WO2019090881A1 - 基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法及*** - Google Patents

基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法及*** Download PDF

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WO2019090881A1
WO2019090881A1 PCT/CN2017/115386 CN2017115386W WO2019090881A1 WO 2019090881 A1 WO2019090881 A1 WO 2019090881A1 CN 2017115386 W CN2017115386 W CN 2017115386W WO 2019090881 A1 WO2019090881 A1 WO 2019090881A1
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pipeline
gas
liquid
sound
tested
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PCT/CN2017/115386
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French (fr)
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李玉星
刘翠伟
孟令雅
胡其会
韩辉
方丽萍
王武昌
敬华飞
王雅真
梁杰
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中国石油大学(华东)
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Priority to US16/475,192 priority Critical patent/US11162643B2/en
Publication of WO2019090881A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019090881A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
    • F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
    • F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/24—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations
    • G01M3/243—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations for pipes

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic wave leakage monitoring of gas-liquid mixed pipelines, and particularly relates to a gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline leakage positioning method and system based on single-point dual sensors.
  • the acoustic wave method has many advantages, which is the hotspot of current research.
  • the traditional acoustic wave method needs to install the sensor at both ends of the pipeline, and then realize the leakage by solving the time difference between the sound velocity and the sound wave reaching the two ends of the pipeline. Accurate positioning.
  • Most of the research at home and abroad is based on the sound velocity and the positioning method of the time difference between the two sensors. If the sensor is installed at one end, the time difference cannot be calculated, or the time difference is very small, and the positioning cannot be completed. Therefore, there is less research on single point installation of sensors.
  • the patents of the oil and gas pipeline leakage positioning method involving the acoustic wave method at home and abroad mainly include:
  • the prior art discloses a fluid pipeline leak detection and positioning method, which is provided with at least two sensing devices on the pipeline to be tested, and the two sensing devices are separated by a certain distance, and the two sensing devices can simultaneously The acoustic vibration of the pipe in both directions is sensed, and the leakage is located by solving the time difference between the four signals in the two directions of the two sensing devices.
  • the prior art discloses a method for leaking and positioning of oil and gas pipelines based on acoustic amplitude.
  • the method uses wavelet analysis to obtain low-frequency sound wave amplitude for leak detection and localization, and establishes the propagation of leaked sound waves in oil and gas pipeline media.
  • the model proposes a leak location method that does not consider the speed of sound and time difference.
  • the realization of the leak location of the oil and gas pipeline disclosed by the above technology is more dependent on the monitoring of the gas-liquid single-phase pipeline at the two ends of the pipeline, and the specific performance is as follows: the sensor is installed at both ends of the gas-liquid single-phase pipeline, and the sound wave signal is leaked. Go to both ends of the pipeline and collect and process them for positioning;
  • a leak location method based on single-point and dual-sensor which further locates the leakage of gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline, reduces investment, and increases the feasibility of on-site application of acoustic wave method.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline leakage positioning method based on a single-point dual sensor, which aims to solve the problem that the current sensor must be installed at both ends of the pipeline and the current acoustic wave method is more used for the single-phase pipeline. Increase the feasibility and applicability of the acoustic wave method.
  • a gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline leakage positioning method based on single-point dual sensor includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 separately collecting liquid-borne sound waves and gas-borne sound waves at the same point at one end of the pipeline to be tested;
  • Step 2 Calculate the transmission time difference of the above two kinds of sound waves
  • Step 3 According to the collected sound velocity of the sound wave propagating inside the pipeline to be tested, the sound velocity in the gas medium, the sound velocity of the liquid propagating liquid in the pipeline to be tested, the sound velocity in the liquid medium, and the transmission time difference between the two sound waves, respectively Measure the leak location of the pipe for positioning.
  • the method for positioning the leak position of the pipeline to be tested is specifically:
  • c 1 is the speed of sound of sound waves propagating in a gaseous medium
  • c 2 is the speed of sound of sound waves propagating in a liquid medium
  • the invention discloses a gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline leakage positioning system based on single-point dual sensor, comprising:
  • a sensor installed at the same point at one end of the pipeline to be tested for collecting sound waves propagating in the liquid inside the pipeline to be tested and sound waves propagating the gas;
  • the sound velocity of the sound wave propagating in the gas medium according to the collected gas inside the pipeline to be tested, the sound velocity of the sound wave propagating the liquid inside the pipeline to be tested, the sound velocity in the liquid medium, and the transmission time difference between the two sound waves, the pipeline to be tested A device for positioning the leak location.
  • the senor for collecting sound waves propagating inside the pipeline to be tested is installed at the bottom, and a sensor for collecting sound waves propagating gas inside the pipeline to be tested is installed at the top.
  • the device for positioning the leak position of the pipeline to be tested is according to the formula: Positioning the leak location of the pipe to be tested;
  • c 1 is the speed of sound of sound waves propagating in a gaseous medium
  • c 2 is the speed of sound of sound waves propagating in a liquid medium
  • the single-point dual-sensor based gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline leakage positioning method can locate the leakage of the gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline by the established leak detection formula of the single-point dual-sensor pipeline to be tested, and improve the leakage of the gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline
  • the feasibility and applicability of the acoustic wave method is simple and convenient to operate, and better solves the problem that the sensor must be arranged at both ends at present and the sonic method is more used for the gas-liquid single-phase pipeline.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for leaking and positioning a gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline based on a single-point dual sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for leaking and positioning a gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline based on a single-point dual sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single-point dual sensor based gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline leakage positioning method of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
  • S101 Establish a leakage positioning formula based on a single point and two sensors for the pipeline to be tested.
  • S104 The sound velocity in the gas medium, the sound velocity in the liquid medium and the time difference are substituted into the leakage positioning formula based on the single point dual sensor, and the leakage can be positioned.
  • the single-point dual sensor based gas-liquid stratified flow pipeline leakage positioning system disclosed by the invention comprises:
  • a sensor installed at the same point at one end of the pipeline to be tested for collecting sound waves propagating in the liquid inside the pipeline to be tested and sound waves propagating the gas;
  • the sound velocity of the sound wave propagating in the gas medium according to the collected gas inside the pipeline to be tested, the sound velocity of the sound wave propagating the liquid inside the pipeline to be tested, the sound velocity in the liquid medium, and the transmission time difference between the two sound waves, the pipeline to be tested A device for positioning the leak location.
  • the specific implementation process of the present invention is: a leak point occurs at a certain point of the pipeline, two sensors are installed at the same point of the pipeline, one is installed at the top of the pipeline, and one is installed at the bottom of the pipeline, and the signal collected by the bottom sensor is The sound wave transmitted by the liquid in the tube, the signal collected by the top sensor is the sound wave propagating in the gas in the tube, the sound velocity of the sound wave propagating in the gas medium is c 1 , the sound velocity of the sound wave propagating in the tube wall is c 2 , and the time difference between the two sound waves
  • the formula can be based on the leak: The position of the leak point can be solved.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法，包括：建立待测管道基于单点双传感器的泄漏定位公式（S101）；在待测管道一端同一点安装两个传感器（S102），底部传感器采集的信号为管内液体传播的声波，顶部传感器采集的信号为管内气体传播的声波；将两个声波进行处理得到时间差（S103）；将气体介质中的声速、液体介质中的声速与时间差代入基于单点双传感器的泄漏定位公式（S104），即可对泄漏进行定位（S105）。通过基于单点双传感器的泄漏定位方法，避免了传感器在管道两端安装，避免了单传感器对泄漏声波信号的漏检，减少了传感器安装数量，成本低，安全性高，对气液分层流管道适用性强。还提供一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位***。

Description

基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法及*** 技术领域
本发明属于气液混输管道声波法泄漏监测技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法及***。
背景技术
目前用于油气管道泄漏定位的方法有很多，其中声波法具有诸多优势，是目前研究的热点，传统声波法需要将传感器安装在管道两端，然后通过求解声速和声波到达管道两端的时间差实现泄漏的准确定位。国内外研究大都是基于声速以及两个传感器时间差的定位方法进行的,如果将传感器安装在一端，就没法计算时间差，或者时间差非常小，不能完成定位。因此，针对传感器单点安装研究较少。
根据调研，现阶段国内外涉及声波法的油气管道泄漏定位方法的专利主要有：
现有技术公开了一种流体管道泄漏检测定位方法，该方法在被测管道上至少设置有两个传感装置，两个传感装置之间间隔一定距离，且两个传感装置能够同时对两个方向上的管道声振动进行感应，进而通过求解两个传感装置两个方向上共四个信号之间的时间差对泄漏进行定位。
现有技术公开了一种基于声波幅值的油气管道泄漏定位方法，该方法采用经过小波分析处理后得到低频段声波幅值来进行泄漏检测和定位，建立了泄漏声波在油气管道介质内的传播模型，提出了一种不考虑声速及时间差的泄漏定位方法。
上述技术公开的对油气管道泄漏定位的实现更多的是依靠传感器在管道两端布置针对气液单相管线进行监测，具体表现为：传感器安装在气液单相管道两端，泄漏声波信号传播到管道两端并被采集处理进而进行定位；
上述方法均是在待测管道两端同时安装传感器，也没有考虑到对于气液分层流管道泄漏位置的定位，目前针对气液混输管道还没有见到相关专利，因为管道内部同时存在气液两相时，声速是不确定的，没法进行定位。
另外，在待测管道两端同时安装传感器，增加了采样点设置密度，增大了安装成本，这都降低了声波法推广的可行性和适用性。
为解决以上问题，提出了基于单点双传感器的泄漏定位方法，进而对气液分层流管道泄漏进行定位，降低投资，增加声波法现场应用的可行性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法，旨在解决现阶段传感器必须安装在管道两端且目前声波法更多用于单相管道的问题，增加声波法的可行性和适用性。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：分别采集待测管道一端同一点的液体传播的声波和气体传播的声波；
步骤二：求取上述两种声波的传输时间差；
步骤三：分别根据采集到的待测管道内部气体传播的声波在所述气体介质中的声速、待测管道内部液体传播的声波在所述液体介质中的声速以及两种声波的传输时间差，对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位。
进一步地，所述步骤三中，对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位的方法具体为：
Figure PCTCN2017115386-appb-000001
其中，c 1为声波在气体介质中传播的声速，c 2为声波在液体介质中传播的声速。
本发明公开了一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位***，包括：
安装在待测管道一端同一点的分别用于采集待测管道内部液体传播的声波和气体传播的声波的传感器；
用于求取采集到的两种声波的传输时间差的装置；
用于根据采集到的待测管道内部气体传播的声波在所述气体介质中的声速、待测管道内部液体传播的声波在所述液体介质中的声速以及两种声波的传输时间差，对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位的装置。
进一步地，所述的用于采集待测管道内部液体传播的声波的传感器安装在底部，用于采集待测管道内部气体传播的声波的传感器安装在顶部。
进一步地，所述的对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位的装置，根据公式：
Figure PCTCN2017115386-appb-000002
对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位；
其中，c 1为声波在气体介质中传播的声速，c 2为声波在液体介质中传播的声速。
本发明有益效果
本发明提供的基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法，通过建立的待测管段基于单点双传感器的泄漏定位公式，能够对气液分层流管道的泄漏进行定位，提高了声波法的可行性和适用性。本发明方法简单，操作方便，较好的解决了现阶段传感器必须两端布置以及声波法更多用于气液单相管道的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法的步骤图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法原理流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明的应用原理作进一步描述。
如图1所示，本发明实施例的基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法包括以下步骤：
S101：建立待测管道基于单点双传感器的泄漏定位公式。
S102：在待测管道一端同一点安装两个传感器。
S103：将两个声波进行处理得到时间差。
S104：将气体介质中的声速、液体介质中的声速与时间差代入基于单点双传感器的泄漏定位公式，即可对泄漏进行定位。
本发明公开的基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位***包括：
安装在待测管道一端同一点的分别用于采集待测管道内部液体传播的声波和气体传播的声波的传感器；
用于求取采集到的两种声波的传输时间差的装置；
用于根据采集到的待测管道内部气体传播的声波在所述气体介质中的声速、待测管道内部液体传播的声波在所述液体介质中的声速以及两种声波的传输时间差，对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位的装置。
如图2所示，本发明的具体实施流程为：泄漏点发生在管道某点处，两个传感器安装在 管道同一点，一个安装于管道顶部，一个安装于管道底部，底部传感器采集的信号为管内液体传播的声波，顶部传感器采集的信号为管内气体传播的声波，声波在气体介质中传播的声速为c 1，声波在管壁中传播的声速为c 2，且两个声波之间的时间差为Δt，则可根据泄漏定位公式：
Figure PCTCN2017115386-appb-000003
可求解得到泄漏点位置。
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤一：分别采集待测管道一端同一点的液体传播的声波和气体传播的声波；
    步骤二：求取上述两种声波的传输时间差；
    步骤三：分别根据采集到的待测管道内部气体传播的声波在所述气体介质中的声速、待测管道内部液体传播的声波在所述液体介质中的声速以及两种声波的传输时间差，对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法，其特征在于，所述步骤三中，对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位的方法具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2017115386-appb-100001
    其中，c 1为声波在气体介质中传播的声速，c 2为声波在液体介质中传播的声速。
  3. 一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位***，其特征在于，包括：
    安装在待测管道一端同一点的分别用于采集待测管道内部液体传播的声波和气体传播的声波的传感器；
    用于求取采集到的两种声波的传输时间差的装置；
    用于根据采集到的待测管道内部气体传播的声波在所述气体介质中的声速、待测管道内部液体传播的声波在所述液体介质中的声速以及两种声波的传输时间差，对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位的装置。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位***，其特征在于，包括：所述的用于采集待测管道内部液体传播的声波的传感器安装在底部，用于采集待测管道内部气体传播的声波的传感器安装在顶部。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的一种基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位***，其特征在于，所述的对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位的装置，根据公式：
    Figure PCTCN2017115386-appb-100002
    对待测管道泄漏位置进行定位；
    其中，c 1为声波在气体介质中传播的声速，c 2为声波在液体介质中传播的声速。
PCT/CN2017/115386 2017-11-13 2017-12-11 基于单点双传感器的气液分层流管道泄漏定位方法及*** WO2019090881A1 (zh)

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