WO2019027475A1 - Indicateur de rancidité tactile - Google Patents

Indicateur de rancidité tactile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019027475A1
WO2019027475A1 PCT/US2017/045587 US2017045587W WO2019027475A1 WO 2019027475 A1 WO2019027475 A1 WO 2019027475A1 US 2017045587 W US2017045587 W US 2017045587W WO 2019027475 A1 WO2019027475 A1 WO 2019027475A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
container
adhesive
layer
oxygen level
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2017/045587
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Angele Sjong
Original Assignee
Xinova, LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xinova, LLC filed Critical Xinova, LLC
Priority to PCT/US2017/045587 priority Critical patent/WO2019027475A1/fr
Publication of WO2019027475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019027475A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D79/00—Kinds or details of packages, not otherwise provided for
    • B65D79/02—Arrangements or devices for indicating incorrect storage or transport
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/042—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/20—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising silicone rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B32B2250/242—All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B27/32
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B32B2250/246—All polymers belonging to those covered by groups B32B27/32 and B32B27/30
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B32B2250/248—All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B25/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/31—Heat sealable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/40—Closed containers
    • B32B2439/46—Bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/40—Closed containers
    • B32B2439/62—Boxes, cartons, cases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/70—Food packaging

Definitions

  • [001] Packaged foods may be exposed to various conditions and environments during transit through storage and display on the shelf. Fats in the food are subject to deterioration by rancidity that leads to the formation of objectionable odors and flavors.
  • Oxidative rancidity may occur when oxygen cleaves unsaturated fatty acids at the double bond, resulting in the release of volatile ketones and aldehydes.
  • Hydrolytic rancidity may result from moisture reacting with triglycerides to form fatty acids.
  • Microbial rancidity may be due to the enzymatic (e.g., lipases) breakdown of fatty acids by microorganisms. The degree of rancidifi cation is therefore dependent on the availability of oxygen and moisture within the package.
  • Efforts to reduce rancidity usually involve placing an oxygen scavenger or sensor in the package.
  • Conventional oxygen sensors typically rely on colorimetric or other visual detection by the consumer. For example, some conventional sensors fluoresce on exposure to oxygen. Such sensors, relying on visual detection, are limited to use with transparent food containers.
  • An example apparatus includes a first sheet, second sheet, and an adhesive attaching the first sheet to the second sheet.
  • the adhesive may be configured to have a first state when an oxygen level is below a threshold, and a second state when the oxygen level is above the threshold.
  • the adhesive may further be configured to de-bond, causing the first sheet and the second sheet to change in shape from their shape in the first state.
  • At least one of the first sheet or second sheet may have a preformed shape, wherein in the second state, the at least one of the first sheet or second sheet changes to the pre-formed shape.
  • the adhesive may include cleavable linkages which cleave upon exposure to reactive oxygen species.
  • the adhesive may further include a prodegradant sensitive to oxygen.
  • the threshold is an oxygen level for de-bonding to occur may be 1 % or above.
  • the first sheet and the second sheet may each respectively have a distal end opposite a proximate end, wherein the first sheet and the second sheet are permanently joined at least one of the distal end, the proximal end, the distal and proximal end, or an area between the distal and proximal ends.
  • one of the first sheet or second sheet may be coupled to an interior surface of a third sheet, such as that of a container. In th e second state, the one of the first sheet or second sheet may create a deformation in the third sheet. The deformation of the third sheet may produce a perceptible tactile change in an exterior surface of the third sheet.
  • one of the first or second sheet may be oxygen permeable, allowing oxygen to reach the adhesive.
  • an apparatus may include a container having an interior surface and an exterior surface, and one or more indicators coupled to the interior surface of the container.
  • Each of the one or more indicators may further include a first sheet, a second sheet, and an adhesive attaching the first sheet to the second sheet.
  • the adhesive is configured to have a first state when an oxygen level is below a threshold, wherein the adhesive is configured to have a second state when the oxygen level is above the threshold. In the second state, the adhesive is further configured to de-bond, causing the first sheet and the second sheet to change in shape from the first state.
  • a plurality of indicators is distributed over the intenor surface of the container.
  • the container may further include a defined area, wherein the one or more indicators are located within the defined area of the container.
  • At least one of the first sheet or second sheet may have a pre-formed shape, wherein in the second state, the at least one of the first sheet or second sheet changes to the pre-formed shape.
  • the adhesive may be configured to have reactive oxygen species cleavable linkages.
  • the adhesive may further include a prodegradant sensitive to oxygen.
  • the threshold at which the adhesive de-bonds may be an oxygen level of 1% or above.
  • first sheet and the second sheet may each respectively have a distal end opposite a proximate end, wherein the first sheet and the second sheet are permanently joined at least one of, the distal end, the proximal end, the distal and proximal end, or an area between the distal and proximal ends.
  • the one of the first sheet or second sheet may create a perceptible tactile change in the exterior surface of the container indicative of the oxygen levels.
  • An example method for tactile rancidity indication includes monitoring an oxygen level within a container containing a food product using an indicator positioned on an interior surface of the container, and touching a portion of the container proximate to the indicator to assess freshness of the food product.
  • the method may further include touching the portion of the container proximate to the indicator comprises touching a corner of the container. Touching the portion of the container proximate to the indicator to assess freshness of the food product may include feeling for deformation of the container proximate to the indicator.
  • monitoring the oxygen level within the container may include using the indicator having an adiiesive positioned between two sheets, the adhesive configured to de-bond above a threshold oxygen level.
  • an apparatus may include a first sheet, a second sheet, and an adhesive attaching the first sheet to the second sheet.
  • the adhesive degrades when an oxygen level is above a threshold so that the first sheet releases from the second sheet when the oxygen level is above the threshold.
  • an apparatus including a container having an interior volume, and an indicator located within the interior volume.
  • the indicator may include a first member, a second member, and an adhesive attaching the first member to the second member.
  • the adhesive is configured to degrade when an oxygen level within the interior volume is greater than a threshold oxygen level and release the first member from the second member.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an indicator
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view illustrating the layers of the indicator
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a configuration of the indicator
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an alternative configuration of the indicator
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second alternative configuration of the indicator
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevation view of a container including one or more indicators.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view* of a container including one or more indicators
  • a tactile rancidity indicator may be utilized to monitor the condition (e.g., freshness) of a food product i a container holding the food product by monitoring for byproducts of rancidification. If a rancid condition is present, the indicator may readily indicate this externally , through the container, by providing tactile feedback.
  • Examples of tactile rancidity indicators may include a first sheet and a second sheet, and an adhesive attaching the first sheet to the second sheet. The example adhesive may degrade in the presence of oxygen.
  • the adhesive may be configured to have a first state (e.g., bonded) when an oxygen level is below a threshold, and a second state (e.g., de-bonded) when the oxygen level is above the threshold.
  • the threshold may be an ambient oxygen level in a container.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of example indicator 100, according to various embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the various layers of the indicator 100 as assembled.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the indicator 100, according to various embodiments. The following description will be made with reference to FIGS. 1 & 2.
  • the indicator 100 includes a first layer 105, an adhesive layer 1 10, and a second layer 115.
  • each of the first and second layers 105, 115 may have a thin, sheet-like structure.
  • the indicator 100 may include multiple laminated sheets, the first layer 105 corresponding to a first sheet and the second layer 115 corresponding to a second sheet.
  • first and second layers 105, 115 may have a non-flat shape, including, without limitation, a rod- like shape, coiled shape, or other suitable shape.
  • the first layer 105 may correspond to a first member, and the second layer 115 may correspond to a second member.
  • the various components described in FIGS. 1 & 2 are merely examples, and other variations, including eliminating components, combining components, and substituting components are all contemplated.
  • the first layer 105 may be attached to the second layer
  • each of the first layer 105 and the second layer 115 may be bonded to either side of the adhesive layer 110.
  • the first layer 105 and second layer 1 15 may, at some points, be permanently bonded together, with or without the presence of the adhesive layer 110.
  • the following description may refer to the first layer 105 and second layer 1 15 as being laminated when they are attached together, and delaminated when the first layer 105 is released from the second layer 115. [ ⁇ 26]
  • 1 15 may be different portions of a single element.
  • the single element may be folded or otherwise attached to itself via an adhesive, such as adhesive layer 110.
  • the first layer 105 may correspond to a first portion of the single element
  • the second layer 115 may correspond to a second portion of the single element.
  • the first and second portions of the single element may be laminated together, and become del animated when the adhesive layer 110 degrades.
  • the first layer 105 may release from the second layer 1 15.
  • delarnination may include buckling delarnination of the first and second layers 105, 1 15.
  • Buckling occurs when there is a mechanical instability that arises from an elastic mismatch between the two materials that are bonded (e.g., the first and second layers 105, 1 15).
  • the debonding of the adhesive layer 110, plus elastic mismatch between the first and second layers 105, 115 may lead to in-plane compressive stress that drives the buckling delarnination.
  • the indicator 100 may have an elongated shape.
  • Each of the first layer 105, adhesive layer 110, and second layer 1 15 may be a sheet like structure, having the same elongated shape and arranged to overlap with one another.
  • the indicator 100 (and correspondingly the first layer 105, adhesive layer 1 10, and second layer 1 15) may, thus, have a proximal end 120 and distal end 125.
  • the indicator 100 may be configured to have other, alternative shapes, such as a round or elliptical shape, cylindrical shape, rod-like shape, curved or spiral shape, rectangular shape, polygonal shape, or an irregular shape.
  • the first layer 105 may be configured to be exposed to the environment of the inside of a container. Accordingly, to allow the adhesive layer 110 to also be exposed to the inside of the container, in some embodiments, the first layer 105 and/or second layer 115 may be oxygen permeable. In other embodiments, the first layer 105 and/or second layer 115 may be coated to mitigate the absorption of oxygen.
  • the first layer 105 may further be configured to have an original, pre-formed shape.
  • the first layer 105 may be curled, or otherwise have a shape introduced to it before it is laminated to the second layer 115. Tins may be accomplished by curved extrusion, or introducing residual strain to the first layer 105.
  • the first layer 105 When the first layer 105 is laminated, via the adhesive layer 110, to the second layer 1 15, the first layer 105 may be flattened from its pre-formed shape, and made to maintain a flat configuration.
  • the first layer 105 may be positioned such that, when bonded to the second layer 1 15, the first layer is parallel with the second layer 1 15.
  • the first layer 105 When de-bonded from the adhesive layer 1 10, the first layer 105 may return to its pre-formed shape. In some further embodiments, the first layer 105 may, when exposed to oxygen, may undergo a perceptible tactile change, from a first shape to a second shape. For example, the first layer 105 may be flat in its first shape, but when exposed to oxygen, the first layer 105 may become gradually more curved, spiraled, or take the form of another non-flat shape.
  • the first layer 105 may be a flexible polymer material.
  • Suitable materials may include, without limitation, polyethylene (e.g., low-density polyethylene (LDPE)), polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, silicone rubber, or other suitable polymeric material.
  • LDPE low-density polyethylene
  • the first layer 105 may also be a generally recognized as food-safe (e.g., GRAS) designated material.
  • the second layer 115 may be configured to have an original, pre-formed shape.
  • the pre-formed shape of the second layer 115 may be different from the pre-formed shape of the first layer 105, or in other embodiments, the pre-formed shape of the second layer 1 15 may be the same as the pre-formed shape of the first layer.
  • the second layer 115 may have a shape introduced to it before it is laminated with the first layer 105.
  • the first and second layers 105, 115 may be made to maintain a flat shape.
  • the second layer 115 when de- bonded from the adhesive layer 1 10, the second layer 115 may return to its pre-formed shape, or, alternatively, may undergo a change in shape when exposed to oxygen.
  • the second layer 115 may be a rigid material relative to the first layer 105.
  • the second layer 115 may maintain a relatively flat shape even when deiaminated (e.g., released) from the first layer 105.
  • the second layer 115 may provide a flat substrate to which the first layer 105.
  • the first layer 105 may be made to maintain a flat configuration while laminated to the second layer 1 15.
  • the second layer 115 may be a polymer material.
  • Suitable materials may include, without limitation, polyethylene, polyurethane, silicone rubber, or other suitable polymeric material.
  • the second layer 115 may also be a GRAS designated material.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may be configured to attach the first layer 105 and the second layer 115. Attachment may include, without limitation, chemical or other suitable bonding.
  • the adhesive layer 1 10 may be an air or oxygen- sensitive adhesive. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 110 may preferentially absorb oxygen. For example, when ambient oxygen level rise above 1%, the adhesive used in the adhesive layer 110 may begin to de-bond.
  • snack bags and other containers are flushed with nitrogen gas prior to sealing to reduce oxygen levels.
  • the oxygen level in snack bags range between 1% and 5%, and varies over time. Expressed as partial pressure (atm), oxygen in the headspace of snack bags may range from 0.05 to 0.21 partial pressure.
  • ambient oxygen level may refer to an oxygen level in a defined volume in proximity to the indicator 100.
  • the defined volume may be a container in which the indicator 100 is sealed or otherwise enclosed.
  • the oxygen level may be measured by mass, relative to other gases within the defined volume.
  • the oxygen level may be measured by volume, or as a partial pressure.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may be formulated to begin de- bonding at a desired threshold oxygen level, as required for a particular application.
  • Example threshold oxygen levels may include, without limitation 1%, greater than 1 %, greater than 0.75%, greater than 0.5%, etc.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may include reactive oxygen species (ROS) cleavable linkages. Upon exposure to ROS such as those produced by rancidification, may cause polymers in the adhesive layer 110 to cleave in multiple locations.
  • ROS reactive oxygen species
  • Example materials with suitable ROS-cleavable linkages may include, without limitation, an ROS-responsive polyiamino thioketal) (PATK).
  • PATK ROS-responsive polyiamino thioketal
  • the adhesive layer 110 may include an oxygen prodegradant, configured to accelerate the degradation of the adhesive when exposed to oxygen.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may be an air-sensitive, food-grade or GRAS composition that contains no oxidants, and instead includes the oxygen prodegradant.
  • the adhesive layer 1 10 may include a transition metal as a prodegradant, including, without limitation, iron or copper.
  • the indicator 100 may be used to monitor the rancidity of a food product, and assess the freshness of the food product within a container containing the food product. This may be accomplished by monitoring an ambient oxygen level within the container, as previously described. When the oxygen level exceeds a Häshold, indicating rancidification of the food product, the indicator 100 may become delammated, causing a perceptible tactile change that may be detected from the exterior of the container. Thus, a consumer or user may identify that the food product has spoiled, or is no longer meets the freshness requirements of a manufacturer or distributor, by touching a portion of the container proximate to the indicator 100.
  • the de-bonding rate of the adhesive layer 110 may be adjusted based on the rate of oxidation of a food product to be monitored.
  • the de-bonding rate may be adj usted to be slightly faster than that of the food product to be monitored so that the indicator predicts rancidification of the food product before (more conservatively) the food product is expected to become rancid.
  • the de-bonding rate may be adjusted in other ways, such as, without limitation, to match that of the food product to be monitored.
  • the adhesive layer 1 10 may have a cross- sectional thickness less than that of the first layer 105 and/or second layer 1 15.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may have a cross-sectional thickness that is less than l mm.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer 115 may be adjusted to adjust the de-bonding rate.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may be applied to one of the first layer 105, or second layer 115.
  • the adhesive layer 1 10 may be applied to the first and/or second layer 105, 1 15 in a pattern configured to promote air and/or oxygen diffusion into the adhesive layer 1 10.
  • the de-bonding rate may be adjusted by changing a pattern, in which the adhesive layer 110 is applied to the first and/or second layer 105, 115.
  • the de-bonding may further be adjusted by introducing ethylenically unsaturated bonds into the adhesive (e.g., a polymeric adhesive) used in the adhesive layer 110.
  • additional ROS-responsive bonds e.g., thioketals
  • Oxidative degradation of adhesive bonds is a common failure mode of polymeric adhesives, such as the ones used in adhesive layer 110.
  • the formation of hydroperoxides is a key step in the oxidative degradation of most hydrocarbon polymers.
  • the oxygen absorbed by the adhesives causes the quantitative or near quantitative formation of hydroperoxides.
  • the initial oxidation mechanism occurs when a free radical is formed in the polymeric component of an adhesive. Propagation reactions involve the rapid reaction of the polymer free radicals with oxygen-forming peroxy radicals. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the adhesive layer 1 10 may be subject to a thermal cycle prior to use.
  • the thermal cycle eliminates an "oxidative induction time," also known as a latent period that the adhesive may undergo prior to oxidation.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may further be subject to gamma irradiation prior to use. This may form latent free radicals in polymeric adhesives used in the adhesive layer 1 10, which may, in turn, form peroxy radicals upon exposure to oxygen - further promoting oxidation in the adhesive layer 110.
  • the adhesive layer 1 10 may be a G AS, or food-grade material.
  • Suitable materials for the adhesive layer 110 may include, without limitation, polyurethanes, acrylics, hot-melts, starch, vinyl acetate, ethylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylic adhesive, and other suitable polymeric adhesives.
  • the adhesive layer 110 may be formulated to mitigate or eliminate the presence of antioxidants.
  • many GRAS or other food-grade adhesives may be formulated with prodegradants.
  • the indicator 100 may be attached to or incorporated within an interior surface of a container.
  • Example containers may include, without limitation, bags, boxes, clamshell containers, and other containers having a wall or surface to which the indicator 100 may be operably attached or integrated with.
  • the walls of the container may include thin, flexible, laminated film or sheet, such as those found in snack bags for chips, cookies, and other food products.
  • the walls of the container may be flexible and/or thin enough such that the indicator 100 may be tactilely sensed (e.g., felt), by a user or consumer, through walls of the container from the exterior of the container when the indicator 100 undergoes a perceptible tactile change (e.g., the first layer 105 becomes released from the second layer 115).
  • one of the first or second layers may be attached to an interior surface of the wall of the container via an adhesive resistant to oxidation, heat sealing, or otherwise affixed to the interior surface of the container.
  • the first layer 105 and the second layer 115 may be permanently bonded together at a clasp location.
  • the first and second layers 105, 115 may be bonded together using an external clasp at the clasp location, or bonded together using an ultrasonic weld. The indicator 100 may then be attached to the interior surface of the container via the clasp location.
  • the indicator 100 may not need to be attached to the interior surface of a container, and may instead be located in the intenor of the container.
  • the indicator may be coupled to a seam of a container, such as a sealed bag, or otherwise located within the container to be accessible, by touch, from the exterior of the bag.
  • the container may have relatively rigid walls where the indicator 100 may not be able to felt externally through the walls of the container.
  • the indicator 100 may be integrated into the walls of the container such that one of the first or second layers 105, 115 may be felt or accessed externally.
  • a defined portion or area of the container may be constructed from a different material through which the indicator 100 may be felt.
  • a plurality of indicators 100 may be attached to the interior surface of a container.
  • the plurality of indicators 100 may be attached to the interior surface, and distributed throughout the walls of the container.
  • the plurality of indicators 100 may be located within a defined area of the container.
  • the plurality of indicators 100 may be attached to the interior of the container near a headspace area of the container, or near a seam where the container is sealed.
  • the plurality of indicators 100 may be arranged such that the plurality of indicators 100 are not able to be tactilely sensed in a first (e.g., laminated) state.
  • the plurality of indicators 100 may feel smooth from the exterior of the container.
  • a second (e.g., delaminated) state once the first layer 105 becomes delaminated from the second layer 115, the plurality of indicators 100 may feel rough from the exterior of the container.
  • the defined area of the container may be located in at a comer, by a seam, or near the top of the container such that the walls of the container may be collapsed around the indicators 100.
  • the defined area may be labeled, color coded, or otherwise indicated on the exterior of the container. Accordingly, by touching the defined area of, a user may be able to quickly ascertain the rancidification or freshness of a food product.
  • the indicator 100 may have a total thickness, T, when the first layer 105 is laminated, via the adhesive layer 110, to the second layer 115.
  • T may be equal to the combined thickness of the first layer 105 when flat, the adhesive layer 110, and second layer 115 when flat. In some embodiments, T may be less than 1mm in thickness.
  • the indicator 100 may have a T that is not detectable.
  • the indicator may have a total delaminated thickness, Tdel.
  • Tdel may include the combined thickness of the first layer 105 when in a non-flat shape due to the degradation of the adhesive layer 110, and subsequent delamination of the first layer 105 from the second layer 1 15.
  • the non-flat shape may include the pre-formed shape of the first layer 105, or alternatively, the altered shape of the first layer 105 when exposed to oxygen.
  • humans are capable of tactilely sensing features as in the micron and sub-millimeter range, and can dynamically detect surface structures may orders of magnitude smaller, for example, in some cases as small as lOnm.
  • the sense of touch is classified as active or passive. It is currently accepted that for static touch (e.g., in the absence of movement or applied vibrations), the minimum feature size that can be detected is around 0.2 mm.
  • Typical container walls, such as those found in snack bags have a thickness of around 63.5 ⁇ .
  • a structural variation may be introduced to the container wall by the indicator 100.
  • structural features introduced by the indicator 100 can be as small as 90 ⁇ .
  • the indicator 100 when the first layer 105 is released from the second layer 115, the indicator 100 may have a thickness in the range of 90 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ . In further embodiments, when in a laminated state, the indicator 100 may not be detectable by touch. Thus, in the first state, the indicator 100 may have a thickness in the range of 10 to 20 ⁇ . Thus, the indicator 100 may undergo a perceptible tactile change, transitioning from the first (e.g., laminated) state to a second (e.g., deiaminated) state.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example configuration of the indicator 300, according to various embodiments.
  • the indicator 300 may include a first layer 305, adhesive layer 310, and second layer 315.
  • the various components described in FIG. 3 are merely examples, and other variations, including eliminating components, combining components, and substituting components are all contemplated.
  • the first layer 305 may be attached to the second layer 315 via the adhesive layer 310.
  • each of the first layer 305 and the second layer 315 may be bonded to either side of the adhesive layer 310.
  • the first and second layers 305, 315 may be permanently bonded at the clasp area 320, located at a proximal end 330.
  • the indicator 300 In a first (e.g., laminated) state, the indicator 300 may have a total thickness, T. T may be equal to the sum of the thickness of the first layer 305, t! , the thickness of the second layer 315, t2, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 310, t3.
  • the indicator 300 may not be able to be tactilely sensed through the exterior of a container.
  • the adhesive layer 310 undergoes oxidative degradation, as illustrated in the degraded region 325, the first layer 305 may release from the second layer 315, as depicted at the distal end 335.
  • the thickness of the indicator 300 in a second (e.g., deiaminated) state is Tdel.
  • the first and second layers 305, 315 may separate further away from each other, increasing Tdel. As Tdel increases, eventually the indicator 300 may become tactilely detectible through an exterior of a container.
  • the adhesive layer 310 in the degraded region 325 may remain bonded to one of the first layer 305 or second layer 315, resulting in an "adhesive failure.”
  • debonding may occur within the adhesive layer 310 itself, in the degraded region 325.
  • the adhesive layer 310 in the degraded region 325 may become divided between the first layer 305 and second layer 315, with part of the adhesive layer 310 in the degraded region 325 remaining bonded to the first layer 305 and part of the adhesive layer 310 in the degraded region 325 remaining bonded to the second layer 315.
  • the latter scenario may be considered a "cohesive failure.”
  • first and second layers 305, 315 are shown with each having a curved pre-formed shape.
  • first and second layers 305, 315 pull further away from each other.
  • This configuration should not be taken as limiting and it should be understood that other pre-formed shapes may be utilized from the first and/or second layers 305, 315.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example alternative configuration of the indicator 400, according to various embodiments.
  • the indicator 400 includes a first layer 405 A, 405B (collectively 405), adhesive layer 410A, 410B (collectively 410), second layer 415A, 415B (collectively 415), and a clasp area 420.
  • the various components described in FIG. 4 are merely examples, and other variations, including eliminating components, combining components, and substituting components are all contemplated.
  • the first layer 405 may be attached to the second layer 415 via the adhesive layer 410. Thus, each of the first layer 405 and the second layer 415 may be bonded to either side of the adhesive layer 410.
  • the clasp area 420 of the indicator 400 may be positioned between the proximal end 430 and distal end 435 of the indicator 400, and the first and second layers 405, 415 may be permanently bonded at the clasp area 420.
  • the adhesive layer On a first side (e.g., proximal end 430) of the clasp area 420, the adhesive layer
  • first and second layers 405A, 415A may- separate away from each other.
  • the first layer 405A and/or second layer 415A may have a pre-formed shape.
  • the first and second layers 405 A, 415 A are shown with each having a curved pre-formed shape.
  • the adhesive layer 1 OB may begin to degrade at the degraded region 425B. Accordingly, the structures may be mirrored on both sides of the clasp area 420.
  • the adhesive layer 410 in the degraded regions 425 A, 425B may remain bonded to one of the first layer 405 or second layer 415, resulting in an "adhesive failure.”
  • debonding may occur within the adhesive layer 410 itself, in the degraded region 425 A, 425B, with part of the adhesive layer 410 in the degraded region 425 A, 425B remaining bonded to the first layer 405 and part of the adhesive layer 410 in the degraded region 425 remaining bonded to the second layer 415, resulting in a "cohesive failure.”
  • the indicator As previously described with respect to the above embodiments, the indicator
  • the indicator 400 may not be perceptible by touch while the first and second layers 405, 415 remain laminated. However, as the first and second layers 405, 415 become delaminated, the indicator 400 may undergo a perceptible tactile change, such that the indicator 400 may ⁇ be tactilely sensed at one or both of the proximal and distal ends 430, 435.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a second example alternative configuration of the indicator
  • the indicator 500 includes a first layer 505, adhesive layer 510, and second layer 515.
  • the mdicator 500 includes two clasp areas 520A, 520B (collectively 520).
  • the various components described in FIG. 5 are merely examples, and other variations, including eliminating components, combining components, and substituting components are all contemplated.
  • the first layer 505 may be attached to the second layer 515 via the adhesive layer 510.
  • each of the first layer 405 and the second layer 515 may be bonded to either side of the adhesive layer 510.
  • a first clasp area 520A is located at the proximal end 530 of the indicator 500, and a second clasp area 520B is located at the distal end 535 of the indicator 500.
  • the first and second layers 405, 415 may be permanently- bonded at the clasp areas 520.
  • the adhesive layer 510 may begin to degrade in the degraded region 525, between the two clasp areas 520.
  • the first layer 505 and second layer 515 may be released from each other.
  • the first layer 505 and/or second layer 515 may have a pre-formed shape, for example, a curve.
  • the first layer 505 may have a curve so as to bend in a concave manner when released from the second layer 515.
  • the indicator 500 may undergo a perceptible tactile change, such that the indicator 500 may be tactilely sensed between the proximal and distal ends 530, 535.
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevation view 600 of an example container 605 including a plurality of indicators 625 A-N (collectively 625), according to various embodiments.
  • the container may have an interior volume including a headspace 615 and a food product located in the bottom area 610.
  • the various components described in FIG. 6 are merely examples, and other variations, including eliminating components, combining components, and substituting components are all contemplated.
  • a plurality of indicators 625 may be located within the interior volume of the container 605.
  • the plurality of indicators 625 may be located in the headspace 615 of the container 605.
  • the plurality of indicators 625 may be attached to the interior surface of the container 605.
  • the plurality of indicators 625 may be located within a defined area 620 of the container 605.
  • the plurality of indicators 625 and/or defined area 620 may be located in the headspace 615 of the container 605.
  • the headspace 615 of the container 605 is filled with nitrogen gas to slow rancidification and provide cushioning during transport.
  • the food product is typically located at the bottom area 610 of the container 605, depending on the orientation of the container 605.
  • the plurality of indicators 625 may include a first layer, second layer, and adhesive laminating the first and second layers together.
  • the adhesive may undergo oxidative degradation.
  • the first layer may release from the second layer, allowing the plurality of indicators 625 to be tactilely sensed.
  • the plurality of indicators 625 may be arranged such that they feel bumpy and/or rough to the touch. This may be accomplished by adjusting the number of indicators 625, as well as the spacing between each of the indicators 625A- 625N. In further embodiments, the orientation of each of the indicators 625A-625N may also adjusted to create a desired tactile effect. As previously described, each indicator may have a thickness in a first, laminated state that is not detectibie through the exterior of the container 605. When the indicator 625 becomes delaminated, it may then undergo a perceptible tactile change that allows it to be felt through exterior of the container 605. This will be described in further detail below with respect to FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view 700 of a container 705 A, 705B including one or more indicators 725A, 725B, according to various embodiments.
  • the various components described in FIG. 7 are merely examples, and other variations, including eliminating components, combining components, and substituting components are all contemplated.
  • a first view depicts the headspace 715 A of the container 705A including the pluraiily of indicators 725A in a laminated state.
  • the plurality of indicators 725A is attached to an interior surface 730 of the container 705B.
  • the plurality of indicators 725 A may be arranged in a defined area 720A of the container 705 A.
  • the plurality of indicators 725A may not be detectibie.
  • the plurality of indicators 725A in the defined area 720 A of the container 705 A may seem to be smooth from the exterior of the container 705 A.
  • each of the plurality of indicators 725A may have a total thickness of T.
  • a second view depicts the headspace 7.15B of the container 705B where the plurality of indicators 725B in a delaminated state.
  • each of the plurality of indicators 725B may have a delaminated thickness, Tdel.
  • the indicators 725B may be detectibie by touch in the defined area 720B of the container 705B.
  • the plurality of indicators 725B in the defined area 720B of the container 705B may seem rough to the touch, from the exterior of the container 705B.
  • the plurality of indicators 725B may create a deformation in the container 705B that may be tactileiy sensed from the exterior surface 735 of the container 705B when the first and second lay ers of the plurality of indicators 725B become delaminated.
  • This deformation of the walls of the container 705B can be seen in the defined area 720B, and may create a perceptible tactile change in the container 705B that may be felt from the exterior of the container 705B.
  • A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in general, such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g. , "a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A,
  • A, B, or C would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of "A” or "B” or "A and
  • any two components so associated can also be viewed as being “operably connected”, or “operably coupled”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being “operably couplable”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality.
  • operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and/or physically interacting components and/or wirelessly interactable and/or wireiessly interacting components and/or logically interacting and/or logically interactable components,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des appareils et des procédés destinés à un indicateur de rancidité tactile. Un appareil donné à titre d'exemple comprend une première feuille, une seconde feuille et un adhésif fixant la première feuille à la seconde feuille. L'adhésif peut être conçu pour présenter un premier état lorsqu'un niveau d'oxygène est inférieur à un certain seuil et un second état lorsque le niveau d'oxygène est supérieur au seuil. Dans le second état, l'adhésif peut en outre être conçu pour se décoller, ce qui amène la première feuille et la seconde feuille à changer de forme depuis leur forme dans le premier état.
PCT/US2017/045587 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Indicateur de rancidité tactile WO2019027475A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2017/045587 WO2019027475A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Indicateur de rancidité tactile

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2017/045587 WO2019027475A1 (fr) 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Indicateur de rancidité tactile

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WO2019027475A1 true WO2019027475A1 (fr) 2019-02-07

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060057022A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-16 Williams John R Food quality indicator
US20070059837A1 (en) * 2003-04-24 2007-03-15 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Method for noticing changes in a package, method for locating a package, package and system for locating a package
US20120121874A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2012-05-17 Bonutti Peter M Conformal fabric systems and method
US20150002299A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2015-01-01 Warren Sandvick Food safety indicator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070059837A1 (en) * 2003-04-24 2007-03-15 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Method for noticing changes in a package, method for locating a package, package and system for locating a package
US20060057022A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-16 Williams John R Food quality indicator
US20120121874A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2012-05-17 Bonutti Peter M Conformal fabric systems and method
US20150002299A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2015-01-01 Warren Sandvick Food safety indicator

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