WO2019041682A1 - Gain-based transient control system and method for distributed raman fiber amplifier - Google Patents

Gain-based transient control system and method for distributed raman fiber amplifier Download PDF

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WO2019041682A1
WO2019041682A1 PCT/CN2017/118197 CN2017118197W WO2019041682A1 WO 2019041682 A1 WO2019041682 A1 WO 2019041682A1 CN 2017118197 W CN2017118197 W CN 2017118197W WO 2019041682 A1 WO2019041682 A1 WO 2019041682A1
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gain
power
pump laser
value
optical
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PCT/CN2017/118197
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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张翠红
付成鹏
陶金涛
程丽晶
乐孟辉
余春平
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武汉光迅科技股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
    • H01S3/302—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of fiber amplifier technologies, and more particularly to a gain transient control system and method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier.
  • the 100Gbit/s system can not fully meet the bandwidth requirements.
  • the system exceeding 100Gbit/s is 400Gbit.
  • the /s system is being tested on a small scale, and the over 100 Gbit/s system requires higher and higher optical signal noise ratio (OSNR) (OSNR), and the traditional EDFA amplifier cannot meet the noise index requirement of the system.
  • OSNR optical signal noise ratio
  • DPA Distributed optical fiber Raman Amplifier
  • the WSS-based reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexing system ( Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer, abbreviated as: ROADM) has been commercialized on a large scale.
  • ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer
  • the change of the input optical signal maintains the gain stability, and the optical channel without switching in the line does not generate excessive power overshoot or undershoot, and the transient time is completed as short as possible.
  • the optical channel without switching is also called: the remaining channel, which is collectively referred to as the remaining channel.
  • different optical channels refer to different timings and/or frequency bands occupied by the optical signal transmission process.
  • Distributed Raman fiber amplifiers have different challenges for the gain control of distributed Raman fiber amplifiers due to the inability of the input (in the case of pumping, the unamplified input power cannot be detected in real time).
  • the patents 201110174019.4 and US8797640 A method for realizing Raman gain control using out-of-band spontaneous emission noise ASE is disclosed. The patent does not mention the gain dynamic adjustment process of distributed Raman fiber amplifier and the gain control method in transient process.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the gain dynamic adjustment process of the distributed Raman optical fiber amplifier and the gain control problem in the transient process, in particular, in the transient process, the input signal state is high power and the input signal state is low power condition.
  • the target gain is not set, and when the input signal is a small optical power, a large control gain or a target gain can be achieved.
  • due to the amplifier Gain-limited and gain-release changes in the control gain of the amplifier may cause severe power fluctuations in the remaining optical channels, resulting in overshoot or undershoot of the optical signal.
  • the pump power is operating at the maximum power value, if the signal power is reduced from the saturation input point to the small signal gain, there will be a gain overshoot of more than 2 dB, and the overshoot duration exceeds 3 ms, and the 2 dB overshoot itself. It should not have much impact on the system. However, if there are several amplifier cascades on one line, the overshoot accumulation will be larger, and finally exceed the overload point of the receiver, causing the system to have a bit error.
  • the present invention provides a gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, the system comprising a Raman fiber amplifier composed of one or more pump lasers and a control circuit corresponding to each pump laser Corresponding to the Raman fiber amplifier, an out-of-band ASE detection circuit is further disposed, wherein the control circuit of the pump laser and the out-of-band ASE detection circuit are respectively connected to the central processing unit, and the system specifically includes:
  • the central processing unit calculates a target out-of-band ASE power value and a pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier according to the target gain and the gain slope;
  • the central processing unit acquires out-of-band ASE power data fed back by the out-of-band ASE detection circuit;
  • the central processing unit controls the control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers so that the calculated band
  • the external ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value
  • the central processing unit controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the power parameters of the one or more pump lasers such that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value ,Also includes:
  • the central processing unit determines whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, then And adjusting a gain of each pump laser according to the pump laser power ratio and a preset first distance, and locking when a difference between a power parameter value of the certain pump laser and a maximum power value is greater than a preset second distance
  • the gain is such that each pump laser operates at a gain value obtained after the callback.
  • the central processing unit determines whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, and specifically includes:
  • the central processing unit stores a maximum power value of each pump laser in the corresponding Raman fiber amplifier
  • the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the maximum power value of each pump laser stored therein. If the comparison results of a certain pump laser are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
  • the central processing unit controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser, and adjusts power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value, Specifically include:
  • the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
  • the preset distance is generated by a central processing unit, and the system further includes an output light detecting device, specifically:
  • the central processing unit determines, according to the output light detecting device, that an overshoot condition occurs in the current optical signal waveform, and then reduces the gain according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to a normal state, and records the corresponding pump when the normal state is restored. a difference between a power parameter of the laser and a maximum power value thereof, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance, and The first distance calculated multiple times is averaged to obtain the preset first distance.
  • the system further comprises a test optical signal source, specifically:
  • the test optical signal source releases the test signal into the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that The remaining optical path produces an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the preset distance.
  • the present invention also provides a gain transient control method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, the method comprising:
  • the method further includes:
  • a power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, according to the pump
  • the laser power ratio and the preset first distance callback the gain of each pump laser, and lock the gain when the power parameter value of the certain pump laser is different from the maximum power value by more than a preset second distance, so that the pumps The laser operates at the gain value obtained after the callback.
  • the maximum power value of each of the pump lasers in the Raman fiber amplifier is pre-stored, and the determining whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value includes:
  • the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the stored maximum power value of each pump laser; if corresponding to a certain pump laser is compared If the results are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
  • the adjusting the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value specifically includes:
  • the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
  • the preset distance is generated by calculation, and the calculation of the preset distance specifically includes:
  • the gain is decremented according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to the normal state, and the power parameter of the corresponding pump laser is different from the maximum power parameter when the recording returns to the normal state.
  • a value, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance, and averaging the plurality of calculated first distances The preset first distance.
  • the method further includes:
  • the test optical signal source releases the test signal to the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more of the pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that the remaining light The channel generates an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the preset distance.
  • the present invention considers that the Raman fiber amplifier in the optical channel operates below the target gain and the corresponding optical power is already saturated. Part of the optical signal in the optical channel that may occur is removed during transmission, and the optical channel is then processed. The total power of the input signal is reduced, and the end result is that the remaining optical channel will further increase the gain and cause overshoot problems.
  • the invention adopts a method of controlling the normal state to ensure a preset distance between the pump laser and its maximum power value in the Raman fiber amplifier, and locking the actual control gain of the amplifier, thereby realizing switching when the optical channel is switched (for example, : part of the optical signal in one of the above optical channels is removed, and the remaining channel can have a flat amplification space without generating an overshoot corresponding to the remaining optical channel in the period corresponding to the switching optical channel, reducing the system.
  • the possibility of a bit error is possible.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gain transient control system of a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a gain transient control method of a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a preset distance calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a gain transient control method of a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the target gain range of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier is not clear in practical applications. It brings certain difficulties to the transient control of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier. In the transient process, when the input signal state is high power and the input signal state is low power, when the input signal is a large input optical power. The target gain can not be set, and a large control gain or target gain can be achieved when the input signal is a small optical power. In such a change, the gain of the amplifier is limited due to the gain limitation of the amplifier and the gain release.
  • the change will cause the remaining optical channels to produce severe power fluctuations, resulting in overshoot or undershoot of the optical signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts a power parameter that adjusts according to the gain step and returns the preset value when the maximum power value of the pump laser is touched.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, in which the Raman fiber amplifier includes a plurality of pump lasers (also described as pumping in various embodiments of the present invention) ⁇ 1,...,pump ⁇ n, which is directly represented by the pump + wavelength ⁇ in Figure 1, can include a variety of pump wavelengths (eg, ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ..., ⁇ n), and the Raman fiber amplifier works. In gain lock mode.
  • the system of the present embodiment includes a Raman fiber amplifier composed of at least two pump lasers (the pump ⁇ 1, ..., pump ⁇ n indicated in the control unit 2 of the pump laser in Fig. 1) Raman fiber amplifier) and a control circuit corresponding to each pump laser (such as the pump ⁇ 1 control circuit 2-1, ..., pump ⁇ n control circuit 2-n labeled in the control unit 2 of the pump laser in Fig. 1)
  • a control circuit corresponding to each pump laser such as the pump ⁇ 1 control circuit 2-1, ..., pump ⁇ n control circuit 2-n labeled in the control unit 2 of the pump laser in Fig. 1
  • an out-of-band ASE detecting circuit 3 is further provided corresponding to the Raman fiber amplifier.
  • the control circuit (2-1, ..., 2-n) of the pump laser and the out-of-band ASE detection circuit 3 are respectively connected to the central processing unit 1, and the system specifically includes:
  • the central processing unit 1 calculates the target out-of-band ASE power value and the pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier based on the target gain and the gain slope.
  • Tilt is the slope and k1, k2 and b are the coefficient values, the pump laser power ratio can be obtained by bringing the target gain and the gain slope into the above equation (2).
  • the central processing unit 1 controls the control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers so that the calculated The out-of-band ASE power data is progressive to the target out-of-band ASE power value.
  • the optical power parameter can be adjusted with reference to a gain of 0.02-0.05 dB.
  • the central processing unit 1 controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the power parameters of the one or more pump lasers such that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value. Also includes:
  • the central processing unit 1 determines whether the power parameter value of a certain pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value, And then, according to the pump laser power ratio and the preset first distance, the gain of each pump laser is adjusted, and the difference between the power parameter value and the maximum power value of the certain pump laser is greater than a preset second distance. The gain is locked so that each pump laser operates at the gain value obtained after the callback.
  • the Raman fiber amplifier in the optical channel operates below the target gain and the corresponding optical power is already saturated, part of the optical signals in the optical channel that may occur are removed during transmission. At this time, the total power of the input signal in the optical channel is reduced, and the result is that the remaining optical channel will further increase the gain and cause an overshoot problem.
  • the embodiment of the invention adopts a method of controlling the normal state to ensure a preset distance between the pump laser and the maximum power value in the Raman fiber amplifier, and locking the actual control gain of the amplifier, thereby realizing switching when the optical channel is switched.
  • the remaining channels can have a flat amplifying space without generating an overshoot corresponding to the remaining optical channels of the time period in which the switching optical channel occurs, reducing the system.
  • the possibility of a bit error In actual engineering, in addition to the optical channel switching, which causes the residual optical channel process, the stability of the optical channel is also affected by many factors such as fiber attenuation, input power, joint loss, mode field diameter, and the like.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are particularly applicable to a Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (ROADM), because the switching of wavelengths is particularly frequent, resulting in frequent fluctuations in line optical signal power and frequent transients. occur.
  • ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer
  • the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers are adjusted for each round, and the target out-of-band ASE power value is During the progressive process, a gain lock is performed upon completion of a progressive operation to ensure a smooth transition of the optical signal during the progression of the target out-of-band ASE power value.
  • the central processing unit 1 determines whether the power parameter value of a certain pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value, and specifically includes:
  • the central processing unit 1 stores a maximum power value of each pump laser in the corresponding Raman fiber amplifier
  • the central processing unit 1 controls the pump laser control circuit to adjust the pump laser power parameter, the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance, and the maximum power value of each pump laser stored therein is performed. If the comparison results of a certain pump laser are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
  • the central processing unit controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is directed to the target out-of-band ASE.
  • the power value is progressive, including:
  • the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
  • the calculation of the optical power parameter adjustment ratio between the pump lasers can be referred to formula (2), wherein p1/p2 is an expression for adjusting the optical power parameter between one or two pump lasers.
  • the preset distance used in the embodiment of the present invention is generated by the central processing unit 1 according to the calculation of the preset distance, and the system further includes an output light detecting device 4, and the calculation of the preset distance, specifically:
  • the central processing unit 1 determines, according to the output light detecting device 4, that an overshoot condition occurs in the current optical signal waveform, and then performs a decreasing of the gain according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to a normal state, and the corresponding return to the normal state when the recording returns to the normal state. a difference between a power parameter of the pump laser and a maximum power value thereof, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance And averaging the plurality of calculated first distances to obtain the preset first distance.
  • the output light detecting device 4 may be an oscilloscope, a spectrometer, a pump, or the like with an optical signal transmission detecting function, and the signal transmission function is used to establish a communication connection with the central processing unit 1 to send the detection result to the
  • the central processing unit 1 performs an overshoot and a determination to restore the normal state, and calculates a preset distance accordingly.
  • the presence of the associated output light detecting device 4 can be dynamically adjusted, that is, when the above-mentioned calculated preset distance is required, the optical splitter 7 and the output are arranged on the output optical path of the system.
  • the light detecting device 4 removes the belonging beam splitter 7 and the output light detecting device 4 after the calculation of the preset distance is completed.
  • the output light detecting device 4 may be an optical signal detecting circuit integrated in the device with the central processing unit 1 in addition to the independent instrument, and the optical signal detecting circuit.
  • the PD detection, the detection driving circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit are included; and the converted voltage value is input to the AD sampling module of the central processing unit 1, and the overshoot condition can be resolved by analyzing the voltage value obtained by the AD sampling.
  • the system also includes a test optical signal source, specifically:
  • the test optical signal source releases the test signal into the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that The remaining optical channel generates an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the above preset distance.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a gain transient control method for a distributed pump laser, which can be Running in the system of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
  • step 201 the target out-of-band ASE power value and the pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier are calculated based on the target gain and the gain slope.
  • Tilt is the slope and k1, k2 and b are the coefficient values, the pump laser power ratio can be obtained by bringing the target gain and the gain slope into the above equation (2).
  • step 202 out-of-band ASE power data is obtained.
  • the out-of-band ASE power data may be detected by the out-of-band ASE detection circuit 3 of FIG.
  • step 203 if the detected out-of-band ASE power data is smaller than the target out-of-band ASE power value, adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is directed to the target band.
  • the external ASE power value is progressive.
  • the preset target gain value is previously stored in the central processing unit 1 as described in Embodiment 1, or is stored in a memory connected to the central processing unit 1.
  • the step span can be adjusted according to the maximum power parameter of the pump in the specific application environment, or the distance between the target gain and the current gain can be adjusted accordingly, usually 0.02-0.05 dB.
  • the adjusting the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated optical signal gain value is advanced to the preset target gain value further includes:
  • step 204 it is determined whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, then And adjusting a gain of each pump laser according to the pump laser power ratio and a preset first distance, and locking when a difference between a power parameter value of the certain pump laser and a maximum power value is greater than a preset second distance The gain is such that each pump laser operates at a gain value obtained after the callback.
  • each pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier not only needs to adjust to the target gain value, but also needs to satisfy the gain slope between them, therefore, in actual operation, each pump laser is usually synchronously adjusted, so that An objective uniform requirement for guaranteed gain slope.
  • the difference between the power parameter value of the certain pump laser and the maximum power value is greater than the preset second distance is to ensure that sufficient power floating space is reserved, therefore, in step 204 If the preset first distance is adjusted to the gain of each pump laser, if the power value of the pump laser differs from the maximum power value by a predetermined second distance, it is preferable to continue the pump corresponding to the gain reduction.
  • the power parameter adjustment operation of the laser is performed by the preset first distance.
  • the Raman fiber amplifier in the optical channel operates below the target gain and the corresponding optical power is already saturated, part of the optical signals in the optical channel that may occur may be removed during transmission. The total power of the input signal in the time channel is reduced, and the end result is that the remaining optical channel will further increase the gain and cause overshoot problems.
  • the embodiment of the invention adopts a method of controlling the normal state to ensure a preset distance between the pump laser and the maximum power value in the Raman fiber amplifier, and locking the actual control gain of the amplifier, thereby realizing switching when the optical channel is switched.
  • the remaining channels can have a flat amplifying space without generating an overshoot corresponding to the remaining optical channels of the time period in which the switching optical channel occurs, reducing the system.
  • the possibility of a bit error In actual engineering, in addition to the optical channel switching, which causes the residual optical channel process, the stability of the optical channel is also affected by many factors such as fiber attenuation, input power, joint loss, mode field diameter, and the like.
  • the power parameter of the currently adjusted pump laser may be at the maximum power value, and the next moment is required in the optical fiber transmission channel.
  • the optical channel of the target gain is removed, which brings the power parameter value of the pump laser to be down-regulated. Therefore, in order to accurately determine the power parameter of the pump laser reaches a maximum value and may cause overshoot,
  • the embodiment of the invention also provides a preferred method for judging, which can avoid the problem of determining the efficiency of the pump laser after adjusting the parameters of the pump laser (the reason why the efficiency is lowered is because of the instant of the optical channel itself in the above scenario)
  • the state change can bring the power parameter of the pump laser down from the maximum value).
  • the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the stored maximum power value of each pump laser; if corresponding to a certain pump laser is compared If the results are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
  • the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers is adjusted, and the out-of-band ASE power data is forwarded to the target out-of-band ASE power value, and specifically includes:
  • the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction between the pump lasers; wherein the first equation relationship is the equation (1).
  • the second equation is the equation (2).
  • the pump control circuit (2-1, ..., 2-n) can be controlled by the central processing unit 1 in the structure of Fig. 1 to complete the corresponding power parameter adjustment value.
  • the preset distance is generated by dynamic calculation, may be stored in the central processing unit 1, or may be stored in an independent memory, and corresponding to the specific generation manner, as shown in FIG.
  • the indication includes the following steps:
  • step 301 it is determined that an overshoot condition occurs in the waveform of the current output optical signal, and then the gain is decremented according to a preset decreasing length until the current output optical signal waveform returns to a normal state.
  • step 301 can be based on the data channel connection between the central processing unit 1 and the output light detecting device 4, as described in Embodiment 1, and the central processing unit 1 completes the overshoot and the determination to restore the normal state; It is also possible to perform overshoot and return to the normal state by artificially observing the waveform diagram presented in the output light detecting device 4. Both of the above methods are within the protection scope of the method of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • step 302 the difference between the power parameter of the corresponding pump laser and its maximum power parameter when the normal state is restored, and the first distance represented by the gain on the gain when the normal state is restored is recorded.
  • step 303 the plurality of calculated differences are averaged to obtain the preset second distance, and the plurality of calculated first distances are averaged to obtain the preset first distance.
  • the steps 301-303 may be performed in a test system, or may be performed in a specific application, and the output signal of the amplifier is connected to the optical signal waveform detecting device (oscilloscope) through observation.
  • the output optical signal waveform is restored from a large overshoot to a normal waveform state to complete the execution of the above steps 301-303.
  • the optical splitter 7 is disposed on the signal output port, and the optical detecting device 4 is connected to the optical splitting interface of the optical splitter 7 to complete the execution of the above steps 301-303. .
  • step 303 can also be performed as 303'.
  • step 303' the mapping relationship between the optical channel switching characteristics and the corresponding preset distance is established according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching in each test.
  • the mapping relationship is used to find the corresponding preset distance according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching, and is used to complete the adjustment of step 203 in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the characteristics of the optical channel switching generally refer to parameters such as a bandwidth, a power level, and the like of an optical channel that is switched (also described as being removed in the embodiment of the present invention).
  • the manner of generating the preset distance may be statistically obtained in a specific application practice process, or may be completed by a test method in advance, or may be an initial value calculated based on a pre-test method, and further passed the time. In the process, the verification and the update are completed, and the above several methods are all within the scope protected by the embodiment of the present invention. Since the steps 301-303 already imply the content of the preset distance generated in practice, therefore, the specific How to perform the preset distance calculation by the test system, as shown in FIG. 4, includes:
  • step 401 the test optical signal source releases the test signal into the fiber optic transmission channel.
  • step 402 when one or more of the pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter operating state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more of the optical channels are turned off, causing the remaining optical channels to generate an overshoot condition.
  • the optical channel specifically refers to the performance of an optical signal capable of representing complete information in a fiber transmission channel from a specific signal source. That is, if there are optical signals from the signal source A, the signal source B, and the signal source C in the optical fiber transmission channel, the optical signals from the signal source A, the signal source B, and the signal source C may be referred to as an optical channel, respectively.
  • Switching (removing) an optical channel refers to stripping the optical signal of the corresponding signal source out of the fiber channel.
  • step 403 if an overshoot condition occurs in the current signal spectrum, the gain is decremented according to a preset decreasing length until the current signal spectrum returns to a normal state.
  • the spectrum returns to a normal state, specifically that the overshoot phenomenon disappears, that is, the shape of the signal spectrum returns to normal.
  • step 404 the difference between the power parameter of the corresponding pump laser and its maximum power parameter when the normal state is restored, and the first distance represented by the gain on the gain when the normal state is restored is recorded.
  • step 405 the plurality of calculated differences are averaged to obtain the preset second distance, and the plurality of calculated first distances are averaged to obtain the preset first distance.
  • step 405 can also be performed as 405'.
  • step 405' the mapping relationship between the optical channel switching characteristics and the corresponding preset distance is established according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching in each test.
  • the mapping relationship is used to find the corresponding preset distance according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching, and is used to complete the adjustment of step 203 in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the characteristics of the optical channel switching generally refer to parameters such as a bandwidth, a power level, and the like of an optical channel that is switched (also described as being removed in the embodiment of the present invention).
  • the embodiment of the present invention further describes the pump laser control process in a relatively complete control step procedure.
  • a simple and uniform single pump laser is described for the purpose of description, but it represents a pump laser object of any of the Raman fiber amplifiers.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • step 503 it is judged that if G ⁇ G s and P ⁇ m ⁇ P ⁇ m_max , the process proceeds to step 504; otherwise, the process proceeds to step 505.
  • the output optical power value P ⁇ m of the pump laser of each wavelength is detected in real time. And proceeds to step 507.
  • step 507 it is judged that if G ⁇ Gs and
  • step 508 the current lock gain is maintained unchanged, and the determination of step 507 is repeated.
  • step 509 the current gain real-time calculation module locking the pump laser of each wavelength input optical signal power P s real-time detection output optical power value P ⁇ m, proceeds to step 502.
  • the method described in Embodiment 2 is equivalent to the step 505-Step 506-Step 507-Step 508 in the embodiment of the present invention, and in order to achieve a common purpose, the optical channel is maintained stably, and overshoot is avoided.
  • the step 502 - step 510 is also the most likely to occur when the optical channel switching occurs. Because the switching of the optical channel causes the power of the optical signal input to the pump laser to decrease. If the power parameter of the pump laser has a surplus, the remaining optical channel exhibits the result that the gain value is switched in the optical channel. The time is increased, that is, the judgment condition of step 502 to step 510 is satisfied. Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the remaining channel signal, step 510 is performed when G>Gs is detected. Step 502 - Step 510 This judgment and execution content can be implemented as an addition to the method content in Embodiment 2.

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Abstract

A gain-based transient control system and method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier. The method comprises: calculating a target out-of-band ASE power value and a pump laser power ratio of a Raman fiber amplifier according to target gain and a gain slope; obtaining out-of-band ASE power data fed back by an out-of-band ASE detecting circuit, and adjusting same to a target out-of-band ASE power value; and if the power parameter value of a pump laser is detected to reach a maximum power value during adjustment, adjusting the gain of each pump laser back according to the pump laser power ratio and a preset first distance, and locking each pump laser to work at a gain value obtained after the adjustment.

Description

一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***和方法Gain transient control system and method for distributed Raman fiber amplifier 【技术领域】[Technical Field]
本发明涉及光纤放大器技术领域，特别是涉及一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***和方法。The present invention relates to the field of fiber amplifier technologies, and more particularly to a gain transient control system and method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier.
【背景技术】【Background technique】
随着视频业务、大数据、5G及物联网的快速发展，***对骨干网的网络容量的需求也越来越迫切，100Gbit/s***已不能完全满足带宽需求，超100Gbit/s的***如400Gbit/s***正小规模试用，而超100Gbit/s***对光信噪比OSNR(Optical Signal Noise Ratio，简写为：OSNR)要求越来越高，传统EDFA放大器已不能满足***对噪声指数的要求，而分布式光纤拉曼光纤放大器(Distribute Raman Amplifier，缩写为DRA)因其极低的等效噪声指数优势，正被越来越广泛地应用到超高速、超大容量及超长距离的光纤通信***中。同时，为了支持视频点播、5G高速下载，传统的电交叉速率已不能完全满足巨大的带宽需求，需要在光层领域实现波长级的交叉，因此基于WSS的可重构光分插复用***(Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer，简写为：ROADM)已大规模商用，线路上光信道增减经常发生，使得光纤线路上总的光功率产生频繁剧烈变化，从而要求光纤线路中的放大器必须能快速响应输入光信号的变化，保持增益稳定性，保持线路中无切换的光通道不产生过大的功率过冲或欠冲，同时完成瞬态时间尽可能短。其中，无切换的光通道也称：剩余通道，后文统称剩余通道，在TWDM技术中，不同光通道指的是光信号传输过程中所占用的不同的时序和/或频段。With the rapid development of video services, big data, 5G and Internet of Things, the demand for network capacity of the backbone network is becoming more and more urgent. The 100Gbit/s system can not fully meet the bandwidth requirements. The system exceeding 100Gbit/s is 400Gbit. The /s system is being tested on a small scale, and the over 100 Gbit/s system requires higher and higher optical signal noise ratio (OSNR) (OSNR), and the traditional EDFA amplifier cannot meet the noise index requirement of the system. Distributed optical fiber Raman Amplifier (DRA) is being widely used in ultra-high-speed, ultra-large-capacity and ultra-long-haul fiber-optic communication systems due to its extremely low equivalent noise figure. in. At the same time, in order to support video on demand and 5G high-speed downloading, the traditional electrical crossover rate can not fully meet the huge bandwidth requirements, and it is necessary to achieve wavelength-level crossover in the optical layer field. Therefore, the WSS-based reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexing system ( Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer, abbreviated as: ROADM) has been commercialized on a large scale. The increase and decrease of optical channel on the line often occurs, causing frequent and dramatic changes in the total optical power on the fiber line, requiring the amplifier in the fiber line to respond quickly. The change of the input optical signal maintains the gain stability, and the optical channel without switching in the line does not generate excessive power overshoot or undershoot, and the transient time is completed as short as possible. Among them, the optical channel without switching is also called: the remaining channel, which is collectively referred to as the remaining channel. In the TWDM technology, different optical channels refer to different timings and/or frequency bands occupied by the optical signal transmission process.
分布式拉曼光纤放大器由于输入(在开泵情况下，未放大的输入功率无法实时检测)输出不能同时检测，给分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益控制带来一定的挑战，专利201110174019.4和US8797640，公布了一种利用带外自发辐射噪声ASE实现拉曼增益控制的方法，该专利没有提及分布式拉曼光纤放大器增益动态调节过程及瞬态过程中增益控制方法。Distributed Raman fiber amplifiers have different challenges for the gain control of distributed Raman fiber amplifiers due to the inability of the input (in the case of pumping, the unamplified input power cannot be detected in real time). The patents 201110174019.4 and US8797640, A method for realizing Raman gain control using out-of-band spontaneous emission noise ASE is disclosed. The patent does not mention the gain dynamic adjustment process of distributed Raman fiber amplifier and the gain control method in transient process.
【发明内容】[Summary of the Invention]
本发明要解决的技术问题是解决分布式拉曼光纤放大器增益动态调节过程及瞬态过程中增益控制问题，具体为瞬态过程中，在输入信号状态为高功率和输入信号状态为低功率情况下，在输入信号为较大输入光功率时达不到设置目标增益，而在输入信号为较小光功率时能达到较大的控制增益或目标增益，在这样的变化过程中，由于放大器的增益受限和增益释放导致的放大器的控制增益变化，将有可能导致剩余光通道产生剧烈的功率波动，导致光信号的过冲或欠冲。具体的：The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the gain dynamic adjustment process of the distributed Raman optical fiber amplifier and the gain control problem in the transient process, in particular, in the transient process, the input signal state is high power and the input signal state is low power condition. In the following, when the input signal is a large input optical power, the target gain is not set, and when the input signal is a small optical power, a large control gain or a target gain can be achieved. In the process of such a change, due to the amplifier Gain-limited and gain-release changes in the control gain of the amplifier may cause severe power fluctuations in the remaining optical channels, resulting in overshoot or undershoot of the optical signal. specific:
如果泵浦功率工作在最大功率值时，此时如果信号功率从饱和输入点降低到小信号增益时，就会有2dB以上的增益过冲，而且过冲持续时间超过3ms，本身2dB的过冲对***应该不会造成多大影响，但是，如果一条线路上有几个放大器级联，过冲累加就会比较大，最后超出接收机的过载点，导致***出现误码。If the pump power is operating at the maximum power value, if the signal power is reduced from the saturation input point to the small signal gain, there will be a gain overshoot of more than 2 dB, and the overshoot duration exceeds 3 ms, and the 2 dB overshoot itself. It should not have much impact on the system. However, if there are several amplifier cascades on one line, the overshoot accumulation will be larger, and finally exceed the overload point of the receiver, causing the system to have a bit error.
本发明采用如下技术方案：The invention adopts the following technical solutions:
第一方面，本发明提供了一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***，***中包括由一个或者多 个泵浦激光器构成的拉曼光纤放大器和对应每一泵浦激光器的控制电路，对应所述拉曼光纤放大器还设置有带外ASE检测电路，其中，泵浦激光器的控制电路和带外ASE检测电路分别连接中心处理单元，所述***具体包括：In a first aspect, the present invention provides a gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, the system comprising a Raman fiber amplifier composed of one or more pump lasers and a control circuit corresponding to each pump laser Corresponding to the Raman fiber amplifier, an out-of-band ASE detection circuit is further disposed, wherein the control circuit of the pump laser and the out-of-band ASE detection circuit are respectively connected to the central processing unit, and the system specifically includes:
中心处理单元根据目标增益和增益斜率，计算拉曼光纤放大器的目标带外ASE功率值和泵浦激光器功率比例；The central processing unit calculates a target out-of-band ASE power value and a pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier according to the target gain and the gain slope;
中心处理单元获取带外ASE检测电路反馈的带外ASE功率数据；The central processing unit acquires out-of-band ASE power data fed back by the out-of-band ASE detection circuit;
若检测到的带外ASE功率数据小于目标带外ASE功率值，则中心处理单元控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进；If the detected out-of-band ASE power data is less than the target out-of-band ASE power value, the central processing unit controls the control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers so that the calculated band The external ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value;
其中，在所述中心处理单元控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进时，还包括：Wherein the central processing unit controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the power parameters of the one or more pump lasers such that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value ,Also includes:
所述中心处理单元判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值；若判断结果为拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值，则根据所述泵浦激光器功率比例和预设第一距离回调各泵浦激光器的增益，并且，在满足所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值与最大功率值相差大于预设第二距离时锁定增益，使得各泵浦激光器工作在回调后得到的增益值处。The central processing unit determines whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, then And adjusting a gain of each pump laser according to the pump laser power ratio and a preset first distance, and locking when a difference between a power parameter value of the certain pump laser and a maximum power value is greater than a preset second distance The gain is such that each pump laser operates at a gain value obtained after the callback.
优选的，所述中心处理单元判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值，具体包括：Preferably, the central processing unit determines whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, and specifically includes:
中心处理单元中存储有对应拉曼光纤放大器中各泵浦激光器的最大功率值；The central processing unit stores a maximum power value of each pump laser in the corresponding Raman fiber amplifier;
中心处理单元每次在控制泵浦激光器的控制电路，进行泵浦激光器功率参数调整的时候，预先获取当前泵浦激光器的功率参数值，并与自身存储的各泵浦激光器的最大功率值进行比对；若对应某一泵浦激光器的比对结果相等，则判断所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值。Each time the central processing unit controls the pump laser control circuit and adjusts the pump laser power parameter, the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the maximum power value of each pump laser stored therein. If the comparison results of a certain pump laser are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
优选的，所述中心处理单元控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进，具体包括：Preferably, the central processing unit controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser, and adjusts power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value, Specifically include:
根据预设的信号的增益斜率、目标增益值，以及增益斜率、目标增益值和带外ASE功率数据三者之间的第一等式关系，还有各泵浦激光器的光功率比值与增益斜率和目标增益值三者之间的第二等式关系，计算得到各泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例和调整方向；According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
根据所述光功率参数调整比例和调整方向，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数。Adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers according to the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction.
优选的，所述预设距离由中心处理单元生成，所述***还包括输出光检测装置，具体的：Preferably, the preset distance is generated by a central processing unit, and the system further includes an output light detecting device, specifically:
中心处理单元根据输出光检测装置，确定当前光信号波形中出现过冲情况，则按照预设的递减长度进行增益的递减，直到当前光信号波形恢复正常状态，记录恢复正常状态时对应的泵浦激光器的功率参数与其最大功率值之间的差值，以及恢复正常状态时在增益上回调表现的第一距离；并将多次计算得到的差值求平均得到所述预设第二距离，并将多次计算得到的第一距离求平均得到所述预设第一距离。The central processing unit determines, according to the output light detecting device, that an overshoot condition occurs in the current optical signal waveform, and then reduces the gain according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to a normal state, and records the corresponding pump when the normal state is restored. a difference between a power parameter of the laser and a maximum power value thereof, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance, and The first distance calculated multiple times is averaged to obtain the preset first distance.
优选的，所述***还包括测试用光信号源，具体的：Preferably, the system further comprises a test optical signal source, specifically:
所述测试用光信号源向光纤传输通道中释放测试信号，并在拉曼光纤放大器中一个或者多个泵浦激光器处于最大功率参数工作状态时，关闭一个或者多个光通道的光信号，使得剩余光通道产生过冲情况；以 便完成所述预设距离的计算。The test optical signal source releases the test signal into the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that The remaining optical path produces an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the preset distance.
第二方面，本发明还提供了一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法，所述方法包括：In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a gain transient control method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, the method comprising:
根据目标增益和增益斜率，计算拉曼光纤放大器的目标带外ASE功率值和泵浦激光器功率比例；Calculating the target out-band ASE power value and the pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier according to the target gain and the gain slope;
获取带外ASE功率数据；Obtaining out-of-band ASE power data;
若检测到的带外ASE功率数据小于目标带外ASE功率值，则调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进；If the detected out-of-band ASE power data is smaller than the target out-of-band ASE power value, adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is delivered to the target out-of-band ASE power value Enter
其中，在所述调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进时，还包括：Wherein, when the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers is adjusted, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value, the method further includes:
判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值；若判断结果为拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值，则根据所述泵浦激光器功率比例和预设第一距离回调各泵浦激光器的增益，并且，在满足所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值与最大功率值相差大于预设第二距离时锁定增益，使得各泵浦激光器工作在回调后得到的增益值处。Determining whether a power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, according to the pump The laser power ratio and the preset first distance callback the gain of each pump laser, and lock the gain when the power parameter value of the certain pump laser is different from the maximum power value by more than a preset second distance, so that the pumps The laser operates at the gain value obtained after the callback.
优选的，拉曼光纤放大器中各泵浦激光器的最大功率值被预先存储，则所述判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值，具体包括：Preferably, the maximum power value of each of the pump lasers in the Raman fiber amplifier is pre-stored, and the determining whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value includes:
每次在进行泵浦激光器功率参数调整的时候，预先获取当前泵浦激光器的功率参数值，并与存储的各泵浦激光器的最大功率值进行比对；若对应某一泵浦激光器的比对结果相等，则判断所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值。Each time the pump laser power parameter adjustment is performed, the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the stored maximum power value of each pump laser; if corresponding to a certain pump laser is compared If the results are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
优选的，所述调整一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进，具体包括：Preferably, the adjusting the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value, specifically includes:
根据预设的信号的增益斜率、目标增益值，以及增益斜率、目标增益值和带外ASE功率数据三者之间的第一等式关系，还有各泵浦激光器的光功率比值与增益斜率和目标增益值三者之间的第二等式关系，计算得到各泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例和调整方向；According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
根据所述光功率参数调整比例和调整方向，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数。Adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers according to the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction.
优选的，所述预设距离是通过计算生成，预设距离的计算具体包括：Preferably, the preset distance is generated by calculation, and the calculation of the preset distance specifically includes:
确定当前光信号波形中出现过冲情况，则按照预设的递减长度进行增益的递减，直到当前光信号波形恢复正常状态，记录恢复正常状态时对应的泵浦激光器的功率参数与其最大功率参数差值，以及恢复正常状态时在增益上回调表现的第一距离；并将多次计算得到的差值求平均得到所述预设第二距离，并将多次计算得到的第一距离求平均得到所述预设第一距离。Determining the overshoot condition in the current optical signal waveform, the gain is decremented according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to the normal state, and the power parameter of the corresponding pump laser is different from the maximum power parameter when the recording returns to the normal state. a value, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance, and averaging the plurality of calculated first distances The preset first distance.
优选的，所述方法还包括：Preferably, the method further includes:
测试用光信号源向光纤传输通道中释放测试信号，并在拉曼光纤放大器中一个或者多个泵浦激光器处于最大功率参数工作状态时，关闭一个或者多个光通道的光信号，使得剩余光通道产生过冲情况；以便完成所述预设距离的计算。The test optical signal source releases the test signal to the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more of the pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that the remaining light The channel generates an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the preset distance.
本发明在考虑了光信道中拉曼光纤放大器工作在低于目标增益而相应光功率已经处于饱和情况下，可 能发生的光信道中的部分光信号会在传输途中被取下处理，此时光通道中的输入信号的总功率便会降低，最终造成的结果便是剩余光通道的会进一步调高增益，并造成过冲情况发生问题。本发明采用了控制常态下，保证拉曼光纤放大器中泵浦激光器与其最大功率值之间的保持预设距离的方式，锁定放大器的实际控制增益，从而实现了在光信道中发生切换时(例如：上述的某一光信道中的部分光信号被取下)，剩余通道能够拥有平坦的增幅空间，而不至于产生对应于发生切换光信道所对应时段的剩余光信道的过冲，减少了***出现误码的可能性。The present invention considers that the Raman fiber amplifier in the optical channel operates below the target gain and the corresponding optical power is already saturated. Part of the optical signal in the optical channel that may occur is removed during transmission, and the optical channel is then processed. The total power of the input signal is reduced, and the end result is that the remaining optical channel will further increase the gain and cause overshoot problems. The invention adopts a method of controlling the normal state to ensure a preset distance between the pump laser and its maximum power value in the Raman fiber amplifier, and locking the actual control gain of the amplifier, thereby realizing switching when the optical channel is switched (for example, : part of the optical signal in one of the above optical channels is removed, and the remaining channel can have a flat amplification space without generating an overshoot corresponding to the remaining optical channel in the period corresponding to the switching optical channel, reducing the system. The possibility of a bit error.
【附图说明】[Description of the Drawings]
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any creative work.
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***架构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gain transient control system of a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法流程图；2 is a flowchart of a gain transient control method of a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种预设距离计算方法流程图；3 is a flowchart of a preset distance calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例提供的另一种预设距离计算方法流程图；4 is a flowchart of another preset distance calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法流程图。FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a gain transient control method of a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【具体实施方式】【Detailed ways】
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
在本发明的描述中，术语“内”、“外”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明而不是要求本发明必须以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不应当理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, the orientations or positional relationships of the terms "inner", "outer", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the drawings. The orientation or positional relationship shown is for the purpose of describing the present invention and is not intended to be a limitation of the invention.
此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。Further, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.
由于分布式拉曼光纤放大器的拉曼增益与实际环境中的光纤线路有很大关系，最大增益存在很大的不确定性，因此分布式拉曼光纤放大器在实际应用过程中目标增益范围不明确，给分布式拉曼光纤放大器的瞬态控制带来一定的困难，瞬态过程中，在输入信号状态为高功率和输入信号状态为低功率情况下，在输入信号为较大输入光功率时达不到设置目标增益，而在输入信号为较小光功率时能达到较大的控制增益或目标增益，在这样的变化过程中，由于放大器的增益受限和增益释放导致的放大器的控制增益变化，将有可能导致剩余光通道产生剧烈的功率波动，导致光信号的过冲或欠冲。在这种情况下，及时有效地进行拉曼光纤放大器的增益动态调节至关重要，本发明提出的控制方法将有效解决此问题。Since the Raman gain of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier is closely related to the fiber line in the actual environment, there is a large uncertainty in the maximum gain. Therefore, the target gain range of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier is not clear in practical applications. It brings certain difficulties to the transient control of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier. In the transient process, when the input signal state is high power and the input signal state is low power, when the input signal is a large input optical power. The target gain can not be set, and a large control gain or target gain can be achieved when the input signal is a small optical power. In such a change, the gain of the amplifier is limited due to the gain limitation of the amplifier and the gain release. The change will cause the remaining optical channels to produce severe power fluctuations, resulting in overshoot or undershoot of the optical signal. In this case, it is important to perform the gain dynamic adjustment of the Raman fiber amplifier in a timely and effective manner, and the control method proposed by the present invention will effectively solve the problem.
本发明中，在向目标增益值步进调整的过程中，每一次调整功率参数时，因为光纤传输通道中的信号存在瞬态变化，因此，对应相同步进的增益值的功率参数调整可以是不一致的，因此，本发明实施例采用了一种按照增益步进完成调整，并在触及泵浦激光器最大功率值时，回调预设值的功率参数。In the present invention, in the process of stepwise adjustment to the target gain value, each time the power parameter is adjusted, since the signal in the fiber transmission channel has a transient change, the power parameter adjustment corresponding to the gain value of the same step may be Inconsistent, therefore, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a power parameter that adjusts according to the gain step and returns the preset value when the maximum power value of the pump laser is touched.
实施例1:Example 1:
本发明实施例1提供了一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***，其应用的场合中拉曼光纤放 大器中包含多个泵浦激光器(本发明各实施例中也描述为泵浦λ1,…,泵浦λn，即图1中直接用泵浦+波长λ的命名方式呈现)，可包含多种泵浦光波长(例如：λ1，λ2，…，λn)，拉曼光纤放大器工作在增益锁定模式。 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, in which the Raman fiber amplifier includes a plurality of pump lasers (also described as pumping in various embodiments of the present invention) Λ1,...,pump λn, which is directly represented by the pump + wavelength λ in Figure 1, can include a variety of pump wavelengths (eg, λ1, λ2, ..., λn), and the Raman fiber amplifier works. In gain lock mode.
如图1所示，本实施例***中包括由至少两个泵浦激光器构成的拉曼光纤放大器(图1中泵浦激光器的控制单元2中标注的泵浦λ1、…、泵浦λn构成了拉曼光纤放大器)和对应每一泵浦激光器的控制电路(如图1中泵浦激光器的控制单元2中标注的泵浦λ1控制电路2-1、…、泵浦λn控制电路2-n所示)，对应所述拉曼光纤放大器还设置有带外ASE检测电路3。其中，泵浦激光器的控制电路(2-1、…、2-n)和带外ASE检测电路3分别连接中心处理单元1，所述***具体包括：As shown in FIG. 1, the system of the present embodiment includes a Raman fiber amplifier composed of at least two pump lasers (the pump λ1, ..., pump λn indicated in the control unit 2 of the pump laser in Fig. 1) Raman fiber amplifier) and a control circuit corresponding to each pump laser (such as the pump λ1 control circuit 2-1, ..., pump λn control circuit 2-n labeled in the control unit 2 of the pump laser in Fig. 1) In addition, an out-of-band ASE detecting circuit 3 is further provided corresponding to the Raman fiber amplifier. The control circuit (2-1, ..., 2-n) of the pump laser and the out-of-band ASE detection circuit 3 are respectively connected to the central processing unit 1, and the system specifically includes:
中心处理单元1根据目标增益和增益斜率，计算拉曼光纤放大器的目标带外ASE功率值和泵浦激光器功率比例。The central processing unit 1 calculates the target out-of-band ASE power value and the pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier based on the target gain and the gain slope.
其计算方式是通过等式Out_band_ASE_power＝k1*G+k2*Tilt+b(1)，计算得到所述目标带外ASE功率值，其中，Out_band_ASE_power是带外ASE功率值，G为增益值，Tilt为斜率，k1、k2和b为系数值，则将目标增益和增益斜率带入上式(1)，并结合k1、k2和b系数值，边可以计算得到目标带外ASE功率值。The calculation method is that the target out-of-band ASE power value is calculated by the equation Out_band_ASE_power=k1*G+k2*Tilt+b(1), wherein Out_band_ASE_power is the out-of-band ASE power value, G is the gain value, and Tilt is The slopes, k1, k2, and b are coefficient values, and the target gain and gain slope are brought into the above equation (1), and the k1, k2, and b coefficient values are combined to calculate the target out-of-band ASE power value.
而对于泵浦激光器功率比例计算则是通过等式p1/p2＝k3*G+k4*Tilt+b2(2)完成，其中，p1和p2对应不同的泵浦激光器的功率值，G为增益值，Tilt为斜率，k1、k2和b为系数值，则将目标增益和增益斜率带入上式(2)便可以得到所述泵浦激光器功率比例。For the pump laser power ratio calculation is completed by the equation p1/p2=k3*G+k4*Tilt+b2(2), where p1 and p2 correspond to the power values of different pump lasers, and G is the gain value. When Tilt is the slope and k1, k2 and b are the coefficient values, the pump laser power ratio can be obtained by bringing the target gain and the gain slope into the above equation (2).
若检测到的带外ASE功率数据小于目标带外ASE功率值，则中心处理单元1控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进。If the detected out-of-band ASE power data is less than the target out-of-band ASE power value, the central processing unit 1 controls the control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers so that the calculated The out-of-band ASE power data is progressive to the target out-of-band ASE power value.
例如：光功率参数可以参考0.02-0.05dB的增益大小进行调整。For example, the optical power parameter can be adjusted with reference to a gain of 0.02-0.05 dB.
其中，在所述中心处理单元1控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进时，还包括：Wherein the central processing unit 1 controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the power parameters of the one or more pump lasers such that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value. Also includes:
所述中心处理单元1判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值；若判断结果为拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值，则根据所述泵浦激光器功率比例和预设第一距离，回调各泵浦激光器的增益，并且，在满足所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值与最大功率值相差大于预设第二距离时锁定增益，使得各泵浦激光器工作在回调后得到的增益值处。The central processing unit 1 determines whether the power parameter value of a certain pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value, And then, according to the pump laser power ratio and the preset first distance, the gain of each pump laser is adjusted, and the difference between the power parameter value and the maximum power value of the certain pump laser is greater than a preset second distance. The gain is locked so that each pump laser operates at the gain value obtained after the callback.
本发明实施例中在考虑了光信道中拉曼光纤放大器工作在低于目标增益而相应光功率已经处于饱和情况下，可能发生的光信道中的部分光信号会在传输途中被取下处理，此时光通道中的输入信号的总功率便会降低，最终造成的结果便是剩余光通道的会进一步调高增益，并造成过冲情况发生问题。本发明实施例采用了控制常态下，保证拉曼光纤放大器中泵浦激光器与其最大功率值之间的保持预设距离的方式，锁定放大器的实际控制增益，从而实现了在光信道中发生切换时(例如：上述的光信道中的部分光信号被取下)，剩余通道能够拥有平坦的增幅空间，而不至于产生对应于发生切换光信道所对应时段的剩余光信道的过冲，减少了***出现误码的可能性。在实际工程中除了所述光信道切换会造成剩余光信道过程以外，光信道的稳定性也会受到很多因素如光纤衰减、输入功率、接头损耗、模场直径等的影响。In the embodiment of the present invention, in consideration of the fact that the Raman fiber amplifier in the optical channel operates below the target gain and the corresponding optical power is already saturated, part of the optical signals in the optical channel that may occur are removed during transmission. At this time, the total power of the input signal in the optical channel is reduced, and the result is that the remaining optical channel will further increase the gain and cause an overshoot problem. The embodiment of the invention adopts a method of controlling the normal state to ensure a preset distance between the pump laser and the maximum power value in the Raman fiber amplifier, and locking the actual control gain of the amplifier, thereby realizing switching when the optical channel is switched. (For example, some of the optical signals in the optical channel described above are removed), and the remaining channels can have a flat amplifying space without generating an overshoot corresponding to the remaining optical channels of the time period in which the switching optical channel occurs, reducing the system. The possibility of a bit error. In actual engineering, in addition to the optical channel switching, which causes the residual optical channel process, the stability of the optical channel is also affected by many factors such as fiber attenuation, input power, joint loss, mode field diameter, and the like.
本发明实施例尤其适用于可重构光分插复用器应用环境(Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer，ROADM)，因为，其波长的上下切换特别频繁，导致线路光信号功率频繁波动，瞬态频繁发生。The embodiments of the present invention are particularly applicable to a Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (ROADM), because the switching of wavelengths is particularly frequent, resulting in frequent fluctuations in line optical signal power and frequent transients. occur.
在结合本发明实施例的诸多细化实现方案中，存在一种优选的扩展方案，其中，对于每一轮调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，向目标带外ASE功率值递进过程中，在完成一次递进操作便进行一次增益的锁定，从而保证向目标带外ASE功率值递进过程中光信号的平稳过渡。In many refinement implementations in conjunction with embodiments of the present invention, there is a preferred embodiment in which the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers are adjusted for each round, and the target out-of-band ASE power value is During the progressive process, a gain lock is performed upon completion of a progressive operation to ensure a smooth transition of the optical signal during the progression of the target out-of-band ASE power value.
在本发明实施例中，所述中心处理单元1判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值，具体包括：In the embodiment of the present invention, the central processing unit 1 determines whether the power parameter value of a certain pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value, and specifically includes:
中心处理单元1中存储有对应拉曼光纤放大器中各泵浦激光器的最大功率值；The central processing unit 1 stores a maximum power value of each pump laser in the corresponding Raman fiber amplifier;
中心处理单元1每次在控制泵浦激光器的控制电路，进行泵浦激光器功率参数调整的时候，预先获取当前泵浦激光器的功率参数值，并与自身存储的各泵浦激光器的最大功率值进行比对；若对应某一泵浦激光器的比对结果相等，则判断所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值。Each time the central processing unit 1 controls the pump laser control circuit to adjust the pump laser power parameter, the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance, and the maximum power value of each pump laser stored therein is performed. If the comparison results of a certain pump laser are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
在本发明实施例中，所述中心处理单元控制1相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进，具体包括：In the embodiment of the present invention, the central processing unit controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is directed to the target out-of-band ASE. The power value is progressive, including:
根据预设的信号的增益斜率、目标增益值，以及增益斜率、目标增益值和带外ASE功率数据三者之间的第一等式关系，还有各泵浦激光器的光功率比值与增益斜率和目标增益值三者之间的第二等式关系，计算得到各泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例和调整方向；According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
其中，所述各泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例的计算可以参考公式(2)，其中p1/p2即为一两个泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例的表达式。Wherein, the calculation of the optical power parameter adjustment ratio between the pump lasers can be referred to formula (2), wherein p1/p2 is an expression for adjusting the optical power parameter between one or two pump lasers.
根据所述光功率参数调整比例和调整方向，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数。Adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers according to the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction.
在本发明实施例中使用的所述预设距离由中心处理单元1根据预设距离的计算生成，则所述***还包括输出光检测装置4，所述预设距离的计算，具体的：The preset distance used in the embodiment of the present invention is generated by the central processing unit 1 according to the calculation of the preset distance, and the system further includes an output light detecting device 4, and the calculation of the preset distance, specifically:
中心处理单元1根据输出光检测装置4，确定当前光信号波形中出现过冲情况，则按照预设的递减长度进行增益的递减，直到当前光信号波形恢复正常状态，记录恢复正常状态时对应的泵浦激光器的功率参数与其最大功率值之间的差值，以及恢复正常状态时在增益上回调表现的第一距离；并将多次计算得到的差值求平均得到所述预设第二距离，并将多次计算得到的第一距离求平均得到所述预设第一距离。The central processing unit 1 determines, according to the output light detecting device 4, that an overshoot condition occurs in the current optical signal waveform, and then performs a decreasing of the gain according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to a normal state, and the corresponding return to the normal state when the recording returns to the normal state. a difference between a power parameter of the pump laser and a maximum power value thereof, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance And averaging the plurality of calculated first distances to obtain the preset first distance.
其中，输出光检测装置4可以是带有光信号传输检测功能的示波器、光谱仪、泵浦仪等等，信号传输功能用于与所述中心处理单元1建立通讯连接，以便将检测结果发送给所属中心处理单元1进行过冲和恢复正常状态的判断，并依此计算得到预设距离。如图1所示，对于整个***来说，所属输出光检测装置4的存在是可以动态调整的，即在需要上述计算预设距离时，在所述***的输出光路上配置分光器7和输出光检测装置4，而在计算预设距离完成后，移走所属分光器7和输出光检测装置4。The output light detecting device 4 may be an oscilloscope, a spectrometer, a pump, or the like with an optical signal transmission detecting function, and the signal transmission function is used to establish a communication connection with the central processing unit 1 to send the detection result to the The central processing unit 1 performs an overshoot and a determination to restore the normal state, and calculates a preset distance accordingly. As shown in FIG. 1, for the entire system, the presence of the associated output light detecting device 4 can be dynamically adjusted, that is, when the above-mentioned calculated preset distance is required, the optical splitter 7 and the output are arranged on the output optical path of the system. The light detecting device 4 removes the belonging beam splitter 7 and the output light detecting device 4 after the calculation of the preset distance is completed.
在本发明实施例中，所述输出光检测装置4除了可以是上述独立的仪器外，还可以是与所述中心处理单元1集成在一个器件中的光信号检测电路，所述光信号检测电路通常包括PD探测，探测驱动电路，电压转换电路；并将转换得到的电压值输入给中心处理单元1的AD采样模块，通过分析所述AD采样得到的电压值便能够解析出过冲情况。In the embodiment of the present invention, the output light detecting device 4 may be an optical signal detecting circuit integrated in the device with the central processing unit 1 in addition to the independent instrument, and the optical signal detecting circuit. Generally, the PD detection, the detection driving circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit are included; and the converted voltage value is input to the AD sampling module of the central processing unit 1, and the overshoot condition can be resolved by analyzing the voltage value obtained by the AD sampling.
上述计算预设距离的过程可以是在实践执行环境下完成的，当然，更好的是在测试环境下完成。因此，结合本发明实施例，还提供了一种可选的实现方案，如下：The above process of calculating the preset distance may be performed in a practice execution environment, and of course, it is better to complete in a test environment. Therefore, in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, an optional implementation is also provided, as follows:
所述***还包括测试用光信号源，具体的：The system also includes a test optical signal source, specifically:
所述测试用光信号源向光纤传输通道中释放测试信号，并在拉曼光纤放大器中一个或者多个泵浦激光器处于最大功率参数工作状态时，关闭一个或者多个光通道的光信号，使得剩余光通道产生过冲情况；以便完成上述预设距离的计算。The test optical signal source releases the test signal into the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that The remaining optical channel generates an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the above preset distance.
实施例2:Example 2:
本发明实施例除了提供如实施例1所述的一种分布式泵浦激光器的增益瞬态控制***外，还提供了一种分布式泵浦激光器的增益瞬态控制方法，所述方法可以被运行在所述实施例1的***中，如图2所示，所述方法包括以下执行步骤：In addition to providing a gain transient control system of a distributed pump laser as described in Embodiment 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gain transient control method for a distributed pump laser, which can be Running in the system of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
在步骤201中，根据目标增益和增益斜率，计算拉曼光纤放大器的目标带外ASE功率值和泵浦激光器功率比例。In step 201, the target out-of-band ASE power value and the pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier are calculated based on the target gain and the gain slope.
其计算方式是通过等式Out_band_ASE_power＝k1*G+k2*Tilt+b(1)，计算得到所述目标带外ASE功率值，其中，Out_band_ASE_power是带外ASE功率值，G为增益值，Tilt为斜率，k1、k2和b为系数值，则将目标增益和增益斜率带入上式(1)，并结合k1、k2和b系数值，便可以计算得到目标带外ASE功率值。The calculation method is that the target out-of-band ASE power value is calculated by the equation Out_band_ASE_power=k1*G+k2*Tilt+b(1), wherein Out_band_ASE_power is the out-of-band ASE power value, G is the gain value, and Tilt is The slopes, k1, k2, and b are coefficient values, and the target gain and gain slope are brought into the above equation (1), and combined with the k1, k2, and b coefficient values, the target out-of-band ASE power value can be calculated.
而对于泵浦激光器功率比例计算则是通过等式p1/p2＝k3*G+k4*Tilt+b2(2)完成，其中，p1和p2对应不同的泵浦激光器的功率值，G为增益值，Tilt为斜率，k1、k2和b为系数值，则将目标增益和增益斜率带入上式(2)便可以得到所述泵浦激光器功率比例。For the pump laser power ratio calculation is completed by the equation p1/p2=k3*G+k4*Tilt+b2(2), where p1 and p2 correspond to the power values of different pump lasers, and G is the gain value. When Tilt is the slope and k1, k2 and b are the coefficient values, the pump laser power ratio can be obtained by bringing the target gain and the gain slope into the above equation (2).
在步骤202中，获取带外ASE功率数据。In step 202, out-of-band ASE power data is obtained.
所述带外ASE功率数据可以是通过图1中的带外ASE检测电路3检测得到。The out-of-band ASE power data may be detected by the out-of-band ASE detection circuit 3 of FIG.
在步骤203中，若检测到的带外ASE功率数据小于目标带外ASE功率值，则调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进。In step 203, if the detected out-of-band ASE power data is smaller than the target out-of-band ASE power value, adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is directed to the target band. The external ASE power value is progressive.
通常所述预设目标增益值被预先存储在如实施例1中所述的中心处理单元1中，或者是存储在与所述中心处理单元1相连的存储器中。其中，步进的跨度可以根据具体应用环境中泵浦的最大功率参数的不同可以做相应的调整，也可以参考目标增益和当前增益之间的距离做相应的调整，通常为0.02-0.05dB。Usually, the preset target gain value is previously stored in the central processing unit 1 as described in Embodiment 1, or is stored in a memory connected to the central processing unit 1. The step span can be adjusted according to the maximum power parameter of the pump in the specific application environment, or the distance between the target gain and the current gain can be adjusted accordingly, usually 0.02-0.05 dB.
其中，在所述调整一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的光信号增益值向预设目标增益值递进，还包括：The adjusting the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated optical signal gain value is advanced to the preset target gain value, further includes:
在步骤204中，判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值；若判断结果为拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值，则根据所述泵浦激光器功率比例和预设第一距离回调各泵浦激光器的增益，并且，在满足所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值与最大功率值相差大于预设第二距离时锁定增益，使得各泵浦激光器工作在回调后得到的增益值处。In step 204, it is determined whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, then And adjusting a gain of each pump laser according to the pump laser power ratio and a preset first distance, and locking when a difference between a power parameter value of the certain pump laser and a maximum power value is greater than a preset second distance The gain is such that each pump laser operates at a gain value obtained after the callback.
由于，拉曼光纤放大器中各泵浦激光器不仅需要向目标增益值调整，还需要满足其之间的增益斜率，因此，在实际操作中各泵浦激光器通常都是进行同步调整的，从而才能够保证增益斜率的客观统一的要求。其中，依照上述对增益斜率的工业要求，满足所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值与最大功率值相差大于预 设第二距离是为了保证预留足够的功率浮动空间，因此，在步骤204中，即便已经完成预设第一距离回调各泵浦激光器的增益，若泵浦激光器的功率值与最大功率值相差预设第二距离不满足的话，优选的是继续进行对应与增益递减的泵浦激光器的功率参数调整操作。Since each pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier not only needs to adjust to the target gain value, but also needs to satisfy the gain slope between them, therefore, in actual operation, each pump laser is usually synchronously adjusted, so that An objective uniform requirement for guaranteed gain slope. Wherein, according to the above industrial requirement for the gain slope, the difference between the power parameter value of the certain pump laser and the maximum power value is greater than the preset second distance is to ensure that sufficient power floating space is reserved, therefore, in step 204 If the preset first distance is adjusted to the gain of each pump laser, if the power value of the pump laser differs from the maximum power value by a predetermined second distance, it is preferable to continue the pump corresponding to the gain reduction. The power parameter adjustment operation of the laser.
本发明实施例在考虑了光信道中拉曼光纤放大器工作在低于目标增益而相应光功率已经处于饱和情况下，可能发生的光信道中的部分光信号会在传输途中被取下处理，此时光通道中的输入信号的总功率便会降低，最终造成的结果便是剩余光通道的会进一步调高增益，并造成过冲情况发生问题。本发明实施例采用了控制常态下，保证拉曼光纤放大器中泵浦激光器与其最大功率值之间的保持预设距离的方式，锁定放大器的实际控制增益，从而实现了在光信道中发生切换时(例如：上述的光信道中的部分光信号被取下)，剩余通道能够拥有平坦的增幅空间，而不至于产生对应于发生切换光信道所对应时段的剩余光信道的过冲，减少了***出现误码的可能性。在实际工程中除了所述光信道切换会造成剩余光信道过程以外，光信道的稳定性也会受到很多因素如光纤衰减、输入功率、接头损耗、模场直径等的影响。In the embodiment of the present invention, considering that the Raman fiber amplifier in the optical channel operates below the target gain and the corresponding optical power is already saturated, part of the optical signals in the optical channel that may occur may be removed during transmission. The total power of the input signal in the time channel is reduced, and the end result is that the remaining optical channel will further increase the gain and cause overshoot problems. The embodiment of the invention adopts a method of controlling the normal state to ensure a preset distance between the pump laser and the maximum power value in the Raman fiber amplifier, and locking the actual control gain of the amplifier, thereby realizing switching when the optical channel is switched. (For example, some of the optical signals in the optical channel described above are removed), and the remaining channels can have a flat amplifying space without generating an overshoot corresponding to the remaining optical channels of the time period in which the switching optical channel occurs, reducing the system. The possibility of a bit error. In actual engineering, in addition to the optical channel switching, which causes the residual optical channel process, the stability of the optical channel is also affected by many factors such as fiber attenuation, input power, joint loss, mode field diameter, and the like.
在本发明实施例中，由于光纤传输通道中的光通道存在瞬态的变化，因此，可能存在当前调整后的泵浦激光器的功率参数处于最大功率值，而下一刻因为光纤传输通道中需要达到目标增益的光通道被取下，带来了泵浦激光器的功率参数值又被下调的操作，因此，为了能够准确的判断泵浦激光器的功率参数达到最大值，并且会造成过冲的可能，本发明实施例还提供了一种优选的判断方式，能够避免依据在调整泵浦激光器参数后进行判断，可能带来效率降低问题(之所以说效率降低，是因为上述场景下光通道自身的瞬态变化就能带来泵浦激光器的功率参数从最大值下调)。其中，拉曼光纤放大器中各泵浦激光器的最大功率值被预先存储，则所述判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值，具体包括：In the embodiment of the present invention, since the optical channel in the optical fiber transmission channel has a transient change, the power parameter of the currently adjusted pump laser may be at the maximum power value, and the next moment is required in the optical fiber transmission channel. The optical channel of the target gain is removed, which brings the power parameter value of the pump laser to be down-regulated. Therefore, in order to accurately determine the power parameter of the pump laser reaches a maximum value and may cause overshoot, The embodiment of the invention also provides a preferred method for judging, which can avoid the problem of determining the efficiency of the pump laser after adjusting the parameters of the pump laser (the reason why the efficiency is lowered is because of the instant of the optical channel itself in the above scenario) The state change can bring the power parameter of the pump laser down from the maximum value). Wherein, the maximum power value of each of the pump lasers in the Raman fiber amplifier is pre-stored, and the determining whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches the maximum power value includes:
每次在进行泵浦激光器功率参数调整的时候，预先获取当前泵浦激光器的功率参数值，并与存储的各泵浦激光器的最大功率值进行比对；若对应某一泵浦激光器的比对结果相等，则判断所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值。Each time the pump laser power parameter adjustment is performed, the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the stored maximum power value of each pump laser; if corresponding to a certain pump laser is compared If the results are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
在本发明实施例中，所述调整一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进，具体包括：In the embodiment of the present invention, the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers is adjusted, and the out-of-band ASE power data is forwarded to the target out-of-band ASE power value, and specifically includes:
根据预设的信号的增益斜率、目标增益值，以及增益斜率、目标增益值和带外ASE功率数据三者之间的第一等式关系，还有各泵浦激光器的光功率比值与增益斜率和目标增益值三者之间的第二等式关系，计算得到各泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例和调整方向；其中，所述第一等式关系即为等式(1)，所述第二等式关系即为等式(2)。具体是根据预设的步进增益值大小，结合等式(1)和等式(2)计算出各泵浦激光器的功率参数调整比例和调整方向。并可以由类似图1结构中的中心处理单元1控制泵浦控制电路(2-1,…,2-n)完成相应功率参数调整值。According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction between the pump lasers; wherein the first equation relationship is the equation (1). The second equation is the equation (2). Specifically, according to the preset step gain value, the power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction of each pump laser are calculated according to the equations (1) and (2). The pump control circuit (2-1, ..., 2-n) can be controlled by the central processing unit 1 in the structure of Fig. 1 to complete the corresponding power parameter adjustment value.
根据所述光功率参数调整比例和调整方向，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数。Adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers according to the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction.
在本发明实施例实现方式中，所述预设距离是通过动态计算生成，可以被存储在中心处理单元1中，也可以存储在独立的存储器中，而对应其具体生成方式，如图3所示，包括以下执行步骤：In the implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the preset distance is generated by dynamic calculation, may be stored in the central processing unit 1, or may be stored in an independent memory, and corresponding to the specific generation manner, as shown in FIG. The indication includes the following steps:
在步骤301中，确定当前输出光信号波形中出现过冲情况，则按照预设的递减长度进行增益的递减，直到当前输出光信号波形恢复正常状态。In step 301, it is determined that an overshoot condition occurs in the waveform of the current output optical signal, and then the gain is decremented according to a preset decreasing length until the current output optical signal waveform returns to a normal state.
其中，通过观察如图1所示的输出光检测装置4(例如：示波器)，可以确定信号光谱恢复正常状态。因此，步骤301可以通过实施例1中所描述的，基于中心处理单元1和输出光检测装置4之间的数据信道连接，并由中心处理单元1完成过冲和恢复正常状态的判断；步骤301也可以通过人为观察所述输出光检测装置4中呈现的波形图，来进行过冲和恢复正常状态的判断。上述两种方式，均属于本发明实施例方法的保护范围内。Here, by observing the output light detecting device 4 (for example, an oscilloscope) as shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to determine that the signal spectrum returns to a normal state. Therefore, step 301 can be based on the data channel connection between the central processing unit 1 and the output light detecting device 4, as described in Embodiment 1, and the central processing unit 1 completes the overshoot and the determination to restore the normal state; It is also possible to perform overshoot and return to the normal state by artificially observing the waveform diagram presented in the output light detecting device 4. Both of the above methods are within the protection scope of the method of the embodiment of the present invention.
在步骤302中，记录恢复正常状态时对应的泵浦激光器的功率参数与其最大功率参数差值，以及恢复正常状态时在增益上回调表现的第一距离。In step 302, the difference between the power parameter of the corresponding pump laser and its maximum power parameter when the normal state is restored, and the first distance represented by the gain on the gain when the normal state is restored is recorded.
在步骤303中，将多次计算得到的差值求平均得到所述预设第二距离，并将多次计算得到的第一距离求平均得到所述预设第一距离。In step 303, the plurality of calculated differences are averaged to obtain the preset second distance, and the plurality of calculated first distances are averaged to obtain the preset first distance.
需要强调的是，所属步骤301-303可以是在一个测试***中被执行，也可以是在一个具体应用场合下被执行，将放大器的输出信号接入光信号波形检测装置(示波器)，通过观察输出光信号波形从较大过冲回复到正常波形状态，来完成上述步骤301-303的执行内容。而对于具体应用场合下，就需要参考图1所示，在信号输出口上设置分光器7，并将光检测装置4与所示分光器7的分光接口连接，完成上述步骤301-303的执行内容。It should be emphasized that the steps 301-303 may be performed in a test system, or may be performed in a specific application, and the output signal of the amplifier is connected to the optical signal waveform detecting device (oscilloscope) through observation. The output optical signal waveform is restored from a large overshoot to a normal waveform state to complete the execution of the above steps 301-303. For a specific application, as shown in FIG. 1, the optical splitter 7 is disposed on the signal output port, and the optical detecting device 4 is connected to the optical splitting interface of the optical splitter 7 to complete the execution of the above steps 301-303. .
其中，所述多次计算优选的是在具有光信道切换差异性的条件下完成的，并且，以计算平均值的方式得到所述预设距离，仅仅是获取预设距离多种实现方式中的一种。在具体实现方式中，步骤303还可以执行为303’。The multiple calculations are preferably performed under the condition that the optical channel switching difference is obtained, and the preset distance is obtained by calculating the average value, which is only in the multiple implementation manners of acquiring the preset distance. One. In a specific implementation, step 303 can also be performed as 303'.
在步骤303’中，按照每一次测试中光信道切换的特性，建立光信道切换特性与对应预设距离的映射关系。所述映射关系用于在具体实践过程中，可以在执行步骤203时，根据光信道切换的特性，查找相应的预设距离，并用于完成本发明实施例中步骤203的调整。其中，光信道切换的特性，通常是指被切换(本发明实施例中也描述为取下)的光信道的频带宽度、功率大小等等参数。In step 303', the mapping relationship between the optical channel switching characteristics and the corresponding preset distance is established according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching in each test. The mapping relationship is used to find the corresponding preset distance according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching, and is used to complete the adjustment of step 203 in the embodiment of the present invention. The characteristics of the optical channel switching generally refer to parameters such as a bandwidth, a power level, and the like of an optical channel that is switched (also described as being removed in the embodiment of the present invention).
同样的，上述生成预设距离的方式可以是在具体应用实践过程中统计得到；也可以是预先通过测试方法计算完成；还可以是一种基于预先测试方法计算得到的初始值，并进一步经由时间过程中验证、更新完成，上述几种方式均属于本发明实施例所保护的范围内，由于步骤301-303已经隐含了在实践中生成所述预设距离的内容，因此，接下来具体通过如何通过测试***进行所述预设距离计算的，如图4所示，包括：Similarly, the manner of generating the preset distance may be statistically obtained in a specific application practice process, or may be completed by a test method in advance, or may be an initial value calculated based on a pre-test method, and further passed the time. In the process, the verification and the update are completed, and the above several methods are all within the scope protected by the embodiment of the present invention. Since the steps 301-303 already imply the content of the preset distance generated in practice, therefore, the specific How to perform the preset distance calculation by the test system, as shown in FIG. 4, includes:
在步骤401中，测试用光信号源向光纤传输通道中释放测试信号。In step 401, the test optical signal source releases the test signal into the fiber optic transmission channel.
在步骤402中，在拉曼光纤放大器中一个或者多个泵浦激光器处于最大功率参数工作状态时，关闭一个或者多个光通道的光信号，使得剩余光通道产生过冲情况。In step 402, when one or more of the pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter operating state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more of the optical channels are turned off, causing the remaining optical channels to generate an overshoot condition.
其中，光通道具体指来自于某一特定信号源的，能够代表完整信息的光信号在光纤传输通道中的表现。即若光纤传输通道中存在来自信号源A、信号源B和信号源C的光信号，则可以分别将来自信号源A、信号源B和信号源C的光信号各称为一路光信道，而切换(取下)光信道即指的是将相应信号源的光信号剥离出光纤信道。The optical channel specifically refers to the performance of an optical signal capable of representing complete information in a fiber transmission channel from a specific signal source. That is, if there are optical signals from the signal source A, the signal source B, and the signal source C in the optical fiber transmission channel, the optical signals from the signal source A, the signal source B, and the signal source C may be referred to as an optical channel, respectively. Switching (removing) an optical channel refers to stripping the optical signal of the corresponding signal source out of the fiber channel.
在步骤403中，确定当前信号光谱中出现过冲情况，则按照预设的递减长度进行增益的递减，直到当前信号光谱恢复正常状态。In step 403, if an overshoot condition occurs in the current signal spectrum, the gain is decremented according to a preset decreasing length until the current signal spectrum returns to a normal state.
其中，所述光谱恢复正常状态特指上述的过冲现象消失，即信号光谱的形状恢复正常。Wherein, the spectrum returns to a normal state, specifically that the overshoot phenomenon disappears, that is, the shape of the signal spectrum returns to normal.
在步骤404中，记录恢复正常状态时对应的泵浦激光器的功率参数与其最大功率参数差值，以及恢复正常状态时在增益上回调表现的第一距离。In step 404, the difference between the power parameter of the corresponding pump laser and its maximum power parameter when the normal state is restored, and the first distance represented by the gain on the gain when the normal state is restored is recorded.
在步骤405中，将多次计算得到的差值求平均得到所述预设第二距离，并将多次计算得到的第一距离求平均得到所述预设第一距离。In step 405, the plurality of calculated differences are averaged to obtain the preset second distance, and the plurality of calculated first distances are averaged to obtain the preset first distance.
其中，所述多次计算优选的是在具有光信道切换差异性的条件下完成的，并且，以计算平均值的方式得到所述预设距离，仅仅是获取预设距离多种实现方式中的一种。在具体实现方式中，步骤405还可以执行为405’。The multiple calculations are preferably performed under the condition that the optical channel switching difference is obtained, and the preset distance is obtained by calculating the average value, which is only in the multiple implementation manners of acquiring the preset distance. One. In a specific implementation, step 405 can also be performed as 405'.
在步骤405’中，按照每一次测试中光信道切换的特性，建立光信道切换特性与对应预设距离的映射关系。所述映射关系用于在具体实践过程中，可以在执行步骤203时，根据光信道切换的特性，查找相应的预设距离，并用于完成本发明实施例中步骤203的调整。其中，光信道切换的特性，通常是指被切换(本发明实施例中也描述为取下)的光信道的频带宽度、功率大小等等参数。In step 405', the mapping relationship between the optical channel switching characteristics and the corresponding preset distance is established according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching in each test. The mapping relationship is used to find the corresponding preset distance according to the characteristics of the optical channel switching, and is used to complete the adjustment of step 203 in the embodiment of the present invention. The characteristics of the optical channel switching generally refer to parameters such as a bandwidth, a power level, and the like of an optical channel that is switched (also described as being removed in the embodiment of the present invention).
实施例3：Example 3:
本发明实施例除了提供如实施例1所述的***，以及实施例2所述的涉及核心点方法步骤外，还以一个较为完整的控制步骤流程将泵浦激光器控制过程进行阐述。在本发明实施例中，为了描述的简便均一单一泵浦激光器作为描述对象，但是，其代表的含义均为拉曼光纤放大器中的任一一个泵浦激光器对象。如图5所示，模块上点开始，并完成初始化后，方法包括以下执行步骤：In addition to providing the system as described in Embodiment 1, and the steps related to the core point method described in Embodiment 2, the embodiment of the present invention further describes the pump laser control process in a relatively complete control step procedure. In the embodiment of the present invention, a simple and uniform single pump laser is described for the purpose of description, but it represents a pump laser object of any of the Raman fiber amplifiers. As shown in Figure 5, after the module starts up and completes initialization, the method includes the following steps:
在步骤501中，将泵浦激光器的控制增益G置为初始增益G s0，G＝G s0。读取放大器设置的目标增益G s。 In step 501, the control gain G of the pump laser is set to an initial gain G s0 , G = G s0 . Read the target gain G s set by the amplifier.
在步骤502中，判断与执行。如果G＝G s，则执行步骤509锁定当前增益；如果G＞G s，则进入步骤510；如果G＜G s，则进入步骤503。 In step 502, a determination and execution are performed. If G=G s , step 509 is performed to lock the current gain; if G>G s , then step 510 is entered; if G<G s , then step 503 is entered.
在步骤503中，判断：如果G＜G s且P λm＜P λm_max，进入步骤504；否则转到步骤505。 In step 503, it is judged that if G < G s and P λm < P λm_max , the process proceeds to step 504; otherwise, the process proceeds to step 505.
在步骤504中，按照一定的步长g，逐步增加控制的增益G，G＝G n＝G n-1+g，重复步骤503。 In step 504, according to certain steps g, gradually increasing the control gain G, G = G n = G n -1 + g, step 503 is repeated.
在步骤505中，判断：如果G＜G s且P λm≥P λm_max，则按步长g降低放大器的锁定增益值G，G＝G n＝G n-1-g，并转到步骤506，否则锁定当前增益，并转到步骤502。 In step 505, it is determined that if G < G s and P λm ≥ P λm_max , the lock gain value G of the amplifier is lowered by step g, G = G n = G n-1 -g, and the process proceeds to step 506. Otherwise the current gain is locked and go to step 502.
在步骤506中，按照一定的步进值g，降低模块的控制增益值：G＝G n，G n＝G n-1-g，n＝1,2，…。实时检测各个波长的泵浦激光器的输出光功率值P λm。并进入步骤507。 In step 506, according to a certain step value g, the control gain value for the module: G = G n, G n = G n-1 -g, n = 1,2, .... The output optical power value P λm of the pump laser of each wavelength is detected in real time. And proceeds to step 507.
在步骤507中，判断：如果G＜Gs且|P λm_max-P λm|≤ΔP，则计入步骤508。否则，转到步骤502。 In step 507, it is judged that if G < Gs and |P λm_max - P λm | ≤ ΔP, the process proceeds to step 508. Otherwise, go to step 502.
在步骤508中，保持当前锁定增益不变，并重复步骤507的判断。In step 508, the current lock gain is maintained unchanged, and the determination of step 507 is repeated.
在步骤509中，模块锁定当前增益实时计算输入光信号功率P s实时检测各个波长的泵浦激光器的输出光功率值P λm，转到步骤502。 In step 509, the current gain real-time calculation module locking the pump laser of each wavelength input optical signal power P s real-time detection output optical power value P λm, proceeds to step 502.
在步骤510中，按照一定的步长g，逐步降低控制的增益G，G＝G n＝G n-1-g；转到步骤502。 In step 510, according to certain step g, to gradually reduce the control gain G, G = G n = G n -1 -g; goes to step 502.
其中，实施例2所述的方法相当于本发明实施例中步骤505-步骤506-步骤507-步骤508这一支，而为了达到一个共同目的，即维持光通道的稳定，避免出现过冲。其中，步骤502-步骤510这一支也是在发生光通道切换时，最容易产生的情况。因为，光通道的切换会造成输入到泵浦激光器中的光信号功率降低，若此时泵浦激光器的功率参数还有盈余，则剩余的光通道表现出来的结果就是增益值在发生光信道切换的时候瞬间增大，即满足步骤502-步骤510的判断条件，因此，为了保证剩余通道信号的稳定，需要在检测 到G>Gs时候，执行步骤510。步骤502-步骤510这一支判断和执行内容可以作为实施例2中方法内容的补充情况的实现方案。The method described in Embodiment 2 is equivalent to the step 505-Step 506-Step 507-Step 508 in the embodiment of the present invention, and in order to achieve a common purpose, the optical channel is maintained stably, and overshoot is avoided. Among them, the step 502 - step 510 is also the most likely to occur when the optical channel switching occurs. Because the switching of the optical channel causes the power of the optical signal input to the pump laser to decrease. If the power parameter of the pump laser has a surplus, the remaining optical channel exhibits the result that the gain value is switched in the optical channel. The time is increased, that is, the judgment condition of step 502 to step 510 is satisfied. Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the remaining channel signal, step 510 is performed when G>Gs is detected. Step 502 - Step 510 This judgment and execution content can be implemented as an addition to the method content in Embodiment 2.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***，***中包括由一个或者多个泵浦激光器构成的拉曼光纤放大器和对应每一泵浦激光器的控制电路，对应所述拉曼光纤放大器还设置有带外ASE检测电路，其中，泵浦激光器的控制电路和带外ASE检测电路分别连接中心处理单元，其特征在于，所述***具体包括：A gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, the system comprising a Raman fiber amplifier composed of one or more pump lasers and a control circuit corresponding to each pump laser, corresponding to the Raman fiber amplifier An out-of-band ASE detection circuit is further provided, wherein the control circuit of the pump laser and the out-of-band ASE detection circuit are respectively connected to the central processing unit, wherein the system specifically includes:
    中心处理单元根据目标增益和增益斜率，计算拉曼光纤放大器的目标带外ASE功率值和泵浦激光器功率比例；The central processing unit calculates a target out-of-band ASE power value and a pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier according to the target gain and the gain slope;
    中心处理单元获取带外ASE检测电路反馈的带外ASE功率数据；The central processing unit acquires out-of-band ASE power data fed back by the out-of-band ASE detection circuit;
    若检测到的带外ASE功率数据小于目标带外ASE功率值，则中心处理单元控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进；If the detected out-of-band ASE power data is less than the target out-of-band ASE power value, the central processing unit controls the control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers so that the calculated band The external ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value;
    其中，在所述中心处理单元控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进时，还包括：Wherein the central processing unit controls a control circuit of the corresponding pump laser to adjust the power parameters of the one or more pump lasers such that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value ,Also includes:
    所述中心处理单元判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值；若判断结果为拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值，则根据所述泵浦激光器功率比例和预设第一距离，回调各泵浦激光器的增益，并且，在满足所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值与最大功率值相差大于预设第二距离时锁定增益，使得各泵浦激光器工作在回调后得到的增益值处。The central processing unit determines whether the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, then And adjusting a gain of each pump laser according to the pump laser power ratio and a preset first distance, and when the power parameter value of the certain pump laser is satisfied to be greater than a preset second distance The gain is locked so that each pump laser operates at the gain value obtained after the callback.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***，其特征在于，所述中心处理单元判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值，具体包括：The gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the central processing unit determines whether a power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, Specifically include:
    中心处理单元中存储有对应拉曼光纤放大器中各泵浦激光器的最大功率值；The central processing unit stores a maximum power value of each pump laser in the corresponding Raman fiber amplifier;
    中心处理单元每次在控制泵浦激光器的控制电路，进行泵浦激光器功率参数调整的时候，预先获取当前泵浦激光器的功率参数值，并与自身存储的各泵浦激光器的最大功率值进行比对；若对应某一泵浦激光器的比对结果相等，则判断所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值。Each time the central processing unit controls the pump laser control circuit and adjusts the pump laser power parameter, the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the maximum power value of each pump laser stored therein. If the comparison results of a certain pump laser are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***，其特征在于，所述中心处理单元控制相应泵浦激光器的控制电路，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进，具体包括：A gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to claim 1, wherein said central processing unit controls a control circuit of a corresponding pump laser to adjust the power of said one or more pump lasers The parameter is such that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value, and specifically includes:
    根据预设的信号的增益斜率、目标增益值，以及增益斜率、目标增益值和带外ASE功率数据三者之间的第一等式关系，还有各泵浦激光器的光功率比值与增益斜率和目标增益值三者之间的第二等式关系，计算得到各泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例和调整方向；According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
    根据所述光功率参数调整比例和调整方向，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数。Adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers according to the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction.
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***，其特征在于，所述预设距离由中心处理单元生成，所述***还包括输出光检测装置，具体的：A gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to any of claims 1-3, wherein said preset distance is generated by a central processing unit, said system further comprising output light detecting means, of:
    中心处理单元根据输出光检测装置，确定当前光信号波形中出现过冲情况，则按照预设的递减长度进行增益的递减，直到当前光信号波形恢复正常状态，记录恢复正常状态时对应的泵浦激光器的功率参数与其最大功率值之间的差值，以及恢复正常状态时在增益上回调表现的第一距离；并将多次计算得到的差值求平均得到所述预设第二距离，并将多次计算得到的第一距离求平均得到所述预设第一距离。The central processing unit determines, according to the output light detecting device, that an overshoot condition occurs in the current optical signal waveform, and then reduces the gain according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to a normal state, and records the corresponding pump when the normal state is restored. a difference between a power parameter of the laser and a maximum power value thereof, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance, and The first distance calculated multiple times is averaged to obtain the preset first distance.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制***，其特征在于，所述***还包括测试用光信号源，具体的：The gain transient control system for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to claim 4, wherein the system further comprises a test optical signal source, specifically:
    所述测试用光信号源向光纤传输通道中释放测试信号，并在拉曼光纤放大器中一个或者多个泵浦激光器处于最大功率参数工作状态时，关闭一个或者多个光通道的光信号，使得剩余光通道产生过冲情况；以便完成所述预设距离的计算。The test optical signal source releases the test signal into the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that The remaining optical path produces an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the preset distance.
  6. 一种分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：A gain transient control method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, characterized in that the method comprises:
    根据目标增益和增益斜率，计算拉曼光纤放大器的目标带外ASE功率值和泵浦激光器功率比例；Calculating the target out-band ASE power value and the pump laser power ratio of the Raman fiber amplifier according to the target gain and the gain slope;
    获取带外ASE功率数据；Obtaining out-of-band ASE power data;
    若检测到的带外ASE功率数据小于目标带外ASE功率值，则调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进；If the detected out-of-band ASE power data is smaller than the target out-of-band ASE power value, adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is delivered to the target out-of-band ASE power value Enter
    其中，在所述调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进时，还包括：Wherein, when the optical power parameter of the one or more pump lasers is adjusted, so that the calculated out-of-band ASE power data is advanced to the target out-of-band ASE power value, the method further includes:
    判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值；若判断结果为拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值，则根据所述泵浦激光器功率比例和预设第一距离回调各泵浦激光器的增益，并且，在满足所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值与最大功率值相差大于预设第二距离时锁定增益，使得各泵浦激光器工作在回调后得到的增益值处。Determining whether a power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value; if the judgment result is that the power parameter value of a pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier reaches a maximum power value, according to the pump The laser power ratio and the preset first distance callback the gain of each pump laser, and lock the gain when the power parameter value of the certain pump laser is different from the maximum power value by more than a preset second distance, so that the pumps The laser operates at the gain value obtained after the callback.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法，其特征在于，拉曼光纤放大器中各泵浦激光器的最大功率值被预先存储，则所述判断拉曼光纤放大器中某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值是否达到最大功率值，具体包括：The gain transient control method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to claim 6, wherein the maximum power value of each pump laser in the Raman fiber amplifier is pre-stored, and the judging Raman fiber amplifier Whether the power parameter value of a certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value, specifically includes:
    每次在进行泵浦激光器功率参数调整的时候，预先获取当前泵浦激光器的功率参数值，并与存储的各泵浦激光器的最大功率值进行比对；若对应某一泵浦激光器的比对结果相等，则判断所述某一泵浦激光器的功率参数值达到最大功率值。Each time the pump laser power parameter adjustment is performed, the power parameter value of the current pump laser is obtained in advance and compared with the stored maximum power value of each pump laser; if corresponding to a certain pump laser is compared If the results are equal, it is determined that the power parameter value of the certain pump laser reaches the maximum power value.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法，其特征在于，所述调整一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数，使得计算出的带外ASE功率数据向目标带外ASE功率值递进，具体包括：The gain transient control method for a distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to claim 6, wherein the adjusting optical power parameters of one or more pump lasers causes the calculated out-of-band ASE power data to be directed to the target The out-of-band ASE power value is progressive, including:
    根据预设的信号的增益斜率、目标增益值，以及增益斜率、目标增益值和带外ASE功率数据三者之间的第一等式关系，还有各泵浦激光器的光功率比值与增益斜率和目标增益值三者之间的第二等式关系，计算得到各泵浦激光器间的光功率参数调整比例和调整方向；According to the preset signal gain slope, the target gain value, and the first equation relationship between the gain slope, the target gain value and the out-of-band ASE power data, and the optical power ratio and gain slope of each pump laser. And a second equation relationship between the target gain value and the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and adjustment direction between the pump lasers;
    根据所述光功率参数调整比例和调整方向，调整所述一个或者多个泵浦激光器的光功率参数。Adjusting the optical power parameters of the one or more pump lasers according to the optical power parameter adjustment ratio and the adjustment direction.
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法，其特征在于，所述预设距离是通过计算生成，预设距离的计算具体包括：The gain transient control method of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to any one of claims 6-8, wherein the preset distance is generated by calculation, and the calculation of the preset distance specifically includes:
    确定当前光信号波形中出现过冲情况，则按照预设的递减长度进行增益的递减，直到当前光信号波形恢复正常状态，记录恢复正常状态时对应的泵浦激光器的功率参数与其最大功率参数差值，以及恢复正常状态时在增益上回调表现的第一距离；并将多次计算得到的差值求平均得到所述预设第二距离，并将多次计算得到的第一距离求平均得到所述预设第一距离。Determining the overshoot condition in the current optical signal waveform, the gain is decremented according to the preset decreasing length until the current optical signal waveform returns to the normal state, and the power parameter of the corresponding pump laser is different from the maximum power parameter when the recording returns to the normal state. a value, and a first distance represented by a callback on the gain when the normal state is restored; and averaging the plurality of calculated differences to obtain the preset second distance, and averaging the plurality of calculated first distances The preset first distance.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的分布式拉曼光纤放大器的增益瞬态控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：The gain transient control method of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier according to claim 9, wherein the method further comprises:
    测试用光信号源向光纤传输通道中释放测试信号，并在拉曼光纤放大器中一个或者多个泵浦激光器处于最大功率参数工作状态时，关闭一个或者多个光通道的光信号，使得剩余光通道产生过冲情况；以便完成所述预设距离的计算。The test optical signal source releases the test signal to the optical fiber transmission channel, and when one or more of the pump lasers are in the maximum power parameter working state in the Raman fiber amplifier, the optical signals of one or more optical channels are turned off, so that the remaining light The channel generates an overshoot condition; in order to complete the calculation of the preset distance.
PCT/CN2017/118197 2017-08-31 2017-12-25 Gain-based transient control system and method for distributed raman fiber amplifier WO2019041682A1 (en)

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