WO2019082992A1 - ニッケル複合酸化物、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法 - Google Patents
ニッケル複合酸化物、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法Info
- Publication number
- WO2019082992A1 WO2019082992A1 PCT/JP2018/039769 JP2018039769W WO2019082992A1 WO 2019082992 A1 WO2019082992 A1 WO 2019082992A1 JP 2018039769 W JP2018039769 W JP 2018039769W WO 2019082992 A1 WO2019082992 A1 WO 2019082992A1
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- Prior art keywords
- nickel composite
- composite oxide
- lithium
- positive electrode
- nickel
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- ZAGHKONXGGSVDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC1CCCC1 Chemical compound CCCCC1CCCC1 ZAGHKONXGGSVDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/006—Compounds containing, besides nickel, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
- C01P2002/54—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants one element only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
- C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a nickel composite oxide and a lithium nickel composite oxide.
- the lithium ion secondary battery is composed of, for example, a negative electrode, a positive electrode, an electrolytic solution, and the like, and a material capable of releasing and inserting lithium is used as an active material of the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- a lithium ion secondary battery using a lithium composite oxide, particularly a lithium cobalt composite oxide which is relatively easy to synthesize, as a positive electrode material is expected as a battery having a high energy density since a high voltage of 4 V is obtained.
- Practical application is in progress.
- a battery using a lithium cobalt composite oxide many developments have been conducted to obtain excellent initial capacity characteristics and cycle characteristics, and various results have already been obtained.
- lithium cobalt composite oxide uses an expensive cobalt compound as a raw material, the unit cost per capacity of a battery using this lithium cobalt composite oxide is much higher than that of a nickel hydrogen battery, and the applicable application is considerable. It is limited.
- lithium nickel complex oxide using nickel cheaper than cobalt can be mentioned.
- the lithium nickel composite oxide exhibits a lower electrochemical potential than the lithium cobalt composite oxide, so decomposition by the oxidation of the electrolytic solution is less likely to be a problem, higher capacity can be expected, and battery voltage as high as cobalt type. Development is actively conducted.
- lithium-ion secondary battery when a lithium-ion secondary battery is manufactured using a lithium-nickel composite oxide synthesized purely with only nickel as a positive electrode material, the cycle characteristics are inferior to cobalt-based batteries, and by use or storage under a high temperature environment, It has the disadvantage that it is relatively easy to impair the battery performance. For this reason, lithium nickel composite oxides in which a part of nickel is replaced with cobalt or aluminum are generally known.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a lithium-nickel composite oxide represented by the following general formula (1), and having a specific surface area of 0.5 to 2.05 m 2 / G, and the carbon content of the lithium-nickel composite oxide is adjusted to 0.08 mass% or less with respect to the total amount, and a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is disclosed. ing.
- the lithium nickel composite oxide which is a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, is also required to suppress the reaction resistance in order to sufficiently increase the output voltage in the case of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, for example. It is done.
- the nickel compound oxide which can manufacture lithium nickel compound oxide which can control reaction resistance in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is provided.
- the purpose is to
- a nickel composite oxide having a carbon content of 0.15% by mass or less.
- a nickel composite oxide capable of producing a lithium nickel composite oxide capable of suppressing reaction resistance in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment can have a carbon content of 0.15% by mass or less.
- the inventors of the present invention can produce a lithium nickel composite oxide capable of suppressing the reaction resistance in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, that is, suitably used as a raw material of the lithium nickel composite oxide
- a lithium nickel composite oxide capable of suppressing the reaction resistance in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
- Patent Document 1 described above discloses that the internal resistance can be reduced by controlling the amount of lithium carbonate present on the particle surface of the lithium-nickel composite oxide to a specific value or less.
- Patent Document 1 describes that the amount of lithium carbonate present on the particle surface of the lithium nickel composite oxide can be adjusted by selecting the conditions of the water washing treatment.
- a trace amount of carbon component present inside the particles of the lithium-nickel composite oxide also affects the reaction resistance of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries such as lithium ion secondary batteries.
- non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries such as lithium ion secondary batteries.
- it is considered that a trace amount of carbon component existing inside the particles of the lithium nickel composite oxide that influences the reaction resistance is attributed to the nickel composite oxide which is one of the raw materials. it was thought. Therefore, by setting the carbon content of the nickel composite oxide to a predetermined range, it can be suitably used as a raw material of lithium nickel composite oxide capable of suppressing the reaction resistance in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. And completed the present invention.
- the carbon content of the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is preferably 0.15% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.10% by mass or less.
- the lower limit of the carbon content of the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but the lower the carbon content, the more preferable, so it can be, for example, 0 or more.
- carbon is likely to be mixed in the process of producing the nickel composite oxide, etc., and if it is attempted to reduce it excessively, there is also a possibility that it causes cost increase.
- the carbon content of the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is more preferably, for example, 0.02 mass% or more.
- the evaluation method of the carbon content of the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, for example, it can be evaluated by a high frequency combustion-infrared absorption method or the like.
- grains of the nickel composite oxide of this embodiment occupies with respect to the nickel composite oxide of this embodiment is 7.0 mass% or less.
- the aluminum compound such as aluminum oxide (alumina) present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide hardly dissolves on the surface of the lithium nickel composite oxide even in the lithium nickel composite oxide produced using the nickel composite oxide It will be mainly present on the particle surface. Then, most of the aluminum compound present on the particle surface of the lithium nickel composite oxide falls off in the production process.
- the nickel composite oxide contains aluminum
- the mass ratio of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide in the nickel composite oxide is high
- the nickel composite oxide is used.
- the content ratio of aluminum of the lithium-nickel composite oxide obtained as described above necessarily decreases.
- the cycle characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the lithium nickel composite oxide can be particularly enhanced by increasing the content ratio of the lithium nickel composite oxide to aluminum. It can be enhanced.
- the mass ratio of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide in the nickel composite oxide to 7.0 mass% or less, the proportion of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the lithium nickel composite oxide particles obtained from the nickel composite oxide can be sufficiently suppressed. For this reason, since the content rate of aluminum of lithium nickel complex oxide obtained can fully be secured, and especially the cycle characteristic at the time of setting it as a nonaqueous system electrolyte rechargeable battery can be raised, it is desirable.
- grains of nickel complex oxide occupies to nickel complex oxide is 6.0 mass% or less.
- the nickel composite oxide contains aluminum
- the nickel composite is used in the roasting step. It is necessary to suppress the heat energy to be given to the hydroxide. As described above, when the heat energy given in the roasting step is suppressed, the crystallinity of the nickel composite oxide may be reduced, and the cycle characteristics may be reduced. Therefore, in the case where the nickel composite oxide contains aluminum, the mass ratio of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide in the nickel composite oxide is 1.5% by mass or more. Is preferable, and 3.0% by mass or more is more preferable.
- the mass ratio of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide in the nickel composite oxide can be measured and calculated, for example, by the following procedure.
- the obtained nickel composite oxide is washed with water to prepare a sample of the nickel composite oxide after the water washing.
- the conditions for washing with water are not particularly limited, and the conditions can be selected so that the aluminum compound present on the surface of the nickel composite oxide can be washed with water.
- a pure water of 20 ° C. is added to the nickel composite oxide, and the slurry adjusted so that the electric conductivity of the liquid portion of the slurry is 45 mS / cm is stirred for 20 minutes and washed with water, followed by filtration and drying. Can be washed with water.
- the water used for washing is not particularly limited, but is preferably water having an electric conductivity of less than 10 ⁇ S / cm, and more preferably 1 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- the aluminum content of the aluminum compound contained in the nickel composite oxide before and after washing with water is measured.
- before water washing means the nickel compound oxide which has not been provided to water washing.
- the amount of aluminum of the aluminum compound contained in the nickel composite oxide before and after washing with water can be measured, for example, using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP emission spectroscopy)) or the like.
- the aluminum content of the aluminum compound contained in the nickel composite oxide before and after water washing is calculated as the content per unit mass of the nickel composite oxide before water washing, which has been determined in advance.
- Al before , Al after and W have the following meanings, respectively.
- Al before Aluminum content of the aluminum compound contained in the nickel composite oxide before water washing
- Al after Aluminum content of aluminum compound contained in nickel composite oxide after water washing
- W Unit mass of the nickel composite oxide before water washing
- the aluminum content of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles is divided by the unit mass of the nickel composite oxide before water washing to obtain aluminum of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide, It is possible to calculate the mass ratio of the nickel composite oxide.
- the mass ratio of the aluminum compound of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide to the nickel composite oxide is the ratio of the aluminum to the nickel composite oxide before and after water washing. It shows the change rate of the content, and it can be rephrased as the mass ratio of the eluted aluminum when the nickel composite oxide is washed with water to the nickel composite oxide.
- the specific composition of the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, for example, the general formula: Ni (1-y-z) Co y M z O 1 + ⁇ (wherein, M is Al And at least one element selected from Ti, y and z respectively represent 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.35, 0.005 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.15, and ⁇ 0.2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.2.
- the specific surface area of the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but the specific surface area is preferably, for example, 20 m 2 / g or more and 100 m 2 / g or less, and 30 m 2 / g or more More preferably, it is 90 m 2 / g or less.
- the diffusion of lithium in the lithium compound to the nickel composite oxide occurs when firing a mixture with the lithium compound to produce a lithium-nickel composite oxide by setting the specific surface area to 20 m 2 / g or more. This is because the reaction can be particularly facilitated. However, if it is intended to make the specific surface area larger than 100 m 2 / g, the nickel composite oxide may need to be subjected to a process such as pulverization, so that 100 m 2 / g or less is preferable.
- Method of producing nickel composite oxide Although the manufacturing method of the nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, it can have a roasting step of roasting the nickel composite hydroxide.
- Ni (1-y-z) Co y M z (OH) 2 + ⁇ (wherein, M represents at least one element selected from Al and Ti, y, y, Nickel composite hydroxide (nickel-cobalt composite hydroxide) represented by z satisfying 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.35, 0.005 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.15, and ⁇ 0.2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.2, respectively. Material) can be included.
- y is preferably 0.01 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.35, more preferably 0.02 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.20, and 0.03 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.15. Is more preferred.
- nickel composite hydroxide is not specifically limited, It can manufacture by coprecipitating nickel which is a contained metal, other additive metals, for example, the above-mentioned cobalt, and the additional element M. .
- nickel composite hydroxide to be subjected to the roasting step is not limited to the above nickel composite hydroxide (nickel-cobalt composite oxide).
- nickel composite hydroxide corresponding to the composition of the target nickel composite oxide can be subjected to the roasting step.
- the conditions for roasting the nickel composite hydroxide are not particularly limited, and it is preferable to select the roasting conditions so that the carbon content can be sufficiently reduced for the obtained nickel composite oxide .
- the carbon content of the nickel composite oxide obtained by selecting roasting conditions such as roasting time, roasting temperature, temperature rising rate to roasting temperature, etc.
- the amount can be adjusted. Therefore, by conducting a preliminary test and selecting the roasting conditions, it is possible to produce a nickel composite oxide in which the carbon content is in a desired range.
- the roasting temperature in the roasting step is preferably higher than 450 ° C. and 750 ° C. or lower, more preferably 500 ° C. or higher and 730 ° C. or lower, and still more preferably 600 ° C. or higher and 730 ° C. or lower.
- the atmosphere for roasting the particles of the nickel composite hydroxide is not particularly limited, as long as it is a non-reducing atmosphere, but it may be performed under an atmosphere of an oxygen-containing gas or under a stream of an oxygen-containing gas. Is preferred.
- the oxygen content rate in oxygen-containing gas is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable that the content rate of oxygen is 18 vol% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 20 vol% or more.
- the oxygen-containing gas can be oxygen, the oxygen content rate can be 100 vol% or less.
- air is preferably used as the oxygen-containing gas.
- the equipment used for roasting is not particularly limited as long as it can heat the nickel composite hydroxide in a non-reducing atmosphere, and an electric furnace or the like without gas generation is suitably used.
- a water washing step can also be carried out as needed.
- the nickel composite oxide obtained in the roasting step and water are mixed and slurried, and the electric conductivity of the liquid portion of the slurry is 30 mS / cm or more in a temperature range of 10 ° C. to 40 ° C. It is preferable to control so as to be 60 mS / cm or less. It is possible to selectively and sufficiently reduce the excess component attached to the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide, for example, an aluminum compound, by setting the electric conductivity of the slurry produced in the water washing step to the above range. It is because it can.
- the water used in the washing step is not particularly limited, but is preferably water having an electric conductivity of less than 10 ⁇ S / cm, and more preferably 1 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- the water washing time is not particularly limited, but it is preferably, for example, 5 minutes or more and 2 hours or less from the viewpoint of enhancing the productivity while sufficiently removing the surplus components attached to the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide.
- the drying conditions in the drying step are not particularly limited, but it is preferably 80 ° C. or more and 450 ° C. or less, more preferably 100 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less, and still more preferably 120 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less.
- the atmosphere in the drying step is not particularly limited, it is preferable to carry out in an atmosphere in which the carbon content is suppressed, for example, it is preferable to carry out in a vacuum atmosphere.
- a vacuum atmosphere for example, it is preferable to carry out in a vacuum atmosphere.
- the lithium nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment can be manufactured using the above-described nickel composite oxide, and the composition thereof is not particularly limited.
- the lithium-nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but, for example, the general formula: Li x Ni (1-y-z) Co y M z O 2+ ⁇ (wherein, M is selected from Al and Ti) Represents at least one element, and x, y and z each represent 0.90 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.10, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.35, 0.005 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.15, ⁇ 0.2 ⁇ ⁇
- lithium nickel complex oxide lithium nickel cobalt complex oxide
- x is preferably 0.95 ⁇ x1.08.
- y is preferably 0.01 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.35, more preferably 0.02 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.20, and still more preferably 0.03 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.15. .
- the lithium-nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment can be manufactured from the above-described nickel composite oxide. For this reason, when it is set as the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which used this lithium nickel complex oxide as a positive electrode active material, it can be set as the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which suppressed reaction resistance.
- Method of producing lithium nickel composite oxide The method for producing the lithium-nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment is not particularly limited. The method for producing a lithium-nickel composite oxide of the present embodiment can have, for example, the following steps.
- the mixing step is a step of mixing the nickel composite oxide and the lithium compound to obtain a mixture (mixed powder).
- the ratio (Li / Me) of the number of atoms of metals other than lithium in the mixture to the number of atoms of lithium (Li) is 0.90 or more and 1.10 or less It is preferable to mix as follows. It is more preferable to mix so that ratio (Li / Me) of the number of atoms of lithium in the said mixture and the number of atoms of metals other than lithium may be especially 0.95 or more and 1.08 or less. Since Li / Me hardly changes before and after the baking step described later, Li / Me in the mixture to be subjected to the baking step becomes substantially the same as Li / Me in the obtained lithium nickel composite oxide. For this reason, it is preferable to mix so that Li / Me in the mixture prepared in the mixing step is the same as Li / Me in the lithium nickel composite oxide to be obtained.
- the lithium compound to be subjected to the mixing step is not particularly limited, and for example, one or more selected from lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate and the like can be preferably used.
- a general mixer can be used as a mixing means for mixing the nickel composite oxide and the lithium compound.
- a shaker mixer, a lodige mixer, a Julia mixer, a V blender, etc. can be used. Good. (Firing process)
- the firing step is a step of firing the mixture obtained in the mixing step to form a lithium nickel composite oxide. When the mixture is fired in the firing step, lithium in the lithium compound diffuses into the nickel composite oxide to form a lithium nickel composite oxide.
- the firing temperature at which the mixture is fired is not particularly limited, but is preferably 600 ° C. or more and 950 ° C. or less, and more preferably 700 ° C. or more and 900 ° C. or less.
- the diffusion of lithium into the nickel composite oxide can be sufficiently advanced, and the crystal structure of the lithium nickel composite oxide contained in the obtained lithium nickel composite oxide is particularly uniform.
- the battery characteristics can be particularly enhanced, which is preferable.
- the reaction can be sufficiently advanced, it is possible to suppress the remaining of excess lithium and the remaining of unreacted particles.
- the firing temperature By setting the firing temperature to 950 ° C. or less, it is possible to suppress the progress of sintering among particles of the lithium nickel composite oxide to be produced. In addition, occurrence of abnormal grain growth can be suppressed, and coarsening of the particles of the obtained lithium nickel composite oxide can be suppressed.
- the temperature in the process of raising the temperature to the heat treatment temperature, the temperature can be maintained at a temperature near the melting point of the lithium compound for about 1 hour to 5 hours, and in this case the reaction can be more uniformly performed.
- the holding time at a predetermined temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 hours or more, more preferably 3 hours or more. This is because by setting the holding time at the firing temperature to 2 hours or more, the formation of the lithium-nickel composite oxide can be sufficiently promoted, and the unreacted material can be more reliably prevented from remaining.
- the upper limit value of the holding time at the firing temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 24 hours or less in consideration of productivity and the like.
- the atmosphere at the time of baking is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use an oxidizing atmosphere.
- an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere can be preferably used, and for example, an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 18 vol% to 100 vol% is more preferable.
- the crystallinity of the lithium nickel composite oxide can be particularly enhanced by setting the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere at the time of firing to 18 vol% or more.
- oxygen-containing gas atmosphere for example, air (atmosphere), oxygen, a mixed gas of oxygen and an inert gas, or the like can be used as the gas constituting the atmosphere.
- the oxygen concentration in the mixed gas preferably satisfies the above-mentioned range.
- the firing step it is preferable to carry out in a stream of oxygen-containing gas, and it is more preferable to carry out in a stream of air or oxygen.
- the furnace used for the firing is not particularly limited, and for example, a furnace capable of firing the mixture in the air or oxygen stream can be used.
- the furnace used for firing is preferably an electric furnace free from gas generation from the viewpoint of keeping the atmosphere in the furnace uniform, and either a batch type or a continuous type furnace can be used.
- the lithium-nickel composite oxide obtained by the firing step may have caused aggregation or slight sintering. In this case, it may be crushed after the firing step.
- crushing means that mechanical energy is applied to an aggregate composed of a plurality of secondary particles generated by sintering necking between secondary particles at the time of firing to almost destroy the secondary particles themselves. It is an operation to separate secondary particles and to loosen aggregates.
- temporary baking can also be implemented before a baking process.
- the temporary firing temperature is not particularly limited, but may be lower than the firing temperature in the firing step.
- the temporary firing temperature is, for example, preferably 250 ° C. or more and 600 ° C. or less, and more preferably 350 ° C. or more and 550 ° C. or less.
- the temporary firing time that is, the holding time at the temporary firing temperature is preferably, for example, about 1 hour to 10 hours, and more preferably, 3 hours to 6 hours.
- the atmosphere at the time of implementing temporary baking is not specifically limited, For example, it can be set as the same atmosphere as a baking process.
- the diffusion of lithium into the nickel composite oxide can be sufficiently performed, and in particular, a uniform lithium nickel composite oxide can be obtained.
- a washing step can also be carried out after the firing step, if necessary.
- the lithium nickel composite oxide obtained in the firing step and water are mixed and slurried, and the electric conductivity of the liquid portion of the slurry is 30 mS / cm or more in a temperature range of 10 ° C. or more and 40 ° C. or less. It is preferable to control so as to be 60 mS / cm or less. This is to selectively and sufficiently reduce the excess component attached to the surface of the particles of the lithium-nickel composite oxide, for example, excess lithium, etc., by setting the electric conductivity of the slurry produced in the water washing step to the above range. It is because
- the water used in the washing step is not particularly limited, but is preferably water having an electric conductivity of less than 10 ⁇ S / cm, and more preferably 1 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- the water washing time is not particularly limited, but it is preferably, for example, 5 minutes or more and 2 hours or less from the viewpoint of enhancing the productivity while sufficiently removing the excess component attached to the surface of the lithium nickel composite oxide particles.
- the drying conditions in the drying step are not particularly limited, but it is preferably 80 ° C. or more and 450 ° C. or less, more preferably 100 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less, and still more preferably 120 ° C. or more and 350 ° C. or less.
- the atmosphere in the drying step is not particularly limited, it is preferably carried out in an atmosphere in which the carbon content is suppressed, and more preferably carried out in a vacuum atmosphere, for example.
- a vacuum atmosphere for example.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment can have a positive electrode using the above-described lithium-nickel composite oxide as a positive electrode material. That is, the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment can have a configuration provided with a positive electrode including the lithium nickel composite oxide described above.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of this embodiment has substantially the same structure as a general non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery except that the above-described lithium nickel composite oxide is used as the positive electrode material. it can.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment can have a structure including a case, and a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolytic solution, and a separator housed in the case.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be stacked via a separator to form an electrode assembly, and the obtained electrode assembly can be impregnated with an electrolytic solution. Then, connect between the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode and the positive electrode terminal leading to the outside, and between the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode and the negative electrode terminal leading to the outside using the current collection lead etc. It can have a sealed structure.
- the structure of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment is not limited to the above example, and the outer shape thereof may adopt various shapes such as a cylindrical shape or a laminated shape.
- the positive electrode is a sheet-like member, and can be formed, for example, by applying and drying a positive electrode mixture paste containing the lithium-nickel composite oxide described above on the surface of a current collector made of an aluminum foil.
- a positive electrode is suitably processed according to the battery to be used. For example, a cutting process may be performed to form an appropriate size according to the target battery, or a pressure compression process using a roll press may be performed to increase the electrode density.
- the above-mentioned positive electrode mixture paste can be formed by adding and kneading a solvent to the positive electrode mixture.
- the positive electrode mixture can be formed by mixing the above-described lithium nickel composite oxide in powder form, a conductive material, and a binder.
- the conductive material is added to provide the electrode with appropriate conductivity.
- the material of the conductive material is not particularly limited, for example, graphite such as natural graphite, artificial graphite and expanded graphite, and carbon black based materials such as acetylene black and ketjen black (registered trademark) can be used.
- the binder plays a role of holding the lithium nickel composite oxide which is a positive electrode active material.
- the binder used for the positive electrode mixture is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluororubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, styrene butadiene, cellulose resin, and polyacryl.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- fluororubber fluororubber
- ethylene propylene diene rubber ethylene propylene diene rubber
- styrene butadiene styrene butadiene
- cellulose resin and polyacryl.
- One or more selected from acids and the like can be used.
- activated carbon etc. can also be added to positive electrode compound material.
- the electric double layer capacity of the positive electrode can be increased by adding activated carbon or the like to the positive electrode mixture.
- the solvent has a function of dissolving the binder and dispersing the lithium-nickel composite oxide, the conductive material, the activated carbon and the like in the binder.
- the solvent is not particularly limited, and for example, an organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be used.
- the mixing ratio of each substance in the positive electrode mixture paste is not particularly limited, and can be made similar to, for example, the positive electrode of a general non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the solid content of the positive electrode composite material excluding the solvent is 100 parts by mass
- the content of the lithium nickel composite oxide is 60 parts by mass or more and 95 parts by mass or less
- the content of the conductive material is 1 part by mass or more
- the content of the binding agent can be 1 part by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less.
- the manufacturing method of a positive electrode is not limited to the said method, For example, after press-molding positive electrode compound material and a positive electrode paste, it can also be manufactured by drying etc. in a vacuum atmosphere.
- the negative electrode is a sheet-like member, and for example, metal lithium, a lithium alloy or the like can be used for the negative electrode.
- a negative electrode mixture paste can be applied to the surface of a metal foil current collector such as copper and dried to form a negative electrode.
- the negative electrode When a negative electrode mixture paste is applied to the surface of a metal foil current collector and dried to form a negative electrode, the negative electrode is substantially different in the components constituting the negative electrode mixture paste, the composition thereof, the material of the current collector, etc. It is formed by the method similar to the above-mentioned positive electrode, and various processes are performed as needed like the positive electrode.
- the negative electrode mixture paste can be made into a paste by adding an appropriate solvent to a negative electrode mixture obtained by mixing a negative electrode active material and a binder.
- the negative electrode active material for example, a lithium-containing substance such as metal lithium or lithium alloy, or an occlusion substance capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions can be adopted.
- the occluding substance is not particularly limited, and for example, one or more kinds selected from organic graphite such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, phenol resin and the like, and powder of carbon substance such as coke can be used.
- a fluorine-containing resin such as PVDF can be used as the binder as with the positive electrode, and as a solvent for dispersing the negative electrode active material in the binder, Organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be used.
- the separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and has a function of separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode and holding an electrolytic solution.
- the material of the separator is, for example, a thin film such as polyethylene or polypropylene, and a film having a large number of fine pores can be used, but it is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned function.
- the electrolytic solution is one in which a lithium salt as a support salt is dissolved in an organic solvent.
- organic solvent examples include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate and trifluoropropylene carbonate; linear carbonates such as diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and dipropyl carbonate; and further tetrahydrofuran, 2- Ether compounds such as methyltetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane; sulfur compounds such as ethyl methyl sulfone and butanesultone; phosphorus compounds such as triethyl phosphate and trioctyl phosphate alone or a mixture of two or more selected be able to.
- cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate and trifluoropropylene carbonate
- linear carbonates such as diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and dipropyl carbonate
- 2- Ether compounds such as methyltetrahydrofur
- LiPF 6 LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , and complex salts thereof can be used.
- the electrolytic solution may contain a radical scavenger, a surfactant, a flame retardant, and the like to improve battery characteristics.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment has been described by way of example using an electrolytic solution (non-aqueous electrolytic solution) as the electrolyte, but the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment It is not limited.
- a solid electrolyte may be used as the electrolyte (non-aqueous electrolyte).
- Solid electrolytes have the property of being able to withstand high voltages. As solid electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes and organic solid electrolytes can be mentioned.
- inorganic solid electrolytes examples include oxide-based solid electrolytes and sulfide-based solid electrolytes.
- the oxide-based solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, and for example, one containing oxygen (O) and having lithium ion conductivity and electronic insulation can be suitably used.
- an oxide system solid electrolyte for example, lithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ), Li 3 PO 4 N x , LiBO 2 N x , LiNbO 3 , LiTaO 3 , Li 2 SiO 3 , Li 4 SiO 4 -Li 3 PO 4 , Li 4 SiO 4 -Li 3 VO 4 , Li 2 O-B 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 , Li 2 O-SiO 2 , Li 2 O-B 2 O 3 -ZnO, Li 1 + X Al X Ti 2-X (PO 4) 3 (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1), Li 1 + X Al X Ge 2-X (PO 4) 3 (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1), LiTi 2 (PO 4) 3, Li 3X La 2 / 3-X TiO 3 (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2/3
- the sulfide-based solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, and for example, one containing sulfur (S) and having lithium ion conductivity and electronic insulation can be suitably used.
- S sulfur
- As the sulfide-based solid electrolyte for example, Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 , Li 2 S—SiS 2 , LiI—Li 2 S—SiS 2 , LiI—Li 2 S—P 2 S 5 , LiI—Li 2 S-B 2 S 3 , Li 3 PO 4 -Li 2 S-Si 2 S, Li 3 PO 4 -Li 2 S-SiS 2 , LiPO 4 -Li 2 S-SiS, LiI-Li 2 S-P 2 O 5, LiI-Li 3 PO 4 -P 2 S can be used one or more selected from 5 or the like.
- the inorganic solid electrolyte one other than the above may be used, and for example, Li 3 N, LiI, Li 3 N-LiI-LiOH, etc. may be used.
- the organic solid electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer compound exhibiting ion conductivity.
- polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, copolymers of these, and the like can be used.
- the organic solid electrolyte may also contain a support salt (lithium salt).
- the configuration other than the positive electrode active material can be changed from the configuration described above as needed.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present embodiment includes a positive electrode using the lithium nickel composite oxide described above as a positive electrode material. For this reason, the reaction resistance in a positive electrode is low and it can be set as the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which has the outstanding battery characteristic.
- Example 1 Manufacture of nickel complex oxide
- a nickel composite oxide was produced by the following procedure.
- Ni 0.88 Co 0.09 Al 0.03 (OH) 2 prepared by a crystallization method is prepared as a nickel composite hydroxide, and the nickel composite hydroxide is prepared under an air atmosphere (oxygen: 21 vol%), Roasting was performed at 500 ° C. (roasting process).
- the temperature was raised to 500 ° C., which is the roasting temperature, at a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C./min, and after reaching the roasting temperature, it was held at the roasting temperature for 3 hours. After that, the heating was stopped, and naturally cooled to room temperature.
- the nickel composite hydroxide by roasting the nickel composite hydroxide, the water contained in the nickel composite hydroxide is removed, and the nickel composite represented by Ni 0.88 Co 0.09 Al 0.03 O It was converted to oxide and recovered.
- Carbon Content The obtained nickel composite oxide was measured by a high frequency combustion-infrared absorption method using a carbon analyzer (Model: CS-600 manufactured by LECO) and found to be 0.07 mass%. It has been confirmed that there is.
- the obtained nickel composite oxide is present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide
- the mass ratio of aluminum in the aluminum compound to the nickel composite oxide was calculated to be 1.4 mass%.
- the mass ratio of the aluminum compound present on the surface of the particles of the nickel composite oxide in the nickel composite oxide was evaluated by the following procedure.
- the obtained nickel composite oxide was washed with water to prepare a sample of the nickel composite oxide after the water washing.
- the sample of the nickel composite oxide after water washing was prepared by the following procedure. First, a slurry prepared by adding pure water at 20 ° C. and an electric conductivity of 1 ⁇ S / cm to the nickel composite oxide obtained after the roasting step to adjust the electric conductivity of the liquid portion of the slurry to 45 mS / cm. The mixture was stirred for 20 minutes, washed with water, and filtered by a filter press. Then, the obtained filtrate was dried at 150 ° C. for 10 hours in a vacuum atmosphere to obtain a nickel composite oxide after water washing.
- the aluminum content of the aluminum compound contained in the nickel composite oxide before and after washing with water was measured.
- before water washing means the nickel compound oxide which has not been provided to water washing.
- the aluminum content of the aluminum compound contained in the nickel composite oxide before and after washing with water is determined using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP emission spectroscopy), manufactured by Shimadzu Corp. Model: ICPE-9000) It was measured.
- the aluminum content of the aluminum compound contained in the nickel composite oxide before and after water washing is calculated as the content per unit mass of the nickel composite oxide before water washing, which has been determined in advance.
- lithium hydroxide monohydrate LiOH ⁇ H 2 O
- anodization treatment by vacuum drying, and the obtained anhydrous lithium hydroxide was used.
- the lithium compound and the nickel composite oxide were weighed and mixed such that the ratio of the number of atoms in the mixture was 1.030, to prepare a mixture.
- Me means the number of atoms of the sum total of metals other than Li, and becomes the sum total of Ni, Co, and Al.
- the mixture obtained in the mixing step is charged into a baking vessel having an inner size of 280 mm (L) ⁇ 280 mm (W) ⁇ 90 mm (H), and this is fed into oxygen using a roller hearth kiln which is a continuous baking furnace. Baking was performed by holding at 765 ° C. for 220 minutes in an atmosphere having a concentration of 80 vol% or more (baking step).
- the obtained baked product is added with pure water at 20 ° C. and an electric conductivity of 1 ⁇ S / cm, and the slurry adjusted so that the electric conductivity of the liquid portion of the slurry is 45 mS / cm is stirred for 50 minutes and washed with water
- the powder obtained by filtering with a filter press is dried at 150.degree. C. for 10 hours in a vacuum atmosphere to obtain lithium represented by Li 0.985 Ni 0.88 Co 0.09 Al 0.03 O 2
- a nickel composite oxide was obtained.
- the secondary battery which has a positive electrode which used obtained lithium nickel complex oxide as a positive electrode active material was produced, and the performance (charge capacity, reaction resistance, cycle characteristic) was evaluated.
- a 2032 type coin battery 10 shown in FIG. 1 was used.
- lithium nickel composite oxide as a positive electrode active material obtained above 15 mg of acetylene black, and 7.5 mg of PTEE are mixed, and pressed at a pressure of 100 MPa to a diameter of 11 mm and a thickness of 100 ⁇ m. After molding, the resultant was dried at 120 ° C. for 12 hours in a vacuum dryer to produce a positive electrode 3.
- a 2032 type coin battery 10 having a structure shown in FIG. 1 was produced in a glove box under an argon (Ar) atmosphere whose dew point was controlled to -80.degree.
- the negative electrode 1 of this 2032 type coin battery uses lithium metal with a diameter of 17 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, and the electrolyte contains ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) with 1 M LiClO 4 as a supporting electrolyte. Volume mixed solution (manufactured by Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was used.
- a polyethylene porous film with a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m was used as the separator 2.
- the case of the 2032 type coin battery 10 has a positive electrode can 6 which is hollow and open at one end, and a negative electrode can 5 disposed at the opening of the positive electrode can 6.
- a space for housing the electrode is formed between the negative electrode can 5 and the positive electrode can 6.
- the case has a gasket 4 and is assembled into a coin-shaped battery by the positive electrode can 6 and the negative electrode can 5.
- the positive electrode 3 is in contact with the inner surface of the positive electrode can 6 via the current collector 7, and the negative electrode 1 is housed in the case so as to be in contact with the inner surface of the negative electrode can 5 via the current collector 7.
- a current collector 7 is also disposed between the positive electrode 3 and the separator 2.
- the current density to the positive electrode is 0.1 mA / cm 2 and the cutoff voltage is 4.3 V
- the charge capacity (initial charge capacity) was defined as the capacity when charging until
- the multichannel voltage / electric current generator made by Advantest, R6741A was used for the measurement of charge capacity.
- resistance value was measured by the alternating current impedance method using 2032 type coin battery 10 charged by charge potential 4.1V.
- a Nyquist plot shown in FIG. 2A was obtained using a frequency response analyzer and a potentiogalvanostat (1255B manufactured by Solartron) for measurement. Since the plot appears as the sum of the characteristic curve showing the solution resistance, the negative electrode resistance and the capacity, and the positive electrode resistance and the capacity, the fitting calculation is carried out using the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. The value was calculated.
- the reaction resistance value in the comparative example 1 mentioned later is made into a reference value, and it has shown in Table 1 as reaction resistance ratio. In Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the reaction resistance value in Comparative Example 1 is 1 and the reaction resistance is shown as a ratio to the reaction resistance value.
- cycle characteristics were evaluated using the produced 2032 type coin battery 10.
- the cycle characteristics were evaluated by measuring the capacity retention rate after 500 cycles of charge and discharge.
- the manufactured 2032 type coin battery 10 is charged to a cutoff voltage of 4.9 V as a current density of 0.3 mA / cm 2 in a thermostatic chamber maintained at 25 ° C., and after a one hour rest After 5 cycles of discharging to a cut-off voltage of 3.5 V are repeated, then charge to a cut-off voltage of 4.9 V as a current density of 2.0 mA / cm 2 in a thermostatic chamber maintained at 60 ° C. Then, after 1 hour of rest, the cycle of discharging to a cutoff voltage of 3.5 V was repeated 500 cycles, and evaluation was made by measuring the discharge capacity of each cycle.
- the capacity retention ratio which is a ratio obtained by dividing the discharge capacity obtained in the cycle after 500 cycles after conditioning, by the discharge capacity obtained in the first cycle after conditioning the coin-type battery is 70% or more.
- the capacity retention rate is less than 70%, the cycle characteristics are not sufficient and the evaluation of B is shown.
- Example 1 When producing a nickel composite oxide, a nickel composite oxide was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the roasting temperature of the nickel composite hydroxide was changed as shown in Table 1. . Also in Examples 2 to 4, after the roasting step, a nickel composite oxide represented by Ni 0.88 Co 0.09 Al 0.03 O was obtained.
- Example 5 to 9 When producing a nickel composite oxide, Ni 0.91 Co 0.045 Al 0.045 (OH) 2 prepared by a crystallization method was prepared as a nickel composite hydroxide, and the nickel composite hydroxide was used. A nickel composite oxide was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the point, and the roasting temperature, temperature rising rate, and roasting time (holding time) of the nickel composite hydroxide were changed as shown in Table 1. , Made an evaluation. In all of Examples 5 to 9, after the roasting step, a nickel composite oxide represented by Ni 0.91 Co 0.045 Al 0.045 O was obtained.
- reaction resistance value in the below-mentioned comparative example 4 which has the same composition is set to 1, and reaction resistance is shown as ratio with the reaction resistance value which concerns.
- Comparative Example 4 When producing a nickel composite oxide, a nickel composite oxide is produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the roasting temperature, temperature rising rate, and holding time of the nickel composite hydroxide are changed as shown in Table 1. And made an evaluation.
- the reaction resistance ratio can be reduced by 10% or more as compared with Comparative Example 4 in Examples 5 to 9 using a nickel composite oxide having a carbon content of 0.15% by mass or less. From the above results, it can be confirmed that carbon derived from the nickel composite oxide affects the reaction resistance of the lithium nickel composite oxide. Then, by suppressing the carbon content of the nickel composite oxide as a raw material, it is possible to confirm that the reaction resistance can be suppressed and the battery can be made to have a high output when the lithium nickel composite oxide is made a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
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Abstract
Description
炭素含有量が0.15質量%以下であるニッケル複合酸化物を提供する。
[ニッケル複合酸化物]
まず、本実施形態のニッケル複合酸化物の一構成例について説明する。
=(Albefore-Alafter)/W×100 ・・・(1)
なお、上記式(1)中の、Albefore、Alafter、Wは、それぞれ以下の意味を有する。
Albefore:水洗前のニッケル複合酸化物に含まれるアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウム含有量
Alafter:水洗後のニッケル複合酸化物に含まれるアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウム含有量
W:水洗前のニッケル複合酸化物の単位質量
上記式(1)に示すように、水洗前のニッケル複合酸化物に含まれるアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウム含有量から、水洗後のニッケル複合酸化物に含まれるアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウム含有量を差し引くことで、水洗前のニッケル複合酸化物の粒子の表面に存在していたアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウム含有量を算出できる。
[ニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法]
本実施形態のニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法は特に限定されるものではないが、ニッケル複合水酸化物を焙焼する焙焼工程を有することができる。
[リチウムニッケル複合酸化物]
次に、本実施形態のリチウムニッケル複合酸化物の一構成例について説明する。
[リチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法]
本実施形態のリチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法は、特に限定されるものではない。本実施形態のリチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法は、例えば以下の工程を有することができる。
上記混合物を焼成する焼成工程。
(混合工程)
混合工程は、ニッケル複合酸化物と、リチウム化合物とを混合して、混合物(混合粉)を得る工程である。
(焼成工程)
焼成工程は、上記混合工程で得られた混合物を焼成して、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物とする工程である。焼成工程において混合物を焼成すると、ニッケル複合酸化物に、リチウム化合物中のリチウムが拡散しリチウムニッケル複合酸化物が形成される。
[非水系電解質二次電池]
次に、本実施形態の非水系電解質二次電池の一構成例について説明する。
(正極)
まず正極について説明する。
(負極)
負極はシート状の部材であり、例えば負極には、金属リチウム、リチウム合金等を用いることができる。また、銅などの金属箔集電体の表面に、負極合材ペーストを塗布、乾燥して負極を形成することもできる。
(セパレータ)
セパレータは、正極と負極との間に挟み込んで配置されるものであり、正極と負極とを分離し、電解液を保持する機能を有している。
(電解液)
電解液は、支持塩としてのリチウム塩を有機溶媒に溶解したものである。
[実施例1]
(ニッケル複合酸化物の製造)
以下の手順により、ニッケル複合酸化物を製造した。
(1)炭素含有量
得られたニッケル複合酸化物について、炭素分析装置(LECO社製 型式:CS-600)を用いて、高周波燃焼-赤外吸収法で測定したところ、0.07質量%であることが確認できた。
(2)ニッケル複合酸化物の粒子の表面に存在するアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウムが、ニッケル複合酸化物に占める質量割合
また、得られたニッケル複合酸化物について、ニッケル複合酸化物の粒子の表面に存在するアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウムが、ニッケル複合酸化物に占める質量割合を算出したところ、1.4質量%であることが確認できた。
=(Albefore-Alafter)/W×100 ・・・(1)
なお、上記式(1)中の、Albefore、Alafter、Wは、それぞれ以下の意味を有する。
Albefore:水洗前のニッケル複合酸化物に含まれるアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウム含有量
Alafter:水洗後のニッケル複合酸化物に含まれるアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウム含有量
W:水洗前のニッケル複合酸化物の単位質量
(3)比表面積
得られたニッケル複合酸化物の比表面積を全自動比表面積測定装置(マウンテック社製 型式:Macsorb HM model-1220)により評価したところ58.4m2/gであった。なお、以下の他の実施例、比較例においても比表面積は同じ装置を用いて評価を行っている。
(リチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造)
以下の手順により、リチウム化合物と、上述のニッケル複合酸化物との混合物を調製した(混合工程)。
(非水系電解質二次電池の製造)
得られたリチウムニッケル複合酸化物を正極活物質として用いた正極を有する二次電池を作製し、その性能(充電容量、反応抵抗、サイクル特性)を評価した。正極活物質の評価には、図1に示す2032型コイン電池10を使用した。
[実施例2~実施例4]
ニッケル複合酸化物を製造する際、ニッケル複合水酸化物の焙焼温度を表1に示すように変更した点以外は実施例1と同様にしてニッケル複合酸化物を作製し、その評価を行った。なお、実施例2~実施例4においても焙焼工程後、Ni0.88Co0.09Al0.03Oで表されるニッケル複合酸化物が得られた。
[比較例1~比較例3]
ニッケル複合酸化物を製造する際、ニッケル複合水酸化物の焙焼温度を表1に示すように変更した点以外は実施例1と同様にしてニッケル複合酸化物を作製し、その評価を行った。
[実施例5~実施例9]
ニッケル複合酸化物を製造する際、ニッケル複合水酸化物として晶析法により調製したNi0.91Co0.045Al0.045(OH)2を用意し、該ニッケル複合水酸化物を用いた点と、ニッケル複合水酸化物の焙焼温度、昇温速度、焙焼時間(保持時間)を表1に示すように変更した点以外は実施例1と同様にしてニッケル複合酸化物を作製し、その評価を行った。なお、実施例5~実施例9ではいずれも焙焼工程後には、Ni0.91Co0.045Al0.045Oで表されるニッケル複合酸化物が得られた。
[比較例4]
ニッケル複合酸化物を製造する際、ニッケル複合水酸化物の焙焼温度、昇温速度、保持時間を表1に示すように変更した点以外は実施例5と同様にしてニッケル複合酸化物を作製し、その評価を行った。
以上の結果から、ニッケル複合酸化物由来の炭素が、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物の反応抵抗に影響を及ぼしていることを確認できた。そして、原料となるニッケル複合酸化物の炭素含有量を抑制することで、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物を非水系電解質二次電池とした場合に反応抵抗を抑制し、高出力の電池にできることを確認できた。
Claims (3)
- 炭素含有量が0.15質量%以下であるニッケル複合酸化物。
- 前記ニッケル複合酸化物の粒子の表面に存在するアルミニウム化合物のアルミニウムが、前記ニッケル複合酸化物に占める質量割合が1.5質量%以上7.0質量%以下である請求項1に記載のニッケル複合酸化物。
- 請求項1または2に記載のニッケル複合酸化物と、リチウム化合物との混合物を調製する混合工程と、
前記混合物を焼成する焼成工程とを有するリチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18869830.2A EP3702330A4 (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2018-10-25 | COMPOSITE NICKEL OXIDE AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LITHIUM-NICKEL COMPOSITE OXIDE |
KR1020207011531A KR102353564B1 (ko) | 2017-10-26 | 2018-10-25 | 니켈 복합 산화물 및 리튬 니켈 복합 산화물 제조방법 |
US16/758,215 US11133504B2 (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2018-10-25 | Nickel complex oxide and method of manufacturing lithium nickel complex oxide |
JP2019550299A JP6958629B2 (ja) | 2017-10-26 | 2018-10-25 | ニッケル複合酸化物、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物の製造方法 |
CN201880068584.2A CN111247101B (zh) | 2017-10-26 | 2018-10-25 | 镍复合氧化物和锂镍复合氧化物的制造方法 |
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WO2021262492A1 (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-30 | Dow Silicones Corporation | Composition and method for silyl hydride reaction catalyzed by fluorinated arylborane lewis acids |
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US11133504B2 (en) | 2021-09-28 |
CN111247101B (zh) | 2023-03-07 |
CN111247101A (zh) | 2020-06-05 |
JP6958629B2 (ja) | 2021-11-02 |
KR102353564B1 (ko) | 2022-01-20 |
JPWO2019082992A1 (ja) | 2020-11-19 |
KR20200057054A (ko) | 2020-05-25 |
EP3702330A4 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
EP3702330A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
US20200287214A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
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