WO2019023820A1 - Back-contact solar cell assembly and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Back-contact solar cell assembly and manufacturing method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019023820A1
WO2019023820A1 PCT/CN2017/000606 CN2017000606W WO2019023820A1 WO 2019023820 A1 WO2019023820 A1 WO 2019023820A1 CN 2017000606 W CN2017000606 W CN 2017000606W WO 2019023820 A1 WO2019023820 A1 WO 2019023820A1
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solar cell
conductive
insulating film
layer
film layer
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PCT/CN2017/000606
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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林建伟
朱桂祥
刘勇
江作
许晶晶
张育政
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中来光伏科技（扬州）有限公司
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Publication of WO2019023820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019023820A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0516—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module specially adapted for interconnection of back-contact solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022441—Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a back contact solar cell module and a method of fabricating the same.
  • the solar cell module is generally composed of tempered glass, EVA layer, solar cell sheet and conductive strip.
  • the tempered glass provides protection for the solar cell module
  • the EVA layer is used for bonding and fixing a plurality of solar cell sheets, and the solar cell sheet directly passes through the photoelectric effect.
  • the light energy is converted into electrical energy, and the conductive tape establishes an electrical connection relationship between any two solar cells.
  • the solar cell's power generation principle is: the sun shines on the semiconductor PN junction, forming a new hole-electron pair. Under the action of the electric field built in the PN junction, the photogenerated hole flows to the P region, and the photogenerated electron flows to the N region. At this time, the photogenerated holes are collected by the positive grid line, and the photogenerated electrons are collected by the negative grid line to supply power.
  • the back contact solar cell string is characterized in that the solar cell chip is set to be back contact type, so that the front surface of the solar cell chip has no grid line occlusion, thereby maximally absorbing light, and then using straight
  • the wire web stretched by the conductive tape 5 welds a plurality of battery sheets into a string, thereby achieving series connection of adjacent battery sheets.
  • the back gate line is too dense, and when the worker solders the conductive strip 5 to the gate line according to the method, the solder is easily dropped onto the gate line, resulting in soldering.
  • the grid line is shorted and the solar cell is damaged.
  • the number of the conductive strips 5 is large, the risk of solder dripping is higher, the yield of the solar cell module is lowered, and since the strips 5 are separated from each other, when the conductive strip 5 is soldered, a strip is required. Welding on one floor is very troublesome, resulting in difficulty in soldering the entire solar cell module.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the yield of a solar cell module.
  • a method of manufacturing a back contact solar cell module wherein each solar cell sheet is placed on the EVA layer in a predetermined arrangement, the front side of each solar cell sheet is bonded to the EVA layer, and then the EVA layer is inverted to the solar energy The back of the cell is facing down, and the conductive strip is soldered to the back of the solar cell to form a series/parallel relationship between each of the two solar cells.
  • the strip is soldered to the back of the solar cell. Since the solar cell is located above the conductive strip, the solder does not drip under the gravity to the gate line when it is melted by heat, thereby avoiding short circuit of the grid line and improving the yield of the solar cell module.
  • a back contact solar cell module comprising a plurality of conductive strips and a plurality of back contact solar cells, the conductive strips being soldered to the back of the solar cell sheet, so that a series connection is formed between each two solar cells.
  • the /parallel relationship further includes an insulating film layer, and each of the conductive strips is fixed on the insulating film layer in a predetermined shape.
  • a plurality of conductive strips are fixed on the insulating film layer in a predetermined shape, so that the strips of the conductive strips are formed integrally for easy handling; when soldering, only the solder is placed on the conductive strip and then inverted. The back side of the solar cell sheet is pressed on the conductive strip, and then all the solder is melted by infrared reflow soldering at a time, that is, the soldering of the conductive strip does not occur without soldering again and again.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional back contact solar cell string.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a back contact solar cell module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which a fixing step is performed in the embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the upper punching plate and the lower punching plate in the embodiment when they are not closed.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the upper punching plate and the lower punching plate in the embodiment when they are closed.
  • the top layer of the back contact solar cell module is composed of a protective tempered glass 1, the bottom surface of the tempered glass 1 is bonded to the adhesive transparent EVA layer 2, and the bottom surface of the transparent EVA layer 2 is respectively associated with each solar cell sheet 3.
  • the front faces are bonded such that the individual solar cells 3 are formed in one piece.
  • the positive grid line on the back side of the solar cell sheet 3 is convex outward to form a positive electrode lead
  • the negative grid line on the back surface of the solar cell sheet 3 is convex outward to form a negative electrode lead
  • the conductive strip 5 is soldered to the positive electrode on the back surface of the solar cell sheet 3.
  • a pin or a negative pin is formed to form a series or parallel relationship between every two solar cells 3.
  • the conductive strip 5 is soldered to the port of the positive lead or the negative lead so that a gap 4 is left between the back surface of the solar cell sheet 3 and the insulating film layer 6.
  • the gap 4 provides space for the solder to be placed.
  • the air reflow path is provided for the infrared reflow soldering, so that the molten solder does not contact the grid line on the back side of the solar cell sheet 3 while facilitating the infrared reflow soldering.
  • the insulating film layer 6 is adhered to the bottom surface of each of the conductive strips 5.
  • the insulating film layer 6 is made of a viscous insulating material, which may be PVB or POE, or a transparent inorganic film, and the conductive strip 5 and The insulating film layer 6 can be bonded without using a glue, thereby simplifying the production process, and each of the conductive strips 5 is bonded to the insulating film layer 6, so that each of the conductive strips 5 is formed into a physically continuous whole body for easy handling. Due to the presence of the insulating film layer 6, the double-sided clamping action is formed between the insulating film layer 6 and the tempered glass 1, which greatly enhances the bending resistance and rigidity of the solar cell module, and the solar cell module is better protected.
  • each of the conductive strips 5 is formed into a predetermined shape and then bonded and fixed to the insulating film layer 6.
  • the preset shape can be set by the designer according to specific conditions, and the advantages of forming the preset shape are: due to the various conductive strips 5 has been placed in a position, only need to ensure that the strips 5 are welded to the back of each solar cell 3 in alignment, then each solar cell 3 can be conveniently connected according to the designer's design, wherein each solar cell 3
  • the connection may be all in series to enhance the output voltage of the solar cell module, or may be all connected in parallel to enhance the output current of the solar cell module, or may be a partial string.
  • the junctions are connected in parallel to both boost the output voltage and increase the output current.
  • the method of bonding and fixing to the insulating film layer 6 in a predetermined shape and then soldering is simple, mainly in two aspects: First, the worker is simple to solder, and only the conductive tape 5 and the solar energy are needed for welding. The battery sheets 3 are aligned, and then the hot air is blown into the gap 4 to completely melt all the solder on the conductive strip 5; the second is that the intuitiveness and the modifiability of the drawing are much larger than the physical objects due to the drawing connection design on the computer. The operation, therefore, the implementation of the connection of the individual solar cells 3 in a predetermined design is also simple.
  • the tempered glass 1 is first placed on the table by the robot to realize automatic glass loading, and then the robot automatically cuts the EVA of the same size as the tempered glass 1 and lays the EVA. Place on the glass.
  • a fixing step of fixing the respective solar cell sheets 3 is performed, as follows: The robots place the respective solar cell sheets 3 on the EVA layer 2 in a predetermined arrangement such that the front surface of each solar cell sheet 3 is bonded to the EVA layer 2 Wherein the distance between the solar cell sheet 3 and the solar cell sheet 3 is 1-3 mm. So far, since each of the solar cell sheets 3 is bonded to the EVA layer 2 to form an integral body, it can be easily placed upside down.
  • the robot performs the processing steps of the conductive strip 5, as follows: a conductive plate 52 of moderate thickness is selected, and the conductive plate 52 is laid flat and placed under the punching of the punching machine. Above the plate 53, the four sides and four corners of the conductive plate 52 are pressed by a clamp to fix the offset during the stamping process. Then, the adhesive insulating film layer 6 is placed under the lower punching plate 53, and then the punching machine is started, and the upper punching plate 51 and the lower punching plate 53 are brought together to the state of Fig. 5.
  • the upper punching plate 51 is provided with a projection portion 511 (pressing principle) corresponding to the hollow stripe 531, the upper punching plate 51 and the lower punching plate
  • the upper punching plate 51 punches the conductive plate 52 at the hollow portion of the lower punching plate 53 onto the adhesive insulating layer, thereby forming a plurality of conductive strips 5 at a time, and each of the conductive strips 5 has been in a predetermined shape.
  • the processing steps can be performed before the fixed step or in parallel with the fixed step.
  • the soldering step is performed as follows: the EVA layer 2 shown in FIG. 3 is picked up and then inverted, so that the solar cell sheet 3 faces downward, and then the conductive strip 5 with the solder is placed. Below the solar cell sheet 3, the conductive strip 5 is aligned with the grid line of the solar panel, and then the hot air of the infrared reflow is blown through the gap 4 between the solar cell sheet 3 and the insulating film layer 6, so that all the solder is blown.
  • One-time melting at this time, since each of the conductive strips 5 has been placed in a predetermined shape, any two solar cell sheets 3 are connected by the conductive strips 5 to form a series or parallel relationship, thereby fabricating the structure of FIG.
  • the back contact solar cell module is shown. Since the solder does not drip down to the grid line under the action of gravity, the solder wire is prevented from being short-circuited, the yield of the solar cell module is improved, and the conductive strip 5 is not displaced, and the conductive strip 5 is not displaced.
  • the welding operation is simple and convenient, and the welding time is shortened.
  • the welding method is not limited to infrared reflow soldering, but also hot air welding, high temperature conduction welding, and the like.

Abstract

A back-contact solar cell assembly and a manufacturing method therefor. A front side of each solar cell (3) is adhered to an EVA layer (2), and the EVA layer (2) is inversely disposed on the solar cells to make the back side of the EVA layer (2) to face down. Multiple conductive bands (5) are fixed to an insulation film layer (6) according to a preset shape, so that the conductive bands (5) form a whole body, and the conductive bands (5) are soldered to the back sides of the solar cells (3). Because the solar cells (3) are located above the conductive bands (5), solder melted under heat does not drop to gate lines under the effect of the gravity, so that the short circuit of the gate lines is avoided, thereby improving the yield of the solar cell assembly. In addition, in the soldering process, it is only required to melt all of the solder one time by using infrared reflow soldering, that is, it is unnecessary to carry out soldering multiple times, and the displacement of the conductive bands does not occur.

Description

背接触式太阳能电池组件及其制造方法Back contact solar cell module and method of manufacturing same 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种背接触式太阳能电池组件及其制造方法。The present invention relates to a back contact solar cell module and a method of fabricating the same.
背景技术Background technique
目前，太阳能电池组件一般由钢化玻璃、EVA层、太阳能电池片和导电带组成，钢化玻璃为太阳能电池组件提供保护，EVA层用来粘结固定多个太阳能电池片，太阳能电池片通过光电效应直接把光能转化成电能，导电带为任意两个太阳能电池片之间建立电气连接关系。其中，太阳能电池片的发电原理是：太阳光照在半导体P-N结上，形成新的空穴-电子对，在P-N结内建电场的作用下，光生空穴流向P区，光生电子流向N区，此时用正极栅线把光生空穴汇集起来，用负极栅线将光生电子汇集起来，即可向外供电。At present, the solar cell module is generally composed of tempered glass, EVA layer, solar cell sheet and conductive strip. The tempered glass provides protection for the solar cell module, and the EVA layer is used for bonding and fixing a plurality of solar cell sheets, and the solar cell sheet directly passes through the photoelectric effect. The light energy is converted into electrical energy, and the conductive tape establishes an electrical connection relationship between any two solar cells. Among them, the solar cell's power generation principle is: the sun shines on the semiconductor PN junction, forming a new hole-electron pair. Under the action of the electric field built in the PN junction, the photogenerated hole flows to the P region, and the photogenerated electron flows to the N region. At this time, the photogenerated holes are collected by the positive grid line, and the photogenerated electrons are collected by the negative grid line to supply power.
为了增大供电功率，就要让太阳能电池片能最大面积的接收太阳光，于是便有了授权公告号为CN 103066151 B且名称为《一种背接触太阳能电池串的制作方法》的专利，参考图1，在该专利中，背接触太阳能电池串的特点是将太阳能电池片设成背接触式，这样太阳能电池片的正面没有栅线遮挡，就可以最大化地吸收光线，再由用笔直的导电带5绷成的线网将多个电池片焊接成串，从而实现相邻电池片的串联。但这种方案由于栅线都被集中在太阳能电池片的背面，使得背面栅线过于密集，工人按其方法将导电带5焊接到栅线上时，容易将焊锡滴落至栅线上，导致栅线短路，太阳能电池片受损。特别是当导电带5数量一多时，焊锡滴落的风险就越高，使太阳能电池组件的成品率下降，且由于各条导电带5之间相互离散，焊接导电带5时，需一根一根地焊接，焊接十分麻烦，导致太阳能电池组件整体焊接困难。In order to increase the power supply, it is necessary to let the solar cell receive the sunlight in the largest area. Therefore, there is a patent with the authorization number CN 103066151 B and the name "a method for manufacturing a back contact solar cell string". In this patent, the back contact solar cell string is characterized in that the solar cell chip is set to be back contact type, so that the front surface of the solar cell chip has no grid line occlusion, thereby maximally absorbing light, and then using straight The wire web stretched by the conductive tape 5 welds a plurality of battery sheets into a string, thereby achieving series connection of adjacent battery sheets. However, since the gate line is concentrated on the back surface of the solar cell sheet, the back gate line is too dense, and when the worker solders the conductive strip 5 to the gate line according to the method, the solder is easily dropped onto the gate line, resulting in soldering. The grid line is shorted and the solar cell is damaged. In particular, when the number of the conductive strips 5 is large, the risk of solder dripping is higher, the yield of the solar cell module is lowered, and since the strips 5 are separated from each other, when the conductive strip 5 is soldered, a strip is required. Welding on one floor is very troublesome, resulting in difficulty in soldering the entire solar cell module.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目是提高太阳能电池组件的成品率。The object of the present invention is to improve the yield of a solar cell module.
发明人发现：在传统的焊接方式中，由于导电带处于太阳能电池片的上方， 导电带焊接至太阳能电池片时，受热融化的焊锡容易在重力作用下滴落至栅线，进而导致栅线短路。基于该发现，发明人提出以下技术方案：The inventor found that in the conventional soldering method, since the conductive strip is above the solar cell sheet, When the conductive strip is soldered to the solar cell sheet, the solder melted by the heat is easily dropped to the gate line by gravity, thereby causing the gate line to be short-circuited. Based on this finding, the inventors proposed the following technical solutions:
提供一种制造背接触式太阳能电池组件的方法，其把各个太阳能电池片按预设排列方式放置在EVA层上，每个太阳能电池片的正面与EVA层粘接，然后将EVA层倒置至太阳能电池片背面朝下，把导电带焊接至太阳能电池片背面，以使每两个太阳能电池片之间形成串联/并联关系。通过把每个太阳能电池片的正面粘接至EVA层，使得各个太阳能电池片形成一个整体，即可十分方便地将EVA层拿起后倒置，使太阳能电池片背面朝下，此时再把导电带焊接至太阳能电池片背面，由于太阳能电池片位于导电带上方，焊锡受热融化时不会在重力作用下滴落至栅线，从而避免造成栅线短路，提高太阳能电池组件的成品率。A method of manufacturing a back contact solar cell module is provided, wherein each solar cell sheet is placed on the EVA layer in a predetermined arrangement, the front side of each solar cell sheet is bonded to the EVA layer, and then the EVA layer is inverted to the solar energy The back of the cell is facing down, and the conductive strip is soldered to the back of the solar cell to form a series/parallel relationship between each of the two solar cells. By bonding the front side of each solar cell sheet to the EVA layer, so that each solar cell sheet is formed into a whole, it is very convenient to pick up the EVA layer and then invert it so that the solar cell sheet faces downward, and then conducts electricity. The strip is soldered to the back of the solar cell. Since the solar cell is located above the conductive strip, the solder does not drip under the gravity to the gate line when it is melted by heat, thereby avoiding short circuit of the grid line and improving the yield of the solar cell module.
由于导电带多且离散，焊接时，一根一根焊接导电带会十分麻烦，而将各导电带放置后一块焊接则容易发生导电带移位现象，特别是在倒置焊接时，焊接更是困难。基于此，提供一种背接触式太阳能电池组件，包括多条导电带和多个背接触式太阳能电池片，导电带焊接至太阳能电池片背面，以使每两个太阳能电池片之间，形成串联/并联关系，还包括绝缘膜层，各条导电带按预设形状被固定在绝缘膜层上。在焊接之前，先把多条导电带按预设形状固定在绝缘膜层上，使各条导电带形成一个整体，方便拿放；焊接时，仅需将焊锡置于导电带上，然后将倒置的太阳能电池片的背面压在导电带上，再用红外回流焊一次性将所有焊锡融化即可，即不用一次次地焊接，也不会发生导电带移位现象。Since the conductive strips are many and discrete, it is very troublesome to solder the conductive strips one by one when soldering, and the conductive strips are easily displaced when the conductive strips are placed and placed, especially in the case of inverted soldering, the soldering is more difficult. . Based on this, a back contact solar cell module is provided, comprising a plurality of conductive strips and a plurality of back contact solar cells, the conductive strips being soldered to the back of the solar cell sheet, so that a series connection is formed between each two solar cells. The /parallel relationship further includes an insulating film layer, and each of the conductive strips is fixed on the insulating film layer in a predetermined shape. Before soldering, a plurality of conductive strips are fixed on the insulating film layer in a predetermined shape, so that the strips of the conductive strips are formed integrally for easy handling; when soldering, only the solder is placed on the conductive strip and then inverted. The back side of the solar cell sheet is pressed on the conductive strip, and then all the solder is melted by infrared reflow soldering at a time, that is, the soldering of the conductive strip does not occur without soldering again and again.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是现有的背接触太阳能电池串的结构示意图。1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional back contact solar cell string.
图2是本发明中背接触式太阳能电池组件的结构示意图。2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a back contact solar cell module of the present invention.
图3是实施例中固定步骤被执行时的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which a fixing step is performed in the embodiment.
图4是实施例中上冲压板和下冲压板未合拢时的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the upper punching plate and the lower punching plate in the embodiment when they are not closed.
图5是实施例中上冲压板和下冲压板合拢时的示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the upper punching plate and the lower punching plate in the embodiment when they are closed.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合实施例以及附图对本发明加以详细说明，需要指出的是，所描述的实施例仅旨在便于对本发明的理解，而对其不起任何限定作用。The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, which are to be understood that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention.
参考图2，背接触式太阳能电池组件的顶层由具有保护作用的钢化玻璃1构成，钢化玻璃1底面与带粘性的透明EVA层2粘接，透明EVA层2的底面分别与各个太阳能电池片3的正面进行粘接，使得各个太阳能电池片3形成一个整体。Referring to FIG. 2, the top layer of the back contact solar cell module is composed of a protective tempered glass 1, the bottom surface of the tempered glass 1 is bonded to the adhesive transparent EVA layer 2, and the bottom surface of the transparent EVA layer 2 is respectively associated with each solar cell sheet 3. The front faces are bonded such that the individual solar cells 3 are formed in one piece.
太阳能电池片3背面的正极栅线朝外凸起以形成正极引脚，太阳能电池片3背面的负极栅线朝外凸起以形成负极引脚，导电带5焊接至太阳能电池片3背面的正极引脚或负极引脚，以使得每两个太阳能电池片3之间，形成串联或并联关系。具体地，导电带5焊接在正极引脚或负极引脚的端口上，使得太阳能电池片3背面与绝缘膜层6之间留有间隙4，在焊接时，间隙4既为焊锡提供放置空间又为红外回流焊提供送风路径，在方便红外回流焊的同时使得融化的焊锡不会接触到太阳能电池片3背面的栅线。The positive grid line on the back side of the solar cell sheet 3 is convex outward to form a positive electrode lead, and the negative grid line on the back surface of the solar cell sheet 3 is convex outward to form a negative electrode lead, and the conductive strip 5 is soldered to the positive electrode on the back surface of the solar cell sheet 3. A pin or a negative pin is formed to form a series or parallel relationship between every two solar cells 3. Specifically, the conductive strip 5 is soldered to the port of the positive lead or the negative lead so that a gap 4 is left between the back surface of the solar cell sheet 3 and the insulating film layer 6. When soldering, the gap 4 provides space for the solder to be placed. The air reflow path is provided for the infrared reflow soldering, so that the molten solder does not contact the grid line on the back side of the solar cell sheet 3 while facilitating the infrared reflow soldering.
各条导电带5的底面粘接有绝缘膜层6，绝缘膜层6由带粘性的绝缘材料构成，该带粘性的绝缘材料可以是PVB或POE，也可以是透明无机膜，导电带5与绝缘膜层6无需通过胶即可实现粘接，从而简化生产工序，各条导电带5都粘接至绝缘膜层6，因而各条导电带5形成物理连续的整体，方便拿放。由于绝缘膜层6的存在，绝缘膜层6和钢化玻璃1之间形成双面夹持作用，可大大增强太阳能电池组件的抗弯能力和刚性，使太阳能电池组件得到更好地保护。An insulating film layer 6 is adhered to the bottom surface of each of the conductive strips 5. The insulating film layer 6 is made of a viscous insulating material, which may be PVB or POE, or a transparent inorganic film, and the conductive strip 5 and The insulating film layer 6 can be bonded without using a glue, thereby simplifying the production process, and each of the conductive strips 5 is bonded to the insulating film layer 6, so that each of the conductive strips 5 is formed into a physically continuous whole body for easy handling. Due to the presence of the insulating film layer 6, the double-sided clamping action is formed between the insulating film layer 6 and the tempered glass 1, which greatly enhances the bending resistance and rigidity of the solar cell module, and the solar cell module is better protected.
此外，各条导电带5组成预设形状后再粘接固定至绝缘膜层6，该预设形状可由设计人员根据具体情况来设定，而组成预设形状的好处是：由于各条导电带5已摆放好位置，仅需保证各条导电带5对齐地焊接至各个太阳能电池片3背面，即可方便地按设计人员的设计将各个太阳能电池片3连接起来，其中各个太阳能电池片3的连接方式可以是全部串联以增强太阳能电池组件的输出电压，也可以是全部并联以增强太阳能电池组件的输出电流，还可以是部分串 联部分并联，从而既增强输出电压也增强输出电流。值得说明的是，按预设形状粘接固定至绝缘膜层6后再行焊接的方式之所以简单，主要体现在两方面：一是工人焊接简单，焊接时，仅需将导电带5与太阳能电池片3对齐，再往间隙4中吹入热风使导电带5上的全部焊锡一次性全部融化即可；二是由于在电脑上做图纸连接设计，其直观性和可修改性要远大于实物操作，因此各个太阳能电池片3按预设设计进行连接的实现方式也变得简单。In addition, each of the conductive strips 5 is formed into a predetermined shape and then bonded and fixed to the insulating film layer 6. The preset shape can be set by the designer according to specific conditions, and the advantages of forming the preset shape are: due to the various conductive strips 5 has been placed in a position, only need to ensure that the strips 5 are welded to the back of each solar cell 3 in alignment, then each solar cell 3 can be conveniently connected according to the designer's design, wherein each solar cell 3 The connection may be all in series to enhance the output voltage of the solar cell module, or may be all connected in parallel to enhance the output current of the solar cell module, or may be a partial string. The junctions are connected in parallel to both boost the output voltage and increase the output current. It is worth noting that the method of bonding and fixing to the insulating film layer 6 in a predetermined shape and then soldering is simple, mainly in two aspects: First, the worker is simple to solder, and only the conductive tape 5 and the solar energy are needed for welding. The battery sheets 3 are aligned, and then the hot air is blown into the gap 4 to completely melt all the solder on the conductive strip 5; the second is that the intuitiveness and the modifiability of the drawing are much larger than the physical objects due to the drawing connection design on the computer. The operation, therefore, the implementation of the connection of the individual solar cells 3 in a predetermined design is also simple.
参考图3，制造背接触式太阳能电池组件时，用机械手先把钢化玻璃1放置在桌面上，实现自动玻璃上料，然后机械手自动裁切出与钢化玻璃1大小相等的EVA，并将EVA铺放在玻璃上。接着执行将各个太阳能电池片3固定的固定步骤，具体如下：机械手把各个太阳能电池片3按预设排列方式放置在EVA层2上，使得每个太阳能电池片3的正面与EVA层2粘接，其中太阳能电池片3与太阳能电池片3之间的间距为1-3mm。至此，由于各个太阳能电池片3都粘接至EVA层2从而形成一个整体，因此可方便拿放倒置。Referring to FIG. 3, when manufacturing the back contact solar cell module, the tempered glass 1 is first placed on the table by the robot to realize automatic glass loading, and then the robot automatically cuts the EVA of the same size as the tempered glass 1 and lays the EVA. Place on the glass. Next, a fixing step of fixing the respective solar cell sheets 3 is performed, as follows: The robots place the respective solar cell sheets 3 on the EVA layer 2 in a predetermined arrangement such that the front surface of each solar cell sheet 3 is bonded to the EVA layer 2 Wherein the distance between the solar cell sheet 3 and the solar cell sheet 3 is 1-3 mm. So far, since each of the solar cell sheets 3 is bonded to the EVA layer 2 to form an integral body, it can be easily placed upside down.
参考图4，将太阳能电池片3粘接至EVA层2后，机械手进行导电带5的加工步骤，具体如下：选取厚度适中的导电板52，将导电板52铺平放置在冲压机床的下冲压板53上方，并将导电板52的四边和四角处采用压块压住以固定，防止冲压过程中产生偏移。然后将带粘性的绝缘膜层6放置在下冲压板53下方，紧接着启动冲压机床，上冲压板51和下冲压板53合拢至图5的状态。由于下冲压板53上设有形状为上述预设形状的镂空条纹531，而上冲压板51上则设有对应镂空条纹531的凸出部511(冲压原理)，上冲压板51和下冲压板53合拢时，上冲压板51会将下冲压板53的镂空处的导电板52冲压至带粘性绝缘层上，从而一次性形成多条导电带5，且各条导电带5已按预设形状摆放好，此时由于绝缘膜层6带有粘性，被摆放好的导电带5与绝缘膜层6自然粘接固定，使得使各条导电带5形成一个整体，从而可被机械手或吸盘一次性拿放。值得注意的是，加工步骤可以在固定步骤之前执行，也可以与固定步骤并行。 Referring to FIG. 4, after the solar cell sheet 3 is bonded to the EVA layer 2, the robot performs the processing steps of the conductive strip 5, as follows: a conductive plate 52 of moderate thickness is selected, and the conductive plate 52 is laid flat and placed under the punching of the punching machine. Above the plate 53, the four sides and four corners of the conductive plate 52 are pressed by a clamp to fix the offset during the stamping process. Then, the adhesive insulating film layer 6 is placed under the lower punching plate 53, and then the punching machine is started, and the upper punching plate 51 and the lower punching plate 53 are brought together to the state of Fig. 5. Since the lower punching plate 53 is provided with the hollow stripe 531 having the shape of the above-mentioned predetermined shape, the upper punching plate 51 is provided with a projection portion 511 (pressing principle) corresponding to the hollow stripe 531, the upper punching plate 51 and the lower punching plate When the 53 is closed, the upper punching plate 51 punches the conductive plate 52 at the hollow portion of the lower punching plate 53 onto the adhesive insulating layer, thereby forming a plurality of conductive strips 5 at a time, and each of the conductive strips 5 has been in a predetermined shape. When the insulating film layer 6 is viscous, the conductive tape 5 and the insulating film layer 6 are naturally adhered and fixed, so that the conductive strips 5 are formed integrally, thereby being able to be grasped by a robot or a suction cup. Take it at once. It is worth noting that the processing steps can be performed before the fixed step or in parallel with the fixed step.
加工步骤和固定步骤都完成后，执行焊接步骤，具体如下：将图3所示的EVA层2拿起后倒置，使太阳能电池片3背面朝下，接着拿起置有焊锡的导电带5放置在太阳能电池片3下方，导电带5与太阳能板的栅线对齐后压紧接触，然后将红外回流焊的热风通过太阳能电池片3与绝缘膜层6之间的间隙4吹入，使得全部焊锡一次性融化，此时由于各条导电带5已按预设形状摆放，因此任意两个太阳能电池片3之间会被导电带5连接起来，形成串联或并联关系，从而制造出图2所示的背接触式太阳能电池组件。由于焊锡受热融化时不会在重力作用下滴落至栅线，从而避免造成栅线短路，提高太阳能电池组件的成品率，且不用一次次地焊接，也不会发生导电带5移位现象，焊接操作简单方便，焊接时间缩短。After the processing step and the fixing step are completed, the soldering step is performed as follows: the EVA layer 2 shown in FIG. 3 is picked up and then inverted, so that the solar cell sheet 3 faces downward, and then the conductive strip 5 with the solder is placed. Below the solar cell sheet 3, the conductive strip 5 is aligned with the grid line of the solar panel, and then the hot air of the infrared reflow is blown through the gap 4 between the solar cell sheet 3 and the insulating film layer 6, so that all the solder is blown. One-time melting, at this time, since each of the conductive strips 5 has been placed in a predetermined shape, any two solar cell sheets 3 are connected by the conductive strips 5 to form a series or parallel relationship, thereby fabricating the structure of FIG. The back contact solar cell module is shown. Since the solder does not drip down to the grid line under the action of gravity, the solder wire is prevented from being short-circuited, the yield of the solar cell module is improved, and the conductive strip 5 is not displaced, and the conductive strip 5 is not displaced. The welding operation is simple and convenient, and the welding time is shortened.
值得说明的是，焊接方式不局限于红外回流焊，也可以是热风焊、高温传导焊接等。It is worth noting that the welding method is not limited to infrared reflow soldering, but also hot air welding, high temperature conduction welding, and the like.
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。 It should be noted that the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand The technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 背接触式太阳能电池组件，包括多条导电带和多个背接触式太阳能电池片，导电带焊接至太阳能电池片背面，以使每两个太阳能电池片之间，形成串联/并联关系，其特征是：还包括绝缘膜层，各条导电带按预设形状被固定在绝缘膜层上。The back contact solar cell module comprises a plurality of conductive strips and a plurality of back contact solar cells, and the conductive strip is soldered to the back surface of the solar cell to form a series/parallel relationship between each of the two solar cells, and the characteristics thereof Yes: an insulating film layer is further included, and each of the conductive strips is fixed on the insulating film layer in a predetermined shape.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背接触式太阳能电池组件，其特征是：所述绝缘膜层是带粘性绝缘层。A back contact solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein said insulating film layer is a viscous insulating layer.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背接触式太阳能电池组件，其特征是：所述带粘性绝缘层是PVB或POE。The back contact solar cell module according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive insulating layer is PVB or POE.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的背接触式太阳能电池组件，其特征是：所述太阳能电池片背面的正极栅线朝外凸起以形成正极引脚，所述太阳能电池片背面的负极栅线朝外凸起以形成负极引脚，导电带焊接在正极引脚或负极引脚的端口上，以使得太阳能电池片背面与绝缘膜层之间留有间隙。The back contact solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the positive grid line on the back surface of the solar cell sheet is convex outward to form a positive electrode lead, and the negative grid line on the back side of the solar cell sheet faces outward. The bumps are formed to form a negative electrode lead, and the conductive tape is soldered to the port of the positive or negative pin so that a gap is left between the back surface of the solar cell and the insulating film layer.
  5. 制造背接触式太阳能电池组件的方法，包括：A method of manufacturing a back contact solar cell module, comprising:
    固定步骤，其把各个太阳能电池片按预设排列方式放置在EVA层上，每个太阳能电池片的正面与EVA层粘接；a fixing step of placing each solar cell sheet on the EVA layer in a predetermined arrangement, and bonding the front surface of each solar cell sheet to the EVA layer;
    其特征是还包括：It is also characterized by:
    在固定步骤之后执行的焊接步骤，其将EVA层倒置至太阳能电池片背面朝下，把导电带焊接至太阳能电池片背面，以使每两个太阳能电池片之间，形成串联/并联关系。A soldering step performed after the fixing step, which inverts the EVA layer to the back side of the solar cell sheet, and solders the conductive strip to the back side of the solar cell sheet to form a series/parallel relationship between each of the two solar cell sheets.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征是：还包括在焊接步骤之前执行的加工步骤，其包括绝缘膜层，多条导电带按预设形状被固定在绝缘膜层上。The method according to claim 5, further comprising a processing step performed before the soldering step, comprising an insulating film layer, the plurality of conductive strips being fixed on the insulating film layer in a predetermined shape.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征是：所述绝缘膜层是带粘性的绝缘层。The method according to claim 6, wherein said insulating film layer is a viscous insulating layer.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征是：在加工步骤中，把导电板放在设有镂空条纹的下冲压板上方，把带粘性绝缘层放在下冲压板下方，在下冲压 板的镂空处，用上冲压板将导电板冲压至带粘性绝缘层上，以使得导电板与带粘性绝缘层自然粘接。The method according to claim 7, wherein in the processing step, the conductive plate is placed over the lower punching plate provided with the hollow stripe, and the adhesive insulating layer is placed under the lower punching plate, and punched under At the hollowing of the plate, the conductive plate is stamped onto the adhesive insulating layer with a stamping plate so that the conductive plate is naturally bonded to the adhesive insulating layer.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征是：所述镂空条纹的形状是所述预设形状。 The method of claim 8 wherein the shape of the openwork stripe is the predetermined shape.
PCT/CN2017/000606 2017-08-04 2017-09-21 Back-contact solar cell assembly and manufacturing method therefor WO2019023820A1 (en)

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