WO2019051758A1 - 时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站 - Google Patents

时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019051758A1
WO2019051758A1 PCT/CN2017/101854 CN2017101854W WO2019051758A1 WO 2019051758 A1 WO2019051758 A1 WO 2019051758A1 CN 2017101854 W CN2017101854 W CN 2017101854W WO 2019051758 A1 WO2019051758 A1 WO 2019051758A1
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Prior art keywords
delay
path
information
port
sending
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PCT/CN2017/101854
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周宝龙
胡宏杰
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/101854 priority Critical patent/WO2019051758A1/zh
Publication of WO2019051758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019051758A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a delay difference measurement method, apparatus, user equipment, and a base station.
  • a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is a transmission port composed of a plurality of transmitting antennas at a transmitting end, and a receiving port composed of a plurality of receiving antennas at a receiving end.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • precoding technology when using MIMO system to transmit information, precoding technology is usually adopted at present.
  • the base station sends measurement pilots to the user equipments through the respective sending ports, and after receiving the measurement pilots, the user equipment determines, according to the measurement pilots, a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) that matches each of the transmission channels. And then, the PMI is fed back to the base station; when the information needs to be sent to the user equipment, the base station performs precoding processing on the information to be sent by the PMI, and then transmits the pre-coded information to the user equipment through each sending port.
  • PMI precoding matrix indicator
  • the inventor finds that when the base station sends measurement pilots to the user equipment through the respective sending ports, there are often different delays between the sending ports, that is, through the sending ports.
  • the transmitted measurement pilot arrives at the user equipment, there is a different delay difference.
  • the user equipment cannot determine the delay difference, and the PMI determined by the user equipment is less matched with the actual transmission channel, and the performance of the precoding technology is degraded.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method, a device, a user equipment, and a base station for measuring a delay difference.
  • a base station sends a message to a user equipment by using a precoding technology
  • different delays often exist between the sending ports.
  • the user equipment cannot determine the problem of the delay difference.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring a delay difference, including:
  • the user equipment performs channel estimation on the measurement pilot sent by the base station, and acquires a frequency domain response of the measurement pilot.
  • the user equipment processes the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot, and acquires a power delay spectrum of each transmission port in the base station;
  • the user equipment performs a first-path search on the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports, and obtains a first path of each of the sending ports, where a first path of each sending port is multipath information sent by the sending port, The time when the user equipment is first reached;
  • the user equipment calculates a difference between a first path of the non-target sending port and a first path of the target sending port, where the difference is used as a delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port, where the The target sending port is one of the base stations, and the non-target sending port is sent by the base station except the target.
  • the delay difference measurement method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the delay difference between the transmission ports, thereby solving the problem that the user equipment cannot determine the delay difference of each transmission port in the prior art.
  • the user equipment processes a frequency domain response of the measurement pilot, and acquires a power delay spectrum of each sending port in the base station, including :
  • the power delay spectrum of each sending port can be obtained, so that the first path of each sending port is determined according to the power delay spectrum of each sending port.
  • the user equipment performs a first-path search on a power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports, and obtains a first path of each of the sending ports, including:
  • the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports is periodically extended according to the number of pilot subcarriers
  • the strongest path search on the power delay spectrum after the period extension according to the preset strongest search window, and searching for the strongest path in the power delay spectrum after the period extension, wherein the strongest path
  • the path is the position with the largest amplitude in the power delay spectrum
  • Determining a first-path search window according to the most powerful path and performing a first-path search on the power-delayed spectrum after the cycle extension according to the first-path search window to obtain a target position, where, if the first-path search is performed, To the power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first-path threshold, the position of the first power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first-path threshold is taken as the target position, and if the preset exceeds the preset a power delay spectrum of the path threshold, where the position of the strongest path is the target position;
  • the target position is adjusted according to a ratio of a sample period of the measurement pilot to a sample period of the OFDM symbol, and the adjusted position is used as a first path.
  • the first path of each transmission port can be obtained.
  • the method further includes:
  • the ratio of the sample period according to the measurement pilot to the sample period of the OFDM symbol is The target position is adjusted, and the adjusted position is taken as the first path, including:
  • n ahead is a preset adjustment threshold
  • the product after the advancement is calculated as the product of the ratio, and the position indicated by the product is taken as the first diameter.
  • the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect further includes:
  • each time delay is used according to the delay difference.
  • the to-be-sent information of the transmitting port and the measurement pilot perform corresponding delay compensation.
  • the base station since the base station performs corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each transmitting port, the user equipment can determine the PMI of the more matching transmission channel, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the pre-coding technique.
  • the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect further includes:
  • Transmitting the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI to the base station so that after the base station receives the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, the base station sends information to each sending port according to the delay difference. Or delay compensation for the information to be sent and the measurement pilot of each transmission port.
  • the base station can obtain the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, and the base station can perform delay compensation on the to-be-sent information of each sending port according to the delay difference, and obtain the delay-compensated to be sent.
  • the information is pre-coded according to the PMI after the delay compensation, and the information to be transmitted after the measurement of the pilot and the delay is transmitted, and then the pre-coded measurement pilot and the information to be transmitted are transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the pre-coded information obtained by the user equipment is compensated by delay, and the PMI used by the base station for pre-coding processing is also subjected to delay compensation, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the pre-coding technique.
  • the base station may delay the information to be sent of each sending port according to the delay difference, obtain the information to be sent after the delay compensation, and Performing delay compensation on the measurement pilot by the delay difference, acquiring the measurement pilot after the delay compensation, and then, according to the delay compensation, the PMI delays the information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation.
  • Perform precoding processing to transmit the pre-coded information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot to the user equipment.
  • the base station since the base station also performs delay compensation on the measurement pilot, the delay difference between the transmission ports calculated by the user equipment is smaller and smaller, so that the delay difference between the transmission ports is corrected. .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring a delay difference, including:
  • the base station sends the measurement pilot to the user equipment through each sending port;
  • the base station receives a delay difference between the respective sending ports transmitted by the user equipment, where a delay difference between the respective sending ports is determined based on the measurement pilot.
  • the base station can acquire the delay difference between the respective transmission ports.
  • the method further includes:
  • the pre-coded information is transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the base station since the base station performs corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each transmitting port, the user equipment can determine the PMI of the more matching transmission channel, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the pre-coding technique.
  • the method further includes:
  • the pre-coded information is transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the pre-coded information acquired by the user equipment is compensated by delay, and the PMI used by the base station for pre-coding processing is also subjected to delay compensation, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the pre-coding technique.
  • the method further includes:
  • the pre-coded information is transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the base station since the base station also performs delay compensation on the measurement pilot, the delay difference between the respective transmission ports calculated by the user equipment is smaller and smaller, so that the delay difference between the respective transmission ports is corrected.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a delay difference measuring device, including:
  • a channel estimation module configured to perform channel estimation on a measurement pilot sent by the base station, and acquire a frequency domain response of the measurement pilot
  • the response processing module is configured to process the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot to obtain a power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports in the base station;
  • a first path obtaining module configured to perform a first path search on the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports, and obtain a first path of each sending port, where a first path of each sending port is the sending port The time of the first multi-path information sent to the user equipment;
  • a delay difference calculation module configured to calculate a difference between a first path of the non-target sending port and a first path of the target sending port, where the difference is used as a delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port,
  • the target sending port is one of the sending ports of the base station, and the non-target sending port is a sending port of the base station except the target sending port.
  • the response processing module includes:
  • a response acquiring unit configured to perform inverse fast Fourier transform on a frequency domain response of each measurement pilot received through the same transmission channel, to obtain a time domain impulse response of each receiving antenna
  • a normalization processing unit configured to acquire a power delay spectrum of each of the receiving antennas according to a time domain impulse response of each of the receiving antennas, and collect an average value of the power delay spectrum of each of the receiving antennas, according to the foregoing An average value of the power delay spectrum of the receiving antenna, and a power-delayed power delay spectrum;
  • the accumulating unit is configured to non-coherently accumulate the energy-synchronized spectrum of the energy normalized by the same set of measurement pilots, obtain the accumulated result of each receiving antenna, and accumulate the received antennas corresponding to the same transmitting port. Merging, obtaining the combined result of each sending port, where the measurement pilots received by one receiving antenna from the same sending port are the same set of measuring pilots;
  • the in-phase filtering unit is configured to perform in-phase filtering on the combined result of different subframes corresponding to the same sending port, and use the filtered result as the power delay spectrum of the sending port.
  • the first path obtaining module includes:
  • a period extension unit configured to periodically extend a power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports according to the number of pilot subcarriers after acquiring the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports;
  • the strongest path search unit is configured to perform the strongest path search on the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension according to the preset strongest search window, and find the strongest power delay spectrum after the cycle extension a path, wherein the strongest path is a position having the largest amplitude in the power delay spectrum;
  • a first path search unit configured to determine a first path search window according to the most powerful path, and perform a first path search on the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension according to the first path search window to obtain a target position, where If the power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first-path threshold is found through the first-path search, the position of the first power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first-path threshold is taken as the target position, if not Finding a power delay spectrum exceeding a preset first-path threshold, and using the position where the strongest path is located as a target position;
  • the position adjustment unit is configured to adjust the target position according to a ratio of a sample period of the measurement pilot to a sample period of the OFDM symbol, and use the adjusted position as a first path.
  • the method further includes:
  • a comparing unit configured to: after finding the strongest path in the power delay spectrum after the period extension, compare the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path with a preset maximum strong path threshold Comparison
  • the first path searching unit is further mobilized to perform an operation of determining the first path search window according to the strongest path.
  • the location adjustment unit includes:
  • a first determining unit configured to calculate a product of the target position and the ratio, and use the position indicated by the product as a first path;
  • a position advancement unit configured to advance the target position by n ahead sampling points to obtain a position after advancement, wherein n ahead is a preset adjustment threshold;
  • a second determining unit configured to calculate a product of the position after the advancement and the ratio, and use the position indicated by the product as the first path.
  • the third possible implementation manner of the third aspect further includes:
  • a first transmission module configured to: after acquiring a delay difference between the non-target transmission port and the target transmission port, transmit the delay difference to a base station, so that the base station receives the delay difference, according to the The delay difference performs corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each transmitting port.
  • the sixth possible implementation manner of the third aspect further includes:
  • a delay compensation module configured to perform corresponding delay compensation on the information sent by each of the received sending ports after acquiring a delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port;
  • a PMI determining module configured to determine a precoding matrix index PMI after delay compensation according to the information after the delay compensation
  • a second transmission module configured to transmit, to the base station, the PMI after the delay difference and the delay compensation, so that after the base station receives the PMI after the delay difference and the delay compensation, according to the delay difference.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a delay difference measuring device, including:
  • a pilot sending module configured to send a measurement pilot to the user equipment by using each sending port
  • a delay difference receiving module configured to receive a delay difference between the respective sending ports that are transmitted by the user equipment, where a delay difference between the sending ports is determined based on the measurement pilot.
  • the method further includes:
  • a first time delay compensation module configured to perform corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each sending port according to the delay difference
  • a first pre-coding processing module configured to perform pre-coding processing on the information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation, and obtain the information after the pre-coding processing
  • the first information sending module is configured to transmit the pre-coded processed information to the user equipment.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second time delay compensation module is configured to perform delay compensation on the to-be-sent information of each sending port according to the delay difference after acquiring the PMI after the delay of the delay of the transmission of the user equipment, and obtain the delay to be sent after the delay compensation is obtained. information;
  • a second pre-coding processing module configured to perform pre-coding processing on the measurement pilot and the information to be transmitted after the delay compensation according to the PMI after the delay compensation, to obtain the information after the pre-coding processing
  • the second information sending module is configured to transmit the pre-coded processed information to the user equipment.
  • the method further includes:
  • the third delay compensation module is configured to perform delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each sending port according to the delay difference after acquiring the PMI after the delay compensation of the user equipment, and obtain the delay After compensation The information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation;
  • a third pre-coding processing module configured to pre-code the to-be-sent information and the delay-compensated measurement pilot after the delay compensation according to the PMI after the delay compensation, and obtain the pre-coding process information
  • the third information sending module is configured to transmit the pre-coded processed information to the user equipment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a user equipment, including: a transceiver port, a processor, and a memory connected to the processor;
  • the transceiver port is configured to send and receive information to and from the base station, and transmit information received from the base station to the processor;
  • the memory stores instructions executable by the processor
  • the processor is configured to obtain a packet transmitted by the transceiver port, and implement the delay difference measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by executing a program or an instruction stored in the memory.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a base station, including: a transceiver port, a processor, and a memory connected to the processor;
  • the transceiver port is configured to send and receive information to and from the user equipment, and transmit information received from the user equipment to the processor;
  • the memory stores instructions executable by the processor
  • the processor is configured to obtain a packet transmitted by the transceiver port, and implement the delay difference measurement method according to any one of claims 8 to 11 by executing a program or an instruction stored in the memory.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of the first aspect when the instruction is run on a computer.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of the second aspect when the instruction is run on a computer.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium may store a program, and when the program is executed, part or all of the embodiments of the delay difference measurement method provided by the first aspect may be implemented. step.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium may store a program, where the program may implement part or all of the embodiments of the delay difference measurement method provided by the second aspect. step.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a method, a device, a user equipment and a base station for measuring a delay difference.
  • the base station sends a measurement pilot to the user equipment by using each of the sending ports; after receiving the measurement pilot, the user equipment performs channel estimation on the measurement pilot sent by the base station, and acquires a frequency domain response of the measurement pilot;
  • the user equipment processes the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot, obtains a power delay spectrum of each transmission port in the base station, and performs a first path search on the power delay spectrum of each transmission port to obtain a first path of each transmission port;
  • the user equipment determines the delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port by calculating the difference between the first path of the non-target sending port and the first path of the target sending port, thereby obtaining a delay difference between the sending ports.
  • the delay difference between the sending ports can be obtained, thereby solving the problem that the user equipment cannot determine the delay difference of each sending port in the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of a method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a working flow of acquiring a power delay spectrum of each transmitting port in a method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a workflow for obtaining a first path of each sending port in a method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another workflow for obtaining a first path of each transmission port in a method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a workflow for performing delay compensation in a method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of another method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of another method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of another method for measuring a delay difference according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a delay difference measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of still another delay difference measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the delay difference measurement method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step S11 The user equipment performs channel estimation on the measurement pilot sent by the base station, and acquires a frequency domain response of the measurement pilot.
  • the base station usually loads the measurement pilots in the subcarriers, and then transmits the subcarriers loaded with the measurement pilots to the user equipment through the respective sending ports, so that the user equipment acquires the measurement pilots transmitted by the respective sending ports.
  • the obtained channel estimation result is the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot.
  • Step S12 The user equipment processes the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot to obtain a power delay spectrum of each transmission port in the base station.
  • Step S13 The user equipment performs a first path search on the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports, and obtains a first path of each sending port, where a first path of each sending port is a multipath sent by the sending port. The time at which the user equipment was first reached in the message.
  • the first path is the first information sent by a certain sending port. The time at which the port was received.
  • Step S14 The user equipment calculates a difference between a first path of the non-target sending port and a first path of the target sending port, where the difference is used as a delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port, where , said The target sending port is one of the sending ports of the base station, and the non-target sending port is a sending port of the base station other than the target sending port.
  • the target sending port may be any one of a plurality of sending ports of the base station.
  • the sending port that first transmits the information to the user equipment ie, the receiving antenna
  • the first path of a certain sending port indicates the multipath sent by the sending port.
  • the transmission port with the smallest first path is the transmission port that first sends the information to the user equipment. Therefore, the transmission port with the smallest first path is usually selected as the target transmission port.
  • other transmission ports than the target transmission port are used as non-target transmission ports.
  • the difference between the first path of the non-target sending port and the first path of the target sending port is calculated, where the difference is the delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port.
  • the delay difference can be calculated by the following formula:
  • ⁇ j represents the delay difference between the non-target transmission port j and the target transmission port
  • N First1 represents the first path of the target transmission port
  • N Firstj represents the first path of the non-target transmission port j
  • N Tx represents the transmission port.
  • a method for measuring a delay difference is disclosed in the step S11 to the step S14, in which the user equipment performs channel estimation on the measurement pilot transmitted by the base station, and acquires a frequency domain response of the measurement pilot.
  • the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot is processed to obtain a power delay spectrum of each transmission port in the base station; the first path search is performed on the power delay spectrum of each transmission port, and the first path of each transmission port is obtained;
  • the difference between the first path of the non-target sending port and the first path of the target sending port determines the delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port, thereby obtaining the delay difference between the sending ports.
  • the delay difference measurement method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the delay difference between the respective transmission ports, thereby solving the problem that the user equipment cannot determine the delay difference of each transmission port in the prior art.
  • the present invention discloses a second embodiment.
  • the user equipment processes the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot, and acquires a power delay spectrum of each transmission port in the base station, including the following steps:
  • Step S21 Perform an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) on the frequency domain response of each measurement pilot received through the same transmission channel, and obtain a time domain impulse response of each receiving antenna.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • a transmission channel is a transmission channel between the transmission port and its corresponding receiving antenna.
  • the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot is a channel estimation result obtained after performing channel estimation on the measurement pilot. If the channel estimation is based on Least Square (LS), the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot can be expressed as
  • the measurement pilot is usually loaded in the subcarrier, that is, the measurement pilot is distributed in multiple subframes, and each subframe is usually divided by multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the pilot subcarrier is a subcarrier loaded with a measurement pilot in an OFDM symbol.
  • the user equipment After receiving the information sent by the base station, the user equipment can obtain the frequency domain response of each measurement pilot through channel estimation. Then, the fast Fourier transform IFFT is performed on the frequency domain response according to the number of pilot subcarriers in the OFDM symbol. Wherein, the number of pilot subcarriers of the OFDM symbol is available. Said that after After performing the inverse fast Fourier transform, the obtained time domain impulse response is h ij (n sf , n, l), and h ij (n sf , n, l) represents the measurement guide transmitted when the receiving antenna i receives the transmission port j.
  • the frequency domain time, the time domain impulse response of the OFDM symbol in the n sf subframe received by the receiving antenna i in the time domain sampling point n, and the number of time domain sampling points n is
  • Step S22 Obtain a power delay spectrum of each receiving antenna according to a time domain impulse response of each receiving antenna, and collect an average value of power delay spectra of the respective receiving antennas, according to the receiving antennas of the respective receiving antennas.
  • the average of the power delay spectrum is obtained from the energy-synchronized power delay spectrum.
  • the power delay spectrum of each receiving antenna can be obtained by:
  • ⁇ ij (n sf , n, l) h ij (n sf , n, l) * conj (h ij (n sf , n, l)).
  • ⁇ ij (n sf , n, l) represents that when the receiving antenna i receives the measurement pilot transmitted by the transmission port j, the OFDM symbol in which the first measurement pilot in the n sf subframe received by the receiving antenna i is located is The power delay spectrum at time n sample point n.
  • the power delay spectrum of each receiving antenna needs to be energy normalized.
  • the average value of the power delay spectrum of each receiving antenna is first counted.
  • the average value of the power delay spectrum of each receiving antenna can be counted as follows:
  • ⁇ ij (n sf , n, l) represents that the first measurement pilot in the n sf subframe received by the receiving antenna i is in the time domain sampling point when the receiving antenna i receives the measurement pilot transmitted by the transmission port j.
  • the energy on the n normalizes the power delay spectrum.
  • Step S23 Perform non-coherent accumulation on the energy-synchronized spectrum of the energy normalized by the same set of measurement pilots, obtain the accumulated result of each receiving antenna, and combine the accumulated results of the receiving antennas corresponding to the same sending port. Obtaining the combined result of each sending port, wherein the measurement pilots received by one receiving antenna from the same sending port are the same set of measurement pilots.
  • non-coherent accumulation can be performed by the following formula:
  • ⁇ ij (n sf , n) represents that when the receiving antenna i receives the measurement pilot transmitted by the transmission port j, the L measurement pilots corresponding to the n sf subframe received by the reception antenna i are at the time domain point n.
  • Non-coherent accumulation results.
  • the accumulated results of the respective receiving antennas corresponding to the same transmitting port may be combined by the following formula:
  • ⁇ j (n sf , n) represents the result of combining the measurement pilots corresponding to the n sf subframes at the time domain point n when the transmission port j transmits the measurement pilot
  • N Rx is the receiving antenna corresponding to the transmission port j. The number.
  • Step S24 Perform in-phase filtering on the combined result of different subframes corresponding to the same sending port, and use the filtered result as the power delay spectrum of the sending port.
  • the in-phase filtering operation in step S24 generally obtains an in-phase filtered filter value by accumulating the combined result corresponding to the average N fliter subframes in units of subframes.
  • in-phase filtering can be performed by the following formula:
  • the measurement pilot is composed of a plurality of subframes.
  • n denotes a time domain sampling point
  • j denotes a number of a transmission port transmitting a measurement pilot
  • ⁇ av,j (n) denotes a power delay spectrum of the transmission port j.
  • the power delay spectrum of each transmitting port can be obtained, so that the first path of each transmitting port is determined according to the power delay spectrum of each transmitting port.
  • the present invention discloses a third embodiment.
  • the user equipment performs a first-path search on the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports, and obtains the first path of each of the sending ports, including the following steps:
  • Step S31 After acquiring the power delay spectrum of each transmitting port, according to the number of pilot subcarriers The power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports is periodically extended.
  • the cycle extension can be performed by the following formula:
  • Step S32 Perform a strongest path search on the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension according to the preset strongest search window, and find the strongest path in the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension, where The strongest path is the position with the largest amplitude in the power delay spectrum.
  • the most powerful search window can be expressed as: among them, Number of sampling points of the OFDM symbol, W Max is the strongest path search window length is set in advance, the specific values W Max is set by the skilled person based on application requirements.
  • the strongest path is the position with the largest amplitude in the power delay spectrum. If the position of the strongest path is set to n 0 , the power delay spectrum of the strongest path satisfies the formula:
  • Step S33 determining a first path search window according to the strongest path.
  • the first path search window determined according to the strongest path is usually expressed as: Wherein, W Left is a predetermined first route search window start parameter, W Left particular value is set by the skilled person based on application requirements.
  • Step S34 Perform a first path search on the power delay spectrum after the period extension according to the first path search window, and determine whether a power delay spectrum exceeding a preset first path threshold is found. If yes, the operation of step S35 is performed, and if not, the operation of step S36 is performed.
  • the first path search is usually performed from the heading in the first path search window.
  • the preset first path threshold can be passed It means that the specific value is set by the technician according to the actual application requirements.
  • Step S35 If the first time path search is used, the power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first path threshold is found, and the position of the first power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first path threshold is used as the target position. Then, the operation of step S37 is performed.
  • Step S36 If the first-path search is performed, the power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first-path threshold is not found, and the location where the strongest path is located is taken as the target position, and then the operation of step S37 is performed.
  • Step S37 Adjust the target position according to a ratio of a sample period of the measurement pilot to a sample period of the OFDM symbol, and use the adjusted position as the first path.
  • the sample period of the measurement pilot is not consistent with the sample period of the OFDM symbol, and the sample period and the OFDM symbol according to the measurement pilot need to be used.
  • the ratio of the sample period is adjusted to the target position.
  • the ratio of the sample period of the measurement pilot to the sample period of the OFDM symbol can be passed Representing, wherein N FFT represents a sample period of an OFDM symbol, Indicates the number of pilot subcarriers.
  • step S37 the target position is adjusted according to a ratio of a sample period of the measurement pilot to a sample period of an OFDM symbol, and the adjusted position is used as a first path. Ways to achieve.
  • the target position is adjusted according to a ratio of a sample period of the measurement pilot to a sample period of an OFDM symbol, and the adjusted position is used as a first path, including:
  • a product of the target position and the ratio is calculated, and a position indicated by the product is taken as a first diameter.
  • the target position is adjusted according to the ratio of the sample period of the measurement pilot to the sample period of the OFDM symbol, and the adjusted Location as the first path, including:
  • n ahead is a preset adjustment threshold
  • the product after the advancement is calculated as the product of the ratio, and the position indicated by the product is taken as the first diameter.
  • the position of the first path can be expressed by the following formula:
  • N First, j represents the position of the first path.
  • the target position is advanced by n ahead by the above steps.
  • the specific value of n ahead is determined by the technician according to actual needs.
  • the present invention also discloses a third embodiment.
  • the user equipment performs a first-path search on the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports, and acquires the first path of each of the sending ports, including the following steps:
  • Step S41 After acquiring the power delay spectrum of each transmitting port, according to the number of pilot subcarriers The power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports is periodically extended.
  • Step S42 Perform a strongest path search on the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension according to the most powerful path search window set in advance, and search for the strongest path in the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension, where The strongest path is the position with the largest amplitude in the power delay spectrum.
  • step S41 to the step S42 is the same as the operation process of the step S31 to the step S32, and can be referred to each other, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step S43 after searching for the strongest path in the power delay spectrum after the period extension, comparing the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path with a preset maximum strong path threshold. Determining whether the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path is smaller than the preset maximum strength threshold. If not, performing the operation of step S44, and if yes, performing the operation of step S49.
  • the preset maximum strongest threshold can pass Said.
  • Step S44 If the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path is greater than the preset maximum strongest threshold, determine the first diameter search window according to the strongest path.
  • Step S45 Perform a first path search on the power delay spectrum after the period extension according to the first path search window, and determine whether a power delay spectrum exceeding a preset first path threshold is found. If yes, the operation of step S46 is performed, and if not, the operation of step S47 is performed.
  • Step S46 If the first time path search is used, the power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first path threshold is found, and the position of the first power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first path threshold is used as the target position. Then, the operation of step S48 is performed.
  • Step S47 If the first path search is performed, the power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first path threshold is not found, and The position where the strongest path is located is taken as the target position, and then the operation of step S48 is performed.
  • Step S48 Adjust the target position according to a ratio of a sample period of the measurement pilot to a sample period of the OFDM symbol, and use the adjusted position as the first path.
  • step S44 to the step S48 is the same as the operation process of the step S33 to the step S37, and can be referred to each other, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step S49 If the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path is smaller than the preset maximum strength threshold, that is, End this time difference difference measurement operation.
  • the detection failure identifier may also be output: The operation indicating that the delay difference between the respective transmission ports is detected this time fails.
  • the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path is the strongest preset
  • the path threshold is compared; if the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path is not less than the preset maximum-threshold threshold, performing the operation of determining the first-path search window according to the strongest path If the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path is smaller than the preset maximum strength threshold, it indicates that the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path is small. In this case, the delay between each transmission port is detected. Poor operation failed.
  • the method for measuring the delay difference disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention further includes:
  • each time delay is used according to the delay difference.
  • the to-be-sent information of the transmitting port and the measurement pilot perform corresponding delay compensation.
  • the method for measuring the delay difference disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention further includes:
  • Step S51 After acquiring a delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port, perform corresponding delay compensation on the received information sent by each sending port.
  • Step S52 determining, according to the information after the delay compensation, the precoding matrix index PMI after the delay compensation;
  • Step S53 transmitting, to the base station, the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, so that after the base station receives the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, the base station performs, according to the delay difference, each of the sending ports.
  • the base station After the base station delays the information to be sent or the information to be sent and the measurement pilot of each transmitting port according to the delay difference, the base station acquires the to-be-sent information after the delay compensation or obtains the delay compensation.
  • the information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot are pre-coded according to the PMI after the delay compensation, or the information to be transmitted after the delay compensation, or the information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation are pre-coded. deal with.
  • the user equipment After acquiring the delay difference between the respective sending ports, the user equipment transmits the delay difference to the base station, and transmits the precoding matrix index PMI determined according to the measurement pilot transmitted by the base station to the base station.
  • the base station After receiving the delay difference between the sending ports, the base station performs corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each sending port according to the delay difference, and then according to the PMI pair transmitted by the user equipment.
  • the information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation are subjected to precoding processing, and the pre-coded information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot are transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the user equipment can determine the PMI that better matches the transport channel, thereby improving the pre-programming Algorithmic performance of code technology.
  • the user equipment may perform corresponding delay compensation on the received measurement pilots sent by the respective sending ports, and determine according to the measurement pilots after the delay compensation.
  • the corresponding PMI If the PMI determined by the measurement pilot after the delay compensation is referred to as the PMI after the delay compensation, the user equipment transmits the delay difference and the PMI after the delay compensation to the base station.
  • the base station after receiving the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, the base station performs delay compensation on the information to be sent of each sending port according to the delay difference, and acquires information to be sent after delay compensation. And precoding the measurement pilot and the delay-compensated information according to the PMI after the delay compensation, and then transmitting the pre-coded measurement pilot and the to-be-sent information to the user equipment.
  • the pre-coded information obtained by the user equipment is compensated by delay, and the PMI used by the base station for pre-coding processing is also subjected to delay compensation, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the pre-coding technique.
  • the base station after receiving the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, the base station performs delay compensation on the to-be-sent information of each sending port according to the delay difference, and obtains delay compensation.
  • the information to be transmitted is further compensated by the delay of the measurement pilot according to the delay difference, the measurement pilot after the delay compensation is obtained, and the information to be sent after the delay compensation is compensated by the PMI after the delay compensation
  • the measurement pilot after the delay compensation is pre-coded, and then the pre-coded information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot are transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the pre-coded information obtained by the user equipment is subjected to delay compensation, and the PMI used by the base station to perform precoding processing is also subjected to delay compensation, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the precoding technique.
  • the base station since the base station also performs delay compensation on the measurement pilot, and the user equipment receives the measurement pilot, the delay difference of each transmission port is calculated according to the measurement pilot. In this case, the user equipment calculates the calculated delay. The delay difference between the transmission ports will become smaller and smaller, so that the delay difference between the transmission ports is corrected.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present invention discloses a delay difference measuring method, which is applied to a base station, and the base station can send information to a user equipment through multiple sending ports.
  • the delay difference measurement method disclosed in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step S61 The base station sends the measurement pilot to the user equipment through each sending port.
  • the user equipment After receiving the measurement pilots sent by the respective sending ports, the user equipment acquires the delay difference between the sending ports according to the solution disclosed in the foregoing embodiments.
  • Step S62 The base station receives a delay difference between the sending ports that are sent by the user equipment, where a delay difference between the sending ports is determined based on the measurement pilot.
  • the user equipment After obtaining the delay difference between the sending ports, the user equipment feeds back the delay difference between the sending ports to the base station, so that the base station can also obtain the delay difference between the sending ports.
  • the method for measuring the delay difference disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps:
  • Step S63 After obtaining the PMI after the delay compensation of the user equipment, delaying the delay of the information to be sent of each sending port according to the delay difference, and acquiring the information to be sent after the delay compensation.
  • Step S64 Perform precoding processing on the measurement pilot and the information to be transmitted after the delay compensation according to the PMI after the delay compensation, and obtain the information after the precoding processing;
  • Step S65 The pre-coded information is transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the method for measuring the delay difference disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps:
  • Step S66 After obtaining the PMI after the delay compensation of the user equipment transmission, delay compensation is performed on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each sending port according to the delay difference, and the information to be sent after the delay compensation is obtained. And the measurement pilot after the delay compensation;
  • Step S67 Perform pre-coding processing on the to-be-transmitted information after the delay compensation and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation according to the PMI after the delay compensation, and obtain the information after the pre-coding processing;
  • Step S68 transmitting the pre-coded information to the user equipment.
  • the user equipment After acquiring the delay difference between the respective sending ports, the user equipment transmits the delay difference to the base station, and transmits the precoding matrix index PMI determined according to the measurement pilot transmitted by the base station to the base station.
  • the base station After receiving the delay difference between the sending ports, the base station performs corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each sending port according to the delay difference, and then according to the PMI pair transmitted by the user equipment.
  • the information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation are subjected to precoding processing, and the pre-coded information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot are transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the user equipment can determine the PMI that better matches the transport channel, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the precoding technique.
  • the user equipment may perform corresponding delay compensation on the received measurement pilots sent by the respective sending ports, and determine according to the measurement pilots after the delay compensation.
  • the corresponding PMI If the PMI determined by the measurement pilot after the delay compensation is referred to as the PMI after the delay compensation, the user equipment transmits the delay difference and the PMI after the delay compensation to the base station.
  • the base station after receiving the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, the base station performs delay compensation on the information to be sent of each sending port according to the delay difference, and acquires information to be sent after delay compensation. And precoding the measurement pilot and the delay-compensated information according to the PMI after the delay compensation, and then transmitting the pre-coded measurement pilot and the to-be-sent information to the user equipment.
  • the pre-coded information obtained by the user equipment is compensated by delay, and the PMI used by the base station for pre-coding processing is also subjected to delay compensation, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the pre-coding technique.
  • the base station after receiving the delay difference and the delay-compensated PMI, the base station performs delay compensation on the to-be-sent information of each sending port according to the delay difference, and obtains delay compensation.
  • the information to be transmitted is further compensated by the delay of the measurement pilot according to the delay difference, the measurement pilot after the delay compensation is obtained, and the information to be sent after the delay compensation is compensated by the PMI after the delay compensation
  • the measurement pilot after the delay compensation is pre-coded, and then the pre-coded information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot are transmitted to the user equipment.
  • the pre-coded information obtained by the user equipment is subjected to delay compensation, and the PMI used by the base station to perform precoding processing is also subjected to delay compensation, thereby improving the algorithm performance of the precoding technique.
  • the base station since the base station also performs delay compensation on the measurement pilot, and the user equipment receives the measurement pilot, the delay difference of each transmission port is calculated according to the measurement pilot. In this case, the user equipment calculates the calculated delay. The delay difference between the transmission ports will become smaller and smaller, so that the delay difference between the transmission ports is corrected.
  • the delay difference measuring device includes: a channel estimation module 110, a response processing module 120, a first path acquisition module 130, and a delay difference calculation module 140.
  • the channel estimation module 110 is configured to perform channel estimation on the measurement pilot sent by the base station, and obtain a frequency domain response of the measurement pilot.
  • the response processing module 120 is configured to process the frequency domain response of the measurement pilot to obtain a power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports in the base station;
  • the first path obtaining module 130 is configured to perform a first path search on the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports, and obtain a first path of each sending port, where a first path of each sending port is The time of the multipath information sent by the sending port to reach the user equipment first;
  • the delay difference calculation module 140 is configured to calculate a difference between a first path of the non-target sending port and a first path of the target sending port, where the difference is used as the non-target sending port and the target sending port. a delay, wherein the target sending port is one of the sending ports of the base station, and the non-target sending port is a sending port of the base station other than the target sending port.
  • the delay difference measuring device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the delay difference between the sending ports, thereby solving the problem that the user equipment cannot determine the delay difference of each transmitting port in the prior art.
  • the response processing module includes:
  • a response acquiring unit configured to perform inverse fast Fourier transform on a frequency domain response of each measurement pilot received through the same transmission channel, to obtain a time domain impulse response of each receiving antenna
  • a normalization processing unit configured to acquire a power delay spectrum of each of the receiving antennas according to a time domain impulse response of each of the receiving antennas, and collect an average value of the power delay spectrum of each of the receiving antennas, according to the foregoing An average value of the power delay spectrum of the receiving antenna, and a power-delayed power delay spectrum;
  • the accumulating unit is configured to non-coherently accumulate the energy-synchronized spectrum of the energy normalized by the same set of measurement pilots, obtain the accumulated result of each receiving antenna, and accumulate the received antennas corresponding to the same transmitting port. Merging, obtaining the combined result of each sending port, where the measurement pilots received by one receiving antenna from the same sending port are the same set of measuring pilots;
  • the in-phase filtering unit is configured to perform in-phase filtering on the combined result of different subframes corresponding to the same sending port, and use the filtered result as the power delay spectrum of the sending port.
  • the first path obtaining module includes:
  • a period extension unit configured to periodically extend a power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports according to the number of pilot subcarriers after acquiring the power delay spectrum of each of the sending ports;
  • the strongest path search unit is configured to perform the strongest path search on the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension according to the preset strongest search window, and find the strongest power delay spectrum after the cycle extension a path, wherein the strongest path is a position having the largest amplitude in the power delay spectrum;
  • a first path search unit configured to determine a first path search window according to the most powerful path, and perform a first path search on the power delay spectrum after the cycle extension according to the first path search window to obtain a target position, where If the power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first-path threshold is found through the first-path search, the position of the first power delay spectrum exceeding the preset first-path threshold is taken as the target position, if not Finding a power delay spectrum exceeding a preset first-path threshold, and using the position where the strongest path is located as a target position;
  • the position adjustment unit is configured to adjust the target position according to a ratio of a sample period of the measurement pilot to a sample period of the OFDM symbol, and use the adjusted position as a first path.
  • the method further includes:
  • a comparing unit configured to: after finding the strongest path in the power delay spectrum after the period extension, compare the power delay spectrum corresponding to the strongest path with a preset maximum strong path threshold Comparison
  • the first path searching unit is further mobilized to perform an operation of determining the first path search window according to the strongest path.
  • the position adjusting unit includes:
  • a first determining unit configured to calculate a product of the target position and the ratio, and use the position indicated by the product as a first path;
  • a position advancement unit configured to advance the target position by n ahead sampling points to obtain a position after advancement, wherein n ahead is a preset adjustment threshold;
  • a second determining unit configured to calculate a product of the position after the advancement and the ratio, and use the position indicated by the product as the first path.
  • the method further includes:
  • a first transmission module configured to: after acquiring a delay difference between the non-target transmission port and the target transmission port, transmit the delay difference to a base station, so that the base station receives the delay difference, according to the The delay difference performs corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each transmitting port.
  • the method further includes:
  • a delay compensation module configured to perform corresponding delay compensation on the information sent by each of the received sending ports after acquiring a delay difference between the non-target sending port and the target sending port;
  • a PMI determining module configured to determine a precoding matrix index PMI after delay compensation according to the information after the delay compensation
  • a second transmission module configured to transmit, to the base station, the PMI after the delay difference and the delay compensation, so that after the base station receives the PMI after the delay difference and the delay compensation, according to the delay difference.
  • the delay difference measuring device includes: a pilot transmitting module 210 and a delay difference receiving module 220.
  • the pilot sending module 210 is configured to send a measurement pilot to the user equipment by using each sending port.
  • the delay difference receiving module 220 is configured to receive a delay difference between the sending ports that are sent by the user equipment, where a delay difference between the sending ports is determined based on the measurement pilot .
  • the method further includes:
  • a first time delay compensation module configured to perform corresponding delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each sending port according to the delay difference
  • a first pre-coding processing module configured to perform pre-coding processing on the information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation, and obtain the information after the pre-coding processing
  • the first information sending module is configured to transmit the pre-coded processed information to the user equipment.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second time delay compensation module is configured to perform delay compensation on the to-be-sent information of each sending port according to the delay difference after acquiring the PMI after the delay of the delay of the transmission of the user equipment, and obtain the delay to be sent after the delay compensation is obtained. information;
  • a second pre-coding processing module configured to perform pre-coding processing on the measurement pilot and the information to be transmitted after the delay compensation according to the PMI after the delay compensation, to obtain the information after the pre-coding processing
  • the second information sending module is configured to transmit the pre-coded processed information to the user equipment.
  • the method further includes:
  • the third delay compensation module is configured to perform delay compensation on the to-be-sent information and the measurement pilot of each sending port according to the delay difference after acquiring the PMI after the delay compensation of the user equipment, and obtain the delay The compensated information to be transmitted and the measurement pilot after the delay compensation;
  • a third pre-coding processing module configured to pre-code the to-be-sent information and the delay-compensated measurement pilot after the delay compensation according to the PMI after the delay compensation, and obtain the pre-coding process information
  • the third information sending module is configured to transmit the pre-coded processed information to the user equipment.
  • the user equipment after acquiring the delay difference between the sending ports, the user equipment feeds back the delay difference between the sending ports to the base station, so that the base station can also obtain the time between the sending ports. Delay.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a user equipment, where the user equipment includes: a transceiver port, a processor, and a memory connected to the processor;
  • the transceiver port is configured to send and receive information to and from the base station, and transmit information received from the base station to the processor;
  • the memory stores instructions executable by the processor
  • the processor is configured to acquire a packet transmitted by the transceiver port, and execute a delay difference measurement method disclosed in the method embodiments disclosed in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 by executing a program or an instruction stored in the memory. .
  • an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a base station, where the base station includes: a transceiver port, a processor, and a memory connected to the processor;
  • the transceiver port is configured to send and receive information to and from the user equipment, and transmit information received from the user equipment to the processor;
  • the memory stores instructions executable by the processor
  • the processor is configured to acquire a packet transmitted by the transceiver port, and execute a delay difference measurement method disclosed in the method embodiments disclosed in FIG. 6 to FIG. 8 by executing a program or an instruction stored in the memory. .
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform the delay difference measurement method disclosed in the method embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 1 through 5 when the instructions are run on a computer.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform the delay difference measurement method disclosed in the method embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 6-8 when the instructions are run on a computer.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium
  • the program may be stored with a program that, when executed, may implement some or all of the steps in the delay difference measurement method in the method embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 1 through 5.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium can store a program, and when the program is executed, the delay difference measurement method in the method embodiments disclosed in FIG. 6 to FIG. 8 can be implemented. Some or all of the steps.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).
  • the above method according to the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium such as a CD ROM, a RAM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magneto-optical disk, or can be downloaded through a network.
  • a recording medium such as a CD ROM, a RAM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magneto-optical disk, or can be downloaded through a network.
  • the computer code originally stored in a remote recording medium or non-transitory machine readable medium and to be stored in a local recording medium, whereby the methods described herein can be stored using a general purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated Such software processing on a recording medium of hardware such as an ASIC or an FPGA.
  • a computer, processor, microprocessor controller or programmable hardware includes storage components (eg, RAM, ROM, flash memory, etc.) that can store or receive software or computer code, when the software or computer code is The processing methods described herein are implemented when the processor or hardware is accessed and executed. Moreover, when a general purpose computer accesses code for implementing the processing shown herein, the execution of the code converts the general purpose computer into a special purpose computer for performing the processing shown herein.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开一种时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站，该方法中，用户设备对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；然后对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱；再对各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取各个发送端口的首径；最后通过计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，确定非目标发送端口与目标发送端口的时延差，从而获取各个发送端口之间的时延差。也就是说，通过本发明实施例公开的时延差测量方法，能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差，从而解决现有技术中用户设备无法确定各个发送端口的时延差的问题。

Description

时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站。
背景技术
多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)***，是一种分别在发射端设置由多根发射天线组成的发送端口，以及在接收端设置由多根接收天线组成的接收端口，通过多根发射天线和多根接收天线传输信息的***。通过MIMO***，能够充分利用空间资源，改善通信质量，因此在移动通信领域具有广泛的应用。
其中，在采用MIMO***传输信息时，目前通常采用预编码(precoding)技术。该技术中，基站通过各个发送端口向用户设备发送测量导频，用户设备接收到测量导频后，根据所述测量导频确定与各个传输信道相匹配的预编码矩阵索引(Precoding Matrix Indicator，PMI)，再将该PMI反馈给基站；当需要向用户设备发送信息时，基站根据该PMI对待发送的信息进行预编码处理，然后通过各个发送端口将经过预编码处理后的信息传输至用户设备。通过预编码技术，能够有效抑制多流间的干扰，提高***容量。
但是，发明人在本申请实施例的研究过程中发现，基站在通过各个发送端口向用户设备发送测量导频时，各个发送端口之间往往存在不同的时延，也就是说，通过各个发送端口发送的测量导频到达用户设备时存在不同的时延差，而目前用户设备无法确定该时延差，导致用户设备确定的PMI与实际的传输信道匹配程度降低，预编码技术的算法性能下降。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站，以解决现有技术中基站利用预编码技术向用户设备发送信息时，各个发送端口之间往往存在不同的时延，而用户设备无法确定该时延差的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种时延差测量方法，包括：
用户设备对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；
所述用户设备对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱；
所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，其中，每个发送端口的首径为该发送端口发送的多径信息中，最先到达所述用户设备的时间；
所述用户设备计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，将所述差值作为所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差，其中，所述目标发送端口为所述基站中的一个发送端口，所述非目标发送端口为所述基站中除所述目标发送 端口以外的其他发送端口。
通过本发明实施例公开的时延差测量方法，能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差，从而解决现有技术中用户设备无法确定各个发送端口的时延差的问题。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述用户设备对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱，包括：
对通过相同传输信道接收到的各个测量导频的频域响应进行快速傅里叶逆变换，获取各条接收天线的时域冲击响应；
根据各条接收天线的时域冲击响应，获取各条接收天线的功率时延谱，并统计所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，根据所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，获取能量归一的功率时延谱；
对同一组测量导频对应的能量归一的功率时延谱进行非相干累加，获取各条接收天线的累加结果，并对相同发送端口对应的各条接收天线的累加结果进行合并，获取各个发送端口的合并结果，其中，一条接收天线接收到的来自同一个发送端口的测量导频为同一组测量导频；
对同一个发送端口对应的不同子帧的合并结果进行同相滤波，将滤波后的结果作为所述发送端口的功率时延谱。
通过上述步骤，能够获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱，以便后续根据各个发送端口的功率时延谱，确定各个发送端口的首径。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第二种可能的实现方式中，所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，包括：
在获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱后，根据导频子载波的个数，分别对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行周期延拓；
根据预先设置的最强径搜索窗，对周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行最强径搜索，查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径，其中，所述最强径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置；
根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗，并根据所述首径搜索窗对所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取目标位置，其中，若通过首径搜索，查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将第一个超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱所在的位置作为目标位置，若未查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将所述最强径所在的位置作为目标位置；
根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径。
通过上述步骤，能够获取各个发送端口的首径。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
在所述查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径之后，将所述最强径对应的功率时延谱与预设的最强径门限值相比较；
若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱大于所述预设的最强径门限值，再执行所述根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗的操作。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径，包括：
计算所述目标位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径；
或者，
将所述目标位置提前nahead个采样点，获取提前之后的位置，其中，nahead为预设的调整阈值；
计算提前之后的位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径。
结合第一方面，结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，结合第一方面第三种可能的实现方式，结合第一方面第四种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第五种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿。
通过上述步骤，由于基站对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿，因此，用户设备能够确定更匹配传输信道的PMI，从而提高预编码技术的算法性能。
结合第一方面，结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，结合第一方面第三种可能的实现方式，结合第一方面第四种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第六种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，对接收到的各个发送端口发送的信息进行相应的时延补偿；
根据时延补偿后的信息确定时延补偿后的预编码矩阵索引PMI；
向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息或对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行时延补偿。
通过上述步骤，基站能够获取时延差和时延补偿后的PMI，并且，基站能够根据根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息，并根据时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频以及时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，再将预编码处理后的测量导频和待发送信息传输至用户设备。这种情况下，由于用户设备获取到的预编码处理后的信息经过了时延补偿，并且基站进行预编码处理时采用的PMI也经过了时延补偿，从而能够提高预编码技术的算法性能。
或者，基站在获取时延差和时延补偿后的PMI之后，能够根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息，并且，根据所述时延差对测量导频进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的测量导频，再根据时延补偿后的PMI对时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，将预编码处理后的待发送信息和测量导频传输至用户设备。这种情况下，由于基站对测量导频也进行了时延补偿，用户设备计算得到的各个发送端口之间时延差会越来越小，从而使各个发送端口之间的时延差得到修正。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种时延差测量方法，包括：
基站通过各个发送端口，向用户设备发送测量导频；
所述基站接收所述用户设备传输的所述各个发送端口之间的时延差，其中，所述各个发送端口之间的时延差基于所述测量导频确定。
通过上述步骤，基站能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差。
结合第二方面，在第二方面第一种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿；
对时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
通过上述步骤，由于基站对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿，因此，用户设备能够确定更匹配传输信道的PMI，从而提高预编码技术的算法性能。
结合第二方面，在第二方面第二种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息；
根据所述时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频和所述时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
通过上述步骤，由于用户设备获取到的预编码处理后的信息经过了时延补偿，并且基站进行预编码处理时采用的PMI也经过了时延补偿，从而能够提高预编码技术的算法性能。
结合第二方面，在第二方面第三种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频分别进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频；
根据所述时延补偿后的PMI，对所述时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
通过上述步骤，由于基站对测量导频也进行了时延补偿，用户设备计算得到的各个发送端口之间时延差会越来越小，从而使各个发送端口之间的时延差得到修正。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种时延差测量装置，包括：
信道估计模块，用于对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；
响应处理模块，用于对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱；
首径获取模块，用于所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，其中，每个发送端口的首径为该发送端口发送的多径信息中，最先到达所述用户设备的时间；
时延差计算模块，用于计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，将所述差值作为所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差，其中，所述目标发送端口为所述基站中的一个发送端口，所述非目标发送端口为所述基站中除所述目标发送端口以外的其他发送端口。
结合第三方面，在第三方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述响应处理模块包括：
响应获取单元，用于对通过相同传输信道接收到的各个测量导频的频域响应进行快速傅里叶逆变换，获取各条接收天线的时域冲击响应；
归一处理单元，用于根据各条接收天线的时域冲击响应，获取各条接收天线的功率时延谱，并统计所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，根据所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，获取能量归一的功率时延谱；
累加合并单元，用于对同一组测量导频对应的能量归一的功率时延谱进行非相干累加，获取各条接收天线的累加结果，并对相同发送端口对应的各条接收天线的累加结果进行合并，获取各个发送端口的合并结果，其中，一条接收天线接收到的来自同一个发送端口的测量导频为同一组测量导频；
同相滤波单元，用于对同一个发送端口对应的不同子帧的合并结果进行同相滤波，将滤波后的结果作为所述发送端口的功率时延谱。
结合第三方面，在第三方面第二种可能的实现方式中，所述首径获取模块包括：
周期延拓单元，用于在获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱后，根据导频子载波的个数，分别对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行周期延拓；
最强径查找单元，用于根据预先设置的最强径搜索窗，对周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行最强径搜索，查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径，其中，所述最强径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置；
首径搜索单元，用于根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗，并根据所述首径搜索窗对所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取目标位置，其中，若通过首径搜索，查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将第一个超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱所在的位置作为目标位置，若未查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将所述最强径所在的位置作为目标位置；
位置调整单元，用于根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径。
结合第三方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第三种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
比较单元，用于在所述查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径之后，将所述最强径对应的功率时延谱与预设的最强径门限值相比较；
若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱大于所述预设的最强径门限值，再调动所述首径搜索单元执行根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗的操作。
结合第三方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述位置调整单元包括：
第一确定单元，用于计算所述目标位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径；
或者，
位置提前单元，用于将所述目标位置提前nahead个采样点，获取提前之后的位置，其中，nahead为预设的调整阈值；
第二确定单元，用于计算提前之后的位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径。
结合第三方面，结合第三方面第一种可能的实现方式，结合第三方面第二种可能的实现方式，结合第三方面第三种可能的实现方式，结合第三方面第四种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第五种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
第一传输模块，用于在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿。
结合第三方面，结合第三方面第一种可能的实现方式，结合第三方面第二种可能的实现方式，结合第三方面第三种可能的实现方式，结合第三方面第四种可能的实现方式，在第三方面第六种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
时延补偿模块，用于在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，对接收到的各个发送端口发送的信息进行相应的时延补偿；
PMI确定模块，用于根据时延补偿后的信息确定时延补偿后的预编码矩阵索引PMI；
第二传输模块，用于向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息或对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行时延补偿。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种时延差测量装置，包括：
导频发送模块，用于通过各个发送端口，向用户设备发送测量导频；
时延差接收模块，用于接收所述用户设备传输的所述各个发送端口之间的时延差，其中，所述各个发送端口之间的时延差基于所述测量导频确定。
结合第四方面，在第四方面第一种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
第一时延补偿模块，用于根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿；
第一预编码处理模块，用于对时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
第一信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面第二种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
第二时延补偿模块，用于在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息；
第二预编码处理模块，用于根据所述时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频和所述时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
第二信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
结合第四方面，在第四方面第三种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
第三时延补偿模块，用于在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频分别进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后 的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频；
第三预编码处理模块，用于根据所述时延补偿后的PMI，对所述时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
第三信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用户设备，包括：收发端口、处理器和与所述处理器相连接的存储器；
其中，所述收发端口用于和基站之间进行信息的收发，并将从所述基站接收的信息传输至处理器；
所述存储器存储有可被所述处理器执行的指令；
所述处理器用于获取所述收发端口传输的报文，并通过执行所述存储器中所存储的程序或指令，实现权利要求1至权利要求7任一项所述的时延差测量方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种基站，包括：收发端口、处理器和与所述处理器相连接的存储器；
其中，所述收发端口用于和用户设备之间进行信息的收发，并将从所述用户设备接收的信息传输至处理器；
所述存储器存储有可被所述处理器执行的指令；
所述处理器用于获取所述收发端口传输的报文，并通过执行所述存储器中所存储的程序或指令，实现权利要求8至权利要求11任一项所述的时延差测量方法。
第七方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面的方法。
第八方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第二方面的方法。
第九方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质可存储有程序，该程序执行时可实现第一方面提供的时延差测量方法各实施例中的部分或全部步骤。
第十方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质可存储有程序，该程序执行时可实现第二方面提供的时延差测量方法各实施例中的部分或全部步骤。
本发明实施例公开一种时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站。该方法中，基站通过各个发送端口，向用户设备发送测量导频；接收到测量导频后，用户设备对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；然后用户设备对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱，再对各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取各个发送端口的首径；最后用户设备通过计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，确定非目标发送端口与目标发送端口的时延差，从而获取各个发送端口之间的时延差。
也就是说，通过本发明实施例公开的方案，能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差，从而解决现有技术中用户设备无法确定各个发送端口的时延差的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例公开的一种时延差测量方法的工作流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例公开的一种时延差测量方法中，获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱的工作流程示意图；
图3为本发明实施例公开的一种时延差测量方法中，获取各个发送端口的首径的工作流程示意图；
图4为本发明实施例公开的一种时延差测量方法中，另一种获取各个发送端口的首径的工作流程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例公开的一种时延差测量方法中，进行时延补偿的工作流程示意图；
图6为本发明实施例公开的又一种时延差测量方法的工作流程示意图；
图7为本发明实施例公开的又一种时延差测量方法的工作流程示意图；
图8为本发明实施例公开的又一种时延差测量方法的工作流程示意图；
图9为本发明实施例公开的一种时延差测量装置的结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例公开的又一种时延差测量装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了解决现有技术中基站利用预编码技术向用户设备发送信息时，各个发送端口之间往往存在不同的时延，而用户设备无法确定该时延差的问题，本发明实施例公开一种时延差测量方法、装置、用户设备及基站。
在本发明第一实施例中，公开一种时延差测量方法。该方法应用于用户设备，该用户设备用户包括各个接收端口，该接收端口用于接收基站通过各个发送端口发送的信息。参见图1所示的工作流程示意图，本发明实施例公开的时延差测量方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S11、用户设备对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应。
其中，基站通常将测量导频加载在子载波中，然后再通过各个发送端口将加载有测量导频的子载波传输至用户设备，从而使用户设备获取各个发送端口传输的测量导频。
另外，在对测量导频进行信道估计时，可采用最小二乘法(LeastSquare，LS)，当然，还可以采用其他的信道估计方法，本发明实施例对此不作限定。通过信道估计，获取的信道估计结果即为所述测量导频的频域响应。
步骤S12、所述用户设备对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱。
步骤S13、所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，其中，每个发送端口的首径为该发送端口发送的多径信息中，最先到达所述用户设备的时间。
受到多径效应的影响，发送端口发送的信息在传播中会成为多径信息，多径信息到达接收端口的时间往往不同，其中，首径即为某个发送端口发送的信息中，最先到达接收端口的时间。
步骤S14、所述用户设备计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，将所述差值作为所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差，其中，所述 目标发送端口为所述基站中的一个发送端口，所述非目标发送端口为所述基站中除所述目标发送端口以外的其他发送端口。
其中，所述目标发送端口可以为基站的多个发送端口中的任意一个发送端口。通常情况下，在基站的各个发送端口中，选择将信息最先发送到用户设备(即接收天线)的发送端口作为目标发送端口，由于某一个发送端口的首径表示该发送端口发送的多径信息中，最先到达用户设备的时间，那么首径最小的发送端口即为最先将信息发送到用户设备的发送端口，因此，通常选择首径最小的发送端口作为目标发送端口，相应的，将基站的各个发送端口中，除了该目标发送端口以外的其他发送端口作为非目标发送端口。
在确定目标发送端口后，计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，该差值即为非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差。其中，可通过以下公式计算时延差：
τj＝NFirstj-NFirst1，j＝2，3，...，NTx。
在上述公式中，τj表示非目标发送端口j与目标发送端口的时延差，NFirst1表示目标发送端口的首径，NFirstj表示非目标发送端口j的首径，NTx表示发送端口的数量。
本发明实施例通过步骤S11至步骤S14，公开一种时延差测量方法，该方法中，用户设备对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；然后对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱；再对各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取各个发送端口的首径；最后通过计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，确定非目标发送端口与目标发送端口的时延差，从而获取各个发送端口之间的时延差。
也就是说，通过本发明实施例公开的时延差测量方法，能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差，从而解决现有技术中用户设备无法确定各个发送端口的时延差的问题。
为了详细阐述如何获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱，作为图1方法的细化，本发明公开第二实施例。在本发明第二实施例中，如图2所示，所述用户设备对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱，包括以下步骤：
步骤S21、对通过相同传输信道接收到的各个测量导频的频域响应进行快速傅里叶逆变换(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform，IFFT)，获取各条接收天线的时域冲击响应。
在步骤S21中，发送端口与其对应的接收天线之间为一条传输信道。其中，所述测量导频的频域响应，即为对测量导频进行信道估计后获取的信道估计结果。若本次信道估计采用的是最小二乘法(Least Square，LS)，则测量导频的频域响应可表示为
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000001
基站在向用户设备发送测量导频时，通常将测量导频加载在子载波中，也就是说，测量导频分布在多个子帧中，且每个子帧通常由多个正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号构成。在
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000002
中，nsf表示分布有测量导频的各个子帧的子帧号，i表示接收天线的编号为i，j表示发送测量导频的发送端口的编号，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000003
表示当接收天线i接收发送端口j发送的测量导频时，接收天线i接收的nsf子帧中的第l个测量导频所在的OFDM符号在第k个导频子载波上的频域响应(即信道估计结果)。其中，所述导频子载波为OFDM符号中加载有测量导 频的子载波。
用户设备在接收到基站发送的信息后，通过信道估计，能够获取各个测量导频的频域响应。然后，根据OFDM符号中导频子载波的个数对频域响应进行快速傅里叶逆变换IFFT。其中，OFDM符号的导频子载波个数可用
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000004
表示，经过对
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000005
进行快速傅里叶逆变换之后，得到的时域冲击响应为hij(nsf,n,l)，hij(nsf,n,l)表示当接收天线i接收发送端口j发送的测量导频时，接收天线i接收的nsf子帧中的第l个测量导频所在的OFDM符号在时域采样点n上的时域冲击响应，时域采样点n的个数为
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000006
步骤S22、根据各条接收天线的时域冲击响应，获取各条接收天线的功率时延谱，并统计所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，根据所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，获取能量归一的功率时延谱。
其中，若时域冲击响应通过hij(nsf,n,l)表示，则可通过以下方式获取各条接收天线的功率时延谱：
γij(nsf,n,l)＝hij(nsf,n,l)*conj(hij(nsf,n,l))。其中，γij(nsf,n,l)表示当接收天线i接收发送端口j发送的测量导频时，接收天线i接收的nsf子帧中的第l个测量导频所在的OFDM符号在时域采样点n上的功率时延谱。
由于基带接收信号本身强弱不定，为了提高获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱的准确度，需对各条接收天线的功率时延谱进行能量归一化。在进行能量归一化时，首先统计各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值。可通过以下方式统计各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000007
其中，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000008
表示当接收天线i接收发送端口j发送的测量导频时，接收天线i接收的nsf子帧中的第l个测量导频所在的OFDM符号在时域采样点n上的功率时延谱的平均值。
然后，根据所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，获取能量归一的功率时延谱的操作，可通过以下公式实现：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000009
其中，λij(nsf,n,l)表示当接收天线i接收发送端口j发送的测量导频时，接收天线i接收的nsf子帧中的第l个测量导频在时域采样点n上的能量归一的功率时延谱。
步骤S23、对同一组测量导频对应的能量归一的功率时延谱进行非相干累加，获取各条接收天线的累加结果，并对相同发送端口对应的各条接收天线的累加结果进行合并，获取各个发送端口的合并结果，其中，一条接收天线接收到的来自同一个发送端口的测量导频为同一组测量导频。
若能量归一的功率时延谱通过λij(nsf,n,l)表示，则可通过以下公式进行非相干累加：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000010
该公式中，λij(nsf,n)表示当接收天线i接收发送端口j发送的测量导频时，接收天 线i接收的nsf子帧对应的L个测量导频在时域点n上的非相干累加结果。
在获取各条接收天线的L个测量导频的累加结果后，可通过以下公式对相同发送端口对应的各条接收天线的累加结果进行合并：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000011
其中，λj(nsf,n)表示发送端口j发送测量导频时，nsf子帧对应的各个测量导频在时域点n上的合并结果，NRx为发送端口j对应的接收天线的个数。
步骤S24、对同一个发送端口对应的不同子帧的合并结果进行同相滤波，将滤波后的结果作为所述发送端口的功率时延谱。
其中，步骤S24中的同相滤波操作通常以子帧为单位，通过累加平均Nfliter个子帧对应的合并结果，获取一个同相滤波的滤波值。具体的，可通过以下公式进行同相滤波：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000012
测量导频由多个子帧构成，在上述公式中，nsf表示构成测量导频的各个子帧的子帧号，其中，nsf＝0,1,2，...，Nfilter-1，n＝0,1,2，...，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000013
并且n表示时域采样点，j表示发送测量导频的发送端口的编号，λav,j(n)表示发送端口j的功率时延谱。
通过本发明第二实施例的步骤S21至步骤S24，能够获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱，以便后续根据各个发送端口的功率时延谱，确定各个发送端口的首径。
为了详细阐述如何获取各个发送端口的首径，作为图1方法的细化，本发明公开第三实施例。在本发明第三实施例中，如图3所示，所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，包括以下步骤：
步骤S31、在获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱后，根据导频子载波的个数
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000014
分别对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行周期延拓。
该步骤中，可通过以下公式进行周期延拓：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000015
上述公式中，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000016
表示发送端口j经过周期延拓后的功率时延谱。
步骤S32、根据预先设置的最强径搜索窗，对周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行最强径搜索，查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径，其中，所述最强径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置。
所述最强径搜索窗可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000017
其中，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000018
为OFDM符号的采样点数，WMax为预先设置的最强径搜索窗长，WMax的具体数值由技术人员根据实际应用需求设定。
在获取最强径搜索窗后，通常在最强径搜索窗内按照从左到右到的方式进行最强 径搜索。其中，最强径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置，若设定最强径的位置为n0，则最强径的功率时延谱满足公式：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000019
步骤S33、根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗。
根据最强径确定的所述首径搜索窗通常表示为：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000020
其中，WLeft为预先设定的首径搜索窗开始参数，WLeft的具体数值由技术人员根据实际应用需求设定。
步骤S34、根据所述首径搜索窗对所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，确定是否查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱。其中，若是，执行步骤S35的操作，若否，执行步骤S36的操作。
在上述步骤中，获取首径搜索窗后，通常在所述首径搜索窗中从前往后进行首径搜索。
另外，所述预设的首径门限值可通过
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000021
表示，其具体数值由技术人员根据实际应用需求设定。
步骤S35、若通过首径搜索，查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将第一个超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱所在的位置作为目标位置，然后执行步骤S37的操作。
这种情况下，设定目标位置的时域点为
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000022
则可得到如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000023
其中，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000024
表示预设的首径门限值，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000025
步骤S36、若通过首径搜索，未查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将所述最强径所在的位置作为目标位置，然后执行步骤S37的操作。
这种情况下，设定目标位置的时域点为
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000026
则可得到如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000027
步骤S37、根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径。
本发明实施例中，由于测量导频只占用了部分子载波，因此，测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的大小并不一致，需要根据测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对目标位置进行调整。
其中，测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值可通过
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000028
表示，其中，NFFT表示OFDM符号的样点周期，
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000029
表示导频子载波的个数。
进一步的，在步骤S37中，所述根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径，可采用多种方式实现。
在其中一种方式中，所述根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径，包括：
计算所述目标位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径。
在另外一种方式中，出于算法鲁棒性的考虑，所述根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径，包括：
将所述目标位置提前nahead个采样点，获取提前之后的位置，其中，nahead为预设的调整阈值；
计算提前之后的位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径。这种情况下，首径的位置可通过以下公式表示：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000030
其中，NFirst,j表示首径的位置。
考虑到首径计算过程中存在的误差，为了确保得到首径，通过上述步骤，将目标位置提前nahead个采样点。其中，nahead的具体数值由技术人员根据实际需求确定。
另外，本发明还公开第三实施例。在本发明第三实施例中，如图4所示，所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，包括以下步骤：
步骤S41、在获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱后，根据导频子载波的个数
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000031
分别对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行周期延拓。
步骤S42、根据预先设置的最强径搜索窗，对周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行最强径搜索，查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径，其中，所述最强径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置。
其中，步骤S41至步骤S42的操作过程与步骤S31至步骤S32的操作过程相同，可相互参照，此处不再赘述。
步骤S43、在所述查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径之后，将所述最强径对应的功率时延谱与预设的最强径门限值相比较，判断所述最强径对应的功率时延谱是否小于所述预设的最强径门限值，若否，执行步骤S44的操作，若是，执行步骤S49的操作。
其中，所述预设的最强径门限值可通过
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000032
表示。
步骤S44、若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱大于所述预设的最强径门限值，根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗。
步骤S45、根据所述首径搜索窗对所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，确定是否查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱。其中，若是，执行步骤S46的操作，若否，执行步骤S47的操作。
步骤S46、若通过首径搜索，查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将第一个超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱所在的位置作为目标位置，然后执行步骤S48的操作。
步骤S47、若通过首径搜索，未查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将 所述最强径所在的位置作为目标位置，然后执行步骤S48的操作。
步骤S48、根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径。
其中，步骤S44至步骤S48的操作过程与步骤S33至步骤S37的操作过程相同，可相互参照，此处不再赘述。
步骤S49、若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱小于所述预设的最强径门限值，即
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000033
结束本次时延差测量操作。
另外，若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱小于所述预设的最强径门限值，还可以输出检测失败标识：
Figure PCTCN2017101854-appb-000034
以表明本次检测各个发送端口之间的时延差的操作失败。
本发明第三实施例所公开的方案中，在查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径之后，将所述最强径对应的功率时延谱与预设的最强径门限值相比较；若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱不小于所述预设的最强径门限值，再执行所述根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗的操作，若最强径对应的功率时延谱小于预设的最强径门限值，则表明最强径对应的功率时延谱较小，这种情况下，检测各个发送端口之间的时延差的操作失败。
进一步的，本发明各个实施例公开的时延差测量方法中，还包括：
在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿。
另外，参见图5所示的工作流程示意图，本发明各个实施例公开的时延差测量方法中，还包括：
步骤S51、在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，对接收到的各个发送端口发送的信息进行相应的时延补偿；
步骤S52、根据时延补偿后的信息确定时延补偿后的预编码矩阵索引PMI；
步骤S53、向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息或对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行时延补偿。
其中，基站根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息或对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行时延补偿之后，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息或获取时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频，并根据所述时延补偿后的PMI对所述时延补偿后的待发送信息，或所述时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理。
用户设备在获取各个发送端口之间的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，并且，将之前根据基站传输的测量导频确定的预编码矩阵索引PMI传输至基站。这种情况下，基站接收到各个发送端口之间的时延差之后，根据时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿，再根据用户设备传输的PMI对时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理，并向所述用户设备传输预编码处理后的待发送信息和测量导频。该方案中，由于基站的各个发送端口发送的信息经过了时延补偿，并且用户设备接收到的测量导频也经过了时延补偿，因此，减少发送端口的时延差导致传输信道频选加剧的现象，用户设备能够确定更匹配传输信道的PMI，从而提高预编 码技术的算法性能。
进一步的，用户设备在获取各个发送端口之间的时延差之后，还可以对接收到的各个发送端口发送的测量导频进行相应的时延补偿，并根据时延补偿后的测量导频确定相应的PMI。若将根据时延补偿后的测量导频确定的PMI称为时延补偿后的PMI，用户设备会向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI。
这种情况下，基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息，并根据时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频以及时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，再将预编码处理后的测量导频和待发送信息传输至用户设备。该方案中，由于用户设备获取到的预编码处理后的信息经过了时延补偿，并且基站进行预编码处理时采用的PMI也经过了时延补偿，从而能够提高预编码技术的算法性能。
或者，在另一种情况下，基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息，另外，还根据所述时延差对测量导频进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的测量导频，并根据时延补偿后的PMI对时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，再将预编码处理后的待发送信息和测量导频传输至用户设备。该方案中，用户设备获取到的预编码处理后的信息经过了时延补偿，并且基站进行预编码处理时采用的PMI也经过了时延补偿，从而能够提高预编码技术的算法性能。进一步的，由于基站对测量导频也进行了时延补偿，而用户设备在接收到测量导频，会根据测量导频计算各个发送端口的时延差，这种情况下，用户设备计算得到的各个发送端口之间时延差会越来越小，从而使各个发送端口之间的时延差得到修正。
相应的，本发明的第四实施例公开一种时延差测量方法，该实施例应用于基站，该基站能够通过多个发送端口向用户设备发送信息。
参见图6所示的工作流程示意图，该实施例公开的时延差测量方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S61、基站通过各个发送端口，向用户设备发送测量导频。
其中，用户设备在接收到各个发送端口发送的测量导频后，根据上述各个实施例公开的方案，获取各个发送端口之间的时延差。
步骤S62、所述基站接收所述用户设备传输的所述各个发送端口之间的时延差，其中，所述各个发送端口之间的时延差基于所述测量导频确定。
其中，用户设备在获取各个发送端口之间的时延差后，会将各个发送端口之间的时延差反馈至基站，从而使基站也能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差。
进一步的，参加图7所示的工作流程示意图，本发明实施例公开的时延差测量方法，还包括以下步骤：
步骤S63、在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息。
步骤S64、根据所述时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频和所述时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
步骤S65、向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
另外，参加图8所示的工作流程示意图，本发明实施例公开的时延差测量方法，还包括以下步骤：
步骤S66、在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频分别进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频；
步骤S67、根据所述时延补偿后的PMI，对所述时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
步骤S68、向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
用户设备在获取各个发送端口之间的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，并且，将之前根据基站传输的测量导频确定的预编码矩阵索引PMI传输至基站。这种情况下，基站接收到各个发送端口之间的时延差之后，根据时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿，再根据用户设备传输的PMI对时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理，并向所述用户设备传输预编码处理后的待发送信息和测量导频。该方案中，由于基站的各个发送端口发送的信息经过了时延补偿，并且用户设备接收到的测量导频也经过了时延补偿，因此，减少发送端口的时延差导致传输信道频选加剧的现象，用户设备能够确定更匹配传输信道的PMI，从而提高预编码技术的算法性能。
进一步的，用户设备在获取各个发送端口之间的时延差之后，还可以对接收到的各个发送端口发送的测量导频进行相应的时延补偿，并根据时延补偿后的测量导频确定相应的PMI。若将根据时延补偿后的测量导频确定的PMI称为时延补偿后的PMI，用户设备会向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI。
这种情况下，基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息，并根据时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频以及时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，再将预编码处理后的测量导频和待发送信息传输至用户设备。该方案中，由于用户设备获取到的预编码处理后的信息经过了时延补偿，并且基站进行预编码处理时采用的PMI也经过了时延补偿，从而能够提高预编码技术的算法性能。
或者，在另一种情况下，基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息，另外，还根据所述时延差对测量导频进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的测量导频，并根据时延补偿后的PMI对时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，再将预编码处理后的待发送信息和测量导频传输至用户设备。该方案中，用户设备获取到的预编码处理后的信息经过了时延补偿，并且基站进行预编码处理时采用的PMI也经过了时延补偿，从而能够提高预编码技术的算法性能。进一步的，由于基站对测量导频也进行了时延补偿，而用户设备在接收到测量导频，会根据测量导频计算各个发送端口的时延差，这种情况下，用户设备计算得到的各个发送端口之间时延差会越来越小，从而使各个发送端口之间的时延差得到修正。
相应的，在本发明另一实施例中，公开一种时延差测量装置，对于本发明装置实 施例中未披露的细节，请参照本发明相应的方法实施例。参见图9所示的结构示意图，所述时延差测量装置包括：信道估计模块110、响应处理模块120、首径获取模块130和时延差计算模块140。
其中，所述信道估计模块110，用于对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；
所述响应处理模块120，用于对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱；
所述首径获取模块130，用于所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，其中，每个发送端口的首径为该发送端口发送的多径信息中，最先到达所述用户设备的时间；
所述时延差计算模块140，用于计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，将所述差值作为所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差，其中，所述目标发送端口为所述基站中的一个发送端口，所述非目标发送端口为所述基站中除所述目标发送端口以外的其他发送端口。
通过本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置，能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差，从而解决现有技术中用户设备无法确定各个发送端口的时延差的问题。
在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，所述响应处理模块包括：
响应获取单元，用于对通过相同传输信道接收到的各个测量导频的频域响应进行快速傅里叶逆变换，获取各条接收天线的时域冲击响应；
归一处理单元，用于根据各条接收天线的时域冲击响应，获取各条接收天线的功率时延谱，并统计所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，根据所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，获取能量归一的功率时延谱；
累加合并单元，用于对同一组测量导频对应的能量归一的功率时延谱进行非相干累加，获取各条接收天线的累加结果，并对相同发送端口对应的各条接收天线的累加结果进行合并，获取各个发送端口的合并结果，其中，一条接收天线接收到的来自同一个发送端口的测量导频为同一组测量导频；
同相滤波单元，用于对同一个发送端口对应的不同子帧的合并结果进行同相滤波，将滤波后的结果作为所述发送端口的功率时延谱。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，所述首径获取模块包括：
周期延拓单元，用于在获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱后，根据导频子载波的个数，分别对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行周期延拓；
最强径查找单元，用于根据预先设置的最强径搜索窗，对周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行最强径搜索，查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径，其中，所述最强径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置；
首径搜索单元，用于根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗，并根据所述首径搜索窗对所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取目标位置，其中，若通过首径搜索，查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将第一个超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱所在的位置作为目标位置，若未查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将所述最强径所在的位置作为目标位置；
位置调整单元，用于根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，还包括：
比较单元，用于在所述查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径之后，将所述最强径对应的功率时延谱与预设的最强径门限值相比较；
若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱大于所述预设的最强径门限值，再调动所述首径搜索单元执行根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗的操作。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，所述位置调整单元包括：
第一确定单元，用于计算所述目标位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径；
或者，
位置提前单元，用于将所述目标位置提前nahead个采样点，获取提前之后的位置，其中，nahead为预设的调整阈值；
第二确定单元，用于计算提前之后的位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，还包括：
第一传输模块，用于在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，还包括：
时延补偿模块，用于在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，对接收到的各个发送端口发送的信息进行相应的时延补偿；
PMI确定模块，用于根据时延补偿后的信息确定时延补偿后的预编码矩阵索引PMI；
第二传输模块，用于向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息或对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行时延补偿。
相应的，在本发明另一实施例中，公开一种时延差测量装置，对于本发明装置实施例中未披露的细节，请参照本发明相应的方法实施例。参见图10所示的结构示意图，所述时延差测量装置包括：导频发送模块210和时延差接收模块220。
其中，所述导频发送模块210，用于通过各个发送端口，向用户设备发送测量导频；
所述时延差接收模块220，用于接收所述用户设备传输的所述各个发送端口之间的时延差，其中，所述各个发送端口之间的时延差基于所述测量导频确定。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，还包括：
第一时延补偿模块，用于根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿；
第一预编码处理模块，用于对时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
第一信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，还包括：
第二时延补偿模块，用于在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息；
第二预编码处理模块，用于根据所述时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频和所述时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
第二信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
进一步的，在本发明实施例公开的时延差测量装置中，还包括：
第三时延补偿模块，用于在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频分别进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频；
第三预编码处理模块，用于根据所述时延补偿后的PMI，对所述时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
第三信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
在本发明实施例中，用户设备在获取各个发送端口之间的时延差后，会将各个发送端口之间的时延差反馈至基站，从而使基站也能够获取各个发送端口之间的时延差。
相应的，本发明实施例还公开一种用户设备，该用户设备包括：收发端口、处理器和与所述处理器相连接的存储器；
其中，所述收发端口用于和基站之间进行信息的收发，并将从所述基站接收的信息传输至处理器；
所述存储器存储有可被所述处理器执行的指令；
所述处理器用于获取所述收发端口传输的报文，并通过执行所述存储器中所存储的程序或指令，执行图1至图5所公开的方法实施例中所公开的时延差测量方法。
相应的，本发明实施例还公开一种基站，该基站包括：收发端口、处理器和与所述处理器相连接的存储器；
其中，所述收发端口用于和用户设备之间进行信息的收发，并将从所述用户设备接收的信息传输至处理器；
所述存储器存储有可被所述处理器执行的指令；
所述处理器用于获取所述收发端口传输的报文，并通过执行所述存储器中所存储的程序或指令，执行图6至图8所公开的方法实施例中所公开的时延差测量方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行图1至图5所公开的方法实施例中所公开的时延差测量方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行图6至图8所公开的方法实施例中所公开的时延差测量方法。
具体实现中，本发明实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质，其中，该计算机存储介 质可存储有程序，该程序执行时可实现图1至图5所公开方法实施例中的时延差测量方法中的部分或全部步骤。所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(read-only memory，简称ROM)或随机存储记忆体(random access memory，简称RAM)等。
具体实现中，本发明实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质，其中，该计算机存储介质可存储有程序，该程序执行时可实现图6至图8所公开方法实施例中的时延差测量方法中的部分或全部步骤。所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(read-only memory，简称ROM)或随机存储记忆体(random access memory，简称RAM)等。
需要指出，根据实施的需要，可将本申请实施例中描述的各个部件/步骤拆分为更多部件/步骤，也可将两个或多个部件/步骤或者部件/步骤的部分操作组合成新的部件/步骤，以实现本发明的目的。
上述根据本发明的方法可在硬件、固件中实现，或者被实现为可存储在记录介质(诸如CD ROM、RAM、软盘、硬盘或磁光盘)中的软件或计算机代码，或者被实现通过网络下载的原始存储在远程记录介质或非暂时机器可读介质中并将被存储在本地记录介质中的计算机代码，从而在此描述的方法可被存储在使用通用计算机、专用处理器或者可编程或专用硬件(诸如ASIC或FPGA)的记录介质上的这样的软件处理。可以理解，计算机、处理器、微处理器控制器或可编程硬件包括可存储或接收软件或计算机代码的存储组件(例如，RAM、ROM、闪存等)，当所述软件或计算机代码被计算机、处理器或硬件访问且执行时，实现在此描述的处理方法。此外，当通用计算机访问用于实现在此示出的处理的代码时，代码的执行将通用计算机转换为用于执行在此示出的处理的专用计算机。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种时延差测量方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户设备对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；
    所述用户设备对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱；
    所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，其中，每个发送端口的首径为该发送端口发送的多径信息中，最先到达所述用户设备的时间；
    所述用户设备计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，将所述差值作为所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差，其中，所述目标发送端口为所述基站中的一个发送端口，所述非目标发送端口为所述基站中除所述目标发送端口以外的其他发送端口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，所述用户设备对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱，包括：
    对通过相同传输信道接收到的各个测量导频的频域响应进行快速傅里叶逆变换，获取各条接收天线的时域冲击响应；
    根据各条接收天线的时域冲击响应，获取各条接收天线的功率时延谱，并统计所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，根据所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，获取能量归一的功率时延谱；
    对同一组测量导频对应的能量归一的功率时延谱进行非相干累加，获取各条接收天线的累加结果，并对相同发送端口对应的各条接收天线的累加结果进行合并，获取各个发送端口的合并结果，其中，一条接收天线接收到的来自同一个发送端口的测量导频为同一组测量导频；
    对同一个发送端口对应的不同子帧的合并结果进行同相滤波，将滤波后的结果作为所述发送端口的功率时延谱。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，包括：
    在获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱后，根据导频子载波的个数，分别对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行周期延拓；
    根据预先设置的最强径搜索窗，对周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行最强径搜索，查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径，其中，所述最强径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置；
    根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗，并根据所述首径搜索窗对所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取目标位置，其中，若通过首径搜索，查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将第一个超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱所在的位置作为目标位置，若未查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将所述最强径所在的位置作为目标位置；
    根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进 行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径之后，将所述最强径对应的功率时延谱与预设的最强径门限值相比较；
    若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱大于所述预设的最强径门限值，再执行所述根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗的操作。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径，包括：
    计算所述目标位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径；
    或者，
    将所述目标位置提前nahead个采样点，获取提前之后的位置，其中，nahead为预设的调整阈值；
    计算提前之后的位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，对接收到的各个发送端口发送的信息进行相应的时延补偿；
    根据时延补偿后的信息确定时延补偿后的预编码矩阵索引PMI；
    向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息或对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行时延补偿。
  8. 一种时延差测量方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站通过各个发送端口，向用户设备发送测量导频；
    所述基站接收所述用户设备传输的所述各个发送端口之间的时延差，其中，所述各个发送端口之间的时延差基于所述测量导频确定。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿；
    对时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
    向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息；
    根据所述时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频和所述时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
    向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的时延差测量方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频分别进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频；
    根据所述时延补偿后的PMI，对所述时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
    向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
  12. 一种时延差测量装置，其特征在于，包括：
    信道估计模块，用于对基站发送的测量导频进行信道估计，获取所述测量导频的频域响应；
    响应处理模块，用于对所述测量导频的频域响应进行处理，获取所述基站中各个发送端口的功率时延谱；
    首径获取模块，用于所述用户设备对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取所述各个发送端口的首径，其中，每个发送端口的首径为该发送端口发送的多径信息中，最先到达所述用户设备的时间；
    时延差计算模块，用于计算非目标发送端口的首径与目标发送端口的首径的差值，将所述差值作为所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差，其中，所述目标发送端口为所述基站中的一个发送端口，所述非目标发送端口为所述基站中除所述目标发送端口以外的其他发送端口。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，所述响应处理模块包括：
    响应获取单元，用于对通过相同传输信道接收到的各个测量导频的频域响应进行快速傅里叶逆变换，获取各条接收天线的时域冲击响应；
    归一处理单元，用于根据各条接收天线的时域冲击响应，获取各条接收天线的功率时延谱，并统计所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，根据所述各条接收天线的功率时延谱的平均值，获取能量归一的功率时延谱；
    累加合并单元，用于对同一组测量导频对应的能量归一的功率时延谱进行非相干累加，获取各条接收天线的累加结果，并对相同发送端口对应的各条接收天线的累加结果进行合并，获取各个发送端口的合并结果，其中，一条接收天线接收到的来自同一个发送端口的测量导频为同一组测量导频；
    同相滤波单元，用于对同一个发送端口对应的不同子帧的合并结果进行同相滤波，将滤波后的结果作为所述发送端口的功率时延谱。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，所述首径获取模块包括：
    周期延拓单元，用于在获取各个发送端口的功率时延谱后，根据导频子载波的个数，分别对所述各个发送端口的功率时延谱进行周期延拓；
    最强径查找单元，用于根据预先设置的最强径搜索窗，对周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行最强径搜索，查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径，其中，所述最强 径为所述功率时延谱中幅度最大的位置；
    首径搜索单元，用于根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗，并根据所述首径搜索窗对所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱进行首径搜索，获取目标位置，其中，若通过首径搜索，查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将第一个超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱所在的位置作为目标位置，若未查找到超过预设的首径门限值的功率时延谱，将所述最强径所在的位置作为目标位置；
    位置调整单元，用于根据所述测量导频的样点周期与OFDM符号的样点周期的比值，对所述目标位置进行调整，将调整后的位置作为首径。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    比较单元，用于在所述查找所述周期延拓后的功率时延谱中的最强径之后，将所述最强径对应的功率时延谱与预设的最强径门限值相比较；
    若所述最强径对应的功率时延谱大于所述预设的最强径门限值，再调动所述首径搜索单元执行根据所述最强径确定首径搜索窗的操作。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，所述位置调整单元包括：
    第一确定单元，用于计算所述目标位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径；
    或者，
    位置提前单元，用于将所述目标位置提前nahead个采样点，获取提前之后的位置，其中，nahead为预设的调整阈值；
    第二确定单元，用于计算提前之后的位置与所述比值的乘积，将所述乘积指示的位置作为首径。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16任一项所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一传输模块，用于在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，向基站传输所述时延差，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行相应的时延补偿。
  18. 根据权利要求12至16任一项所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    时延补偿模块，用于在获取所述非目标发送端口与所述目标发送端口的时延差之后，对接收到的各个发送端口发送的信息进行相应的时延补偿；
    PMI确定模块，用于根据时延补偿后的信息确定时延补偿后的预编码矩阵索引PMI；
    第二传输模块，用于向基站传输所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI，以便所述基站接收到所述时延差和时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息或对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频进行时延补偿。
  19. 一种时延差测量装置，其特征在于，包括：
    导频发送模块，用于通过各个发送端口，向用户设备发送测量导频；
    时延差接收模块，用于接收所述用户设备传输的所述各个发送端口之间的时延差，其中，所述各个发送端口之间的时延差基于所述测量导频确定。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一时延补偿模块，用于根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导 频进行相应的时延补偿；
    第一预编码处理模块，用于对时延补偿后的待发送信息和测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
    第一信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二时延补偿模块，用于在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息；
    第二预编码处理模块，用于根据所述时延补偿后的PMI对测量导频和所述时延补偿后的待发送信息进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
    第二信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的时延差测量装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第三时延补偿模块，用于在获取用户设备传输的时延补偿后的PMI后，根据所述时延差对各个发送端口的待发送信息和测量导频分别进行时延补偿，获取时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频；
    第三预编码处理模块，用于根据所述时延补偿后的PMI，对所述时延补偿后的待发送信息和时延补偿后的测量导频进行预编码处理，获取预编码处理后的信息；
    第三信息发送模块，用于向用户设备传输所述预编码处理后的信息。
  23. 一种用户设备，其特征在于，包括：收发端口、处理器和与所述处理器相连接的存储器；
    其中，所述收发端口用于和基站之间进行信息的收发，并将从所述基站接收的信息传输至处理器；
    所述存储器存储有可被所述处理器执行的指令；
    所述处理器用于获取所述收发端口传输的报文，并通过执行所述存储器中所存储的程序或指令，实现权利要求1至权利要求7任一项所述的时延差测量方法。
  24. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：收发端口、处理器和与所述处理器相连接的存储器；
    其中，所述收发端口用于和用户设备之间进行信息的收发，并将从所述用户设备接收的信息传输至处理器；
    所述存储器存储有可被所述处理器执行的指令；
    所述处理器用于获取所述收发端口传输的报文，并通过执行所述存储器中所存储的程序或指令，实现权利要求8至权利要求11任一项所述的时延差测量方法。
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