WO2019029533A1 - Acier coulé, procédé de préparation d'acier coulé et utilisation d'acier coulé - Google Patents

Acier coulé, procédé de préparation d'acier coulé et utilisation d'acier coulé Download PDF

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WO2019029533A1
WO2019029533A1 PCT/CN2018/099201 CN2018099201W WO2019029533A1 WO 2019029533 A1 WO2019029533 A1 WO 2019029533A1 CN 2018099201 W CN2018099201 W CN 2018099201W WO 2019029533 A1 WO2019029533 A1 WO 2019029533A1
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cast steel
steel
cast
alloy
molten
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PCT/CN2018/099201
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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曹健峰
徐海波
赵延阔
徐贵宝
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中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of alloy materials, in particular to a method for preparing cast steel and cast steel and an application thereof.
  • the cast low temperature steel commonly used at home and abroad is chrome-nickel austenitic stainless steel. These steel grades have good low temperature toughness, but the comprehensive mechanical properties can not fully meet the requirements of truck parts.
  • Another disadvantage of austenitic stainless steel is that the alloy contains a large amount of valuable elements such as Cr and Ni, and the cost is high.
  • the Chinese patent publication No. CN 101886223B discloses a preparation method of a high strength, high toughness low alloy manganese type cast steel, and the weight percentage of each component in the cast steel is: C: 0.12 to 0.32 wt. %; Mn: 1.90 to 3.50 wt.%; Si: 0.10 to 0.50 wt.%; P: 0.01 to 0.03 wt.%; S: 0.01 to 0.03 wt.%; Al: 0.01 to 0.05 wt.%; Ti: 0.01 ⁇ 0.05wt.%; V: 0-0.05wt.%; B: 0-0.008wt%; Ce: 0.05-0.25wt.%; the balance is Fe.
  • the low alloy cast steel uses Mn as a main alloying element, and adds a small amount of alloying elements such as Al, Ti, V, B and rare earth element Ce, and is cast by a conventional steelmaking process, and then cast by sand casting or precision casting.
  • the tempered martensite structure is obtained by water quenching and medium-high temperature tempering heat treatment. This document discloses that the mechanical properties of cast steel are as follows: tensile strength 800 ⁇ 1100MPa, yield strength 600 ⁇ 900MPa, elongation after fracture 10 ⁇ 18%, reduction of section shrinkage 40 ⁇ 60%, V-notch room temperature impact work 50 ⁇ 120J, V type The gap -40 ° C impact work 30 ⁇ 90J.
  • the cast steel disclosed in this document is a low alloy manganese cast steel, a plurality of microalloying elements are added to refine the grain size, and a water quenching process is combined to obtain a higher strength. It is mainly suitable for the manufacture of high-strength cast steel structural parts with high requirements on impact toughness, but the water quenching treatment will increase the deformation and cracking tendency of the casting.
  • the Chinese patent publication No. CN 103194687B discloses a low-alloy low-strength high-strength cast steel and a preparation method thereof.
  • the composition of the cast steel and its mass percentage are: carbon 0.05%, manganese 0.10%, silicon 0.10%, phosphorus 0.005. %, sulfur 0.005%, nickel 0.50%, chromium 0.10%, molybdenum 0.10%, vanadium 0.01%, copper 0.005%, aluminum 0.002%, iron balance.
  • the disclosed cast steel has a tensile strength of 570-590 MPa, a yield strength of 460-475 MPa, an elongation of 25-27%, a section shrinkage of 67-70%, a carbon equivalent of ⁇ 0.45%, and an impact energy of -40 °C. 110J.
  • the cast steel disclosed in this document has good comprehensive mechanical properties, but its phosphorus and sulfur content is too high, and it needs refining furnace refining treatment, which is not convenient for industrial application.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing cast steel and cast steel and an application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the low temperature toughness of the cast steel in the prior art is difficult to meet the requirements of use in an alpine region.
  • a cast steel which, in terms of mass percentage, comprises: 0.12% to 0.22% of carbon, 0.3% to 0.6% of silicon, and 0.8% to 1.1% of manganese. , phosphorus ⁇ 0.020%, sulfur ⁇ 0.020%, chromium 0.3% to 0.5%, nickel 0.35% to 0.5%, ⁇ 0.02% to 0.06%, the balance is iron and inevitable impurities.
  • the mass percentage of nickel is from 0.36% to 0.46%.
  • the sum of the mass percentages of phosphorus and sulfur is ⁇ 0.035%.
  • the mass percentage of carbon is from 0.19% to 0.22%.
  • the mass percentage of silicon is from 0.35% to 0.48%.
  • the mass percentage of chromium is from 0.34% to 0.41%.
  • the mass percentage of niobium is 0.02% to 0.04%.
  • the tensile strength of the cast steel is 540 MPa or more, preferably, the lower yield strength of the cast steel is 360 MPa or more, preferably the elongation at break of the cast steel is 20% or more; preferably, the Charpy V-type impact of the cast steel at -60 ° C
  • the absorbed energy is greater than or equal to 20J.
  • the tensile strength of the cast steel is 550 MPa or more, preferably, the lower yield strength of the cast steel is 360 MPa or more, preferably the elongation at break of the cast steel is 20% or more; preferably, the Charpy V type of -60 ° C of the cast steel.
  • the impact absorption energy is greater than or equal to 20J.
  • a method for preparing a cast steel comprising: preparing a metal nickel, a Fe-Mn alloy, a Fe-Cr alloy, and an Fe-Nb alloy according to the composition of any of the above cast steels.
  • Fe-Si alloy, carbon powder, iron ore and scrap steel melting and oxidizing waste steel and metal nickel to obtain iron oxide water; reducing molten iron water by carbon powder to obtain reduced iron water; adding Fe-Mn to reduced iron water
  • the alloy, the Fe-Cr alloy, the Fe-Nb alloy, and the Fe-Si alloy obtain a molten steel; and the molten steel is sequentially cast and heat-treated to obtain a cast steel.
  • the step of melting and oxidizing the scrap steel and the metal nickel comprises: placing the scrap steel and the metallic nickel in the furnace body of the electric arc furnace, heating the molten pool temperature of the electric arc furnace to 1560 to 1580 ° C; adding iron ore to the furnace body The stone is oxidized by introducing oxygen into the furnace body; and when the carbon content in the material in the furnace is reduced to 0.15% to 0.19% and the temperature of the molten pool is raised to 1590 ° C to 1610 ° C, the oxidation slag is removed to obtain iron oxide water.
  • Fe-Mn alloy, Fe-Cr alloy, Fe-Nb alloy and Fe-Si alloy are baked to 300 ° C to 500 ° C until use after adding reduced molten iron.
  • the step of sequentially casting and heat-treating the molten steel comprises: pouring steel liquid at 1600 ° C or higher, pouring in a mold at 1550 ° C to 1590 ° C, and cooling to obtain cast cast steel; casting casting The steel is heated to 900 ° C ⁇ 960 ° C and kept for 3 to 5 hours; the cast cast steel after 3 to 5 hours of heat preservation is cooled to 80 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C in a normal temperature oil medium for quenching treatment; casting after quenching treatment The cast steel is kept at 600 ° C to 650 ° C for 3 to 5 hours for tempering treatment; and the cast steel after the tempering treatment is air-cooled to room temperature to obtain cast steel.
  • a component of a railway wagon which is prepared by casting steel, which is any of the above-mentioned cast steels, preferably the railway wagon is in an environment below freezing temperature railway wagons running.
  • a component for use in the railway field is provided, and the component is prepared by using the above cast steel.
  • a railway wagon including a component that is a component described above.
  • the technical solution of the present invention by reasonably setting the alloy addition content, the type and content of the added alloy are less, and the composition is easy to control, thereby making the production cost of the cast steel low.
  • the content of phosphorus and sulfur is limited.
  • the embrittlement effect of phosphorus on cast steel is mainly because phosphorus is easily segregated at grain boundaries, thereby reducing the surface energy of grain boundaries.
  • phosphorus can also form phosphorus eutectic on grain boundaries.
  • Nickel is the most effective element to reduce the cold-brittle transition temperature of steel, because nickel is an element that enlarges the austenite region, which can strengthen the matrix and improve toughness. Nickel can increase the activity of carbon and enhance the segregation of carbon atoms around dislocations. The steel is strengthened by precipitation, thereby hindering the movement of dislocations; nickel can improve the plasticity of the steel under various heat treatments, and the above-mentioned content of chromium-nickel has a very high impact toughness.
  • Example 1 shows a metallographic diagram when the metallographic structure of the cast steel of Example 1 of the present invention obtained by using the Observer.A1m type metallographic microscope is magnified 100 times;
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing a metallographic diagram when the metallographic structure of the cast steel according to Example 1 of the present invention obtained by using the Observer.A1m type metallographic microscope was magnified 500 times.
  • the present application provides a cast steel and a method for preparing the cast steel.
  • a cast steel which comprises, by mass percent, carbon: 0.12% to 0.22%, silicon 0.3% to 0.6%, and manganese 0.8% to 1.1%. , phosphorus ⁇ 0.020%, sulfur ⁇ 0.020%, chromium 0.3% to 0.5%, nickel 0.35% to 0.5%, ⁇ 0.02% to 0.06%, the balance is iron and inevitable impurities.
  • the type and content of the added alloy are small, and the composition is easily controlled, so that the production cost of the cast steel is low.
  • the content of phosphorus and sulfur is limited.
  • the embrittlement effect of phosphorus on cast steel is mainly because phosphorus is easily segregated at grain boundaries, thereby reducing the surface energy of grain boundaries.
  • phosphorus can also form phosphorus eutectic on grain boundaries.
  • Nickel is the most effective element to reduce the cold-brittle transition temperature of steel, because nickel is an element that enlarges the austenite region, which can strengthen the matrix and improve toughness. Nickel can increase the activity of carbon and enhance the segregation of carbon atoms around dislocations. The steel is strengthened by precipitation, thereby hindering the movement of dislocations; nickel can improve the plasticity of the steel under various heat treatments, and the above-mentioned content of chromium-nickel has a very high impact toughness.
  • the mass percentage of nickel in the cast steel is 0.36%. ⁇ 0.46%.
  • the sum of the mass percentages of phosphorus and sulfur in the above cast steel is ⁇ 0.035%.
  • the main role of carbon in cast steel is to form pearlite or dispersed alloy carbides to strengthen the cast steel, but carbon will sharply reduce the low temperature toughness of the steel, and increase the cold brittle transition temperature of the steel, in order to keep the cast steel Good solderability and low ductile-brittle transition temperature, preferably in the above cast steel, the mass percentage of carbon is from 0.19% to 0.22%.
  • the main role of silicon in cast steel is to improve the strength and hardness of cast steel.
  • the addition of silicon can not only improve the hardenability with manganese, but also effectively inhibit the precipitation and segregation of carbides from martensite during tempering. It can maintain high hardness at higher temperature, and can reduce the critical cooling rate of steel and improve the hardenability of steel, but at the same time reduce the toughness and plasticity of steel to some extent, in order to exert the strengthening effect of silicon. Without damaging the low temperature toughness of the cast steel, it is preferred that the above-mentioned cast steel has a mass percentage of silicon of 0.35% to 0.48%.
  • the main role of manganese in cast steel is to increase the stability of austenite in cast steel structure, refine pearlite, improve the hardenability of steel, and reduce the phase transition temperature of austenite to ferrite transformation. As the Mn/C ratio in the steel increases, the ductile-brittle transition temperature decreases linearly. In order to fully exert the effective effect of manganese, it is preferable that the mass percentage of silicon in the cast steel is 0.84% to 1.08%.
  • the main role of chromium in cast steel is to make the cast steel have good hardenability.
  • the chromium with a content below 2% can be completely dissolved in the ferrite, and its strength can be improved without reducing its plasticity.
  • the strength and the toughness after tempering are preferably in the above cast steel, and the mass percentage of chromium is from 0.34% to 0.41%.
  • niobium in cast steel The main role of niobium in cast steel is to increase the strength of cast steel by fine grain strengthening.
  • Nb can form carbides or nitrides with C, N or O. These formed carbides or nitrides can hinder grain growth.
  • to refine the grain increase the total grain boundary area, increase the micro-crack propagation resistance, and thus increase the fracture strain; secondly, the grain refinement, while the dislocation and dislocation proliferation rates are high, plasticity Uniform deformation, good plasticity; in addition to grain refinement, the energy consumption of cracks passing through the grain increases, the toughness increases; the total grain boundary area increases, the impurities around the grain boundary decrease, the tendency of grain fracture decreases, and finally the most critical It is the grain refinement which can lower the ductile-brittle transition temperature.
  • the mass percentage of niobium in the above cast steel is 0.02% to 0.04%.
  • the tensile strength of the cast steel is 540 MPa or more, preferably, the lower yield strength of the cast steel is 360 MPa or more, preferably the elongation at break of the cast steel is 20% or more; preferably -60 ° C of the cast steel.
  • the Charpy V-type shock absorption energy is greater than or equal to 20J.
  • the tensile strength of the cast steel is 550 MPa or more, preferably, the lower yield strength of the cast steel is 360 MPa or more, and preferably the elongation at break of the cast steel is 20% or more;
  • the Charpy V-type shock absorption energy at 60 ° C is greater than or equal to 20 J.
  • a method for preparing a cast steel comprising: preparing a metal nickel, a Fe-Mn alloy, and an Fe-Cr alloy according to the composition of the cast steel of any of the above , Fe-Nb alloy, Fe-Si alloy, carbon powder, iron ore and scrap steel; the scrap steel and metallic nickel are melted and oxidized to obtain iron oxide water; the molten iron water is reduced by carbon powder to obtain reduced iron water; The Fe-Mn alloy, the Fe-Cr alloy, the Fe-Nb alloy, and the Fe-Si alloy are added to the water to obtain a molten steel; and the molten steel is sequentially cast and heat-treated to obtain a cast steel.
  • the preparation method of the application method has less alloys and contents, and the components are easy to control, so that the production cost of the cast steel is low; the raw materials for forming the cast steel are processed by the above preparation method, and the functions of the components are fully exerted. . And the low temperature toughness of the cast steel is further increased by the heat treatment.
  • the above preparation method can be carried out not only by the electric arc furnace redox method or the medium frequency induction furnace melting, but also because the smelting process adopted is simple, the ordinary electric arc furnace smelting can also be implemented, and the AOD refining furnace refining process is not required, so that it is more convenient for industrial application, and Scrap steel can be used during smelting, which is conducive to further reduction of cost and efficiency.
  • the step of melting and oxidizing the scrap steel and the metal nickel preferably comprises: placing the scrap steel and the metallic nickel in the furnace body of the electric arc furnace and heating the molten pool temperature of the electric arc furnace to 1560 ° C. At 1580 ° C, iron ore is added to the furnace body, and oxygen is introduced into the furnace to oxidize. During the oxidation process, the molten iron is uniformly boiled and automatically slag is slag.
  • the slag When the boiling is vigorous, the slag is added; when the carbon in the furnace body is carbon When the content is reduced to 0.15% to 0.19% and the temperature of the molten pool is raised to 1590 ° C to 1610 ° C, the oxidized slag is removed to obtain iron oxide water.
  • the above-mentioned Fe-Mn alloy, Fe-Cr alloy, Fe-Nb alloy and Fe-Si are preferable.
  • the alloy is baked to 300 ° C to 500 ° C until it is added to the reduced molten iron.
  • the step of sequentially casting and heat-treating the molten steel comprises: pouring the molten steel at 1600 ° C or higher, pouring the molten steel at 1550 ° C to 1590 ° C, and cooling.
  • the cast cast steel is obtained; the cast cast steel is heated to 900 ° C ⁇ 960 ° C and kept for 3 to 5 hours; the cast cast steel after 3 to 5 hours of heat preservation is cooled to 80 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C in a normal temperature oil medium for quenching
  • the cast steel after the quenching treatment is kept at 600 ° C to 650 ° C for 3 to 5 hours for tempering treatment; and the cast steel after the tempering treatment is air-cooled to room temperature to obtain cast steel.
  • a component of a railway wagon is provided, which is prepared by using cast steel, which is any of the above cast steels, preferably the railway wagon is Railway wagons operating in environments below freezing temperatures.
  • a railway wagon is provided that includes components that are the components described above. Since the cast steel of the present application has the above-mentioned excellent mechanical properties, the parts produced by the cast steel have excellent mechanical properties and meet the requirements for use of railway wagons in severe cold regions. Advantageous effects of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the examples and comparative examples.
  • a component for use in the railway field is provided, and the component is prepared by using the above cast steel.
  • the cast steel of the present application has the above-mentioned excellent mechanical properties
  • the parts produced by the cast steel have excellent mechanical properties and can meet the requirements for the use of components in the railway field, especially in the railway field in severe cold regions. Claim.
  • the above components can also be applied to other vehicles in the railway sector.
  • the chemical composition (mass percentage) of the low alloy medium strength low temperature cast steel of the present embodiment is: carbon 0.22%, silicon 0.41%, manganese 0.80%, phosphorus 0.015%, sulfur 0.016%, chromium 0.36%, nickel 0.36%, ⁇ 0.03%, the balance is iron and other unavoidable impurities, the unavoidable impurity content is less than 0.1%; the total content of phosphorus + sulfur in the cast steel of the present embodiment is 0.031%.
  • the carbon steel block added therein has a particle size of about 200 ⁇ 200 ⁇ 200 mm, and is densely packed in the furnace body of the electric arc furnace; the molten carbon ensures the decarburization amount in the oxidation period is ⁇ 0.30%, and the carbon powder is added when insufficient.
  • the toner particle size is controlled below 20 mesh.
  • the above Fe-Mn, Fe-Cr, Fe-Nb and Fe-Si alloys are baked before being added to the molten steel, and baked to 300 ° C to 500 ° C for use.
  • step 3 to adjust the molten steel chemical composition of molten steel
  • the tapping temperature is controlled at 1620 ° C ⁇ 1630 ° C.
  • Aluminum is used as deoxidizer for final deoxidation when the steel is tapped.
  • the aluminum block is placed at the bottom of the ladle. When the steel is tapped, the molten steel impacts the aluminum block at the bottom of the ladle, and the aluminum block reacts with the oxygen in the molten steel to deoxidize.
  • step 6 pouring, pouring the molten steel in the ladle of step 5 into the mold, and the pouring temperature is controlled at 1550 ° C ⁇ 1590 ° C to obtain steel parts.
  • the heat treatment of steel parts is as follows:
  • the steel parts are heated to 940 ° C in an electric resistance furnace, and then kept at this temperature for 4 hours, then quenched, and cooled to 120 ° C in a normal temperature oil medium; the quenched cast steel is fed in 6 hours.
  • the electric resistance furnace was tempered at 620 ° C for 4 hours, and after the end of the heat preservation, the furnace was cooled and cooled to room temperature to complete the heat treatment, and the cast steel of Example 1 was obtained.
  • Fig. 1 shows the metallographic structure of the low temperature cast steel after the quenching + tempering is magnified 100 times.
  • the metallographic diagram of FIG. 2 is a metallographic diagram of the low-temperature cast steel of the present embodiment after being quenched and tempered by 500 times magnification of the metallographic structure. It can be seen from the figure that the low-temperature cast steel of the present embodiment is quenched and tempered.
  • the treated metallographic structure is a ferrite + sorbite structure.
  • the chemical compositions of the low-alloy medium-strength low-temperature cast steels of Examples 2 to 21 are as follows.
  • Table 1 the inevitable impurity content of the low-alloy medium-strength low-temperature cast steel of each example was less than 0.10%.
  • the smelting method and the heat treatment method of the low alloy cast steel of Examples 2 to 21 were the same as in Example 1.
  • Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that 2 is oxidized by using ore and oxygen oxidation.
  • Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that 2 is oxidized by using ore and oxygen oxidation.
  • Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that 2 is oxidized by using ore and oxygen oxidation.
  • Embodiment 1 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the steel parts are heat treated as follows:
  • the steel parts are heated to 960 ° C in an electric resistance furnace, and kept at this temperature for 3 hours, then quenched and cooled to 80 ° C in a normal temperature oil medium; the quenched cast steel is fed in 6 hours.
  • the electric resistance furnace was tempered at 600 ° C for 3 hours, and after the completion of the heat preservation, the furnace was cooled and cooled to room temperature to complete the heat treatment, and the cast steel of Example 22 was obtained.
  • Embodiment 1 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the steel parts are heat treated as follows:
  • the steel parts are heated to 900 ° C in an electric resistance furnace, and then kept at this temperature for 3 hours, then quenched, and cooled to 150 ° C in a normal temperature oil medium; the quenched cast steel is fed in 6 hours.
  • the electric resistance furnace was tempered at 650 ° C for 3 hours, and after the completion of the heat preservation, the furnace was cooled and cooled to room temperature to complete the heat treatment, and the cast steel of Example 23 was obtained.
  • Embodiment 1 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the steel parts are heat treated as follows:
  • the steel parts are heated to 965 ° C in an electric resistance furnace, and kept at this temperature for 3 hours, then quenched, and cooled to 160 ° C in a normal temperature oil medium; the quenched cast steel is fed in 6 hours.
  • the electric resistance furnace was tempered at 660 ° C for 3 hours, and after the completion of the heat preservation, the furnace was cooled and cooled to room temperature to complete the heat treatment, and the cast steel of Example 24 was obtained.
  • Embodiment 1 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that
  • the chemical compositions of the low-alloy medium-strength low-temperature cast steels of Comparative Examples 1 to 14 are as shown in Table 2 below, and the inevitable impurity content in the low-alloy medium-strength low-temperature cast steel of each example was less than 0.10%.
  • the smelting method and heat treatment method of the low alloy cast steel of Comparative Examples 1 to 14 were the same as in Example 1.
  • the mechanical properties of the cast steels of the above respective examples and comparative examples were measured in accordance with the method specified in the Railway Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China (TB/T2942-2015), and the samples used were Kiel test blocks.
  • the mechanical properties of the cast steel are shown in Table 3, which complies with the relevant provisions of the American Railway Association Standard M-201-05 of the A.A.R standard.
  • the toughness decreases with the test temperature, while the toughness decreases remarkably within a certain temperature range.
  • the material changes from microporous aggregated ductile fracture to transgranular cleavage brittle fracture, impact fracture.
  • the morphology changes from dimple-like to crystalline.
  • the phenomenon of transforming a ductile material into a brittle material is called low-temperature brittleness, and the transition temperature is called the ductile-brittle transition temperature.
  • the adjustment of each element component in the present invention is carried out around reducing the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the material.
  • the present invention requires that the Charpy V-type impact absorption energy of -60 ° C is greater than or equal to 20 J, and the material of the present invention is at a temperature of -60 ° C. The better the impact performance, the lower the ductile-brittle transition temperature.
  • Example 12 and Comparative Example 1 it can be found that the carbon content control within the scope of the present application is advantageous for the significant increase of the cast steel strength; according to the comparison of Example 13 and Comparative Example 3, the silicon content control can be found. Within the scope of the present application, it is advantageous to exert the strengthening effect of silicon without damaging the low temperature toughness of the cast steel; according to the comparison of Example 14 and Comparative Example 5, it can be found that the control of the manganese element content is beneficial to increase the cast steel structure within the scope of the present application.
  • Example 15 The stability of medium austenite, refine pearlite, improve the hardenability of steel; according to the comparison of Example 15 and Comparative Example 7, it can be found that the phosphorus content and the phosphorus-sulfur content are comprehensively controlled within the scope of the application -60 ° C
  • the Charpy V-type impact absorption energy increases, indicating that it is beneficial to reduce the embrittlement effect on the cast steel and reduce the ductile-brittle transition temperature; according to the comparison between Example 16 and Comparative Example 9, it can be found that the chromium element content is controlled within the scope of the present application.
  • the type and content of the added alloy are small, and the composition is easily controlled, so that the production cost of the cast steel is low.
  • the content of phosphorus and sulfur is limited.
  • the embrittlement effect of phosphorus on cast steel is mainly because phosphorus is easily segregated at grain boundaries, thereby reducing the surface energy of grain boundaries.
  • phosphorus can also form phosphorus eutectic on grain boundaries.
  • Nickel is the most effective element to reduce the cold-brittle transition temperature of steel, because nickel is an element that enlarges the austenite region, which can strengthen the matrix and improve toughness. Nickel can increase the activity of carbon and enhance the segregation of carbon atoms around dislocations. The steel is strengthened by precipitation, thereby hindering the movement of dislocations; nickel can improve the plasticity of the steel under various heat treatments, and the above-mentioned content of chromium-nickel has a very high impact toughness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un acier coulé, un procédé de préparation de l'acier coulé et une partie utilisée dans le domaine ferroviaire, préparée à l'aide de l'acier coulé. L'acier coulé se compose, en pourcentage en masse, de 0,12% à 0,22% de carbone, de 0,3% à 0,6% de silicium, de 0,8% à 1,1% de manganèse, jusqu'à 0,020% de phosphore, jusqu'à 0,020% de soufre, de 0,3% à 0,5% de chrome, de 0,35% à 0,5% de nickel, de 0,02% à 0,06% de niobium, le reste comprenant du fer et des impuretés inévitables.
PCT/CN2018/099201 2017-08-07 2018-08-07 Acier coulé, procédé de préparation d'acier coulé et utilisation d'acier coulé WO2019029533A1 (fr)

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