WO2019024687A1 - 一种显示基板及显示装置 - Google Patents

一种显示基板及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019024687A1
WO2019024687A1 PCT/CN2018/096251 CN2018096251W WO2019024687A1 WO 2019024687 A1 WO2019024687 A1 WO 2019024687A1 CN 2018096251 W CN2018096251 W CN 2018096251W WO 2019024687 A1 WO2019024687 A1 WO 2019024687A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
display
area
weakened
display substrate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/096251
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王大威
王甲强
刘蕊
任健
穆景飞
张彦超
王彦明
金海玲
蔡修军
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US16/342,166 priority Critical patent/US10962820B2/en
Publication of WO2019024687A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019024687A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136209—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
    • H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
    • H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
    • H01L27/1248—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition or shape of the interlayer dielectric specially adapted to the circuit arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/52—RGB geometrical arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/56—Substrates having a particular shape, e.g. non-rectangular
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/30—Gray scale

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display substrate and a display device.
  • the edge of the effective display area (Active Area, abbreviated as AA area) of the display substrate may be non-linear. In this way, the AA area can meet the requirements of diversifying the shape of the edge of the display substrate.
  • it is also possible to integrate some other components such as an earpiece or a camera in the recess of the edge of the AA area mentioned above.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate and a display device.
  • An aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate including a black matrix; the display substrate is provided with a display area, at least a portion of the edge of the display area is a profiled edge having a concave-convex shape; in the display area
  • the black matrix includes a plurality of light-shielding strips that intersect horizontally and vertically, the light-shielding strips laterally intersect to define a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a matrix form; the display area has a visually weakened area adjacent to the shaped edge; Within the visually weakened region, the black matrix further includes a light blocking block located within the sub-pixel, the light blocking block occupying a portion of the sub-pixel.
  • the visually weakened region includes a plurality of weakened sub-regions adjacent to the heteromorphic edge; in the same one of the weakened sub-regions, an area of the light-blocking blocks in each sub-pixel is equal; along the attenuator The area of the region facing the profiled edge, the area of the light blocking block in the weakened sub-region gradually increases.
  • the absolute values of the differences in the areas of the light blocking blocks in any two adjacent weakened sub-areas are equal along the arrangement direction of the weakened sub-region toward the profiled edge.
  • a plurality of sub-pixels adjacent to each other and having different light-emitting colors constitute one pixel unit; and each sub-pixel in the same pixel unit is located in the same one of the weakened sub-regions.
  • the light shielding block is rectangular; in each of the sub-pixels, the light shielding block is disposed adjacent to the profiled edge.
  • the light shielding block is non-rectangular; in each of the sub-pixels, an area of the light shielding block gradually increases in a direction close to the profiled edge.
  • the shading block has a right-angled triangle shape, and a bottom or right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is adjacent to the profiled edge.
  • the shading block has a right-angled trapezoid shape, and a bottom or right-angled side of the right-angled trapezoid is adjacent to the profiled edge.
  • the display area has the left and right symmetrical edge portions; the light shielding block located at the left half of the display area is symmetrical with the shape of the light shielding block located at the right half of the display area.
  • the display area has the profiled edges that are symmetrically upper and lower; the light shielding block located in the upper half of the display area is symmetrical with the shape of the light shielding block located in the lower half of the display area.
  • each of the weakened sub-regions includes N rows and/or N columns of the sub-pixels; wherein N ⁇ 1, N is a positive integer.
  • the display substrate further includes a base substrate and a color filter layer on the base substrate, the black matrix being disposed on the color filter layer facing away from the substrate substrate side.
  • the display substrate further includes a base substrate and a TFT array structure disposed between the base substrate and the black matrix; wherein the TFT array structure is located on a display of the display substrate Area.
  • a display device comprising any one of the display substrates as described above.
  • the display substrate further includes a non-display area located around the display area; the display device further includes a component to be integrated; an orthographic projection of the component to be integrated on the display substrate is located The concave portion of the profiled edge of the display area.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a display substrate having an AA region with a profiled edge
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a display substrate having an AA region having a profiled edge, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a display substrate having an AA region having a profiled edge according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a light shielding strip in a display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a visually weakened region near a profiled edge of an AA region, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a light shielding block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a light shielding block according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a visually weakened region near a profiled edge of an AA region, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a visually weakened region including two weakened sub-regions according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a structure of a visually weakened region including three weakened sub-regions, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged plan view showing a partial structure of Figure 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the sub-pixel 10 having a rectangular shape in the AA area of the display substrate 01 is shown.
  • the number of sub-pixels 10 can be increased or decreased to macroscopically make the edge of the AA region curved.
  • the edge of the AA area of the display substrate 01 is semi-arc-shaped in a macroscopic manner.
  • the edge of the above AA region is macroscopically curved, at the microscopic level, the rectangular sub-pixel 10 at the edge of the AA region has a jagged shape due to the uneven arrangement position. Therefore, in the process of display, the edge of the AA area will have a jagged visual effect, which is not conducive to improving the display effect.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate 01. As shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, the display substrate 01 is provided with a display area A and a non-display area B located around the display area A. Wherein at least a part of the edge of the display area A is a profiled edge C having a concave-convex shape, that is, the profiled edge is non-linear.
  • FIG. 2 is an example in which the profiled edge C is an arc shape.
  • one side of the non-display area B on the same side as the profiled edge C of the display area A can also be formed in an arc shape, so that the entire display substrate 01 has an arc-shaped side to satisfy the user.
  • the requirements for the diversity of the display device Alternatively, Fig. 3 illustrates an example in which the profiled edge C is curved. A portion of the curve is recessed so that other components to be integrated, such as an earpiece, camera, etc., can be integrated at the recessed location. In this way, the AA area can surround a part of the component to be integrated, so that the area of the non-display area B occupied by the component to be integrated can be reduced, and the design of the narrow frame and the wide screen is facilitated.
  • the display substrate 01 may further include a black matrix 20 (BM) located in the display area A and the non-display area B.
  • the black matrix 20 may include a plurality of light blocking strips 201 that are horizontally and vertically intersected as shown in FIG.
  • the light-shielding strip 201 laterally intersects to define a plurality of the above-described sub-pixels 10 arranged in a matrix form.
  • the black matrix 20 further includes a light blocking block 202 located within the sub-pixel 10, the light blocking block 202 occupying a portion of the sub-pixel 10 region. This causes the light transmissive area of the sub-pixel 10 in the visually weakened area 101 to decrease.
  • the material of the light shielding block 202 and the light shielding strip 201 may be the same and have an integrated structure.
  • the black matrix 20 having the light shielding block 202 and the light shielding strip 201 can be formed by one masking, exposure, and etching process.
  • FIG. 5 only shows a part of the profiled edge C and the visually weakened zone 101.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the number of sub-pixels 10 in the visually weakened area 101 as long as it can be ensured that the visually weakened area 101 includes at least one row and/or one column of sub-pixels 10 adjacent to the shaped edge C.
  • the number of sub-pixels 10 in the visually weakened area 101 can be set as needed by those skilled in the art on the premise that the effect is not affected in the middle portion of the display area A.
  • the arrangement position of the sub-pixel 10 near the edge position in the AA region may be uneven.
  • the shape of the light shielding block 202 may be a rectangle as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the light blocking block 202 can be disposed close to the profiled edge C.
  • a portion of the sub-pixel 10 that is blocked by the light-shielding block 202 can be brought close to the profiled edge C to reduce the brightness of the profiled edge C and its periphery, thereby reducing the acuity of the human eye to capture the shape of the profiled edge C.
  • the shape of the light shielding block 202 may be non-rectangular.
  • the shape of the light blocking block 202 may be trapezoidal, triangular, or the like.
  • the area of the light-blocking block 202 gradually increases in the direction toward the profiled edge C.
  • the shape of the light shielding block 202 is a right-angled trapezoid
  • the bottom or right-angled side of the right-angled trapezoid is close to the above-mentioned profiled edge C, so that the area of the light-shielding block 202 gradually increases in the direction toward the profiled edge C.
  • the bottom and right angle sides of the right angle may overlap with the position of the light bar 201 around the sub-pixel 10 where the light blocking block 202 is located, and the light bar 201 and the light blocking block 202 Can be a one-piece structure.
  • the The light blocking block 202 of the left half of the display area A is symmetrical with the shape of the light blocking block 202 located at the right half of the display area A.
  • the upper half of the display area A is located.
  • the light blocking block 202 is symmetrical with the shape of the light blocking block 202 located in the lower half of the display area A.
  • the display area A has a visually weakened area 101 near the shaped edge C, and the visually weakened area 101 has a light blocking block 202 disposed in the sub-pixel 10. Since the light blocking block 202 occupies a part of the sub-pixel 10, the original light transmittance of the sub-pixel 10 can be correspondingly reduced, and the brightness of the sub-pixel 10 can be reduced. In this way, the brightness of the visually weakened area 101 can be reduced as a whole, so that the acuity of capturing the image displayed around the shaped edge C by the human eye is reduced during the display process, and finally the above-mentioned shaped edge C can be reduced.
  • the area has a jagged visual effect.
  • the visually weakened region 101 includes a plurality of weakened sub-regions 1011 that are close to the contoured edge C.
  • the visually weakened area 101 in FIG. 9 includes two weakened sub-areas 1011_a and 1011_b.
  • the visually weakened area 101 in FIG. 10 includes three weakened sub-areas 1011_a, 1011_b, and 1011_c. In this way, by dividing the plurality of weakened sub-regions 1011 in the visually weakened region 101, the visually weakened region 101 can be refined.
  • the area of the light blocking block 202 in each sub-pixel 10 is equal in the same weakened sub-region 1011.
  • the areas of the respective light blocking blocks 202 in the same weakened sub-region 1011 are equal, so that the transmittances of the respective sub-pixels 10 in the same weakened sub-region 1011 are the same.
  • the brightness values of the same weakened sub-area 1011 are uniform, so that the brightness of the weakened sub-area 1011 is uniform.
  • a plurality of sub-pixels 10 adjacent to each other and having different light-emitting colors constitute one pixel unit 11.
  • the red (R) sub-pixel 10, the green (G) sub-pixel 10, and the blue (G) sub-pixel 10 may constitute one pixel unit; or, the red (R) sub-pixel 10, the green (G) sub-pixel 10, The blue (G) sub-pixel 10 and the white (W) sub-pixel 10 may constitute one pixel unit; or alternatively, the red (R) sub-pixel 10, the green (G) sub-pixel 10, the blue (G) sub-pixel 10, and The yellow (Y) sub-pixel 10 can constitute one pixel unit.
  • each sub-pixel 10 in the same pixel unit 11 is located in the same weakened sub-region 1101.
  • the areas of the light-blocking blocks 202 in the respective sub-pixels 10 are equal. Therefore, the areas of the light blocking blocks 202 in the respective sub-pixels 10 in the same pixel unit 11 are equal. In this way, the light transmittance of each sub-pixel 10 in the same pixel unit 11 can be made the same, so that the problem that a single color in the pixel unit 11 is excessively bright can be avoided.
  • the area of the light-blocking block 202 in the weakened sub-region 1011 gradually increases.
  • the lower the transmittance of the sub-pixel 10 in the weakened sub-region 1011 closer to the profiled edge C the lower the acuity of the user's eyes to capture the image around the profiled edge C.
  • the higher the transmittance of the sub-pixel 10 in the weakened sub-region 1011 farther from the profiled edge C the lower the brightness of the sub-pixel 10 in the weakened sub-region 1011 near the central display region of the display substrate can be reduced.
  • the difference in brightness of the sub-pixels 10 in the central display area avoids affecting the display effect of the central display area.
  • the area of the light blocking block 202 in the weakened sub-region 1011_b far from the profiled edge C is smaller than the area of the light blocking block 202 in the weakened sub-region 1011_a near the profiled edge C.
  • the area of the light blocking block 202 in the weakened sub-region 1011_c farthest from the profiled edge C is the smallest; the area of the light blocking block 202 in the weakened sub-region 1011_b that is next far away from the profiled edge C is larger than that in the weakened sub-area 1011_c
  • the area of the light blocking block 202; and the area of the light blocking block 202 in the weakened sub-area 1011_a near the shaped edge C is the largest.
  • the change in the area of the light-blocking block 202 in the three weakened sub-regions 1011_a, 1011_b, and 1011_c is exemplified by the visually weakened area 101 including the three weakened sub-areas 1011_a, 1011_b, and 1011_c which are sequentially away from the shaped edge C.
  • the area of the light blocking block 202 in the weakened sub-region 1011 gradually increases due to the arrangement direction X of the weakened sub-region 1011 toward the profiled edge C, and therefore, the weakening of the farthest edge C is farthest.
  • the area of the light blocking block 202 in the sub-area 1011_c may be 1/4 of the original area of the rectangular sub-pixel 10 (Pixel); the area of the light-shielding block 202 in the weakened sub-area 1011_b that is next away from the shaped edge C may be the rectangle
  • the area of the sub-pixel 10 (Pixel) is 1/2 of the original area; and the area of the light-shielding block 202 in the weakened sub-area 1011_a close to the shaped edge C is the largest, which may be 3/4 of the original area of the rectangular sub-pixel 10 (Pixel).
  • the absolute values of the differences between the areas of the adjacent weakened sub-areas such as 1011_c and 1011_b; or the areas of the light-shielding blocks 202 of 1011_b and 1011_a are equal in the arrangement direction X of the weakened sub-region 1011 toward the profiled edge, Both are 1/4 pixel area.
  • the values of the areas of the light blocking blocks 202 in the plurality of weakened sub-regions 1011 along the arrangement direction X of the plurality of weakened sub-regions 1011 toward the profiled edges are in an arithmetic progression.
  • the brightness of the sub-pixels 10 can be gradually reduced in the direction X toward the profiled edge C in the visually weakened region 101, and the brightness difference of the adjacent weakened sub-regions 1011 can be reduced, so that a plurality of sequentially arranged weakeners
  • the brightness of the area 1011 can be smoothly transitioned, thereby further softening the visual effect of the sawtooth sensation that the area of the shaped edge C has during display.
  • the foregoing merely illustrates the change in the area of the light blocking block 202 in each of the weakened sub-regions 1011 by taking the three weakened sub-regions 1011_a, 1011_b, and 1011_c, which are sequentially away from the heteromorphic edge C, as an example.
  • the visually weakened area 101 described above may also include other numbers of weakened sub-areas 1011.
  • the area of the visually weakened area 101 can be generally defined without affecting the display effect of the intermediate area of the display substrate.
  • each of the above-described weakened sub-regions 1011 includes N rows and/or N columns of sub-pixels 10. Where N ⁇ 1, N is a positive integer.
  • each of the weakened sub-regions 1011_a, 1011_b, or 1011_c includes one row of sub-pixels 10 in the horizontal direction and three columns of sub-pixels 10 in the vertical direction. In this way, the number of sub-pixels 10 in any adjacent two weakened sub-regions 1011 in the visually weakened region 101 can be equal or approximately equal. Therefore, the person skilled in the art can easily calculate the area of the light blocking block 202 in each weakened sub-region 1011 according to the brightness gradation rule of the plurality of weakened sub-regions 1011.
  • the display substrate 01 may be a color filter substrate.
  • the display substrate 01 further includes a base substrate 02 and a color filter layer 21 on the base substrate 02. Based on this, the black matrix 20 is disposed on the side of the color filter layer 21 facing away from the base substrate 02.
  • the display substrate 01 may be an array substrate.
  • the display substrate 01 further includes a base substrate and a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) array structure on the base substrate.
  • TFT Thin Film Transistor
  • the TFT array structure is located in the display area A of the display substrate 01.
  • the TFT array structure may include a TFT array on the above substrate, and a passivation layer, a pixel electrode, and the like on a side of the TFT array facing away from the substrate.
  • the black matrix 20 may be disposed on a side of the TFT array structure facing away from the substrate, and the TFT array structure is located between the black matrix 20 and the substrate.
  • the color filter layer 21 may be integrated on the array substrate.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device including any one of the display substrates 01 as described above.
  • the display device has the same advantageous effects as the display substrate provided by the foregoing embodiments, and details are not described herein again. Further, the structure of the 01 of the display substrate has been described in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • the display device may specifically be any product or component having a display function, such as a liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal television, a digital photo frame, a mobile phone, or a tablet computer.
  • the display substrate 01 further includes a non-display area B located around the display area A.
  • the above display device may further include a component to be integrated (not shown).
  • the orthographic projection of the component to be integrated on the display substrate 01 is located at a recessed portion of the profiled edge C of the display area A.
  • the AA area can surround a part of the component to be integrated, thereby reducing the area occupied by the integrated component in the non-display area B, and facilitating the design of the narrow frame and the wide screen.
  • the component to be integrated may be an earpiece, a camera or a touch structure.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供一种显示基板及显示装置，涉及显示技术领域，用于解决在AA区边缘呈非直线状的情况下，该AA区边缘在显示过程中出现锯齿感显示效果的问题。该显示基板包括黑矩阵。该显示基板上设置有显示区，显示区的边缘的至少一部分为具有凹凸形状的异型边缘。在显示区内，设置有多个呈矩阵形式排列的亚像素，并具有靠近异型边缘的视觉弱化区。在视觉弱化区内，黑矩阵包括位于亚像素内的遮光块。

Description

一种显示基板及显示装置
本申请要求于2017年8月1日递交的中国专利申请第201710650560.5号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示基板及显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的不断发展，用户对显示基板的外形或者集成性能的要求越来越高。为了满足用户的需求，显示基板的有效显示区(Active Area，简称为AA区)的边缘可以是非直线的。这样一来，上述AA区能够满足显示基板边缘形状多样化的要求。此外，还可以在上述AA区边缘的凹陷部集成一些其他部件，例如听筒或者摄像头等。
发明内容
本公开的实施例提供一种显示基板及显示装置。
本公开实施例的一方面，提供一种显示基板，包括黑矩阵；所述显示基板上设置有显示区，所述显示区边缘的至少一部分为具有凹凸形状的异型边缘；在所述显示区内，所述黑矩阵包括横纵交叉的多个遮光条，所述遮光条横纵交叉界定出多个呈矩阵形式排列的亚像素；所述显示区内具有靠近所述异型边缘的视觉弱化区；在所述视觉弱化区内，所述黑矩阵还包括位于所述亚像素内的遮光块，所述遮光块占据所述亚像素的一部分区域。
根据本公开的实施例，所述视觉弱化区包括多个靠近所述异型边缘的弱化子区；同一个所述弱化子区中，各个亚像素内的遮光块的面积相等；沿所述弱化子区的朝向所述异型边缘的排布方向，所述弱化子区中遮光块 的面积逐渐递增。
根据本公开的实施例，沿所述弱化子区的朝向所述异型边缘的排布方向，任意相邻两个所述弱化子区中遮光块的面积之差的绝对值相等。
根据本公开的实施例，相邻且出光颜色不同的多个亚像素构成一个像素单元；同一个像素单元中的各个亚像素，均位于同一个所述弱化子区中。
根据本公开的实施例，所述遮光块为矩形；每个所述亚像素中，所述遮光块靠近所述异型边缘设置。
根据本公开的实施例，所述遮光块为非矩形；每个所述亚像素中，所述遮光块的面积沿靠近所述异型边缘的方向逐渐递增。
根据本公开的实施例，所述遮光块的形状为直角三角形，所述直角三角形的底边或直角边靠近所述异型边缘。
根据本公开的实施例，所述遮光块的形状为直角梯形，所述直角梯形的底边或直角边靠近所述异型边缘。
根据本公开的实施例，所述显示区具有左、右对称的所述异型边缘；位于所述显示区左半部分的遮光块与位于所述显示区右半部分的遮光块的形状对称。
根据本公开的实施例，所述显示区具有上、下对称的所述异型边缘；位于所述显示区上半部分的遮光块与位于所述显示区下半部分的遮光块的形状对称。
根据本公开的实施例，每个所述弱化子区中均包括N行和/或N列所述亚像素；其中，N≥1，N为正整数。
根据本公开的实施例，所述显示基板还包括衬底基板以及位于所述衬底基板上的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵设置于所述彩色滤光层背离所述衬底基板的一侧。
根据本公开的实施例，所述显示基板还包括衬底基板以及设置于所述衬底基板和所述黑矩阵之间的TFT阵列结构；其中，所述TFT阵列结构位于所述显示基板的显示区。
本公开实施例的另一方面，提供一种显示装置包括如上所述的任意一种显示基板。
根据本公开的实施例，所述显示基板还包括位于所述显示区周边的非显示区；所述显示装置还包括待集成部件；所述待集成部件在所述显示基板上的正投影位于所述显示区的异型边缘的凹陷部分。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开的实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为一种具有异型边缘的AA区的显示基板的结构示意图；
图2为根据本公开的实施例的具有异型边缘的AA区的显示基板的结构示意图；
图3为根据本公开的另一实施例的具有异型边缘的AA区的显示基板的结构示意图；
图4为根据本公开的实施例的显示区中的遮光条的结构示意图；
图5为根据本公开的实施例的靠近AA区异型边缘的视觉弱化区的结构示意图；
图6为根据本公开的实施例的遮光块的一种结构示意图；
图7为根据本公开的另一实施例的遮光块的结构示意图；
图8为根据本公开的另一实施例的靠近AA区异型边缘的视觉弱化区的结构示意图；
图9为根据本公开的实施例的包括两个弱化子区的视觉弱化区的结构示意图；
图10为根据本公开的实施例的包括三个弱化子区的视觉弱化区的结 构示意图；
图11为根据本公开的实施例的像素单元的结构示意图；
图12为图10的局部结构放大图；
图13为根据本公开的实施例的显示基板的结构的截面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
如图1所示，显示基板01的AA区内具有矩形的亚像素10。在此情况下，为了使得该AA区的边缘呈非直线状，在该AA区边缘处，可以通过增加或减少亚像素10的数量，以在宏观上使得AA区的边缘呈曲线。如图1所示，显示基板01的AA区的边缘在宏观上呈半圆弧状。
然而，虽然上述AA区的边缘在宏观上为曲线，但是在微观上，处于AA区边缘的矩形亚像素10，由于排列位置参差不齐，使得该AA区边缘呈锯齿状。因此在显示的过程中，该AA区边缘会具有锯齿感的视觉效果，从而不利于提升显示效果。
本公开的实施例提供一种显示基板01，如图2或图3所示，该显示基板01上设置有显示区A以及位于该显示区A周边的非显示区B。其中，上述显示区A的边缘的至少一部分为具有凹凸形状的异型边缘C，即该异型边缘呈非直线状。
具体的，图2是以异型边缘C是圆弧状为例进行说明。在这种情况下，与该显示区A的异型边缘C位于同一侧的非显示区B的一边也可以制作呈圆弧状，从而可以使得整个显示基板01具有圆弧状的边能够满足用户对显示装置外形多样性的要求。或者，图3是以异型边缘C是曲线状为例进行 说明。该曲线的一部分凹陷，从而可以在该凹陷位置集成其他待集成部件，例如听筒、摄像头等。这样一来，AA区能够将上述待集成部件的一部分进行包围，从而可以减小待集成部件占用非显示区B的面积，有利于实现窄边框和宽屏的设计。
在此基础上，如图5所示，该显示基板01还可包括位于显示区A和非显示区B的黑矩阵20(BM)。其中，在显示区A内，黑矩阵20可包括如图4所示的横纵交叉的多个遮光条201。遮光条201横纵交叉界定出多个呈矩阵形式排列的上述亚像素10。
基于此，在显示区A内，如图5所示，具有靠近上述异型边缘C的视觉弱化区101(图5虚线所示)。在视觉弱化区101内，上述黑矩阵20还包括位于亚像素10内的遮光块202，该遮光块202占据上述亚像素10的一部分区域。这使得视觉弱化区101中的亚像素10的透光区域减小。
其中，上述遮光块202与遮光条201的材料可以相同，且为一体结构。在此情况下，通过一次掩膜、曝光、刻蚀工艺就可以形成具有遮光块202和遮光条201的黑矩阵20。
需要说明的是，图5仅画出了异型边缘C和视觉弱化区101的一部分。且本公开对视觉弱化区101中亚像素10的数量不做限定，只要能够保证该视觉弱化区101至少包括一行和/或一列的靠近上述异型边缘C的亚像素10即可。在不影响显示区A的中间部分显示效果的前提下，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对视觉弱化区101中亚像素10的数量进行设定。
此外，为了在AA区中形成上述异型边缘C，如图5所示，该AA区内的部分靠近边缘位置的亚像素10的排列位置可参差不齐。
基于此，上述遮光块202的形状可以为如图6所示的矩形。在此情况下，在每个亚像素10中，遮光块202可靠近异型边缘C设置。这样一来，可以使得亚像素10中被遮光块202遮挡的一部分靠近异型边缘C，以降低异型边缘C及其周边的亮度，从而降低人眼对异型边缘C形状进行捕捉的敏锐度。
或者，上述遮光块202的形状可以为非矩形。例如，遮光块202的形状可以为梯形、三角形等。在此情况下，为了降低异型边缘C及其周边的亮度，在每个亚像素10中，遮光块202的面积沿朝向异型边缘C的方向逐渐递增。
基于此，如图7所示，当该遮光块202的形状为直角三角形时，上述直角三角形的底边或直角边靠近该异型边缘C，从而使得遮光块202的面积沿朝向异型边缘C的方向逐渐递增。
或者，当遮光块202的形状为直角梯形时，该直角梯形的底边或直角边靠近上述异型边缘C，从而使得遮光块202的面积沿朝向异型边缘C的方向逐渐递增。
对于直角梯形或者直角三角形的遮光块202而言，直角所在的底边和直角边可以与该遮光块202所在的亚像素10周边的遮光条201的位置重叠，且该遮光条201和遮光块202可以为一体结构。这样一来，有利于计算遮光块202的遮光面积，避免遮光条201和遮光块202的位置不重叠而存在漏光的间隙，进而导致计算遮光面积过程中产生误差。
在此基础上，当显示区A具有左、右对称的异型边缘C时(如图5所示)，为了减小该视觉弱化区101的左、右部分的显示效果差异，优选的，位于该显示区A左半部分的遮光块202与位于该显示区A右半部分的遮光块202的形状对称。
或者，当显示区A具有上、下对称的异型边缘C时(如图8所示)，为了减小该视觉弱化区101的上、下部分的显示效果差异，位于显示区A上半部分的遮光块202与位于显示区A下半部分的遮光块202的形状对称。
需要说明的是，本文中，“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”等方位术语是相对于附图中的显示基板所示意的置放的方位来定义的，应当理解到，这些方向性术语是相对的概念，它们用于相对于的描述和澄清，其可以根据显示基板所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
综上所述，显示区A具有靠近异型边缘C的视觉弱化区101，且该视 觉弱化区101中具有设置于亚像素10内的遮光块202。由于遮光块202占据亚像素10的一部分区域，可以相应的减小该亚像素10原有的透光率，降低该亚像素10的亮度。这样一来，可以从整体上降低该视觉弱化区101的亮度，从而在显示的过程中，使得人眼对异型边缘C周边所显示的图像进行捕捉的敏锐度降低，最终能够降低上述异型边缘C所在区域具有锯齿感的视觉效果。
以下对上述视觉弱化区101内这遮光块202的设置方式进行详细的说明。
具体的，为了进一步减弱异型边缘C所在区域在显示过程中具有锯齿感的视觉效果。根据本公开的实施例，如图9或图10所示，视觉弱化区101包括多个靠近异型边缘C的弱化子区1011。具体的，图9中视觉弱化区101包括两个弱化子区1011_a和1011_b。图10中视觉弱化区101包括三个弱化子区1011_a、1011_b以及1011_c。这样一来，通过在视觉弱化区101中划分出多个弱化子区1011，可以对视觉弱化区101进行细化。
其中，同一个弱化子区1011中，各个亚像素10内的遮光块202的面积相等。在此情况下，同一弱化子区1011中各个遮光块202的面积相等，从而使得同一弱化子区1011中各个亚像素10的透过率相同。此时同一弱化子区1011中各处的亮度值一致，使得这个弱化子区1011的亮度均匀。
在此基础上，如图11所示，相邻且出光颜色不同的多个亚像素10构成一个像素单元11。例如，红色(R)亚像素10、绿色(G)亚像素10以及蓝色(G)亚像素10可以构成一个像素单元；或者，红色(R)亚像素10、绿色(G)亚像素10、蓝色(G)亚像素10以及白色(W)亚像素10可以构成一个像素单元；又或者，红色(R)亚像素10、绿色(G)亚像素10、蓝色(G)亚像素10以及黄色(Y)亚像素10可以构成一个像素单元。
基于此，同一个像素单元11中的各个亚像素10，均位于同一个弱化子区1101中。在此情况下，由于同一个弱化子区1011中，各个亚像素10 内的遮光块202的面积相等。因此同一个像素单元11中的各个亚像素10内的遮光块202的面积相等。这样一来，可以使得同一个像素单元11中各个亚像素10的透光率相同，从而可以避免像素单元11中单个颜色出现过亮的问题。
此外，沿弱化子区1011的朝向该异型边缘C的排布方向，上述弱化子区1011中遮光块202的面积逐渐递增。这样一来，越靠近异型边缘C的弱化子区1011中的亚像素10的透过率越低，以降低用户眼睛在异型边缘C周边捕捉画面的敏锐度。与此同时，越远离异型边缘C的弱化子区1011中的亚像素10的透过率越高，从而可以减小靠近显示基板中部显示区的弱化子区1011中的亚像素10的亮度与该中部显示区中亚像素10的亮度差，避免对中部显示区的显示效果造成影响。
具体的，例如图9中，远离异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_b中的遮光块202的面积小于靠近异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_a中的遮光块202的面积。
或者，又例如图10中，最远离异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_c中的遮光块202的面积最小；次远离异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_b中的遮光块202的面积大于弱化子区1011_c中的遮光块202的面积；而靠近异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_a中的遮光块202的面积最大。
其中，以视觉弱化区101包括依次远离异型边缘C的三个弱化子区1011_a、1011_b以及1011_c为例，对上述三个弱化子区1011_a、1011_b以及1011_c中遮光块202的面积变化进行举例说明。
具体的，如图12所示，由于沿弱化子区1011的朝向该异型边缘C的排布方向X，上述弱化子区1011中遮光块202的面积逐渐递增，因此，最远离异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_c中的遮光块202的面积，可以为该矩形亚像素10(Pixel)原本面积的1/4；次远离异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_b中的遮光块202的面积，可以为该矩形亚像素10(Pixel)原本面积的1/2；而靠近异型边缘C的弱化子区1011_a中的遮光块202的面积最大，可以为 该矩形亚像素10(Pixel)原本面积的3/4。
由上述可知，沿弱化子区1011的朝向异型边缘的排布方向X，任意相邻两个弱化子区例如1011_c和1011_b；或者1011_b和1011_a中的遮光块202的面积之差的绝对值相等，均为1/4像素面积。从而使得沿多个弱化子区1011的朝向异型边缘的排布方向X，多个弱化子区1011中的遮光块202的面积的数值呈等差数列。
这样一来，可以在视觉弱化区101中沿朝向异型边缘C的方向X，逐级减小亚像素10的亮度，降低相邻的弱化子区1011的亮度差异，使得多个依次排列的弱化子区1011的亮度可平滑过渡，从而进一步柔化异型边缘C所在区域在显示过程中具有的锯齿感的视觉效果。
当然，上述仅仅是以视觉弱化区101包括依次远离异型边缘C的三个弱化子区1011_a、1011_b以及1011_c为例，对各个弱化子区1011中的遮光块202的面积变化进行的举例说明。本领域的技术人员可以理解，上述视觉弱化区101还可以包括其他数量的弱化子区1011。通常在不影响显示基板的中间区域的显示效果的情况下，可以对视觉弱化区101的面积进行限定。在此情况下，上述视觉弱化区101中包括的弱化子区1011的数量越多，任意相邻两个弱化子区1011中的遮光块202的面积差的绝对值越小，使得柔化上述锯齿感的视觉效果的理想程度越高。
在此基础上，每个上述弱化子区1011中均包括N行和/或N列亚像素10。其中，N≥1，N为正整数。例如，在图10中，每个弱化子区1011_a、1011_b或1011_c中，在水平方向上包括一行亚像素10，在竖直方向上包括三列亚像素10。这样一来，在视觉弱化区101中任意相邻两个弱化子区1011中亚像素10的数量可以相等或近似相等。从而可以便于本领域技术人员根据多个弱化子区1011的亮度渐变规律，计算出每个弱化子区1011中遮光块202的面积。
此外，上述显示基板01可以为彩膜基板，在此情况下，如图13所示，该显示基板01还包括衬底基板02以及位于衬底基板02上的彩色滤光层 21。基于此，黑矩阵20设置于彩色滤光层21背离衬底基板02的一侧。
或者，上述显示基板01可以为阵列基板，在此情况下，该显示基板01还包括衬底基板以及位于该衬底基板上的TFT(Thin Film Transistor，薄膜晶体管)阵列结构。
其中，该TFT阵列结构位于显示基板01的显示区A。具体的，TFT阵列结构可包括位于上述衬底基板上的TFT阵列，以及位于该TFT阵列背离衬底基板一侧的钝化层、像素电极等。
在此情况下，可以将上述黑矩阵20设置于TFT阵列结构背离衬底基板的一侧，此时TFT阵列结构位于黑矩阵20与衬底基板之间。
此外，当上述显示基板01为阵列基板时，上述彩色滤光层21也可以集成于该阵列基板上。
本公开实施例提供了一种显示装置，包括如上所述的任意一种显示基板01。该显示装置具有与前述实施例提供的显示基板相同有益效果，此处不再赘述。此外，显示基板的01结构已经在前述实施例中进行了描述，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本公开实施例中，显示装置具体可以为液晶显示器、液晶电视、数码相框、手机或平板电脑等任何具有显示功能的产品或者部件。
在此基础上，如图3所示，该显示基板01还包括位于显示区A周边的非显示区B。
在此情况下，上述显示装置还可包括待集成部件(图中未示出)。该待集成部件在显示基板01上的正投影位于显示区A的异型边缘C的凹陷部分。这样一来，AA区能够将上述待集成部件的一部分进行包围，从而可以减小集成部件占用非显示区B的面积，有利于实现窄边框和宽屏的设计。
其中，上述待集成部件可以为听筒、摄像头或者触控结构。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可 轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种显示基板，包括黑矩阵；其中，所述显示基板上设置有显示区，所述显示区的边缘的至少一部分为具有凹凸形状的异型边缘；
    在所述显示区内，设置有多个呈矩阵形式排列的亚像素；
    在所述显示区内，具有靠近所述异型边缘的视觉弱化区；在所述视觉弱化区内，所述黑矩阵包括位于所述亚像素内的遮光块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述视觉弱化区包括多个靠近所述异型边缘的弱化子区；
    在同一个所述弱化子区中，各个所述亚像素内的遮光块的面积相等；
    沿所述弱化子区的朝向所述异型边缘的排布方向，所述弱化子区中遮光块的面积逐渐递增。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，沿所述弱化子区的朝向所述异型边缘的排布方向，相邻的两个所述弱化子区中遮光块的面积之差的绝对值相等。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，相邻且出光颜色不同的多个亚像素构成一个像素单元，以及同一个像素单元中的各个亚像素，均位于同一个所述弱化子区中。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述遮光块的形状为矩形，在每个所述亚像素中，所述遮光块靠近所述异型边缘设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的显示基板，其中，所述遮光块为非矩形，在每个所述亚像素中，所述遮光块的面积沿朝向所述异型边缘的方向逐渐递增。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的显示基板，其中，所述遮光块的形状为直角三角形，所述直角三角形的底边或直角边靠近所述异型边缘。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的显示基板，其中，所述遮光块的形状为直角梯形，所述直角梯形的底边或直角边靠近所述异型边缘。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示区具有左、右对 称的所述异型边缘；位于所述显示区左半部分的遮光块与位于所述显示区右半部分的遮光块的形状对称。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示区具有上、下对称的所述异型边缘；位于所述显示区上半部分的遮光块与位于所述显示区下半部分的遮光块的形状对称。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，每个所述弱化子区中均包括N行和/或N列所述亚像素；其中，N≥1，N为正整数。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示基板还包括衬底基板以及位于所述衬底基板上的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵设置于所述彩色滤光层背离所述衬底基板的一侧。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述显示基板还包括衬底基板以及设置于所述衬底基板和所述黑矩阵之间的TFT阵列结构；其中，所述TFT阵列结构位于所述显示基板的显示区。
  14. 一种显示装置，其中，包括如权利要求1-13任意一项所述的显示基板。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示基板还包括位于所述显示区周边的非显示区；
    所述显示装置还包括待集成部件；所述待集成部件在所述显示基板上的正投影位于所述显示区的异型边缘的凹陷部分。
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