor“ deckt alle Gebiete, technischen Felder und industriellen Anwendungen ab, bei denen diese Hygienemaßnahmen, -Vorschriften und -Verfahrensweisen wichtig sind, zum Beispiel im Hinblick auf Hygiene in Küchen, Bäckereien, Flughäfen, Badezimmern, Schwimmbecken, Kaufhäusern, Hotels, Krankenhäusern, Ställen, Tierhaltungen usw. The term "hygiene sector" covers all areas, technical fields and industrial applications in which these hygiene measures, regulations and procedures are important, for example with regard to hygiene in kitchens, bakeries, airports, bathrooms, swimming pools, department stores, hotels, Hospitals, stables, animal husbandry etc.
Der Begriff„Hygieneschädling“ ist daher so zu verstehen, dass damit ein oder mehrere Tierschädlinge gemeint sind, deren Gegenwart im Hygienesektor problematisch ist, insbesondere aus Gesundheitsgründen. Es ist daher ein Hauptziel, das Vorhandensein von Hygieneschädlingen und/oder das Ausgesetztsein ihnen gegenüber im Hygienesektor zu vermeiden oder auf ein Mindestmaß zu begrenzen. Dies lässt sich insbesondere durch die Anwendung eines Pestizids erreichen, das sich sowohl zum Verhindern eines Befalls als auch zum Verhindern eines bereits vorhandenen Befalls einsetzen lässt. Man kann auch Zubereitungen verwenden, die eine Exposition gegenüber Schädlingen verhindern oder reduzieren. Hygieneschädlinge schließen zum Beispiel die unten erwähnten Organismen ein. The term "hygiene pest" is therefore to be understood as referring to one or more animal pests whose presence in the hygiene sector is problematic, especially for health reasons. It is therefore a major objective to avoid or minimize the presence of hygiene pests and / or exposure to them in the sanitary sector. This can be achieved in particular by the use of a pesticide, which can be used both to prevent infestation and to prevent an already existing infestation. It is also possible to use preparations which prevent or reduce exposure to pests. Hygiene pests include, for example, the organisms mentioned below.
Der Begriff „Hygieneschutz“ deckt somit alle Handlungen ab, mit denen diese Hygienemaßnahmen, -Vorschriften und -Verfahrensweisen aufrechterhalten und/oder verbessert werden. The term 'hygiene protection' thus covers all activities which maintain and / or improve those hygiene measures, rules and procedures.
Die Verbindungen der Formel (1) können vorzugsweise als Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel eingesetzt werden. Sie sind gegen normal sensible und resistente Arten sowie gegen alle oder einzelne Entwicklungsstadien wirksam. Zu den oben erwähnten Schädlingen gehören: The compounds of the formula (1) can preferably be used as pesticides. They are effective against normally sensitive and resistant species as well as against all or individual stages of development. The above mentioned pests include:
Schädlinge aus dem Stamm der Arthropoda, insbesondere aus der Klasse der Arachnida z. B. Acarus spp., z. B. Acarus siro, Aceria kuko, Aceria sheldoni, Aculops spp., Aculus spp., z. B. Aculus fockeui, Aculus schlechtendali, Amblyomma spp., Amphitetranychus viennensis, Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., z. B. Brevipalpus phoenicis, Bryobia graminum, Bryobia praetiosa, Centruroides spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermacentor spp., Eotetranychus spp., z. B. Eotetranychus hicoriae, Epitrimerus pyri, Eutetranychus spp., z. B. Eutetranychus banksi, Eriophyes spp., z. B. Eriophyes pyri, Glycyphagus domesticus, Halotydeus destructor, Hemitarsonemus spp., z. B. Hemitarsonemus latus (=Polyphagotarsonemus latus), Hyalomma spp., lxodes spp., Latrodectus spp., Loxosceles spp., Neutrombicula autumnalis, Nuphersa spp., Oligonychus spp., z. B. Oligonychus coffeae, Oligonychus coniferarum, Oligonychus ilicis, Oligonychus indicus, Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus pratensis, Oligonychus punicae, Oligonychus yothersi, Omithodorus spp., Omithonyssus spp., Panonychus spp., z. B. Panonychus citri (=Metatetranychus citri), Panonychus ulmi (=Metatetranychus ulmi), Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Platytetranychus multidigituli, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Scorpio maurus, Steneotarsonemus spp., Steneotarsonemus spinki, Tarsonemus spp., z. B. Tarsonemus confusus, Tarsonemus pallidus, Tetranychus spp., z. B. Tetranychus canadensis, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus turkestani, Tetranychus urticae, Trombicula alfreddugesi, Vaejovis spp., Vasates lycopersici; aus der Klasse der Chilopoda z. B. Geophilus spp., Scutigera spp.; aus der Ordnung oder der Klasse der Collembola z. B. Onychiurus armatus; Sminthurus viridis; aus der Klasse der Diplopoda z. B. Blaniulus guttulatus; aus der Klasse der Insecta, z. B. aus der Ordnung der Blattodea z. B. Blatta orientalis, Blattella asahinai, Blattella germanica, Leucophaea maderae, Loboptera decipiens, Neostylopyga rhombifolia, Panchlora spp., Parcoblatta spp., Periplaneta spp., z. B. Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta australasiae, Pycnoscelus surinamensis, Supella longipalpa; aus der Ordnung der Coleoptera z. B. Acalymma vittatum, Acanthoscelides obtectus, Adoretus spp., Aethina tumida, Agelastica alni, Agrilus spp., z. B. Agrilus planipennis, Agrilus coxalis, Agrilus bilineatus, Agrilus anxius, Agriotes spp., z. B. Agriotes linneatus, Agriotes mancus, Alphitobius diaperinus, Amphimallon solstitialis, Anobium punctatum, Anoplophora spp., z. B. Anoplophora glabripennis, Anthonomus spp., z. B. Anthonomus grandis, Anthrenus spp., Apion spp., Apogonia spp., Atomaria spp., z. B. Atomaria linearis, Attagenus spp., Baris caerulescens, Bruchidius obtectus, Bruchus spp., z. B. Bruchus pisorum, Bruchus rufimanus, Cassida spp., Cerotoma trifurcata, Ceutorrhynchus spp., z. B. Ceutorrhynchus assimilis, Ceutorrhynchus quadridens, Ceutorrhynchus rapae, Chaetocnema spp., z. B. Chaetocnema confmis, Chaetocnema denticulata, Chaetocnema ectypa, Cleonus mendicus, Conoderus spp., Cosmopolites spp., z. B. Cosmopolites sordidus, Costelytra zealandica, Ctenicera spp., Curculio spp., z. B. Curculio caryae, Curculio caryatrypes, Curculio obtusus, Curculio sayi, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Cryptolestes pusillus, Cryptorhynchus lapathi, Cryptorhynchus mangiferae, Cylindrocopturus spp., Cylindrocopturus adspersus, Cylindrocopturus fumissi, Dendroctonus spp., z. B. Dendroctonus ponderosae, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., z. B. Diabrotica balteata, Diabrotica barberi, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi, Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, Diabrotica virgifera zeae, Dichocrocis spp., Dicladispa armigera, Diloboderus spp., Epicaerus spp., Epilachna spp., z. B. Epilachna borealis, Epilachna varivestis, Epitrix spp., z. B. Epitrix cucumeris, Epitrix fuscula, Epitrix hirtipennis, Epitrix subcrinita, Epitrix tuberis, Faustinus spp., Gibbium psylloides, Gnathocerus comutus, Hellula undalis, Heteronychus arator, Heteronyx spp., Hylamorpha elegans, Hylotrupes bajulus, Hypera postica, Hypomeces squamosus, Hypothenemus spp., z. B. Hypothenemus hampei, Hypothenemus obscurus, Hypothenemus pubescens, Lachnostema consanguinea, Lasioderma serricome, Latheticus oryzae, Lathridius spp., Lema spp., Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Leucoptera spp., z. B. Leucoptera coffeella, Limonius ectypus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Listronotus (=Hyperodes) spp., Lixus spp., Luperodes spp., Luperomorpha xanthodera, Lyctus spp., Megacyllene spp., z. B. Megacyllene robiniae, Megascelis spp., Melanotus spp., z. B. Melanotus longulus oregonensis, Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha spp., z. B. Melolontha melolontha, Migdolus spp., Monochamus spp., Naupactus xanthographus, Necrobia spp., Neogalerucella spp., Niptus hololeucus, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Oryzaphagus oryzae, Otiorhynchus spp., z. B. Otiorhynchus cribricollis, Otiorhynchus ligustici, Otiorhynchus ovatus, Otiorhynchus rugosostriarus, Otiorhynchus sulcatus, Oulema spp., z. B. Oulema melanopus, Oulema oryzae, Oxycetonia jucunda, Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllophaga spp., Phyllophaga helleri, Phyllotreta spp., z. B. Phyllotreta armoraciae, Phyllotreta pusilla, Phyllotreta ramosa, Phyllotreta striolata, Popillia japonica, Premnotrypes spp., Prostephanus truncatus, Psylliodes spp., z. B. Psylliodes affinis, Psylliodes chrysocephala, Psylliodes punctulata, Ptinus spp., Rhizobius ventralis, Rhizopertha dominica, Rhynchophorus spp., Rhynchophoms ferrugineus, Rhynchophoms palmarum, Scolytus spp., z. B. Scolytus multistriatus, Sinoxylon perforans, Sitophilus spp., z. B. Sitophilus granarius, Sitophilus linearis, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, Sphenophorus spp., Stegobium paniceum, Stemechus spp., z. B. Stemechus paludatus, Symphyletes spp., Tanymecus spp., z. B. Tanymecus dilaticollis, Tanymecus indicus, Tanymecus palliatus, Tenebrio molitor, Tenebrioides mauretanicus, Tribolium spp., z. B. Tribolium audax, Tribolium castaneum, Tribolium confusum, Trogoderma spp., Tychius spp., Xylotrechus spp., Zabrus spp., z. B. Zabrus tenebrioides; aus der Ordnung der Dermaptera z. B. Anisolabis maritime, Forficula auricularia, Labidura riparia; aus der Ordnung der Diptera z. B. Aedes spp., z. B. Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes sticticus, Aedes vexans, Agromyza spp., z. B. Agromyza frontella, Agromyza parvicomis, Anastrepha spp., Anopheles spp., z. B. Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Anopheles gambiae, Asphondylia spp., Bactrocera spp., z. B. Bactrocera cucurbitae, Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera oleae, Bibio hortulanus, Calliphora erythrocephala, Calliphora vicina, Ceratitis capitata, Chironomus spp., Chrysomya spp., Chrysops spp., Chrysozona pluvialis, Cochliomya spp., Contarinia spp., z. B. Contarinia johnsoni, Contarinia nasturtii, Contarinia pyrivora, Contarinia schulzi, Contarinia sorghicola, Contarinia tritici, Cordylobia anthropophaga, Cricotopus sylvestris, Culex spp., z. B. Culex pipiens, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culicoides spp., Culiseta spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus oleae, Dasineura spp., z. B. Dasineura brassicae, Delia spp., z. B. Delia antiqua, Delia coarctata, Delia florilega, Delia platura, Delia radicum, Dermatobia hominis, Drosophila spp., z. B. Drosphila melanogaster, Drosophila suzukii, Echinocnemus spp., Euleia heraclei, Fannia spp., Gasterophilus spp., Glossina spp., Haematopota spp., Hydrellia spp., Hydrellia griseola, Hylemya spp., Hippobosca spp., Hypoderma spp., Liriomyza spp., z. B. Liriomyza brassicae, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae, Lucilia spp., z. B. Lucilia cuprina, Lutzomyia spp., Mansonia spp., Musca spp., z. B. Musca domestica, Musca domestica vicina, Oestrus spp., Oscinella frit, Paratanytarsus spp., Paralauterbomiella subcincta, Pegomya oder Pegomyia spp., z. B. Pegomya betae, Pegomya hyoscyami, Pegomya rubivora, Phlebotomus spp., Phorbia spp., Phormia spp., Piophila casei, Platyparea poeciloptera, Prodiplosis spp., Psila rosae, Rhagoletis spp., z. B. Rhagoletis cingulata, Rhagoletis completa, Rhagoletis fausta, Rhagoletis indifferens, Rhagoletis mendax, Rhagoletis pomonella, Sarcophaga spp., Simulium spp., z. B. Simulium meridionale, Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tetanops spp., Tipula spp., z. B. Tipula paludosa, Tipula simplex, Toxotrypana curvicauda; aus der Ordnung der Hemiptera z. B. Acizzia acaciaebaileyanae, Acizzia dodonaeae, Acizzia uncatoides, Acrida turrita, Acyrthosipon spp., z. B. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Acrogonia spp., Aeneolamia spp., Agonoscena spp., Aleurocanthus spp., Aleyrodes proletella, Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Allocaridara malayensis, Amrasca spp., z. B. Amrasca bigutulla, Amrasca devastans, Anuraphis cardui, Aonidiella spp., z. B. Aonidiella aurantii, Aonidiella citrina, Aonidiella inomata, Aphanostigma piri, Aphis spp., z. B. Aphis citricola, Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis forbesi, Aphis glycines, Aphis gossypii, Aphis hederae, Aphis illinoisensis, Aphis middletoni, Aphis nasturtii, Aphis nerii, Aphis pomi, Aphis spiraecola, Aphis vibumiphila, Arboridia apicalis, Arytainilla spp., Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., z. B. Aspidiotus nerii, Atanus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia tabaci, Blastopsylla occidentalis, Boreioglycaspis melaleucae, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Brachycolus spp., Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp., z. B. Cacopsylla pyricola, Calligypona marginata, Capulinia spp., Cameocephala fulgida, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Cercopidae, Ceroplastes spp., Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Chionaspis tegalensis, Chlorita onukii, Chondracris rosea, Chromaphis juglandicola, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Chrysomphalus ficus, Cicadulina mbila, Coccomytilus hal , Coccus spp., z. B. Coccus hesperidum, Coccus longulus, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum, Coccus viridis, Cryptomyzus ribis, Cryptoneossa spp., Ctenarytaina spp., Dalbulus spp., Dialeurodes chittendeni, Dialeurodes citri, Diaphorina citri, Diaspis spp., Diuraphis spp., Doralis spp., Drosicha spp., Dysaphis spp., z. B. Dysaphis apiifolia, Dysaphis plantaginea, Dysaphis tulipae, Dysmicoccus spp., Empoasca spp., z. B. Empoasca abrupta, Empoasca fabae, Empoasca maligna, Empoasca solana, Empoasca stevensi, Eriosoma spp., z. B. Eriosoma americanum, Eriosoma lanigerum, Eriosoma pyricola, Erythroneura spp., Eucalyptolyma spp., Euphyllura spp., Euscelis bilobatus, Ferrisia spp., Fiorinia spp., Furcaspis oceanica, Geococcus coffeae, Glycaspis spp., Heteropsylla cubana, Heteropsylla spinulosa, Homalodisca coagulata, Hyalopterus arundinis, Hyalopterus pruni, Icerya spp., z. B. Icerya purchasi, Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., Laodelphax striatellus, Lecanium spp., z. B. Lecanium comi (=Parthenolecanium comi), Lepidosaphes spp., z. B. Lepidosaphes ulmi, Lipaphis erysimi, Lopholeucaspis japonica, Lycorma delicatula, Macrosiphum spp., z. B. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Macrosiphum lilii, Macrosiphum rosae, Macrosteies facifrons, Mahanarva spp., Melanaphis sacchari, Metcalfiella spp., Metcalfa pruinosa, Metopolophium dirhodum, Monellia costalis, Monelliopsis pecanis, Myzus spp., z. B. Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus cerasi, Myzus ligustri, Myzus omatus, Myzus persicae, Myzus nicotianae, Nasonovia ribisnigri, Neomaskellia spp., Nephotettix spp., z. B. Nephotettix cincticeps, Nephotettix nigropictus, Nettigoniclla spectra, Nilaparvata lugens, Oncometopia spp., Orthezia praelonga, Oxya chinensis, Pachypsylla spp., Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza spp., z. B. Paratrioza cockerelli, Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus spp., z. B. Pemphigus bursarius, Pemphigus populivenae, Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella spp., Phenacoccus spp., z. B. Phenacoccus madeirensis, Phloeomyzus passerinii, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp., z. B. Phylloxera devastatrix, Phylloxera notabilis, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Planococcus spp., z. B. Planococcus citri, Prosopidopsylla flava, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Pseudococcus spp., z. B. Pseudococcus calceolariae, Pseudococcus comstocki, Pseudococcus longispinus, Pseudococcus maritimus, Pseudococcus vibumi, Psyllopsis spp., Psylla spp., z. B. Psylla buxi, Psylla mali, Psylla pyri, Pteromalus spp., Pulvinaria spp., Pyrilla spp., Quadraspidiotus spp., z. B. Quadraspidiotus juglansregiae, Quadraspidiotus ostreaeformis, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus, Quesada gigas, Rastrococcus spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., z. B. Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum oxyacanthae, Rhopalosiphum padi, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale, Saissetia spp., z. B. Saissetia coffeae, Saissetia miranda, Saissetia neglecta, Saissetia oleae, Scaphoideus titanus, Schizaphis graminum, Selenaspidus articulatus, Sipha flava, Sitobion avenae, Sogata spp., Sogatella furcifera, Sogatodes spp., Stictocephala festina, Siphoninus phillyreae, Tenalaphara malayensis, Tetragonocephela spp., Tinocallis caryaefoliae, Tomaspis spp., Toxoptera spp., z. B. Toxoptera aurantii, Toxoptera citricidus, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Trioza spp., z. B. Trioza diospyri, Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp., Viteus vitifolii, Zygina spp.; aus der Unterordnung der Heteroptera z. B. Aelia spp., Anasa tristis, Antestiopsis spp., Boisea spp., Blissus spp., Calocoris spp., Campylomma livida, Cavelerius spp., Cimex spp., z. B. Cimex adjunctus, Cimex hemipterus, Cimex lectularius, Cimex pilosellus, Collaria spp., Creontiades dilutus, Dasynus piperis, Dichelops furcatus, Diconocoris hewetti, Dysdercus spp., Euschistus spp., z. B. Euschistus heros, Euschistus servus, Euschistus tristigmus, Euschistus variolarius, Eurydema spp., Eurygaster spp., Halyomorpha halys, Heliopeltis spp., Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Leptocorisa varicomis, Leptoglossus occidentalis, Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lygocoris spp., z. B. Lygocoris pabulinus, Lygus spp., z. B. Lygus elisus, Lygus hesperus, Lygus lineolaris, Macropes excavatus, Megacopta cribraria, Miridae, Monalonion atratum, Nezara spp., z. B. Nezara viridula, Nysius spp., Oebalus spp., Pentomidae, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp., z. B. Piezodorus guildinii, Psallus spp., Pseudacysta persea, Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scaptocoris castanea, Scotinophora spp., Stephanitis nashi, Tibraca spp., Triatoma spp.; aus der Ordnung der Hymenoptera z. B. Acromyrmex spp., Athalia spp., z. B. Athalia rosae, Atta spp., Camponotus spp., Dolichovespula spp., Diprion spp., z. B. Diprion similis, Hoplocampa spp., z. B. Hoplocampa cookei, Hoplocampa testudinea, Lasius spp., Linepithema (Iridiomyrmex) humile, Monomorium pharaonis, Paratrechina spp., Paravespula spp., Plagiolepis spp., Sirex spp., z. B. Sirex noctilio, Solenopsis invicta, Tapinoma spp., Technomyrmex albipes, Uroceras spp., Vespa spp., z. B. Vespa crabro, Wasmannia auropunctata, Xeris spp.; aus der Ordnung der Isopoda z. B. Armadillidium vulgare, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber; aus der Ordnung der Isoptera z. B. Coptotermes spp., z. B. Coptotermes formosanus, Comitermes cumulans, Cryptotermes spp., Incisitermes spp., Kalotermes spp., Microtermes obesi, Nasutitermis spp., Odontotermes spp., Porotermes spp., Reticulitermes spp., z. B. Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes hesperus; aus der Ordnung der Lepidoptera z. B. Achroia grisella, Acronicta major, Adoxophyes spp., z. B. Adoxophyes orana, Aedia leucomelas, Agrotis spp., z. B. Agrotis segetum, Agrotis ipsilon, Alabama spp., z. B. Alabama argillacea, Amyelois transitella, Anarsia spp., Anticarsia spp., z. B. Anticarsia gemmatalis, Argyroploce spp., Autographa spp., Barathra brassicae, Blastodacna atra, Borbo cinnara, Bucculatrix thurberiella, Bupalus piniarius, Busseola spp., Cacoecia spp., Caloptilia theivora, Capua reticulana, Carpocapsa pomonella, Carposina niponensis, Cheimatobia brumata, Chilo spp., z. B. Chilo plejadellus, Chilo suppressalis, Choreutis pariana, Choristoneura spp., Chrysodeixis chalcites, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocerus spp., Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cnephasia spp., Conopomorpha spp., Conotrachelus spp., Copitarsia spp., Cydia spp., z. B. Cydia nigricana, Cydia pomonella, Dalaca noctuides, Diaphania spp., Diparopsis spp., Diatraea saccharalis, Dioryctria spp., z. B. Dioryctria zimmermani, Earias spp., Ecdytolopha aurantium, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp., z. B. Ephestia elutella, Ephestia kuehniella, Epinotia spp., Epiphyas postvittana, Erannis spp., Erschoviella musculana, Etiella spp., Eudocima spp., Eulia spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis spp., z. B. Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Euxoa spp., Feltia spp., Galleria mellonella, Gracillaria spp., Grapholitha spp., z. B. Grapholita molesta, Grapholita prunivora, Hedylepta spp., Helicoverpa spp., z. B. Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Heliothis spp., z. B. Heliothis virescens , Hofmannophila pseudospretella, Homoeosoma spp., Homona spp., Hyponomeuta padella, Kakivoria flavofasciata, Lampides spp., Laphygma spp., Laspeyresia molesta, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoptera spp., z. B. Leucoptera coffeella, Lithocolletis spp., z. B. Lithocolletis blancardella, Lithophane antennata, Lobesia spp., z. B. Lobesia botrana, Loxagrotis albicosta, Lymantria spp., z. B. Lymantria dispar, Lyonetia spp., z. B. Lyonetia clerkella, Malacosoma neustria, Maruca testulalis, Mamestra brassicae, Melanitis leda, Mocis spp., Monopis obviella, Mythimna separata, Nemapogon cloacellus, Nymphula spp., Oiketicus spp., Omphisa spp., Operophtera spp., Oria spp., Orthaga spp., Ostrinia spp., z. B. Ostrinia nubilalis, Panolis flammea, Pamara spp., Pectinophora spp., z. B. Pectinophora gossypiella, Perileucoptera spp., Phthorimaea spp., z. B. Phthorimaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Phyllonorycter spp., z. B. Phyllonorycter blancardella, Phyllonorycter crataegella, Pieris spp., z. B. Pieris rapae, Platynota stultana, Plodia interpunctella, Plusia spp., Plutella xylostella (=Plutella maculipennis), Podesia spp., z. B. Podesia syringae, Prays spp., Prodenia spp., Protoparce spp., Pseudaletia spp., z. B. Pseudaletia unipuncta, Pseudoplusia includens, Pyrausta nubilalis, Rachiplusia nu, Schoenobius spp., z. B. Schoenobius bipunctifer, Scirpophaga spp., z. B. Scirpophaga innotata, Scotia segetum, Sesamia spp., z. B. Sesamia inferens, Sparganothis spp., Spodoptera spp., z. B. Spodoptera eradiana, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera praefica, Stathmopoda spp., Stenoma spp., Stomopteryx subsecivella, Synanthedon spp., Tecia solanivora, Thaumetopoea spp., Thermesia gemmatalis, Tinea cloacella, Tinea pellionella, Tineola bisselliella, Tortrix spp., Trichophaga tapetzella, Trichoplusia spp., z. B. Trichoplusia ni, Tryporyza incertulas, Tuta absoluta, Virachola spp.; aus der Ordnung der Orthoptera oder Saltatoria z. B. Acheta domesticus, Dichroplus spp., Gryllotalpa spp., z. B. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, Hieroglyphus spp., Locusta spp., z. B. Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus spp., z. B. Melanoplus devastator, Paratlanticus ussuriensis, Schistocerca gregaria; aus der Ordnung der Phthiraptera z. B. Damalinia spp., Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Phylloxera vastatrix, Phthirus pubis, Trichodectes spp.; aus der Ordnung der Psocoptera z. B. Lepinotus spp., Liposcelis spp.; aus der Ordnung der Siphonaptera z. B. Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp., z. B. Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans, Xenopsylla cheopis; aus der Ordnung der Thysanoptera z. B. Anaphothrips obscurus, Baliothrips biformis, Chaetanaphothrips leeuweni, Drepanothrips reuteri, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp., z. B. Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella tritici, Frankliniella vaccinii, Frankliniella williamsi, Haplothrips spp., Heliothrips spp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Kakothrips spp., Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp., Taeniothrips cardamomi, Thrips spp., z. B. Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci; aus der Ordnung der Zygentoma (= Thysanura), z. B. Ctenolepisma spp., Lepisma saccharina, Lepismodes inquilinus, Thermobia domestica; aus der Klasse der Symphyla z. B. Scutigerella spp., z. B. Scutigerella immaculata; Pests from the strain of Arthropoda, in particular from the class of Arachnida z. Acarus spp., E.g. Acarus siro, Aceria kuko, Aceria sheldoni, Aculops spp., Aculus spp., E.g. Aculus fockeui, Aculus badendali, Amblyomma spp., Amphitetranychus viennensis, Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., E.g. B. Brevipalpus phenicis, Bryobia graminum, Bryobia praetiosa, Centruroides spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermacentor spp., Eotetranychus spp. Eotetranychus hicoriae, Epitrimerus pyri, Eutetranychus spp., E.g. Eutetranychus banksi, Eriophyes spp., E.g. B. Eriophyes pyri, Glycyphagus domesticus, Halotydeus destructor, Hemitarsonemus spp., Z. B. Hemitarsonemus latus (= Polyphagotarsonemus latus), Hyalomma spp., Lxodes spp., Latrodectus spp., Loxosceles spp., Neutrombicula autumnalis, Nuphersa spp., Oligonychus spp., Z. Oligonychus coffeae, Oligonychus coniferarum, Oligonychus ilicis, Oligonychus indicus, Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus pratensis, Oligonychus punicae, Oligonychus yothersi, Omithodorus spp., Omithonyssus spp., Panonychus spp., Z. Panonychus citri (= Metatetranychus citri), Panonychus ulmi (= Metatetranychus ulmi), Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Platytetranychus multidigituli, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp., Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Scorpio maurus, Steneotarsonemus spp. Steneotarsonemus spinki, Tarsonemus spp. Tarsonemus confusus, Tarsonemus pallidus, Tetranychus spp., E.g. Tetranychus canadensis, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus turkestani, Tetranychus urticae, Trombicula alfreddugesi, Vaejovis spp., Vasates lycopersici; from the class of Chilopoda z. Geophilus spp., Scutigera spp .; from the order or class of Collembola z. B. Onychiurus armatus; Sminthurus viridis; from the class of Diplopoda z. B. Blaniulus guttulatus; from the class of the Insecta, z. B. from the order of Blattodea z. Blatta orientalis, Blattella asahinai, Blattella germanica, Leucophaea maderae, Loboptera decipiens, Neostylopyga rhombifolia, Panchlora spp., Parcoblatta spp., Periplaneta spp., E.g. Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta australasiae, Pycnoscelus surinamensis, Supella longipalpa; from the order of Coleoptera z. Acalymma vittatum, Acanthoscelides obtectus, Adoretus spp., Aethina tumida, Agelastica alni, Agrilus spp., E.g. Agrilus planipennis, Agrilus coxalis, Agrilus bilineatus, Agrilus anxius, Agriotes spp., E.g. B. Agriotes linneatus, Agriotes mancus, Alphitobius diaperinus, Amphimallon solstitialis, Anobium punctatum, Anoplophora spp., Z. B. Anoplophora glabripennis, Anthonomus spp., Z. Anthonomus grandis, Anthrenus spp., Apion spp., Apogonia spp., Atomaria spp., E.g. Eg Atomaria linearis, Attagenus spp., Baris caerulescens, Bruchidius obtectus, Bruchus spp., E.g. Bruchus pisorum, Bruchus rufimanus, Cassida spp., Cerotoma trifurcata, Ceutorrhynchus spp. Ceutorrhynchus assimilis, Ceutorrhynchus quadridens, Ceutorrhynchus rapae, Chaetocnema spp., E.g. Chaetocnema confmis, Chaetocnema denticulata, Chaetocnema ectypa, Cleonus mendicus, Conoderus spp., Cosmopolites spp., E.g. Cosmopolites sordidus, Costelytra zealandica, Ctenicera spp., Curculio spp., E.g. B. Curculio caryae, Curculio caryatrypes, Curculio obtusus, Curculio sayi, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Cryptolestes pusillus, Cryptorhynchus lapathi, Cryptorhynchus mangiferae, Cylindrocopturus spp., Cylindrocopturus adspersus, Cylindrocopturus fumissi, Dendroctonus spp., Z. Dendroctonus ponderosae, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., E.g. Diabrotica balteata, Diabrotica barberi, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi, Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, Diabrotica virgifera zeae, Dichocrocis spp., Dicladispa armigera, Diloboderus spp., Epicaerus spp., Epilachna spp., E.g. Epilachna borealis, Epilachna varivestis, Epitrix spp., E.g. Epitrix cucumeris, Epitrix fuscula, Epitrix hirtipennis, Epitrix subcrinita, Epitrix tuberis, Faustinus spp., Gibbium psylloides, Gnathocerus comutus, Hellula and alis, Heteronychus arator, Heteronyx spp., Hylamorpha elegans, Hylotrupes bajulus, Hypera postica, Hypomeces squamosus, Hypothenemus spp. z. Hypothenemus hampei, Hypothenemus obscurus, Hypothenemus pubescens, Lachnostema consanguinea, Lasioderma serricome, Latheticus oryzae, Lathridius spp., Lema spp., Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Leucoptera spp., E.g. Luperoptera spp., Luperodes spp., Luperomorpha xanthodera, Lyctus spp., Megacyllene spp., E.g. Megacyllene robiniae, Megascelis spp., Melanotus spp., E.g. Melanotus longulus oregonensis, Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha spp., E.g. Melolontha melolontha, Migdolus spp., Monochamus spp., Naupactus xanthographus, Necrobia spp., Neogalerucella spp., Niptus hololeucus, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Oryzaphagus oryzae, Otiorhynchus spp., E.g. Otiorhynchus cribricollis, Otiorhynchus ligustici, Otiorhynchus ovatus, Otiorhynchus rugosostriarus, Otiorhynchus sulcatus, Oulema spp., E.g. Oulema melanopus, Oulema oryzae, Oxycetonia jucunda, Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllophaga spp., Phyllophaga helleri, Phyllotreta spp., E.g. Phyllotreta armoraciae, Phyllotreta pusilla, Phyllotreta ramosa, Phyllotreta striolata, Popillia japonica, Premnotrypes spp., Prostephanus truncatus, Psylliodes spp., E.g. Psylliodes affinis, Psylliodes chrysocephala, Psylliodes punctulata, Ptinus spp., Rhizobius ventralis, Rhizopertha dominica, Rhynchophorus spp., Rhynchophoms ferruginus, Rhynchophoms palmarum, Scolytus spp., Z. Scolytus multistriatus, Sinoxylon perforans, Sitophilus spp., E.g. Sitophilus granarius, Sitophilus linearis, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, Sphenophorus spp., Stegobium paniceum, Stemechus spp., E.g. Stemechus paludatus, Symphyletes spp., Tanymecus spp., E.g. Tanymecus dilaticollis, Tanymecus indicus, Tanymecus palliatus, Tenebrio molitor, Tenebrioides mauretanicus, Tribolium spp., E.g. Tribolium audax, Tribolium castaneum, Tribolium confusum, Trogoderma spp., Tychius spp., Xylotrechus spp., Zabrus spp., E.g. Zabrus tenebrioides; from the order of Dermaptera z. B. Anisolabis maritime, Forficula auricularia, Labidura riparia; from the order of Diptera z. B. Aedes spp., Z. Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes sticticus, Aedes vexans, Agromyza spp., E.g. Agromyza frontella, Agromyza parvicomis, Anastrepha spp., Anopheles spp., E.g. Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Anopheles gambiae, Asphondylia spp., Bactrocera spp., E.g. Bactrocera cucurbitae, Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera oleae, Bibio hortulanus, Calliphora erythrocephala, Calliphora vicina, Ceratitis capitata, Chironomus spp., Chrysomya spp., Chrysops spp., Chrysozona pluvialis, Cochliomya spp., Contarinia spp., E.g. Contarinia johnsoni, Contarina nasturtii, Contarina pyrivora, Contarinia schulzi, Contarina sorghicola, Contarinia tritici, Cordylobia anthropophaga, Cricotopus sylvestris, Culex spp. Culex pipiens, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culicoides spp., Culiseta spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus oleae, Dasineura spp., E.g. B. Dasineura brassicae, Delia spp. Delia antiqua, Delia coarctata, Delia florilega, Delia platura, Delia radicum, Dermatobia hominis, Drosophila spp., E.g. Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila suzukii, Echinocnemus spp., Euleia heraclei, Fannia spp., Gasterophilus spp., Glossina spp., Haematopota spp., Hydrellia spp., Hydrellia griseola, Hylemya spp., Hippobosca spp., Hypoderma spp. Liriomyza spp., E.g. Liriomyza brassicae, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae, Lucilia spp., E.g. Lucilia cuprina, Lutzomyia spp., Mansonia spp., Musca spp. Musca domestica, Musca domestica vicina, Oestrus spp., Oscinella frit, Paratanytarsus spp., Paralauterbomiella subcincta, Pegomya or Pegomyia spp., E.g. Pegomya betae, Pegomya hyoscyami, Pegomya rubivora, Phlebotomus spp., Phorbia spp., Phormia spp., Piophila casei, Platyparea poeciloptera, Prodiplosis spp., Psila rosae, Rhagoletis spp., E.g. Rhagoletis cingulata, Rhagoletis completa, Rhagoletis fausta, Rhagoletis indifferens, Rhagoletis mendax, Rhagoletis pomonella, Sarcophaga spp., Simulium spp., E.g. B. Simulium meridionale, Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tetanops spp., Tipula spp., Z. B. Tipula paludosa, Tipula simplex, Toxotrypana curvicauda; from the order of Hemiptera z. Acizzia acaciaebaileyanae, Acizzia dodonaeae, Acizzia uncatoides, Acrida turrita, Acyrthosipon spp., E.g. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Acrogonia spp., Aeneolamia spp., Agonoscena spp., Aleurocanthus spp., Aleyrodes proletella, Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Allocaridara malayensis, Amrasca spp., E.g. Amrasca bigutulla, Amrasca devastans, Anuraphis cardui, Aonidiella spp. Aonidiella aurantii, Aonidiella citrina, Aonidiella inomata, Aphanostigma piri, Aphis spp., E.g. Aphis citricola, Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis forbesi, Aphis glycines, Aphis gossypii, Aphis hederae, Aphis illinoisensis, Aphis middletoni, Aphis nasturtii, Aphis nerii, Aphis pomi, Aphis spiraecola, Aphis vibumiphila, Arboridia apicalis, Arytainilla spp. , Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., E.g. Aspidiotus nerii, Atanus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia tabaci, Blastopsylla occidentalis, Boreioglycaspis melaleucae, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Brachycolus spp., Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp., E.g. B. Cacopsylla pyricola, Calligypona marginata, Capulinia spp., Cameocephala fulgida, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Cercopidae, Ceroplastes spp., Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Chionaspis tegalensis, Chlorita onukii, Chondracris rosea, Chromaphis juglandicola, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Chrysomphalus ficus, Cicadulina mbila, Coccomytilus hal , Coccus spp., Z. Coccus hesperidum, Coccus longulus, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum, Coccus viridis, Cryptomyzus ribis, Cryptoneossa spp., Ctenarytaina spp., Dalbulus spp., Dialeurodes chittendeni, Dialeurodes citri, Diaphorina citri, Diaspis spp., Diuraphis spp., Doralis spp. Drosicha spp., Dysaphis spp., Z. Dysaphis apiifolia, Dysaphis plantaginea, Dysaphis tulipae, Dysmicoccus spp., Empoasca spp., E.g. Empaasca abrupta, Empoasca fabae, Empoasca maligna, Empoasca solana, Empoasca stevensi, Eriosoma spp. Eriosoma americanum, Eriosoma lanigerum, Eriosoma pyricola, Erythroneura spp., Eucalyptolyma spp., Euphyllura spp., Euscelis bilobatus, Ferrisia spp., Fiorinia spp., Furcaspis oceanica, Geococcus coffeae, Glycaspis spp., Heteropsylla cubana, Heteropsylla spinulosa, Homalodisca coagulata, Hyalopterus arundinis, Hyalopterus pruni, Icerya spp., E.g. Icerya purchasi, Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., Laodelphax striatellus, Lecanium spp., E.g. B. Lecanium comi (= Parthenolecanium comi), Lepidosaphes spp., Z. Lepidosaphes ulmi, Lipaphis erysimi, Lopholeucaspis japonica, Lycorma delicatula, Macrosiphum spp., E.g. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Macrosiphum lilii, Macrosiphum rosae, Macrosteies facifrons, Mahanarva spp., Melanaphis sacchari, Metcalfiella spp., Metcalfa pruinosa, Metopolophium dirhodum, Monellia costalis, Monelliopsis pecanis, Myzus spp., E.g. Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus cerasi, Myzus ligustri, Myzus omatus, Myzus persicae, Myzus nicotianae, Nasonovia ribisnigri, Neomaskellia spp., Nephotettix spp., e.g. Nephotettix cincticeps, Nephotettix nigropictus, Nettigoniclla spectra, Nilaparvata lugens, Oncometopia spp., Orthezia praelonga, Oxya chinensis, Pachypsylla spp., Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza spp., E.g. Paratrioza cockerelli, Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus spp., E.g. B. Pemphigus bursarius, Pemphigus populivenae, Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella spp., Phenacoccus spp., Z. Phenacoccus madeirensis, Phloeomyzus passerinii, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp., E.g. Phylloxera devastatrix, Phylloxera notabilis, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Planococcus spp., E.g. B. Planococcus citri, Prosopidopsylla flava, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Pseudococcus spp., Z. Pseudococcus calceolariae, Pseudococcus comstocki, Pseudococcus longispinus, Pseudococcus maritimus, Pseudococcus vibumi, Psyllopsis spp., Psylla spp., E.g. Psylla buxi, Psylla mali, Psylla pyri, Pteromalus spp., Pulvinaria spp., Pyrilla spp., Quadraspidiotus spp., E.g. Quadraspidiotus juglansregiae, Quadraspidiotus ostreaeformis, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus, Quesada gigas, Rastrococcus spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., E.g. Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum oxyacanthae, Rhopalosiphum padi, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominal, Saissetia spp., E.g. Saissetia coffeae, Saissetia miranda, Saissetia neglecta, Saissetia oleae, Scaphoidus titanus, Schizaphis graminum, Selenaspidus articulatus, Sipha flava, Sitobion avenae, Sogata spp., Sogatella furcifera, Sogatodes spp., Stictocephala festina, Siphoninus phillyreae, Tenalaphara malayensis, Tetragonocephela spp., Tinocallis caryaefoliae, Tomaspis spp., Toxoptera spp., e.g. Toxoptera aurantii, Toxoptera citricidus, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Trioza spp., E.g. Trioza diospyri, Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp., Viteus vitifolii, Zygina spp .; from the subordination of Heteroptera z. Aelia spp., Anasa tristis, Antestiopsis spp., Boisea spp., Blissus spp., Calocoris spp., Campylomma livida, Cavelerius spp., Cimex spp., E.g. Cimex adjunctus, Cimex hemipterus, Cimex lectularius, Cimex pilosellus, Collaria spp., Creontiades dilutus, Dasynus piperis, Dichelops furcatus, Diconocoris hewetti, Dysdercus spp., Euschistus spp., E.g. Eustistus heros, Euschistus servus, Eustistus tristigmus, Euschistus variolarius, Eurydema spp., Eurygaster spp., Halyomorpha halys, Heliopeltis spp., Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Leptocorisa varicomis, Leptoglossus occidentalis, Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lygocoris spp , Lygocoris pabulinus, Lygus spp., E.g. B. Lygus elisus, Lygus hesperus, Lygus lineolaris, Macropes excavatus, Megacopta cribraria, Miridae, Monalonion atratum, Nezara spp., Z. Nezara viridula, Nysius spp., Oebalus spp., Pentomidae, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp., E.g. Pseudacysta persea, Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scaptocoris castanea, Scotinophora spp., Stephanitis nashi, Tibraca spp., Triatoma spp .; from the order of Hymenoptera z. Acromyrmex spp., Athalia spp., E.g. B. Athalia rosae, Atta spp., Camponotus spp., Dolichovespula spp., Diprion spp., Z. B. Diprion similis, Hoplocampa spp., Z. Hoplocampa cookei, Hoplocampa testudinea, Lasius spp., Linepithema (Iridiomyrmex) humile, Monomorium pharaonis, Paratrechina spp., Paravespula spp., Plagiolepis spp., Sirex spp., E.g. B. Sirex noctilio, Solenopsis invicta, Tapinoma spp., Technomyrmex albipes, Uroceras spp., Vespa spp., e.g. Vespa crabro, Wasmannia auropunctata, Xeris spp .; from the order of Isopoda z. Armadillidium vulgare, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber; from the order of Isoptera z. B. Coptotermes spp., Z. Coptotermes formosanus, Comitermes cumulans, Cryptotermes spp., Incisitermes spp., Kalotermes spp., Microtermes obesi, Nasutitermis spp., Odontotermes spp., Porotermes spp., Reticulitermes spp., E.g. B. Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes hesperus; from the order of Lepidoptera z. Achroia grisella, Acronica major, Adoxophyes spp., E.g. Adoxophytes orana, Aedia leucomelas, Agrotis spp., E.g. B. Agrotis segetum, Agrotis ipsilon, Alabama spp., Z. Alabama argillacea, Amyelois transitella, Anarsia spp., Anticarsia spp., E.g. Anticarsia gemmatalis, Argyroploce spp., Autographa spp., Barathra brassicae, Blastodacna atra, Borbo cinnara, Bucculatrix thurberiella, Bupalus piniarius, Busseola spp., Cacoecia spp., Caloptilia theivora, Capua reticulana, Carpocapsa pomonella, Carposina niponensis, Cheimatobia brumata , Chilo spp., Z. Chilo plejadellus, Chilo suppressalis, Choreutis pariana, Choristoneura spp., Chrysodixis chalcites, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocerus spp., Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cnephasia spp., Conopomorpha spp., Conotrachelus spp., Copitarsia spp., Cydia spp., E.g. Cydia nigricana, Cydia pomonella, Dalaca noctuides, Diaphania spp., Diparopsis spp., Diatraea saccharalis, Dioryctria spp., E.g. B. Dioryctria zimmermani, Earias spp., Ecdytolopha aurantium, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp., E.g. Ephestia elutella, Ephestia kuehniella, Epinotia spp., Epiphyas postvittana, Erannis spp., Efoviella musculana, Etiella spp., Eudocima spp., Eulia spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis spp., E.g. Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Euxoa spp., Feltia spp., Galleria mellonella, Gracillaria spp., Grapholitha spp., E.g. B. Grapholita molesta, Grapholita prunivora, Hedylepta spp., Helicoverpa spp., Z. Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Heliothis spp. Homo. Spp., Hyponomeuta padella, Kakivoria flavofasciata, Lampides spp., Laphygma spp., Laspeyresia molesta, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoptera spp., E.g. B. Leucoptera coffeella, Lithocolletis spp., Z. B. Lithocolletis blancardella, Lithophane antennata, Lobesia spp., Z. Lobesia botrana, Loxagrotis albicosta, Lymantria spp., E.g. B. Lymantria dispar, Lyonetia spp., Z. B. Lyonetia clerkella, Malacosoma neustria, Maruca testulalis, Mamestra brassicae, Melanitis leda, Mocis spp., Monopis obviella, Mythimna separata, Nemapogon cloacellus, Nymphula spp., Oiketicus spp., Omphisa spp., Operophtera spp., Oria spp. Orthaga spp., Ostrinia spp. Ostrinia nubilalis, Panolis flammea, Pamara spp., Pectinophora spp., E.g. B. Pectinophora gossypiella, Perileucoptera spp., Phthorimaea spp., Z. Phthorimaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Phyllonorycter spp., E.g. Phyllonorycter blancardella, Phyllonorycter crataegella, Pieris spp., E.g. Pieris rapae, Platynota stultana, Plodia interpunctella, Plusia spp., Plutella xylostella (= Plutella maculipennis), Podesia spp., E.g. Podesia syringae, Prays spp., Prodenia spp., Protoparce spp., Pseudaletia spp., E.g. B. pseudaletia unipuncta, Pseudoplusia includens, Pyrausta nubilalis, Rachiplusia nu, Schoenobius spp., e.g. Schoenobius bipunctifer, Scirpophaga spp., E.g. Scirpophaga innotata, Scotia segetum, Sesamia spp., E.g. Sesamia inferens, Sparganothis spp., Spodoptera spp., E.g. Spodoptera eradiana, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera praefica, Stathmopoda spp., Stenoma spp., Stomopteryx subsecivella, Synanthedon spp., Tecia solanivora, Thaumetopoea spp., Thermesia gemmatalis, Tinea cloacella, Tinea pellionella, Tineola bisselliella, Tortrix spp ., Trichophaga tapetzella, Trichoplusia spp. Trichoplusia ni, Tryporyza incertulas, Tuta absoluta, Virachola spp .; from the order of Orthoptera or Saltatoria z. B. Acheta domesticus, Dichroplus spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Z. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, Hieroglyphus spp., Locusta spp., E.g. Locusta migratoria, melanoplus spp., E.g. Melanoplus devastator, Paratlanticus ussuriensis, Schistocerca gregaria; from the order of Phthiraptera z. Damalinia spp., Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Phylloxera vastatrix, Phthirus pubis, Trichodectes spp .; from the order of Psocoptera z. Lepinotus spp., Liposcelis spp .; from the order of Siphonaptera z. Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp., E.g. Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans, Xenopsylla cheopis; from the order of Thysanoptera z. B. Anaphothrips obscurus, Baliothrips biformis, Chaetanaphothrips leeuweni, Drepanothrips reuteri, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp. Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella tritici, Frankliniella vaccinii, Frankliniella williamsi, Haplothrips spp., Heliothrips spp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Kakothrips spp., Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp., Taeniothrips cardamomi, Thrips spp , B. Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci; from the order of Zygentoma (= Thysanura), z. Ctenolepisma spp., Lepisma saccharina, Lepismodes inquilinus, Thermobia domestica; from the class of Symphyla z. B. Scutigerella spp., Z. B. Scutigerella immaculata;
Schädlinge aus dem Stamm der Mollusca, z. B. aus der Klasse der Bivalvia, z. B. Dreissena spp.; sowie aus der Klasse der Gastropoda z. B. Arion spp., z. B. Arion ater rufus, Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., z. B. Deroceras laeve, Galba spp., Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania spp., Pomacea spp., Succinea spp.; Pests of the strain of Mollusca, z. B. from the class of Bivalvia, z. B. Dreissena spp .; and from the class of Gastropoda z. B. Arion spp., Z. B. Arion ater rufus, Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Z. B. Deroceras laeve, Galba spp., Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania spp., Pomacea spp., Succinea spp .;
Pflanzenschädlinge aus dem Stamm der Nematoda, d. h. pflanzenparasitäre Nematoden, insbesondere Aglenchus spp., z. B. Aglenchus agricola, Anguina spp., z. B. Anguina tritici, Aphelenchoides spp., z. B. Aphelenchoides arachidis, Aphelenchoides fragariae, Belonolaimus spp., z. B. Belonolaimus gracilis, Belonolaimus longicaudatus, Belonolaimus nortoni, Bursaphelenchus spp., z. B. Bursaphelenchus cocophilus, Bursaphelenchus eremus, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Cacopaurus spp., z. B. Cacopaurus pestis, Criconemella spp., z. B. Criconemella curvata, Criconemella onoensis, Criconemella omata, Criconemella rusium, Criconemella xenoplax (= Mesocriconema xenoplax), Criconemoides spp., z. B. Criconemoides ferniae, Criconemoides onoense, Criconemoides omatum, Ditylenchus spp., z. B. Ditylenchus dipsaci, Dolichodorus spp., Globodera spp., z. B. Globodera pallida, Globodera rostochiensis, Helicotylenchus spp., z. B. Helicotylenchus dihystera, Hemicriconemoides spp., Hemicycliophora spp., Heterodera spp., z. B. Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Hirschmaniella spp., Hoplolaimus spp., Longidorus spp., z. B. Longidorus africanus, Meloidogyne spp., z. B. Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne fallax, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloinema spp., Nacobbus spp., Neotylenchus spp., Paralongidorus spp., Paraphelenchus spp., Paratrichodorus spp., z. B. Paratrichodorus minor, Paratylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., z. B. Pratylenchus penetrans, Pseudohalenchus spp., Psilenchus spp., Punctodera spp., Quinisulcius spp., Radopholus spp., z. B. Radopholus citrophilus, Radopholus similis, Rotylenchulus spp., Rotylenchus spp., Scutellonema spp., Subanguina spp., Trichodorus spp., z. B. Trichodorus obtusus, Trichodorus primitivus, Tylenchorhynchus spp., z. B. Tylenchorhynchus annulatus, Tylenchulus spp., z. B. Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Xiphinema spp., z. B. Xiphinema index. Plant pests from the strain of Nematoda, ie plant parasitic nematodes, in particular Aglenchus spp., Z. Aglenchus agricola, Anguina spp., E.g. Anguina tritici, Aphelenchoides spp., E.g. Aphelenchoides arachidis, Aphelenchoides fragariae, Belonolaimus spp., E.g. Belonolaimus gracilis, Belonolaimus longicaudatus, Belonolaimus nortoni, Bursaphelenchus spp. Bursaphelenchus cocophilus, Bursaphelenchus eremus, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Cacopaurus spp., E.g. Cacopaurus pestis, Criconemella spp., E.g. Criconemella curvata, Criconemella onoensis, Criconemella omata, Criconemella rusium, Criconemella xenoplax (= Mesocriconema xenoplax), Criconemoides spp., E.g. Criconemoides ferniae, Criconemoides onoense, Criconemoides omatum, Ditylenchus spp., E.g. Ditylenchus dipsaci, Dolichodorus spp., Globodera spp., E.g. B. Globodera pallida, Globodera rostochiensis, Helicotylenchus spp., Z. Helicotylenchus dihystera, Hemicriconemoides spp., Hemicycliophora spp., Heterodera spp., E.g. Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Hirschmaniella spp., Hoplolaimus spp., Longidorus spp., E.g. Longidorus africanus, Meloidogyne spp., E.g. Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne fallax, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloinema spp., Nacobbus spp., Neotylenchus spp., Paralongidorus spp., Paraphelenchus spp., Paratrichodorus spp., E.g. Paratrichodorus minor, Paratylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., E.g. Pratylenchus penetrans, Pseudohalenchus spp., Psilenchus spp., Punctodera spp., Quinisulcius spp., Radopholus spp., E.g. Radopholus citrophilus, Radopholus similis, Rotylenchulus spp., Rotylenchus spp., Scutellonema spp., Subanguina spp., Trichodorus spp., E.g. Trichodorus obtusus, Trichodorus primitivus, Tylenchorhynchus spp., E.g. Tylenchorhynchus annulatus, Tylenchulus spp., E.g. B. Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Xiphinema spp., Z. B. Xiphinema index.
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) können gegebenenfalls in bestimmten Konzentrationen bzw. Aufwandmengen auch als Herbizide, Safener, Wachstumsregulatoren oder Mittel zur Verbesserung der Pflanzeneigenschaften, als Mikrobizide oder Gametozide, beispielsweise als Fungizide, Antimykotika, Bakterizide, Virizide (einschließlich Mittel gegen Viroide) oder als Mittel gegen MLO (Mycoplasma- like-organism) und RLO (Rickettsia-like-organism) verwendet werden. Sie lassen sich gegebenenfalls auch als Zwischen- oder Vorprodukte für die Synthese weiterer Wirkstoffe einsetzen. The compounds of the formula (I) may optionally also be used in certain concentrations or application rates as herbicides, safeners, growth regulators or agents for improving plant properties, as microbicides or gametocides, for example as fungicides, antimycotics, bactericides, viricides (including anti-viral agents) or as a remedy for MLO (Mycoplasma-like-organism) and RLO (Rickettsia-like-organism). If appropriate, they can also be used as intermediates or precursors for the synthesis of further active ingredients.
Formulierungen formulations
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin Formulierungen und daraus bereitete Anwendungsformen als Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel wie z. B. Drench-, Drip- und Spritzbrühen, umfassend mindestens eine Verbindung der Formel (1). Gegebenenfalls enthalten die Anwendungsformen weitere Schädlingsbekämpfungsmitel und/oder die Wirkung verbessernde Adjuvantien wie Penetrationsförderer, z. B. pflanzliche Öle wie beispielsweise Rapsöl, Sonnenblumenöl, Mineralöle wie beispielsweise Paraffinöle, Alkylester pflanzlicher Fetsäuren wie beispielsweise Rapsöl- oder Sojaölmethylester oder Alkanol-alkoxylate und/oder Spreitmitel wie beispielsweise Alkylsiloxane und/oder Salze, z. B. organische oder anorganische Ammonium- oder Phosphoniumsalze wie beispielsweise Ammoniumsulfat oder Diammonium-hydrogenphosphat und/oder die Retention fördernde Mitel wie z. B. Dioctylsulfosuccinat oder Hydroxypropyl-guar-Polymere und/oder Humectants wie z. B. Glycerin und/oder Dünger wie beispielsweise Ammonium, Kalium oder Phosphor enthaltende Dünger. The present invention further relates to formulations and application forms prepared therefrom as pesticides such. B. drench, drip and spray, comprising at least one compound of formula (1). Optionally, the uses include other pest control agents and / or effect enhancing adjuvants such as penetration enhancers, e.g. As vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, mineral oils such as paraffin oils, alkyl esters of vegetable fatty acids such as rapeseed oil or soybean oil or alkanol alkoxylates and / or Spreitmitel such as alkyl siloxanes and / or salts, eg. As organic or inorganic ammonium or phosphonium salts such as ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate and / or retention promoting Mitel such. As dioctylsulfosuccinate or hydroxypropyl guar polymers and / or Humectants such. As glycerol and / or fertilizers such as ammonium, potassium or phosphorus-containing fertilizer.
Übliche Formulierungen sind beispielsweise wasserlösliche Flüssigkeiten (SL), Emulsionskonzentrate (EC), Emulsionen in Wasser (EW), Suspensionskonzentrate (SC, SE, FS, OD), in Wasser dispergierbare Granulate (WG), Granulate (GR) und Kapselkonzentrate (CS); diese und weitere mögliche Formuliertypen sind beispielsweise durch Crop Life International und in Pesticide Specifications, Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pesticides, FAO Plant Production and Protection Papers - 173, prepared by the FAO/WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide Specifications, 2004, ISBN: 9251048576 beschrieben. Gegebenenfalls enthalten die Formulierungen neben einer oder mehreren Verbindungen der Formel (I) weitere agrochemische Wirkstoffe. Typical formulations are, for example, water-soluble liquids (SL), emulsion concentrates (EC), emulsions in water (EW), suspension concentrates (SC, SE, FS, OD), water-dispersible granules (WG), granules (GR) and capsule concentrates (CS). ; These and other possible formulation types are described, for example, by Crop Life International and in Pesticide Specifications, Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides, FAO Plant Production and Protection Papers - 173, prepared by the FAO / WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide Specifications, 2004, ISBN: 9251048576. If appropriate, the formulations contain, in addition to one or more compounds of the formula (I), further agrochemical active substances.
Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um Formulierungen oder Anwendungsformen, welche Hilfsstoffe wie beispielsweise Streckmittel, Lösemittel, Spontanitätsförderer, Trägerstoffe, Emulgiermittel, Dispergiermittel, Frostschutzmittel, Biozide, Verdicker und/oder weitere Hilfsstoffe wie beispielsweise Adjuvantien enthalten. Ein Adjuvant in diesem Kontext ist eine Komponente, die die biologische Wirkung der Formulierung verbessert, ohne dass die Komponente selbst eine biologische Wirkung hat. Beispiele für Adjuvantien sind Mittel, die die Retention, das Spreitverhalten, das Anhaften an der Blattoberfläche oder die Penetration fördern. They are preferably formulations or use forms which contain auxiliaries, such as extenders, solvents, spontaneity promoters, carriers, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreeze agents, biocides, thickeners and / or further auxiliaries, for example adjuvants. An adjuvant in this context is a component that enhances the biological effect of the formulation without the component itself having a biological effect. Examples of adjuvants are agents that promote retention, spreading behavior, adherence to the leaf surface, or penetration.
Diese Formulierungen werden in bekannter Weise hergestellt, z. B. durch Vermischen der Verbindungen der Formel (1) mit Hilfsstoffen wie beispielsweise Streckmitteln, Lösemitteln und/oder festen Trägerstoffen und/oder weiteren Hilfsstoffen wie beispielsweise oberflächenaktiven Stoffen. Die Herstellung der Formulierungen erfolgt entweder in geeigneten Anlagen oder auch vor oder während der Anwendung. These formulations are prepared in a known manner, for. Example by mixing the compounds of formula (1) with excipients such as extenders, solvents and / or solid carriers and / or other excipients such as surfactants. The preparation of the formulations is carried out either in suitable systems or before or during use.
Als Hilfsstoffe können solche Stoffe Verwendung finden, die geeignet sind, der Formulierung der Verbindungen der Formel (I) oder den aus diesen Formulierungen bereiteten Anwendungsformen (wie z. B. gebrauchsfähigen Schädlingsbekämpfungsmitteln wie Spritzbrühen oder Saatgutbeizen) besondere Eigenschaften, wie bestimmte physikalische, technische und/oder biologische Eigenschaften zu verleihen. Excipients which can be used are those which are suitable for imparting special properties to the formulation of the compounds of the formula (I) or the use forms prepared from these formulations (such as, for example, usable pesticides such as spray mixtures or seed dressing), such as certain physical, technical and / or to confer biological properties.
Als Streckmittel eignen sich z. B. Wasser, polare und unpolare organische chemische Flüssigkeiten z. B. aus den Klassen der aromatischen und nicht-aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffe (wie Paraffine, Alkylbenzole, Alkylnaphthaline, Chlorbenzole), der Alkohole und Polyole (die ggf. auch substituiert, verethert und/oder verestert sein können), der Ketone (wie Aceton, Cyclohexanon), der Ester (auch Fette und Öle) und (Poly-)Ether, der einfachen und substituierten Amine, Amide, Lactame (wie N- Alkylpyrrolidone) und Lactone, der Sulfone und Sulfoxide (wie Dimethylsulfoxid), der Carbonate und der Nitrile. Im Falle der Benutzung von Wasser als Streckmittel können z. B. auch organische Lösemittel als Hilfslösemittel verwendet werden. Als flüssige Lösemittel kommen im Wesentlichen infrage: Aromaten wie Xylol, Toluol oder Alkylnaphthaline, chlorierte Aromaten oder chlorierte aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Chlorbenzole, Chlorethylene oder Methylenchlorid, aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Cyclohexan oder Paraffine, z. B. Erdölfraktionen, mineralische und pflanzliche Öle, Alkohole wie Butanol oder Glykol sowie deren Ether und Ester, Ketone wie Aceton, Methylethylketon, Methylisobutylketon oder Cyclohexanon, stark polare Lösemittel wie Dimethylformamid oder Dimethylsulfoxid, Carbonate wie Propylencarbonat, Butylencarbonat, Diethylcarbonat oder Dibutylcarbonat, oder Nitrile wie Acetonitril oder Propannitril. Suitable extenders z. As water, polar and nonpolar organic chemical liquids such. B. from the classes of aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (such as paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chlorobenzenes), alcohols and polyols (which may also be substituted, etherified and / or esterified), the ketones (such as acetone, cyclohexanone ), esters (including fats and oils) and (poly) ethers, simple and substituted amines, amides, lactams (such as N-alkylpyrrolidones) and lactones, sulfones and sulfoxides (such as dimethylsulfoxide), carbonates and nitriles. In the case of using water as an extender z. As well as organic solvents can be used as an auxiliary solvent. Suitable liquid solvents are essentially: aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, eg. As petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols such as butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strong polar solvents such as dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonates such as propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate or dibutyl carbonate, or nitriles such as acetonitrile or propanenitrile.
Grundsätzlich können alle geeigneten Lösemittel verwendet werden. Geeignete Lösemittel sind beispielsweise aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe wie z. B. Xylol, Toluol oder Alkylnaphthaline, chlorierte aromatische oder chlorierte aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe wie z. B. Chlorbenzol, Chlorethylen, oder Methylenchlorid, aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe wie z. B. Cyclohexan, Paraffine, Erdölfraktionen, mineralische und pflanzliche Öle, Alkohole wie z. B. Methanol, Ethanol, iso-Propanol, Butanol oder Glykol sowie deren Ether und Ester, Ketone wie z. B. Aceton, Methylethylketon, Methylisobutylketon oder Cyclohexanon, stark polare Lösemittel wie Dimethylsulfoxid, Carbonate wie Propylencarbonat, Butylencarbonat, Diethylcarbonat oder Dibutylcarbonat, Nitrile wie Acetonitril oder Propannitril, sowie Wasser. In principle, all suitable solvents can be used. Suitable solvents are, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such. As xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatic or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such. As chlorobenzene, chloroethylene, or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such. As cyclohexane, paraffins, petroleum fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols such. As methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, ketones such. As acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strong polar solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, carbonates such as propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate or dibutyl carbonate, nitriles such as acetonitrile or propanenitrile, and water.
Grundsätzlich können alle geeigneten Trägerstoffe eingesetzt werden. Als Trägerstoffe kommen insbesondere infrage: z. B. Ammoniumsalze und natürliche Gesteinsmehle wie Kaoline, Tonerden, Talkum, Kreide, Quarz, Attapulgit, Montmorillonit oder Diatomeenerde und synthetische Gesteinsmehle, wie hochdisperse Kieselsäure, Aluminiumoxid und natürliche oder synthetische Silikate, Harze, Wachse und/oder feste Düngemittel. Mischungen solcher Trägerstoffe können ebenfalls verwendet werden. Als Trägerstoffe für Granulate kommen infrage: z. B. gebrochene und fraktionierte natürliche Gesteine wie Calcit, Marmor, Bims, Sepiolith, Dolomit sowie synthetische Granulate aus anorganischen und organischen Mehlen sowie Granulate aus organischem Material wie Sägemehl, Papier, Kokosnussschalen, Maiskolben und Tabakstängel. In principle, all suitable carriers can be used. As carriers are in particular question: z. For example, ammonium salts and natural minerals such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth and synthetic minerals such as finely divided silica, alumina and natural or synthetic silicates, resins, waxes and / or solid fertilizers. Mixtures of such carriers can also be used. Suitable carriers for granules are: z. As broken and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic flours and granules of organic material such as sawdust, paper, coconut shells, corncobs and tobacco stems.
Auch verflüssigte gasförmige Streckmittel oder Lösemittel können eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere eignen sich solche Streckmittel oder Trägerstoffe, welche bei normaler Temperatur und unter Normaldruck gasförmig sind, z. B. Aerosol-Treibgase wie Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe sowie Butan, Propan, Stickstoff und Kohlendioxid. Also, liquefied gaseous diluents or solvents can be used. In particular, are such extenders or carriers which are gaseous at normal temperature and under atmospheric pressure, for. As aerosol propellants such as halogenated hydrocarbons and butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
Beispiele für Emulgier- und/oder Schaum erzeugende Mittel, Dispergiermittel oder Benetzungsmittel mit ionischen oder nicht-ionischen Eigenschaften oder Mischungen dieser oberflächenaktiven Stoffe sind Salze von Polyacrylsäure, Salze von Lignosulfonsäure, Salze von Phenolsulfonsäure oder Naphthalinsulfonsäure, Polykondensate von Ethylenoxid mit Fettalkoholen oder mit Fettsäuren oder mit Fettaminen, mit substituierten Phenolen (vorzugsweise Alkylphenole oder Arylphenole), Salze von Sulfobemsteinsäureestem, Taurinderivate (vorzugsweise Alkyltaurate), Isethionatderivate, Phosphorsäureester von polyethoxylierten Alkoholen oder Phenolen, Fettsäureester von Polyolen und Derivate der Verbindungen enthaltend Sulfate, Sulfonate und Phosphate, z. B. Alkylarylpolyglycolether, Alkylsulfonate, Alkylsulfate, Arylsulfonate, Eiweißhydrolysate, Lignin-Sulfitablaugen und Methylcellulose. Die Anwesenheit einer oberflächenaktiven Substanz ist vorteilhaft, wenn eine der Verbindungen der Formel (I) und/oder einer der inerten Trägerstoffe nicht in Wasser löslich ist und wenn die Anwendung in Wasser erfolgt. Examples of emulsifying and / or foaming agents, dispersants or wetting agents with ionic or non-ionic properties or mixtures of these surfactants are salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulfonic acid, salts of phenolsulfonic acid or Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or with fatty acids or with fatty amines, with substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols), salts of sulfosuccinic esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), isethionate derivatives, phosphoric acid esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyols and derivatives of the compounds containing sulfates, sulfonates and phosphates, e.g. As alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, arylsulfonates, protein hydrolysates, lignin-Sulphatablaugen and methylcellulose. The presence of a surfactant is advantageous when one of the compounds of formula (I) and / or one of the inert carriers is not soluble in water and when applied in water.
Als weitere Hilfsstoffe können in den Formulierungen und den daraus abgeleiteten Anwendungsformen Farbstoffe wie anorganische Pigmente, z. B. Eisenoxid, Titanoxid, Ferrocyanblau und organische Farbstoffe wie Alizarin-, Azo- und Metallphthalocyaninfarbstoffe und Nähr- und Spurennährstoffe wie Salze von Eisen, Mangan, Bor, Kupfer, Kobalt, Molybdän und Zink vorhanden sein. As further auxiliaries can in the formulations and the applications derived therefrom dyes such as inorganic pigments, eg. For example, iron oxide, titanium oxide, ferrocyan blue and organic dyes such as alizarin, azo and Metallphthalocyaninfarbstoffe and nutrient and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc may be present.
Weiterhin enthalten sein können Stabilisatoren wie Kältestabilisatoren, Konservierungsmittel, Oxidationsschutzmittel, Lichtschutzmittel oder andere die chemische und/oder physikalische Stabilität verbessernde Mittel. Weiterhin enthalten sein können schaumerzeugende Mittel oder Entschäumer. Stabilizers such as cold stabilizers, preservatives, antioxidants, light stabilizers or other chemical and / or physical stability-improving agents may also be present. It may also contain foam-forming agents or defoamers.
Ferner können die Formulierungen und daraus abgeleiteten Anwendungsformen als zusätzliche Hilfsstoffe auch Haftmittel wie Carboxymethylcellulose, natürliche und synthetische pulverige, körnige oder latexförmige Polymere enthalten wie Gummiarabikum, Polyvinylalkohol, Polyvinylacetat sowie natürliche Phospholipide wie Kephaline und Lecithine und synthetische Phospholipide. Weitere Hilfsstoffe können mineralische und pflanzliche Öle sein. In addition, the formulations and the use forms derived therefrom may also contain, as additional auxiliaries, adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose, natural and synthetic powdery, granular or latex-containing polymers such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholipids. Other auxiliaries may be mineral and vegetable oils.
Gegebenenfalls können noch weitere Hilfsstoffe in den Formulierungen und den daraus abgeleiteten Anwendungsformen enthalten sein. Solche Zusatzstoffe sind beispielsweise Duftstoffe, schützende Kolloide, Bindemittel, Klebstoffe, Verdicker, thixotrope Stoffe, Penetrationsförderer, Retentionsförderer, Stabilisatoren, Sequestiermittel, Komplexbildner, Feuchthaltemittel, Spreitmittel lm Allgemeinen können die Verbindungen der Formel (1) mit jedem festen oder flüssigen Zusatzstoff, welcher für Formulierungszwecke gewöhnlich verwendet wird, kombiniert werden. Optionally, further auxiliaries may be present in the formulations and in the use forms derived therefrom. Such additives include, for example, fragrances, protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, retention promoters, stabilizers, sequestrants, chelants, humectants, spreading agents. In general, the compounds of formula (1) may be combined with any solid or liquid additive which may be used Formulation is usually used combined.
Als Retentionsförderer kommen alle diejenigen Substanzen in Betracht, die die dynamische Oberflächenspannung verringern wie beispielsweise Dioctylsulfosuccinat oder die die Visko-Elastizität erhöhen wie beispielsweise Hydroxypropyl-guar-Polymere. As retention promoters are all those substances which reduce the dynamic surface tension such as dioctylsulfosuccinate or increase the visco-elasticity such as hydroxypropyl guar polymers.
Als Penetrationsförderer kommen im vorliegenden Zusammenhang alle diejenigen Substanzen in Be tracht, die üblicherweise eingesetzt werden, um das Eindringen von agrochemischen Wirkstoffen in Pflanzen zu verbessern. Penetrationsförderer werden in diesem Zusammenhang dadurch definiert, dass sie aus der (in der Regel wässerigen) Applikationsbrühe und/oder aus dem Spritzbelag in die Kutikula der Pflanze eindringen und dadurch die Beweglichkeit der Wirkstoffe in der Kutikula erhöhen können. Die in der Literatur (Baur et al., 1997, Pesticide Science 51, 131-152) beschriebene Methode kann zur Bestimmung dieser Eigenschaft eingesetzt werden. Beispielhaft werden genannt Alkoholalkoxylate wie beispielsweise Kokosfettethoxylat (10) oder Isotridecylethoxylat (12), Fettsäureester wie beispielsweise Rapsöl- oder Sojaölmethylester, Fettaminalkoxylate wie beispielsweise Tallowamine-ethoxylat (15) oder Ammonium- und/oder Phosphonium-Salze wie beispielsweise Ammoniumsulfat oder Diammonium-hydrogenphosphat. In the present context, all those substances which are conventionally used to improve the penetration of agrochemical active substances into plants come into consideration as penetration promoters. Penetration promoters are defined in this context by the fact that they can penetrate from the (usually watery) application broth and / or from the spray coating into the cuticle of the plant and thereby increase the mobility of the active ingredients in the cuticle. The method described in the literature (Baur et al., 1997, Pesticide Science 51, 131-152) can be used to determine this property. Examples include alcohol alkoxylates such as coconut oil ethoxylate (10) or isotridecyl ethoxylate (12), fatty acid esters such as rapeseed oil or soybean oil, Fettaminalkoxylate such as tallowamine ethoxylate (15) or ammonium and / or phosphonium salts such as ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate.
Die Formulierungen enthalten bevorzugt zwischen 0,00000001 und 98 Gew.-% der Verbindung der Formel (I), besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,01 und 95 Gew.-% der Verbindung der Formel (I), ganz besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,5 und 90 Gew.-% der Verbindung der Formel (I), bezogen auf das Gewicht der Formulierung. The formulations preferably contain between 0.00000001 and 98 wt .-% of the compound of formula (I), more preferably between 0.01 and 95 wt .-% of the compound of formula (I), most preferably between 0.5 and 90% by weight of the compound of formula (I), based on the weight of the formulation.
Der Gehalt an der Verbindung der Formel (I) in den aus den Formulierungen bereiteten Anwendungsformen (insbesondere Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel) kann in weiten Bereichen variieren. Die Konzentration der Verbindung der Formel (I) in den Anwendungsformen kann üblicherweise zwischen 0,00000001 und 95 Gew.-% der Verbindung der Formel (I), vorzugsweise zwischen 0,00001 und 1 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Anwendungsform, liegen. Die Anwendung geschieht in einer den Anwendungsformen angepassten üblichen Weise. The content of the compound of the formula (I) in the forms of application prepared from the formulations (in particular pesticides) can vary within wide ranges. The concentration of the compound of the formula (I) in the use forms may usually be between 0.00000001 and 95% by weight of the compound of the formula (I), preferably between 0.00001 and 1% by weight, based on the weight of the application form , lie. The application is done in a custom forms adapted to the application forms.
Mischungen mixtures
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) können auch in Mischung mit einem oder mehreren geeigneten Fungiziden, Bakteriziden, Akariziden, Molluskiziden, Nematiziden, Insektiziden, Mikrobiologika, Nützlingen, Herbiziden, Düngemitteln, Vogelrepellentien, Phytotonics, Sterilantien, Safenern, Semiochemicals und/oder Pflanzenwachstumsregulatoren verwendet werden, um so z. B. das Wirkungsspektrum zu verbreitern, die Wirkdauer zu verlängern, die Wirkgeschwindigkeit zu steigern, Repellenz zu verhindern oder Resistenzentwicklungen vorzubeugen. Des Weiteren können solche Wirkstoffkombinationen das Pflanzenwachstum und/oder die Toleranz gegenüber abiotischen Faktoren wie z. B. hohen oder niedrigen Temperaturen, gegen Trockenheit oder gegen erhöhten Wasser- bzw. Bodensalzgehalt verbessern. Auch lässt sich das Blüh- und Fruchtverhalten verbessern, die Keimfähigkeit und Bewurzelung optimieren, die Ernte erleichtern und Emteertrag steigern, die Reife beeinflussen, die Qualität und/oder der Emährungswert der Emteprodukte steigern, die Lagerfähigkeit verlängern und/oder die Bearbeitbarkeit der Emteprodukte verbessern. The compounds of formula (I) may also be used in admixture with one or more suitable fungicides, bactericides, acaricides, molluscicides, nematicides, insecticides, microbiologicals, beneficials, herbicides, fertilizers, avian repellents, phytotonics, sterilants, safeners, semiochemicals and / or plant growth regulators be so z. B. to broaden the spectrum of action, to extend the duration of action, to increase the rate of action, to prevent repellence or to prevent development of resistance. Furthermore, such drug combinations, plant growth and / or tolerance to abiotic factors such. As high or low temperatures, improve against dryness or increased water or Bodensalzgehalt. In addition, flowering and fruiting behavior can be improved, germination and rooting can be improved, harvest can be improved and yields increased, maturity can be increased, quality and / or nutritional value of emmentaries increased, shelf life extended and / or machinability improved.
Weiterhin können die Verbindungen der Formel (I) in Mischung mit weiteren Wirkstoffen oder Semiochemicals, wie Lockstoffen und/oder Vogelrepellentien und/oder Pflanzenaktivatoren und/oder Wachstumsregulatoren und/oder Düngemitteln vorliegen. Gleichfalls können die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zur Verbesserung der Pflanzeneigenschaften wie zum Beispiel Wuchs, Ertrag und Qualität des Emtegutes eingesetzt werden. Furthermore, the compounds of the formula (I) may be present in admixture with other active substances or semiochemicals such as attractants and / or avian repellents and / or plant activators and / or growth regulators and / or fertilizers. Likewise, the compounds of Formula (I) for improving the plant properties such as growth, yield and quality of Emtegutes be used.
In einer besonderen erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform liegen die Verbindungen der Formel (I) in Formulierungen bzw. in den aus diesen Formulierungen bereiteten Anwendungsformen in Mischung mit weiteren Verbindungen vor, vorzugsweise solchen wie nachstehend beschrieben. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the compounds of the formula (I) are present in formulations or in the formulations prepared from these formulations in admixture with other compounds, preferably those as described below.
Wenn eine der im Folgenden genannten Verbindungen in verschiedenen tautomeren Formen Vorkommen kann, sind auch diese Formen mit umfasst, auch wenn sie sie nicht in jedem Fall explizit genannt wurden. Alle genannten Mischungspartner können außerdem, wenn sie auf Grund ihrer funktionellen Gruppen dazu imstande sind, gegebenenfalls mit geeigneten Basen oder Säuren Salze bilden. If one of the following compounds can exist in different tautomeric forms, these forms are also included, although they were not explicitly mentioned in each case. In addition, if they are capable of doing so on the basis of their functional groups, all said mixing partners can optionally form salts with suitable bases or acids.
Insektizide/Akarizide/Nematizide Insecticides / acaricides / nematicides
Die hier mit ihrem„Common Name“ genannten Wirkstoffe sind bekannt und beispielsweise im Pestizidhandbuch („The Pesticide Manual“ l6th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2012) beschrieben oder im Internet recherchierbar (z. B. http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides). Die Klassifizierung basiert auf dem zum Zeitpunkt der Einreichung dieser Patentanmeldung gültigen IRAC Mode of Action Classification Scheme. The active substances mentioned here by their "common name" are known and described, for example, in the Pesticide Handbook ("The Pesticide Manual" 16 th ed., British Crop Protection Council 2012) or searchable on the Internet (eg http: //www.alanwood. net / pesticides). The classification is based on the IRAC Mode of Action Classification Scheme valid at the time of filing this patent application.
(1) Acetylcholinesterase(AChE)-Inhibitoren, vorzugsweise Carbamate ausgewählt aus Alanycarb, Aldicarb, Bendiocarb, Benfuracarb, Butocarboxim, Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Ethiofencarb, Fenobucarb, Formetanate, Furathiocarb, Isoprocarb, Methiocarb, Methomyl, Metolcarb, Oxamyl, Pirimicarb, Propoxur, Thiodicarb, Thiofanox, Triazamate, Trimethacarb, XMC und Xylylcarb, oder Organophosphate ausgewählt aus Acephat, Azamethiphos, Azinphos-ethyl, Azinphos- methyl, Cadusafos, Chlorethoxyfos, Chlorfenvinphos, Chlormephos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl, Coumaphos, Cyanophos, Demeton-S-methyl, Diazinon, Dichlorvos/DDVP, Dicrotophos, Dimethoat, Dimethylvinphos, Disulfoton, EPN, Ethion, Ethoprophos, Famphur, Fenamiphos, Fenitrothion, Fenthion, Fosthiazat, Heptenophos, Imicyafos, Isofenphos, Isopropyl-0-(methoxyaminothio- phosphoryl)salicylat, Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion-methyl, Phenthoat, Phorat, Phosalon, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Phoxim, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Triclorfon und Vamidothion. (1) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, preferably carbamates selected from alanycarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxime, butoxycarboxime, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, Pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC and xylylcarb, or organophosphates selected from acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cadusafos, chloroethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chloroforms, chlorpyrifos-methyl, coumaphos, cyanophos, demeton S-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos / DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, disulfone, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthione, fosthiazate, heptenophos, imicyafos, isofenphos, isopropyl-0- (methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl) salicylate , Isoxathione, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methamidophos, Methidathione, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion-methyl, Phe nthoate, Phorat, Phosalon, Phosmet, Phosphamidone, Phoxim, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Triclorfon and Vamidothion.
(2) GABA-gesteuerte Chlorid-Kanal-B locker, vorzugsweise Cyclodien-organochlorine ausgewählt aus Chlordan und Endosulfan, oder Phenylpyrazole (Fiprole) ausgewählt aus Ethiprol und Fipronil. (3) Natrium-Kanal-Modulatoren, vorzugsweise Pyrethroide ausgewählt aus Acrinathrin, Allethrin, d-cis- trans-Allethrin, d-trans-Allethrin, Bifenthrin, Bioallethrin, Bioallethrin-S-cyclopentenyl-Isomer, Bioresmethrin, Cycloprothrin, Cyfluthrin, beta-Cyfluthrin, Cyhalothrin, lambda-Cyhalothrin, gamma- Cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin, alpha-Cypermethrin, beta-Cypermethrin, theta-Cypermethrin, zeta- Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin [(lR)-trans-Isomer], Deltamethrin, Empenthrin [(EZ)-(lR)-Isomer], Esfenvalerat, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerat, Flucythrinat, Flumethrin, tau-Fluvalinat, Halfenprox, Imiprothrin, Kadethrin, Momfluorothrin, Permethrin, Phenothrin [(lR)-trans-Isomer], Prallethrin, Pyrethrine (pyrethrum), Resmethrin, Silafluofen, Tefluthrin, Tetramethrin, Tetramethrin [(lR)-Isomer], Tralomethrin und Transfluthrin, oder DDT oder Methoxychlor. (2) GABA-controlled chloride channel B loosely, preferably cyclodiene organochlorines selected from chlordane and endosulfan, or phenylpyrazoles (fiproles) selected from ethiprole and fipronil. (3) Sodium channel modulators, preferably pyrethroids selected from acrinathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans-allethrin, d-trans-allethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin-S-cyclopentenyl isomer, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta Cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin [(lR) -trans isomer], deltamethrin, empenthrin [(EZ) (lR) isomer], esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, halfenprox, imiprothrin, kadethrin, momfluorothrin, permethrin, phenothrin [(lR) -trans isomer], prallethrin, pyrethrin (pyrethrum) , Resmethrin, silafluofen, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tetramethrin [(lR) isomer], tralomethrin and transfluthrin, or DDT or methoxychlor.
(4) Kompetitive Modulatoren des nicotinischen Acetylcholin-Rezeptors (nAChR), vorzugsweise Neonicotinoide ausgewählt aus Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid und Thiamethoxam, oder Nicotin, oder Sufoximine ausgewählt aus Sulfoxaflor, oder Butenolide ausgewählt aus Flupyradifurone. (4) Competitive modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), preferably neonicotinoids selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam, or nicotine, or sufoximines selected from sulfoxaflor, or butenolides selected from flupyradifurone.
(5) Allosterische Modulatoren des nicotinischen Acetylcholin-Rezeptors (nAChR), vorzugsweise Spinosyne ausgewählt aus Spinetoram und Spinosad. (5) Allosteric modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), preferably spinosyns selected from spinetoram and spinosad.
(6) Allosterische Modulatoren des Glutamat-abhängigen Chloridkanals (GluCl), vorzugsweise Avermectine/Milbemycine ausgewählt aus Abamectin, Emamectin-benzoat, Lepimectin und Milbemectin. (6) allosteric modulators of the glutamate-dependent chloride channel (GluCl), preferably avermectins / milbemycins selected from abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin.
(7) Juvenilhormon-Mimetika, vorzugsweise Juvenilhormon-Analoge ausgewählt aus Hydropren, Kinopren und Methopren, oder Fenoxycarb oder Pyriproxyfen. (7) Juvenile hormone mimetics, preferably juvenile hormone analogs selected from hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene, or fenoxycarb or pyriproxyfen.
(8) Verschiedene nicht spezifische (multi-site) Inhibitoren, vorzugsweise Alkylhalogenide ausgewählt aus Methylbromid und andere Alkylhalogenide, oder Chloropicrin oder Sulfurylfluorid oder Borax oder Brechweinstein oder Methylisocyanaterzeuger ausgewählt aus Diazomet und Metam. (8) Various non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, preferably alkyl halides selected from methyl bromide and other alkyl halides, or chloropicrin or sulfuryl fluoride or borax or tartaric or methyl isocyanate producers selected from Diazomet and Metam.
(9) TRPV-Kanal-Modulatoren chordotonaler Organe ausgewählt aus Pymetrozin und Pyrifluquinazon. (9) TRPV channel modulators of chordotonic organs selected from pymetrozine and pyrifluquinazone.
(10) Milbenwachstumsinhibitoren ausgewählt aus Clofentezin, Hexythiazox, Diflovidazin und Etoxazol. (10) mite growth inhibitors selected from clofentezine, hexythiazox, diflovidazine and etoxazole.
(11) Mikrobielle Disruptoren der Insektendarmmembran ausgewählt aus Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies tenebrionis und B.t.- Pflanzenproteine ausgewählt aus CrylAb, CrylAc, CrylFa, CrylA.l05, Cry2Ab, VIP3A, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb und Cry34Abl/35Abl. (12) Inhibitoren der mitochondrialen ATP-Synthase, vorzugsweise ATP-Disruptoren ausgewählt aus Diafenthiuron, oder Organozinnverbindungen ausgewählt aus Azocyclotin, Cyhexatin und Fenbutatin- oxid, oder Propargit oder Tetradifon. (11) Insect intestinal membrane microbial disruptors selected from Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis, and Bt plant proteins selected from CrylAb, CrylAc, CrylFa, CrylA.l05, Cry2Ab, VIP3A , mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb and Cry34Abl / 35Abl. (12) inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, preferably ATP disruptors selected from diafenthiuron, or organotin compounds selected from azocyclotine, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide, or propargite or tetradifone.
(13) Entkoppler der oxidativen Phoshorylierung durch Störung des Protonengradienten ausgewählt aus Chlorfenapyr, DNOC und Sulfluramid. (13) Decoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by perturbation of the proton gradient selected from chlorfenapyr, DNOC, and sulfluramide.
(14) Blocker des nicotinischen Acetylcholinrezeptorkanals ausgewählt aus Bensultap, Cartap- hydrochlorid, Thiocyclam und Thiosultap-Natrium. (14) Blocker of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel selected from Bensultap, Cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam and thiosultap sodium.
(15) Inhibitoren der Chitinbiosynthese, Typ 0, ausgewählt aus Bistrifluron, Chlorfluazuron, Diflubenzuron, Flucycloxuron, Flufenoxuron, Hexaflumuron, Lufenuron, Novaluron, Noviflumuron, T eflubenzuron und Triflumuron. (15) Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 0, selected from bistrifluron, chlorofluorazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, t eflubenzuron and triflumuron.
(16) Inhibitoren der Chitinbiosynthese, Typ 1 ausgewählt aus Bupro fezin. (16) Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1 selected from Bupro fezin.
(17) Häutungsdisruptor (insbesondere bei Dipteren, d. h. Zweiflüglern) ausgewählt aus Cyromazin. (17) Skinning disruptor (especially in dipterans, i.e., two-winged) selected from cyromazine.
(18) Ecdyson-Rezeptor- Agonisten ausgewählt aus Chromafenozid, Halofenozid, Methoxyfenozid und Tebufenozid. (19) Oktopamin-Rezeptor- Agonisten ausgewählt aus Amitraz. (18) ecdysone receptor agonists selected from chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide. (19) Octopamine receptor agonists selected from Amitraz.
(20) Mitochondriale Komplex-III-Elektronentransportinhibitoren ausgewählt aus Hydramethylnon, Acequinocyl und Fluacrypyrim. (20) Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors selected from hydramethylnone, acequinocyl and fluacrypyrim.
(21) Mitochondriale Komplex-I-Elektronentransportinhibitoren, vorzugsweise METI-Akarizide ausgewählt aus Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximat, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben, Tebufenpyrad und Tolfenpyrad, oder Rotenon (Derris). (21) Mitochondrial Complex I Electron Transport Inhibitors, preferably METI acaricides selected from Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximate, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben, Tebufenpyrad and Tolfenpyrad, or rotenone (Derris).
(22) Blocker des spannungsabhängigen Natriumkanals ausgewählt aus Indoxacarb und Metaflumizone. (22) Voltage-responsive sodium channel blocker selected from indoxacarb and metaflumizone.
(23) Inhibitoren der Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase, vorzugsweise Tetron- und Tetramsäurederivate ausgewählt aus Spirodiclofen, Spiromesifen und Spirotetramat. (23) Inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, preferably tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives selected from spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat.
(24) Inhibitoren des mitochondrialen Komplex-IV-Elektronentransports, vorzugsweise Phosphine ausgewählt aus Aluminiumphosphid, Calciumphosphid, Phosphin und Zinkphosphid, oder Cyanide ausgewählt aus Calciumcyanid, Kaliumcyanid und Natriumcyanid. (24) Inhibitors of mitochondrial complex IV electron transport, preferably phosphines selected from aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide, or cyanides selected from calcium cyanide, potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide.
(25) Inhibitoren des mitochondrialen Komplex-II-Elektronentransports, vorzugsweise beta- Ketonitrilderivate ausgewählt aus Cyenopyrafen und Cyflumetofen, oder Carboxanilide ausgewählt aus Pyflubumid. (28) Ryanodinrezeptor-Modulatoren, vorzugsweise Diamide ausgewählt aus Chlorantraniliprol, Cyantraniliprol und Flubendiamid. (25) inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II electron transport, preferably beta-ketone nitrile derivatives selected from cyenopyrafen and Cyflumetofen, or carboxanilides selected from Pyflubumid. (28) ryanodine receptor modulators, preferably diamides selected from chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamide.
(29) Modulatoren chordotonaler Organe (mit Undefinierter Zielstruktur) ausgewählt aus Flonicamid. (29) Modulators of chordotonic organs (with undefined target structure) selected from flonicamid.
(30) weitere Wirkstoffe ausgewählt aus Acynonapyr, Afidopyropen, Afoxolaner, Azadirachtin,(30) other active substances selected from acynonapyr, afidopyropes, afoxolans, azadirachtin,
Benclothiaz, Benzoximat, Benzpyrimoxan, Bifenazat, Broflanilid, Bromopropylat, Chinomethionat, Chloroprallethrin, Cryolit, Cyclaniliprol, Cycloxaprid, Cyhalodiamid, Dicloromezotiaz, Dicofol, epsilon-Metofluthrin, epsilon-Momfluthrin, Flometoquin, Fluazaindolizin, Fluensulfon, Flufenerim, Flufenoxystrobin, Flufiprol, Fluhexafon, Fluopyram, Flupyrimin, Fluralaner, Fluxametamid, Fufenozid, Guadipyr, Heptafluthrin, Imidaclothiz, Iprodione, kappa-Bifenthrin, kappa-Tefluthrin, Lotilaner, Meperfluthrin, Oxazosulfyl, Paichongding, Pyridalyl, Pyrifluquinazon, Pyriminostrobin, Spirobudiclofen, Spiropidion, Tetramethylfluthrin, Tetraniliprol, Tetrachlorantraniliprol, Tigolaner, Tioxazafen, Thiofluoximat, Triflumezopyrim und Iodmethan; des Weiteren Präparate auf Basis von Bacillus firmus (1-1582, BioNeem, Votivo), sowie folgende Verbindungen: l-{2-Fluor-4-methyl-5- [(2,2,2-trifluorethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl} -3 -(trifluormethyl)- 1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol-5-amin (bekannt ausBenclothiazole, benzoximate, benzpyrimoxane, bifenazate, broflanilide, bromopropylate, quinomethionate, chloroprallethrin, cryolite, cyclaniliprole, cycloxapride, cyhalodiamide, dicloromezotiaz, dicofol, epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-momfluthrin, flometoquine, fluazaindolizine, fluensulfone, flufenerim, flufenoxystrobin, flufiprole, flauboxafone, Fluopyram, flupyrimine, fluralan, fluxametamide, fufenozide, guadipyr, heptafluthrin, imidaclothiz, iprodione, kappa-bifenthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, lotilaner, meperfluthrin, oxazosulfyl, paichongding, pyralidyl, pyrifluquinazone, pyriminostrobin, spirobudiclofen, spiropidione, tetramethylfluthrin, tetraniliprole, tetrachlorantraniliprole, Tigolaner, Tioxazafen, Thiofluoximat, triflumezopyrim and iodomethane; furthermore preparations based on Bacillus firmus (1-1582, BioNeem, Votivo), and the following compounds: 1- {2-fluoro-4-methyl-5- [(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) sulfinyl] phenyl} - 3 - (trifluoromethyl) -1 H -1, 2,4-triazole-5-amine (known from
W02006/043635) (CAS 885026-50-6), {l'-[(2E)-3-(4-Chlorphenyl)prop-2-en-l-yl]-5-fluorspiro[indol- 3,4'-piperidin]-l(2H)-yl}(2-chlorpyridin-4-yl)methanon (bekannt aus W02003/106457) (CAS 637360- 23-7), 2-Chlor-N-[2-{l-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorphenyl)prop-2-en-l-yl]piperidin-4-yl}-4-W02006 / 043635) (CAS 885026-50-6), {l '- [(2E) -3- (4-chlorophenyl) -prop-2-en-1-yl] -5-fluorospiro [indole-3,4' -piperidine] -1 (2H) -yl} (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -methanone (known from WO02003 / 106457) (CAS 637360-23-7), 2-chloro-N- [2- {1- [ (2E) -3- (4-chlorophenyl) prop-2-en-l-yl] piperidin-4-yl} -4-
(trifluormethyl)phenyl]isonicotinamid (bekannt aus W02006/003494) (CAS 872999-66-1), 3-(4-Chlor- 2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-l,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-on (bekannt aus WO 2010052161) (CAS 1225292-17-0), 3-(4-Chlor-2, 6-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2-oxo-l,8- diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl-ethylcarbonat (bekannt aus EP 2647626) (CAS- 1440516-42-6), 4-(But-2- in-l-yloxy)-6-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-l-yl)-5-fluorpyrimidin (bekannt aus W02004/099160) (CAS 792914-58-0), PF1364 (bekannt aus JP2010/018586) (CAS-Reg.No. 1204776-60-2), (3E)-3-[l-[(6- Chlor-3-pyridyl)methyl]-2-pyridyliden]-l,l,l-trifluorpropan-2-on (bekannt aus WO2013/144213) (CAS 1461743-15-6), N-[3-(Benzylcarbamoyl)-4-chlorphenyl]-l-methyl-3-(pentafluorethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] isonicotinamide (known from WO 02006/003494) (CAS 872999-66-1), 3- (4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl) -4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,8-diazaspiro [ 4.5] dec-3-ene-2-one (known from WO 2010052161) (CAS 1225292-17-0), 3- (4-chloro-2, 6-dimethylphenyl) -8-methoxy-2-oxo-1, 8-diazaspiro [4.5] dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (known from EP 2647626) (CAS 1440516-42-6), 4- (but-2-in-1-yloxy) -6- ( 3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl) -5-fluoropyrimidine (known from WO 02/499990) (CAS 792914-58-0), PF1364 (known from JP2010 / 018586) (CAS reference No. 1204776-60-2 ), (3E) -3- [1- (6-chloro-3-pyridyl) methyl] -2-pyridylidene] -1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one (known from WO2013 / 144213) (CAS 1461743 -15-6), N- [3- (benzylcarbamoyl) -4-chlorophenyl] -1-methyl-3- (pentafluoroethyl) -4-
(trifluormethyl)- lH-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt aus W02010/051926) (CAS 1226889-14-0), 5- Brom-4-chlor-N-[4-chlor-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-2-(3-chlor-2-pyridyl)pyrazol-3- carboxamid (bekannt aus CN103232431) (CAS 1449220-44-3), 4-[5-(3,5-Dichlorphenyl)-4,5-dihydro- 5-(trifluormethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2-methyl-N-(cis-l-oxido-3-thietanyl)benzamid, 4-[5-(3,5-(trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO2010 / 051926) (CAS 1226889-14-0), 5-bromo-4-chloro-N- [4-chloro-2-methyl-6- (methylcarbamoyl ) phenyl] -2- (3-chloro-2-pyridyl) pyrazole-3-carboxamide (known from CN103232431) (CAS 1449220-44-3), 4- [5- (3,5-dichlorophenyl) -4.5 dihydro-5- (trifluoromethyl) -3-isoxazolyl] -2-methyl-N- (cis-1-oxido-3-thietanyl) -benzamide, 4- [5- (3,5
Dichlorphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluormethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2-methyl-N-(trans-l-oxido-3- thietanyl)benzamid und 4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-Dichlorphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluormethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2- methyl-N-(cis-l-oxido-3-thietanyl)benzamid (bekannt aus WO 2013/050317 Al) (CAS 1332628-83-7), N-[3-Chlor-l-(3-pyridinyl)-lH-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluorpropyl)sulfinyl]propanamid, (+)- N-[3-Chlor-l-(3-pyridinyl)-lH-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluorpropyl)sulfinyl]propanamid und (-)-N-[3-Chlor-l-(3-pyridinyl)-lH-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluorpropyl)sulfinyl]propanamid (bekannt aus WO 2013/162715 A2, WO 2013/162716 A2, US 2014/0213448 Al) (CAS 1477923-37-7), 5-[[(2E)-3-Chlor-2-propen-l-yl]amino]-l-[2,6-dichlor-4-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-4- [(trifluormethyl)sulfinyl]-lH-pyrazo 1-3 -carbonitrile (bekannt aus CN 101337937 A) (CAS 1105672-77- 2), 3 -Brom-N - [4-chlor-2-methyl-6- [(methylamino)thioxomethyl]phenyl] - 1 -(3 -chlor-2-pyridinyl)- 1 H- pyrazol-5-carboxamid, (Liudaibenjiaxuanan, bekannt aus CN 103109816 A) (CAS 1232543-85-9); N- [4-Chlor-2- [[( 1 , 1 -dimethylethyl)amino] carbonyl] -6-methylphenyl] - 1 -(3 -chlor-2-pyridinyl)-3 - (fluormethoxy)-lH-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt aus WO 2012/034403 Al) (CAS 1268277-22-0), N- [2-(5-Amino-l,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-chlor-6-methylphenyl]-3-brom-l-(3-chlor-2-pyridinyl)-lH- pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt aus WO 2011/085575 Al) (CAS 1233882-22-8), 4-[3-[2,6-Dichlor-4- [(3,3-dichlor-2-propen-l-yl)oxy]phenoxy]propoxy]-2-methoxy-6-(trifluormethyl)pyrimidin (bekannt aus CN 101337940 A) (CAS 1108184-52-6); (2E)- und 2(Z)-2-[2-(4-Cyanophenyl)-l-[3-Dichlorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-5- (trifluoromethyl) -3-isoxazolyl] -2-methyl-N- (trans-1-oxido-3-thietanyl) benzamide and 4 - [(5S) -5- (3 , 5-dichlorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-5- (trifluoromethyl) -3-isoxazolyl] -2-methyl-N- (cis-1-oxido-3-thietanyl) benzamide (known from WO 2013/050317 A1) (CAS 1332628-83-7), N- [3-chloro-1- (3-pyridinyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl] -N-ethyl-3 - [(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) sulfinyl ] propanamide, (+) - N- [3-chloro-1- (3-pyridinyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl] -N-ethyl-3 - [(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) sulfinyl] propanamide and (-) - N- [3-chloro-1- (3-pyridinyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl] -N-ethyl-3 - [(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) sulfinyl] propanamide (known WO 2013/162715 A2, WO 2013/162716 A2, US 2014/0213448 A1) (CAS 1477923-37-7), 5 - [[(2E) -3-chloro-2-propen-1-yl] amino] -1- [2,6-dichloro-4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -4- [(trifluoromethyl) sulfinyl] -1H pyrazole 1-3 carbonitriles (known from CN 101337937 A) (CAS 1105672-77-2), 3-bromo-N - [4-chloro-2-methyl-6- [(methylamino) thioxomethyl] phenyl] -1 - (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) -1 H -pyrazole-5-carboxamide, (Liudaibenjiaxuanan, known from CN 103109816 A) (CAS 1232543-85-9); N- [4-chloro-2- [[(1, 1-dimethylethyl) amino] carbonyl] -6-methylphenyl] -1- (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) -3- (fluoromethoxy) -1H-pyrazole 5-carboxamide (known from WO 2012/034403 A1) (CAS 1268277-22-0), N- [2- (5-amino-1, 3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) -4-chloro-6 methylphenyl] -3-bromo-1- (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2011/085575 A1) (CAS 1233882-22-8), 4- [3- [ 2,6-Dichloro-4- [(3,3-dichloro-2-propen-1-yl) oxy] phenoxy] propoxy] -2-methoxy-6- (trifluoromethyl) pyrimidine (known from CN 101337940 A) (CAS 1108184-52-6); (2E) - and 2 (Z) -2- [2- (4-cyanophenyl) -l- [3-
(trifluormethyl)phenyl]ethyliden]-N-[4-(difluormethoxy)phenyl]hydrazincarboxamid (bekannt aus CN 101715774 A) (CAS 1232543-85-9); Cyclopropancarbonsäure-3-(2,2-dichlorethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4- (lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenylester (bekannt aus CN 103524422 A) (CAS 1542271-46-4); (4aS)-7- Chlor-2,5-dihydro-2-[[(methoxycarbonyl)[4-[(trifluormethyl)thio]phenyl]amino]carbonyl]indeno[l,2- e] [l,3,4]oxadiazin-4a(3H)-carbonsäuremethylester (bekannt aus CN 102391261 A) (CAS 1370358-69- 2); 6-Desoxy-3-0-ethyl-2,4-di-0-methyl-l-[N-[4-[l-[4-(l,l,2,2,2-pentafluorethoxy)phenyl]-lH-l,2,4- triazol-3-yl]phenyl]carbamat]-a-L-mannopyranose (bekannt aus US 2014/0275503 Al) (CAS 1181213- 14-8); 8-(2-Cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluormethylphenoxy)-3-(6-trifluormethylpyridazin-3-yl)-3- azabicyclo[3.2. l]octan (CAS 1253850-56-4), (8-anti)-8-(2-Cyclopropylmethoxy-4- trifluormethylphenoxy)-3 -(6-trifluormethylpyridazin-3 -yl)-3 -azabicyclo [3.2.1] octan (CAS 933798-27- 7), (8-syn)-8-(2-Cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluormethylphenoxy)-3-(6-trifluormethylpyridazin-3-yl)-3- azabicyclo[3.2.l]octan (bekannt aus WO 2007040280 Al, WO 2007040282 Al) (CAS 934001-66-8), N-[3-Chlor-l-(3-pyridinyl)-lH-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluorpropyl)thio]-propanamid (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ethylidene] -N- [4- (difluoromethoxy) phenyl] hydrazinecarboxamide (known from CN 101715774 A) (CAS 1232543-85-9); Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 3- (2,2-dichloroethenyl) -2,2-dimethyl-4- (1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) phenyl ester (known from CN 103524422 A) (CAS 1542271-46-4); (4aS) -7-chloro-2,5-dihydro-2 - [[(methoxycarbonyl) [4 - [(trifluoromethyl) thio] phenyl] amino] carbonyl] indeno [l, 2-e] [l, 3,4 ] oxadiazine-4a (3H) -carboxylic acid methyl ester (known from CN 102391261 A) (CAS 1370358-69-2); 6-deoxy-3-0-ethyl-2,4-di-0-methyl-l- [N- [4- [l- [4- (l, l, 2,2,2-pentafluoroethoxy) phenyl] - lH-l, 2,4-triazol-3-yl] phenyl] carbamate] -al-mannopyranose (known from US 2014/0275503 A1) (CAS 1181213-14-8); 8- (2-Cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -3- (6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl) -3-azabicyclo [3.2. l] octane (CAS 1253850-56-4), (8-anti) -8- (2-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -3 - (6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl) -3-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane (CAS 933798-27-7), (8-syn) -8- (2-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -3- (6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl) -3-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane ( known from WO 2007040280 A1, WO 2007040282 A1) (CAS 934001-66-8), N- [3-chloro-1- (3-pyridinyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl] -N-ethyl-3- [ (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) thio] propanamide
(bekannt aus WO 2015/058021 Al, WO 2015/058028 Al) (CAS 1477919-27-9) und N-[4- (Aminothioxomethyl)-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-3-bromo-l-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)- lT/-pyrazol-5-carboxamid (bekannt aus CN 103265527 A) (CAS 1452877-50-7), 5-(l,3-Dioxan-2-yl)-4- [[4-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]methoxy]-pyrimidin (bekannt aus WO 2013/115391 Al) (CAS 1449021-97- 9), 3-(4-Chlor-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy- 1 -methyl-l ,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dion (bekannt aus WO 2014/187846 Al) (CAS 1638765-58-8), 3-(4-Chlor-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-l-methyl- 2-oxo-l,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl-carbonsäureethylester (bekannt aus WO 2010/066780 Al, WO 2011151146 Al) (CAS 1229023-00-0), 4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-Dichlor-4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5- (trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-A-[(47?)-2-ethyl-3-oxo-4-isoxazolidinyl]-2-methyl-benzamid (bekannt aus WO 2011/067272, W02013/050302) (CAS 1309959-62-3). Fungizide (known from WO 2015/058021 A1, WO 2015/058028 A1) (CAS 1477919-27-9) and N- [4- (aminothioxomethyl) -2-methyl-6 - [(methylamino) carbonyl] phenyl] -3- bromo-1- (3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) -1T / -pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from CN 103265527 A) (CAS 1452877-50-7), 5- (1,3-dioxan-2-yl ) -4- [[4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] methoxy] pyrimidine (known from WO 2013/115391 A1) (CAS 1449021-97-9), 3- (4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl) -8 -methoxy-1-methyl-l, 8-diazaspiro [4.5] decane-2,4-dione (known from WO 2014/187846 A1) (CAS 1638765-58-8), 3- (4-chloro-2,6 -dimethylphenyl) -8-methoxy-l-methyl-2-oxo-l, 8-diazaspiro [4.5] dec-3-en-4-yl-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (known from WO 2010/066780 A1, WO 2011151146 Al) (CAS 1229023-00-0), 4 - [(5S) -5- (3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-5- (trifluoromethyl) -3-isoxazolyl] -A - [(47 ?) - 2-ethyl-3-oxo-4-isoxazolidinyl] -2-methyl-benzamide (known from WO 2011/067272, W02013 / 050302) (CAS 1309959-62-3). fungicides
Die hier mit ihrem“Common Name” spezifizierten Wirkstoffe sind bekannt und beispielsweise im “Pesticide Manual” (16. Aufl. British Crop Protection Council) oder im Internet recherchierbar (beispielsweise: http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides) beschrieben. The active ingredients specified here by their "common name" are known and described, for example, in the "Pesticide Manual" (16th edition British Crop Protection Council) or searchable on the Internet (for example: http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides).
Alle genannten Mischungspartner der Klassen (1) bis (15) können, wenn sie auf Grund ihrer funktionellen Gruppen dazu imstande sind, gegebenenfalls mit geeigneten Basen oder Säuren Salze bilden. Alle genannten fungiziden Mischungspartner der Klassen (1) bis (15) können gegebenenfalls tautomere Formen einschließen. All of the above-mentioned mixture partners of classes (1) to (15), if they are capable of doing so on the basis of their functional groups, may optionally form salts with suitable bases or acids. All of the mentioned fungicidal mixture partners of classes (1) to (15) may optionally include tautomeric forms.
1) lnhibitoren der Ergosterol-Biosynthese, beispielsweise (1.001) Cyproconazol, (1.002) Difenoconazol, (1.003) Epoxiconazol, (1.004) Fenhexamid, (1.005) Fenpropidin, (1.006) Fenpropimorph, (1.007) Fenpyrazamin, (1.008) Fluquinconazol, (1.009) Flutriafol, (1.010) lmazalil, (1.011) lmazalil Sulfat, (1.012) lpconazol, (1.013) Metconazol, (1.014) Myclobutanil, (1.015) Paclobutrazol, (1.016) Prochloraz, (1.017) Propiconazol, (1.018) Prothioconazol, (1.019) Pyrisoxazol, (1.020) Spiroxamin, (1.021) Tebuconazol, (1.022) Tetraconazol, (1.023) Triadimenol, (1.024) Tridemorph, (1.025) Triticonazol, (1.026) (lR,2S,5S)-5-(4-Chlorbenzyl)-2-(chlormethyl)-2-methyl-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l- ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.027) (l S,2R,5R)-5-(4-Chlorbenzyl)-2-(chlormethyl)-2-methyl-l-(lH-l,2,4- triazol-l-ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.028) (2R)-2-(l-Chlorcyclopropyl)-4-[(lR)-2,2-dichlorcyclopropyl]-1) inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis, for example, (1,001) cyproconazole, (1,002) difenoconazole, (1,003) epoxiconazole, (1,004) fenhexamide, (1,005) fenpropidin, (1,006) fenpropimorph, (1,007) fenpyrazamine, (1,008) fluquinconazole, ( 1,009) flutriafol, (1,010) imazalil, (1,011) imazalil sulfate, (1,012) lpconazole, (1,013) metconazole, (1,014) myclobutanil, (1,015) paclobutrazole, (1,016) prochlorazole, (1,017) propiconazole, (1,018) prothioconazole, (1.019) pyrisoxazole, (1.020) spiroxamine, (1.021) tebuconazole, (1.022) tetraconazole, (1.023) triadimenol, (1.024) tridemorph, (1.025) triticonazole, (1.026) (IR, 2S, 5S) -5- (4 -Chlorobenzyl) -2- (chloromethyl) -2-methyl-1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) cyclopentanol, (1.027) (1S, 2R, 5R) -5- (4 Chlorobenzyl) -2- (chloromethyl) -2-methyl-1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) cyclopentanol, (1.028) (2R) -2- (1-chlorocyclopropyl) -4- [ (lR) -2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl] -
1-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)butan-2-ol (1.029) (2R)-2-(l-Chlorcyclopropyl)-4-[(lS)-2,2- dichlorcyclopropyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.030) (2R)-2-[4-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-2-1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) butan-2-ol (1.029) (2R) -2- (1-chlorocyclopropyl) -4 - [(1S) -2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl] -l- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) butan-2-ol, (1.030) (2R) -2- [4- (4-chlorophenoxy) -2-
(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.031) (2S)-2-(l-Chlorcyclopropyl)-4- [(lR)-2,2-dichlorcyclopropyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.032) (2S)-2-(l-Chlorcyclopropyl)- 4-[(lS)-2,2-dichlorcyclopropyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)butan-2-ol, (1.033) (2S)-2-[4-(4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) propan-2-ol, (1031) (2S) -2- (1-chlorocyclopropyl) -4- [(IR) -2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) butan-2-ol, (1032) (2S) -2- (1-chlorocyclopropyl) -4 - [( 1S) -2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) butan-2-ol, (1033) (2S) -2- [4- (4-
Chlorphenoxy)-2-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.034) (R)-[3-(4-Chlor-Chlorophenoxy) -2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) propan-2-ol, (1034) (R) - [3- (4-Chloro)
2-fluorphenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorphenyl)-l,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3-yl)methanol, (1.035) (S)-[3-(4-Chlor-2- fluorphenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorphenyl)-l,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3-yl)methanol, (1.036) [3-(4-Chlor-2- fluorphenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorphenyl)-l,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3-yl)methanol, (1.037) l-({(2R,4S)-2-[2- Chlor-4-(4-chlorphenoxy)phenyl] -4-methyl- 1 ,3 -dioxolan-2-yl} methyl)- 1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol, (1.038) 1 -2-fluorophenyl) -5- (2,4-difluorophenyl) -l, 2-oxazol-4-yl] (pyridin-3-yl) -methanol, (1035) (S) - [3- (4-chloro-2 - fluorophenyl) -5- (2,4-difluorophenyl) -1,2-oxazol-4-yl] (pyridin-3-yl) methanol, (1.036) [3- (4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl) -5 - (2,4-difluorophenyl) -1,2-oxazol-4-yl] (pyridin-3-yl) methanol, (1.037) 1 - ({(2R, 4S) -2- [2-chloro-4- (4-chlorophenoxy) phenyl] -4-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl} methyl) -1 H -1, 2,4-triazole, (1,038) 1 -
({(2S,4S)-2-[2-Chlor-4-(4-chlorphenoxy)phenyl]-4-methyl-l,3-dioxolan-2-yl}methyl)-lH-l,2,4-triazol, (1.039) l-{[3-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-lH-l,2,4-triazol-5-yl- thiocyanat, (1.040) l-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-lH- l,2,4-triazol-5-yl-thiocyanat, (1.041) l-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2- yl]methyl}-lH-l,2,4-triazol-5-yl-thiocyanat, (1.042) 2-[(2R,4R,5R)-l-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy- 2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.043) 2-[(2R,4R,5S)-l-(2,4-({(2S, 4S) -2- [2-chloro-4- (4-chlorophenoxy) phenyl] -4-methyl-l, 3-dioxolan-2-yl} methyl) -lH-l, 2,4- triazole, (1.039) 1 - {[3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} -1H-l, 2,4-triazol-5-yl thiocyanate , (1.040) 1 - {[rel (2R, 3R) -3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} -1H-1, 2,4-triazole -5-yl thiocyanate, (1.041) 1 - {[rel (2R, 3S) -3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} -1H-1 , 2,4-triazol-5-yl-thiocyanate, (1.042) 2 - [(2R, 4R, 5R) -1- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4 -yl] -2,4-dihydro-3H-l, 2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1043) 2 - [(2R, 4R, 5S) -l- (2,4-)
Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.044) 2- [(2R,4S,5R)-l-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-l,2,4- triazol-3-thion, (1.045) 2-[(2R,4S,5S)-l-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4- dihydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.046) 2-[(2S,4R,5R)-l-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6- trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.047) 2-[(2S,4R,5S)-l-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl] -2,4-dihydro-3H-l, 2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.044) 2- [(2R, 4S , 5R) -l- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl] -2,4-dihydro-3H-l, 2,4- triazole-3-thione, (1.045) 2 - [(2R, 4S, 5S) -1- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl] -2,4 - dihydro-3H-l, 2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.046) 2 - [(2S, 4R, 5R) -1- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6 trimethylheptan-4-yl] -2,4-dihydro-3H-l, 2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1047) 2 - [(2S, 4R, 5S) -l- (2,4-)
Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-diliydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.048) 2- [(2S,4S,5R)-l-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4-diliydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-Dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl] -2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1048) 2- [(2S, 4S , 5R) -l- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl] -2,4-diliydro-3H-l, 2,4-triazol-
3-thion, (1.049) 2-[(2S,4S,5S)-l-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl]-2,4- dihydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.050) 2-[l-(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4- yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.051) 2-[2-Chlor-4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenyl]-l-(lH-3-thione, (1.049) 2 - [(2S, 4S, 5S) -1- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl] -2,4-dihydro -3H-l, 2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1050) 2- [1- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptan-4-yl] -2, 4-dihydro-3H-l, 2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.051) 2- [2-chloro-4- (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) phenyl] -l- (1H-
1.2.4-triazol-l-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.052) 2-[2-Chlor-4-(4-chlorphenoxy)phenyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l- yl)butan-2-ol, (1.053) 2-[4-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-2-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)butan- 2-ol, (1.054) 2-[4-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-2-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)pentan-2-ol,1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) propan-2-ol, (1.052) 2- [2-Chloro-4- (4-chlorophenoxy) phenyl] -1- (1H-1, 2,4-triazole-1 (yl) butan-2-ol, (1.053) 2- [4- (4-chlorophenoxy) -2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) butane 2-ol, (1.054) 2- [4- (4-chlorophenoxy) -2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1- (1H-l, 2,4-triazol-1-yl) -pentan-2-ol,
(1.055) 2-[4-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-2-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-l-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)propan-2-ol, (1.056)(1.055) 2- [4- (4-chlorophenoxy) -2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) propan-2-ol, (1.056)
2- { [3-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl} -2,4-dihydro-3H- 1 ,2,4-triazol-3 -thion, (1.057) 2- {[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-2- {[3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} -2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.057) 2- {[rel (2R, 3R) -3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} -2,4-dihydro-3H-
1.2.4-triazol-3-thion, (1.058) 2- {[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2- yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-l,2,4-triazol-3-thion, (1.059) 5-(4-Chlorbenzyl)-2-(chlormethyl)-2-methyl- 1 -( 1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol- 1 -ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.060) 5-(Allylsulfanyl)- 1 - { [3 -(2-chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4- difluorphenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl} - 1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol, (1.061) 5-(Allylsulfanyl)- 1 - { [rel(2R,3R)-3-(2- chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl} -lH-l,2,4-triazol, (1.062) 5-(Allylsulfanyl)-l- {[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-chlorphenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorphenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-lH-l,2,4-triazol, (1.063) N'- (2,5-Dimethyl-4- {[3-(l ,l,2,2-tetrafluorethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N- methylimidoformamid, (1.064) N'-(2,5-Dimethyl-4- {[3-(2,2,2-trifluorethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)- N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.065) N'-(2,5-Dimethyl-4- { [3-(2, 2,3,3- tetrafluorpropoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.066) N'-(2,5-Dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.058) 2- {[rel (2R, 3S) -3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} - 2,4-dihydro-3H-l, 2,4-triazole-3-thione, (1.059) 5- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (chloromethyl) -2-methyl-1 - (1H-1, 2 , 4-triazol-1-ylmethyl) cyclopentanol, (1.060) 5- (allylsulfanyl) -1 - {[3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} - 1 H -1, 2,4-triazole, (1.061) 5- (allylsulfanyl) -1 - {[rel (2R, 3R) -3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2,4-difluorophenyl) oxirane] 2-yl] methyl} -LH-l, 2,4-triazole, (1.062) 5- (allylsulfanyl) -l- {[rel (2R, 3S) -3- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (2, 4-difluorophenyl) oxiran-2-yl] methyl} -1H-l, 2,4-triazole, (1.063) N '- (2,5-dimethyl-4- {[3- (1,1,2,2 tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl] sulfanyl} phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.064) N '- (2,5-dimethyl-4- {[3- (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) phenyl] sulfanyl} phenyl) - N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.065) N '- (2,5-dimethyl-4- {[3- (2, 2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy) phenyl] sulfanyl} phenyl) -N- ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.066) N '- (2,5-dimethyl
4- {[3-(pentafluorethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidofonnamid, (1.067) N'-(2,5- Dimethyl-4- {3-[(l,l,2,2-tetrafluorethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid,4- {[3- (pentafluoroethoxy) phenyl] sulfanyl} phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidofonnamide, (1.067) N '- (2,5-dimethyl-4- {3 - [(I, l, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl) sulfanyl] phenoxy} phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid,
(1.068) N'-(2,5-Dimethyl-4- {3-[(2,2,2-trifluorethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N- methylimidoformamid, (1.069) N'-(2,5-Dimethyl-4- {3-[(2, 2,3,3- tetrafluorpropyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.070) N'-(2,5-Dimethyl- 4- {3-[(pentafluorethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.071) N'-(2,5- Dimethyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.072) N'-(4- {[3-(1.068) N '- (2,5-Dimethyl-4- {3 - [(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) sulfanyl] phenoxy} phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.069) N' - ( 2,5-Dimethyl-4- {3 - [(2, 2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl) sulfanyl] phenoxy} phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.070) N '- (2,5-dimethyl - 4- {3 - [(pentafluoroethyl) sulfanyl] phenoxy} phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.071) N '- (2,5-dimethyl-4-phenoxyphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide , (1.072) N '- (4- {[3-
(Difluormethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl} -2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.073) N'- (4- {3-[(Difluormethyl)sulfanyl]phenoxy} -2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.074) N'-[5-Brom-6-(2,3-dihydro-lH-inden-2-yloxy)-2-methylpyridin-3-yl]-N-ethyl-N- methylimidoformamid, (1.075) N'- {4-[(4,5-Dichlor-l,3-thiazol-2-yl)oxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl- N-methylimidoformamid, (1.076) N'- {5-Brom-6-[(lR)-l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-methylpyridin-(Difluoromethoxy) phenyl] sulfanyl} -2,5-dimethylphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1073) N '- (4- {3 - [(Difluoromethyl) sulfanyl] phenoxy} -2,5-dimethylphenyl) N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.074) N '- [5-bromo-6- (2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yloxy) -2-methyl-pyridin-3-yl] -N-ethyl N-methylimidoformamide, (1.075) N '- {4 - [(4,5-dichloro-l, 3-thiazol-2-yl) oxy] -2,5-dimethylphenyl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.076) N '- {5-bromo-6 - [(1R) -1- (3,5-difluorophenyl) ethoxy] -2-methylpyridine
3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.077) N'- {5-Brom-6-[(l S)-l-(3,5-difluorphenyl)ethoxy]-2- methylpyridin-3-yl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.078) N'- {5-Brom-6-[(cis-4- isopropylcyclohexyl)oxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.079) N'- {5-3-yl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.077) N '- {5-bromo-6 - [(1S) -1- (3,5-difluorophenyl) ethoxy] -2- methylpyridin-3-yl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.078) N '- {5-bromo-6 - [(cis-4-isopropylcyclohexyl) oxy] -2-methylpyridin-3-yl} -N- ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.079) N'- {5-
Brom-6-[(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexyl)oxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamid, (1.080) N'- {5-Bromo-6-[l -(3, 5-difluorphenyl)ethoxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl} -N-ethyl-N- methylimidoformamid, (1.081) Mefentrifluconazole, (1.082) Ipfentrifluconazole. Bromo-6 - [(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexyl) oxy] -2-methylpyridin-3-yl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1080) N '- {5-bromo-6- [1- (3 , 5-difluorophenyl) ethoxy] -2-methylpyridin-3-yl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, (1.081) Mefentrifluconazole, (1.082) Ipfentrifluconazole.
2) Inhibitoren der Atmungskette am Komplex I oder II beispielsweise (2.001) Benzovindiflupyr, (2.002) Bixafen, (2.003) Boscalid, (2.004) Carboxin, (2.005) Fluopyram, (2.006) Flutolanil, (2.007) Fluxapyroxad, (2.008) Furametpyr, (2.009) Isofetamid, (2.010) Isopyrazam (anti-epimeres Enantiomer lR,4S,9S), (2.011) Isopyrazam (anti-epimeres Enantiomer l S,4R,9R), (2.012) Isopyrazam (anti epimeres Racemat lRS,4SR,9SR), (2.013) Isopyrazam (Mischung des syn-epimeren Razemates lRS,4SR,9RS und des anti-epimeren Razemates lRS,4SR,9SR), (2.014) Isopyrazam (syn-epimeres Enantiomer lR,4S,9R), (2.015) Isopyrazam (syn-epimeres Enantiomer l S,4R,9S), (2.016) Isopyrazam (syn-epimeres Racemat lRS,4SR,9RS), (2.017) Penflufen, (2.018) Penthiopyrad, (2.019) Pydiflumetofen, (2.020) Pyraziflumid, (2.021) Sedaxane, (2.022) l,3-Dimethyl-N-(l ,l,3-trimethyl-2,3- dihydro- 1 H-inden-4-yl)- 1 H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.023) 1 ,3-Dimethyl-N- [(3R)- 1 , 1 ,3-trimethyl-2,3- dihydro-lH-inden-4-yl]-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.024) l,3-Dimethyl-N-[(3S)-l,l,3-trimethyl-2,3- dihydro-lH-inden-4-yl]-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.025) l-Methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-N-[2'- (trifluormethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.026) 2-Fluor-6-(trifluoromethyl)-N-(l ,l,3- trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-inden-4-yl)benzamid, (2.027) 3-(Difluormethyl)-l -methyl-N-(l ,l,3-trimethyl- 2,3-dihydro-lH-inden-4-yl)-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.028) 3-(Difluormethyl)-l -methyl-N-[(3R)- 1 , 1 ,3 -trimethyl-2,3 -dihydro- 1 H-inden-4-yl] - 1 H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.029) 3 -(Difluormethyl)- 1 - methyl-N-[(3S)-l,l,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-inden-4-yl]-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.030) 3-2) inhibitors of the respiratory chain on complex I or II, for example (2.001) benzovindiflupyr, (2.002) bixafen, (2.003) boscalid, (2.004) carboxin, (2.005) fluopyram, (2.006) flutolanil, (2.007) fluxapyroxad, (2.008) furametpyr , (2.009) isofetamide, (2.010) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1R, 4S, 9S), (2.011) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1S, 4R, 9R), (2.012) isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate IRS, 4SR , 9SR), (2.013) isopyrazam (mixture of the syn-epimeric racemate lRS, 4SR, 9RS and the anti-epimeric racemate lRS, 4SR, 9SR), (2.014) isopyrazam (syn-epimeric enantiomer lR, 4S, 9R), ( 2.015) isopyrazam (syn-epimeric enantiomer l S, 4R, 9S), (2.016) isopyrazam (syn-epimeric racemate lRS, 4SR, 9RS), (2.017) penflufen, (2.018) penthiopyrad, (2.019) pydiflumetofen, (2.020) Pyrazolium, (2.021) sedaxanes, (2.022) l, 3-dimethyl-N- (l, l, 3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) -1 H-pyrazole-4 carboxamide, (2.023) 1,3-dimethyl-N- [(3R) -1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxam id, (2.024) 1,3-dimethyl-N - [(3S) -1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, ( 2.025) 1-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -N- [2'- (trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.026) 2-fluoro-6- (trifluoromethyl) -N (l, l, 3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) benzamide, (2.027) 3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- (1,1,3-trimethyl- 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.028) 3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N - [(3R) -1,3,3-trimethyl -2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl] - 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.029) 3 - (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N - [(3S) -l, l, 3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.030) 3-
(Difluormethyl)-N-(7-fluor- 1 , 1 ,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro- 1 H-inden-4-yl)- 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4- carboxamid, (2.031) 3-(Difluormethyl)-N-[(3R)-7-fluor-l,l,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-lH-inden-4-yl]-l- methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.032) 3-(Difluoromethyl)-N-[(3S)-7-fluor-l,l,3-trimethyl-2,3- dihydro-lH-inden-4-yl]-l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.033) 5,8-Difhror-N-[2-(2-fluor-4- {[4- (trifluormethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amin, (2.034) N-(2-Cyclopentyl-5- fluorbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.035) N- (2-tert-Butyl-5-methylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3 -(difluormethyl)-5-fluor- 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4- carboxamid, (2.036) N-(2-tert-Butylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lH- pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.037) N-(5-Chlor-2-ethylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l- methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.038) N-(5-Chlor-2-isopropylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.039) N-[(lR,4S)-9-(Dichlormethylen)- 1 ,2,3 ,4-tetrahydro- 1 ,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl] -3 -(difluormethyl)- 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.040) N-[(l S,4R)-9-(Dichlormethylen)-l,2,3,4-tetrahydro-l,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(Difluoromethyl) -N- (7-fluoro-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.031 ) 3- (Difluoromethyl) -N - [(3R) -7-fluoro-1,1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4 carboxamide, (2.032) 3- (difluoromethyl) -N - [(3S) -7-fluoro-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl] -l-methyl- lH-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.033) 5,8-difhror-N- [2- (2-fluoro-4- {[4- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-2-yl] oxy} phenyl) ethyl] quinazoline. 4-amine, (2.034) N- (2-cyclopentyl-5-fluorobenzyl) -N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.035) N- (2-tert-Butyl-5-methylbenzyl) -N-cyclopropyl-3 - (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.036) N- (2-tert-butylbenzyl ) -N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.037) N- (5-chloro-2-ethylbenzyl) -N-cyclopropyl-3 ( difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.038) N- (5-chloro-2-isopropylbenzyl) -N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1 - me ethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.039) N - [(IR, 4S) -9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl] -3 - (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.040) N - [(1S, 4R) -9- (dichloromethylene) -1,3,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-d -methanonaphthalen-5-yl] -3-
(difluormethyl)- 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.041 ) N- [ 1 -(2,4-Dichlorphenyl)- 1 - methoxypropan-2-yl]-3-(difluormethyl)-l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.042) N-[2-Chlor-6-(difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.041) N- [1- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -1- methoxypropan-2-yl] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.042) N- [2-chloro-6-
(trifluormethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.043) N-[3-Chlor-2-fluor-6-(trifluormethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l- methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.044) N-[5-Chlor-2-(trifluormethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.045) N-Cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)- 5-fluor-l-methyl-N-[5-methyl-2-(trifluormethyl)benzyl]-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.046) N- Cyclopropyl-3 -(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-N-(2-fluor-6-isopropylbenzyl)- 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4- carboxamid, (2.047) N-Cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-N-(2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzyl)-l- methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.048) N-Cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-N-(2- isopropylbenzyl)-l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-carbothioamid, (2.049) N-Cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5- fluor-N-(2-isopropylbenzyl)-l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.050) N-Cyclopropyl-3-(trifluoromethyl) benzyl] -N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.043) N- [3-chloro-2-fluoro-6- (trifluoromethyl ) benzyl] -N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.044) N- [5-chloro-2- (trifluoromethyl) benzyl] -N- cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.045) N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-N- [5- Methyl 2- (trifluoromethyl) benzyl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.046) N-Cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-N- (2-fluoro-6-isopropylbenzyl) -1-methyl - 1 H -pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.047) N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-N- (2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide , (2.048) N-Cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-N- (2-isopropylbenzyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbothioamide, (2.049) N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-N- (2-isopropylbenzyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2,050) N-cyclopropyl-3-ol
(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-N-(5-fluor-2-isopropylbenzyl)- 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.051) N- Cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-4,5-dimethylbenzyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lF[-pyrazol-4- carboxamid, (2.052) N-Cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-5-fluorbenzyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lH- pyrazol-4-carboxamid, (2.053) N-Cyclopropyl-3-(difluormethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-5-methylbenzyl)-5-fluor-l- methyl-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxamid, (2.054) N-Cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropyl-5-fluorbenzyl)-3- (difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l -methyl- lH-pyrazole-4-carboxamid, (2.055) N-Cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropyl- 5-methylbenzyl)-3-(difluormethyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxamid, (2.056) N- Cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropylbenzyl)-3-(difluonnethyl)-5-fluor-l-methyl-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxamid. (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-N- (5-fluoro-2-isopropylbenzyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.051) N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -N- (2 -ethyl-4,5-dimethylbenzyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-lF [-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.052) N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -N- (2-ethyl-5-fluorobenzyl ) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.053) N-cyclopropyl-3- (difluoromethyl) -N- (2-ethyl-5-methylbenzyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl -lH-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.054) N-cyclopropyl-N- (2-cyclopropyl-5-fluorobenzyl) -3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.055) N-Cyclopropyl-N- (2-cyclopropyl-5-methylbenzyl) -3- (difluoromethyl) -5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.056) N-cyclopropyl-N- (2-cyclopropylbenzyl) -3- (difluonnethyl) -5-fluoro-l-methyl-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.
3) Inhibitoren der Atmungskete am Komplex III, beispielsweise (3.001) Ametoctradin, (3.002) Amisulbrom, (3.003) Azoxystrobin, (3.004) Coumethoxystrobin, (3.005) Coumoxystrobin, (3.006) Cyazofamid, (3.007) Dimoxystrobin, (3.008) Enoxastrobin, (3.009) Famoxadon, (3.010) Fenamidon, (3.011) Flufenoxystrobin, (3.012) Fluoxastrobin, (3.013) Kresoxim-Methyl, (3.014) Metominostrobin, (3.015) Orysastrobin, (3.016) Picoxystrobin, (3.017) Pyraclostrobin, (3.018) Pyrametostrobin, (3.019) Pyraoxystrobin, (3.020) Trifloxystrobin (3.021) (2E)-2- {2-[( {[(lE)-l-(3- {[(E)-l -Fluor-2- phenylvinyl] oxy } phenyl)ethyliden] amino } oxy)methyl]phenyl} -2-(methoxyimino)-N -methylacetamid, (3.022) (2E,3Z)-5- {[l-(4-Chlorphenyl)-lH-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}-2-(methoxyimino)-N,3-dimethylpent-3- enamid, (3.023) (2R)-2- {2-[(2,5-Dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl} -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamid,3) inhibitors of the respiratory chain on complex III, for example (3,001) ametoctradine, (3,002) amisulbrom, (3,003) azoxystrobin, (3,004) coumethoxystrobin, (3,005) coumoxystrobin, (3,006) cyazofamide, (3,007) dimoxystrobin, (3,008) enoxastrobin, (3,009) famoxadone, (3,010) fenamidone, (3,011) flufenoxystrobin, (3,012) fluoxastrobin, (3,013) kresoxime methyl, (3,014) metominostrobin, (3,015) orysastrobin, (3,016) picoxystrobin, (3,017) pyraclostrobin, (3,018) Pyrametostrobin, (3.019) Pyraoxystrobin, (3.020) Trifloxystrobin (3.021) (2E) -2- {2 - [({[(IE) -l- (3- {[(E) -l-fluoro-2-phenylvinyl] oxy} phenyl) ethylidene] amino} oxy) methyl] phenyl} -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methylacetamide, (3.022) (2E, 3Z) -5- {[1- (4-chlorophenyl) -lH-pyrazole] 3-yl] oxy} -2- (methoxyimino) -N, 3-dimethylpent-3-enamide, (3.023) (2R) -2- {2 - [(2,5-dimethylphenoxy) methyl] phenyl} -2- methoxy-N-methylacetamide,
(3.024) (2S)-2- {2-[(2,5-Dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl} -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamid, (3.025) (3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-Benzyl-3-[({3-[(isobutyryloxy)methoxy]-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl}carbonyl)amino]-6- methyl-4,9-dioxo-l,5-dioxonan-7-yl-2-methylpropanoat, (3.026) 2- {2-[(2,5-(3.024) (2S) -2- {2 - [(2,5-dimethylphenoxy) methyl] phenyl} -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, (3.025) (3S, 6S, 7R, 8R) -8-benzyl 3 - [({3 - [(isobutyryloxy) methoxy] -4-methoxypyridin-2-yl} carbonyl) amino] -6-methyl-4,9-dioxo-l, 5-dioxonan-7-yl-2-methylpropanoate , (3.026) 2- {2 - [(2,5-)
Dimethylphenoxy)methyl] phenyl} -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamid, (3.027) N-(3-Ethyl-3,5,5- trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-formamido-2-hydroxybenzamid, (3.028) (2E,3Z)-5- {[l-(4-Chlor-2-fluorphenyl)- lH-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}-2-(methoxyimino)-N,3-dimethylpent-3-enamid, (3.029) Methyl {5-[3-(2,4- dimethylphenyl)- 1 H-pyrazol- 1 -yl] -2-methylbenzyl} carbamate. 4) Inhibitoren der Mitose und Zellteilung, beispielsweise (4.001) Carbendazim, (4.002) Diethofencarb,Dimethylphenoxy) methyl] phenyl} -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, (3.027) N- (3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl) -3-formamido-2-hydroxybenzamide, (3.028) (2E, 3Z) -5- {[1- (4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-3-yl] oxy} -2- (methoxyimino) -N, 3-dimethylpent-3-enamide, (3.029) methyl {5 - [3- (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1 H -pyrazol-1-yl] -2-methylbenzyl} carbamate. 4) inhibitors of mitosis and cell division, for example, (4.001) carbendazim, (4.002) diethofencarb,
(4.003) Ethaboxam, (4.004) Fluopicolid, (4.005) Pencycuron, (4.006) Thiabendazol, (4.007) Thiophanat-Methyl, (4.008) Zoxamid, , (4.009) 3-Chlor-4-(2,6-difluorphenyl)-6-methyl-5- phenylpyridazin, (4.010) 3-Chlor-5-(4-chlorphenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorphenyl)-6-methylpyridazin, (4.011) 3- Chlor-5-(6-chlorpyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorphenyl)pyridazin, (4.012) 4-(2-Brom-4- fluorphenyl)-N-(2,6-difluorphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.013) 4-(2-Brom-4- fluorphenyl)-N-(2-brom-6-fluorphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.014) 4-(2-Brom-4- fluorphenyl)-N-(2-bromphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.015) 4-(2-Brom-4-fluorphenyl)-N- (2-chlor-6-fluorphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.016) 4-(2-Brom-4-fluorphenyl)-N-(2- chlorphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.017) 4-(2-Brom-4-fluorphenyl)-N-(2-fluorphenyl)- l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.018) 4-(2-Chlor-4-fluorphenyl)-N-(2,6-difluorphenyl)-l,3- dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.019) 4-(2-Chlor-4-fluorphenyl)-N-(2-chlor-6-fluorphenyl)-l,3- dimethyl- 1 H-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.020) 4-(2-Chlor-4-fluorphenyl)-N-(2-chlorphenyl)- 1 ,3-dimethyl- 1 H- pyrazol-5-amin, (4.021) 4-(2-Chlor-4-fluorphenyl)-N-(2-fluorphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.022) 4-(4-Chlorphenyl)-5-(2,6-difluorphenyl)-3,6-dimethylpyridazin, (4.023) N-(2-Brom-6- fluorphenyl)-4-(2-chlor-4-fluorphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.024) N-(2-Bromphenyl)-4- (2-chlor-4-fluorphenyl)-l,3-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-5-amin, (4.025) N-(4-Chlor-2,6-difluorphenyl)-4-(2- chlor-4-fluorphenyl)- 1 ,3-dimethyl- 1 H-pyrazol-5-amin. (4.003) ethaboxam, (4.004) fluopicolide, (4.005) pencycuron, (4.006) thiabendazole, (4.007) thiophanate-methyl, (4.008) zoxamide, (4.009) 3-chloro-4- (2,6-difluorophenyl) - 6-methyl-5-phenylpyridazine, (4.010) 3-chloro-5- (4-chlorophenyl) -4- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -6-methylpyridazine, (4.011) 3-chloro-5- (6-chloropyridine 3-yl) -6-methyl-4- (2,4,6-trifluorophenyl) pyridazine, (4.012) 4- (2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -1, 3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.013) 4- (2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5 amine, (4.014) 4- (2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2-bromophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4,015) 4- (2-bromophenyl) 4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.016) 4- (2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2 - chlorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.017) 4- (2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole -5-amine, (4.018) 4- (2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4,019) 4- (4-O) 2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) - N- (2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4,020) 4- (2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2-chlorophenyl) - 1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.021) 4- (2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) -N- (2-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5 amine, (4.022) 4- (4-chlorophenyl) -5- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -3,6-dimethylpyridazine, (4.023) N- (2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl) -4- (2-chloro 4-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, (4.024) N- (2-bromophenyl) -4- (2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H pyrazole-5-amine, (4.025) N- (4-chloro-2,6-difluorophenyl) -4- (2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine ,
5) Verbindungen mit Befähigung zu Multisite-Aktivität, beispielsweise (5.001) Bordeauxmischung, (5.002) Captafol, (5.003) Captan, (5.004) Chlorthalonil, (5.005) Kupferhydroxid, (5.006) Kupfemaphthenat, (5.007) Kupferoxid, (5.008) Kupferoxychlorid, (5.009) Kupfer(2+)-sulfat, (5.010) Dithianon, (5.011) Dodin, (5.012) Folpet, (5.013) Mancozeb, (5.014) Maneb, (5.015) Metiram, (5.016) Zinkmetiram, (5.017) Kupfer-Oxin, (5.018) Propineb, (5.019) Schwefel und Schwefelzubereitungen einschließlich Calciumpolysulfid, (5.020) Thiram, (5.021) Zineb, (5.022) Ziram, (5.023) 6-Ethyl-5,7- dioxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3',4':5,6][l,4]dithiino[2,3-c][l,2]thiazole-3-carbonitrile. 5) Compounds capable of multisite activity, for example (5.001) Bordeaux mixture, (5.002) captafol, (5.003) captan, (5.004) chlorothalonil, (5.005) copper hydroxide, (5.006) copper naphthenate, (5.007) copper oxide, (5.008) copper oxychloride , (5.009) copper (2+) sulfate, (5.010) dithianon, (5.011) dodin, (5.012) folpet, (5.013) mancozeb, (5.014) maneb, (5.015) metiram, (5.016) zinc metiram, (5.017) Copper-oxine, (5.018) propineb, (5.019) sulfur and sulfur compounds including calcium polysulfide, (5.020) thiram, (5.021) zineb, (5.022) ziram, (5.023) 6-ethyl-5,7-dioxo-6,7- dihydro-5H-pyrrolo [3 ', 4': 5,6] [l, 4] dithiino [2,3-c] [l, 2] thiazole-3-carbonitrile.
6) Verbindungen, die zum Auslösen einer Wirtsabwehr befähigt sind, beispielsweise (6.001) Acibenzolar-S-Methyl, (6.002) Isotianil, (6.003) Probenazol, (6.004) Tiadinil. 6) Compounds capable of inducing host defense, for example, (6.001) acibenzolar-S-methyl, (6.002) isotianil, (6.003) probenazole, (6.004) tiadinil.
7) Inhibitoren der Aminosäure- und/oder Protein-Biosynthese, beispielsweise (7.001) Cyprodinil, (7.002) Kasugamycin, (7.003) Kasugamycinhydrochlorid-hydrat, (7.004) Oxytetracyclin (7.005) Pyrimethanil, (7.006) 3-(5-Fluor-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisochinolin-l-yl)chinolin. 7) inhibitors of amino acid and / or protein biosynthesis, for example, (7,001) cyprodinil, (7,002) kasugamycin, (7,003) kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, (7,004) oxytetracycline (7,005) pyrimethanil, (7,006) 3- (5-fluoro) 3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-l-yl) quinoline.
(8) Inhibitoren der ATP-Produktion, beispielsweise (8.001) Silthiofam. (8) Inhibitors of ATP production, for example, (8,001) silthiofam.
9) Inhibitoren der Zellwandsynthese, beispielsweise (9.001) Benthiavalicarb, (9.002) Dimethomorph, (9.003) Flumorph, (9.004) Iprovalicarb, (9.005) Mandipropamid, (9.006) Pyrimorph, (9.007) Valifenalat, (9.008) (2E)-3-(4-tert.-Butylphenyl)-3-(2-chlorpyridin-4-yl)-l -(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en- l-on, (9.009) (2Z)-3-(4-tert.-Butylphenyl)-3-(2-chlorpyridin-4-yl)-l-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-l-on. 9) inhibitors of cell wall synthesis, for example (9.001) benthiavalicarb, (9.002) dimethomorph, (9.003) flumorph, (9.004) iprovalicarb, (9.005) mandipropamide, (9.006) pyrimorph, (9.007) Valifenalate, (9.008) (2E) -3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1- (morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one , (9.009) (2Z) -3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1- (morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one.
10) Inhibitoren der Lipid- und Membran-Synthese, beispielsweise (10.001) Propamocarb, (10.002) Propamocarbhydrochlorid, (10.003) Tolclofos-Methyl. 10) Inhibitors of lipid and membrane synthesis, for example (10,001) propamocarb, (10,002) propamocarb hydrochloride, (10,003) tolclofos-methyl.
11) Inhibitoren der Melanin-Biosynthese, beispielsweise (11.001) Tricyclazol, (11.002) 2,2,2- Trifluorethyl- {3-methyl-l-[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]butan-2-yl}carbamat. 11) Inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis, for example (11.001) tricyclazole, (11.002) 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl {3-methyl-1 - [(4-methylbenzoyl) amino] butan-2-yl} carbamate.
12) Inhibitoren der Nukleinsäuresynthese, beispielsweise (12.001) Benalaxyl, (12.002) Benalaxyl-M (Kiralaxyl), (12.003) Metalaxyl, (12.004) Metalaxyl-M (Mefenoxam). 12) inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, for example, (12.001) benalaxyl, (12.002) benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl), (12.003) metalaxyl, (12.004) metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam).
13) Inhibitoren der Signaltransduktion, beispielsweise (13.001) Fludioxonil, (13.002) Iprodion, (13.003) Procymidon, (13.004) Proquinazid, (13.005) Quinoxyfen, (13.006) Vinclozolin. 13) inhibitors of signal transduction, for example, (13.001) fludioxonil, (13.002) iprodione, (13.003) procymidone, (13.004) proquinazide, (13.005) quinoxyfen, (13.006) vinclozolin.
14) Verbindungen, die als Entkoppler wirken können, beispielsweise (14.001) Fluazinam, (14.002) Meptyldinocap. 14) compounds which may act as decouplers, for example (14.001) fluazinam, (14.002) meptyldinocap.
15) Weitere Verbindungen, beispielsweise (15.001) Abscisinsäure, (15.002) Benthiazol, (15.003)15) Further compounds, for example (15.001) abscisic acid, (15.002) benthiazole, (15.003)
Bethoxazin, (15.004) Capsimycin, (15.005) Carvon, (15.006) Chinomethionat, (15.007) Cufraneb, (15.008) Cyflufenamid, (15.009) Cymoxanil, (15.010) Cyprosulfamid, (15.011) Flutianil, (15.012) Fosetyl-Aluminium, (15.013) Fosetyl-Calcium, (15.014) Fosetyl-Natrium, (15.015) Methylisothiocyanat, (15.016) Metrafenon, (15.017) Mildiomycin, (15.018) Natamycin, (15.019) Nickel-Dimethyldithiocarbamat, (15.020) Nitrothal-Isopropyl, (15.021) Oxamocarb, (15.022) Oxathiapiprolin, (15.023) Oxyfenthiin, (15.024) Pentachlorphenol und Salze, (15.025) Phosphonsäure und deren Salze, (15.026) Propamocarb-fosetylat, (15.027) Pyriofenone (Chlazafenone) (15.028) Tebufloquin, (15.029) Tecloftalam, (15.030) Tolnifanide, (15.031) l-(4- {4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-Difluorphenyl)- 4,5-dihydro-l,2-oxazol-3-yl]-l,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-l-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-lH- pyrazol-l-yl]ethanon, (15.032) l-(4- {4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-Difluorphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-l,2-oxazol-3-yl]-l,3- thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-l -yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluormethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl]ethanon, (15.033) 2-(6-Bethoxazine, (15.004) Capsimycin, (15.005) Carvone, (15.006) Quinomethionate, (15.007) Cufraneb, (15.008) Cyflufenamid, (15.009) Cymoxanil, (15.010) Cyprosulfamide, (15.011) Flutianil, (15.012) Fosetyl-aluminum, ( 15.013) Fosetyl-calcium, (15.014) Fosetyl-sodium, (15.015) Methylisothiocyanate, (15.016) Metrafenone, (15.017) Mildiomycin, (15.018) Natamycin, (15.019) Nickel-dimethyldithiocarbamate, (15.020) Nitrothal-isopropyl, (15.021) Oxamocarb, (15.022) Oxathiapiproline, (15.023) Oxyfenthiine, (15.024) Pentachlorophenol and salts, (15.025) Phosphoric acid and its salts, (15.026) Propamocarb-fosetylate, (15.027) Pyriofenone (Chlazafenone) (15.028) Tebufloquine, (15.029) Tecloftalam , (15,030) Tolnifanide, (15,031) 1- (4- {4 - [(5R) -5- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl] -l , 3-thiazol-2-yl} piperidin-1-yl) -2- [5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] ethanone, (15.032) 1- (4- {4- [(5S) -5- (2,6-Difluorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl] -1,3-thiazol-2-yl} piperidin-1-yl) -2 - [5-methyl-3- (trifl uormethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] ethanone, (15.033) 2- (6-
Benzylpyridin-2-yl)quinazolin, (15.034) 2,6-Dimethyl-lH,5H-[l,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c']dipyrrol- l,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetron, (15.035) 2-[3,5-Bis(difluormethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl]-l -[4-(4- {5-[2-(prop-2-in-l- yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-l,2-oxazol-3-yl}-l,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-l-yl]ethanon, (15.036) 2-[3,5- Bis(difluormethyl)- 1 H-pyrazol- 1 -yl]- 1 - [4-(4- {5- [2-chlor-6-(prop-2-in- 1 -yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro- 1 ,2- oxazol-3-yl}-l,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-l-yl]ethanon, (15.037) 2-[3,5-Bis(difluormethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l- yl]-l-[4-(4- {5-[2-fluor-6-(prop-2-in-l-yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-l,2-oxazol-3-yl}-l,3-thiazol-2- yl)piperidin- 1 -yl] ethanon, (15.038) 2- [6-(3 -F luor-4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methylpyridin-2-yl]quinazolin, (15.039) 2- {(5R)-3-[2-(l- {[3,5-Bis(difluormethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-l,3-thiazol-4- yl]-4,5-dihydro-l,2-oxazol-5-yl} -3-chlorphenyl methanesulfonat, (15.040) 2- {(5S)-3-[2-(l - { [3,5- Bis(difluonnethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-l,3-tliiazol-4-yl]-4,5-diliydro-l,2-oxazol-5- yl}-3-chlorphenyl methanesulfonat, (15.041) 2- {2-[(7,8-Difluor-2-methylquinolin-3-yl)oxy]-6- fluorphenyl}propan-2-ol, (15.042) 2- {2-Fluor-6-[(8-fluor-2-methylquinolin-3-yl)oxy]phenyl}propan-2- ol, (15.043) 2- {3-[2-(l- {[3,5-Bis(difluormethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-l,3-thiazol-4- yl]-4,5-dihydro-l,2-oxazol-5-yl} -3-chlorphenyl-methansulfonat, (15.044) 2- {3-[2-(l - { [3,5-Benzylpyridin-2-yl) quinazoline, (15.034) 2,6-dimethyl-1H, 5H- [1,4] dithiino [2,3-c: 5,6-c '] dipyrrole, 3,5,7 (2H, 6H) -tetron, (15.035) 2- [3,5-bis (difluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] -1 - [4- (4- {5- [2- (prop-2 -in-1-yloxy) phenyl] -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl} -1,3-thiazol-2-yl) piperidin-1-yl] ethanone, (15.036) 2- [3,5-Bis (difluoromethyl) -1 H -pyrazol-1-yl] -1- [4- (4- {5- [2-chloro-6- (prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) -phenyl ] -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl} -1,3-thiazol-2-yl) piperidin-1-yl] ethanone, (15.037) 2- [3,5-bis (difluoromethyl ) -LH-pyrazol-1-yl] -1- [4- (4- {5- [2-fluoro-6- (prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) -phenyl] -4,5-dihydro-1 , 2-oxazol-3-yl} -1,3-thiazol-2-yl) piperidin-1-yl] ethanone, (15.038) 2- [6- (3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -5-methylpyridine -2-yl] quinazoline, (15.039) 2- {(5R) -3- [2- (1 - {[3,5-bis (difluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] -acetyl} -piperidine-4 yl) -1,3-thiazol-4-yl] -4,5-dihydro-l, 2-oxazol-5-yl} -3-chlorophenyl methanesulfonate, (15.040) 2- {(5S) -3- [2 - (l - {[3,5- Bis (difluoroethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] acetyl} piperidin-4-yl) -1,3-tiiazol-4-yl] -4,5-dilithiol-1,2-oxazol-5-yl} - 3-chlorophenyl methanesulfonate, (15.041) 2- {2 - [(7,8-Difluoro-2-methylquinolin-3-yl) oxy] -6-fluorophenyl} -propan-2-ol, (15.042) 2- {2- Fluoro-6 - [(8-fluoro-2-methylquinolin-3-yl) oxy] phenyl} propan-2-ol, (15.043) 2- {3- [2- (l- {[3,5-bis ( difluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] acetyl} piperidin-4-yl) -1,3-thiazol-4-yl] -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl} -3- chlorophenyl methanesulfonate, (15.044) 2- {3- [2- (l - {[3,5-
Bis(difluormethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-l,3-thiazol-4-yl]-4,5-diliydro-l,2-oxazol-5- y 1 ( phcnyl methanesulfonat, (15.045) 2-Phenylphenol und deren Salze, (15.046) 3-(4,4,5-Trifluor-3,3- dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-l-yl)quinolin, (15.047) 3-(4,4-Difluor-3,3-dimethyl-3,4- dihydroisoquinolin-l-yl)quinolin, (15.048) 4-Amino-5-fluorpyrimidin-2-ol (Tautomere Form: 4-Amino- 5-fluorpyrimidin-2(lH)-on), (15.049) 4-Oxo-4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]buttersäure, (15.050) 5-Amino- l,3,4-thiadiazol-2-thiol, (15.051) 5-Chlor-N'-phenyl-N'-(prop-2-yn-l -yl)thiophen-2-sulfonohydrazid, (15.052) 5-Fluor-2-[(4-fluorbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amin, (15.053) 5-Fluor-2-[(4- methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amin, (15.054) 9-Fluor-2,2-dimethyl-5-(quinolin-3-yl)-2,3-dihydro-l,4- benzoxazepin, (15.055) But-3-yn-l -yl {6-[({[(Z)-(l-methyl-lH-tetrazol-5- yl)(phenyl)methylen] amino } oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl} carbamat, (15.056) Ethyl (2Z)-3 -amino-2-cyano- 3-phenylacrylat, (15.057) Phenazin- 1 -carbonsäure, (15.058) Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoat, (15.059) Quinolin-8-ol, (15.060) Quinolin-8-ol sulfat (2: 1), (15.061) tert-Butyl {6-[({[(l-methyl-lH-tetrazol-5- yl)(phenyl)methylene] amino } oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl} carbamat, (15.062) 5-Fluor-4-imino-3 -methyl- 1 - [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl] -3 ,4-dihydropyrimidin-2( 1 H)-one. Bis (difluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] acetyl} piperidin-4-yl) -1,3-thiazol-4-yl] -4,5-dilithiol-l, 2-oxazol-5-y 1 ( phytyl methanesulfonate, (15.045) 2-phenylphenol and its salts, (15.046) 3- (4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) quinoline, (15.047) 3- (4,4-Difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) quinoline, (15.048) 4-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-2-ol (Tautomeric form: 4-amino-5-fluoropyrimidine -2 (1H) -one), (15.049) 4-oxo-4 - [(2-phenylethyl) amino] butyric acid, (15.050) 5-amino-l, 3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, (15.051) 5-Chloro-N'-phenyl-N '- (prop-2-yn-1-yl) thiophene-2-sulfonohydrazide, (15.052) 5-Fluoro-2 - [(4-fluorobenzyl) oxy] pyrimidine-4 amine, (15.053) 5-fluoro-2 - [(4-methylbenzyl) oxy] pyrimidin-4-amine, (15.054) 9-fluoro-2,2-dimethyl-5- (quinolin-3-yl) -2, 3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazepine, (15,055) but-3-yn-1-yl {6 - [({[(Z) - (1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) -methylene} ] amino} oxy) methyl] pyridin-2-yl} carbamate, (15.056) ethyl (2Z) -3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate, (15.057) phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (15.058) propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, (15.059) quinolin-8-ol, (15.060) quinolin-8-ol sulfate (2: 1), (15.061) tert-butyl {6 - [({ [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) methylene] amino} oxy) methyl] pyridin-2-yl} carbamate, (15.062) 5-fluoro-4-imino-3-methyl-1 - [(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl] -3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2 (1H) -one.
Biologische Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel als Mischungskomponenten Biological pesticides as mixture components
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) können mit biologischen Schädlingsbekämpfungsmiteln kombiniert werden. The compounds of formula (I) may be combined with biological pest control agents.
Biologische Schädlingsbekämpfungsmitel umfassen insbesondere Bakterien, Pilze, Hefen, Pflanzenextrakte und solche Produkte, die von Mikroorganismen gebildet wurden inklusive Proteine und sekundäre Stoffwechselprodukte. Biological pest control agents include, in particular, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, plant extracts and such products formed by microorganisms including proteins and secondary metabolites.
Biologische Schädlingsbekämpfungsmitel umfassen Bakterien wie sporenbildende Bakterien, wurzelbesiedelnde Bakterien und Bakterien, die als biologische lnsektizide, Fungizide oder Nematizide wirken. Biological pest control agents include bacteria such as spore-forming bacteria, root-colonizing bacteria and bacteria which act as biological insecticides, fungicides or nematicides.
Beispiele für solche Bakterien, die als biologische Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel eingesetzt werden bzw. verwendet werden können, sind: Examples of such bacteria which can be used as biological pesticides are:
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Stamm FZB42 (DSM 231179), oder Bacillus cereus, insbesondere B. cereus Stamm CNCM 1-1562 oder Bacillus firmus, Stamm 1-1582 (Accession number CNCM 1-1582) oder Bacillus pumilus, insbesondere Stamm GB34 (Accession No. ATCC 700814) und Stamm QST2808 (Accession No. NRRL B-30087), oder Bacillus subtilis, insbesondere Stamm GB03 (Accession No. ATCC SD-1397), oder Bacillus subtilis Stamm QST713 (Accession No. NRRL B-21661) oder Bacillus subtilis Stamm OST 30002 (Accession No. NRRL B-50421), Bacillus thuringiensis, insbesondere B. thuringiensis Subspezies israelensis (Serotyp H-14), Stamm AM65-52 (Accession No. ATCC 1276), oder B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, insbesondere Stamm ABTS- 1857 (SD-1372), oder B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Stamm HD-l, oder B. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis Stamm NB 176 (SD-5428), Pasteuria penetrans, Pasteuria spp. (Rotylenchulus reniformis nematode)-PR3 (Accession Number ATCC SD-5834), Streptomyces microflavus Stamm AQ6121 (= QRD 31.013, NRRL B-50550), Streptomyces galbus Stamm AQ 6047 (Acession Number NRRL 30232). Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, strain FZB42 (DSM 231179), or Bacillus cereus, in particular B. cereus strain CNCM 1-1562 or Bacillus firmus, strain 1-1582 (Accession number CNCM 1-1582) or Bacillus pumilus, especially strain GB34 (Accession no. ATCC 700814) and strain QST2808 (Accession No. NRRL B-30087), or Bacillus subtilis, especially strain GB03 (Accession No. ATCC SD-1397), or Bacillus subtilis strain QST713 (Accession No. NRRL B-21661) or Bacillus subtilis strain OST 30002 (Accession No NRRL B-50421), Bacillus thuringiensis, in particular B. thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (serotype H-14), strain AM65-52 (Accession No. ATCC 1276), or B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, in particular strain ABTS-1857 (SD-1372), or B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain HD-1, or B. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis strain NB 176 (SD-5428), Pasteuria penetrans, Pasteuria spp. (Rotylenchulus reniformis nematode) -PR3 (Accession Number ATCC SD-5834), Streptomyces microflavus strain AQ6121 (= QRD 31.013, NRRL B-50550), Streptomyces galbus strain AQ 6047 (Accession Number NRRL 30232).
Beispiele für Pilze und Hefen, die als biologische Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel eingesetzt werden bzw. verwendet werden können, sind: Examples of fungi and yeasts which can be used as biological pesticides are:
Beauveria bassiana, insbesondere Stamm ATCC 74040, Coniothyrium minitans, insbesondere Stamm CON/M/91-8 (Accession No. DSM-9660), Lecanicillium spp., insbesondere Stamm HRO LEC 12, Lecanicillium lecanii (ehemals bekannt als Verticillium lecanii ), insbesondere Stamm KV01, Metarhizium anisopliae, insbesondere Stamm F52 (DSM3884/ ATCC 90448), Metschnikowia fructicola, insbesondere Stamm NRRL Y-30752, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (heu: Isaria fumosorosea) , insbesondere Stamm 1FPC 200613, oder Stamm Apopka 97 (Accesion No. ATCC 20874), Paecilomyces lilacinus, insbesondere P. lilacinus Stamm 251 (AGAL 89/030550), Talaromyces flavus, insbesondere Stamm Vl l7b, Trichoderma atroviride, insbesondere Stamm SC1 (Accession Number CBS 122089), Trichoderma harzianum, insbesondere T. harzianum rifai T39. (Accession Number CNCM 1-952). Beauveria bassiana, in particular strain ATCC 74040, coniothyrium minitans, in particular strain CON / M / 91-8 (Accession No. DSM-9660), Lecanicillium spp., In particular strain HRO LEC 12, Lecanicillium lecanii (formerly known as Verticillium lecanii), in particular Strain KV01, Metarhizium anisopliae, in particular strain F52 (DSM3884 / ATCC 90448), Metschnikowia fructicola, in particular strain NRRL Y-30752, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (hay: Isaria fumosorosea), in particular strain 1FPC 200613, or strain Apopka 97 (Accesion No. ATCC 20874 ), Paecilomyces lilacinus, in particular P. lilacinus strain 251 (AGAL 89/030550), Talaromyces flavus, in particular strain VI17b, Trichoderma atroviride, in particular strain SC1 (Accession Number CBS 122089), Trichoderma harzianum, in particular T.harzianum rifai T39. (Accession Number CNCM 1-952).
Beispiele für Viren, die als biologische Schädlingsbekämpfüngsmittel eingesetzt werden bzw. verwendet werden können, sind: Examples of viruses that can be used or used as biological pest control agents are:
Adoxophyes orana (Apfelschalenwickler) Granulosevirus (GV), Cydia pomonella (Apfelwickler) Granulosevirus (GV), Helicoverpa armigera (Baumwollkapselwurm) Nuklear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV), Spodoptera exigua (Zuckerrübeneule) mNPV, Spodoptera frugiperda (Heerwurm) mNPV, Spodoptera littoralis (Afrikanischer Baumwollwurm) NPV. Adoxophyes orana (Apple peel winder) Granulosis virus (GV), Cydia pomonella (codling moth) Granulosis virus (GV), Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm) Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV), Spodoptera exigua (mNPV), Spodoptera frugiperda (armyworm) mNPV, Spodoptera littoralis (African Cotton worm) NPV.
Es sind auch Bakterien und Pilze umfasst, die als ,lnokulant‘ Pflanzen oder Pflanzenteilen oder Pflanzenorganen beigegeben werden und durch ihre besonderen Eigenschaften das Pflanzenwachstum und die Pflanzengesundheit fördern. Als Beispiele sind genannt: Also included are bacteria and fungi which are added as 'inoculant' plants or parts of plants or plant organs and, by virtue of their particular properties, promote plant growth and plant health. Examples are:
Agrobacterium spp., Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azospirillum spp., Azotobacter spp., Bradyrhizobium spp., Burkholderia spp., insbesondere Burkholderia cepacia (ehemals bekannt als Pseudomonas cepacia), Gigaspora spp., oder Gigaspora monosporum, Glomus spp., Laccaria spp., Lactobacillus buchneri, Paraglomus spp., Pisolithus tinctorus, Pseudomonas spp., Rhizobium spp., insbesondere Rhizobium trifolii, Rhizopogon spp., Scleroderma spp., Suillus spp., Streptomyces spp.. Agrobacterium spp., Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azospirillum spp., Azotobacter spp., Bradyrhizobium spp., Burkholderia spp., In particular Burkholderia cepacia (formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia), Gigaspora spp., Or Gigaspora monosporum, Glomus spp., Laccaria spp. Lactobacillus Buchneri, Paraglomus spp., Pisolithus tinctorus, Pseudomonas spp., Rhizobium spp., especially Rhizobium trifolii, Rhizopogon spp., Scleroderma spp., Suillus spp., Streptomyces spp.
Beispiele für Pflanzenextrakte und solche Produkte, die von Mikroorganismen gebildet wurden inklusive Proteine und sekundäre Stoffwechselprodukte, die als biologische Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel eingesetzt werden bzw. verwendet werden können, sind: Examples of plant extracts and those products formed by microorganisms, including proteins and secondary metabolites, which can be used as biological pesticides are:
Allium sativum, Artemisia absinthium, Azadirachtin, Biokeeper WP, Cassia nigricans, Celastrus angulatus, Chenopodium anthelminticum, Chitin, Armour-Zen, Dryopteris filix-mas, Equisetum arvense, Fortune Aza, Fungastop, Heads Up (Chenopodium quinoa-Saponinextrakt), Pyrethrum/Pyrethrine, Quassia amara, Quercus, Quillaja, Regalia,„Requiem™ lnsecticide“, Rotenon, Ryania/Ryanodine, Symphytum officinale, Tanacetum vulgare, Thymol, Triact 70, TriCon, Tropaeulum majus, Urtica dioica, Veratrin, Viscum album, Brassicacaeen-Extrakt, insbesondere Raps- oder Senfpulver. Allium sativum, Artemisia absinthium, Azadirachtin, Biokeeper WP, Cassia nigricans, Celastrus angulatus, Chenopodium anthelminticum, Chitin, Armor Zen, Dryopteris filix-mas, Equisetum arvense, Fortune Aza, Fungastop, Heads Up (Chenopodium quinoa saponin extract), Pyrethrum / Pyrethrins, Quassia amara, Quercus, Quillaja, Regalia, "Requiem ™ insecticide", rotenone, Ryania / Ryanodine, Symphytum officinale, Tanacetum vulgare, Thymol, Triact 70, TriCon, Tropaeulum majus, Urtica dioica, Veratrin, Viscum album, Brassicacaeen extract , in particular rapeseed or mustard powder.
Safener als Mischungskomponenten Safener as a mixture component
Die Verbindungen der Formel (1) können mit Safenern kombiniert werden, wie zum Beispiel Benoxacor, Cloquintocet (-mexyl), Cyometrinil, Cyprosulfamide, Dichlormid, Fenchlorazole (-ethyl), Fenclorim, Flurazole, Fluxofenim, Furilazole, lsoxadifen (-ethyl), Mefenpyr (-diethyl), Naphthalic anhydride, Oxabetrinil, 2-Methoxy-N-({4-[(methylcarbamoyl)amino]phenyl}sulfonyl)benzamid (CAS 129531-12-0), 4-(Dichloracetyl)-l-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decan (CAS 71526-07-3), 2,2,5-Trimethyl-3- (dichloracetyl)-l,3-oxazolidin (CAS 52836-31-4). The compounds of formula (1) may be combined with safeners such as Benoxacor, Cloquintocet (-mexyl), Cyometrinil, Cyprosulfamide, Dichlormid, Fenchlorazole (-ethyl), Fenclorim, Flurazole, Fluxofenim, Furilazole, Isoxadifen (-ethyl), Mefenpyr (-diethyl), naphthalene anhydride, oxabetrinil, 2-methoxy-N - ({4 - [(methylcarbamoyl) amino] phenyl} sulfonyl) benzamide (CAS 129531-12-0), 4- (dichloroacetyl) -l-oxa 4-azaspiro [4.5] decane (CAS 71526-07-3), 2,2,5-trimethyl-3- (dichloroacetyl) -1,3-oxazolidine (CAS 52836-31-4).
Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile Plants and plant parts
Erfindungsgemäß können alle Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile behandelt werden. Unter Pflanzen werden hierbei alle Pflanzen und Pflanzenpopulationen verstanden wie erwünschte und unerwünschte Wildpflanzen oder Kulturpflanzen (einschließlich natürlich vorkommender Kulturpflanzen), beispielsweise Getreide (Weizen, Reis, Triticale, Gerste, Roggen, Hafer), Mais, Soja, Kartoffel, Zuckerrüben, Zuckerrohr, Tomaten, Paprika, Gurke, Melone, Möhre, Wassermelone, Zwiebel, Salat, Spinat, Porree, Bohnen, Brassica oleracea (z. B. Kohl) und andere Gemüsesorten, Baumwolle, Tabak, Raps, sowie Obstpflanzen (mit den Früchten Äpfel, Birnen, Zitrusfrüchte und Weintrauben). Kulturpflanzen können Pflanzen sein, die durch konventionelle Züchtungs- und Optimierungsmethoden oder durch biotechnologische und gentechnologische Methoden oder Kombinationen dieser Methoden erhalten werden können, einschließlich der transgenen Pflanzen und einschließlich der durch Sortenschutzrechte schützbaren oder nicht schützbaren Pflanzensorten. Unter Pflanzen sollen alle Entwicklungsstadien wie Saatgut, Stecklinge, junge (unausgereifte) Pflanzen bis hin zu ausgereiften Pflanzen verstanden werden. Unter Pflanzenteilen sollen alle oberirdischen und unterirdischen Teile und Organe der Pflanzen wie Spross, Blatt, Blüte und Wurzel verstanden werden, wobei beispielhaft Blätter, Nadeln, Stängel, Stämme, Blüten, Fruchtkörper, Früchte und Samen sowie Wurzeln, Knollen und Rhizome aufgeführt werden. Zu den Pflanzenteilen gehören auch geerntete Pflanzen oder geerntete Pflanzenteile sowie vegetatives und generatives Vermehrungsmaterial, beispielsweise Stecklinge, Knollen, Rhizome, Ableger und Samen. According to the invention, all plants and parts of plants can be treated. Plants are understood to mean all plants and plant populations, such as desirable and unwanted wild plants or crops (including naturally occurring crops), for example cereals (wheat, rice, triticale, barley, rye, oats), corn, soybeans, potatoes, sugar beets, sugarcane, tomatoes , Paprika, cucumber, melon, carrot, watermelon, onion, lettuce, spinach, leek, beans, Brassica oleracea (eg cabbage) and other vegetables, cotton, tobacco, rapeseed, as well as fruit plants (with the fruits apples, pears, Citrus fruits and grapes). Crop plants can be plants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimization methods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods or combinations of these methods, including the transgenic plants and including the plant varieties which can or can not be protected by plant breeders' rights. Plants are to be understood as meaning all stages of development, such as seeds, cuttings, young (unripe) plants and mature plants. Under plant parts are all aboveground and underground parts and Organs of plants such as shoot, leaf, flower and root are understood, with examples of leaves, needles, stems, stems, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits and seeds and roots, tubers and rhizomes are listed. The plant parts also include harvested plants or harvested plant parts as well as vegetative and generative propagation material, for example cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, offshoots and seeds.
Die erfindungsgemäße Behandlung der Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile mit den Verbindungen der Formel (I) erfolgt direkt oder durch Einwirkung der Verbindungen auf die Umgebung, den Lebensraum oder den Lagerraum nach den üblichen Behandlungsmethoden, z. B. durch Eintauchen, Spritzen, Verdampfen, Vernebeln, Streuen, Aufstreichen, Injizieren und bei Vermehrungsmaterial, insbesondere bei Saatgut, weiterhin durch ein- oder mehrschichtiges Umhüllen. The treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant parts with the compounds of the formula (I) is carried out directly or by the action of the compounds on the environment, the habitat or the storage space according to the usual treatment methods, eg. B. by immersion, spraying, evaporation, nebulization, scattering, brushing, injecting and propagating material, especially in seeds, further by single or multi-layer wrapping.
Wie bereits oben erwähnt, können erfindungsgemäß alle Pflanzen und deren Teile behandelt werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden wild vorkommende oder durch konventionelle biologische Zuchtmethoden wie Kreuzung oder Protoplastenfusion erhaltene Pflanzenarten und Pflanzensorten sowie deren Teile behandelt. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden transgene Pflanzen und Pflanzensorten, die durch gentechnologische Methoden gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit konventionellen Methoden erhalten wurden (Genetically Modified Organisms) und deren Teile behandelt. Der Begriff„Teile“ bzw.„Teile von Pflanzen“ oder„Pflanzenteile“ wurde oben erläutert. Besonders bevorzugt werden erfindungsgemäß Pflanzen der jeweils handelsüblichen oder in Gebrauch befindlichen Pflanzensorten behandelt. Unter Pflanzensorten versteht man Pflanzen mit neuen Eigenschaften („Traits“), die durch konventionelle Züchtung, durch Mutagenese oder durch rekombinante DNA-Techniken erhalten worden sind. Dies können Sorten, Rassen, Bio- und Genotypen sein. As already mentioned above, according to the invention all plants and their parts can be treated. In a preferred embodiment, wild-type or plant species and plant varieties obtained by conventional biological breeding methods such as crossing or protoplast fusion and parts thereof are treated. In a further preferred embodiment, transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering, if appropriate in combination with conventional methods (Genetically Modified Organisms), and parts thereof are treated. The term "parts" or "parts of plants" or "plant parts" has been explained above. It is particularly preferred according to the invention to treat plants of the respective commercially available or in use plant cultivars. Plant varieties are understood as meaning plants having new traits which have been obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. These may be varieties, breeds, biotypes and genotypes.
Transgene Pflanze, Saatgutbehandlung und Integrationsereignisse Transgenic plant, seed treatment and integration events
Zu den bevorzugten erfindungsgemäß zu behandelnden transgenen (gentechnologisch erhaltenen) Pflanzen bzw. Pflanzensorten gehören alle Pflanzen, die durch die gentechnologische Modifikation genetisches Material erhielten, welches diesen Pflanzen besondere vorteilhafte wertvolle Eigenschaften ("Traits") verleiht. Beispiele für solche Eigenschaften sind besseres Pflanzenwachstum, erhöhte Toleranz gegenüber hohen oder niedrigen Temperaturen, erhöhte Toleranz gegen Trockenheit oder gegen Wasser- bzw. Bodensalzgehalt, erhöhte Blühleistung, erleichterte Ernte, Beschleunigung der Reife, höhere Emteerträge, höhere Qualität und/oder höherer Emährungswert der Emteprodukte, höhere Lagerfähigkeit und/oder Bearbeitbarkeit der Emteprodukte. Weitere und besonders hervorgehobene Beispiele für solche Eigenschaften sind eine erhöhte Abwehrfähigkeit der Pflanzen gegen tierische und mikrobielle Schädlinge, wie Insekten, Spinnentiere, Nematoden, Milben, Schnecken, bewirkt z. B. durch in den Pflanzen entstehende Toxine, insbesondere solche, die durch das genetische Material aus Bacillus Thuringiensis (z. B. durch die Gene CrylA(a), CrylA(b), CrylA(c), CryllA, CrylllA, CryIIIB2, Cry9c Cry2Ab, Cry3Bb und CrylF sowie deren Kombinationen) in den Pflanzen erzeugt werden, ferner eine erhöhte Abwehrfähigkeit der Pflanzen gegen pflanzenpathogene Pilze, Bakterien und/oder Viren, bewirkt z. B. durch Systemisch Akquirierte Resistenz (SAR), Systemin, Phytoalexine, Elicitoren sowie Resistenzgene und entsprechend exprimierte Proteine und Toxine, sowie eine erhöhte Toleranz der Pflanzen gegen bestimmte herbizide Wirkstoffe, beispielsweise Imidazolinone, Sulfonylharnstoffe, Glyphosat oder Phosphinotricin (z. B. "PAT"-Gen). Die jeweils die gewünschten Eigenschaften ("Traits") verleihenden Gene können auch in Kombinationen miteinander in den transgenen Pflanzen Vorkommen. Als Beispiele transgener Pflanzen werden die wichtigen Kulturpflanzen, wie Getreide (Weizen, Reis, Triticale, Gerste, Roggen, Hafer), Mais, Soja, Kartoffel, Zuckerrüben, Zuckerrohr, Tomaten, Erbsen und andere Gemüsesorten, Baumwolle, Tabak, Raps, sowie Obstpflanzen (mit den Früchten Äpfel, Birnen, Zitrusfrüchte und Weintrauben) erwähnt, wobei Mais, Soja, Weizen, Reis, Kartoffel, Baumwolle, Zuckerrohr, Tabak und Raps besonders hervorgehoben werden. Als Eigenschaften ("Traits") werden besonders hervorgehoben die erhöhte Abwehrfähigkeit der Pflanzen gegen Insekten, Spinnentiere, Nematoden und Schnecken. The preferred plants or plant varieties to be treated according to the invention to be treated include all plants which, as a result of the genetic engineering modification, obtained genetic material which gives these plants particularly advantageous valuable properties ("traits"). Examples of such properties are better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or soil salinity, increased flowering, easier harvest, acceleration of ripeness, higher crop yields, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the emmentaries , higher shelf life and / or machinability of Emteprodukte. Further and particularly emphasized examples of such properties are an increased resistance of the plants against animal and microbial pests, such as insects, arachnids, nematodes, mites, snails, causes z. By toxins produced in the plants, in particular those produced by the genetic material from Bacillus Thuringiensis (for example, by the genes CrylA (a), CrylA (b), CrylA (c), CryllA, CrylllA, CryIIIB2, Cry9c Cry2Ab, Cry3Bb and CrylF and combinations thereof) are also produced in the plants, and an increased defensive ability the plants against phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and / or viruses, z. For example, systemically acquired resistance (SAR), systemin, phytoalexins, elicitors and resistance genes and correspondingly expressed proteins and toxins, as well as an increased tolerance of the plants to certain herbicidal active compounds, for example imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, glyphosate or phosphinotricin (eg "PAT "-Gene). The genes which confer the desired properties ("traits") can also be present in combinations with one another in the transgenic plants. Examples of transgenic plants are the important crops such as cereals (wheat, rice, triticale, barley, rye, oats), corn, soy, potato, sugar beets, sugarcane, tomatoes, peas and other vegetables, cotton, tobacco, oilseed rape, and fruit plants (with the fruits apples, pears, citrus fruits and grapes), with emphasis on corn, soy, wheat, rice, potato, cotton, sugar cane, tobacco and oilseed rape. Traits that are particularly emphasized are the increased resistance of the plants to insects, arachnids, nematodes and snails.
Pflanzenschutz - Behandlungsarten Plant protection - types of treatment
Die Behandlung der Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile mit den Verbindungen der Formel (I) erfolgt direkt oder durch Einwirkung auf deren Umgebung, Lebensraum oder Lagerraum nach den üblichen Behandlungsmethoden, z. B. durch Tauchen, Spritzen, Sprühen, Berieseln, Verdampfen, Zerstäuben, Vernebeln, Verstreuen, Verschäumen, Bestreichen, Verstreichen, Injizieren, Gießen (drenchen), Tröpfchenbewässerung und bei Vermehrungsmaterial, insbesondere bei Saatgut, weiterhin durch Trockenbeizen, Nassbeizen, Schlämmbeizen, Inkrustieren, ein- oder mehrschichtiges Umhüllen, usw. Es ist ferner möglich, die Verbindungen der Formel (I) nach dem Ultra-Low- Volume- Verfahren auszubringen oder die Anwendungsform oder die Verbindung der Formel (I) selbst in den Boden zu injizieren. The treatment of the plants and plant parts with the compounds of formula (I) is carried out directly or by acting on their environment, habitat or storage space according to the usual treatment methods, eg. B. by dipping, spraying, spraying, sprinkling, vaporizing, atomizing, atomizing, scattering, foaming, brushing, spreading, injecting, pouring (drenchen), drip irrigation and propagating material, especially in seeds, further by dry pickling, wet pickling, slurry pickling, encrusting It is also possible to apply the compounds of the formula (I) by the ultra-low-volume method or to inject the application form or the compound of the formula (I) itself into the soil.
Eine bevorzugte direkte Behandlung der Pflanzen ist die Blattapplikation, d. h. die Verbindungen der Formel (I) werden auf das Blattwerk aufgebracht, wobei die Behandlungsfrequenz und die Aufwandmenge auf den Befallsdruck des jeweiligen Schädlings abgestimmt sein sollte. A preferred direct treatment of the plants is foliar application, i. H. the compounds of the formula (I) are applied to the foliage, wherein the treatment frequency and the application rate should be matched to the infestation pressure of the respective pest.
Bei systemisch wirksamen Wirkstoffen gelangen die Verbindungen der Formel (I) auch über das Wurzelwerk in die Pflanzen. Die Behandlung der Pflanzen erfolgt dann durch Einwirkung der Verbindungen der Formel (I) auf den Lebensraum der Pflanze. Das kann beispielsweise durch Drenchen, Einmischen in den Boden oder die Nährlösung sein, d. h. der Standort der Pflanze (z. B. Boden oder hydroponische Systeme) wird mit einer flüssigen Form der Verbindungen der Formel (I) getränkt, oder durch die Bodenapplikation, d. h. die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen der Formel (I) werden in fester Form (z. B. in Form eines Granulats) in den Standort der Pflanzen eingebracht, oder durch Tropfapplikation („drip“, oftmals auch als "Chemigation" bezeichnet), d.h. die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen der Formel (I) werden mittels Oberflächen- oder Untergrund- Tropfirohren über bestimmte Zeiträume zusammen mit variierenden Mengen an Wasser an definierten Stellen in der Nähe der Pflanzen eingebracht. Bei Wasserreiskulturen kann das auch durch Zudosieren der Verbindung der Formel (I) in einer festen Anwendungsform (z. B. als Granulat) in ein überflutetes Reisfeld sein. In the case of systemically active substances, the compounds of the formula (I) also enter the plants via the root system. The treatment of the plants is then carried out by the action of the compounds of formula (I) on the habitat of the plant. This may be, for example, by drenching, mixing into the soil or the nutrient solution, ie the location of the plant (eg soil or hydroponic systems) is impregnated with a liquid form of the compounds of formula (I), or by soil application, ie the compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention are introduced in solid form (eg in the form of a granulate) into the location of the plants, or by drip application ("drip", often also referred to as "Chemigation"), ie the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention by means of surfaces or subterranean drip irrigation tubes are introduced over specific periods along with varying amounts of water at defined locations near the plants. In water rice crops this may also be by metered addition of the compound of formula (I) in a solid form (eg as granules) into a flooded paddy field.
Saatgutbehandlung seed treatment
Die Bekämpfung von tierischen Schädlingen durch die Behandlung des Saatguts von Pflanzen ist seit langem bekannt und ist Gegenstand ständiger Verbesserungen. Dennoch ergeben sich bei der Be handlung von Saatgut eine Reihe von Problemen, die nicht immer zufriedenstellend gelöst werden können. So ist es erstrebenswert, Verfahren zum Schutz des Saatguts und der keimenden Pflanze zu entwickeln, die das zusätzliche Ausbringen von Schädlingsbekämpfungsmitteln bei der Lagerung, nach der Saat oder nach dem Auflaufen der Pflanzen überflüssig machen oder zumindest deutlich verringern. Es ist weiterhin erstrebenswert, die Menge des eingesetzten Wirkstoffs dahingehend zu optimieren, dass das Saatgut und die keimende Pflanze vor dem Befall durch tierische Schädlinge bestmöglich geschützt werden, ohne jedoch die Pflanze selbst durch den eingesetzten Wirkstoff zu schädigen lnsbesondere sollten Verfahren zur Behandlung von Saatgut auch die intrinsischen insektiziden bzw. nematiziden Eigenschaften schädlingsresistenter bzw. -toleranter transgener Pflanzen einbeziehen, um einen optimalen Schutz des Saatguts und auch der keimenden Pflanze bei einem minimalen Aufwand an Schädlingsbekämpfungsmitteln zu erreichen. The control of animal pests by the treatment of the seed of plants has long been known and is the subject of constant improvement. Nevertheless, there are a number of problems with the treatment of seeds that can not always be satisfactorily resolved. Thus, it is desirable to develop methods for protecting the seed and the germinating plant which eliminate or at least significantly reduce the additional application of pesticides during storage, after sowing or after emergence of the plants. It is also desirable to optimize the amount of the active ingredient used in such a way that the seed and the germinating plant are best protected against attack by animal pests, but without damaging the plant itself by the active ingredient used. In particular, methods for treating seed should also incorporate the intrinsic insecticidal or nematicidal properties of pest-resistant or tolerant transgenic plants in order to achieve optimal protection of the seed and also of the germinating plant with a minimal amount of pesticides.
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich daher insbesondere auch auf ein Verfahren zum Schutz von Saatgut und keimenden Pflanzen vor dem Befall von Schädlingen, indem das Saatgut mit einer der Verbindungen der Formel (1) behandelt wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Schutz von Saatgut und keimenden Pflanzen vor dem Befall von Schädlingen umfasst ferner ein Verfahren, in dem das Saatgut gleichzeitig in einem Vorgang oder sequentiell mit einer Verbindung der Formel (1) und einer Mischungskomponente behandelt wird. Es umfasst ferner auch ein Verfahren, in dem das Saatgut zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten mit einer Verbindung der Formel (1) und einer Mischungskomponente behandelt wird. The present invention therefore more particularly relates to a method of protecting seed and germinating plants from attack by pests by treating the seed with one of the compounds of formula (1). The method according to the invention for the protection of seeds and germinating plants from infestation by pests further comprises a method in which the seed is treated simultaneously in one operation or sequentially with a compound of formula (1) and a mixture component. It also further comprises a process in which the seed is treated at different times with a compound of formula (1) and a mixture component.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich ebenfalls auf die Verwendung der Verbindungen der Formel (1) zur Behandlung von Saatgut zum Schutz des Saatguts und der daraus entstehenden Pflanze vor tierischen Schädlingen. The invention also relates to the use of the compounds of formula (1) for the treatment of seed for the protection of the seed and the resulting plant from animal pests.
Weiterhin bezieht sich die Erfindung auf Saatgut, welches zum Schutz vor tierischen Schädlingen mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbindung der Formel (1) behandelt wurde. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf Saatgut, welches zur gleichen Zeit mit einer Verbindung der Formel (I) und einer Mischungskomponente behandelt wurde. Die Erfindung bezieht sich weiterhin auf Saatgut, welches zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten mit einer Verbindung der Formel (I) und einer Mischungskomponente behandelt wurde. Bei Saatgut, welches zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten mit einer Verbindung der Formel (I) und einer Mischungskomponente behandelt wurde, können die einzelnen Substanzen in unterschiedlichen Schichten auf dem Saatgut vorhanden sein. Dabei können die Schichten, die eine Verbindung der Formel (I) und Mischungskomponenten enthalten, gegebenenfalls durch eine Zwischenschicht getrennt sein. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf Saatgut, bei dem eine Verbindung der Formel (I) und eine Mischungskomponente als Bestandteil einer Umhüllung oder als weitere Schicht oder weitere Schichten zusätzlich zu einer Umhüllung aufgebracht sind. Furthermore, the invention relates to seed which has been treated for protection against animal pests with a compound of the formula (1) according to the invention. The invention also relates seed treated at the same time with a compound of formula (I) and a mixture component. The invention further relates to seed which has been treated at different times with a compound of formula (I) and a mixture component. For seeds which have been treated at different times with a compound of formula (I) and a mixture component, the individual substances may be present in different layers on the seed. In this case, the layers which comprise a compound of the formula (I) and mixture components may optionally be separated by an intermediate layer. The invention also relates to seed in which a compound of the formula (I) and a mixture component are applied as part of a coating or as a further layer or further layers in addition to a coating.
Des Weiteren bezieht sich die Erfindung auf Saatgut, welches nach der Behandlung mit einer Verbindung der Formel (I) einem Filmcoating-Verfahren unterzogen wird, um Staubabrieb am Saatgut zu vermeiden. Furthermore, the invention relates to seed which, after treatment with a compound of the formula (I), is subjected to a film coating process in order to avoid dust abrasion on the seed.
Einer der auftretenden Vorteile, wenn eine Verbindung der Formel (I) systemisch wirkt, ist es, dass die Behandlung des Saatguts nicht nur das Saatgut selbst, sondern auch die daraus hervorgehenden Pflanzen nach dem Auflaufen vor tierischen Schädlingen schützt. Auf diese Weise kann die unmittelbare Behandlung der Kultur zum Zeitpunkt der Aussaat oder kurz danach entfallen. One of the advantages that occurs when a compound of formula (I) acts systemically is that treatment of the seed protects not only the seed itself, but also the resulting plants after emergence from animal pests. In this way, the immediate treatment of the culture at the time of sowing or shortly afterwards can be omitted.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist darin zu sehen, dass durch die Behandlung des Saatguts mit einer Verbindung der Formel (I) Keimung und Auflauf des behandelten Saatguts gefördert werden können. Another advantage is the fact that by treating the seed with a compound of formula (I) germination and emergence of the treated seed can be promoted.
Ebenso ist es als vorteilhaft anzusehen, dass Verbindungen der Formel (I) insbesondere auch bei transgenem Saatgut eingesetzt werden können. Likewise, it is considered to be advantageous that compounds of the formula (I) can also be used in particular in the case of transgenic seed.
Verbindungen der Formel (I) können ferner in Kombination mit Mitteln der Signaltechnologie eingesetzt werden, wodurch eine bessere Besiedlung mit Symbionten, wie zum Beispiel Rhizobien, Mycorrhiza und/oder endophytischen Bakterien oder Pilzen, stattfindet und/oder es zu einer optimierten Stickstofffixierung kommt. Compounds of formula (I) may also be used in combination with signal technology agents whereby better colonization with symbionts such as rhizobia, mycorrhiza and / or endophytic bacteria or fungi takes place and / or optimized nitrogen fixation occurs.
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) eignen sich zum Schutz von Saatgut jeglicher Pflanzensorte, die in der Landwirtschaft, im Gewächshaus, in Forsten oder im Gartenbau eingesetzt wird. Insbesondere handelt es sich dabei um Saatgut von Getreide (z. B. Weizen, Gerste, Roggen, Hirse und Hafer), Mais, Baumwolle, Soja, Reis, Kartoffeln, Sonnenblume, Kaffee, Tabak, Canola, Raps, Rübe (z. B. Zuckerrübe und Futterrübe), Erdnuss, Gemüse (z. B. Tomate, Gurke, Bohne, Kohlgewächse, Zwiebeln und Salat), Obstpflanzen, Rasen und Zierpflanzen. Besondere Bedeutung kommt der Behandlung des Saatguts von Getreide (wie Weizen, Gerste, Roggen und Hafer), Mais, Soja, Baumwolle, Canola, Raps, Gemüse und Reis zu. Wie vorstehend bereits erwähnt, kommt auch der Behandlung von transgenem Saatgut mit einer Verbindung der Formel (I) eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Dabei handelt es sich um das Saatgut von Pflanzen, die in der Regel zumindest ein heterologes Gen enthalten, das die Expression eines Polypeptids mit insbesondere insektiziden bzw. nematiziden Eigenschaften steuert. Die heterologen Gene in transgenem Saatgut können dabei aus Mikroorganismen wie Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, Glomus oder Gliocladium stammen. Die vorliegende Erfindung eignet sich besonders für die Behandlung von transgenem Saatgut, das zumindest ein heterologes Gen enthält, das aus Bacillus sp. stammt. Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich dabei um ein heterologes Gen, das aus Bacillus thuringiensis stammt. The compounds of the formula (I) are suitable for the protection of seed of any plant variety used in agriculture, in the greenhouse, in forests or in horticulture. In particular, these are seeds of cereals (eg wheat, barley, rye, millet and oats), corn, cotton, soy, rice, potatoes, sunflower, coffee, tobacco, canola, rape, turnip (eg Sugar beet and fodder beet), peanut, vegetables (eg tomato, cucumber, bean, cabbage, onions and lettuce), fruit plants, turf and ornamental plants. Of particular importance is the treatment of seeds of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye and oats), corn, soybean, cotton, canola, oilseed rape, vegetables and rice. As already mentioned above, the treatment of transgenic seed with a compound of the formula (I) is also of particular importance. These are the seeds of plants, which as a rule contain at least one heterologous gene which controls the expression of a polypeptide having in particular insecticidal or nematicidal properties. The heterologous genes in transgenic seed can come from microorganisms such as Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, Glomus or Gliocladium. The present invention is particularly useful for the treatment of transgenic seed containing at least one heterologous gene derived from Bacillus sp. comes. Most preferably, this is a heterologous gene derived from Bacillus thuringiensis.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die Verbindung der Formel (I) auf das Saatgut aufgebracht. Vorzugsweise wird das Saatgut in einem Zustand behandelt, in dem es so stabil ist, dass keine Schäden bei der Behandlung auftreten. Im Allgemeinen kann die Behandlung des Saatguts zu jedem Zeitpunkt zwischen der Ernte und der Aussaat erfolgen. Üblicherweise wird Saatgut verwendet, das von der Pflanze getrennt und von Kolben, Schalen, Stängeln, Hüllen, Wolle oder Fruchtfleisch befreit wurde. So kann zum Beispiel Saatgut verwendet werden, das geerntet, gereinigt und bis zu einem lagerfähigen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt getrocknet wurde. Alternativ kann auch Saatgut verwendet werden, das nach dem Trocknen z. B. mit Wasser behandelt und dann erneut getrocknet wurde, zum Beispiel Priming. Im Fall von Reis-Saatgut ist es auch möglich, Saatgut zu verwenden, das getränkt wurde, zum Beispiel in Wasser bis zu einem bestimmten Stadium des Reisembryos („Pigeon Breast Stage“), wodurch die Keimung und ein einheitlicheres Auflaufen stimuliert wird. In the context of the present invention, the compound of the formula (I) is applied to the seed. Preferably, the seed is treated in a state where it is so stable that no damage occurs during the treatment. In general, the treatment of the seed can be done at any time between harvesting and sowing. Usually, seed is used which has been separated from the plant and freed from flasks, shells, stems, hulls, wool or pulp. For example, seed may be used that has been harvested, cleaned and dried to a moisture content that is storable. Alternatively, seed can be used, which after drying z. B. was treated with water and then dried again, for example, priming. In the case of rice seeds, it is also possible to use seeds that have been soaked, for example, in water to a certain stage of the rice embryo ("Pigeon Breast Stage"), which stimulates germination and a more uniform emergence.
Im Allgemeinen muss bei der Behandlung des Saatguts darauf geachtet werden, dass die Menge der auf das Saatgut aufgebrachten Verbindung der Formel (I) und/oder weiterer Zusatzstoffe so gewählt wird, dass die Keimung des Saatguts nicht beeinträchtigt bzw. die daraus hervorgehende Pflanze nicht geschädigt wird. Dies ist vor allem bei Wirkstoffen zu beachten, die in bestimmten Aufwandmengen phytotoxische Effekte zeigen können. In general, when treating seed, care must be taken to ensure that the amount of compound of formula (I) and / or other additives applied to the seed is not such as to affect the germination of the seed or to damage the resulting plant becomes. This is especially important for active ingredients, which can show phytotoxic effects in certain application rates.
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) werden in der Regel in Form einer geeigneten Formulierung auf das Saatgut aufgebracht. Geeignete Formulierungen und Verfahren für die Saatgutbehandlung sind dem Fachmann bekannt. The compounds of the formula (I) are generally applied to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to those skilled in the art.
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) können in die üblichen Beizmittel-Formulierungen überführt werden, wie Lösungen, Emulsionen, Suspensionen, Pulver, Schäume, Slurries oder andere Hüllmassen für Saatgut, sowie ULV-Formulierungen. The compounds of the formula (I) can be converted into the customary seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other seed coating compositions, and also ULV formulations.
Diese Formulierungen werden in bekannter Weise hergestellt, indem man die Verbindungen der Formel (I) mit üblichen Zusatzstoffen vermischt, wie zum Beispiel übliche Streckmittel sowie Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittel, Farbstoffe, Netzmittel, Dispergiermittel, Emulgatoren, Entschäumer, Konservierungsmittel, sekundäre Verdickungsmittel, Kleber, Gibberelline und auch Wasser. These formulations are prepared in a known manner by mixing the compounds of formula (I) with conventional additives, such as conventional extenders and solution or Diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
Als Farbstoffe, die in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen enthalten sein können, kommen alle für derartige Zwecke üblichen Farbstoffe in Betracht. Dabei sind sowohl in Wasser wenig lösliche Pigmente als auch in Wasser lösliche Farbstoffe verwendbar. Als Beispiele genannt seien die unter den Bezeichnungen Rhodamin B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 und C.I. Solvent Red 1 bekannten Farbstoffe. Dyes which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all dyes customary for such purposes. Both water-insoluble pigments and water-soluble dyes are useful in this case. Examples which may be mentioned under the names rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Solvent Red 1 known dyes.
Als Netzmittel, die in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen enthalten sein können, kommen alle zur Formulierung von agrochemischen Wirkstoffen üblichen, die Benetzung fördernden Stoffe in Frage. Vorzugsweise verwendbar sind Alkylnaphthalinsulfonate, wie Diisopropyl- oder Diisobutylnaphthalinsulfonate. Suitable wetting agents which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all wetting-promoting substances customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Preferably used are alkylnaphthalenesulfonates such as diisopropyl or diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonates.
Als Dispergiermittel und/oder Emulgatoren, die in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel- Formulierungen enthalten sein können, kommen alle zur Formulierung von agrochemischen Wirkstoffen üblichen nichtionischen, anionischen und kationischen Dispergiermittel in Betracht. Vor-zugsweise verwendbar sind nichtionische oder anionische Dispergiermittel oder Gemische von nichtionischen oder anionischen Dispergiermitteln. Als geeignete nichtionische Dispergiermittel sind insbesondere Ethylenoxid-Propylenoxid-Blockpolymere, Alkylphenolpolyglykolether sowie Tri- stryrylphenolpolyglykolether und deren phosphatierte oder sulfatierte Derivate zu nennen. Geeignete anionische Dispergiermittel sind insbesondere Ligninsulfonate, Polyacrylsäuresalze und Arylsulfonat- F ormaldehy dkondens ate . Suitable dispersants and / or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Preference is given to using nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants. Particularly suitable nonionic dispersants are, in particular, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tri-stryrylphenol polyglycol ethers and their phosphated or sulfated derivatives. Suitable anionic dispersants are, in particular, lignosulfonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulfonate-ammonium formate dusts.
Als Entschäumer können in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen alle zur Formulierung von agrochemischen Wirkstoffen üblichen schaumhemmenden Stoffe enthalten sein. Vorzugsweise verwendbar sind Silikonentschäumer und Magnesiumstearat. Defoamers which may be present in the seed-dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all foam-inhibiting substances customary for the formulation of agrochemical active compounds. Preferably usable are silicone defoamers and magnesium stearate.
Als Konservierungsmittel können in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen alle für derartige Zwecke in agrochemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren Stoffe vorhanden sein. Beispielhaft genannt seien Dichlorophen und Benzylalkoholhemiformal. Preservatives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all substances which can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. Examples include dichlorophen and Benzylalkoholhemiformal.
Als sekundäre Verdickungsmittel, die in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formu- lierungen enthalten sein können, kommen alle für derartige Zwecke in agrochemischen Mitteln ein setzbaren Stoffe in Frage. Vorzugsweise in Betracht kommen Cellulosederivate, Acrylsäurederivate, Xanthan, modifizierte Tone und hochdisperse Kieselsäure. Als Kleber, die in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen enthalten sein können, kommen alle üblichen in Beizmitteln einsetzbaren Bindemittel in Frage. Vorzugsweise genannt seien Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylalkohol und Tylose. Suitable secondary thickeners which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all substances which can be placed in agrochemical compositions for such purposes. Preference is given to cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and finely divided silica. Suitable adhesives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are all customary binders which can be used in pickling agents. Preferably mentioned are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and Tylose.
Als Gibberelline, die in den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen enthalten sein können, kommen vorzugsweise die Gibberelline Al, A3 (= Gibberellinsäure), A4 und A7 infrage, be sonders bevorzugt verwendet man die Gibberellinsäure. Die Gibberelline sind bekannt (vgl. R. Wegler „Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- und Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel“, Bd. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, S. 401 - 412). Gibberellins which may be present in the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention are preferably the gibberellins Al, A3 (= gibberellic acid), A4 and A7, and gibberellic acid is particularly preferably used. The gibberellins are known (see R. Wegler "Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- und Schädlingsbekungsmittel", Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, pp. 401-412).
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen können entweder direkt oder nach vorherigem Verdünnen mit Wasser zur Behandlung von Saatgut der verschiedensten Art eingesetzt werden. So lassen sich die Konzentrate oder die daraus durch Verdünnen mit Wasser erhältlichen Zu bereitungen einsetzen zur Beizung des Saatgutes von Getreide, wie Weizen, Gerste, Roggen, Hafer und Triticale, sowie des Saatgutes von Mais, Reis, Raps, Erbsen, Bohnen, Baumwolle, Sonnenblumen, Soja und Rüben oder auch von Gemüsesaatgut der verschiedensten Natur. Die erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen oder deren verdünnte Anwendungsformen können auch zum Beizen von Saatgut transgener Pflanzen eingesetzt werden. The seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be used either directly or after prior dilution with water for the treatment of seed of various kinds. Thus, the concentrates or the preparations obtainable therefrom by dilution with water can be used for dressing the seeds of cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats and triticale, as well as the seeds of maize, rice, oilseed rape, peas, beans, cotton, Sunflowers, soy and beets or vegetable seeds of various nature. The seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or their dilute application forms can also be used for pickling seeds of transgenic plants.
Zur Behandlung von Saatgut mit den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen oder dem daraus durch Zugabe von Wasser hergestellten Anwendungsformen kommen alle üblicherweise für die Beizung einsetzbaren Mischgeräte in Betracht. Im Einzelnen geht man bei der Beizung so vor, dass man das Saatgut in einen Mischer im diskontinuierlichen oder kontinuierlichen Betrieb gibt, die jeweils gewünschte Menge an Beizmittel-Formulierungen entweder als solche oder nach vorherigem Verdünnen mit Wasser hinzufügt und bis zur gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Formulierung auf dem Saatgut mischt. Gegebenenfalls schließt sich ein Trocknungsvorgang an. For the treatment of seed with the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention or the use forms prepared therefrom by the addition of water, all mixing devices which can usually be used for the dressing can be considered. Specifically, in the pickling process, the seed is placed in a batch or continuous mixer, adding either desired amount of seed dressing formulations, either as such or after prior dilution with water, and until the formulation is evenly distributed mix the seed. Optionally, a drying process follows.
Die Aufwandmenge an den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Beizmittel-Formulierungen kann inner-halb eines größeren Bereiches variiert werden. Sie richtet sich nach dem jeweiligen Gehalt der Verbindungen der Formel (I) in den Formulierungen und nach dem Saatgut. Die Aufwandmengen bei der Verbindung der Formel (I) liegen im Allgemeinen zwischen 0,001 und 50 g pro Kilogramm Saatgut, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,01 und 15 g pro Kilogramm Saatgut. The application rate of the seed dressing formulations which can be used according to the invention can be varied within a relatively wide range. It depends on the particular content of the compounds of the formula (I) in the formulations and on the seed. The application rates for the compound of the formula (I) are generally between 0.001 and 50 g per kilogram of seed, preferably between 0.01 and 15 g per kilogram of seed.
Tiergesundheit animal Health
Auf dem Gebiet der Tiergesundheit, d. h. dem Gebiet der Tiermedizin, sind die Verbindungen der Formel (I) gegen Tierparasiten, insbesondere Ektoparasiten oder Endoparasiten, wirksam. Der Begriff Endoparasit umfasst insbesondere Helminthen und Protozoen wie Kokzidien. Ektoparasiten sind typischerweise und bevorzugt Arthropoden, insbesondere Insekten oder Akariden. Auf dem Gebiet der Tiermedizin eignen sich die Verbindungen der Formel (I), die eine günstige Toxizität gegenüber Warmblütern aufweisen, für die Bekämpfung von Parasiten, die in der Tierzucht und Tierhaltung bei Nutztieren, Zuchttieren, Zootieren, Laboratoriumstieren, Versuchstieren und Haustieren auftreten. Sie sind gegen alle oder einzelne Entwicklungsstadien der Parasiten wirksam. In the field of animal health, ie the veterinary field, the compounds of formula (I) are active against animal parasites, in particular ectoparasites or endoparasites. The term endoparasite includes in particular helminths and protozoa such as coccidia. Ectoparasites are typically and preferably arthropods, especially insects or acarids. In the field of veterinary medicine, the compounds of formula (I), which have favorable toxicity to warm-blooded animals, are useful in the control of parasites found in livestock and livestock in livestock, breeding animals, zoo animals, laboratory animals, experimental animals and domestic animals. They are effective against all or individual stages of parasite development.
Zu den landwirtschaftlichen Nutztieren zählen zum Beispiel Säugetiere wie Schafe, Ziegen, Pferde, Esel, Kamele, Büffel, Kaninchen, Rentiere, Damhirsche und insbesondere Rinder und Schweine; oder Geflügel wie Truthähne, Enten, Gänse und insbesondere Hühner; oder Fische oder Krustentiere, z. B. in der Aquakultur, oder gegebenenfalls Insekten wie Bienen. Farm animals include, for example, mammals such as sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, camels, buffaloes, rabbits, reindeer, fallow deer, and especially cattle and pigs; or poultry such as turkeys, ducks, geese and, in particular, chickens; or fish or shellfish, e.g. As in aquaculture, or optionally insects such as bees.
Zu den Haustieren zählen zum Beispiel Säugetiere wie Hamster, Meerschweinchen, Ratten, Mäuse, Chinchillas, Frettchen und insbesondere Hunde, Katzen, Stubenvögel; Reptilien, Amphibien oder Aquariumfische. The domestic animals include, for example, mammals such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, mice, chinchillas, ferrets, and especially dogs, cats, caged birds; Reptiles, amphibians or aquarium fish.
Gemäß einer bestimmten Ausführungsform werden die Verbindungen der Formel (I) an Säugetiere verabreicht. In a particular embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) are administered to mammals.
Gemäß einer weiteren bestimmten Ausführungsform werden die Verbindungen der Formel (I) an Vögel, nämlich Stubenvögel oder insbesondere Geflügel, verabreicht. According to another specific embodiment, the compounds of formula (I) are administered to birds, namely caged birds or, in particular, poultry.
Durch Verwendung der Verbindungen der Formel (I) für die Bekämpfung von Tierparasiten sollen Krankheit, Todesfälle und Leistungsminderungen (bei Fleisch, Milch, Wolle, Häuten, Eiern, Honig und dergleichen) verringert bzw. vorgebeugt werden, so dass eine wirtschaftlichere und einfachere Tierhaltung ermöglicht wird und ein besseres Wohlbefinden der Tiere erzielbar ist. By using the compounds of formula (I) for the control of animal parasites disease, deaths and reductions in performance (in meat, milk, wool, hides, eggs, honey and the like) should be reduced or prevented, so that a more economical and easier animal husbandry allows and a better well-being of the animals is achievable.
In Bezug auf das Gebiet der Tiergesundheit bedeutet der Begriff "Bekämpfung" oder "bekämpfen" im vorliegenden Zusammenhang, dass durch die Verbindungen der Formel (I) wirksam das Auftreten des jeweiligen Parasiten in einem Tier, das mit solchen Parasiten in einem harmlosen Ausmaß infiziert ist, reduziert wird. Genauer gesagt bedeutet "bekämpfen" im vorliegenden Zusammenhang, dass die Verbindungen der Formel (I) den jeweiligen Parasiten abtöten, sein Wachstum verhindern oder seine Vermehrung verhindern. With regard to the field of animal health, the term "controlling" or "controlling" in the present context means that the compounds of formula (I) effectively affect the appearance of the respective parasite in an animal infected with such parasites to a harmless extent , is reduced. More specifically, "combating" in the present context means that the compounds of formula (I) kill the respective parasite, prevent its growth or prevent its replication.
Zu den Arthropoden zählen beispielsweise, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, aus der Ordnung Anoplurida zum Beispiel Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Phtirus spp., Solenopotes spp.; aus der Ordnung Mallophagida und den Unterordnungen Amblycerina und Ischnocerina, zum Beispiel Bovicola spp., Damalina spp., Felicola spp.; Lepikentron spp., Menopon spp., Trichodectes spp., Trimenopon spp., Trinoton spp., Wemeckiella spp; aus der Ordnung Diptera und den Unterordnungen Nematocerina und Brachycerina, zum Beispiel Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Atylotus spp., Braula spp., Calliphora spp., Chrysomyia spp., Chrysops spp., Culex spp., Culicoides spp., Eusimulium spp., Fannia spp., Gasterophilus spp., Glossina spp., Haematobia spp., Haematopota spp., Hippobosca spp., Hybomitra spp., Hydrotaea spp., Hypoderma spp., Lipoptena spp., Lucilia spp., Lutzomyia spp., Melophagus spp., Morellia spp., Musca spp., Odagmia spp., Oestrus spp., Philipomyia spp., Phlebotomus spp., Rhinoestrus spp., Sarcophaga spp., Simulium spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tipula spp., Wilhelmia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp.; aus der Ordnung Siphonapterida, zum Beispiel Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Pulex spp., Tunga spp., Xenopsylla spp.; aus der Ordnung Heteropterida, zum Beispiel Cimex spp., Panstrongylus spp., Rhodnius spp., Triatoma spp.; sowie Lästlinge und Hygieneschädlinge aus der Ordnung Blattarida. For example, the arthropods include, but are not limited to, the order Anoplurida, for example Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Phtirus spp., Solenopotes spp .; from the order Mallophagida and the suborders Amblycerina and Ischnocerina, for example Bovicola spp., Damalina spp., Felicola spp .; Lepikentron spp., Menopon spp., Trichodectes spp., Trimenopon spp., Trinoton spp., Wemeckiella spp; from the order Diptera and the suborders Nematocerina and Brachycerina, for example Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Atylotus spp., Braula spp., Calliphora spp., Chrysomyia spp., Chrysops spp., Culex spp., Culicoides spp., Eusimulium Spp., Fannia spp., Gasterophilus spp., Glossina spp., Haematobia spp., Haematopota spp., Hippobosca spp., Hybomitra spp., Hydrotaea spp., Hypoderma spp., Lipoptena spp., Lucilia spp., Lutzomyia spp. , Melophagus spp., Morellia spp., Musca spp., Odagmia spp., Oestrus spp., Philipomyia spp., Phlebotomus spp., Rhinoestrus spp., Sarcophaga spp., Simulium spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tipula spp., Wilhelmia spp., Wohlfahrtia spp .; from the order Siphonapterida, for example Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp., Pulex spp., Tunga spp., Xenopsylla spp .; from the order Heteropterida, for example Cimex spp., Panstrongylus spp., Rhodnius spp., Triatoma spp .; as well as pests and hygiene pests from the order Blattarida.
Weiterhin sind bei den Arthropoden beispielhaft, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, die folgenden Akari zu nennen: Further, in arthropods, by way of example and not limitation, the following Akari may be mentioned:
Aus der Unterklasse Akari (Acarina) und der Ordnung Metastigmata, zum Beispiel aus der Familie Argasidae, wie Argas spp., Omithodorus spp., Otobius spp., aus der Familie Ixodidae, wie Amblyomma spp., Dermacentor spp., Haemaphysalis spp., Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp., Rhipicephalus spp. (die ursprüngliche Gattung der mehrwirtigen Zecken); aus der Ordnung Mesostigmata, wie Dermanyssus spp., Omithonyssus spp., Pneumonyssus spp., Raillietia spp., Stemostoma spp., Tropilaelaps spp., Varroa spp.; aus der Ordnung Actinedida (Prostigmata), zum Beispiel Acarapis spp., Cheyletiella spp., Demodex spp., Listrophorus spp., Myobia spp., Neotrombicula spp., Omithocheyletia spp., Psorergates spp., Trombicula spp.; und aus der Ordung der Acaridida (Astigmata), zum Beispiel Acarus spp., Caloglyphus spp., Chorioptes spp., Cytodites spp., Hypodectes spp., Knemidocoptes spp., Laminosioptes spp., Notoedres spp., Otodectes spp., Psoroptes spp., Pterolichus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Trixacarus spp., Tyrophagus spp. From the subclass Akari (Acarina) and the order Metastigmata, for example from the family Argasidae, such as Argas spp., Omithodorus spp., Otobius spp., From the family Ixodidae, such as Amblyomma spp., Dermacentor spp., Haemaphysalis spp. Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp., Rhipicephalus spp. (the original genus of multi-pronged ticks); from the order Mesostigmata, such as Dermanyssus spp., Omithonyssus spp., Pneumonyssus spp., Raillietia spp., Stemostoma spp., Tropilaelaps spp., Varroa spp .; from the order Actidida (Prostigmata), for example Acarapis spp., Cheyletiella spp., Demodex spp., Listrophorus spp., Myobia spp., Neotrombicula spp., Omithocheyletia spp., Psorergates spp., Trombicula spp .; and from the order Acaridida (Astigmata), for example Acarus spp., Caloglyphus spp., Chorioptes spp., Cytodites spp., Hypodectes spp., Knemidocoptes spp., Laminosioptes spp., Notoedres spp., Otodectes spp., Psoroptes spp , Pterolichus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Trixacarus spp., Tyrophagus spp.
Zu Beispielen für parasitäre Protozoen zählen, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein: Examples of parasitic protozoa include, but are not limited to:
Mastigophora (Flagellata), wie: Mastigophora (Flagellata), like:
Metamonada: aus der Ordnung Diplomonadida zum Beispiel Giardia spp., Spironucleus spp. Metamonada: from the order Diplomonadida for example Giardia spp., Spironucleus spp.
Parabasala: aus der Ordnung Trichomonadida zum Beispiel Histomonas spp., Pentatrichomonas spp., Tetratrichomonas spp., Trichomonas spp., Tritrichomonas spp. Parabasala: from the order Trichomonadida for example Histomonas spp., Pentatrichomonas spp., Tetratrichomonas spp., Trichomonas spp., Tritrichomonas spp.
Euglenozoa: aus der Ordnung Trypanosomatida zum Beispiel Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp. Sarcomastigophora (Rhizopoda), wie Entamoebidae, zum Beispiel Entamoeba spp., Centramoebidae, zum Beispiel Acanthamoeba sp., Euamoebidae, z. B. Hartmanella sp. Euglenozoa: from the order Trypanosomatida for example Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp. Sarcomastigophora (Rhizopoda), such as Entamoebidae, for example Entamoeba spp., Centramoebidae, for example Acanthamoeba sp., Euamoebidae, e.g. Hartmanella sp.
Alveolata wie Apicomplexa (Sporozoa): z. B. Cryptosporidium spp.; aus der Ordnung Eimeriida zum Beispiel Besnoitia spp., Cystoisospora spp., Eimeria spp., Hammondia spp., Isospora spp., Neospora spp., Sarcocystis spp., Toxoplasma spp.; aus der Ordnung Adeleida z. B. Hepatozoon spp., Klossiella spp.; aus der Ordnung Haemosporida z. B. Leucocytozoon spp., Plasmodium spp.; aus der Ordnung Piroplasmida z. B. Babesia spp., Ciliophora spp., Echinozoon spp., Theileria spp.; aus der Ordnung Vesibuliferida z. B. Balantidium spp., Buxtonella spp. Alveolata such as Apicomplexa (Sporozoa): z. Cryptosporidium spp .; from the order Eimeriida for example Besnoitia spp., Cystoisospora spp., Eimeria spp., Hammondia spp., Isospora spp., Neospora spp., Sarcocystis spp., Toxoplasma spp .; from the order Adeleida z. B. Hepatozoon spp., Klossiella spp .; from the order Haemosporida z. B. Leucocytozoon spp., Plasmodium spp .; from the order Piroplasmida z. Babesia spp., Ciliophora spp., Echinozoon spp., Theileria spp .; from the order Vesibuliferida z. Balantidium spp., Buxtonella spp.
Microspora wie Encephalitozoon spp., Enterocytozoon spp., Globidium spp., Nosema spp., und außerdem z. B. Myxozoa spp. Microspora such as Encephalitozoon spp., Enterocytozoon spp., Globidium spp., Nosema spp., And also e.g. B. Myxozoa spp.
Zu den für Menschen oder Tiere pathogenen Helminthen zählen zum Beispiel Acanthocephala, Nematoden, Pentastoma und Platyhelminthen (z.B. Monogenea, Cestodes und Trematodes). Acute helixes pathogenic to humans or animals include, for example, Acanthocephala, nematodes, pentastoma, and platyhelminthes (e.g., Monogenea, Cestodes, and Trematodes).
Zu beispielhaften Helminthen zählen, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein: Exemplary helminths include, but are not limited to:
Monogenea: z. B.: Dactylogyrus spp., Gyrodactylus spp., Microbothrium spp., Polystoma spp., Troglecephalus spp.; Monogenea: z. For example: Dactylogyrus spp., Gyrodactylus spp., Microbothrium spp., Polystoma spp., Troglecephalus spp .;
Cestodes: aus der Ordnung Pseudophyllidea zum Beispiel: Bothridium spp., Diphyllobothrium spp., Diplogonoporus spp. Ichthyobothrium spp., Ligula spp., Schistocephalus spp., Spirometra spp. Cestodes: from the order Pseudophyllidea for example: Bothridium spp., Diphyllobothrium spp., Diplogonoporus spp. Ichthyobothrium spp., Ligula spp., Schistocephalus spp., Spirometra spp.
Aus der Ordnung Cyclophyllida zum Beispiel: Andyra spp., Anoplocephala spp., Avitellina spp., Bertiella spp., Cittotaenia spp., Davainea spp., Diorchis spp., Diplopylidium spp., Dipylidium spp., Echinococcus spp., Echinocotyle spp., Echinolepis spp., Hydatigera spp., Hymenolepis spp., Joyeuxiella spp., Mesocestoides spp., Moniezia spp., Paranoplocephala spp., Raillietina spp., Stilesia spp., Taenia spp., Thysaniezia spp., Thysanosoma spp. For example, from the order Cyclophyllida: Andyra spp., Anoplocephala spp., Avitellina spp., Bertiella spp., Cittotaenia spp., Davainea spp., Diorchis spp., Diplopylidium spp., Dipylidium spp., Echinococcus spp., Echinocotyle spp. , Echinolepis spp., Hydatigera spp., Hymenolepis spp., Joyeuxiella spp., Mesocestoides spp., Moniezia spp., Paranoplocephala spp., Raillietina spp., Stilesia spp., Taenia spp., Thysaniezia spp., Thysanosoma spp.
Trematodes: aus der Klasse Digenea zum Beispiel: Austrobilharzia spp., Brachylaima spp., Calicophoron spp., Catatropis spp., Clonorchis spp. Collyriclum spp., Cotylophoron spp., Cyclocoelum spp., Dicrocoelium spp., Diplostomum spp., Echinochasmus spp., Echinoparyphium spp., Echinostoma spp., Eurytrema spp., Fasciola spp., Fasciolides spp., Fasciolopsis spp., Fischoederius spp., Gastrothylacus spp., Gigantobilharzia spp., Gigantocotyle spp., Heterophyes spp., Hypoderaeum spp., Leucochloridium spp., Metagonimus spp., Metorchis spp., Nanophyetus spp., Notocotylus spp., Opisthorchis spp., Omithobilharzia spp., Paragonimus spp., Paramphistomum spp., Plagiorchis spp., Posthodiplostomum spp., Prosthogonimus spp., Schistosoma spp., Trichobilharzia spp., Troglotrema spp., Typhlocoelum spp. Nematoden: aus der Ordnung Trichinellida zum Beispiel: Capillaria spp., Trichinella spp., Trichomosoides spp., Trichuris spp. Trematodes: from the genus Digenea for example: Austrobilharzia spp., Brachylaima spp., Calicophoron spp., Catatropis spp., Clonorchis spp. Collyricum spp., Cotylophoron spp., Cyclocoelum spp., Dicrocoelium spp., Diplostomum spp., Echinochasmus spp., Echinoparyphium spp., Echinostoma spp., Eurytrema spp., Fasciola spp., Fasciolides spp., Fasciolopsis spp., Fischoederius spp , Gastrothylacus spp., Gigantobilharzia spp., Gigantocotyle spp., Heterophyes spp., Hypoderaeum spp., Leucochloridium spp., Metagonimus spp., Metorchis spp., Nanophyetus spp., Notocotylus spp., Opisthorchis spp., Omithobilharzia spp., Paragonimus spp., Paramphistomum spp., Plagiorchis spp., Posthodiplostomum spp., Prosthogonimus spp., Schistosoma spp., Trichobilharzia spp., Troglotrema spp., Typhlocoelum spp. Nematodes: from the order Trichinellida for example: Capillaria spp., Trichinella spp., Trichomosoides spp., Trichuris spp.
Aus der Ordnung Tylenchida zum Beispiel: Micronema spp., Parastrangyloides spp., Strongyloides spp. For example, from the order Tylenchida: Micronema spp., Parastrangyloides spp., Strongyloides spp.
Aus der Ordnung Rhabditina zum Beispiel: Aelurostrongylus spp., Amidostomum spp., Ancylostoma spp., Angiostrongylus spp., Bronchonema spp., Bunostomum spp., Chabertia spp., Cooperia spp., Cooperioides spp., Crenosoma spp., Cyathostomum spp., Cyclococercus spp., Cyclodontostomum spp., Cylicocyclus spp., Cylicostephanus spp., Cylindropharynx spp., Cystocaulus spp., Dictyocaulus spp., Elaphostrongylus spp., Filaroides spp., Globocephalus spp., Graphidium spp., Gyalocephalus spp., Haemonchus spp., Heligmosomoides spp., Hyostrongylus spp., Marshallagia spp., Metastrongylus spp., Muellerius spp., Necator spp., Nematodirus spp., Neostrongylus spp., Nippostrongylus spp., Obeliscoides spp., Oesophagodontus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Ollulanus spp.; Omithostrongylus spp., Oslerus spp., Ostertagia spp., Paracooperia spp., Paracrenosoma spp., Parafilaroides spp., Parelaphostrongylus spp., Pneumocaulus spp., Pneumostrongylus spp., Poteriostomum spp., Protostrongylus spp., Spicocaulus spp., Stephanurus spp., Strongylus spp., Syngamus spp., Teladorsagia spp., Trichonema spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Triodontophorus spp., Troglostrongylus spp., Uncinaria spp. From the order Rhabditina for example: Aelurostrongylus spp., Amidostomum spp., Ancylostoma spp., Angiostrongylus spp., Bronchonema spp., Bunostomum spp., Chabertia spp., Cooperia spp., Cooperioides spp., Crenosoma spp., Cyathostomum spp. , Cyclococercus spp., Cyclodontostomum spp., Cylicocyclus spp., Cylicostephanus spp., Cylindropharynx spp., Cystocaulus spp., Dictyocaulus spp., Elaphostrongylus spp., Filaroides spp., Globocephalus spp., Graphidium spp., Gyalocephalus spp., Haemonchus spp., Heligmosomoides spp., Hyostrongylus spp., Marshallagia spp., Metastrongylus spp., Muellerius spp., Necator spp., Nematodirus spp., Neostrongylus spp., Nippostrongylus spp., Obeliscoides spp., Oesophagodontus spp., Oesophagostomum spp. , Ollulanus spp .; Omithostrongylus spp., Oslerus spp., Ostertagia spp., Paracooperia spp., Paracrenosoma spp., Parafilaroides spp., Parelaphostrongylus spp., Pneumocaulus spp., Pneumostrongylus spp., Poteriostomum spp., Protostrongylus spp., Spicocaulus spp., Stephanurus spp , Strongylus spp., Syngamus spp., Teladorsagia spp., Trichonema spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Triodontophorus spp., Troglostrongylus spp., Uncinaria spp.
Aus der Ordnung Spirurida zum Beispiel: Acanthocheilonema spp., Anisakis spp., Ascaridia spp.; Ascaris spp., Ascarops spp., Aspiculuris spp., Baylisascaris spp., Brugia spp., Cercopithifilaria spp., Crassicauda spp., Dipetalonema spp., Dirofilaria spp., Dracunculus spp.; Draschia spp., Enterobius spp., Filaria spp., Gnathostoma spp., Gongylonema spp., Habronema spp., Heterakis spp.; Litomosoides spp., Loa spp., Onchocerca spp., Oxyuris spp., Parabronema spp., Parafilaria spp., Parascaris spp., Passalurus spp., Physaloptera spp., Probstmayria spp., Pseudofilaria spp., Setaria spp., Skjrabinema spp., Spirocerca spp., Stephanofilaria spp., Strongyluris spp., Syphacia spp., Thelazia spp., Toxascaris spp., Toxocara spp., Wuchereria spp. For example, from the order Spirurida: Acanthocheilonema spp., Anisakis spp., Ascaridia spp .; Ascaris spp., Ascarops spp., Aspiculuris spp., Baylisascaris spp., Brugia spp., Cercopithifilaria spp., Crassicauda spp., Dipetalonema spp., Dirofilaria spp., Dracunculus spp .; Draschia spp., Enterobius spp., Filaria spp., Gnathostoma spp., Gongylonema spp., Habronema spp., Heterakis spp .; Litomosoides spp., Loa spp., Onchocerca spp., Oxyuris spp., Parabronema spp., Parafilaria spp., Parascaris spp., Passalurus spp., Physaloptera spp., Probstmayria spp., Pseudofilaria spp., Setaria spp., Skjrabinema spp , Spirocerca spp., Stephanofilaria spp., Strongyluris spp., Syphacia spp., Thelazia spp., Toxascaris spp., Toxocara spp., Wuchereria spp.
Acanthocephala: aus der Ordnung Oligacanthorhynchida z.B: Macracanthorhynchus spp., Prosthenorchis spp.; aus der Ordnung Moniliformida zum Beispiel: Moniliformis spp., Acanthocephala: from the order Oligacanthorhynchida, for example: Macracanthorhynchus spp., Prosthenorchis spp .; from the order Moniliformida for example: Moniliformis spp.,
Aus der Ordnung Polymorphida zum Beispiel: Filicollis spp.; aus der Ordnung Echinorhynchida zum Beispiel Acanthocephalus spp., Echinorhynchus spp., Leptorhynchoides spp. From the order Polymorphida for example: Filicollis spp .; from the order Echinorhynchida for example Acanthocephalus spp., Echinorhynchus spp., Leptorhynchoides spp.
Pentastoma: aus der Ordnung Porocephalida zum Beispiel Linguatula spp. Pentastoma: from the order Porocephalida for example Linguatula spp.
Auf dem Gebiet der Tiermedizin und der Tierhaltung erfolgt die Verabreichung der Verbindungen der Formel (I) nach allgemein fachbekannten Verfahren, wie enteral, parenteral, dermal oder nasal in Form von geeigneten Präparaten. Die Verabreichung kann prophylaktisch; metaphylaktisch oder therapeutisch erfolgen. In the field of veterinary medicine and animal husbandry, the compounds of the formula (I) are administered by methods well known in the art, such as enteral, parenteral, dermal or nasal in the form of suitable preparations. Administration may be prophylactic; metaphylactically or therapeutically.
So bezieht sich eine Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung auf die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zur Verwendung als Arzneimittel. Thus, one embodiment of the present invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as pharmaceuticals.
Ein weiterer Aspekt bezieht sich auf die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zur Verwendung als Antiendoparasitikum. Another aspect relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as antiendoparasitic.
Ein weiterer spezieller Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zur Verwendung als Antihelminthikum, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Nematizid, Platymelminthizid, Acanthocephalizid oder Pentastomizid. Another specific aspect of the invention relates to the compounds of the formula (I) for use as antihelminthic agents, in particular for use as nematicide, platelet minthicide, acanthocephalicide or pentastomicide.
Ein weiterer spezieller Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zur Verwendung als Antiprotozoikum. Another specific aspect of the invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as antiprotozoic.
Ein weiterer Aspekt betrifft die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zur Verwendung als Antiektoparasitikum, insbesondere ein Arthropodizid, ganz besonders ein Insektizid oder ein Akarizid. Another aspect relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use as anti-topazarasitic, in particular an arthropodicide, more particularly an insecticide or an acaricide.
Weitere Aspekte der Erfindung sind veterinärmedizinische Formulierungen, die eine wirksame Menge mindestens einer Verbindung der Formel (I) und mindestens einen der folgenden umfassen: einen pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Exzipienten (z.B. feste oder flüssige Verdünnungsmittel), ein pharmazeutisch unbedenkliches Hilfsmittel (z.B. Tenside), insbesondere einen herkömmlicherweise in veterinärmedizinischen Formulierungen verwendeten pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Exzipienten und/oder ein herkömmlicherweise in veterinärmedizinischen Formulierungen verwendetes pharmazeutisch unbedenkliches Hilfsmittel. Further aspects of the invention are veterinary formulations comprising an effective amount of at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one of a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (eg, solid or liquid diluents), a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant (eg, surfactants), especially one Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients conventionally used in veterinary formulations and / or a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant conventionally used in veterinary formulations.
Ein verwandter Aspekt der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer wie hier beschriebenen veterinärmedizinischen Formulierung, welches den Schritt des Mischens mindestens einer Verbindung der Formel (I) mit pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Exzipienten und/oder Hilfsmitteln, insbesondere mit herkömmlicherweise in veterinärmedizinischen Formulierungen verwendeten pharmazeutisch unbedenklichen Exzipienten und/oder herkömmlicherweise in veterinärmedizinischen Formulierungen verwendeten Hilfsmitteln umfasst. A related aspect of the invention is a method of making a veterinary formulation as described herein which comprises the step of mixing at least one compound of formula (I) with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and / or adjuvants, especially pharmaceutically acceptable excipients conventionally used in veterinary formulations; or conventionally used in veterinary formulations.
Ein anderer spezieller Aspekt der Erfindung sind veterinärmedizinische Formulierungen ausgewählt aus der Gruppe ektoparasitizider und endoparasitizider Formulierungen, insbesondere ausgewählt aus der Gruppe anthelmintischer, antiprotozolischer und arthropodizider Formulierungen, ganz besonders ausgewählt aus der Gruppe nematizider, platyhelminthizider, acanthocephalizider, pentastomizider, insektizider und akkarizider Formulierungen, gemäß den erwähnten Aspekten, sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung. Ein anderer Aspekt bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Behandlung einer parasitischen Infektion, insbesondere einer Infektion durch einen Parasiten ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der hier erwähnten Ektoparasiten und Endoparasiten, durch Anwendung einer wirksamen Menge einer Verbindung der Formel (I) bei einem Tier, insbesondere einem nichthumanen Tier, das dessen bedarf. Another specific aspect of the invention are veterinary formulations selected from the group of ectoparasiticidal and endoparasiticidal formulations, in particular selected from the group of anthelmintic, antiprotozoic and arthropodicidal formulations, more particularly selected from the group of nematicidal, platyhelminthicidal, acanthocephalicidal, pentastomicidal, insecticidal and acaricidal formulations the aspects mentioned, as well as methods for their preparation. Another aspect relates to a method for treating a parasitic infection, in particular infection by a parasite selected from the group of the ectoparasites and endoparasites mentioned here, by applying an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I) to an animal, in particular a non-human Animal that needs it.
Ein anderer Aspekt bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Behandlung einer parasitischen Infektion, insbesondere einer Infektion durch einen Parasiten ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der hier erwähnten Ektoparasiten und Endoparasiten, durch Anwendung einer wie hier definierten veterinärmedizinischen Formulierung bei einem Tier, insbesondere einem nichthumanen Tier, das dessen bedarf. Another aspect relates to a method for treating a parasitic infection, in particular infection by a parasite selected from the group of the ectoparasites and endoparasites mentioned here, by applying a veterinary formulation as defined herein to an animal, in particular a non-human animal, the same requirement.
Ein anderer Aspekt bezieht sich auf die Verwendung der Verbindungen der Formel (I) bei der Behandlung einer Parasiteninfektion, insbesondere einer Infektion durch einen Parasiten ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der hier erwähnten Ektoparasiten und Endoparasiten, bei einem Tier, insbesondere einem nichthumanen Tier. Another aspect relates to the use of the compounds of the formula (I) in the treatment of a parasitic infection, in particular an infection by a parasite selected from the group of the ectoparasites and endoparasites mentioned here, in an animal, in particular a non-human animal.
Im vorliegenden tiergesundheitlichen oder veterinärmedizinischen Zusammenhang schließt der Begriff „Behandlung“ die prophylaktische, die metaphylaktische und die therapeutische Behandlung ein. In the present veterinary or veterinary context, the term "treatment" includes prophylactic, metaphylactic and therapeutic treatment.
Bei einer bestimmten Ausführungsform werden hiermit Mischungen mindestens einer Verbindung der Formel (I) mit anderen Wirkstoffen, insbesondere mit Endo- und Ektoparasitiziden, für das veterinärmedizinische Gebiet bereitgestellt. In a particular embodiment, mixtures of at least one compound of formula (I) with other active ingredients, especially endo and ectoparasiticides, are provided herein for the veterinary field.
Auf dem Gebiet der Tiergesundheit bedeutet„Mischung“ nicht nur, dass zwei (oder mehr) verschiedene Wirkstoffe in einer gemeinsamen Formulierung formuliert werden und entsprechend zusammen angewendet werden, sondern bezieht sich auch auf Produkte, die für jeden Wirkstoff getrennte Formulierungen umfassen. Dementsprechend können, wenn mehr als zwei Wirkstoffe angewendet werden sollen, alle Wirkstoffe in einer gemeinsamen Formulierung formuliert werden oder alle Wirkstoffe in getrennten Formulierungen formuliert werden; ebenfalls denkbar sind gemischte Formen, bei denen einige der Wirkstoffe gemeinsam formuliert und einige der Wirkstoffe getrennt formuliert sind. Getrennte Formulierungen erlauben die getrennte oder aufeinanderfolgende Anwendung der in Rede stehenden Wirkstoffe. In the animal health field, "blending" not only means that two (or more) different active ingredients are formulated in a single formulation and used together, but also refers to products comprising separate formulations for each active ingredient. Accordingly, if more than two drugs are to be used, all drugs can be formulated in a single formulation or all drugs can be formulated in separate formulations; Also conceivable are mixed forms in which some of the active ingredients are formulated together and some of the active ingredients are formulated separately. Separate formulations allow the separate or sequential use of the active substances in question.
Die hier mit ihrem„Common Name“ spezifizierten Wirkstoffe sind bekannt und beispielsweise im „Pesticide Manual“ (siehe oben) beschrieben oder im Internet recherchierbar (z.B. http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides). The active ingredients specified herein by their "common name" are known and described, for example, in the "Pesticide Manual" (see above) or searchable on the Internet (e.g., http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides).
Beispielhafte Wirkstoffe aus der Gruppe der Ektoparasitizide als Mischungspartner schließen, ohne dass dies eine Einschränkung darstellen soll, die oben ausführlich aufgelisteten Insektizide und Akkarizide ein. Weitere verwendbare Wirkstoffe sind unten gemäß der oben erwähnten Klassifikation, die auf dem aktuellen IRAC Mode of Action Classification Scheme beruht, aufgeführt: (1) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-Inhibitoren; (2) GABA-gesteuerte Chlorid-Kanal-Blocker; (3) Natrium-Kanal-Modulatoren; (4) kompetitive Modulatoren des nicotinischen Acetylcholin-Rezeptors (nAChR); (5) allosterische Modulatoren des nicotinischen Acetylcholin-Rezeptors (nAChR); (6) allosterische Modulatoren des Glutamat-abhängigen Chloridkanals (GluCl); (7) Juvenilhormon-Mimetika; (8) verschiedene nichtspezifische (Multi-Site) Inhibitoren; (9) Modulatoren Chordotonaler Organe; (10) Milbenwachstumsinhibitoren; (12) Inhibitoren der mitochondrialen ATP-Synthase, wie ATP- Disruptoren; (13) Entkoppler der oxidativen Phosphorylierung durch Störung des Protonengradienten; (14) Blocker des nicotinischen Acetylcholinrezeptorkanals; (15) Inhibitoren der Chitinbiosynthese, Typ 0; (16) Inhibitoren der Chitinbiosynthese, Typ 1; (17) Häutungsdisruptor (insbesondere bei Dipteren, d.h. Zweiflüglern); (18) Ecdyson-Rezeptor-Agonisten; (19) Octopamin-Rezeptor-Agonisten; (21) mitochondriale Komplex-I-Elektronentransportinhibitoren; (25) mitochondriale Komplex-II- Elektronentransportinhibitoren; (20) mitochondriale Komplex-III-Elektronentransportinhibitoren; (22) Blocker des spannungsabhängigen Natriumkanals; (23) Inhibitoren der Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase; (28) Ryanodinrezeptor-Modulatoren; Exemplary agents from the group of ectoparasiticides as compounding partners include, but are not limited to, the insecticides and accicides detailed above. Other useful agents are listed below according to the above-mentioned classification, which is incorporated herein by reference current IRAC Mode of Action Classification Scheme listed: (1) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors; (2) GABA-controlled chloride channel blockers; (3) sodium channel modulators; (4) competitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) modulators; (5) allosteric modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR); (6) allosteric modulators of the glutamate-dependent chloride channel (GluCl); (7) juvenile hormone mimetics; (8) various non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors; (9) modulators of chordotonic organs; (10) mite growth inhibitors; (12) inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, such as ATP disruptors; (13) decoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by disrupting the proton gradient; (14) blocker of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel; (15) inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 0; (16) inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1; (17) molting disruptor (especially in dipterans, ie two-winged); (18) ecdysone receptor agonists; (19) octopamine receptor agonists; (21) mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors; (25) mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors; (20) mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors; (22) blocker of the voltage-dependent sodium channel; (23) inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase; (28) ryanodine receptor modulators;
Wirkstoffe mit unbekannten oder nicht spezifischen Wirkmechanismen, z. B. Fentrifanil, Fenoxacrim, Cyclopren, Chlorobenzilat, Chlordimeform, Flubenzimin, Dicyclanil, Amidoflumet, Quinomethionat, Triarathen, Clothiazoben, Tetrasul, Kaliumoleat, Petroleum, Metoxadiazon, Gossyplur, Flutenzin, Brompropylat, Cryolit; Active substances with unknown or non-specific mechanisms of action, eg. Fentrifanil, fenoxacrim, cycloprene, chlorobenzilate, chlordimeform, flubenzimine, dicyclanil, amidoflumet, quinomethionate, triarathene, clothiazoben, tetrasul, potassium oleate, petroleum, metoxadiazone, gossyplur, flotenzin, bromopropylate, cryolite;
Verbindungen aus anderen Klassen, z.B. Butacarb, Dimetilan, Cloethocarb, Phosphocarb, Pirimiphos(- ethyl), Parathion(-ethyl), Methacrifos, Isopropyl-o-salicylat, Trichlorfon, Tigolaner, Sulprofos, Propaphos, Sebufos, Pyridathion, Prothoat, Dichlofenthion, Demeton-S-methylsulfon, Isazofos, Cyanofenphos, Dialifos, Carbophenothion, Autathiofos, Aromfenvinfos(-methyl), Azinphos(-ethyl), Chlorpyrifos(-ethyl), Fosmethilan, Iodofenphos, Dioxabenzofos, Formothion, Fonofos, Flupyrazofos, Fensulfothion, Etrimfos; Compounds from other classes, e.g. Butacarb, dimetilane, cloethocarb, phosphocarb, pirimiphos (- ethyl), parathion (-ethyl), methacrifos, isopropyl-o-salicylate, trichlorofon, tigolans, sulforos, propaphos, sebufos, pyridathion, prothoate, dichlofenthione, demeton-S-methylsulfone, Isazofos, Cyanofenphos, Dialifos, Carbophenothion, Autathiofos, Aromfenvinfos (-methyl), Azinphos (-ethyl), Chlorpyrifos (-ethyl), Fosmethilane, Iodofenphos, Dioxabenzofos, Formothion, Fonofos, Flupyrazofos, Fensulfothion, Etrimfos;
Organochlorverbindungen, z. B. Camphechlor, Lindan, Heptachlor; oder Phenylpyrazole, z. B. Acetoprol, Pyrafluprol, Pyriprol, Vaniliprol, Sisapronil; oder Isoxazoline, z. B. Sarolaner, Afoxolaner, Lotilaner, Fluralaner; Organochlorine compounds, e.g. B. Camphechlor, Lindane, Heptachlor; or phenylpyrazoles, e.g. Acetoprol, pyrafluprol, pyriprole, vaniliprole, sisapronil; or isoxazolines, e.g. Sarolaner, Afoxolaner, Lotilaner, Fluralaner;
Pyrethroide, z. B. (cis-, trans-)Metofluthrin, Profluthrin, Flufenprox, Flubrocythrinat, Fubfenprox, Fenfluthrin, Protrifenbut, Pyresmethrin, RU15525, Terallethrin, cis-Resmethrin, Heptafluthrin, Bioethanomethrin, Biopermethrin, Fenpyrithrin, cis-Cypermethrin, cis-Permethrin, Clocythrin, Cyhalothrin (lambda-), Chlovaporthrin, oder halogenierte Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen (HCHs), Pyrethroids, e.g. G. (Cis, trans) metofluthrin, profuthrin, flufenprox, flubrocythrinate, fubfenprox, fenfluthrin, protrifenbut, pyresmethrin, RU15525, terallethrin, cis-resmethrin, heptafluthrin, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, fenpyrithrin, cis-cypermethrin, cis-permethrin, clocythrin , Cyhalothrin (lambda), chlovaporthrin, or halogenated hydrocarbon compounds (HCHs),
Neonicotinoide, z. B. Nithiazin Dicloromezotiaz, Triflumezopyrim makrocyclische Lactone, z. B. Nemadectin, Ivermectin, Latidectin, Moxidectin, Selamectin, Eprinomectin, Doramectin, Emamectinbenzoat; Milbemycinoxim Neonicotinoids, e.g. B. Nithiazine Dicloromezotiaz, triflumezopyrim macrocyclic lactones, e.g. Nemadectin, ivermectin, latidectin, moxidectin, selamectin, eprinomectin, doramectin, emamectin benzoate; milbemycin
Tripren, Epofenonan, Diofenolan; Biologicals, Hormone oder Pheromone, zum Beispiel natürliche Produkte, z.B. Thuringiensin, Codlemon oder Neem-Komponenten Triphene, Epofenonan, Diofenolan; Biologicals, hormones or pheromones, for example natural products, e.g. Thuringiensin, codlemon or neem components
Dinitrophenole, z. B. Dinocap, Dinobuton, Binapacryl; Dinitrophenols, e.g. Dinocap, dinobuton, binapacryl;
Benzoylhamstoffe, z. B. Fluazuron, Penfluron, Benzoylureas, e.g. Fluazuron, penfluron,
Amidinderivate, z. B. Chlormebuform, Cymiazol, Demiditraz Bienenstockvarroa- Akarizide, zum Beispiel organische Säuren, z.B. Ameisensäure, Oxalsäure. Amidine derivatives, e.g. Chormorman, cymiazole, demiditraz hive varroacic acaricides, for example organic acids, e.g. Formic acid, oxalic acid.
Zu beispielhaften Wirkstoffen aus der Gruppe der Endoparasitizide, als Mischungspartner, zählen, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, anthe Imintische Wirkstoffe und antiprotozoische Wirkstoffe. Exemplary drugs from the group of endoparasiticides, as a mating agent, include, but are not limited to, antimalarials and antiprotozoal agents.
Zu den anthelmintischen Wirkstoffen zählen, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, die folgenden nematiziden, trematiziden und/oder cestoziden Wirkstoffe: aus der Klasse der makrocyclischen Lactone zum Beispiel: Eprinomectin, Abamectin, Nemadectin, Moxidectin, Doramectin, Selamectin, Lepimectin, Latidectin, Milbemectin, Ivermectin, Emamectin, Milbemycin; aus der Klasse der Benzimidazole und Probenzimidazole zum Beispiel: Oxibendazol, Mebendazol, Triclabendazol, Thiophanat, Parbendazol, Oxfendazol, Netobimin, Fenbendazol, Febantel, Thiabendazol, Cyclobendazol, Cambendazol, Albendazol-sulfoxid, Albendazol, Flubendazol; aus der Klasse der Depsipeptide, vorzugsweise cyclischen Depsipetide, insbesondere 24-gliedrigen cyclischen Depsipeptide, zum Beispiel: Emodepsid, PF1022A; aus der Klasse der Tetrahydropyrimidine zum Beispiel: Morantel, Pyrantel, Oxantel; aus der Klasse der Imidazothiazole zum Beispiel: Butamisol, Levamisol, Tetramisol; aus der Klasse der Aminophenylamidine zum Beispiel: Amidantel, deacyliertes Amidantel (dAMD), Tribendimidin; aus der Klasse der Aminoacetonitrile zum Beispiel: Monepantel; aus der Klasse der Paraherquamide zum Beispiel: Paraherquamid, Derquantel; aus der Klasse der Salicylanilide zum Beispiel: Tribromsalan, Bromoxanid, Brotianid, Clioxanid, Closantel, Niclosamid, Oxyclozanid, Rafoxanid; aus der Klasse der substituierten Phenole zum Beispiel: Nitroxynil, Bithionol, Disophenol, Hexachlorophen, Niclofolan, Meniclopholan; aus der Klasse der Organophosphate zum Beispiel: Trichlorfon, Naphthalofos, Dichlorvos/DDVP, Crufomat, Coumaphos, Haloxon; aus der Klasse der Piperazinone/Chinoline zum Beispiel: Praziquantel, Epsiprantel; aus der Klasse der Piperazine zum Beispiel: Piperazin, Hydroxyzin; aus der Klasse der Tetracycline zum Beispiel: Tetracyclin, Chlorotetracyclin, Doxycyclin, Oxytetracyclin, Rolitetracyclin; aus diversen anderen Klassen zum Beispiel: Bunamidin, Niridazol, Resorantel, Omphalotin, Oltipraz, Nitroscanat, Nitroxynil, Oxamniquin, Mirasan, Miraeil, Lucanthon, Hycanthon, Hetolin, Emetin, Diethylcarbamazin, Dichlorophen, Diamfenetid, Clonazepam, Bephenium, Amoscanat, Clorsulon. Antiprotozoische Wirkstoffe, darunter, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, die folgenden Wirkstoffe: aus der Klasse der Triazine zum Beispiel: Diclazuril, Ponazuril, Letrazuril, Toltrazuril; aus der Klasse Polyletherionophor zum Beispiel: Monensin, Salinomycin, Maduramicin, Narasin; aus der Klasse der makrocyclischen Lactone zum Beispiel: Milbemycin, Erythromycin; aus der Klasse der Chinolone zum Beispiel: Enrofloxacin, Pradofloxacin; aus der Klasse der Chinine zum Beispiel: Chloroquin; aus der Klasse der Pyrimidine zum Beispiel: Pyrimethamin; aus der Klasse der Sulfonamide zum Beispiel: Sulfachinoxalin, Trimethoprim, Sulfaclozin; aus der Klasse der Thiamine zum Beispiel: Amprolium; aus der Klasse der Lincosamide zum Beispiel: Clindamycin; aus der Klasse der Carbanilide zum Beispiel: Imidocarb; aus der Klasse der Nitrofurane zum Beispiel: Nifurtimox; aus der Klasse der Chinazolinonalkaloide zum Beispiel: Halofuginon; aus diversen anderen Klassen zum Beispiel: Oxamniquin, Paromomycin; aus der Klasse der Vakzine oder Antigene aus Mikroorganismen zum Beispiel: Babesia canis rossi, Eimeria tenella, Eimeria praecox, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria acervulina, Babesia canis vogeli, Leishmania infantum, Babesia canis canis, Dictyocaulus viviparus. The anthelmintic agents include, but are not limited to, the following nematicidal, tremesticidal and / or cestotic agents: from the class of macrocyclic lactones, for example: eprinomectin, abamectin, nemadectin, moxidectin, doramectin, selamectin, lepimectin, latidectin, milbemectin, Ivermectin, emamectin, milbemycin; from the class of benzimidazoles and sample zimidazoles, for example: oxibendazole, mebendazole, triclabendazole, thiophanate, parbendazole, oxfendazole, netobimine, fenbendazole, febantel, thiabendazole, cyclobendazole, cambendazole, albendazole sulfoxide, albendazole, flubendazole; from the class of depsipeptides, preferably cyclic depsipetides, in particular 24-membered cyclic depsipeptides, for example: emodepside, PF1022A; from the class of tetrahydropyrimidines for example: Morantel, Pyrantel, Oxantel; from the class of imidazothiazoles, for example: butamisole, levamisole, tetramisole; from the class of aminophenylamidines, for example: amide shell, deacylated amide shell (dAMD), tribendimidine; from the class of aminoacetonitriles, for example: Monepantel; from the class of Paraherquamide, for example: Paraherquamid, Derquantel; from the class of salicylanilides for example: Tribromsalan, Bromoxanid, Brotianid, Clioxanid, Closantel, Niclosamid, Oxyclozanid, Rafoxanid; from the class of substituted phenols, for example: nitroxynil, bithionol, disophenol, hexachlorophene, nicolofolane, meniclopholan; from the class of organophosphates, for example: trichlorophone, naphthalofos, dichlorvos / DDVP, crufomat, coumaphos, haloxone; from the class of piperazinones / quinolines for example: praziquantel, epsiprantel; from the class of piperazines for example: piperazine, hydroxyzine; from the class of tetracyclines for example: tetracycline, chlorotetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, rolitetracycline; from various other classes, for example: bunamidine, niridazole, resorantel, omphalotin, oltipraz, nitroscanate, nitroxynil, oxamniquine, mirasan, miraeil, lucanthone, hycanthone, hetoline, emetine, diethylcarbamazine, dichlorophen, diamfenetide, clonazepam, bephenium, amoscanate, clorsulon. Antiprotozoal agents, including, but not limited to, the following: from the class of triazines, for example: diclazuril, ponazuril, letrazuril, toltrazuril; from the class polyl ether ionophore for example: monensin, salinomycin, maduramicin, narasin; from the class of macrocyclic lactones, for example: milbemycin, erythromycin; from the class of quinolones for example: enrofloxacin, pradofloxacin; from the class of quinines for example: chloroquine; from the class of pyrimidines for example: pyrimethamine; from the class of sulfonamides for example: sulfachinoxalin, trimethoprim, sulfaclozin; from the class of thiamine for example: amprolium; from the class of lincosamides for example: clindamycin; from the class of carbanilides, for example: imidocarb; from the class of nitrofurans, for example: nifurtimox; from the class of quinazolinone alkaloids, for example: halofuginone; from various other classes for example: oxamniquine, paromomycin; from the class of vaccines or antigens from microorganisms for example: Babesia canis rossi, Eimeria tenella, Eimeria praecox, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria maxima, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria acervulina, Babesia canis vogeli, Leishmania infantum, Babesia canis canis, Dictyocaulus viviparus ,
Alle genannten Mischungspartner können außerdem, wenn sie auf Grund ihrer funktionellen Gruppen dazu imstande sind, gegebenenfalls mit geeigneten Basen oder Säuren Salze bilden. Vektorbekämpfung In addition, if they are capable of doing so on the basis of their functional groups, all said mixing partners can optionally form salts with suitable bases or acids. vector control
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) können auch in der Vektorbekämpfung eingesetzt werden. Ein Vektor im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Arthropode, insbesondere ein Insekt oder Arachnide, der in der Lage ist, Krankheitserreger wie z. B. Viren, Würmer, Einzeller und Bakterien aus einem Reservoir (Pflanze, Tier, Mensch, etc.) auf einen Wirt zu übertragen. Die Krankheitserreger können entweder mechanisch (z. B. Trachoma durch nicht-stechende Fliegen) auf einem Wirt, oder nach Injektion (z. B. Malaria-Parasiten durch Mücken) in einen Wirt übertragen werden. The compounds of formula (I) can also be used in vector control. A vector in the context of the present invention is an arthropod, in particular an insect or arachnid, which is able to attack pathogens such. As viruses, worms, protozoa and bacteria from a reservoir (plant, animal, human, etc.) to a host to transfer. The pathogens can be transferred to a host either mechanically (eg, trachoma by non-stinging flies) on a host, or after injection (eg, malaria parasites by mosquitoes).
Beispiele für Vektoren und die von ihnen übertragenen Krankheiten bzw. Krankheitserreger sind: Examples of vectors and their transmitted diseases or pathogens are:
1) Mücken 1) mosquitoes
- Anopheles: Malaria, Filariose; - Culex: Japanische Encephalitis, Filariasis, weitere virale Erkrankungen, Übertragung von anderen- Anopheles: malaria, filariasis; - Culex: Japanese encephalitis, filariasis, other viral diseases, transmission of others
Würmern; worms;
- Aedes: Gelbfieber, Dengue-Fieber, weitere virale Erkrankungen, Filariasis; - Aedes: yellow fever, dengue fever, other viral diseases, filariasis;
- Simulien: Übertragung von Würmern, insbesondere Onchocerca volvulus; - Simulia: transmission of worms, in particular Onchocerca volvulus;
- Psychodidae: Übertragung von Leishmaniose 2) Läuse: Hautinfektionen, epidemisches Fleckfieber; - Psychodidae: transmission of leishmaniasis 2) lice: skin infections, epidemic typhus;
3) Flöhe: Pest, endemisches Fleckfieber, Bandwürmer; 3) fleas: plague, endemic typhus, tapeworms;
4) Fliegen: Schlafkrankheit (Trypanosomiasis); Cholera, weitere bakterielle Erkrankungen; 5) Milben: Acariose, epidemisches Fleckfieber, Rickettsipocken, Tularämie, Saint-Louis-Enzephalitis, Frühsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME), Krim-Kongo-Fieber, Borreliose; 4) flies: sleeping sickness (trypanosomiasis); Cholera, other bacterial diseases; 5) mites: acariosis, epidemic typhus, rickettsipox, tularemia, Saint-Louis encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), Crimean Congo fever, borreliosis;
6) Zecken: Borelliosen wie Borrelia bungdorferi sensu lato., Borrelia duttoni, Frühsommer- Meningoenzephalitis, Q-Fieber (Coxiella bumetii), Babesien (Babesia canis canis), Ehrlichiose. 6) Ticks: Borellioses such as Borrelia bungdorferi sensu lato., Borrelia duttoni, tick-borne encephalitis, Q fever (Coxiella bumetii), Babesia (Babesia canis canis), ehrlichiosis.
Beispiele für Vektoren im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Insekten, zum Beispiel Aphiden, Fliegen, Zikaden oder Thripse, die Pflanzenviren auf Pflanzen übertragen können. Weitere Vektoren, die Pflanzenviren übertragen können, sind Spinnmilben, Läuse, Käfer und Nematoden. Examples of vectors for the purposes of the present invention are insects, for example aphids, flies, cicadas or thrips, which can transmit plant viruses to plants. Other vectors that can transmit plant viruses are spider mites, lice, beetles and nematodes.
Weitere Beispiele für Vektoren im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Insekten und Arachniden wie Mücken, insbesondere der Gattungen Aedes, Anopheles, z. B. A. gambiae, A. arabiensis, A. funestus, A. dirus (Malaria) und Culex, Psychodide wie Phlebotomus, Lutzomyia, Läuse, Flöhe, Fliegen, Milben und Zecken, die Krankheitserreger auf Tiere und/oder Menschen übertragen können. Further examples of vectors for the purposes of the present invention are insects and arachnids such as mosquitoes, in particular of the genera Aedes, Anopheles, z. A. gambiae, A. arabiensis, A. funestus, A. dirus (malaria) and Culex, psychodides such as phlebotomus, lutzomyia, lice, fleas, flies, mites and ticks that can transmit pathogens to animals and / or humans.
Eine Vektorbekämpfung ist auch möglich, wenn die Verbindungen der Formel (I) Resistenz-brechend sind. Vector control is also possible when the compounds of formula (I) are resistance-disrupting.
Verbindungen der Formel (I) sind zur Verwendung in der Prävention von Krankheiten und/oder Krankheitserregern, die durch Vektoren übertragen werden, geeignet. Somit ist ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Verwendung von Verbindungen der Formel (I) zur Vektorbekämpfung, z. B. in der Landwirtschaft, im Gartenbau, in Forsten, in Gärten und Freizeiteinrichtungen sowie im Vorrats und Materialschutz. Compounds of formula (I) are suitable for use in the prevention of diseases and / or pathogens transmitted by vectors. Thus, another aspect of the present invention is the use of compounds of formula (I) for vector control, e.g. As in agriculture, horticulture, forests, gardens and recreational facilities and in the supply and protection of materials.
Schutz von technischen Materialen Protection of technical materials
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) eignen sich zum Schutz von technischen Materialien gegen Befall oder Zerstörung durch Insekten, z. B. aus den Ordnungen Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera und Zygentoma. The compounds of the formula (I) are suitable for the protection of industrial materials against attack or destruction by insects, eg. B. from the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Psocoptera and Zygentoma.
Unter technischen Materialien sind im vorliegenden Zusammenhang nicht lebende Materialien zu verstehen, wie vorzugsweise Kunststoffe, Klebstoffe, Leime, Papiere und Kartone, Leder, Holz, Holzverarbeitungsprodukte und Anstrichmittel. Die Anwendung der Erfindung zum Schutz von Holz ist besonders bevorzugt. Technical materials in the present context are non-living materials, such as preferably plastics, adhesives, glues, papers and cardboard, leather, wood, wood processing products and paints. The application of the invention for the protection of wood is particularly preferred.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform werden die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zusammen mit mindestens einem weiteren Insektizid und/oder mindestens einem Fungizid eingesetzt. In a further embodiment, the compounds of the formula (I) are used together with at least one further insecticide and / or at least one fungicide.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform liegen die Verbindungen der Formel (I) als ein anwendungsfertiges (ready-to-use) Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel vor, d. h., sie können ohne weitere Änderungen auf das entsprechende Material aufgebracht werden. Als weitere Insektizide oder Fungizide kommen insbesondere die oben genannten in Frage. In a further embodiment, the compounds of the formula (I) are present as ready-to-use pesticides, ie they can be applied to the pesticide without further changes appropriate material can be applied. As further insecticides or fungicides, in particular those mentioned above come into question.
Überraschenderweise wurde auch gefunden, dass die Verbindungen der Formel (I) zum Schutz vor Bewuchs von Gegenständen, insbesondere von Schiffskörpern, Sieben, Netzen, Bauwerken, Kaianlagen und Signalanlagen, welche mit See- oder Brackwasser in Verbindung kommen, verwendet werden können. Gleichfalls können die Verbindungen der Formel (I) allein oder in Kombinationen mit anderen Wirkstoffen als Antifouling-Mittel eingesetzt werden. Surprisingly, it has also been found that the compounds of the formula (I) can be used to protect against the growth of objects, in particular hulls, sieves, nets, structures, quays and signal systems, which come into contact with seawater or brackish water. Likewise, the compounds of the formula (I) can be used alone or in combination with other active substances as antifouling agents.
Bekämpfung von tierischen Schädlingen auf dem Hygienesektor Control of animal pests in the hygiene sector
Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) eignen sich zur Bekämpfung von tierischen Schädlingen auf dem Hygienesektor. Insbesondere kann die Erfindung im Haushalts-, Hygiene- und Vorratsschutz verwendet werden, vor allem zur Bekämpfung von Insekten, Spinnentieren, Zecken und Milben, die in geschlossenen Räumen, wie beispielsweise Wohnungen, Fabrikhallen, Büros, Fahrzeugkabinen, Tierzuchtanlagen Vorkommen. Zur Bekämpfung der tierischen Schädlinge werden die Verbindungen der Formel (I) allein oder in Kombination mit anderen Wirk- und/oder Hilfsstoffen verwendet. Bevorzugt werden sie in Haushaltsinsektizid-Produkten verwendet. Die Verbindungen der Formel (I) sind gegen sensible und resistente Arten sowie gegen alle Entwicklungsstadien wirksam. The compounds of the formula (I) are suitable for controlling animal pests in the hygiene sector. In particular, the invention can be used in household, hygiene and storage protection, especially for controlling insects, arachnids, ticks and mites occurring in confined spaces, such as homes, factories, offices, vehicle cabins, animal husbandry. To combat animal pests, the compounds of formula (I) are used alone or in combination with other active ingredients and / or excipients. Preferably, they are used in household insecticide products. The compounds of formula (I) are active against sensitive and resistant species and against all stages of development.
Zu diesen Schädlingen gehören beispielsweise Schädlinge aus der Klasse Arachnida, aus den Ordnungen Scorpiones, Araneae und Opiliones, aus den Klassen Chilopoda und Diplopoda, aus der Klasse Insecta die Ordnung Blattodea, aus den Ordnungen Coleoptera, Dermaptera, Diptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Phthiraptera, Psocoptera, Saltatoria oder Orthoptera, Siphonaptera und Zygentoma und aus der Klasse Malacostraca die Ordnung Isopoda. These pests include, for example, pests of the class Arachnida, from the orders Scorpiones, Araneae and Opiliones, from the classes Chilopoda and Diplopoda, from the class Insecta the order Blattodea, from the orders Coleoptera, Dermaptera, Diptera, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera, Phthiraptera, Psocoptera, Saltatoria or Orthoptera, Siphonaptera and Zygentoma and from the class Malacostraca the order Isopoda.
Die Anwendung erfolgt beispielsweise in Aerosolen, drucklosen Sprühmitteln, z. B. Pump- und Zerstäubersprays, Nebelautomaten, Foggem, Schäumen, Gelen, Verdampferprodukten mit Verdampferplättchen aus Cellulose oder Kunststoff, Flüssigverdampfem, Gel- und Membranverdampfem, propellergetriebenen Verdampfern, energielosen bzw. passiven Verdampfungssystemen, Mottenpapieren, Mottensäckchen und Mottengelen, als Granulate oder Stäube, in Streuködem oder Köderstationen. The application is carried out for example in aerosols, non-pressurized sprays, z. As pump and Zerstäubersprays, foggers, Foggem, foams, gels, evaporator products with evaporator plates of cellulose or plastic, liquid evaporators, gel and Membranverdampfem, propeller driven evaporators, energy-less or passive evaporation systems, moth papers, mantles and moth gels, as granules or dusts, in scattered edema or bait stations.
Analytische Bestimmungen Analytical determinations
Die nachstehend beschriebenen Durchführungen der analytischen Bestimmungen beziehen sich auf alle Angaben im gesamten Dokument, sofern die Durchführung der jeweiligen analytischen Bestimmung an der jeweiligen Textstelle nicht gesondert beschrieben ist. Die Messungen der H-NMR Spektren wurden mit einem Broker Avance III 400 MHz Spektrometer, ausgestattet mit einem 1.7 mm TCI Probenkopf, mit Tetramethylsilan als Standard (0.00 ppm) von Lösungen in den Lösungsmitteln CD3CN, CDCL oder dö-DMSO durchgeführt. Alternativ wurde ein Broker Avance III 600 MHz Spektrometer ausgestattet mit einem 5 mm CPNMP Probenkopf oder ein Broker Avance NEO 600 MHz Spektrometer ausgestattet mit einem 5 mm TCI Probenkopf für die Messungen verwendet. In der Regel wurden die Messungen bei einer Probenkopftemperatur von 298 K durchgeführt. Sofern andere Messtemperaturen verwendet wurden, wird dies gesondert vermerkt. The analyzes of the analytical determinations described below refer to all information in the entire document, unless the execution of the respective analytical determination at the respective text is described separately. The measurements of the H-NMR spectra were performed with a Broker Avance III 400 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 1.7 mm TCI probe, with tetramethylsilane as standard (0.00 ppm) of solutions in the solvents CD3CN, CDCL or d ö -DMSO. Alternatively, a broker Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm CPNMP probe head or a broker Avance NEO 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm TCI probe head was used for the measurements. As a rule, the measurements were carried out at a probe head temperature of 298 K. If other measurement temperatures have been used, this will be noted separately.
NMR-Peaklisten- V erfahren NMR peak list experience
Die H-NMR-Datcn ausgewählter Beispiele werden in Form von ^-NMR-Peaklisten dargestellt. Zu jedem Signalpeak wird erst der d-Wert in ppm und dann die Signalintensität in runden Klammem aufgeführt. Die d-Wert - Signalintensitäts- Zahlenpaare von verschiedenen Signalpeaks werden durch Semikolons voneinander getrennt aufgelistet. The H-NMR data of selected examples are presented in terms of ^ -NMR peaks. For each signal peak, first the d-value in ppm and then the signal intensity in round brackets are listed. The d-value signal intensity number pairs of different signal peaks are listed separated by semicolons.
Die Peakliste eines Beispiels hat daher die Form: di (Intensität! 1; 62 (lntensität2); . ; d; (Intensität,'; . ; dh (lntensitätn) Die lntensität scharfer Signale korreliert mit der Höhe der Signale in einer gedruckten Darstellung einesThe peak list of an example therefore has the form: di (intensity ! 1 ; 6 2 (intensity 2 );.; D; (intensity, ';;; d h (intensity n ) The intensity of sharp signals correlates with the height of the signals in a printed representation of a
H-NMR-Spcktrums in cm und zeigt die wirklichen Verhältnisse der Signalintensitäten. Bei breiten Signalen können mehrere Peaks oder die Mitte des Signals und ihre relative lntensität im Vergleich zum intensivsten Signal im Spektrum gezeigt werden. H NMR spckrums in cm and shows the true ratios of signal intensities. For broad signals, several peaks or the center of the signal and their relative intensity can be shown compared to the most intense signal in the spectrum.
Zur Kalibrierung der chemischen Verschiebung von H-NMR-Spcktrcn wird Tetramethylsilan genutzt oder die chemische Verschiebung des Lösungsmittels, falls die Probe kein Tetramethylsilan enthält. Daher können die ^-NMR-Peaklisten unter Umständen den Tetramethylsilan-Peak enthalten. Tetramethylsilane is used to calibrate the chemical shift of H-NMR spectra or the chemical shift of the solvent if the sample does not contain tetramethylsilane. Therefore, the ^ -NMR peaks may contain the tetramethylsilane peak.
Die Listen der H-NMR-Pcaks sind äquivalent zu den klassischen H-NMR-Darstcllungcn und enthalten somit gewöhnlich alle Peaks, die bei einer klassischen H-NMR-Intcrprctation aufgeführt werden. The lists of the H-NMR Pcaks are equivalent to the classical H-NMR representations and thus usually contain all the peaks that are listed in a classical H-NMR-Intcrprctation.
Darüber hinaus können sie wie klassische H-NMR-Darstcllungcn Lösungsmittelsignale, Signale von Stereoisomeren der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen, die gegebenenfalls Gegenstand der Erfindung sind, und/oder Peaks von Verunreinigungen zeigen. In addition, they can, like classical H-NMR imaging, display solvent signals, signals from stereoisomers of the compounds according to the invention, which are optionally the subject of the invention, and / or peaks of impurities.
NMR-Lösungsmittelsignale, der Tetramethylsilan-Peak und das Wassersignal im jeweiligen Lösungsmittel sind von der relativen lntensitätskalibrierung ausgenommen, weil die dafür angegebenen lntensitätswerte sehr hoch sein können. Die Peaks von (Stereo)Isomeren der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen und/oder Peaks von Verunreinigungen haben gewöhnlich im Durchschnitt eine geringere Intensität als die Peaks der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen (zum Beispiel bei einer Reinheit von >90%). NMR solvent signals, the tetramethylsilane peak, and the water signal in each solvent are excluded from the relative intensity calibration because the intensity values reported for it can be very high. The peaks of (stereo) isomers of the compounds according to the invention and / or peaks of impurities usually have on average a lower intensity than the peaks of the compounds according to the invention (for example with a purity of> 90%).
Solche Stereoisomere und/oder Verunreinigungen können typisch für das jeweilige Herstellungsverfahren sein. Ihre Peaks können somit dabei helfen, die Reproduktion eines Herstellungsverfahrens anhand von“Nebenprodukt-Fingerabdrücken” zu erkennen. Such stereoisomers and / or impurities may be typical of the particular preparation process. Their peaks can thus help to detect the reproduction of a manufacturing process by "by-product fingerprints."
Einem Experten, der die Peaks der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen mit bekannten Verfahren (MestreC, ACD-Simulation, aber auch mit empirisch ausgewerteten Erwartungswerten) berechnet, kann je nach Bedarf die Peaks der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen identifizieren, wobei gegebenenfalls zusätzliche Intensitätsfilter eingesetzt werden. Diese Identifizierung ist äquivalent zur betreffenden Peak- Auflistung bei der klassischen lH-NMR-Interpretation. An expert who calculates the peaks of the compounds according to the invention using known methods (MestreC, ACD simulation, but also with empirically evaluated expected values) can, as needed, identify the peaks of the compounds according to the invention, optionally using additional intensity filters. This identification is equivalent to the respective peak listing in classical 1H-NMR interpretation.
Das benutzte Lösungsmittel kann aus der JCAMP-Datei mit dem Parameter„solvent“ ausgelesen werden, die Messfrequenz des Spektrometers mit„observe frequency“ und das Spektrometermodell mit „spectrometer/data System“. The used solvent can be read out of the JCAMP file with the parameter "solvent", the measuring frequency of the spectrometer with "observe frequency" and the spectrometer model with "spectrometer / data system".
13C-NMR-Daten werden analog zu den H-NMR Daten als Peaklisten aus breitbandentkoppelten 13C- NMR-Spektren angegeben. Auch hier sind die NMR-Lösungsmittelsignale und Tetramethylsilan aus der relativen Intensitätskalibrierung herausgenommen, weil diese Signale sehr hohe Intensitätswerte haben können. 13 C-NMR data are given analogous to the H-NMR data as peak lists from broadband-decoupled 13 C-NMR spectra. Again, the NMR solvent signals and tetramethylsilane are removed from the relative intensity calibration because these signals can have very high intensity values.
Weitere Details zu H-NMR-Pcaklistcn können entnommen werden aus:“Citation of NMR Peaklist Data within Patent Applications” in der Research Disclosure Database Number 564025. logP-Werte Further details on H-NMR spectroscopy can be found in: "Citation of NMR Peak Data within Patent Applications" in Research Disclosure Database Number 564025. logP Values
Die Bestimmung der logP-Werte erfolgte gemäß EEC Directive 79/831 Annex V.A8 durch HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) an einer Phasenumkehrsäule (C18) mit Hilfe folgender Methoden: The determination of the logP values was carried out according to EEC Directive 79/831 Annex V.A8 by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) on a phase reversal column (C18) using the following methods:
[a] Der logP Wert wird durch LC-UV Messung im sauren Bereich bestimmt, mit 0.9 ml/1 Ameisensäure in Wasser und 1.0 ml/1 Ameisensäure in Acetonitril als Eluenten (linearer Gradient von 10% Acetonitrile bis 95% Acetonitril). [a] The logP value is determined by LC-UV measurement in the acidic range, with 0.9 ml / 1 formic acid in water and 1.0 ml / 1 formic acid in acetonitrile as eluent (linear gradient from 10% acetonitrile to 95% acetonitrile).
|h Der logP Wert wird durch LC-UV Messung im neutralen Bereich bestimmt, mit 79 mg/1 Ammoniumcarbonat in Wasser und Acetonitril als Eluenten (linearer Gradient von 10% Acetonitril bis 95% Acetonitril). Die Kalibrierung wurde mit einer homologen Reihe geradkettiger Alkan-2-one (mit 3 bis 16 Kohlenstoffatomen) mit bekannten logP Werten durchgeführt. Die Werte zwischen aufeinanderfolgender Alkanone werden durch lineare Regression bestimmt. | h The logP value is determined by LC-UV measurement in the neutral range, with 79 mg / 1 ammonium carbonate in water and acetonitrile as eluent (linear gradient from 10% acetonitrile to 95% acetonitrile). Calibration was carried out with a homologous series of straight-chain alkan-2-ones (having 3 to 16 carbon atoms) with known logP values. The values between consecutive alkanones are determined by linear regression.
Herstellungsbeispiele Preparation Examples
I. Allgemeine Synthese der Verbindungen der Formel (I) nach Verfahren B: I. General Synthesis of Compounds of Formula (I) by Method B:
Figure imgf000061_0001
Figure imgf000061_0001
Schritt 1 : Synthese von Verbindungen der Formel (IV)  Step 1: Synthesis of Compounds of Formula (IV)
Figure imgf000061_0002
Figure imgf000061_0002
Zu einer Lösung von 1,0 Äquiv. (18,6 mmol) 2-substituiertem 5-Halogen-pyridin (Halogen = Brom oder Iod) in 20 ml
Figure imgf000061_0003
wurden unter Schutzgasatmosphäre (Argon) 1,0 Äquiv. (18,6 mmol) 2( 1 /7)-Pyridinon, 1,5 Äquiv. (27,9 mmol) Kaliumcarbonat und 0,05 Äquiv. (0,9 mmol) Kupfer(I)-iodid gegeben. Danach wurde das Reaktionsgemisch eine Stunde bei 120 °C gerührt. Zur Aufarbeitung wurde der Reaktionsansatz nach dem Abkühlen über Celite filtriert und im Vakuum eingeengt. Der verbleibende Rückstand wurde mittels Säulenchromatographie an Kieselgel (Gradient: Cyclohexan- Aceton) gereinigt. To a solution of 1.0 equiv. (18.6 mmol) 2-substituted 5-halopyridine (halogen = bromine or iodine) in 20 ml
Figure imgf000061_0003
were under protective gas atmosphere (argon) 1.0 equiv. (18.6 mmol) 2 (1/7) pyridinone, 1.5 equiv. (27.9 mmol) potassium carbonate and 0.05 equiv. (0.9 mmol) of copper (I) iodide. Thereafter, the reaction mixture was stirred at 120 ° C for one hour. For workup, the reaction mixture was filtered after cooling over Celite and concentrated in vacuo. The remaining residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (gradient: cyclohexane-acetone).
[1(2//), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-1) [1 (2 //), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-1)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
2459,9 mg (12,0 mmol) 3-Iodpyridin 2459.9 mg (12.0 mmol) of 3-iodopyridine
1141,2 mg (12,0 mmol) 2(l//)-Pyridinon  1141.2 mg (12.0 mmol) of 2 (1 //) pyridinone
2487,6 mg (18,0 mmol) Kaliumcarbonat  2487.6 mg (18.0 mmol) of potassium carbonate
114,2 mg (0,60 mmol) Kupfer(l)-iodid  114.2 mg (0.60 mmol) of copper (I) iodide
12,0 ml ,V, /V-Dimcthylformamid Man erhielt 518,0 mg (25,0 % der Theorie) [1(2 H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-l). 12.0 ml, V, / V-dimethylformamide 518.0 mg (25.0% of theory) of [1 (2 H), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-1) were obtained.
6‘-Difluormethyl-[l(2//), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-2) 6'-difluoromethyl [l (2 //), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-2)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
2000,0 mg (9,6 mmol) 5-Brom-2-(difluormethyl)-pyridin 2000.0 mg (9.6 mmol) of 5-bromo-2- (difluoromethyl) -pyridine
914,4 mg (9,6 mmol) 2(l//)-Pyridinon 914.4 mg (9.6 mmol) of 2 (1 //) pyridinone
1993.2 mg (14,4 mmol) Kaliumcarbonat  1993.2 mg (14.4 mmol) of potassium carbonate
91,5 mg (0,48 mmol) Kupfer(I)-iodid  91.5 mg (0.48 mmol) of copper (I) iodide
10,0 ml ,V, ,V- D i me thy 1 fo rmami d  10.0 ml, V, V- D i me thy 1 fo rmami d
Man erhielt 1200,0 mg (56,2 % der Theorie) 6‘-Difluormcthyl-[ l (2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-2).  This gave 1200.0 mg (56.2% of theory) of 6'-difluoromethyl [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-2).
6‘-Chlordifluormethyl- [1(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-3) 6'-Chlorodifluoromethyl- [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-3)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
2000,0 mg (8,0 mmol) 5-Brom-2-(chlordifluormethyl)-pyridin 2000.0 mg (8.0 mmol) of 5-bromo-2- (chlorodifluoromethyl) -pyridine
760,9 mg (8,0 mmol) 2(l/7)-Pyridinon  760.9 mg (8.0 mmol) 2 (1/7) pyridinone
1658,8 mg (12,0 mmol) Kaliumcarbonat  1658.8 mg (12.0 mmol) of potassium carbonate
76.1 mg (0,40 mmol) Kupfer(I)-iodid  76.1 mg (0.40 mmol) of copper (I) iodide
6,0 ml ,V, ,V- D i me thy 1 fo rmami d  6.0 ml, V, V- D i me thy 1 fo rmami d
Man erhielt 442,0 mg (21,5 % der Theorie) 6‘-Chlordifluormethyl-[l(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-3).  This gave 442.0 mg (21.5% of theory) of 6'-chlorodifluoromethyl [l (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-3).
6‘-(l,l-Difluorethyl)-[l(2//), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-4) 6 '- (1,1-Difluoroethyl) - [l (2 //), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-4)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
1600,0 mg (6,8 mmol) 5-Brom-2-(l,l-difluorethyl)-pyridin 1600.0 mg (6.8 mmol) of 5-bromo-2- (1,1-difluoroethyl) -pyridine
651,0 mg (6,8 mmol) 2(l/7)-Pyridinon  651.0 mg (6.8 mmol) 2 (1/7) pyridinone
1419.2 mg (10,2 mmol) Kaliumcarbonat  1419.2 mg (10.2 mmol) of potassium carbonate
65.1 mg (0,34 mmol) Kupfer(I)-iodid  65.1 mg (0.34 mmol) of copper (I) iodide
5,0 ml ,V, ,V- D i me thy 1 fo rmami d  5.0 ml, V, V- D i me thy 1 fo rmami d
Man erhielt 631,0 mg (39,0 % der Theorie) 6‘-( 1 , 1 -Difluorcthyl)-[ 1 (2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-4). (Ä,5)-6‘-(l-Fluorethyl)-[l(2//), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-5) 631.0 mg (39.0% of theory) of 6 '- (1, 1-difluoroocthyl) - [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-4) were obtained. (A, 5) -6 '- (1-fluoroethyl) - [l (2 //), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-5)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
4000,0 mg (18,6 mmol) (R,5)-5-Brom-2-(l-fluorethyl)-pyridin 4000.0 mg (18.6 mmol) of (R, 5) -5-bromo-2- (1-fluoroethyl) -pyridine
1771,1 mg (18,6 mmol) 2(l//)-Pyridinon  1771.1 mg (18.6 mmol) of 2 (1 //) pyridinone
3860,8 mg (27,9 mmol) Kaliumcarbonat  3860.8 mg (27.9 mmol) of potassium carbonate
177,3 mg (0,93 mmol) Kupfer(I)-iodid  177.3 mg (0.93 mmol) of copper (I) iodide
20,0 ml ,V, ,V- D i m c t h y 1 fo r m a m i d  20.0 ml, V, V-D i m c t h y 1 fo m m i d
Man erhielt 2100,0 mg (51,6 % der Theorie) (R,S)-6‘-( 1 -Fluorcthyl)-[ 1 (2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-5).  2100.0 mg (51.6% of theory) of (R, S) -6 '- (1-fluoro-butyl) - [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-5 ).
Schritt 2: Synthese von Verbindungen der Formel (VI) Step 2: Synthesis of Compounds of Formula (VI)
Figure imgf000063_0001
Figure imgf000063_0001
1,0 Äquiv. (2,5 mmol) einer Verbindung der Formel (IV) und 10,0 Äquiv. (25,8 mmol) Natriumhydrogencarbonat wurden in 60 ml 1,4-Dioxan verrührt. Nach Zugabe von 5,0 Äquiv. (12,9 mmol) Diphosphorpentasulfid wurde der Reaktionsansatz ca. 18 Stunden bei 80 °C gerührt. Zur Aufarbeitung wurde der Reaktionsansatz nach dem Abkühlen über Celite filtriert, mit Dichlormethan nachgespült und im Vakuum bis zur Trockne eingeengt. Der verbleibende Rückstand wurde mittels Säulenchromatographie an Kieselgel (Gradient: Cyclohexan- Aceton) gereinigt. 1.0 equiv. (2.5 mmol) of a compound of formula (IV) and 10.0 equiv. (25.8 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate were stirred in 60 ml of 1,4-dioxane. After addition of 5.0 equiv. (12.9 mmol) diphosphorus pentasulfide, the reaction mixture was stirred at 80 ° C for about 18 hours. For workup, the reaction mixture was filtered after cooling on Celite, rinsed with dichloromethane and concentrated in vacuo to dryness. The remaining residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (gradient: cyclohexane-acetone).
[1(2//), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-1) [1 (2 //), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-1)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
1410,0 mg (8,1 mmol) [1(2 H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-1) 1410.0 mg (8.1 mmol) of [1 (2 H), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-1)
6879,1 mg (81,8 mmol) Natriumhydrogencarbonat  6879.1 mg (81.8 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate
9101,1 mg (40,9 mmol) Diphosphorpentasulfid  9101.1 mg (40.9 mmol) of diphosphorus pentasulfide
60,0 ml 1,4-Dioxan  60.0 ml of 1,4-dioxane
Man erhielt 523,0 mg (24,7 % der Theorie) [1(2 H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-1).  This gave 523.0 mg (24.7% of theory) of [1 (2 H), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-1).
6‘-Difluormethyl-[l(2//), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-2) Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: 6'-Difluoromethyl [1 (2 //), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-2) The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
1200,0 mg (5,4 mmol) 6‘-Difluormcthyl-[l (2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-2) 1200.0 mg (5.4 mmol) of 6'-difluoromethyl- [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-2)
4536.9 mg (54,0 mmol) Natriumhydrogencarbonat  4536.9 mg (54.0 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate
6002.3 mg (27,0 mmol) Diphosphorpentasulfid  6002.3 mg (27.0 mmol) diphosphorus pentasulfide
40,0 ml l,4-Dioxan  40.0 ml of 1,4-dioxane
Man erhielt 880,0 mg (68,3 % der Theorie) 6‘-Difluormcthyl-[l (2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-2).  This gave 880.0 mg (68.3% of theory) of 6'-difluoromethyl [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-2).
6‘-Chlordifluormethyl- [1(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-3) 6'-Chlorodifluoromethyl [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-3)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
640,0 mg (2,4 mmol) 6‘-Chlordifluormethyl-[l(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-3)  640.0 mg (2.4 mmol) of 6'-chlorodifluoromethyl [l (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-3)
2094.9 mg (24,9 mmol) Natriumhydrogencarbonat  2094.9 mg (24.9 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate
2771.5 mg (12,4 mmol) Diphosphorpentasulfid  2771.5 mg (12.4 mmol) of diphosphorus pentasulfide
20,0 ml l,4-Dioxan  20.0 ml of 1,4-dioxane
Man erhielt 440,0 mg (64,7 % der Theorie) 6‘-Chlordifluormethyl-[l(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-3).  440.0 mg (64.7% of theory) of 6'-chlorodifluoromethyl [1 (2/7), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-3) were obtained.
6‘-(l,l-Difluorethyl)-[l(2//), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-4) 6 '- (1,1-Difluoroethyl) - [l (2 //), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-4)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
610,0 mg (2,5 mmol) 6‘-(l,l-difluorethyl)-[l(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-4) 610mg (2.5mmol) 6 '- (1,1-difluoroethyl) - [1- (2/7), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-4)
2169.3 mg (25,8 mmol) Natriumhydrogencarbonat  2169.3 mg (25.8 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate
2870,0 mg (12,9 mmol) Diphosphorpentasulfid  2870.0 mg (12.9 mmol) of diphosphorus pentasulfide
60,0 ml l,4-Dioxan  60.0 ml of 1,4-dioxane
Man erhielt 468,0 mg (71,8 % der Theorie) 6‘-(l,l-Difluorethyl)-[l(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-4). 7?,£)-6‘-(l-Fluorethyl)-[l(2/7), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-5)  This gave 468.0 mg (71.8% of theory) of 6 '- (1,1-difluoroethyl) - [l (2/7), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-4). 7?, £) -6 '- (1-fluoroethyl) - [l (2/7), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-5)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
1550,0 mg (7,1 mmol) (R,S)-6‘-( 1 -Fluorcthyl)-[l (2H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-on (IV-5) 1550.0 mg (7.1 mmol) of (R, S) -6 '- (1-fluoro-butyl) - [l (2H), 3'-bipyridin] -2-one (IV-5)
5966.6 mg (71,0 mmol) Natriumhydrogencarbonat  5966.6 mg (71.0 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate
7893,8 mg (35,5 mmol) Diphosphorpentasulfid  7893.8 mg (35.5 mmol) of diphosphorus pentasulfide
100,0 ml l,4-Dioxan Man erhielt 1630,0 mg (90,6 %ige Reinheit) (R,S)-6‘-( 1 -Fluorcthyl)-[l (2H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI- 5). 100.0 ml of 1,4-dioxane This gave 1630.0 mg (90.6% purity) of (R, S) -6 '- (1-fluoro-butyl) - [l (2H), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-5).
Schritt 3: Synthese von Verbindungen der Formel (VII) Step 3: Synthesis of Compounds of Formula (VII)
Figure imgf000065_0001
1,0 Äquiv. (1,74 mmol) Verbindung der Formel (VI) (Synthese nach Schritt 2) wurden in 30 ml
Figure imgf000065_0001
1.0 equiv. (1.74 mmol) Compound of formula (VI) (synthesis after step 2) were dissolved in 30 ml
Acetonitril vorgelegt, mit 10,0 Äquiv. (17,4 mmol) Iodmethan versetzt und ca. 18 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Die Kontrolle mittels LC-MS zeigte, dass die Reaktion beendet war. Anschließend wurde der Reaktionsansatz im Vakuum eingeengt und das verbleibende Rohprodukt (VII) ohne weitere Reinigung im nachfolgenden Reaktionsschritt 4 umgesetzt. [l-[Pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-1) Acetonitrile, with 10.0 equiv. (17.4 mmol) of iodomethane and stirred for about 18 hours at room temperature. Control by LC-MS showed that the reaction was complete. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the remaining crude product (VII) reacted without further purification in the subsequent reaction step 4. [1- [pyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) -pyridinium iodide (VII-1)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
520,0 mg (2,0 mmol) [l(2H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-1) 520.0 mg (2.0 mmol) of [l (2H), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-1)
2862,0 mg (20,0 mmol) Iodmethan  2862.0 mg (20.0 mmol) of iodomethane
30,0 ml Acetonitril  30.0 ml of acetonitrile
Das nach dem Einengen im Vakuum verbleibende Rohprodukt (VII-2) wurde ohne weitere Reinigung im nachfolgenden Reaktionsschritt 4 umgesetzt. The crude product (VII-2) remaining in the vacuum after concentration was reacted in the subsequent reaction step 4 without further purification.
[l-[6-Diiluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-2) [1- [6-Diiloromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) pyridinium iodide (VII-2)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
850,0 mg (3,5 mmol) 6‘-Difluormethyl-[l(2H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-2) 850.0 mg (3.5 mmol) of 6'-difluoromethyl [1 (2H), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-2)
5063,6 mg (35,6 mmol) Iodmethan  5063.6 mg (35.6 mmol) of iodomethane
50,0 ml Acetonitril  50.0 ml of acetonitrile
Das nach dem Einengen im Vakuum verbleibende Rohprodukt (VII-2) wurde ohne weitere Reinigung im nachfolgenden Reaktionsschritt 4 umgesetzt.  The crude product (VII-2) remaining in the vacuum after concentration was reacted in the subsequent reaction step 4 without further purification.
[l-[6-Chlordifluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-3) Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: [1- [6-chlorodifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) pyridinium iodide (VII-3) The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
420,0 mg (1,5 mmol) 6‘-Chlordifluormethyl-[l(2H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-3) 420.0 mg (1.5 mmol) of 6'-chlorodifluoromethyl [1 (2H), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-3)
2186,0 mg (15,4 mmol) Iodmethan  2186.0 mg (15.4 mmol) of iodomethane
20,0 ml Acetonitril  20.0 ml of acetonitrile
Das nach dem Einengen im Vakuum verbleibende Rohprodukt (VII-2) wurde ohne weitere Reinigung im nachfolgenden Reaktionsschritt 4 umgesetzt. The crude product (VII-2) remaining in the vacuum after concentration was reacted in the subsequent reaction step 4 without further purification.
[l-[l,l-Difluorethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-4) [1- [l, l-Difluoroethyl-pyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) -pyridinium-iodide (VII-4)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
440,0 mg (1,7 mmol) 6‘-(l,l-Difluorethyl)-[l(2H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-4) 440.0 mg (1.7 mmol) of 6 '- (1,1-difluoroethyl) - [l (2H), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-4)
2475,4 mg (17,4 mmol) Iodmethan  2475.4 mg (17.4 mmol) of iodomethane
30,0 ml Acetonitril  30.0 ml of acetonitrile
Das nach dem Einengen im Vakuum verbleibende Rohprodukt (VII-2) wurde ohne weitere Reinigung im nachfolgenden Reaktionsschritt 4 umgesetzt. Ä,A)-[l-[l-Fluorethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-5) Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von:  The crude product (VII-2) remaining in the vacuum after concentration was reacted in the subsequent reaction step 4 without further purification. Ä, A) - [1- [l-Fluoroethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) pyridinium iodide (VII-5) The preparation was carried out according to the general procedure using:
1600,0 mg (6,4 mmol) (R,5)-6‘-(l-Fluorethyl)-[l(2H), 3‘-bipyridin]-2-thion (VI-5) 1600.0 mg (6.4 mmol) of (R, 5) -6 '- (1-fluoroethyl) - [l (2H), 3'-bipyridine] -2-thione (VI-5)
9208,1 mg (64,8 mmol) Iodmethan  9208.1 mg (64.8 mmol) of iodomethane
70,0 ml Acetonitril  70.0 ml of acetonitrile
Das nach dem Einengen im Vakuum verbleibende Rohprodukt (VII-2) wurde ohne weitere Reinigung im nachfolgenden Reaktionsschritt 4 umgesetzt.  The crude product (VII-2) remaining in the vacuum after concentration was reacted in the subsequent reaction step 4 without further purification.
Schritt 4: Synthese von Verbindungen der Formel (I) Step 4: Synthesis of Compounds of Formula (I)
Zu 1,0 Äquiv. (6,4 mmol) einer Verbindung der Formel (VII) (Synthese nach Schritt 3), gelöst in 100 ml Acetonitril, wurden 2,0 Äquiv. (12,9 mmol) Natriumhydrogencyanamid gegeben. Anschließend wurde das Reaktionsgemisch 18 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur gerührt. Zur Aufarbeitung wurde der Reaktionsansatz filtriert, die organische Phase im Vakuum eingeengt und der verbleibende Rückstand mittels Säulenchromatographie an Kieselgel gereinigt (Laufmittel Gradient: Cyclohexan : Aceton Gradient). To 1.0 equiv. (6.4 mmol) of a compound of formula (VII) (synthesis after step 3) dissolved in 100 ml of acetonitrile were added 2.0 equiv. (12.9 mmol) sodium hydrogen cyanamide. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. For workup, the reaction mixture was filtered, the organic phase concentrated in vacuo and the remaining residue purified by column chromatography on silica gel (mobile phase gradient: cyclohexane: acetone gradient).
[l-[Pyridin-3-yl]-2(l//)-pyridinylidene]cyanamid (1-1) Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: [l- [pyridin-3-yl] -2 (1 //) pyridinylidenes] cyanamide (1-1) The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
660,3 mg (2,0 mmol) [l-[Pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII- 1) 660.3 mg (2.0 mmol) of [1- [pyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) -pyridinium iodide (VII-1)
256,0 mg (4,0 mmol) Natriumhydrogencyanamid 30,0 ml Acetonitril 256.0 mg (4.0 mmol) sodium hydrogen cyanamide 30.0 ml acetonitrile
Man erhielt 152,0 mg (37,7 % der Theorie) [ 1 -[Pyridin-3-yl]-2( 1 7)-pyridinylidcnc]cyanamid (1-1). This gave 152.0 mg (37.7% of theory) of [1- [pyridin-3-yl] -2 (17) -pyridinylidenecyanamide (1-1).
13C-NMR (600 MHz, CD3CN) s = 111,5; 119,4; 125,0; 135,6; 140,4; 142,7; 148,5; 151,3 (=CH-); 138,7 (Pyridin-C); 163,9 (C=N-); 118,0 (CN) ppm. 13 C-NMR (600 MHz, CD 3 CN) s = 111.5; 119.4; 125.0; 135.6; 140.4; 142.7; 148.5; 151.3 (= CH-); 138.7 (pyridine-C); 163.9 (C = N-); 118.0 (CN) ppm.
[l-[6-Difluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2(l//)-pyridinylidene]cyanamid (1-2) [1- [6-Difluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2 (1 //) pyridinylidenes] cyanamide (1-2)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: 1330,6 mg (3,5 mmol) [l-[6-Difluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-2)The preparation was carried out according to the general procedure using: 1330.6 mg (3.5 mmol) of [1- [6-difluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) pyridinium iodide (VII-2)
448.1 mg (7,0 mmol) Natriumhydrogencyanamid 448.1 mg (7.0 mmol) sodium hydrogen cyanamide
50,0 ml Acetonitril  50.0 ml of acetonitrile
Man erhielt 789,0 mg (91,5 % der Theorie) [l-[6-Difluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2(li7)- pyridinylidene] cyanamid (1-2). [l-[6-Chlordifluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2(l//)-pyridinylidene]cyanamid (1-3)  This gave 789.0 mg (91.5% of theory) of [1- (6-difluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2 (li7) pyridinylidenes] cyanamide (1-2). [1- [6-chlorodifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2 (1 //) pyridinylidenes] cyanamide (1-3)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
638,5 mg (1,5 mmol) [l-[6-Chlordifluormethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-638.5 mg (1.5 mmol) of [1- [6-chlorodifluoromethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) pyridinium iodide (VII-
3) 3)
197.1 mg (3,0 mmol) Natriumhydrogencyanamid  197.1 mg (3.0 mmol) sodium hydrogen cyanamide
30,0 ml Acetonitril  30.0 ml of acetonitrile
Man erhielt 280,0 mg (64,7 % der Theorie) [ 1 -[6-Chlordifluormcthyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2( 1 H)- pyridinylidene] cyanamid (1-3).  280.0 mg (64.7% of theory) of [1- [6-chlorodifluoromethyl-pyridin-3-yl] -2 (1 H) -pyridinylidenenescyanamide (1-3) were obtained.
[l-[l,l-Difluorethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2(l//)-pyridinylidene]cyanamid (1-4) [1- [l, l-difluoroethylpyridin-3-yl] -2 (1 //) pyridinylidenes] cyanamide (1-4)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: 685.9 mg (1,7 mmol) [l-[l,l-Difluorethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-4) 222,7 mg (3,4 mmol) Natriumhydrogencyanamid The presentation was made according to the general procedure using: 685.9 mg (1.7 mmol) of [1- [l, l-difluoroethyl-pyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) -pyridinium-iodide (VII-4) 222.7 mg (3.4 mmol) of sodium hydrogen-cyanamide
30,0 ml Acetonitril  30.0 ml of acetonitrile
Man erhielt 379,0 mg (83,7 % der Theorie) [l-[l,l-Difluorethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2(lT7)- pyridinylidene] cyanamid (1-4). Ä,*S7-[l-[l-Fluorethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2(l//)-pyridinylidene]cyanamid (1-5) This gave 379.0 mg (83.7% of theory) of [1- [l, l-difluoroethylpyridin-3-yl] -2 (lT7) pyridinylidenes] cyanamide (1-4). Ä, * S7- [1- [1-fluoroethylpyridin-3-yl] -2 (1 //) pyridinylidenes] cyanamide (1-5)
Die Darstellung erfolgte gemäß der allgemeinen Vorschrift unter Verwendung von: The presentation was made according to the general procedure using:
2437.9 mg (6,5 mmol) (7?,5)-[l-[l-Fluorethyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2-(methylthio)-pyridinium-iodid (VII-5) 829,6 mg (13,0 mmol) Natriumhydrogencyanamid 2437.9 mg (6.5 mmol) of (7?, 5) - [1- [l-fluoroethylpyridin-3-yl] -2- (methylthio) -pyridinium iodide (VII-5) 829.6 mg (13 , 0 mmol) sodium hydrogen cyanamide
100,0 ml Acetonitril  100.0 ml of acetonitrile
Man erhielt 698,0 mg (44,4 % der Theorie) (R,S)-[ 1 -[ 1 -Fluorcthyl-pyridin-3-yl]-2( 1 H)- pyridinylidene] cyanamid (1-5).  There were obtained 698.0 mg (44.4% of theory) of (R, S) - [1- [1-fluoro-1-chloro-pyridin-3-yl] -2 (1 H) -pyridinylidenes-cyanamide (1-5).
Tabelle 1 Table 1
Analytische Daten zu Verbindungen der Formel (IV) Analytical data on compounds of the formula (IV)
Figure imgf000068_0001
Figure imgf000068_0001
Figure imgf000068_0002
Figure imgf000069_0001
Figure imgf000070_0002
Figure imgf000068_0002
Figure imgf000069_0001
Figure imgf000070_0002
Tabelle 2  Table 2
Analytische Daten zu Verbindungen der Formel (VI)
Figure imgf000070_0001
Analytical data on compounds of the formula (VI)
Figure imgf000070_0001
Figure imgf000070_0003
Figure imgf000071_0001
Figure imgf000070_0003
Figure imgf000071_0001
Tabelle 3 Table 3
Analytische Daten zu Verbindungen der Formel (I)
Figure imgf000072_0001
Analytical data on compounds of the formula (I)
Figure imgf000072_0001
Figure imgf000072_0002
Figure imgf000073_0001
Figure imgf000072_0002
Figure imgf000073_0001
Biologische Beispiele Biological examples
Ctenocephalides felis - in-vitro Kontakttests mit adulten Katzenflöhen Ctenocephalides felis - in vitro contact tests with adult cat fleas
Für die Beschichtung der Teströhrchen werden zunächst 9 mg Wirkstoff in 1 ml Aceton p.a. gelöst und anschließend mit Aceton p.a. auf die gewünschte Konzentration verdünnt. 250 mΐ der Lösung werden durch Drehen und Kippen auf einem Rotationsschüttler (2 h Schaukelrotation bei 30 rpm) homogen auf den Innenwänden und dem Boden eines 25ml Glasröhrchens verteilt. Bei 900 ppm Wirkstofflösung und 44,7 cm2 Innenoberfläche wird bei homogener Verteilung eine Flächendosis von 5 pg/cm2 erreicht. For the coating of the test tubes, first 9 mg of active ingredient are dissolved in 1 ml of acetone pa and then diluted with acetone pa to the desired concentration. 250 mΐ of the solution are homogeneously distributed on the inner walls and the bottom of a 25 ml glass tube by turning and tilting on a rotary shaker (2 h swing rotation at 30 rpm). At 900 ppm of active substance solution and 44.7 cm 2 of internal surface, a surface dose of 5 pg / cm 2 is achieved with homogeneous distribution.
Nach Abdampfen des Lösungsmittels werden die Gläschen mit 5-10 adulten Katzenflöhen ( Ctenocephalides felis) besetzt, mit einem gelochten Kunststoffdeckel verschlossen und hegend bei Raumtemperatur und Umgebungsfeuchte inkubiert. Nach 48 h wird die Wirksamkeit bestimmt. Hierzu werden die Gläschen aufrecht gestellt und die Flöhe auf den Boden des Gläschens geklopft. Flöhe, die unbeweglich auf dem Boden verbleiben oder sich unkoordiniert bewegen, gelten als tot bzw. angeschlagen. After evaporation of the solvent, the vials are filled with 5-10 adult cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis), sealed with a perforated plastic lid and incubated at room temperature and ambient humidity. After 48 h the efficacy is determined. For this purpose, the jars are placed upright and the fleas are tapped on the bottom of the jar. Fleas that remain immobile on the ground or move uncoordinated, are considered dead or struck.
Eine Substanz zeigt gute Wirkung gegen Ctenocephalides felis, wenn in diesem Test bei einer Aufwandmenge von 5 pg/cm2 mindestens 80 % Wirkung erzielt wurde. Dabei bedeutet 100 % Wirkung, dass alle Flöhe angeschlagen oder tot waren. 0 % Wirkung bedeutet, dass keine Flöhe geschädigt wurden. A substance shows good activity against Ctenocephalides felis, if in this test at a rate of 5 pg / cm 2 at least 80% effect was achieved. It means 100% effect that all fleas were struck or dead. 0% effect means that no fleas were harmed.
Bei diesem Test zeigte z.B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele eine Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 5 pg/cm2 (= 500 g/ha): 3 In this test, for example, the following compound of the preparation examples showed an effect of 100% at an application rate of 5 pg / cm 2 (= 500 g / ha): 3
Ctenocephalides felis - Oraltest Lösungsmitel: Dimethylsulfoxid Ctenocephalides felis - Oraltest Solution: Dimethylsulfoxide
Zwecks Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung vermischt man 10 mg Wirkstoff mit 0,5 ml Dimethylsulfoxid. Durch Verdünnen mit citriertem Rinderblut erhält man die gewünschte Konzentration. For the preparation of a suitable preparation of active compound, 10 mg of active compound are mixed with 0.5 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide. Dilution with citrated bovine blood gives the desired concentration.
Ca. 20 nüchterne adulte Katzenflöhe ( Ctenocephalides felis ) werden in eine Kammer eingesetzt, die oben und unten mit Gaze verschlossen ist. Auf die Kammer wird ein Metallzylinder gestellt, dessen Unterseite mit Parafilm verschlossen ist. Der Zylinder enthält die Blut-Wirkstoffzubereitung, die von den Flöhen durch die Parafilmmembran aufgenommen werden kann. Approximately 20 sober adult cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) are placed in a chamber sealed with gauze at the top and bottom. A metal cylinder is placed on the chamber, the underside of which is sealed with parafilm. The cylinder contains the blood-drug preparation that can be absorbed by the fleas through the parafilm membrane.
Nach 2 Tagen wird die Abtötung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Flöhe abgetötet wurden; 0 % bedeutet, dass keiner der Flöhe abgetötet wurde. Bei diesem Test zeigte z.B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele eine Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 ppm: 3 After 2 days the kill is determined in%. 100% means that all fleas have been killed; 0% means that none of the fleas have been killed. In this test, e.g. the following compound of the preparation examples has an effect of 100% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 3
Bei diesem Test zeigte z.B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele eine Wirkung von 95 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 ppm: 4 In this test, e.g. the following compound of the preparation examples has an effect of 95% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 4
Bei diesem Test zeigte z.B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele eine Wirkung von 90 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 ppm: 1 In this test, e.g. the following compound of the preparation examples has an effect of 90% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 1
Bei diesem Test zeigte z.B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele eine Wirkung von 80 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 ppm: 5 In this test, e.g. the following compound of the preparation examples has an effect of 80% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 5
Lucilia cuprina - Test Lucilia cuprina - test
Lösungsmitel: Dimethylsulfoxid Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung vermischt man 10 mg Wirkstoff mit 0,5 ml Dimethylsulfoxid und verdünnt das Konzentrat mit Wasser auf die gewünschte Konzentration. Solution: Dimethylsulfoxide To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 10 mg of active compound are mixed with 0.5 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.
Ca. 20 Ll -Larven der Australischen Schafgoldfliege ( Lucilia cuprina ) werden in ein Testgefäß überführt, welches gehacktes Pferdefleisch und die Wirkstoffzubereitung der gewünschten Konzentration enthält. Approximately Twenty Ll larvae of the Australian Goldfinch fly (Lucilia cuprina) are transferred to a test vessel containing chopped horse meat and the preparation of active compound of the desired concentration.
Nach 2 Tagen wird die Abtötung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Larven abgetötet wurden; 0 % bedeutet, dass keine Larven abgetötet wurden. After 2 days the kill is determined in%. 100% means that all larvae have been killed; 0% means that no larvae have been killed.
Bei diesem Test zeigten z.B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele eine Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 ppm: 2, 3 Bei diesem Test zeigte z.B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele eine Wirkung von 90 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 ppm: 1 In this test, e.g. the following compounds of the Preparation Examples have an effect of 100% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 2, 3 In this test, e.g. the following compound of the preparation examples has an effect of 90% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 1
Diabrotica balteata - Sprühtest Diabrotica balteata - spray test
Lösungsmittel: 78 Gewichtsteile Aceton Solvent: 78 parts by weight of acetone
1,5 Gewichtsteile Dimethylformamid  1.5 parts by weight of dimethylformamide
Emulgator: Alkylarylpolyglykolether Emulsifier: alkylaryl polyglycol ether
Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung löst man 1 Gewichtsteil Wirkstoff mit den angegebenen Gewichtsteilen Lösungsmittel und füllt mit Wasser, welches eine Emulgatorkonzentration von 1000 ppm enthält, bis zum Erreichen der gewünschten Konzentration auf. Zur Herstellung weiterer Testkonzentrationen wird mit emulgatorhaltigem Wasser verdünnt. Vorgequollene Weizenkömer ( Triticum aestivum ) werden in einer mit Agar und etwas Wasser gefüllten Multiwell-Platte für einen Tag inkubiert (5 Saatkörner pro Kavität). Die gekeimten Weizenkömer werden mit einer Wirkstoffzubereitung der gewünschten Konzentration gespritzt. Anschließend wird jede Kavität mit 10-20 Käferlarven von Diabrotica balteata infiziert. To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled with water containing an emulsifier concentration of 1000 ppm until reaching the desired concentration. To prepare further test concentrations, dilute with emulsifier-containing water. Pre-swollen wheat grains (Triticum aestivum) are incubated in a multiwell plate filled with agar and some water for one day (5 seeds per well). The germinated wheat grains are sprayed with an active compound preparation of the desired concentration. Each cavity is then infected with 10-20 beetle larvae of Diabrotica balteata.
Nach 7 Tagen wird die Wirkung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Maispflanzen wie in der unbehandelten, nicht infizierten Kontrolle gewachsen sind; 0 % bedeutet, dass keine Maispflanze gewachsen ist. After 7 days, the effect is determined in%. 100% means that all maize plants have grown as in the untreated uninfected control; 0% means that no corn plant has grown.
Bei diesem Test zeigten z. B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 160 pg/Kavität: 1, 3, 4, 5 Bei diesem Test zeigte z. B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 80 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 160 pg/Kavität: 2 In this test, z. Example, the following compounds of the preparation examples effect of 100% at a rate of 160 pg / cavity: 1, 3, 4, 5 In this test, z. Example, the following compound of the manufacturing examples effect of 80% at an application rate of 160 pg / well: 2
Mvzus versiege - Oraltest Mvzus - Oraltest
Lösungsmittel: 100 Gewichtsteile Aceton Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung löst man 1 Gewichtsteil Wirkstoff mit den angegebenen Gewichtsteilen Lösungsmittel und füllt mit Wasser bis zum Erreichen der gewünschten Konzentration auf. Solvent: 100 parts by weight of acetone To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled up with water until the desired concentration is reached.
50 mΐ der Wirkstoffzubereitung werden in Mikrotiterplatten überführt und mit 150 mΐ lPL4llnsektenmedium (33 % + 15 % Zucker) auf eine Endvolumen von 200 mΐ aufgefüllt. Anschließend werden die Platten mit Parafilm verschlossen, durch den eine gemischte Population der Grünen Pfirsichblattlaus (Myzus persicae), die sich in einer zweiten Mikrotiterplatte befindet, hindurchstechen und die Lösung aufnehmen kann. 50 ml of the active compound preparation are transferred into microtiter plates and made up to a final volume of 200 ml with 150 ml of lPL4llnsekten medium (33% + 15% sugar). Subsequently, the plates are sealed with parafilm, through which a mixed population of green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), which is located in a second microtiter plate, can pierce and take up the solution.
Nach 5 Tagen wird die Wirkung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Blattläuse abgetötet wurden; 0 % bedeutet, dass keine Blatläuse abgetötet wurden. Bei diesem Test zeigten z. B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 0,8 ppm: 1, 3, 4, 5 After 5 days, the effect is determined in%. 100% means that all aphids have been killed; 0% means that no lice have been killed. In this test, z. Example, the following compounds of the preparation examples effect of 100% at an application rate of 0.8 ppm: 1, 3, 4, 5
Mvzus versiege - Sprühtest Mvzus - spray test
Lösungsmitel: 78 Gewichtsteile Aceton Solution: 78 parts by weight of acetone
1,5 Gewichtsteile Dimethylformamid  1.5 parts by weight of dimethylformamide
Emulgator: Alkylarylpolyglykolether Emulsifier: alkylaryl polyglycol ether
Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung löst man 1 Gewichtsteil Wirkstoff mit den angegebenen Gewichtsteilen Lösungsmittel und füllt mit Wasser, welches eine Emulgatorkonzentration von 1000 ppm enthält, bis zum Erreichen der gewünschten Konzentration auf. Zur Herstellung weiterer Testkonzentrationen wird mit emulgatorhaltigem Wasser verdünnt. Chinakohlblattscheiben ( Brassica pekinensis), die von allen Stadien der Grünen Pfirsichblattlaus ( Myzus persicae) befallen sind, werden mit einer Wirkstoffzubereitung der gewünschten Konzentration gespritzt. To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled with water containing an emulsifier concentration of 1000 ppm until reaching the desired concentration. To prepare further test concentrations, dilute with emulsifier-containing water. Chinese cabbage leaf discs (Brassica pekinensis) infested with all stages of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) are sprayed with an active compound preparation of the desired concentration.
Nach 5 Tagen wird die Wirkung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Blattläuse abgetötet wurden; 0 % bedeutet, dass keine Blatläuse abgetötet wurden. Bei diesem Test zeigten z. B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 g/ha: 1, 4, 5 After 5 days, the effect is determined in%. 100% means that all aphids have been killed; 0% means that no lice have been killed. In this test, z. Example, the following compounds of the preparation examples effect of 100% at a rate of 100 g / ha: 1, 4, 5
Bei diesem Test zeigten z. B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 90 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 g/ha: 2, 3 In this test, z. Example, the following compounds of the preparation examples effect of 90% at a rate of 100 g / ha: 2, 3
Phaedon cochleariae - Sprühtest Phaedon cochleariae - spray test
Lösungsmittel: 78,0 Gewichtsteile Aceton Solvent: 78.0 parts by weight of acetone
1,5 Gewichtsteile Dimethylformamid  1.5 parts by weight of dimethylformamide
Emulgator: Alkylarylpolyglykolether  Emulsifier: alkylaryl polyglycol ether
Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung löst man 1 Gewichtsteil Wirkstoff mit den angegebenen Gewichtsteilen Lösungsmittel und füllt mit Wasser, welches eine Emulgatorkonzentration von 1000 ppm enthält, bis zum Erreichen der gewünschten Konzentration auf. Zur Herstellung weiterer Testkonzentrationen wird mit emulgatorhaltigem Wasser verdünnt. To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved with the stated parts by weight of solvent and filled with water containing an emulsifier concentration of 1000 ppm until reaching the desired concentration. To prepare further test concentrations, dilute with emulsifier-containing water.
Chinakohlblattscheiben (Brassica pekinensis ) werden mit einer Wirkstoffzubereitung der gewünschten Konzentration gespritzt und nach dem Abtrocknen mit Larven des Meerrettichblattkäfers ( Phaedon cochleariae) besetzt. Chinese cabbage leaf discs (Brassica pekinensis) are sprayed with a preparation of active compound of the desired concentration and, after drying, are populated with larvae of the horseradish leaf beetle (Phaedon cochleariae).
Nach 7 Tagen wird die Wirkung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Käferlarven abgetötet wurden; 0 % bedeutet, dass keine Käferlarven abgetötet wurden. After 7 days, the effect is determined in%. 100% means that all beetle larvae have been killed; 0% means that no beetle larvae have been killed.
Bei diesem Test zeigten z. B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 100 g/ha: 2, 3 In this test, z. Example, the following compounds of the preparation examples effect of 100% at a rate of 100 g / ha: 2, 3
Diabrotica balteata -Test, Saatgutapplikation Diabrotica balteata test, seed application
Leerformulierung: 2,0 % Brilliantponceau 4 RC 70 Empty formulation: 2.0% Brilliant Ponceau 4 RC 70
2,0 % Helioechtrubin 4B 10  2.0% Helioechtrubin 4B 10
5,0 % Baykanol SL  5.0% Baykanol SL
4,0 % Utrasil VN3 Pulver  4.0% Utrasil VN3 powder
1,5 % Emulgator 1000 TR U gemahlen  1.5% emulsifier 1000 TR U ground
0,8 % Baysilone-Entschäumer E VM 30  0.8% Baysilone defoamer E VM 30
84,7 % Kaolin W  84.7% kaolin W
Lösungsmittel: Aceton nach Bedarf  Solvent: acetone as needed
Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung vermischt man 1 Gewichtsteil Wirkstoff mit 4 Gewichtsteilen Leerformulierung und der je nach Aggregatzustand des Wirkstoffes nötigen Menge Lösungsmittel. Die so herstellte Wirkstoffzubereitung wird anschließend getrocknet. Je nach gewünschter Aufwandmenge wird entsprechend der vorbereiteten, abgewogenen Saatgutmenge die errechnete Menge der Formulierung eingewogen. Unter Zugabe von Wasser wird das Maissaatgut gebeizt und zurückgetrocknet. To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with 4 parts by weight of empty formulation and the amount required depending on the state of aggregation of the active substance Solvent. The preparation of active compound thus prepared is then dried. Depending on the desired application rate, the calculated amount of formulation is weighed according to the prepared, weighed seed quantity. Adding water, the corn seed is pickled and dried back.
Die Maisaussaat erfolgt in sandigem Lehm (5 Körner/Topf, mind. 2 Töpfe/Variante). Nach 3-4 Tagen werden je Topf ca. 40 Larven des Maiswurzelbohrers ( Diabrotica balteata ) aufgesetzt. Außer einer unbehandelten Kontrolle mit Testtieren läuft auch eine Kontrolle ohne Testtiere mit, um die Keimfähigkeit des Maissaatgutes zu ermitteln. The corn is sown in sandy loam (5 grains / pot, at least 2 pots / variant). After 3-4 days, about 40 larvae of the corn rootworm (Diabrotica balteata) are placed per pot. In addition to an untreated control with test animals, a control without test animals is included in order to determine the germination capacity of the maize seed.
7 Tage nach Infektion wird die Wirkung in % bestimmt. 100 % bedeutet, dass der Auflauf dem der Kontrollpflanze ohne Larven entspricht, und 0 % bedeutet, dass der Auflauf dem der Kontrollpflanze mit Larven entspricht. 7 days after infection, the effect is determined in%. 100% means that the casserole corresponds to that of the control plant without larvae, and 0% means that the casserole corresponds to that of the control plant with larvae.
Bei diesem Test zeigten z. B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 1 g/kg Saatgut: 1, 2, 3, 4. In this test, z. Example, the following compounds of the preparation examples effect of 100% at an application rate of 1 g / kg seed: 1, 2, 3, 4.
Nilaparvata lugens -Test, Saatgutapplikation Nilaparvata lugens test, seed application
Leerformulierung: 2,0 % Brilliantponceau 4 RC 70 Empty formulation: 2.0% Brilliant Ponceau 4 RC 70
2,0 % Helioechtrubin 4B 10  2.0% Helioechtrubin 4B 10
5,0 % Baykanol SL  5.0% Baykanol SL
4,0 % Utrasil VN3 Pulver  4.0% Utrasil VN3 powder
1,5 % Emulgator 1000 TR U gemahlen  1.5% emulsifier 1000 TR U ground
0,8 % Baysilone-Entschäumer E VM 30  0.8% Baysilone defoamer E VM 30
84,7 % Kaolin W  84.7% kaolin W
Lösungsmittel: Aceton nach Bedarf Solvent: acetone as needed
Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung vermischt man 1 Gewichtsteil Wirkstoff mit 4 Gewichtsanteilen Leerformulierung und der je nach Aggregatzustand des Wirkstoffes nötigen Menge Lösungsmittel. Die so hergestellte Wirkstoffzubereitung wird getrocknet. Je nach gewünschter Aufwandmenge wird entsprechend der vorbereiteten, abgewogenen Saatgutmenge die errechnete Menge der Wirstoffzubereitung eingewogen. To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is mixed with 4 parts by weight of empty formulation and the amount of solvent required depending on the physical state of the active substance. The preparation of active compound thus prepared is dried. Depending on the desired application rate, the calculated amount of the active substance preparation is weighed in according to the prepared, weighed seed quantity.
Unter Wasserzugabe wird Reissaatgut ( Oryza sativa ) mit der Wirkstoffzubereitung gebeizt und in sandigem Lehm ausgesät (10 Kömer/Topf, mind. 2 Töpfe/Variante). Nach 2 Wochen werden die Reispflanzen mit einer gemischten Population der braunrückigen Reiszikade (Nilaparvata lugens ) infiziert. Nach 7 Tagen wird die Abtötung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Zikaden abgetötet wurden; 0 % bedeutet, dass keine Zikaden abgetötet wurden. With the addition of water rice seed (Oryza sativa) is stained with the preparation of active compound and seeded in sandy loam (10 grains / pot, at least 2 pots / variant). After 2 weeks, the rice plants are infected with a mixed population of brown-backed rice leafhopper (Nilaparvata lugens). After 7 days the kill is determined in%. 100% means that all cicadas have been killed; 0% means that no cicadas have been killed.
Bei diesem Test zeigte z. B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 4 g/kg Saatgut: 2. In this test, z. Example, the following compound of the preparation examples effect of 100% at an application rate of 4 g / kg of seed: 2.
Rhopalosiphum padi -Test, Saatgutapplikation Rhopalosiphum padi test, seed application
Leerformulierung: 2,0 % Brilliantponceau 4 RC 70 Empty formulation: 2.0% Brilliant Ponceau 4 RC 70
2,0 % Helioechtrubin 4B 10  2.0% Helioechtrubin 4B 10
5,0 % Baykanol SL  5.0% Baykanol SL
4,0 % Utrasil VN3 Pulver  4.0% Utrasil VN3 powder
1,5 % Emulgator 1000 TR U gemahlen  1.5% emulsifier 1000 TR U ground
0,8 % Baysilone-Entschäumer E VM 30  0.8% Baysilone defoamer E VM 30
84,7 % Kaolin W  84.7% kaolin W
Lösungsmittel: Aceton nach Bedarf  Solvent: acetone as needed
Zur Herstellung einer zweckmäßigen Wirkstoffzubereitung wird 1 Gewichtsanteil Wirkstoff in einer an den Aggregatzustand des Wirkstoffes angepassten Menge Lösungsmittel gelöst. Es werden 4 Gewichtsanteile Leerformulierung hinzugegeben, mit der Wirkstofflösung vermischt und die entstandene Wirkstoffzubereitung wird getrocknet. Je nach gewünschter Aufwandmenge wird entsprechend der vorbereiteten, abgewogenen Saatgutmenge die errechnete Menge der Wirstoffzubereitung eingewogen. To prepare a suitable preparation of active compound, 1 part by weight of active compound is dissolved in an amount of solvent adapted to the physical state of the active substance. 4 parts by weight of blank formulation are added, mixed with the active substance solution and the resulting active ingredient preparation is dried. Depending on the desired application rate, the calculated amount of the active substance preparation is weighed in according to the prepared, weighed seed quantity.
Unter Wasserzugabe wird Wintergerstensaatgut ( Hordeum vulgare ) mit der Wirkstoffzubereitung gebeizt und in sandigem Lehm ausgesät (10 Kömer/Topf, mind. 2 Töpfe/Variante). Nach 1 Woche werden die Gerstenpflanzen (1.-2. Blattstadium) mit einer gemischten Population der Haferblattlaus ( Rhopalosiphum padi) infiziert.  When water is added, winter barley seed (Hordeum vulgare) is pickled with the preparation of active compound and sown in sandy loam (10 grains / pot, at least 2 pots / variant). After 1 week, the barley plants (1st-2nd leaf stage) are infected with a mixed population of oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi).
Nach 7 Tagen wird die Abtötung in % bestimmt. Dabei bedeutet 100 %, dass alle Blattläuse abgetötet wurden; 0 % bedeutet, dass keine Blattläuse abgetötet wurden.  After 7 days the kill is determined in%. 100% means that all aphids have been killed; 0% means that no aphids have been killed.
Bei diesem Test zeigten z. B. die folgenden Verbindungen der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 100 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 0,5 g/kg Saatgut: 2, 3, 4.  In this test, z. Example, the following compounds of the preparation examples effect of 100% at a rate of 0.5 g / kg seed: 2, 3, 4.
Bei diesem Test zeigte z. B. die folgende Verbindung der Herstellungsbeispiele Wirkung von 98 % bei einer Aufwandmenge von 0,5 g/kg Saatgut: 1. In this test, z. Example, the following compound of the preparation examples effect of 98% at a rate of 0.5 g / kg seed: 1.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. V erbindungen der F ormel (I) 1. Consolidations of the Forums (I)
Figure imgf000080_0001
worin R für einen Rest aus der Reihe Wasserstoff, Cyano, Fluormethyl, Difluormethyl,
Figure imgf000080_0001
in which R is a radical from the series consisting of hydrogen, cyano, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl,
Fluorchlormethyl, Fluorbrommethyl, Difluorchlormethyl, Difluorbrommethyl,Fluorochloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluorochloromethyl, difluorobromoethyl,
Difluoriodmethyl, 1 -Fluorethyl, 1 , 1 -Difluorethyl, 2,2-Difluorethyl, 2,2,2-Trifluorethyl, l-Fluor-Difluoroiodomethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1, 1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1-fluoro
2,2,2-trifluorethyl, durch Cyano substituiertes Halogenalkyl, Ci-C i-Halogenalkoxy, C1-C4- Halogenalkylthio, Ci-C4-Halogenalkylsulfinyl, Ci-C4-Halogenalkylsulfonyl, gegebenenfalls durch Halogen substituiertes Ci-C4-Alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, gegebenenfalls durch Halogen substituiertes Ci-C4-Alkylthio-Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-Alkylsulfinyl-Ci-C4-alkyl, C1-C4- Alkylsulfonyl-Ci-C4-alkyl und durch Halogen, Cyano, Alkyl oder Halogenalkyl substituiertes Cycloalkyl steht. 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, cyano- substituted haloalkyl, Ci-C i-haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 4 - haloalkylthio, Ci-C4-haloalkylsulfinyl, Ci-C4-haloalkylsulfonyl, optionally halogen-substituted Ci-C 4 - alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl optionally substituted by halogen, Ci-C4-alkylthio-Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkylsulfinyl-Ci-C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 - alkylsulfonyl-Ci C 4 alkyl and substituted by halogen, cyano, alkyl or haloalkyl cycloalkyl.
2. Verbindungen der Formel (I) gemäß Anspruch 1, in welchen R für einen Rest aus der Reihe Wasserstoff, Cyano, Fluormethyl, Difluormethyl,2. Compounds of the formula (I) according to Claim 1, in which R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl,
Fluorchlormethyl, Fluorbrommethyl, Difluorchlormethyl, Difluorbrommethyl,Fluorochloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluorochloromethyl, difluorobromoethyl,
Difluoriodmethyl, 1 -Fluorethyl, 1 , 1 -Difluorethyl, 2,2-Difluorethyl, 2,2,2-Trifluorethyl, 1-Fluor-Difluoroiodomethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1, 1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1-fluoro
2.2.2-trifluorethyl, Cyano-fluormethyl, Cyano- difluormethyl, Difluormethoxy, Trifluormethoxy,2.2.2-trifluoroethyl, cyano-fluoromethyl, cyano-difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy,
2.2-Difluorethoxy, 2,2,2-Trifluorethoxy, Difluormethylthio, Trifluormethylthio, Difluormethylsulfmyl, Trifluormethylsulfinyl, Difluormethylsulfonyl, Trifluormethylsulfonyl,2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, difluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylthio, difluoromethylsulfmyl, trifluoromethylsulfinyl, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl,
H3C-O-F2C, H3C-S-F2C, H3C-S(0)-F2C, H3C-O2S-F2C, H3C-S-H2C, H3C-S(0)-H2C, H3C-O2S- H2C, 1-Fluorcyclopropyl, 1 -Cyanocyclopropyl und 1 -Trifluormethylcyclopropyl steht. H 3 COF 2 C, H 3 CSF 2 C, H 3 CS (0) -F 2 C, H 3 CO 2 SF 2 C, H 3 CSH 2 C, H 3 CS (0) -H 2 C, H 3 CO 2 S-H 2 C, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl and 1-trifluoromethylcyclopropyl.
3. Verbindung der Formel (I) gemäß Anspruch 1, in welcher R ausgewählt ist aus der folgenden ListeA compound of the formula (I) according to claim 1, wherein R is selected from the following list
Figure imgf000081_0001
Figure imgf000082_0001
Figure imgf000081_0001
Figure imgf000082_0001
4. Mittel, gekennzeichnet durch einen Gehalt von mindestens einer Verbindung der Formel (I) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 und üblichen Streckmitteln und/oder oberflächenaktiven Substanzen. 4. agent, characterized by a content of at least one compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and conventional extenders and / or surface-active substances.
5. Verwendung einer Verbindung der Formel (I) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 oder einem5. Use of a compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or a
Mittel gemäß Anspruch 4 zur Bekämpfung von Schädlingen. Composition according to claim 4 for controlling pests.
6. Verwendung einer Verbindung der Formel (I) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 oder einem Mittel gemäß Anspruch 4 zur Behandlung von Saatgut. 6. Use of a compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or an agent according to claim 4 for the treatment of seed.
7. Saatgut, behandelt mit einer Verbindung der Formel (I) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 oder einem Mittel gemäß Anspruch 4. 7. Seed treated with a compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or an agent according to claim 4.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3771714A1 (en) 2019-07-30 2021-02-03 Bayer AG Nitrogen-containing heterocycles as pesticides
EP3771712A1 (en) 2019-07-30 2021-02-03 Bayer AG Method for making heterocycles containing nitrogen

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