WO2019029479A1 - 数字开关检测电路及方法 - Google Patents

数字开关检测电路及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019029479A1
WO2019029479A1 PCT/CN2018/098958 CN2018098958W WO2019029479A1 WO 2019029479 A1 WO2019029479 A1 WO 2019029479A1 CN 2018098958 W CN2018098958 W CN 2018098958W WO 2019029479 A1 WO2019029479 A1 WO 2019029479A1
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Prior art keywords
signal path
digital switch
resistor
signal
pressed
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PCT/CN2018/098958
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顾炯
夏大卫
周洁
唐杰
姜亮
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联合汽车电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2019029479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019029479A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of automotive electronics, and in particular, to a digital switch detection circuit and method.
  • ECUs Electronic Control Unit
  • Airbag systems including airbag systems, brake systems, chassis control systems, engine control systems, and lines.
  • Control systems, etc. are all safety related systems.
  • the system fails, the system must go into a safe state or switch to the degraded mode to avoid system failure and cause casualties. Failures may be caused by specification errors (such as incomplete security requirements), human error (such as software bugs), environmental impacts (such as electromagnetic interference), and so on.
  • specification errors such as incomplete security requirements
  • human error such as software bugs
  • environmental impacts such as electromagnetic interference
  • the digital switch detecting circuit 200 is connected between the controller 100 and the digital switch 300.
  • the digital switch detecting circuit 200 includes a diode and a resistor connected in parallel, and another resistor connected to the power source VDD.
  • the digital switch 300 is not pressed. When the switch 100 is pressed, the input of the controller 100 is pulled down, the voltage of the controller 100 is pulled to the low level, and the controller 100 detects the action of the digital switch 300. However, if the digital switch 300 is short-circuited to the power supply, short-circuited to the ground, or disconnected from the ground, the controller cannot detect an accurate signal, causing a malfunction.
  • the present invention provides a digital switch detecting circuit including a first signal path, a second signal path, and a third signal path, wherein the first signal path and the second signal path are connected to a digital switch The first end, the third signal path is connected to the second end of the digital switch, wherein:
  • the first signal path, the second signal path and the third signal path are all connected to a controller
  • the controller determines a switching state of the digital switch and a failure of the digital switch by detecting output signals of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path.
  • the first signal path includes a first input end, a first diode and a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the first input end, and the other end is connected to a cathode of the first diode.
  • the anode of the first diode is connected to the first power source;
  • the second signal path includes a second input end and a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the second input end, and the other end is grounded;
  • the third signal path includes a third input end and a second diode, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor, one end of the third resistor is connected to the third input end, and the other end is connected to the a cathode of the second diode, an anode of the second diode is connected to the second power source, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the third input end, and the other end is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and the The second end of the digital switch is grounded at the other end of the fifth resistor.
  • the first power source and the second power source are set to be alternately powered.
  • the switch state includes one of a digital switch press and a digital switch not pressed.
  • the determining whether the digital switch is faulty comprises:
  • the invention also provides a digital switch detection method, comprising:
  • the controller detects the signal of the first end of the digital switch through the first signal path and the second signal path;
  • the controller detects a signal of the second end of the digital switch through a third signal path
  • the controller determines a switching state of the digital switch and a failure of the digital switch by detecting output signals of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path.
  • the controller detecting the output signals of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path includes:
  • the controller detects the first power source, the first diode and the first resistor connected in sequence to form an output signal at the first input end;
  • the controller detects a grounded second resistor formed at the output signal at the second input
  • the controller detects the second power source, the second diode, and the third resistor connected in sequence, and the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor sequentially connected and grounded to form an output signal at the third input terminal.
  • the first power source and the second power source are alternately powered.
  • the switch state includes one of a digital switch press and a digital switch not pressed.
  • the determining whether the digital switch is faulty comprises:
  • a first end of a digital switch is connected through the first signal path and the second signal path, and the third signal path is connected to a second end of the digital switch End
  • the controller determines the switching state of the digital switch and whether the digital switch is faulty by detecting an output signal of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path, if the digital switch
  • the failure of the first end of the first signal path can be detected by the difference between the first signal path and the second signal path. If the second end of the digital switch fails, the third signal path can be detected, thereby achieving open circuit fault and fault. Short circuit diagnosis improves system safety.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional digital switch detection circuit
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a digital switch detecting circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is an equivalent circuit for detecting a switching state of a digital switch in an embodiment of the present invention
  • the figure shows:
  • the core idea of the present invention is to provide a digital switch detection circuit and method for solving the problem that the existing digital switch cannot judge and detect the fault open circuit and the fault short circuit.
  • the present invention provides a digital switch detection circuit including a first signal path, a second signal path, and a third signal path, the first signal path and the first a second signal path connecting a first end of a digital switch, the third signal path connecting a second end of the digital switch, wherein: the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path Connected to a controller; the controller determines the switching state of the digital switch and whether the digital switch is faulty by detecting output signals of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path .
  • the embodiment provides a digital switch detecting circuit 20 capable of diagnosing a fault open circuit and a fault short circuit without changing the digital switch structure.
  • the digital switch detection circuit 20 includes a first signal path, a second signal path, and a third signal path, and the first signal path and the second signal path are connected to each other.
  • a first end 31 of the digital switch 30, the third signal path is coupled to the second end 32 of the digital switch 30, wherein: the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path are Connecting a controller 10; the controller 10 determines a switching state of the digital switch 30 and a digital switch 30 by detecting output signals of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path Whether a failure has occurred.
  • the first end 31 of the digital switch 30 is connected through the first signal path and the second signal path, and the third signal path is connected to the digital switch.
  • the second end 32, the controller 10 determines the switching state of the digital switch 30 and whether the digital switch occurs by detecting the output signals of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path. If the first end 31 of the digital switch 30 fails, it can be detected by the difference between the first signal path and the second signal path. If the second end 32 of the digital switch fails, the third signal path can be detected. This makes it possible to diagnose fault open circuits and fault short circuits and improve system safety.
  • the first signal path includes a first input end 21, a first diode D1, and a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first input end 21, and the other end is connected to the a cathode of the first diode D1, an anode of the first diode D2 is connected to the first power source V1;
  • the second signal path includes a second input terminal 22 and a second resistor R2, the second resistor R2 One end is connected to the second input end 22, and the other end is grounded;
  • the third signal path includes a third input end 23 and a second diode D2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5.
  • One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the third input terminal 23, the other end is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second power source V2, the fourth One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the third input terminal 23, the other end is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 and the second end 32 of the digital switch, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.
  • the first power source V1 and the second power source V2 are alternately powered.
  • the switch states include: a digital switch is pressed and a digital switch is not pressed. Determining whether the digital switch has failed comprises: determining whether the first signal path, the second signal path, or the third signal path is shorted to ground, shorted to an external power source, or disconnected.
  • the controller controls the V1 and V2, respectively, and performs signal acquisition of the first input terminal 21, the second input terminal 22, and the third input terminal 23 to determine whether the external digital switch 30 is pressed, and the first signal. Whether the path, the second signal path, or the third signal path is shorted to an external power source, shorted to ground, and an open circuit condition is diagnosed.
  • the first step driving the second power supply V2 to pull up, not driving the first power supply V1 to pull up, when the external digital switch is pressed or not pressed, the first input end 21, the second input end 22,
  • the signal of the three input terminals 23 is calculated to judge that the first signal path is open (digital switch is pressed), the first signal path is short-circuited to ground (digital switch is pressed), and the first signal path is short-circuited to the external power source (the digital switch is not pressed)
  • the first signal path is shorted to the external power supply (the digital switch is pressed), the second signal path is open (the digital switch is pressed), the second signal path is shorted to the ground (the digital switch is pressed), and the second signal path is shorted to the power supply (
  • the digital switch is not pressed, the second signal path is shorted to the power supply (the digital switch is pressed), the third signal path is shorted to ground (the digital switch is not pressed), and the third signal path is shorted to the
  • the signal of the three input terminals 23 is calculated to determine that the first signal path is open (the digital switch is not pressed), the first signal path is open (the digital switch is pressed), and the first signal path is shorted to the ground (the digital switch is not pressed), A signal path is shorted to ground (digital switch is pressed), the first signal path is shorted to the power supply (the digital switch is not pressed), the first signal path is shorted to the power supply (digital switch is pressed), and the second signal path is open (digital switch Not pressed), the second signal path is open (digital switch is pressed), the second signal path is shorted to ground (digital switch is not pressed), the second signal path is shorted to ground (digital switch is pressed), and the second signal path is Short circuit to power supply (digital switch
  • Step 3 After determining the above fault states, it is judged whether the digital switch is pressed.
  • the second power source V2 is pulled up, the first power source V1 is not pulled up, no current flows through the first resistor R1, and the second
  • the resistor R2 and the fifth resistor are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit, and the parallel circuit is connected to the fourth resistor.
  • the connection between the two is a first input terminal 21, a second input terminal 22, and the second diode D2 is turned on.
  • the third resistor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor, and the connection between the two is the third input terminal 23.
  • the equivalent circuit is as shown in FIG. 3, and the signal voltage at the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 22 is V2*.
  • the second step is performed to drive the first power source V1 to pull up, and not to drive the second power source V2 to pull up.
  • the signal voltage at the second input terminal 22 and the signal voltage at the third input terminal 23 are the same as in the normal case.
  • the signal voltage of the first input terminal 21 is uncertain due to the floating state, and the controller can make a judgment.
  • the signal of the first input terminal 21 is disconnected from the second input terminal and the third input terminal. Only the first input is connected to the first power supply, so the signals at the second input and the third input are zero.
  • the above embodiments describe the different configurations of the digital switch detection circuit in detail.
  • the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and any of the configurations provided by the above embodiments are performed.
  • the contents of the transformation are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make the same according to the content of the above embodiments.
  • the embodiment further provides a digital switch detecting method.
  • the digital switch detecting method includes: the controller 10 detects a signal of the first end 31 of the digital switch through the first signal path and the second signal path, and the controller 10 passes a third signal path detects a signal of the second end 32 of the digital switch; the controller 10 detects an output signal of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path, The switching state of the digital switch 30 and whether the digital switch has failed are determined.
  • the controller detecting the output signals of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path includes: the controller 10 detects the sequentially connected The first power source V1, the first diode D1 and the first resistor R1 form an output signal at the first input terminal 21; the controller 10 detects the grounded second resistor R2 to form an output signal at the second input terminal 22; The controller 10 detects the second power source V2, the second diode D2, and the third resistor R3 connected in sequence, and the output signals formed at the third input terminal 23 by the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 sequentially connected and grounded. .
  • the first power source V1 and the second power source V2 are alternately powered.
  • the switch states include: a digital switch is pressed and a digital switch is not pressed. Determining whether the digital switch has failed comprises: determining whether the first signal path, the second signal path, or the third signal path is shorted to ground, shorted to an external power source, or disconnected.
  • the controller controls the V1 and V2, respectively, and performs signal acquisition of the first input terminal 21, the second input terminal 22, and the third input terminal 23 to determine whether the external digital switch is pressed, and the first signal path. Whether the second signal path or the third signal path is short-circuited to an external power source, short-circuited to ground, and an open circuit condition is diagnosed.
  • the first step driving the second power supply V2 to pull up, not driving the first power supply V1 to pull up, when the external digital switch is pressed or not pressed, the first input end 21, the second input end 22,
  • the signal of the three input terminals 23 is calculated to judge that the first signal path is open (digital switch is pressed), the first signal path is short-circuited to ground (digital switch is pressed), and the first signal path is short-circuited to the external power source (the digital switch is not pressed)
  • the first signal path is shorted to the external power supply (the digital switch is pressed), the second signal path is open (the digital switch is pressed), the second signal path is shorted to the ground (the digital switch is pressed), and the second signal path is shorted to the power supply (
  • the digital switch is not pressed, the second signal path is shorted to the power supply (the digital switch is pressed), the third signal path is shorted to ground (the digital switch is not pressed), and the third signal path is shorted to the
  • the signal of the three input terminals 23 is calculated to determine that the first signal path is open (the digital switch is not pressed), the first signal path is open (the digital switch is pressed), and the first signal path is shorted to the ground (the digital switch is not pressed), A signal path is shorted to ground (digital switch is pressed), the first signal path is shorted to the power supply (the digital switch is not pressed), the first signal path is shorted to the power supply (digital switch is pressed), and the second signal path is open (digital switch Not pressed), the second signal path is open (digital switch is pressed), the second signal path is shorted to ground (digital switch is not pressed), the second signal path is shorted to ground (digital switch is pressed), and the second signal path is Short circuit to power supply (digital switch
  • Step 3 After determining the above fault states, it is judged whether the digital switch is pressed.
  • “*” in Table 1 indicates that the signal is floating, the signal is uncertain, Vbat is the voltage value of the external power supply that is short-circuited, L1 represents the state of the first signal path, L2 represents the state of the second signal path, and L3 represents the third state.
  • a first end of a digital switch is connected through the first signal path and the second signal path, and the third signal path is connected to a second end of the digital switch End
  • the controller determines the switching state of the digital switch and whether the digital switch is faulty by detecting an output signal of the first signal path, the second signal path, and the third signal path, if the digital switch
  • the failure of the first end of the first signal path can be detected by the difference between the first signal path and the second signal path. If the second end of the digital switch fails, the third signal path can be detected, thereby achieving open circuit fault and fault. Short circuit diagnosis improves system safety.

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Abstract

一种数字开关检测电路(20)及方法，数字开关检测电路(20)包括第一信号通路、第二信号通路和第三信号通路，第一信号通路和第二信号通路连接一数字开关(30)的第一端(31)，第三信号通路连接数字开关(30)的第二端，其中：第一信号通路、第二信号通路和第三信号通路均连接一控制器(10)；控制器(10)通过检测第一信号通路、第二信号通路和第三信号通路的输出信号，确定数字开关(30)的开关状态以及数字开关(30)是否发生故障。检测电路(20)及方法实现了对汽车控制器(10)***电路中的数字开关(30)进行故障开路和故障短路的判断和检测，提高了整车安全性。

Description

数字开关检测电路及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车电子技术领域，特别涉及一种数字开关检测电路及方法。
背景技术
汽车上电子及电气***数量不断的增加，一些高端豪华轿车上有多达70多个ECU(Electronic Control Unit电子控制单元)，其中安全气囊***、制动***、底盘控制***、发动机控制***以及线控***等都是安全相关***。当***出现故障的时候，***必须转入安全状态或者转换到降级模式，避免***功能失效而导致人员伤亡。失效可能是由于规范错误(比如安全需求不完整)、人为原因的错误(比如：软件bug)、环境的影响(比如：电磁干扰)等等原因引起的。为实现更高的***安全性，要求更高的硬件诊断覆盖率，更严格的开发流程，相应的开发成本增加、开发周期延长，技术要求严格。
对于汽车控制器***电路中的数字开关，目前无法实现故障开路和故障短路的判断和检测。如图1所示，数字开关检测电路200连接在控制器100和数字开关300之间，数字开关检测电路200包括并联的二极管和电阻，以及连接到电源VDD的另一电阻，数字开关300未按下时，控制器100输入端为高电平，当数字开关300按下后，连接电源的电阻下拉电压，控制器100输入端跳转为低电平，控制器100检测到数字开关300的动作，但此时若数字开关300短路到电源，短路到地，或与地断开，则控制器无法检测到准确的信号，造成故障事故。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种数字开关检测电路及方法，以解决现有的数字开关无法对故障开路和故障短路进行判断和检测的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种数字开关检测电路，包括第一信号 通路、第二信号通路和第三信号通路，所述第一信号通路和所述第二信号通路连接一数字开关的第一端，所述第三信号通路连接所述数字开关的第二端，其中：
所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路均连接一控制器；
所述控制器通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测电路中，
所述第一信号通路包括第一输入端、第一二极管和第一电阻，所述第一电阻的一端连接所述第一输入端，另一端连接所述第一二极管的阴极，所述第一二极管的阳极连接第一电源；
所述第二信号通路包括第二输入端和第二电阻，所述第二电阻的一端连接所述第二输入端，另一端接地；
所述第三信号通路包括第三输入端和第二二极管、第三电阻、第四电阻和第五电阻，所述第三电阻的一端连接所述第三输入端，另一端连接所述第二二极管的阴极，所述第二二极管的阳极连接第二电源，所述第四电阻的一端连接所述第三输入端，另一端连接所述第五电阻的一端和所述数字开关的第二端，所述第五电阻的另一端接地。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测电路中，所述第一电源和所述第二电源设置为交替上电。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测电路中，所述开关状态包括：数字开关按下和数字开关未按下中的一种。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测电路中，所述确定数字开关是否发生故障包括：
判断所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路中的每一个是否短路到地、短路到外部电源或断路。
本发明还提供一种数字开关检测方法，包括：
控制器通过第一信号通路和第二信号通路对数字开关的第一端的信号进行检测；
控制器通过第三信号通路对所述数字开关的第二端的信号进行检测；
所述控制器通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测方法中，所述控制器检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号包括：
控制器检测依次连接的第一电源、第一二极管和第一电阻形成于第一输入端处的输出信号；
控制器检测接地的第二电阻形成于第二输入端处的输出信号；
控制器检测依次连接的第二电源、第二二极管和第三电阻，以及依次连接并接地的第四电阻和第五电阻形成于第三输入端处的输出信号。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测方法中，所述第一电源和所述第二电源交替上电。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测方法中，所述开关状态包括：数字开关按下和数字开关未按下中的一种。
可选的，在所述的数字开关检测方法中，所述确定数字开关是否发生故障包括：
判断所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路中的每一个是否短路到地、短路到外部电源或断路。
在本发明提供的数字开关检测电路及方法中，通过所述第一信号通路和所述第二信号通路连接一数字开关的第一端，所述第三信号通路连接所述数字开关的第二端，所述控制器通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障，若数字开关的第一端发生故障，可由第一信号通路和第二信号通路的不同来检测到，若数字开关的第二端发生故障，可通过第三信号通路检测到，由此实现对故障开路和故障短路的诊断，提高***安全性。
附图说明
图1是现有的数字开关检测电路示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一数字开关检测电路示意图；
图3是本发明一实施例中检测数字开关的开关状态的等效电路；
图4是本发明一实施例中检测数字开关的开关状态的等效电路；
图中所示：
100-控制器；200-数字开关检测电路；300-数字开关；
10-控制器；20-数字开关检测电路；21-第一输入端；22-第二输入端；23-第三输入端；30-数字开关；31-第一端；32-第二端。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明提出的数字开关检测电路及方法作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。
本发明的核心思想在于提供一种数字开关检测电路及方法，以解决现有的数字开关无法对故障开路和故障短路进行判断和检测的问题。
为实现上述思想，本发明提供了一种数字开关检测电路及方法，所述数字开关检测电路包括第一信号通路、第二信号通路和第三信号通路，所述第一信号通路和所述第二信号通路连接一数字开关的第一端，所述第三信号通路连接所述数字开关的第二端，其中：所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路均连接一控制器；所述控制器通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障。
<实施例一>
本实施例提供一种数字开关检测电路20，在不改变数字开关结构的前提下，能够对故障开路和故障短路进行诊断。对数字开关检测电路设计如图2所示， 所述数字开关检测电路20包括第一信号通路、第二信号通路和第三信号通路，所述第一信号通路和所述第二信号通路连接一数字开关30的第一端31，所述第三信号通路连接所述数字开关30的第二端32，其中：所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路均连接一控制器10；所述控制器10通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关30的开关状态以及数字开关30是否发生故障。
在本实施例提供的数字开关检测电路及方法中，通过所述第一信号通路和所述第二信号通路连接数字开关30的第一端31，所述第三信号通路连接所述数字开关的第二端32，所述控制器10通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关30的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障，若数字开关30的第一端31发生故障，可由第一信号通路和第二信号通路的不同来检测到，若数字开关的第二端32发生故障，可通过第三信号通路检测到，由此实现对故障开路和故障短路的诊断，提高***安全性。
具体的，所述第一信号通路包括第一输入端21、第一二极管D1和第一电阻R1，所述第一电阻R1的一端连接所述第一输入端21，另一端连接所述第一二极管D1的阴极，所述第一二极管D2的阳极连接第一电源V1；所述第二信号通路包括第二输入端22和第二电阻R2，所述第二电阻R2的一端连接所述第二输入端22，另一端接地；所述第三信号通路包括第三输入端23和第二二极管D2、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4和第五电阻R5，所述第三电阻R3的一端连接所述第三输入端23，另一端连接所述第二二极管D2的阴极，所述第二二极管D2的阳极连接第二电源V2，所述第四电阻R4的一端连接所述第三输入端23，另一端连接所述第五电阻R5的一端和所述数字开关的第二端32，所述第五电阻R5的另一端接地。
进一步的，在所述的数字开关检测电路中，所述第一电源V1和所述第二电源V2交替上电。所述开关状态包括：数字开关按下和数字开关未按下。所述确定数字开关是否发生故障包括：判断所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路或所述第三信号通路是否短路到地、短路到外部电源或断路。
控制器通过分别控制V1和V2，并进行第一输入端21，第二输入端22，第三输入端23三路的信号采集，从而判断外部的数字开关30是否按下，以及对第一信号通路、第二信号通路或第三信号通路是否短路到外部电源，短路到地，以及开路情况进行诊断。
第一步：驱动第二电源V2上拉，不驱动第一电源V1上拉，当外部数字开关按下或不按下时，可以通过读取第一输入端21，第二输入端22，第三输入端23的信号，计算判断第一信号通路开路(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到外部电源(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路短路到外部电源(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路开路(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到地(数字开关未按下)，第三信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)这些故障状态。
第二步：驱动第一电源V1上拉，不驱动第二电源V2上拉，当外部数字开关按下或不按下时，可以通过读取第一输入端21，第二输入端22，第三输入端23的信号，计算判断第一信号通路开路(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路开路(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到地(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路开路(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通路开路(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到地(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)这些故障状态。
第三步：在判断了以上这些故障状态之后，再进行判断数字开关是否被按下。
例如，当数字开关30按下，电路没有出现故障时，在第一步中，驱动第二电源V2上拉，不驱动第一电源V1上拉，第一电阻R1中没有电流流过，第二 电阻R2与第五电阻并联接地形成并联电路，所述并联电路与第四电阻连接，两者的连接处为第一输入端21、第二输入端22，第二二极管D2导通，第三电阻与第四电阻另一端连接，两者的连接处为第三输入端23，等效电路如图3所示，则第一输入端21和第二输入端22处的信号电压为V2*(R2//R5)/(R2//R5+R4+R3)，第三输入端23处的信号电压为V2*(R2//R5+R4)/(R2//R5+R4+R3)，其中，R2//R5＝R2*R5/(R2+R5)。
此时，进行第二步，驱动第一电源V1上拉，不驱动第二电源V2上拉，等效电路如图4所示，则第一输入端21和第二输入端22处的信号电压为V1*(R2//R5)/(R2//R5+R1)，第三输入端23处的信号电压为V1*(R2//R5)/(R2//R5+R1)，其中，R2//R5＝R2*R5/(R2+R5)。
再例如，当数字开关30按下，第一信号通路出现开路时，则在第一步中，第二输入端22处的信号电压和第三输入端23处的信号电压和正常情况下一样不变，而第一输入端21的信号电压则由于悬空，不确定，控制器可进行判断，在第二步中，第一输入端21的信号与第二输入端和第三输入端之间断开，只有第一输入端连接第一电源，因此第二输入端和第三输入端处的信号为零。
综上，上述实施例对数字开关检测电路的不同构型进行了详细说明，当然，本发明包括但不局限于上述实施中所列举的构型，任何在上述实施例提供的构型基础上进行变换的内容，均属于本发明所保护的范围。本领域技术人员可以根据上述实施例的内容举一反三。
<实施例二>
本实施例还提供一种数字开关检测方法，所述数字开关检测方法包括：控制器10通过第一信号通路和第二信号通路对数字开关的第一端31的信号进行检测，控制器10通过第三信号通路对所述数字开关的第二端32的信号进行检测；所述控制器10通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关30的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障。
具体的，在所述的数字开关检测方法中，所述控制器检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号包括：控制器10检测依 次连接的第一电源V1、第一二极管D1和第一电阻R1形成于第一输入端21处的输出信号；控制器10检测接地的第二电阻R2形成于第二输入端22处的输出信号；控制器10检测依次连接的第二电源V2、第二二极管D2和第三电阻R3，以及依次连接并接地的第四电阻R4和第五电阻R5形成于第三输入端23处的输出信号。
进一步的，在所述的数字开关检测方法中，所述第一电源V1和所述第二电源V2交替上电。所述开关状态包括：数字开关按下和数字开关未按下。所述确定数字开关是否发生故障包括：判断所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路或所述第三信号通路是否短路到地、短路到外部电源或断路。
控制器通过分别控制V1和V2，并进行第一输入端21，第二输入端22，第三输入端23三路的信号采集，从而判断外部的数字开关是否按下，以及对第一信号通路、第二信号通路或第三信号通路是否短路到外部电源，短路到地，以及开路情况进行诊断。
第一步：驱动第二电源V2上拉，不驱动第一电源V1上拉，当外部数字开关按下或不按下时，可以通过读取第一输入端21，第二输入端22，第三输入端23的信号，计算判断第一信号通路开路(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到外部电源(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路短路到外部电源(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路开路(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到地(数字开关未按下)，第三信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)这些故障状态。
第二步：驱动第一电源V1上拉，不驱动第二电源V2上拉，当外部数字开关按下或不按下时，可以通过读取第一输入端21，第二输入端22，第三输入端23的信号，计算判断第一信号通路开路(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路开路(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到地(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第一信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第一信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路开路(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通 路开路(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到地(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第二信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到地(数字开关按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关未按下)，第三信号通路短路到电源(数字开关按下)这些故障状态。
第三步：在判断了以上这些故障状态之后，再进行判断数字开关是否被按下。
具体判断结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2018098958-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018098958-appb-000002
其中，表1中“*”表示悬空，信号不确定的情况，Vbat为短路到的外部电源的电压值，L1代表第一信号通路的状态，L2代表第二信号通路的状态，L3代表第三信号通路的状态，AD1代表第一输入端处的信号电压，AD2代表第二输入端处的信号电压，AD3代表第三输入端处的信号电压。
在本发明提供的数字开关检测电路及方法中，通过所述第一信号通路和所述第二信号通路连接一数字开关的第一端，所述第三信号通路连接所述数字开关的第二端，所述控制器通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障，若数字开关的第一端发生故障，可由第一信号通路和第二信号通路 的不同来检测到，若数字开关的第二端发生故障，可通过第三信号通路检测到，由此实现对故障开路和故障短路的诊断，提高***安全性。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的***而言，由于与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述，并非对本发明范围的任何限定，本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰，均属于权利要求书的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种数字开关检测电路，包括第一信号通路、第二信号通路和第三信号通路，所述第一信号通路和所述第二信号通路连接一数字开关的第一端，所述第三信号通路连接所述数字开关的第二端，其中：
    所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路均连接一控制器；
    所述控制器通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的数字开关检测电路，其特征在于，
    所述第一信号通路包括第一输入端、第一二极管和第一电阻，所述第一电阻的一端连接所述第一输入端，另一端连接所述第一二极管的阴极，所述第一二极管的阳极连接第一电源；
    所述第二信号通路包括第二输入端和第二电阻，所述第二电阻的一端连接所述第二输入端，另一端接地；
    所述第三信号通路包括第三输入端、第二二极管、第三电阻、第四电阻和第五电阻，所述第三电阻的一端连接所述第三输入端，另一端连接所述第二二极管的阴极，所述第二二极管的阳极连接第二电源，所述第四电阻的一端连接所述第三输入端，另一端连接所述第五电阻的一端和所述数字开关的第二端，所述第五电阻的另一端接地。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的数字开关检测电路，其特征在于，所述第一电源和所述第二电源设置为交替上电。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的数字开关检测电路，其特征在于，所述开关状态包括：数字开关按下和数字开关未按下中的一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的数字开关检测电路，其特征在于，所述确定数字开关是否发生故障包括：
    判断所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路中的每一 个是否短路到地、短路到外部电源或断路。
  6. 一种数字开关检测方法，包括：
    控制器通过第一信号通路和第二信号通路对数字开关的第一端的信号进行检测；
    控制器通过第三信号通路对所述数字开关的第二端的信号进行检测；
    所述控制器通过检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号，确定所述数字开关的开关状态以及数字开关是否发生故障。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的数字开关检测方法，其特征在于，所述控制器检测所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路的输出信号包括：
    控制器检测依次连接的第一电源、第一二极管和第一电阻形成于第一输入端处的输出信号；
    控制器检测接地的第二电阻形成于第二输入端处的输出信号；
    控制器检测依次连接的第二电源、第二二极管和第三电阻，以及依次连接并接地的第四电阻和第五电阻形成于第三输入端处的输出信号。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的数字开关检测方法，其特征在于，所述第一电源和所述第二电源交替上电。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的数字开关检测方法，其特征在于，所述开关状态包括：数字开关按下和数字开关未按下中的一种。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的数字开关检测方法，其特征在于，所述确定数字开关是否发生故障包括：
    判断所述第一信号通路、所述第二信号通路和所述第三信号通路中的每一个是否短路到地、短路到外部电源或断路。
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