WO2019087844A1 - Cutting insert, cutting tool, and method of manufacturing cut workpiece - Google Patents

Cutting insert, cutting tool, and method of manufacturing cut workpiece Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019087844A1
WO2019087844A1 PCT/JP2018/039171 JP2018039171W WO2019087844A1 WO 2019087844 A1 WO2019087844 A1 WO 2019087844A1 JP 2018039171 W JP2018039171 W JP 2018039171W WO 2019087844 A1 WO2019087844 A1 WO 2019087844A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plane
cutting
arithmetic mean
region
insert
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2018/039171
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
義仁 池田
Original Assignee
京セラ株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 京セラ株式会社 filed Critical 京セラ株式会社
Priority to JP2019551115A priority Critical patent/JP7032424B2/en
Publication of WO2019087844A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019087844A1/en
Priority to JP2022027107A priority patent/JP7304989B2/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/22—Cutting tools with chip-breaking equipment

Definitions

  • This aspect generally relates to a cutting insert used in cutting. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cutting tool made of a material having relatively high hardness, such as PCD and cBN.
  • Patent Document 1 As a cutting tool used when cutting a work material such as metal, for example, a cutting insert (throwaway tip) described in JP-A-8-155702 (Patent Document 1) is known.
  • the upper surface has a land surface (chamfered portion) located along the cutting edge and a chip breaker located inside the land surface.
  • Land surfaces tend to be set widely.
  • the land surface can be formed, for example, by brush honing, manual operation or blasting.
  • the surface of the land surface may be rough and the arithmetic average height Sa may be increased. Therefore, the cutting resistance on the land surface may be high, and chipping of the cutting edge may occur. Also, although it is possible to reduce the arithmetic mean height Sa of the land surface only by blasting, in this case, the arithmetic mean height Sa of the chip breaker also becomes smaller. Therefore, there is a possibility that breaking of chips in the chip breaker is insufficient.
  • the cutting insert has a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a cutting edge.
  • the second surface is opposite to the first surface.
  • the third surface is located between the first surface and the second surface.
  • the cutting blade is located at least a part of the intersection of the first and third surfaces.
  • the first surface has a first area and a second area.
  • the first region is located along the intersection and includes a flat first plane at least in part.
  • the second region is located on the inner side of the first surface than the first region and is inclined with respect to the first region, and includes a flat second plane at least in part.
  • arithmetic mean height Sa2 in a 2nd plane is larger than arithmetic mean height Sa1 in a 1st plane.
  • FIG. 1 It is a perspective view showing a cutting insert of an embodiment. It is the front view which looked at the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1 from the side of the 1st surface. It is the side view which looked at the cutting insert shown in FIG. 2 from the A1 direction. It is the side view which looked at the cutting insert shown in FIG. 2 from the A2 direction. It is an enlarged view in area
  • inserts 1 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as inserts 1) according to a plurality of embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
  • the drawings referred to in the following simply show only the main members necessary for describing each embodiment.
  • the insert 1 may comprise any component not shown in the figures to which it refers.
  • the dimensions of the members in the respective drawings do not faithfully represent the dimensions of the actual constituent members, the dimensional ratio of the respective members, and the like.
  • the insert 1 of the embodiment has a first surface 3 (upper surface in FIG. 1), a second surface 5 (lower surface in FIG. 1), a third surface 7 (side surface in FIG. 1), and a cutting edge And generally in the shape of a polygonal plate.
  • the first surface 3 may be a polygon as shown in FIG.
  • the second surface 5 may be located on the opposite side of the first surface 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the third surface 7 may be located between the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 as shown in FIG.
  • the cutting blade may be located at least a part of the intersection of the first and third surfaces.
  • the first surface 3 is not limited to a specific shape.
  • the first surface 3 may have, for example, a polygonal shape in a front view.
  • the first surface 3 is a rhombus. Therefore, the first surface 3 in the example shown in FIG. 2 has four corners and four sides. At this time, one of the four corners is the first corner 9, and two sides connected to the first corner 9 are the first side 11 and the second side 13. At the outer peripheral edge of the first surface 3, the first corner 9 may be positioned between the first side 11 and the second side 13.
  • the polygonal shape is not limited to being strictly a polygonal shape.
  • the four corners of the first surface 3 may be rounded and slightly convex outward.
  • the four sides are not limited to the strict linear shape. When the first surface 3 is viewed from the front, these sides may have a shape slightly convex toward the outside or a shape slightly concave.
  • the second surface 5 may have a polygonal shape, and may have, for example, a rhombus like the first surface 3.
  • the third surface 7 has four substantially flat planes and four curved surfaces connecting these planes.
  • the shape of the 1st surface 3 and the 2nd surface 5 is not limited to said form.
  • the shapes of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 are square.
  • the shape of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 may be, for example, a triangle or a hexagon.
  • the size of the insert 1 is not particularly limited.
  • the length of one side of the first surface 3 can be set to about 3 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
  • the height from the first surface 3 to the second surface 5 can be set to about 5 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
  • the insert 1 of the embodiment has a cutting edge 15 located at least a part of the intersection (ridge line) L1 of the first surface 3 and the third surface 7.
  • the cutting blade 15 can be used when cutting a work material.
  • the cutting blade 15 may be located at the entire intersection L1, in other words, the entire outer edge portion of the first surface 3, or may be located at only a part of the intersection L1. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the cutting edge 15 is located at the first corner 9, part of the first side 11, and part of the second side 13.
  • the first surface 3 has a first area 17 and a second area 19.
  • the first area 17 is located along the intersection L1. At this time, the first region 17 may be in contact with the intersection L1 or may be separated.
  • the first region 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 is in contact with the intersection L1.
  • the second area 19 is located more inward of the first surface 3 than the first area 17 and is inclined with respect to the first area 17.
  • the first region 17 has a flat first surface 21.
  • the first plane 21 may be located in the entire first region 17 or may be located in only a part of the first region 17.
  • the second area 19 has a flat second surface 23.
  • the second plane 23 may be located in the entire second region 19 or may be located in only a part of the second region 19.
  • the first region 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 is located along the first corner 9, the first side 11 and the second side 13.
  • the first region 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 has a band-like configuration in which the width in the direction orthogonal to the intersection L1 is narrower than the width in the direction along the intersection L1.
  • the first region 17 may be at least partially located along the cutting edge 15.
  • the portion of the first region 17 located along the cutting edge 15 can be used as a so-called land surface.
  • the first region 17 may be in contact with the cutting edge 15 or may be separated.
  • the first area 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 is in contact with the cutting edge 15.
  • Reference numeral O1 shown in FIG. 1 and the like is a central axis passing through the center of the first surface 3 and the center of the second surface 5.
  • reference symbol S shown in FIG. 4 and the like is a virtual plane S which is orthogonal to the central axis O1 and located between the first surface 3 and the second surface 5.
  • the first plane may be parallel to the virtual plane S or may be inclined.
  • the first plane of the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is parallel to the imaginary plane S.
  • the second area 19 in the insert 1 of the embodiment is inclined with respect to the first area 17.
  • the second region 19 may be inclined so as to approach the virtual plane S as being away from the first region 17, and is inclined so as to be away from the virtual plane S as being away from the first region 17. It is also good.
  • the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the virtual plane S as it goes away from the first area 17.
  • the arithmetic average height Sa2 in the second plane 23 is larger than the arithmetic average height Sa1 in the first plane 21.
  • arithmetic mean height Sa1 in the 1st plane 21 of the 1st field 17 located along cutting edge 15 is relatively small, cutting resistance at the time of cutting can be made small.
  • arithmetic mean height Sa2 in the 2nd plane 23 of the 2nd field 19 located inside the 1st field 3 rather than the 1st field 17 is relatively large, it is good to the scrap which scrapes the 2nd plane 23 Can be braked.
  • the insert 1 may be manufactured by the following process.
  • the means for making the arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1 is not limited to the following steps.
  • a molded body to be the insert 1 is prepared.
  • the second flat surface 23 is formed by honing with a brush or manual work. At this time, the brush may contact not only the second plane 23 but also the first plane 21.
  • a protective film is applied on the second flat surface 23 so that the first flat surface 21 is exposed.
  • the first plane 21 is formed by blasting.
  • the protective film is removed.
  • the order which produces the 1st plane 21 and the 2nd plane 23 may be reverse.
  • a molded body to be the insert 1 is prepared.
  • the first plane 21 is formed by blasting.
  • the second flat surface 23 may be blasted.
  • a protective film is applied on the first flat surface 21 so that the second flat surface 23 is exposed.
  • the second flat surface 23 is formed by honing with a brush or manual work.
  • the protective film is removed.
  • arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than arithmetic mean height Sa1 by adjusting the conditions of a laser. That is, while forming the first plane 21 by irradiating the first laser, and adjusting the conditions of the first laser and the second laser when forming the second plane 23 by irradiating the second laser, Thus, it is possible to make the arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1.
  • the arithmetic average height Sa2 may be made larger than the arithmetic average height Sa1 by adjusting the moving speed of the laser instead of adjusting the conditions of the laser. Is possible.
  • Arithmetic mean height Sa is a parameter of the surface property defined in ISO 25178-6: 2010, and is a parameter obtained by extending the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of a line to a surface. Specifically, the arithmetic average height Sa represents the average of the absolute values of the differences in height of each point on the target surface with respect to the average surface of the surface to be measured.
  • Sa1 and Sa2 are not limited to specific values.
  • Sa1 can be set to about 0.1 to 0.3 ⁇ m.
  • Sa2 can be set to about 0.2 to 1 ⁇ m.
  • the arithmetic mean height Sa1 of the first plane 21 may be calculated by measuring the surface shape of the first plane 21 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm. Good.
  • the arithmetic average height Sa2 of the second plane 23 is calculated by measuring the surface shape of the second plane 23 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed to 0.03 mm. do it.
  • the above-mentioned cutoff value is only an example, and may be appropriately set in accordance with an apparatus used for measurement and measurement conditions.
  • the measurement of the surface shape of the first flat surface 21 and the second flat surface 23 may use, for example, a contact-type surface roughness measuring machine using a stylus or an optical non-contact type surface roughness measuring machine.
  • the 1st plane 21 is flat means that the 1st plane 21 is not curving. Therefore, the first plane 21 does not have to be parallel to the virtual plane S, and may be inclined to the virtual plane S.
  • the second flat surface 23 is flat means that the second flat surface 23 is not curved. Therefore, the second plane 23 also does not have to be parallel to the virtual plane S, and may be inclined to the virtual plane S.
  • the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the virtual plane S as it goes away from the first area 17.
  • the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the second surface 5 as it is separated from the first area 17.
  • the second area 19 is inclined as described above, it is possible to use the second area 19 as a so-called rake face.
  • the arithmetic mean height Sa2 of the second plane 23 in the second area 19 which can function as a rake face is relatively large, chips are more likely to be collided with the second area 19 and chipping occurs. While difficult, it is possible to brake the chips moderately.
  • the first surface 3 may further include a third region 25 in addition to the first region 17 and the second region 19.
  • the third region 25 in the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is located more inward of the first surface 3 than the second region 19 and is inclined so as to be away from the second surface 5 as it is separated from the second region 19. .
  • the third area 25 has a flat third surface 27.
  • the third plane 27 may be located in the entire third region 25, or may be located in only a part of the third region 25.
  • the third area 25 can be used as a so-called breaker wall. If the third area 25 is used as a breaker wall, the chips can be well curved in the third area 25. Therefore, the chips are easily divided into appropriate lengths, and the chip dischargeability is improved.
  • the surface roughness of the third plane 27 in the third region 25 is not particularly limited.
  • the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27 may be larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1 in the first plane 21.
  • the chips scraping the third plane 27 can be braked well, so the chips can be easily bent stably.
  • the durability of the insert 1 is improved.
  • Sa3 is larger than Sa2
  • excessive braking of the chips in the second plane 23 located closer to the cutting edge 15 than the third plane 27 is avoided. Therefore, the second plane 23 is less likely to be worn, and the chips can be braked in a well-balanced manner in the second plane 23 and the third plane 27.
  • Sa3 is not limited to a specific value.
  • Sa3 can be set to about 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the third region 25 in the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 further includes a fourth plane 29.
  • the fourth plane 29 is located farther from the second surface 5 than the third plane 27 and has a flat shape.
  • the arithmetic mean height Sa4 in the fourth plane 29 may be larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27 or may be smaller than the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27.
  • the third plane 27 and the fourth plane 29 are used as a breaker wall, and the arithmetic mean height Sa4 in the fourth plane 29 is larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27, the second plane 23 and the third plane 27 And the fourth flat surface 29 can brake the chips in a well-balanced manner.
  • Arithmetic average height Sa3 of the third plane 27 and arithmetic average height Sa4 of the fourth plane 29 conform to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm, the third plane 27. And the fourth surface 29 may be calculated.
  • the above-mentioned cutoff value is only an example, and may be appropriately set in accordance with an apparatus used for measurement and measurement conditions.
  • the fourth plane 29 is used as a plane to control the chip flow direction
  • the arithmetic average height Sa4 in the fourth plane 29 is the arithmetic average height in the third plane 27
  • the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the second surface 5 as it is separated from the first area 17, and as the third area 25 is separated from the second area 19. It is inclined away from the second surface 5. Therefore, a so-called breaker groove is formed by the second area 19 and the third area 25.
  • the insert 1 has a breaker groove
  • chips are easily abraded at the breaker groove. Therefore, the chips are likely to be braked when flowing through the breaker groove, and the direction of flowing when flowing outside the breaker groove is easily controlled.
  • the third flat surface 27 When the third flat surface 27 is closer to the second surface 5 than the intersection L1, the third flat surface 27 is located inside the breaker groove. Therefore, it is easy to brake the chips in the breaker groove.
  • the fourth flat surface 29 When the fourth flat surface 29 is located farther from the second surface 5 than the intersection L1, the fourth flat surface 29 is located outside the breaker groove. Therefore, chips tend to flow smoothly in the direction along the fourth plane 29.
  • the maximum height Sz2 of the second plane 23 may be larger than the maximum height Sz1 of the first plane 21. As described above, in the case where the maximum height Sz1 in the first plane 21 of the first region 17 located along the cutting edge 15 is relatively small, as in the case where the arithmetic average height Sa1 is relatively small, Cutting resistance at the time of cutting can be reduced.
  • the maximum height Sz is a parameter of the surface property defined in ISO 25178-6: 2010, and is a parameter obtained by expanding the maximum height Rz of the line to a surface. Specifically, the maximum height Sz represents the maximum value of the absolute value of the difference in height of each point on the target surface with respect to the average surface of the surface to be measured.
  • Sz1 and Sz2 are not limited to specific values.
  • Sz1 can be set to about 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 2.5 ⁇ m or less.
  • Sz2 can be set to about 2.2 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the maximum height Sz1 of the first plane 21 may be calculated by measuring the surface shape of the first plane 21 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm.
  • the maximum height Sz2 of the second plane 23 is calculated by measuring the surface shape of the second plane 23 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm. Just do it.
  • the above-mentioned cutoff value is only an example, and may be appropriately set in accordance with an apparatus used for measurement and measurement conditions.
  • Examples of the material of the insert 1 include cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, PCD (polycrystalline diamond) and cBN (cubic boron nitride).
  • composition of the cemented carbide examples include WC (tungsten carbide) -Co, WC-TiC (titanium carbide) -Co, and WC-TiC-TaC (tantalum carbide) -Co.
  • WC, TiC and TaC are hard particles
  • Co is a binder phase.
  • cermet is a sintered composite material in which a ceramic component is compounded with a metal. Specifically, a compound mainly composed of TiC or TiN (titanium nitride) can be mentioned as the cermet.
  • the material of the insert 1 is not limited to these.
  • the insert 1 may have only one member comprised by the material illustrated above, and may have several members comprised by the material illustrated above.
  • the insert 1 may have a main body portion 31 and a cutting portion 33, and may have a polygonal plate shape as a whole.
  • the main body portion 31 in the example shown in FIG. 1 has a substantially polygonal plate shape and a concave shape in which a part is cut away.
  • the cutting portion 33 may be joined to the notched concave portion using a brazing material or the like.
  • the first corner 9, the first side 11 and the second side 13 may be located in the cutting portion 33.
  • hatching with oblique lines is added to the portion of the cutting portion 33 in FIG.
  • the cutting portion 33 may be made of a material having relatively high hardness, such as PCD and cBN, and the main body portion 31 may be made of, for example, cemented carbide, cermet or ceramics.
  • the insert 1 can be manufactured at low cost.
  • the durability of the insert 1 to a cutting load is high.
  • the hardness of the main body portion 31 and the cutting portion 33 may be evaluated by measuring the Vickers hardness of each portion.
  • the insert 1 may have only the said cutting part 33 and the main-body part 31, in addition to the site
  • the covering layer may cover the entire surface of the substrate constituted by the cutting portion 33 and the main body portion 31, or may cover only a part of the surface of the substrate.
  • Examples of the material of the covering layer include aluminum oxide (alumina), and carbides, nitrides, oxides, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon nitrides and carbon nitride oxides of titanium.
  • the covering layer may contain only one of the above-mentioned materials, or may contain a plurality.
  • the coating layer may be comprised by only one layer, and the structure by which the several layer was laminated
  • a material of a coating layer it is not limited to these.
  • the cover layer can be located on the substrate, for example by using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method.
  • the insert 1 of the example shown in FIG. 1 has a through hole 35.
  • the through holes 35 in the embodiment are formed from the first surface 3 to the second surface 5 and open in these surfaces.
  • the through hole 35 may extend along a central axis O1 passing through the center of the first surface 3 and the center of the second surface 5.
  • the through hole 35 may be used to attach a fixing screw or clamp member when holding the insert 1 in the holder.
  • the through holes 35 may be opened in regions opposite to each other in the third surface 7 without any problem.
  • the cutting tool 101 includes a holder 105 having a pocket 103 (insert pocket) on the tip end side, and the above insert 1 located in the pocket 103.
  • the insert 1 is mounted such that at least a part of the cutting blade protrudes from the tip of the holder 105.
  • the holder 105 is in the shape of an elongated rod. Then, one pocket 103 is provided on the tip end side of the holder 105. The pocket 103 is a portion to which the insert 1 is attached, and is open to the tip end surface of the holder 105.
  • the pocket 103 since the pocket 103 is also open to the side surface of the holder 105, the insert 1 can be easily attached.
  • the pocket 103 has a seating surface parallel to the lower surface of the holder 105 and a constraining side surface inclined to the seating surface.
  • the insert 1 is located in the pocket 103. At this time, the lower surface of the insert 1 may be in direct contact with the pocket 103, or a sheet may be sandwiched between the insert 1 and the pocket 103.
  • the insert 1 is mounted such that at least a portion of the cutting blade protrudes outward from the holder 105.
  • the insert 1 is attached to the holder 105 by the clamp member 107.
  • the insert 1 may be attached to the holder 105 by inserting the clamp member 107 into the through hole of the insert 1 and fixing the clamp member 107 to the holder 105.
  • steel cast iron or the like can be used.
  • steel may be used among these members.
  • An example cutting tool shown in FIG. 9 is a cutting tool used for so-called turning.
  • Examples of turning include inner diameter machining, outer diameter machining and grooving.
  • the cutting tool is not limited to one used for turning.
  • the insert 1 of the above embodiment may be used for a cutting tool used for milling.
  • the machined product is manufactured by cutting the work material 201.
  • the method of manufacturing a machined product according to the embodiment includes the following steps. That is, (1) a step of rotating the work material 201; (2) bringing the cutting material 101 represented by the above-described embodiment into contact with the rotating workpiece 201; (3) releasing the cutting tool 101 from the work material 201; Is equipped.
  • the work material 201 is rotated about the axis O2, and the cutting tool 101 is relatively brought close to the work material 201.
  • the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with the workpiece 201 to cut the workpiece 201.
  • the cutting tool 101 is relatively moved away from the work material 201.
  • the cutting tool 101 is moved in the Y1 direction in a state in which the axis O2 is fixed and the work material 201 is rotated, thereby bringing the work material 201 closer. Further, in FIG. 12, the work material 201 is cut by bringing the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 into contact with the rotating work material 201. Further, in FIG. 13, the cutting tool 101 is moved away in the Y2 direction while rotating the work material 201.
  • the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with the work material 201 by moving the cutting tool 101 in each process, or the cutting tool 101 is to be machined Although it separates from the cutting material 201, naturally it is not limited to such a form.
  • the work material 201 may be brought close to the cutting tool 101.
  • the work material 201 may be moved away from the cutting tool 101.
  • the process in which the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with different portions of the work material 201 may be repeated while maintaining the state where the work material 201 is rotated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

A cutting insert according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a cutting edge. The first surface has a first region and a second region. The first region is positioned along an intersection and includes a flat first planar surface. The second region is positioned further to the inside of the first surface than the first region and is inclined relative to the first region, and includes a flat second planar surface. Furthermore, an arithmetic mean height Sa2 of the second planar surface is greater than an arithmetic mean height Sa1 of the first planar surface.

Description

切削インサート、切削工具及び切削加工物の製造方法Cutting insert, cutting tool and method of manufacturing cut product 関連出願の相互参照Cross-reference to related applications
　本出願は、２０１７年１０月３０日に出願された日本国特許出願２０１７－２０８９２９号の優先権を主張するものであり、この先の出願の開示全体を、ここに参照のために取り込む。 This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-208929 filed on October 30, 2017, and the entire disclosure of the prior application is incorporated herein by reference.
　本態様は、一般的には、切削加工において用いられる切削インサートに関する。より具体的には、ＰＣＤ及びｃＢＮのように硬度が比較的高い材質の切削工具に関する。 This aspect generally relates to a cutting insert used in cutting. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cutting tool made of a material having relatively high hardness, such as PCD and cBN.
　金属などの被削材を切削加工する際に用いられる切削工具として、例えば特開平８－１５５７０２号公報（特許文献１）に記載の切削インサート（スローアウェイチップ）が知られている。特許文献１に記載の切削インサートにおいては、上面が、切刃に沿って位置するランド面（面取り部）と、ランド面の内側に位置するチップブレーカとを有している。 As a cutting tool used when cutting a work material such as metal, for example, a cutting insert (throwaway tip) described in JP-A-8-155702 (Patent Document 1) is known. In the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1, the upper surface has a land surface (chamfered portion) located along the cutting edge and a chip breaker located inside the land surface.
　特に、特許文献１に記載の切削インサートのように、切刃の部分が立方晶窒化硼素（ＣＢＮ：Cubic Boron Nitride）を主成分とする超高硬度焼結体によって構成されている場合には、ランド面が広く設定される傾向にある。ランド面は、例えば、ブラシによるホーニング、手作業又はブラスト処理などによって形成することが可能である。 In particular, as in the case of the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1, in the case where the portion of the cutting edge is made of an ultra-high hardness sintered body mainly composed of cubic boron nitride (CBN), Land surfaces tend to be set widely. The land surface can be formed, for example, by brush honing, manual operation or blasting.
　ブラシによるホーニング又は手作業のみによってランド面を形成した場合においては、ランド面の表面が荒くなり、算術平均高さＳａが大きくなることがある。そのため、ランド面における切削抵抗が高くなり、切刃のチッピングが生じるおそれがある。また、ブラスト処理のみによってランド面の算術平均高さＳａが小さくすることが可能であるが、この場合には、チップブレーカの算術平均高さＳａも小さくなる。そのため、チップブレーカにおける切屑のブレーキングが不十分となるおそれがある。 When the land surface is formed only by honing with a brush or by a manual operation, the surface of the land surface may be rough and the arithmetic average height Sa may be increased. Therefore, the cutting resistance on the land surface may be high, and chipping of the cutting edge may occur. Also, although it is possible to reduce the arithmetic mean height Sa of the land surface only by blasting, in this case, the arithmetic mean height Sa of the chip breaker also becomes smaller. Therefore, there is a possibility that breaking of chips in the chip breaker is insufficient.
　一態様に基づく切削インサートは、第１面、第２面、第３面及び切刃を有している。第２面は、第１面の反対側に位置する。第３面は、第１面及び第２面の間に位置する。切刃は、第１面及び第３面の交わりの少なくとも一部に位置する。第１面は、第１領域及び第２領域を有している。第１領域は、交わりに沿って位置しており、少なくとも一部に平らな第１平面を含んでいる。第２領域は、第１領域よりも第１面の内側に位置するとともに第１領域に対して傾斜しており、少なくとも一部に平らな第２平面を含んでいる。そして、第２平面における算術平均高さＳａ２が、第１平面における算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きい。 The cutting insert according to one aspect has a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a cutting edge. The second surface is opposite to the first surface. The third surface is located between the first surface and the second surface. The cutting blade is located at least a part of the intersection of the first and third surfaces. The first surface has a first area and a second area. The first region is located along the intersection and includes a flat first plane at least in part. The second region is located on the inner side of the first surface than the first region and is inclined with respect to the first region, and includes a flat second plane at least in part. And arithmetic mean height Sa2 in a 2nd plane is larger than arithmetic mean height Sa1 in a 1st plane.
実施形態の切削インサートを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing a cutting insert of an embodiment. 図１に示す切削インサートを第１面の側から見た正面図である。It is the front view which looked at the cutting insert shown in FIG. 1 from the side of the 1st surface. 図２に示す切削インサートをＡ１方向から見た側面図である。It is the side view which looked at the cutting insert shown in FIG. 2 from the A1 direction. 図２に示す切削インサートをＡ２方向から見た側面図である。It is the side view which looked at the cutting insert shown in FIG. 2 from the A2 direction. 図２に示す領域Ｂ１における拡大図である。It is an enlarged view in area | region B1 shown in FIG. 図５に示す切削インサートにおけるＶＩ断面の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the VI cross section in the cutting insert shown in FIG. 図５に示す切削インサートにおけるＶＩＩ断面の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the VII cross section in the cutting insert shown in FIG. 図５に示す切削インサートにおけるＶＩＩＩ断面の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the VIII cross section in the cutting insert shown in FIG. 実施形態の切削工具を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing a cutting tool of an embodiment. 図９に示す領域Ｂ２における拡大図である。It is an enlarged view in area | region B2 shown in FIG. 実施形態の切削加工物の製造方法の一工程を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows 1 process of the manufacturing method of the cutting material of embodiment. 実施形態の切削加工物の製造方法の一工程を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows 1 process of the manufacturing method of the cutting material of embodiment. 実施形態の切削加工物の製造方法の一工程を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows 1 process of the manufacturing method of the cutting material of embodiment.
　以下、複数の実施形態の切削インサート１（以下、単にインサート１ともいう。）について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。但し、以下で参照する各図は、説明の便宜上、各実施形態を説明する上で必要な主要部材のみを簡略化して示したものである。したがって、インサート１は、参照する各図に示されていない任意の構成部材を備え得る。また、各図中の部材の寸法は、実際の構成部材の寸法及び各部材の寸法比率等を忠実に表したものではない。 Hereinafter, cutting inserts 1 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as inserts 1) according to a plurality of embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, for convenience of explanation, the drawings referred to in the following simply show only the main members necessary for describing each embodiment. Thus, the insert 1 may comprise any component not shown in the figures to which it refers. Further, the dimensions of the members in the respective drawings do not faithfully represent the dimensions of the actual constituent members, the dimensional ratio of the respective members, and the like.
　＜切削インサート＞
　実施形態のインサート１は、第１面３（図１における上面）と、第２面５（図１における下面）と、第３面７（図１における側面）と、切刃とを有しており、概ね多角板形状である。 <Cutting insert>
The insert 1 of the embodiment has a first surface 3 (upper surface in FIG. 1), a second surface 5 (lower surface in FIG. 1), a third surface 7 (side surface in FIG. 1), and a cutting edge And generally in the shape of a polygonal plate.
　第１面３は、図１に示すように、多角形であってもよい。第２面５は、図１に示すように、第１面３の反対側に位置していてもよい。第３面７は、図１に示すように、第１面３及び第２面５の間に位置していてもよい。切刃は、第１面及び第３面の交わりの少なくとも一部に位置していてもよい。 The first surface 3 may be a polygon as shown in FIG. The second surface 5 may be located on the opposite side of the first surface 3 as shown in FIG. The third surface 7 may be located between the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 as shown in FIG. The cutting blade may be located at least a part of the intersection of the first and third surfaces.
　第１面３は、特定の形状に限定されない。第１面３は、例えば正面視において多角形状であってもよい。図２に示す一例のインサート１において、第１面３は菱形である。そのため、図２に示す一例における第１面３は、４つの角及び４つの辺を有している。このとき、４つの角の一つが第１コーナ９であり、この第１コーナ９に接続された２つの辺が第１辺１１及び第２辺１３である。第１面３の外周縁において、第１コーナ９が第１辺１１及び第２辺１３の間に挟まれて位置していてもよい。 The first surface 3 is not limited to a specific shape. The first surface 3 may have, for example, a polygonal shape in a front view. In the insert 1 of the example shown in FIG. 2, the first surface 3 is a rhombus. Therefore, the first surface 3 in the example shown in FIG. 2 has four corners and four sides. At this time, one of the four corners is the first corner 9, and two sides connected to the first corner 9 are the first side 11 and the second side 13. At the outer peripheral edge of the first surface 3, the first corner 9 may be positioned between the first side 11 and the second side 13.
　ここで、多角形状とは、厳密に多角形の形状であることに限定されない。例えば、第１面３を正面視した場合において、第１面３における４つの角は、それぞれ丸みを帯びており、外側に向かってわずかに凸となる形状であってもよい。また、第１面３を正面視した場合において、４つの辺は、それぞれ厳密な直線形状に限定されない。これらの辺は、第１面３を正面視した場合において、それぞれ外側に向かってわずかに凸となる形状、又はわずかに凹となる形状であってもよい。 Here, the polygonal shape is not limited to being strictly a polygonal shape. For example, when the first surface 3 is viewed from the front, the four corners of the first surface 3 may be rounded and slightly convex outward. In addition, when the first surface 3 is viewed from the front, the four sides are not limited to the strict linear shape. When the first surface 3 is viewed from the front, these sides may have a shape slightly convex toward the outside or a shape slightly concave.
　第２面５は、多角形状であってもよく、例えば、第１面３と同様に菱形であってもよい。この場合には、第３面７は、概ね平坦な４つの平面と、これらの平面を接続する４つの曲面とを有する。 The second surface 5 may have a polygonal shape, and may have, for example, a rhombus like the first surface 3. In this case, the third surface 7 has four substantially flat planes and four curved surfaces connecting these planes.
　なお、第１面３及び第２面５の形状は、上記の形態に限定されない。実施形態の１つのインサート１においては第１面３及び第２面５の形状が四角形である。しかし、第１面３及び第２面５の形状は、例えば三角形又は六角形であってもよい。 In addition, the shape of the 1st surface 3 and the 2nd surface 5 is not limited to said form. In one insert 1 of the embodiment, the shapes of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 are square. However, the shape of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 may be, for example, a triangle or a hexagon.
　インサート１の大きさは特に限定されない。例えば、第１面３の一辺の長さは、３ｍｍ以上２０ｍｍ以下程度に設定できる。また、第１面３から第２面５までの高さは、５ｍｍ以上２０ｍｍ以下程度に設定できる。 The size of the insert 1 is not particularly limited. For example, the length of one side of the first surface 3 can be set to about 3 mm or more and 20 mm or less. The height from the first surface 3 to the second surface 5 can be set to about 5 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
　実施形態のインサート１は、第１面３及び第３面７の交わり（稜線）Ｌ１の少なくとも一部に位置する切刃１５を有している。切刃１５は、被削材を切削加工する際に用いることが可能である。切刃１５は、交わりＬ１の全体、言い換えれば第１面３の外縁部分の全体に位置していてもよく、また、交わりＬ１の一部のみに位置していてもよい。図５に示す一例においては、切刃１５は、第１コーナ９、第１辺１１の一部、及び、第２辺１３の一部に位置している。 The insert 1 of the embodiment has a cutting edge 15 located at least a part of the intersection (ridge line) L1 of the first surface 3 and the third surface 7. The cutting blade 15 can be used when cutting a work material. The cutting blade 15 may be located at the entire intersection L1, in other words, the entire outer edge portion of the first surface 3, or may be located at only a part of the intersection L1. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the cutting edge 15 is located at the first corner 9, part of the first side 11, and part of the second side 13.
　第１面３は、第１領域１７及び第２領域１９を有している。第１領域１７は、交わりＬ１に沿って位置している。このとき、第１領域１７は、交わりＬ１に接していてもよく、また、離れていてもよい。図５に示す一例における第１領域１７は、交わりＬ１に接している。第２領域１９は、第１領域１７よりも第１面３の内側に位置するとともに第１領域１７に対して傾斜している。 The first surface 3 has a first area 17 and a second area 19. The first area 17 is located along the intersection L1. At this time, the first region 17 may be in contact with the intersection L1 or may be separated. The first region 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 is in contact with the intersection L1. The second area 19 is located more inward of the first surface 3 than the first area 17 and is inclined with respect to the first area 17.
　第１領域１７は、平らな形状の第１平面２１を有している。ここで、第１平面２１は、第１領域１７の全体に位置していてもよく、また、第１領域１７の一部のみに位置していてもよい。第２領域１９は、平らな形状の第２平面２３を有している。第２平面２３は、第２領域１９の全体に位置していてもよく、また、第２領域１９の一部のみに位置していてもよい。 The first region 17 has a flat first surface 21. Here, the first plane 21 may be located in the entire first region 17 or may be located in only a part of the first region 17. The second area 19 has a flat second surface 23. The second plane 23 may be located in the entire second region 19 or may be located in only a part of the second region 19.
　図５に示す一例における第１領域１７は、第１コーナ９、第１辺１１及び第２辺１３に沿って位置している。また、図５に示す一例における第１領域１７は、交わりＬ１に直交する方向の幅が交わりＬ１に沿った方向の幅よりも狭い帯状の構成である。 The first region 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 is located along the first corner 9, the first side 11 and the second side 13. The first region 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 has a band-like configuration in which the width in the direction orthogonal to the intersection L1 is narrower than the width in the direction along the intersection L1.
　第１領域１７は、少なくとも一部が切刃１５に沿って位置していてもよい。第１領域１７における切刃１５に沿って位置する部分は、いわゆるランド面として用いることが可能である。第１領域１７がランド面として用いられる場合には、切刃１５の耐久性が向上する。第１領域１７は、切刃１５に接していてもよく、また、離れていてもよい。図５に示す一例における第１領域１７は、切刃１５に接している。 The first region 17 may be at least partially located along the cutting edge 15. The portion of the first region 17 located along the cutting edge 15 can be used as a so-called land surface. When the first region 17 is used as a land surface, the durability of the cutting edge 15 is improved. The first region 17 may be in contact with the cutting edge 15 or may be separated. The first area 17 in the example shown in FIG. 5 is in contact with the cutting edge 15.
　図１などに示す符号Ｏ１は、第１面３の中心及び第２面５の中心を通る中心軸である。また、図４などに示す符号Ｓは、中心軸Ｏ１に対して直交し、第１面３及び第２面５の間に位置する仮想平面Ｓである。第１平面は、仮想平面Ｓに対して平行であっても、また、傾斜していてもよい。図６～図８に示す一例の第１平面は、仮想平面Ｓに対して平行である。 Reference numeral O1 shown in FIG. 1 and the like is a central axis passing through the center of the first surface 3 and the center of the second surface 5. Further, reference symbol S shown in FIG. 4 and the like is a virtual plane S which is orthogonal to the central axis O1 and located between the first surface 3 and the second surface 5. The first plane may be parallel to the virtual plane S or may be inclined. The first plane of the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is parallel to the imaginary plane S.
　実施形態のインサート１における第２領域１９は、第１領域１７に対して傾斜している。このとき、第２領域１９は、第１領域１７から離れるに従って仮想平面Ｓに近づくように傾斜していてもよく、また、第１領域１７から離れるに従って仮想平面Ｓから離れるように傾斜していてもよい。図６～図８に示す一例においては、第２領域１９は、第１領域１７から離れるに従って仮想平面Ｓに近づくように傾斜している。 The second area 19 in the insert 1 of the embodiment is inclined with respect to the first area 17. At this time, the second region 19 may be inclined so as to approach the virtual plane S as being away from the first region 17, and is inclined so as to be away from the virtual plane S as being away from the first region 17. It is also good. In the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the virtual plane S as it goes away from the first area 17.
　実施形態のインサート１では、第２平面２３における算術平均高さＳａ２が、第１平面２１における算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きい。このように、切刃１５に沿って位置する第１領域１７の第１平面２１における算術平均高さＳａ１が相対的に小さいことから、切削加工時の切削抵抗を小さくできる。また、第１領域１７よりも第１面３の内側に位置する第２領域１９の第２平面２３における算術平均高さＳａ２が相対的に大きいことから、第２平面２３を擦過する切屑に良好にブレーキを掛けることができる。 In the insert 1 of the embodiment, the arithmetic average height Sa2 in the second plane 23 is larger than the arithmetic average height Sa1 in the first plane 21. Thus, since arithmetic mean height Sa1 in the 1st plane 21 of the 1st field 17 located along cutting edge 15 is relatively small, cutting resistance at the time of cutting can be made small. Moreover, since arithmetic mean height Sa2 in the 2nd plane 23 of the 2nd field 19 located inside the 1st field 3 rather than the 1st field 17 is relatively large, it is good to the scrap which scrapes the 2nd plane 23 Can be braked.
　算術平均高さＳａ２を算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくするためには、例えば、下記の工程によってインサート１を作製すればよい。ただし、算術平均高さＳａ２を算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくする手段は下記の工程に限定されない。 In order to make the arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1, for example, the insert 1 may be manufactured by the following process. However, the means for making the arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1 is not limited to the following steps.
　まず、インサート１となる成形体を準備する。次に、ブラシによるホーニング又は手作業によって第２平面２３を形成する。このとき、第２平面２３だけでなく第１平面２１にブラシが接触してもよい。次に、第１平面２１が露出するように第２平面２３の上に保護膜をつける。次に、ブラスト処理によって第１平面２１を形成する。次に、保護膜を除去する。以上の工程によって、算術平均高さＳａ２を算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくすることが可能である。 First, a molded body to be the insert 1 is prepared. Next, the second flat surface 23 is formed by honing with a brush or manual work. At this time, the brush may contact not only the second plane 23 but also the first plane 21. Next, a protective film is applied on the second flat surface 23 so that the first flat surface 21 is exposed. Next, the first plane 21 is formed by blasting. Next, the protective film is removed. By the above steps, it is possible to make the arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1.
　また、第１平面２１及び第２平面２３を作成する順番は逆でもよい。まず、インサート１となる成形体を準備する。次に、ブラスト処理によって第１平面２１を形成する。このとき、第１平面２１だけでなく第２平面２３にブラスト処理が行われてもよい。次に、第２平面２３が露出するように第１平面２１の上に保護膜をつける。次に、ブラシによるホーニング又は手作業によって第２平面２３を形成する。次に、保護膜を除去する。以上の工程によって、算術平均高さＳａ２を算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくすることが可能である。 Moreover, the order which produces the 1st plane 21 and the 2nd plane 23 may be reverse. First, a molded body to be the insert 1 is prepared. Next, the first plane 21 is formed by blasting. At this time, not only the first flat surface 21 but also the second flat surface 23 may be blasted. Next, a protective film is applied on the first flat surface 21 so that the second flat surface 23 is exposed. Next, the second flat surface 23 is formed by honing with a brush or manual work. Next, the protective film is removed. By the above steps, it is possible to make the arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1.
　また、レーザ加工によりインサート１を作製する際に、レーザの条件を調整することによって、算術平均高さＳａ２を算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくすることが可能である。すなわち、第１レーザを照射することによって第１平面２１を形成するとともに、第２レーザを照射することによって第２平面２３を形成する際に、第１レーザ及び第２レーザの条件を調整することによって、算術平均高さＳａ２を算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくすることが可能である。 Moreover, when producing the insert 1 by laser processing, it is possible to make arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than arithmetic mean height Sa1 by adjusting the conditions of a laser. That is, while forming the first plane 21 by irradiating the first laser, and adjusting the conditions of the first laser and the second laser when forming the second plane 23 by irradiating the second laser, Thus, it is possible to make the arithmetic mean height Sa2 larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1.
　また、レーザ加工によりインサート１を作製する際に、レーザの条件を調整することに代えてレーザの移動速度を調整することによっても、算術平均高さＳａ２を算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくすることが可能である。 In addition, when the insert 1 is manufactured by laser processing, the arithmetic average height Sa2 may be made larger than the arithmetic average height Sa1 by adjusting the moving speed of the laser instead of adjusting the conditions of the laser. Is possible.
　算術平均高さＳａは、ＩＳＯ２５１７８－６：２０１０に規定された表面性状のパラメータであり、線の算術平均粗さＲａを面に拡張したパラメータである。具体的には、算術平均高さＳａは、測定対象の面の平均面に対して対象の面における各点の高さの差の絶対値の平均を表している。 Arithmetic mean height Sa is a parameter of the surface property defined in ISO 25178-6: 2010, and is a parameter obtained by extending the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of a line to a surface. Specifically, the arithmetic average height Sa represents the average of the absolute values of the differences in height of each point on the target surface with respect to the average surface of the surface to be measured.
　Ｓａ１及びＳａ２は、特定の値に限定されない。例えば、Ｓａ１は、０．１～０．３μｍ程度に設定できる。また、Ｓａ２は、０．２～１μｍ程度に設定できる。 Sa1 and Sa2 are not limited to specific values. For example, Sa1 can be set to about 0.1 to 0.3 μm. Further, Sa2 can be set to about 0.2 to 1 μm.
　Ｓａ１が、０．１μｍ以上である場合には、切屑に適度なブレーキを掛け易い。そのため、第２平面において切屑の流れをコントロールし易い。Ｓａ１が、０．３μｍ以下である場合には、第１平面２１の摩耗を抑制し易い。また、Ｓａ２が、０．２μｍ以上である場合には、第２平面において切屑の流れをコントロールし易い。Ｓａ２が、１μｍ以下である場合には、第２平面２３の摩耗を抑制し易い。 When Sa1 is 0.1 μm or more, it is easy to apply a suitable brake to the chips. Therefore, it is easy to control the flow of chips in the second plane. When Sa1 is 0.3 μm or less, abrasion of the first flat surface 21 can be easily suppressed. When Sa2 is 0.2 μm or more, the flow of chips can be easily controlled in the second plane. When Sa2 is 1 μm or less, wear of the second flat surface 23 can be easily suppressed.
　第１平面２１の算術平均高さＳａ１は、カットオフ値を０．０３ｍｍに固定する以外はＩＳＯ２５１７８－６：２０１０の規格に準じて、第１平面２１の表面形状を測定することにより算出すればよい。また、第２平面２３の算術平均高さＳａ２は、カットオフ値を０．０３ｍｍに固定する以外はＩＳＯ２５１７８－６：２０１０の規格に準じて、第２平面２３の表面形状を測定することにより算出すればよい。 The arithmetic mean height Sa1 of the first plane 21 may be calculated by measuring the surface shape of the first plane 21 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm. Good. The arithmetic average height Sa2 of the second plane 23 is calculated by measuring the surface shape of the second plane 23 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed to 0.03 mm. do it.
　ただし、上記のカットオフ値は一例にすぎず、測定に用いる装置や測定条件に応じて適宜設定すればよい。第１平面２１及び第２平面２３の表面形状の測定は、例えば、触針を用いた接触式表面粗さ測定機、あるいは、光学式の非接触式表面粗さ測定機を利用すればよい。 However, the above-mentioned cutoff value is only an example, and may be appropriately set in accordance with an apparatus used for measurement and measurement conditions. The measurement of the surface shape of the first flat surface 21 and the second flat surface 23 may use, for example, a contact-type surface roughness measuring machine using a stylus or an optical non-contact type surface roughness measuring machine.
　なお、第１平面２１が平らであるとは、第１平面２１が湾曲していないことを意味している。そのため、第１平面２１は、仮想平面Ｓに対して平行である必要はなく、仮想平面Ｓに対して傾斜していてもよい。また、第２平面２３が平らであるとは、第２平面２３が湾曲していないことを意味している。そのため、第２平面２３もまた、仮想平面Ｓに対して平行である必要はなく、仮想平面Ｓに対して傾斜していてもよい。 In addition, that the 1st plane 21 is flat means that the 1st plane 21 is not curving. Therefore, the first plane 21 does not have to be parallel to the virtual plane S, and may be inclined to the virtual plane S. Further, that the second flat surface 23 is flat means that the second flat surface 23 is not curved. Therefore, the second plane 23 also does not have to be parallel to the virtual plane S, and may be inclined to the virtual plane S.
　図６～図８に示す一例においては、第２領域１９は、第１領域１７から離れるに従って仮想平面Ｓに近づくように傾斜している。言い換えれば、第２領域１９は、第１領域１７から離れるに従って第２面５に近づくように傾斜している。 In the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the virtual plane S as it goes away from the first area 17. In other words, the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the second surface 5 as it is separated from the first area 17.
　第２領域１９が上記のように傾斜している場合には、第２領域１９をいわゆるすくい面として用いることが可能である。すくい面として機能することが可能な第２領域１９における第２平面２３の算術平均高さＳａ２が相対的に大きい場合には、切屑が第２領域１９に衝突することが避けられ易くチッピングが生じにくい一方で、適度に切屑に対してブレーキを掛けることができる。 If the second area 19 is inclined as described above, it is possible to use the second area 19 as a so-called rake face. When the arithmetic mean height Sa2 of the second plane 23 in the second area 19 which can function as a rake face is relatively large, chips are more likely to be collided with the second area 19 and chipping occurs. While difficult, it is possible to brake the chips moderately.
　また、図５に示すように第１面３は、第１領域１７及び第２領域１９に加えて、第３領域２５をさらに有していてもよい。図６～図８に示す一例における第３領域２５は、第２領域１９よりも第１面３の内側に位置するとともに第２領域１９から離れるに従って第２面５から離れるように傾斜している。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the first surface 3 may further include a third region 25 in addition to the first region 17 and the second region 19. The third region 25 in the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is located more inward of the first surface 3 than the second region 19 and is inclined so as to be away from the second surface 5 as it is separated from the second region 19. .
　第３領域２５は、平らな形状の第３平面２７を有している。ここで、第３平面２７は、第３領域２５の全体に位置していてもよく、また、第３領域２５の一部のみに位置していてもよい。 The third area 25 has a flat third surface 27. Here, the third plane 27 may be located in the entire third region 25, or may be located in only a part of the third region 25.
　第３領域２５は、いわゆるブレーカ壁として用いることが可能である。第３領域２５がブレーカ壁として用いられる場合には、この第３領域２５において切屑を良好に湾曲させることができる。そのため、切屑が適度な長さで分断され易く、切屑の排出性が向上する。 The third area 25 can be used as a so-called breaker wall. If the third area 25 is used as a breaker wall, the chips can be well curved in the third area 25. Therefore, the chips are easily divided into appropriate lengths, and the chip dischargeability is improved.
　第３領域２５における第３平面２７の面粗さは特に限定されない。例えば、第３平面２７における算術平均高さＳａ３が、第１平面２１における算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きくてもよい。算術平均高さＳａ３が相対的に大きい場合には、第３平面２７を擦過する切屑に良好にブレーキを掛けることができるため、切屑を安定して湾曲させ易い。 The surface roughness of the third plane 27 in the third region 25 is not particularly limited. For example, the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27 may be larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1 in the first plane 21. When the arithmetic mean height Sa3 is relatively large, the chips scraping the third plane 27 can be braked well, so the chips can be easily bent stably.
　特に、第３平面２７における算術平均高さＳａ３が、第２平面２３における算術平均高さＳａ２よりも大きい場合には、インサート１の耐久性が向上する。Ｓａ３がＳａ２よりも大きい場合には、第３平面２７よりも切刃１５の近くに位置する第２平面２３において切屑に対して過度にブレーキが掛かることが避けられる。そのため、第２平面２３が摩耗しにくくなり、第２平面２３及び第３平面２７においてバランス良く切屑に対してブレーキをかけることができる。 In particular, when the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27 is larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa2 in the second plane 23, the durability of the insert 1 is improved. When Sa3 is larger than Sa2, excessive braking of the chips in the second plane 23 located closer to the cutting edge 15 than the third plane 27 is avoided. Therefore, the second plane 23 is less likely to be worn, and the chips can be braked in a well-balanced manner in the second plane 23 and the third plane 27.
　Ｓａ３は、特定の値に限定されない。、例えば、Ｓａ３は、０．２μｍ以上１μｍ以下程度に設定できる。 Sa3 is not limited to a specific value. For example, Sa3 can be set to about 0.2 μm or more and 1 μm or less.
　また、図６～図８に示す一例における第３領域２５は、第４平面２９をさらに有している。第４平面２９は、第３平面２７よりも第２面５から離れて位置しており、平らな形状である。第４平面２９における算術平均高さＳａ４は、第３平面２７における算術平均高さＳａ３より大きくてもよく、また、第３平面２７における算術平均高さＳａ３より小さくてもよい。 Further, the third region 25 in the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 further includes a fourth plane 29. The fourth plane 29 is located farther from the second surface 5 than the third plane 27 and has a flat shape. The arithmetic mean height Sa4 in the fourth plane 29 may be larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27 or may be smaller than the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27.
　第３平面２７及び第４平面２９をブレーカ壁として用い、第４平面２９における算術平均高さＳａ４が、第３平面２７における算術平均高さＳａ３より大きいときには、第２平面２３、第３平面２７及び第４平面２９においてバランス良く切屑に対してブレーキをかけることができる。 When the third plane 27 and the fourth plane 29 are used as a breaker wall, and the arithmetic mean height Sa4 in the fourth plane 29 is larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane 27, the second plane 23 and the third plane 27 And the fourth flat surface 29 can brake the chips in a well-balanced manner.
　第３平面２７の算術平均高さＳａ３及び第４平面２９の算術平均高さＳａ４は、カットオフ値を０．０３ｍｍに固定する以外はＩＳＯ２５１７８－６：２０１０の規格に準じて、第３平面２７及び第４平面２９の表面形状を測定することにより算出すればよい。ただし、上記のカットオフ値は一例にすぎず、測定に用いる装置や測定条件に応じて適宜設定すればよい。 Arithmetic average height Sa3 of the third plane 27 and arithmetic average height Sa4 of the fourth plane 29 conform to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm, the third plane 27. And the fourth surface 29 may be calculated. However, the above-mentioned cutoff value is only an example, and may be appropriately set in accordance with an apparatus used for measurement and measurement conditions.
　また、第３平面２７をブレーカ壁として用いる一方で第４平面２９を切屑の流れる方向を制御する面として用い、第４平面２９における算術平均高さＳａ４が、第３平面２７における算術平均高さＳａ３より小さいときには、第２平面２３及び第３平面２７においてブレーキが掛けられた切屑が、第４平面２９においては第４平面２９に沿った方向に円滑に流れ易くなる。 Also, while the third plane 27 is used as a breaker wall, the fourth plane 29 is used as a plane to control the chip flow direction, and the arithmetic average height Sa4 in the fourth plane 29 is the arithmetic average height in the third plane 27 When it is smaller than Sa3, the chips on which the brake is applied in the second plane 23 and the third plane 27 can flow smoothly in the direction along the fourth plane 29 in the fourth plane 29.
　図６～図８に示す一例においては、第２領域１９が第１領域１７から離れるに従って第２面５に近づくように傾斜しており、また、第３領域２５が第２領域１９から離れるに従って第２面５から離れるように傾斜している。そのため、第２領域１９及び第３領域２５によっていわゆるブレーカ溝が形成されている。 In the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the second area 19 is inclined so as to approach the second surface 5 as it is separated from the first area 17, and as the third area 25 is separated from the second area 19. It is inclined away from the second surface 5. Therefore, a so-called breaker groove is formed by the second area 19 and the third area 25.
　インサート１がブレーカ溝を有している場合に、切屑はブレーカ溝において擦過し易い。そのため、切屑は、ブレーカ溝を流れる際にブレーキが掛けられ易く、また、ブレーカ溝の外を流れる際に流れる方向が制御され易い。 In the case where the insert 1 has a breaker groove, chips are easily abraded at the breaker groove. Therefore, the chips are likely to be braked when flowing through the breaker groove, and the direction of flowing when flowing outside the breaker groove is easily controlled.
　第３平面２７が交わりＬ１よりも第２面５の近くに位置している場合には、第３平面２７がブレーカ溝の内に位置することになる。そのため、ブレーカ溝において切屑にブレーキが掛かりやすい。また、第４平面２９が交わりＬ１よりも第２面５から離れて位置している場合には、第４平面２９がブレーカ溝の外に位置することになる。そのため、切屑は、第４平面２９に沿った方向に円滑に流れ易い。 When the third flat surface 27 is closer to the second surface 5 than the intersection L1, the third flat surface 27 is located inside the breaker groove. Therefore, it is easy to brake the chips in the breaker groove. When the fourth flat surface 29 is located farther from the second surface 5 than the intersection L1, the fourth flat surface 29 is located outside the breaker groove. Therefore, chips tend to flow smoothly in the direction along the fourth plane 29.
　第２平面２３における最大高さＳｚ２が、第１平面２１における最大高さＳｚ１より大きくてもよい。このように、切刃１５に沿って位置する第１領域１７の第１平面２１における最大高さＳｚ１が相対的に小さい場合には、算術平均高さＳａ１が相対的に小さい場合と同様に、切削加工時の切削抵抗を小さくできる。 The maximum height Sz2 of the second plane 23 may be larger than the maximum height Sz1 of the first plane 21. As described above, in the case where the maximum height Sz1 in the first plane 21 of the first region 17 located along the cutting edge 15 is relatively small, as in the case where the arithmetic average height Sa1 is relatively small, Cutting resistance at the time of cutting can be reduced.
　また、切刃１５に沿って位置する第２領域１９の第２平面２３における最大高さＳｚ２が相対的に大きい場合には、算術平均高さＳａ２が相対的に大きい場合と同様に、第２平面２３を擦過する切屑に良好にブレーキを掛けることができる。 Further, in the case where the maximum height Sz2 in the second plane 23 of the second region 19 located along the cutting edge 15 is relatively large, as in the case where the arithmetic average height Sa2 is relatively large, the second It is possible to brake the chips scraping the plane 23 well.
　最大高さＳｚは、ＩＳＯ２５１７８－６：２０１０に規定された表面性状のパラメータであり、線の最大高さＲｚを面に拡張したパラメータである。具体的には、最大高さＳｚは、測定対象の面の平均面に対して対象の面における各点の高さの差の絶対値の最大値を表している。 The maximum height Sz is a parameter of the surface property defined in ISO 25178-6: 2010, and is a parameter obtained by expanding the maximum height Rz of the line to a surface. Specifically, the maximum height Sz represents the maximum value of the absolute value of the difference in height of each point on the target surface with respect to the average surface of the surface to be measured.
　Ｓｚ１及びＳｚ２は、特定の値に限定されるものではない。例えば、Ｓｚ１は、０．５μｍ以上２．５μｍ以下程度に設定できる。また、Ｓｚ２は、２．２μｍ以上２０μｍ以下程度に設定できる。 Sz1 and Sz2 are not limited to specific values. For example, Sz1 can be set to about 0.5 μm or more and 2.5 μm or less. Further, Sz2 can be set to about 2.2 μm to 20 μm.
　第１平面２１の最大高さＳｚ１は、カットオフ値を０．０３ｍｍに固定する以外はＩＳＯ２５１７８－６：２０１０の規格に準じて、第１平面２１の表面形状を測定することにより算出すればよい。また、第２平面２３の最大高さＳｚ２は、カットオフ値を０．０３ｍｍに固定する以外はＩＳＯ２５１７８－６：２０１０の規格に準じて、第２平面２３の表面形状を測定することにより算出すればよい。ただし、上記のカットオフ値は一例にすぎず、測定に用いる装置や測定条件に応じて適宜設定すればよい。 The maximum height Sz1 of the first plane 21 may be calculated by measuring the surface shape of the first plane 21 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm. . Further, the maximum height Sz2 of the second plane 23 is calculated by measuring the surface shape of the second plane 23 according to the standard of ISO 25178-6: 2010 except that the cutoff value is fixed at 0.03 mm. Just do it. However, the above-mentioned cutoff value is only an example, and may be appropriately set in accordance with an apparatus used for measurement and measurement conditions.
　インサート１の材質としては、例えば、超硬合金、サーメット、セラミックス、ＰＣＤ（ポリクリスタルダイヤモンド）及びｃＢＮ（キュービックボロンナイトライド）などが挙げられる。 Examples of the material of the insert 1 include cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, PCD (polycrystalline diamond) and cBN (cubic boron nitride).
　超硬合金の組成としては、例えば、ＷＣ（炭化タングステン）－Ｃｏ、ＷＣ－ＴｉＣ（炭化チタン）－Ｃｏ及びＷＣ－ＴｉＣ－ＴａＣ（炭化タンタル）－Ｃｏが挙げられる。ここで、ＷＣ、ＴｉＣ及びＴａＣは硬質粒子であり、Ｃｏは結合相である。また、サーメットは、セラミック成分に金属を複合させた焼結複合材料である。具体的には、サーメットとして、ＴｉＣ又はＴｉＮ（窒化チタン）を主成分とした化合物が挙げられる。なお、インサート１の材質としては、これらに限定されない。 Examples of the composition of the cemented carbide include WC (tungsten carbide) -Co, WC-TiC (titanium carbide) -Co, and WC-TiC-TaC (tantalum carbide) -Co. Here, WC, TiC and TaC are hard particles, and Co is a binder phase. Also, cermet is a sintered composite material in which a ceramic component is compounded with a metal. Specifically, a compound mainly composed of TiC or TiN (titanium nitride) can be mentioned as the cermet. The material of the insert 1 is not limited to these.
　また、インサート１は、上に例示する材質によって構成される１つの部材のみを有していてもよく、また、上に例示する材質によって構成される複数の部材を有していてもよい。 Moreover, the insert 1 may have only one member comprised by the material illustrated above, and may have several members comprised by the material illustrated above.
　例えば、インサート１が、図１に示すように、本体部３１及び切削部３３を有しており、全体として多角板形状であってもよい。図１に示す一例における本体部３１は、略多角板形状であり、一部が切り欠かれた凹形状である。この切り欠かれた凹形状の部分に切削部３３がロウ材などを用いて接合されてもよい。 For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the insert 1 may have a main body portion 31 and a cutting portion 33, and may have a polygonal plate shape as a whole. The main body portion 31 in the example shown in FIG. 1 has a substantially polygonal plate shape and a concave shape in which a part is cut away. The cutting portion 33 may be joined to the notched concave portion using a brazing material or the like.
　ここで、図１に示す一例のように、第１コーナ９、第１辺１１及び第２辺１３が、切削部３３に位置していてもよい。なお、視覚的な理解を容易にするため、図１において、切削部３３の部分に斜線によるハッチングを加えている。 Here, as in the example shown in FIG. 1, the first corner 9, the first side 11 and the second side 13 may be located in the cutting portion 33. In order to facilitate visual understanding, hatching with oblique lines is added to the portion of the cutting portion 33 in FIG.
　切削部３３が、例えばＰＣＤ及びｃＢＮのように硬度が比較的高い材質であるとともに、本体部３１が、例えば、超硬合金、サーメット又はセラミックスであってもよい。本体部３１及び切削部３３が上記の材質である場合には、インサート１を安価に製造できる。また、切削負荷に対するインサート１の耐久性が高い。本体部３１及び切削部３３の硬度は、それぞれの部位のビッカース硬さを測定することによって評価すればよい。 The cutting portion 33 may be made of a material having relatively high hardness, such as PCD and cBN, and the main body portion 31 may be made of, for example, cemented carbide, cermet or ceramics. When the main body portion 31 and the cutting portion 33 are made of the above material, the insert 1 can be manufactured at low cost. In addition, the durability of the insert 1 to a cutting load is high. The hardness of the main body portion 31 and the cutting portion 33 may be evaluated by measuring the Vickers hardness of each portion.
　また、インサート１は、上記の切削部３３及び本体部３１のみを有していてもよいが、例えば、切削部３３及び本体部３１の部位に加えて、これらの部位の表面を被覆する被覆層を備えていてもよい。被覆層は、切削部３３及び本体部３１によって構成される基体の表面の全体を覆っていてもよく、また、基体の表面の一部のみを覆っていてもよい。 Moreover, although the insert 1 may have only the said cutting part 33 and the main-body part 31, in addition to the site | part of the cutting part 33 and the main-body part 31, the coating layer which covers the surface of these sites May be provided. The covering layer may cover the entire surface of the substrate constituted by the cutting portion 33 and the main body portion 31, or may cover only a part of the surface of the substrate.
　被覆層の材質としては、例えば、酸化アルミニウム（アルミナ）、並びに、チタンの炭化物、窒化物、酸化物、炭酸化物、窒酸化物、炭窒化物及び炭窒酸化物などが挙げられる。被覆層は、上記の材質のうち１つのみを含有していてもよく、また、複数を含有していてもよい。 Examples of the material of the covering layer include aluminum oxide (alumina), and carbides, nitrides, oxides, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon nitrides and carbon nitride oxides of titanium. The covering layer may contain only one of the above-mentioned materials, or may contain a plurality.
　また、被覆層は、１つのみの層によって構成されていてもよく、複数の層が積層された構成であってもよい。なお、被覆層の材質としては、これらに限定されない。被覆層は、例えば、化学蒸着（ＣＶＤ）法又は物理蒸着（ＰＶＤ）法を用いることによって、基体の上に位置させることが可能である。 Moreover, the coating layer may be comprised by only one layer, and the structure by which the several layer was laminated | stacked may be sufficient as it. In addition, as a material of a coating layer, it is not limited to these. The cover layer can be located on the substrate, for example by using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method.
　図１に示す一例のインサート１は、貫通孔３５を有している。実施形態における貫通孔３５は、第１面３から第２面５にかけて形成されており、これらの面において開口している。貫通孔３５は、第１面３の中心及び第２面５の中心を通る中心軸Ｏ１に沿って延びていてもよい。 The insert 1 of the example shown in FIG. 1 has a through hole 35. The through holes 35 in the embodiment are formed from the first surface 3 to the second surface 5 and open in these surfaces. The through hole 35 may extend along a central axis O1 passing through the center of the first surface 3 and the center of the second surface 5.
　貫通孔３５は、インサート１をホルダに保持する際に、固定ネジ又はクランプ部材を取り付けるために用いられてもよい。なお、貫通孔３５は、第３面７における互いに反対側に位置する領域において開口する構成であっても何ら問題無い。 The through hole 35 may be used to attach a fixing screw or clamp member when holding the insert 1 in the holder. The through holes 35 may be opened in regions opposite to each other in the third surface 7 without any problem.
　＜切削工具＞
　次に、実施形態の切削工具１０１について図面を用いて説明する。 <Cutting tool>
Next, the cutting tool 101 of the embodiment will be described using the drawings.
　実施形態の切削工具１０１は、図９及び図１０に示すように、先端側にポケット１０３（インサートポケット）を有するホルダ１０５と、ポケット１０３に位置する上記のインサート１とを備えている。実施形態の切削工具１０１においては、切刃の少なくとも一部がホルダ１０５の先端から突出するようにインサート１が装着されている。 As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the cutting tool 101 according to the embodiment includes a holder 105 having a pocket 103 (insert pocket) on the tip end side, and the above insert 1 located in the pocket 103. In the cutting tool 101 of the embodiment, the insert 1 is mounted such that at least a part of the cutting blade protrudes from the tip of the holder 105.
　ホルダ１０５は、細長く伸びた棒形状をなしている。そして、ホルダ１０５の先端側には、ポケット１０３が１つ設けられている。ポケット１０３は、インサート１が装着される部分であり、ホルダ１０５の先端面に対して開口している。 The holder 105 is in the shape of an elongated rod. Then, one pocket 103 is provided on the tip end side of the holder 105. The pocket 103 is a portion to which the insert 1 is attached, and is open to the tip end surface of the holder 105.
　このとき、ポケット１０３がホルダ１０５の側面に対しても開口していることによって、インサート１の装着を容易に行うことができる。具体的には、ポケット１０３は、ホルダ１０５の下面に対して平行な着座面と、着座面に対して傾斜する拘束側面とを有している。 At this time, since the pocket 103 is also open to the side surface of the holder 105, the insert 1 can be easily attached. Specifically, the pocket 103 has a seating surface parallel to the lower surface of the holder 105 and a constraining side surface inclined to the seating surface.
　ポケット１０３にはインサート１が位置している。このとき、インサート１の下面がポケット１０３に直接に接していてもよく、また、インサート１とポケット１０３との間にシートを挟んでいてもよい。 The insert 1 is located in the pocket 103. At this time, the lower surface of the insert 1 may be in direct contact with the pocket 103, or a sheet may be sandwiched between the insert 1 and the pocket 103.
　インサート１は、切刃の少なくとも一部がホルダ１０５から外方に突出するように装着される。図１０に示す一例においては、インサート１は、クランプ部材１０７によって、ホルダ１０５に装着されている。インサート１の貫通孔にクランプ部材１０７を挿入してクランプ部材１０７をホルダ１０５に固定することによって、インサート１がホルダ１０５に装着されていてもよい。 The insert 1 is mounted such that at least a portion of the cutting blade protrudes outward from the holder 105. In the example shown in FIG. 10, the insert 1 is attached to the holder 105 by the clamp member 107. The insert 1 may be attached to the holder 105 by inserting the clamp member 107 into the through hole of the insert 1 and fixing the clamp member 107 to the holder 105.
　ホルダ１０５としては、鋼、鋳鉄などを用いることができる。特に、ホルダ１０３の靭性を高める観点から、これらの部材の中で鋼を用いてもよい。 As the holder 105, steel, cast iron or the like can be used. In particular, in order to increase the toughness of the holder 103, steel may be used among these members.
　図９に示す一例の切削工具は、いわゆる旋削加工に用いられる切削工具である。旋削加工としては、例えば、内径加工、外径加工及び溝入れ加工が挙げられる。なお、切削工具としては旋削加工に用いられるものに限定されない。例えば、転削加工に用いられる切削工具に上記の実施形態のインサート１を用いてもよい。 An example cutting tool shown in FIG. 9 is a cutting tool used for so-called turning. Examples of turning include inner diameter machining, outer diameter machining and grooving. The cutting tool is not limited to one used for turning. For example, the insert 1 of the above embodiment may be used for a cutting tool used for milling.
　＜切削加工物の製造方法＞
　次に、実施形態の切削加工物の製造方法について図面を用いて説明する。 <Method of manufacturing cut product>
Next, the manufacturing method of the cutting material of embodiment is demonstrated using drawing.
　切削加工物は、被削材２０１を切削加工することによって作製される。実施形態における切削加工物の製造方法は、以下の工程を備えている。すなわち、
（１）被削材２０１を回転させる工程と、
（２）回転している被削材２０１に上記実施形態に代表される切削工具１０１を接触させる工程と、
（３）切削工具１０１を被削材２０１から離す工程と、
を備えている。 The machined product is manufactured by cutting the work material 201. The method of manufacturing a machined product according to the embodiment includes the following steps. That is,
(1) a step of rotating the work material 201;
(2) bringing the cutting material 101 represented by the above-described embodiment into contact with the rotating workpiece 201;
(3) releasing the cutting tool 101 from the work material 201;
Is equipped.
　より具体的には、まず、図１１に示すように、被削材２０１を軸Ｏ２の周りで回転させるとともに、被削材２０１に切削工具１０１を相対的に近付ける。次に、図１２に示すように、切削工具１０１における切刃を被削材２０１に接触させて、被削材２０１を切削する。そして、図１３に示すように、切削工具１０１を被削材２０１から相対的に遠ざける。 More specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 11, the work material 201 is rotated about the axis O2, and the cutting tool 101 is relatively brought close to the work material 201. Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with the workpiece 201 to cut the workpiece 201. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the cutting tool 101 is relatively moved away from the work material 201.
　図１１に示す一例においては、軸Ｏ２を固定するとともに被削材２０１を回転させた状態で切削工具１０１をＹ１方向に移動させることによって被削材２０１に近づけている。また、図１２においては、回転している被削材２０１に切削工具１０１における切刃を接触させることによって被削材２０１を切削している。また、図１３においては、被削材２０１を回転させた状態で切削工具１０１をＹ２方向に移動させることによって遠ざけている。 In the example shown in FIG. 11, the cutting tool 101 is moved in the Y1 direction in a state in which the axis O2 is fixed and the work material 201 is rotated, thereby bringing the work material 201 closer. Further, in FIG. 12, the work material 201 is cut by bringing the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 into contact with the rotating work material 201. Further, in FIG. 13, the cutting tool 101 is moved away in the Y2 direction while rotating the work material 201.
　なお、図１１～図１３に示す一例の製造方法における切削加工では、それぞれの工程において、切削工具１０１を動かすことによって、切削工具１０１を被削材２０１に接触させる、あるいは、切削工具１０１を被削材２０１から離しているが、当然ながらこのような形態に限定されない。 In the cutting process in the manufacturing method of one example shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with the work material 201 by moving the cutting tool 101 in each process, or the cutting tool 101 is to be machined Although it separates from the cutting material 201, naturally it is not limited to such a form.
　例えば、（１）の工程において、被削材２０１を切削工具１０１に近づけてもよい。同様に、（３）の工程において、被削材２０１を切削工具１０１から遠ざけてもよい。切削加工を継続する場合には、被削材２０１を回転させた状態を維持して、被削材２０１の異なる箇所に切削工具１０１における切刃を接触させる工程を繰り返せばよい。 For example, in the step (1), the work material 201 may be brought close to the cutting tool 101. Similarly, in the step (3), the work material 201 may be moved away from the cutting tool 101. In the case of continuing the cutting process, the process in which the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with different portions of the work material 201 may be repeated while maintaining the state where the work material 201 is rotated.
　なお、被削材２０１の材質の代表例としては、炭素鋼、合金鋼、ステンレス、鋳鉄、又は非鉄金属などが挙げられる。 In addition, as a representative example of the material of the work material 201, carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron, nonferrous metal etc. are mentioned.
　　１・・・切削インサート（インサート）
　　３・・・第１面
　　５・・・第２面
　　７・・・第３面
　　９・・・第１コーナ
　１１・・・第１辺
　１３・・・第２辺
　１５・・・切刃
　１７・・・第１領域
　１９・・・第２領域
　２１・・・第１平面
　２３・・・第２平面
　２５・・・第３領域
　２７・・・第３平面
　２９・・・第４平面
　３１・・・本体部
　３３・・・切削部
　３５・・・貫通孔
１０１・・・切削工具
１０３・・・ポケット
１０５・・・ホルダ
１０７・・・固定ネジ
２０１・・・被削材 1 ・ ・ ・ Cutting insert (insert)
3 ... 1st surface 5 ... 2nd surface 7 ... 3rd surface 9 ... 1st corner 11 ... 1st side 13 ... 2nd side 15 ... cutting edge 17 First area 19 second area 21 first plane 23 second plane 25 second area 27 third plane 29 third plane 29 fourth plane 31 Body part 33: Cutting part 35: Through hole 101: Cutting tool 103: Pocket 105: Holder 107: Fixing screw 201: Material to be cut

Claims (9)

  1. 　第１面と、
    　前記第１面の反対側に位置する第２面と、
    　前記第１面及び前記第２面の間に位置する第３面と、
    　前記第１面及び前記第３面の交わりの少なくとも一部に位置する切刃とを有し、
    　前記第１面は、
    　　前記交わりに沿って位置して、平らな第１平面を有する第１領域と、
    　　前記第１領域よりも前記第１面の内側に位置するとともに前記第１領域に対して傾斜し、平らな第２平面を有する第２領域とを有し、
    　前記第２平面における算術平均高さＳａ２が、前記第１平面における算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きい、切削インサート。     First side,
    A second surface located opposite to the first surface;
    A third surface located between the first surface and the second surface;
    A cutting blade located at least a part of the intersection of the first surface and the third surface;
    The first surface is
    A first region located along the intersection and having a flat first plane;
    And a second area located inside the first surface than the first area and inclined with respect to the first area and having a flat second plane,
    A cutting insert, wherein the arithmetic mean height Sa2 in the second plane is larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1 in the first plane.
  2. 　前記第２領域は、前記第１領域から離れるに従って前記第２面に近づくように傾斜している、請求項１に記載の切削インサート。 The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the second area is inclined to approach the second surface as it is separated from the first area.
  3. 　前記第１面は、前記第２領域よりも前記第１面の内側に位置するとともに前記第２領域から離れるに従って前記第２面から離れるように傾斜し、平らな第３平面を有する第３領域をさらに有し、
    　前記第３平面における算術平均高さＳａ３が、前記第１平面における算術平均高さＳａ１よりも大きい、請求項２に記載の切削インサート。     A third area having a flat third plane, wherein the first surface is located more inward of the first surface than the second region, and is inclined away from the second surface as it is separated from the second region. And have
    The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane is larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa1 in the first plane.
  4. 　前記第３平面における算術平均高さＳａ３が、前記第２平面における算術平均高さＳａ２よりも大きい、請求項３に記載の切削インサート。 The cutting insert according to claim 3, wherein the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane is larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa2 in the second plane.
  5. 　前記第３領域は、前記第３平面よりも前記第２面から離れて位置する平らな第４平面をさらに有し、
    　前記第３平面における算術平均高さＳａ３が、前記第４平面における算術平均高さＳａ４よりも大きい、請求項３又は４に記載の切削インサート。     The third region further includes a flat fourth plane located farther from the second plane than the third plane,
    The cutting insert according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the arithmetic mean height Sa3 in the third plane is larger than the arithmetic mean height Sa4 in the fourth plane.
  6. 　前記第４平面が前記交わりよりも前記第２面から離れて位置するとともに、前記第３平面が前記交わりよりも前記第２面の近くに位置している、請求項５に記載の切削インサート。 The cutting insert according to claim 5, wherein the fourth plane is located farther from the second plane than the intersection, and the third plane is located closer to the second plane than the intersection.
  7. 　前記第２平面における最大高さＳｚ２が、前記第１平面における最大高さＳｚ１よりも大きい、請求項１～６のいずれか１つに記載の切削インサート。 The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the maximum height Sz2 in the second plane is larger than the maximum height Sz1 in the first plane.
  8. 　先端側に位置するポケットを有するホルダと、
    　前記ポケット内に位置する、請求項１～７のいずれか１つに記載の切削インサートとを有する切削工具。     A holder having a pocket located on the tip side,
    A cutting tool having a cutting insert according to any one of the preceding claims, located in the pocket.
  9. 　被削材を回転させる工程と、
    　回転している前記被削材に請求項８に記載の切削工具を接触させる工程と、
    　前記切削工具を前記被削材から離す工程とを備えた切削加工物の製造方法。     Rotating the work material;
    Contacting the rotating cutting material with the cutting tool according to claim 8;
    And moving the cutting tool away from the workpiece.
PCT/JP2018/039171 2017-10-30 2018-10-22 Cutting insert, cutting tool, and method of manufacturing cut workpiece WO2019087844A1 (en)

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